WO2022226971A1 - 电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022226971A1
WO2022226971A1 PCT/CN2021/091365 CN2021091365W WO2022226971A1 WO 2022226971 A1 WO2022226971 A1 WO 2022226971A1 CN 2021091365 W CN2021091365 W CN 2021091365W WO 2022226971 A1 WO2022226971 A1 WO 2022226971A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end cap
battery cell
tab
insulating member
hole
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/091365
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈文伟
郑于炼
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to JP2022545922A priority Critical patent/JP7449396B2/ja
Priority to CN202180006925.5A priority patent/CN115552702B/zh
Priority to KR1020227025655A priority patent/KR20220149773A/ko
Priority to EP21918108.8A priority patent/EP4106088B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/091365 priority patent/WO2022226971A1/zh
Priority to US17/887,310 priority patent/US11962042B2/en
Publication of WO2022226971A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022226971A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0404—Machines for assembling batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/559—Terminals adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round, elliptic or button cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly, to a battery cell, a manufacturing method and a manufacturing system thereof, a battery, and an electrical device.
  • a rechargeable battery cell which can be called a secondary battery cell, refers to a battery cell that can activate active materials by charging and continue to be used after the battery cell is discharged.
  • Rechargeable battery cells are widely used in electronic devices, such as cell phones, laptop computers, battery cars, electric vehicles, electric planes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy planes, and electric tools, among others.
  • the present application provides a battery cell, a manufacturing method and a manufacturing system thereof, a battery and an electrical device, which can enhance the safety of the battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, including:
  • a housing having an opening
  • the electrode assembly is accommodated in the casing, and the electrode assembly includes a tab part;
  • the end cap assembly includes an end cap and an electrode terminal, the end cap is used to cover the opening, the electrode terminal is mounted on the end cap, and the end cap is provided with a first through hole;
  • a current collecting member for electrically connecting the electrode terminal and the tab portion includes a first connecting portion for connecting the tab portion, and the connection area of the first connecting portion and the tab portion in the thickness direction of the end cap The projection at least partially overlaps the projection of the first through hole in the thickness direction.
  • the connection between the current collecting member and the tab portion can be realized after the end cover is connected to the housing.
  • the electrode assembly is not connected to the current collecting member, so impurities generated in the process of connecting the current collecting member and the electrode terminal are not sputtered onto the electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly is accommodated in the accommodating cavity formed by the casing and the end cap, so the casing and the end cap can act as a barrier and reduce the adhesion of impurities in the environment Risks on electrode assemblies to improve the safety performance of battery cells.
  • the first connecting portion is located on the side of the tab portion facing the end cap, the first connecting portion includes a base portion and a convex portion connected to the base portion, the convex portion protruding relative to a surface of the base portion facing the tab portion.
  • the convex portion is used to connect the tab portion and form a connection area.
  • the protruding portion is used to press against the tab portion, so that the protruding portion and the tab portion are in close contact, and it is convenient for the external device to connect the protruding portion and the tab portion.
  • the base portion is in contact with the tab portion, so as to increase the flow area between the current collecting member and the tab portion and improve the flow capacity.
  • a side of the convex portion facing away from the tab portion has a concave portion that is concave relative to a surface of the base portion facing away from the electrode assembly.
  • the convex portion may be formed by a punching process, and the punched position of the current collecting member forms the concave portion.
  • the battery cell further includes a first insulating member, at least a portion of the first insulating member is received in the recess and covers the connection area.
  • the first insulating member can fix the metal particles generated in the process of connecting the first connection part and the tab part, reducing the risk of the metal particles falling into the electrode assembly.
  • the concave portion can position the first insulating member to facilitate the assembly of the first insulating member; in addition, the concave portion can also provide space for the first insulating member, reducing the space occupied by the current collecting member and the first insulating member in the thickness direction.
  • the battery cell further includes a second insulating member disposed on a side of the first connecting portion away from the tab portion and covering the connecting region.
  • the end cap assembly includes a third insulating member, the third insulating member is disposed on a side of the end cap facing the electrode assembly, and the first connecting portion is located between the third insulating member and the tab portion.
  • the third insulating member has a second through hole, and the projection of the connection region in the thickness direction at least partially overlaps the projection of the second through hole in the thickness direction.
  • the third insulating member is used to separate the electrode assembly from the end cap to reduce the risk of short circuits.
  • the second through hole is used to expose the first connection part, and the external device connects the first connection part and the tab part through the first through hole and the second through hole.
  • the end cap assembly includes a fourth insulating member connected to the third insulating member, the fourth insulating member being disposed on a side of the third insulating member facing away from the electrode assembly and covering the second through hole.
  • the fourth insulating member is used for insulating and isolating the end cap and the first connecting portion, so as to prevent the first connecting portion and the end cap from being connected through the second through hole.
  • the fourth insulating member is received within the first through hole.
  • the first through hole may reserve space for the fourth insulating member, so that the fourth insulating member may have a sufficient thickness to reduce the risk of the fourth insulating member being pierced by impurities.
  • the third insulating member has a first groove recessed relative to a surface of the third insulating member facing the end cap.
  • the second through hole extends from the bottom wall of the first groove in the thickness direction. At least part of the fourth insulating member is received in the first groove and connected to the bottom wall of the first groove.
  • the first groove can play a positioning function to facilitate the assembly of the fourth insulating member.
  • the projection of the connection region in the thickness direction is within the projection of the first through hole in the thickness direction. In this embodiment, there is no need to connect the portion of the first connecting portion that does not overlap with the first through hole in the thickness direction to the tab portion, which can simplify the connection process of the tab portion and the first connecting portion.
  • the first connecting portion is welded to the tab portion and forms a welding area, and the connecting area includes the welding area.
  • the resistance between the first connection part and the tab part is small, which facilitates the transmission of current between the first connection part and the tab part.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a body portion, and the tab portion extends from an end of the body portion proximate the end cap.
  • the main body part is a winding structure and includes a bending area
  • the tab part includes a first part extending from the bending area, and at least part of the first part is connected to the first connecting part.
  • the main body portion further includes a straight area, and two bending areas are respectively connected to two ends of the main body portion.
  • the tab portion also includes a second portion extending from the flat region, at least a portion of the second portion is connected to the first connecting portion.
  • the end cap includes an end cap body and a sealing plate, the end cap body is used for connecting the casing, and the sealing plate is used for sealing the first through hole, so as to ensure the airtightness of the battery cells,
  • the end cap body includes a second groove recessed relative to a surface of the end cap body facing away from the electrode assembly.
  • the first through hole extends from the bottom wall of the second groove in the thickness direction.
  • the sealing plate is at least partially accommodated in the second groove and abuts against the bottom wall of the second groove.
  • the second groove can play a positioning function, which facilitates the assembly of the sealing plate and the main body of the end cap.
  • the second groove can also provide a accommodating space for the sealing plate and reduce the overall size of the end cap in the thickness direction.
  • the surface of the end cap body facing away from the electrode assembly is flush with the surface of the sealing plate facing away from the electrode assembly, so that the sealing plate does not occupy additional space in the thickness direction and improves the energy density of the battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including a case body and a battery cell according to any embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the battery cell is accommodated in the case body.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, including the battery of the second aspect, where the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell, including:
  • An end cap assembly is provided, the end cap assembly includes an end cap and an electrode terminal, the electrode terminal is mounted on the end cap, and the end cap is provided with a first through hole;
  • the current collecting member is used to electrically connect the electrode terminal and the tab portion, the current collecting member includes a first connecting portion for connecting the tab portion, and the projection of the connection area between the first connecting portion and the tab portion in the thickness direction of the end cap At least partially overlaps with the projection of the first through hole in the thickness direction.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a system for manufacturing a battery cell, including:
  • a second providing device for providing the electrode assembly including the tab portion, and placing the electrode assembly into the housing
  • a third providing device is used to provide an end cap assembly, the end cap assembly includes an end cap and an electrode terminal, the electrode terminal is mounted on the end cap, and the end cap is provided with a first through hole;
  • fourth providing means for providing the current collecting member and connecting the current collecting member to the electrode terminal;
  • the current collecting member is used to electrically connect the electrode terminal and the tab portion, the current collecting member includes a first connecting portion for connecting the tab portion, and the projection of the connection area between the first connecting portion and the tab portion in the thickness direction of the end cap At least partially overlaps with the projection of the first through hole in the thickness direction.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 5 taken along line A-A;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 5 taken along line B-B;
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 7 at block C;
  • FIG. 9 is an exploded schematic diagram of an end cap assembly of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a current collecting member of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 8 at the circle frame D;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the tab portion shown in FIG. 12;
  • FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • 15 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of a battery cell manufacturing system provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected” and “attached” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
  • plural refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary battery cells, lithium-ion primary battery cells, lithium-sulfur battery cells, sodium-lithium-ion battery cells, sodium-ion battery cells, or magnesium-ion battery cells, etc., This embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the battery cell may be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells, and soft-pack battery cells, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the batteries mentioned in this application may include battery modules or battery packs, and the like.
  • Batteries typically include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquids or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly includes a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • the battery cell mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector;
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the part of the positive electrode convex part, at least part of the positive electrode convex part is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode convex part is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum
  • the positive electrode active material layer includes a positive electrode active material
  • the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative pole piece includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector;
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the part, at least part of the negative electrode convex part is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode convex part is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper, the negative electrode active material layer includes a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon or the like.
  • the number of positive tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the spacer may be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell further includes a casing and an end cap assembly, the casing is used for accommodating the electrode assembly and has an opening, the end cap assembly includes an end cap and an electrode terminal mounted on the end cap, the end cap is connected to the casing and covers the opening to A accommodating cavity for accommodating the electrode assembly and the electrolyte is formed.
  • the electrode assembly is electrically connected to the electrode terminal through the current collecting member.
  • the electrode assembly is generally connected to the current collecting member first, and then the electrode assembly is put into the case; however, the inventors found that during the process of connecting the electrode assembly and the current collecting member, impurities (especially metal particles) It is easy to attach to the electrode assembly, causing a safety hazard.
  • the battery cell includes: a casing having an opening; an electrode assembly, which is accommodated in the casing, and the electrode assembly includes a tab portion; an end cap assembly, It includes an end cap and an electrode terminal, the end cap is used to cover the opening, the electrode terminal is installed on the end cap, and the end cap is provided with a first through hole; the current collecting member is used for electrically connecting the electrode terminal and the electrode ear portion, and the current collecting member includes For the first connecting portion for connecting the tab portion, the projection of the first connecting portion and the connecting region of the tab portion in the thickness direction of the end cap at least partially overlaps the projection of the first through hole in the thickness direction.
  • a battery cell with this structure can reduce impurities remaining inside it, reducing safety risks.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, and so on.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed Electric toys that are portable or mobile, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembling power tools and railway power tools, such as, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, electric impact drills, concrete vibrators and electric planers, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not impose special restrictions on the above-mentioned electrical device.
  • the electric device is a vehicle as an example for description.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the interior of the vehicle 1 is provided with a battery 2 , and the battery 2 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 2 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 2 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 .
  • the vehicle 1 may also include a controller 3 and a motor 4, and the controller 3 is used to control the battery 2 to supply power to the motor 4, for example, for starting, navigating, and driving the vehicle 1 for work power requirements.
  • the battery 2 can not only be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 1 , but can also be used as the driving power source of the vehicle 1 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 instead of or partially instead of fuel or natural gas.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 2 includes a case 5 and battery cells (not shown in FIG. 2 ), and the battery cells are accommodated in the case 5 .
  • the box body 5 is used for accommodating the battery cells, and the box body 5 can have various structures.
  • the box body 5 may include a first box body part 51 and a second box body part 52, the first box body part 51 and the second box body part 52 are covered with each other, and the first box body part 51 and the second box body part 52 cover each other.
  • the two box parts 52 together define an accommodating space 53 for accommodating battery cells.
  • the second box portion 52 may be a hollow structure with one end open, the first box portion 51 is a plate-like structure, and the first box portion 51 is covered with the opening side of the second box portion 52 to form an accommodating space 53
  • the first box part 51 and the second box part 52 can also be hollow structures with one side open, and the opening side of the first box part 51 is covered with the opening side of the second box part 52 , so as to form the box body 5 with the accommodating space 53 .
  • the first box body portion 51 and the second box body portion 52 may have various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, and the like.
  • a sealing member such as a sealant, a sealing ring, etc., may also be provided between the first case part 51 and the second case part 52 .
  • the first case portion 51 may also be referred to as an upper case cover, and the second case portion 52 may also be referred to as a lower case body.
  • the battery 2 there may be one battery cell or a plurality of battery cells. If there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells can be connected in series or in parallel or in a mixed connection.
  • a mixed connection means that there are both series and parallel connections in the multiple battery cells. Multiple battery cells can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of multiple battery cells can be accommodated in the box 5; of course, multiple battery cells can also be connected in series or in parallel or
  • the battery modules 6 are formed in a mixed connection, and a plurality of battery modules 6 are connected in series or in parallel or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 5 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module shown in FIG. 2 .
  • there are multiple battery cells 7 and the multiple battery cells 7 are first connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a battery module 6 .
  • a plurality of battery modules 6 are connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box.
  • the plurality of battery cells 7 in the battery module 6 can be electrically connected through a bus component, so as to realize parallel connection, series connection or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 7 in the battery module 6 .
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the application
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-section of the battery cell shown in FIG. 5 taken along the line A-A View diagram.
  • the battery cell 7 of the embodiment of the present application includes an electrode assembly 10 , an end cap assembly 30 and a casing 20 .
  • the end cap assembly 30 includes an end cap 31 and an electrode terminal 32 mounted on the end cap 31 .
  • the case 20 has an opening 21 , and the electrode assembly 10 is accommodated in the case 20 .
  • the electrode assembly 10 includes a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • the electrode assembly 10 may be a wound electrode assembly, a laminated electrode assembly, or other forms of electrode assembly.
  • electrode assembly 10 is a wound electrode assembly.
  • the positive pole piece, the negative pole piece and the separator are all strip-shaped structures.
  • the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet can be stacked in sequence and wound for more than two turns to form the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the electrode assembly 10 is a laminated electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly 10 includes a plurality of positive pole pieces and a plurality of negative pole pieces, the positive pole pieces and the negative pole pieces are alternately stacked, and the stacking direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the positive pole pieces and the thickness direction of the negative pole pieces.
  • the electrode assembly 10 includes a main body part 11 and a tab part 12 connected to the main body part 11 .
  • the tab portion 12 extends from an end of the body portion 11 close to the end cap 31 .
  • the two tab portions 12 are respectively defined as a positive tab portion and a negative tab portion.
  • the positive tab portion and the negative tab portion extend from the same end of the main body portion 11 ; in other examples, the positive tab portion and the negative tab portion extend from opposite ends of the main body portion 11 , respectively. out.
  • the main body part 11 is the core part of the electrode assembly 10 to realize the charging and discharging function, and the tab part 12 is used to draw out the current generated by the main body part 11 .
  • the main body portion 11 includes a positive electrode current collector portion of a positive electrode current collector, a positive electrode active material layer, a negative electrode current collector portion of a negative electrode current collector, a negative electrode active material layer, and a separator.
  • the positive electrode tab portion includes a plurality of positive electrode tabs
  • the negative electrode tab portion includes a plurality of negative electrode tabs.
  • the casing 20 is a hollow structure with one side open, and the end cap 31 covers the opening of the casing 20 and forms a sealing connection to form a accommodating cavity for accommodating the electrode assembly 10 and the electrolyte.
  • the housing 20 may have various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, and the like.
  • the shape of the case 20 may be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the end cap 31 can also have various structures, for example, the end cap 31 is a plate-like structure, a hollow structure with one end open, and the like.
  • the casing 20 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure
  • the end cover 31 is a plate-like structure
  • the end cover 31 covers the opening on the top of the casing 20 .
  • two electrode terminals 32 are provided, and the two electrode terminals 32 may be respectively defined as positive electrode terminals and negative electrode terminals.
  • the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal are respectively used for electrical connection with the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece, so as to output the electric energy generated by the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the end cap assembly 30 further includes a pressure relief mechanism 33 mounted on the end cap 31 , and the pressure relief mechanism 33 is used to release the battery cell 7 when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 7 reaches a predetermined value. internal pressure.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 33 is located between the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal, and the pressure relief mechanism 33 may be a component such as an explosion-proof valve, a rupture disk, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve.
  • the housing 20 can also be a hollow structure with two opposite sides open.
  • the end cap assembly 30 includes two end caps 31 , which are respectively closed at the two openings of the casing 20 and sealedly connected to form a accommodating cavity for accommodating the electrode assembly 10 and the electrolyte.
  • the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal may be mounted on the same end cap 31 , with the positive tab portion and the negative tab portion extending from the end of the main body portion 11 close to the end cap 31 .
  • the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal are respectively mounted on the two end caps 31 , and the positive electrode tab portion and the negative electrode tab portion respectively extend from the two ends of the main body portion 11 facing the two end caps 31 . .
  • the electrode assembly 10 accommodated in the case 20 may be one or a plurality of them. Exemplarily, in FIG. 4 , there are two electrode assemblies 10 .
  • the battery cell 7 of the embodiment of the present application is further provided with a current collecting member 40 .
  • the current collecting member 40 is used to electrically connect the electrode terminal 32 and the tab portion 12 .
  • two current collecting members 40 are provided, one current collecting member 40 is used to electrically connect the positive electrode terminal and the positive electrode tab portion, and the other current collecting member 40 is used to electrically connect the negative electrode terminal and the negative electrode tab portion.
  • the current collecting member 40 includes a first connection part 41 and a second connection part 42 , the first connection part 41 is used for connecting the tab part 12 , and the second connection part 42 is used for connecting the electrode terminal 32 .
  • the first connecting portion 41 is located on the side of the tab portion 12 facing the end cap 31 .
  • the end cap 31 is provided with a terminal hole 315 , and the terminal hole 315 penetrates the end cap 31 along the thickness direction of the end cap 31 .
  • the electrode terminal 32 is disposed on the side of the end cap 31 away from the electrode assembly 10 and covers the terminal hole 315 .
  • the second connection portion 42 protrudes from the first connection portion 41 and extends into the terminal hole 315 to be connected to the electrode terminal 32 .
  • a side of the second connecting portion 42 facing away from the electrode terminal 32 has a cavity.
  • the current collecting member 40 may be formed by stamping a metal plate.
  • the second connection portion 42 is fixed to the electrode terminal 32 by welding, riveting, bonding or other means.
  • the inventor tried to connect the electrode assembly to the first connection part of the current collecting member first, then connect the second connection part of the current collecting member to the electrode terminal of the end cap assembly, and then connect the The electrode assembly is put into the casing, and finally the casing and the end cap are connected to achieve sealing.
  • impurities especially metal particles
  • impurities may puncture the separator and conduct the positive and negative pole pieces, thus causing a safety risk.
  • the applicant improves the structure of the battery cell, which will be described in detail below with reference to different embodiments.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 5 taken along line B-B;
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 7 at block C;
  • FIG. 9 is a battery provided by some embodiments of the application An exploded schematic diagram of the end cap assembly of a cell;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a current collecting member of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the application;
  • FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the battery cell shown in FIG. 8 at the circle frame D .
  • the end cap 31 is provided with a first through hole 311 .
  • the first through hole 311 penetrates through the end cap 31 along the thickness direction Z of the end cap 31 .
  • the first connection portion 41 is connected to the tab portion 12 and forms a connection area W. That is, in the connection region W, the first connection portion 41 and the tab portion 12 are connected to each other.
  • the connection area W is used to realize current transmission between the first connection portion 41 and the tab portion 12 .
  • connection region W of the first connection portion 41 and the tab portion 12 in the thickness direction Z of the end cap 31 at least partially overlaps the projection of the first through hole 311 in the thickness direction Z.
  • projection of the connection area W on the thickness direction Z refers to the orthographic projection of the connection area W on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction Z
  • the projection of the first through hole 311 on the thickness direction Z refers to the An orthographic projection of a through hole 311 in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction Z.
  • the battery cell 7 of the present application may be assembled according to the following steps: putting the electrode assembly 10 into the case 20 through the opening of the case 20 ; connecting the second connection portion 42 of the current collecting member 40 to the case 20 ; The electrode terminal 32 of the end cap assembly 30; the end cap 31 of the end cap assembly 30 is closed to the opening of the casing 20 and the end cap 31 and the casing 20 are connected; The member 40 and the tab portion 12 are connected and form a connection area W; the first through hole 311 of the end cap 31 is sealed.
  • the connection between the current collecting member 40 and the tab portion 12 can be realized after the end cover 31 is connected to the housing 20 .
  • the electrode assembly 10 is not connected to the current collecting member 40, so impurities generated during the process of connecting the current collecting member 40 and the electrode terminal 32 will not be sputtered on the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the electrode assembly 10 When connecting the first connecting portion 41 of the current collecting member 40 and the tab portion 12, the electrode assembly 10 is accommodated in the accommodating cavity formed by the casing 20 and the end cap 31, so the casing 20 and the end cap 31 can act as a barrier It can reduce the risk of impurities in the environment adhering to the electrode assembly 10 and improve the safety performance of the battery cell 7 .
  • the first through hole 311 can expose at least part of the first connecting part 41 , and external devices can connect the first connecting part 41 and the tab part 12 via the first through hole 311 .
  • the projection of the connection region W of the first connection portion 41 and the tab portion 12 in the thickness direction Z and the projection of the first through hole 311 in the thickness direction Z are at least at least Partially overlapping.
  • the first connecting portion 41 and the tab portion 12 can be connected in various ways.
  • the first connecting portion 41 is welded to the tab portion 12 and forms a welding area, and the connecting area W includes the welding area. In the welding area, the resistance between the first connecting portion 41 and the tab portion 12 is relatively small, which facilitates the transmission of current between the first connecting portion 41 and the tab portion 12 .
  • the laser passes through the first through hole 311 and acts on the first connecting part 41 , and a part of the first connecting part 41 is melted and welded with the tab part 12 to form a welding area.
  • the first connecting portion 41 and the tab portion 12 are welded by the laser from the side of the first connecting portion 41 , and the first connecting portion 41 can block metal particles generated by welding and reduce the risk of metal particles sputtering onto the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the emission direction of the laser light is parallel to the thickness direction Z.
  • the first connection portion 41 is bonded to the tab portion 12 and forms a bonding area, and the connection area W includes the bonding area.
  • the first connection portion 41 may be adhered to the tab portion 12 by conductive glue, and the conductive glue can reduce resistance and facilitate the transmission of current between the first connection portion 41 and the tab portion 12 .
  • the first connecting portion 41 is provided with a plurality of slits (not shown) passing through.
  • the external device coats the conductive glue on the first connection part 41 through the first through hole 311 , and the conductive glue flows between the first connection part 41 and the tab part 12 through these gaps, so as to connect the first connection part 41 and the tab part 12 .
  • Part 12 is glued.
  • the first connecting portion 41 is crimped to the tab portion 12 to form a crimping area, and the connecting area W includes a crimping area. In the crimping region, the first connecting portion 41 presses the tab portion 12 tightly to keep the first connecting portion 41 in contact with the tab portion 12 , thereby reducing the resistance between the first connecting portion 41 and the tab portion 12 It is small, which facilitates the transmission of current between the first connection part 41 and the tab part 12 .
  • the external device places a support (not shown) between the end cap 31 and the first connection part 41 through the first through hole 311 , and the support is forced against the first connection part 41 to make the first connection
  • the portion 41 is crimped to the tab portion 12 .
  • first connecting portion 41 and the tab portion 12 may also be connected by riveting or other methods.
  • the projection of the connection region W on the thickness direction Z is located within the projection of the first through hole 311 on the thickness direction Z. That is to say, in this embodiment, it is not necessary to connect the portion of the first connecting portion 41 that does not overlap with the first through hole 311 in the thickness direction Z to the tab portion 12 , which can simplify the tab portion 12 and the first connecting portion 41 . connection process. Taking the welding process as an example, when welding the tab portion 12 and the first connecting portion 41 , the emission direction of the laser light may be parallel to the thickness direction Z.
  • the first connection part 41 is located on the side of the tab part 12 facing the end cap 31 , the first connection part 41 includes a base part 411 and a convex part 412 connected to the base part 411 , and the convex part 412 is opposite to the base part 411 .
  • the surface facing the tab portion 12 is convex.
  • the protruding portion 412 is used to connect the tab portion 12 and form the connecting area W.
  • the protruding portion 412 is used for pressing against the tab portion 12 , so that the protruding portion 412 and the tab portion 12 are in close contact, and it is convenient for external equipment to connect the protruding portion 412 and the tab portion 12 .
  • the current collecting member 40 is disposed between the tab portion 12 and the end cap assembly 30 in an interference fit manner, and the end cap assembly 30 presses the current collecting member 40 downwardly so that the The protruding portion 412 is pressed against the tab portion 12 .
  • the protruding portion 412 is pressed against the tab portion 12 .
  • the risk of false welding can be reduced, and the connection strength between the protruding portion 412 and the tab portion 12 can be improved.
  • the base 411 is generally flat.
  • the number of the protrusions 412 is the same as the number of the electrode assemblies 10 of the battery cell 7 .
  • there are two protruding parts 412 and the base part 411 connects the two protruding parts 412 to the second connecting part 42 .
  • the base portion 411 is in contact with the tab portion 12 to increase the flow area between the current collecting member 40 and the tab portion 12 and improve the flow capacity.
  • the protruding portion 412 presses the tab portion 12 to partially recess the tab portion 12 , so the base portion 411 and the protruding portion 412 can be in contact with the tab portion 12 at the same time.
  • a side of the convex portion 412 facing away from the tab portion 12 has a concave portion 413 , and the concave portion 413 is recessed relative to the surface of the base portion 411 facing away from the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the convex portion 412 may be formed by a punching process, and the concave portion 413 is formed at the punched position of the current collecting member 40 .
  • the battery cell further includes a first insulating member 34 , at least a part of which is accommodated in the concave portion 413 and covers the connection area W.
  • a first insulating member 34 As shown in FIG. After the first connection portion 41 is connected to the tab portion 12, some impurities may remain on the surface of the connection region W; taking the welding process as an example, after the welding is completed, some metal particles will remain on the surface of the connection region W. These metal particles It may fall into the electrode assembly 10 and cause a risk of short circuit. In the embodiment of the present application, the metal particles are fixed by disposing the first insulating member 34 to reduce the risk of the metal particles falling into the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the recessed portion 413 can position the first insulating member 34 to facilitate the assembly of the first insulating member 34 ; in addition, the recessed portion 413 can also provide space for the first insulating member 34 to reduce the thickness of the current collecting member 40 and the first insulating member 34 The space occupied in the direction Z.
  • the first insulating member 34 is cured from insulating colloid. Specifically, after connecting the first connecting portion 41 to the tab portion 12 , the external device drips insulating colloid into the concave portion 413 through the first through hole 311 , and the insulating colloid is cured to form the first insulating member 34 covering the connecting region W .
  • the first insulating member 34 is an insulating patch. Specifically, after connecting the first connection part 41 to the tab part 12 , the external device puts the insulating patch into the concave part 413 via the first through hole 311 and bonds the insulating patch on the convex part 412 .
  • the projection of the first insulating member 34 in the thickness direction Z is located within the projection of the first through hole 311 in the thickness direction Z.
  • the projection of the first insulating member 34 on the thickness direction Z is the orthographic projection of the first insulating member 34 on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction Z.
  • the first insulating member 34 is completely received within the recess 413 .
  • the battery cell further includes a second insulating member (not shown) disposed on a side of the first insulating member 34 away from the connection area W and covering the connection area W.
  • the first insulating member 34 and the second insulating member can function as a double layer of protection to reduce the risk of impurities entering the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the end cap assembly 30 includes a third insulating member 35 disposed on a side of the end cap 31 facing the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the third insulating member 35 is used to separate the electrode assembly 10 and the end cap 31 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the third insulating member 35 is fixed to the surface of the end cap 31 facing the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the material of the third insulating member 35 is plastic.
  • the first connection portion 41 is located between the third insulating member 35 and the tab portion 12 .
  • the third insulating member 35 has a second through hole 351 , and the second through hole 351 penetrates through the third insulating member 35 in the thickness direction Z. As shown in FIG.
  • the projection of the connection region W in the thickness direction Z at least partially overlaps the projection of the second through hole 351 in the thickness direction Z.
  • the second through hole 351 is used to expose the first connection part 41 , and the external device connects the first connection part 41 and the tab part 12 through the first through hole 311 and the second through hole 351 .
  • the projection of the second through hole 351 in the thickness direction Z is located within the projection of the first through hole 311 in the thickness direction Z. In some embodiments, the projection of the first insulating member 34 in the thickness direction Z is located within the projection of the second through hole 351 in the thickness direction Z.
  • the end cap assembly 30 includes a fourth insulating member 36 connected to the third insulating member 35, and the fourth insulating member 36 is disposed on a side of the third insulating member 35 facing away from the electrode assembly 10 and covers the second pass through hole 351.
  • the fourth insulating member 36 is used to insulate and separate the end cap 31 from the first connecting portion 41 , so as to prevent the first connecting portion 41 and the end cap 31 from being connected through the second through hole 351 .
  • the fourth insulating member 36 is an insulating patch and is bonded to the third insulating member 35 .
  • the first connecting portion 41 is first connected to the tab portion 12 through the first through hole 311 and the second through hole 351, and then through the first through hole 311 and the second through hole 351.
  • the first insulating member 34 is placed in the through hole 351 to cover the connection area W, and then the fourth insulating member 36 is placed through the first through hole 311 to cover the second through hole 351 .
  • the projection of the fourth insulating member 36 in the thickness direction Z is located within the projection of the first through hole 311 in the thickness direction Z.
  • the fourth insulating member 36 is received within the first through hole 311 .
  • the first through hole 311 can reserve space for the fourth insulating member 36 , so that the fourth insulating member 36 can have a sufficient thickness to reduce the risk of the fourth insulating member 36 being pierced by impurities.
  • the fourth insulating member 36 is integrally located within the first through hole 311 .
  • the surface of the third insulating member 35 facing the end cap 31 is attached to the end cap 31 , and the fourth insulating member 36 may be adhered to the surface of the third insulating member 35 facing the end cap 31 .
  • the third insulating member 35 has a first groove 352 , and the first groove 352 is recessed relative to a surface of the third insulating member 35 facing the end cap 31 .
  • the second through hole 351 extends from the bottom wall of the first groove 352 in the thickness direction Z and penetrates the third insulating member 35 .
  • At least part of the fourth insulating member 36 is accommodated in the first groove 352 and connected to the bottom wall of the first groove 352 .
  • the first grooves 352 can play a positioning function to facilitate the assembly of the fourth insulating member 36 .
  • the first groove 352 may also reserve space for the fourth insulating member 36, so that the fourth insulating member 36 may have a sufficient thickness to reduce the risk of the fourth insulating member 36 being punctured by impurities.
  • the fourth insulating member 36 is entirely located within the first groove 352 .
  • a part of the fourth insulating member 36 is accommodated in the first through hole 311 , and another part of the fourth insulating member 36 is accommodated in the first groove 352 , which can be reserved for the fourth insulating member 36 more space.
  • the end cap 31 includes an end cap body 312 and a sealing plate 313 .
  • the end cap body 312 is used for connecting to the casing 20 and covering the opening of the casing 20 .
  • the first through hole 311 penetrates through the end cap body 312 along the thickness direction Z.
  • the sealing plate 313 is used for sealing the first through holes 311 to ensure the sealing of the battery cells 7 .
  • the end cap body 312 includes a second groove 314 that is recessed relative to a surface of the end cap body 312 facing away from the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the first through hole 311 extends from the bottom wall of the second groove 314 along the thickness direction Z to penetrate through the end cap body 312 .
  • the sealing plate 313 is at least partially accommodated in the second groove 314 and abuts against the bottom wall of the second groove 314 .
  • the second groove 314 can play a positioning function to facilitate the assembly of the sealing plate 313 and the end cap body 312 .
  • the second groove 314 can also provide a accommodating space for the sealing plate 313 to reduce the overall size of the end cap 31 in the thickness direction Z. As shown in FIG. Exemplarily, the peripheral edge of the sealing plate 313 is welded to the side wall of the second groove 314 .
  • the surface of the end cap body 312 facing away from the electrode assembly 10 is flush with the surface of the sealing plate 313 facing away from the electrode assembly 10 , so that the sealing plate 313 does not take up additional space in the thickness direction Z and improves the battery cell performance. 7 energy density.
  • the sealing plate 313 includes a first sealing portion 313a and a second sealing portion 313b, the first sealing portion 313a is received in the second groove 314 and welded to the end cap body 312, and the second sealing portion 313b It is connected to the first sealing portion 313 a and accommodated in the first through hole 311 .
  • the second sealing portion 313 b presses the fourth insulating member 36 , so that the fourth insulating member 36 is in close contact with the third insulating member 35 .
  • the battery cell 7 of the present application can be assembled according to the following steps:
  • the laser acts on the first connection part 41 via the first through hole 311 and the second through hole 351 to connect the first connection part 41 and the tab part 12 and form the connection area W;
  • Insulating colloid is dropped into the concave portion 413 of the first connecting portion 41 through the first through hole 311 and the second through hole 351, and the insulating colloid is cured to form the first insulating member 34 covering the connecting region W;
  • the sealing plate 313 is welded to the end cap body 312 to seal the first through hole 311 .
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of the tab portion shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the main body portion 11 of the embodiment of the present application is a winding structure and includes a bending region 111 .
  • the bending area 111 is the area where the main body 11 has a bending structure, and the part of the positive pole piece located in the bending area 111 and the part of the negative pole piece located in the bending area 111 are both bent and arranged.
  • the part of the positive pole piece located in the bending region 111 and the part of the negative pole piece located in the bending region 111 are both arc-shaped.
  • the tab portion 12 includes a first portion 121 extending from the bending region 111 , and at least part of the first portion 121 is connected to the first connecting portion 41 .
  • the first portion 121 includes a plurality of tab bending portions 121a, and the plurality of tab bending portions 121a are stacked.
  • the tab bending portion 121a of the first portion 121 of the positive tab portion is the portion of the positive tab that is connected to the bending region 111
  • the tab bending portion 121a of the first portion 121 of the negative tab portion is the negative tab. is connected to the bending area 111 part.
  • the plurality of tab bending portions 121 a may be reduced by rolling the plurality of tab bending portions 121 a to make the plurality of tab bending portions 121 a close to each other to reduce the gap between the tab bending portions 121 a.
  • One end of the plurality of tab bending portions 121 a away from the bending region 111 approximately forms a dense end surface, which is the surface of the first portion 121 for connecting to the first connecting portion 41 .
  • the embodiment of the present application can ensure the connection strength between the first connection part 41 and the first part 121, and reduce the risk of burning the electrode assembly 10 due to laser leakage. risk.
  • the electrode assembly 10 is flat.
  • the main body portion 11 further includes a straight area 112 , and two bending areas 111 are respectively connected to two ends of the main body portion 11 .
  • the flat region 112 is the region where the electrode assembly 10 has a flat structure, and the portion of the positive electrode piece located in the flat region 112 and the portion of the negative electrode piece located in the flat region 112 are substantially flat.
  • the tab portion 12 further includes a second portion 122 extending from the flat region 112 , and at least part of the second portion 122 is connected to the first connecting portion 41 .
  • the second portion 122 includes a plurality of tab straight portions 122a, and a plurality of tab bent portions 121a are stacked.
  • the tab straight portion 122a of the second portion 122 of the positive tab portion is the portion of the positive tab connected to the flat region 112
  • the tab straight portion 122a of the second portion 122 of the negative tab portion is the negative electrode The portion of the tab that is connected to the flat region 112 .
  • the plurality of tab straight portions 122a may be reduced by rolling the plurality of tab straight portions 122a so as to be close to each other to reduce the gap between the tab straight portions 122a.
  • One end of the plurality of tab straight portions 122 a away from the straight region 112 approximately forms a dense end surface, which is the surface of the second portion 122 for connecting to the first connecting portion 41 .
  • the embodiment of the present application can ensure the connection strength between the first connection part 41 and the second part 122, and reduce the burn of the electrode assembly due to laser leakage 10 risk.
  • the size of the tab portion protruding from the main body portion is relatively large, and the space occupied by the tab portion is reduced by bending.
  • the end of the tab portion 12 away from the main body portion 11 is connected to the first connecting portion 41 , and the size of the tab portion 12 protruding from the main body portion 11 is relatively small, so the tab portion 12 does not need to be bent as a whole, thereby reducing the need for The space occupied by the tab portion 12 is reduced to provide energy density.
  • FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell further includes a second insulating member 37 .
  • the second insulating member 37 is disposed on a side of the first connecting portion 41 away from the tab portion 12 and covers the connecting region W.
  • the second insulating member 37 is an insulating patch and is adhered to a surface of the first connecting portion 41 facing away from the tab portion 12 .
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the manufacturing method of the battery cell of the embodiment of the present application includes:
  • the end cap assembly includes an end cap and an electrode terminal, the electrode terminal is mounted on the end cap, and the end cap is provided with a first through hole;
  • the current collecting member is used to electrically connect the electrode terminal and the tab portion, the current collecting member includes a first connecting portion for connecting the tab portion, and the projection of the connection area between the first connecting portion and the tab portion in the thickness direction of the end cap At least partially overlaps with the projection of the first through hole in the thickness direction.
  • step S100 and step S300 is not sequential, and may be executed simultaneously.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of a manufacturing system of a battery cell 7 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the manufacturing system 8 of the battery cell includes: a first providing device 81 for providing a case, the case having an opening; a second providing device 82 for providing a tab portion including a tab portion and put the electrode assembly into the casing; the third providing device 83 is used to provide an end cap assembly, the end cap assembly includes an end cap and an electrode terminal, the electrode terminal is mounted on the end cap, and the end cap is provided with a first pass through holes; fourth providing means 84 for providing the current collecting member and connecting the current collecting member to the electrode terminals; assembling means 85 for using the end cap to cover the opening.
  • the current collecting member is used to electrically connect the electrode terminal and the tab portion, the current collecting member includes a first connecting portion for connecting the tab portion, and the projection of the connection area between the first connecting portion and the tab portion in the thickness direction of the end cap At least partially overlaps with the projection of the first through hole in the thickness direction.

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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置。本申请实施例的电池单体包括：壳体，具有开口；电极组件，容纳于壳体内，电极组件包括极耳部；端盖组件，包括端盖和电极端子，端盖用于盖合开口，电极端子安装于端盖，端盖设有第一通孔；集流构件，用于电连接电极端子和极耳部，集流构件包括用于连接极耳部的第一连接部，第一连接部和极耳部的连接区域在端盖的厚度方向上的投影与第一通孔在厚度方向上的投影至少部分重叠。本申请能够在装配过程中减少附着在电极组件上的杂质，提高电池单体的安全性能。

Description

电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置。
背景技术
可再充电电池单体，可以称为二次电池单体，是指在电池单体放电后可通过充电的方式使活性物质激活而继续使用的电池单体。可再充电电池单体广泛用于电子设备，例如手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具等等。
在电池技术的发展中，除了提高电池单体的性能外，安全问题也是一个不可忽视的问题。如果电池单体的安全问题不能保证，那该电池单体就无法使用。因此，如何增强电池单体的安全性，是电池技术中一个亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池单体及其制造方法和制造系统、电池以及用电装置，能够增强电池单体的安全性。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体，包括：
壳体，具有开口；
电极组件，容纳于壳体内，电极组件包括极耳部；
端盖组件，包括端盖和电极端子，端盖用于盖合开口，电极端子安装于端盖，端盖设有第一通孔；
集流构件，用于电连接电极端子和极耳部，集流构件包括用于连接极耳部的第一连接部，第一连接部和极耳部的连接区域在端盖的厚度方向上的投影与第一通孔在厚度方向上的投影至少部分重叠。
上述方案中，本申请实施例通过在端盖上开设第一通孔，可以在端盖连接到壳体后实现集流构件和极耳部的连接。在连接集流构件与电极端子时，电极组件未连接到集流构件上，所以在连接集流构件与电极端子的过程中产生的杂质不会溅射到电极组件上。在连接集流构件的第一连接部和极耳部时，电极组件容纳在壳体和端盖所形成的容纳腔内，所以壳体和端盖可以起到阻隔作用，减少环境中的杂质附着在电极组件上的风险，提高电池单体的安全性能。
在一些实施例中，第一连接部位于极耳部面向端盖的一侧，第一连接部包括基 部和连接于基部的凸部，凸部相对于基部的面向极耳部的表面凸出。凸部用于连接极耳部并形成连接区域。凸部用于抵压在极耳部上，以使凸部和极耳部紧密接触，便于外部设备将凸部和极耳部连接。
在一些实施例中，基部与极耳部接触，以增大集流构件与极耳部之间的过流面积，提高过流能力。
在一些实施例中，凸部背离极耳部的一侧具有凹部，凹部相对于基部的背离电极组件的表面凹陷。凸部可以通过冲压工艺形成，集流构件的被冲压的位置形成凹部。
在一些实施例中，电池单体还包括第一绝缘构件，第一绝缘构件的至少部分容纳于凹部内并覆盖连接区域。第一绝缘构件能够固定在连接第一连接部和极耳部的过程中产生的金属颗粒，降低金属颗粒掉落到电极组件中的风险。凹部可以对第一绝缘构件进行定位，便于第一绝缘构件的装配；另外，凹部还能够为第一绝缘构件提供空间，减小集流构件和第一绝缘构件在厚度方向上占用的空间。
在一些实施例中，电池单体还包括第二绝缘构件，第二绝缘构件设置于第一连接部的背离极耳部的一侧并覆盖连接区域。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件包括第三绝缘构件，第三绝缘构件设置于端盖的面向电极组件的一侧，第一连接部位于第三绝缘构件和极耳部之间。第三绝缘构件具有第二通孔，连接区域在厚度方向上的投影与第二通孔在厚度方向上的投影至少部分重叠。第三绝缘构件用于将电极组件和端盖隔开，以降低短路风险。第二通孔用于将第一连接部露出，外部设备通过第一通孔和第二通孔将第一连接部和极耳部连接。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件包括连接于第三绝缘构件的第四绝缘构件，第四绝缘构件设置于第三绝缘构件的背离电极组件的一侧并覆盖第二通孔。第四绝缘构件用于将端盖和第一连接部绝缘隔开，避免第一连接部和端盖通过第二通孔导通。
在一些实施例中，第四绝缘构件的至少部分容纳于第一通孔内。第一通孔可以为第四绝缘构件预留空间，这样，第四绝缘构件可以具有足够的厚度，降低第四绝缘构件被杂质刺破的风险。
在一些实施例中，第三绝缘构件具有第一凹槽，第一凹槽相对于第三绝缘构件的面向端盖的表面凹陷。第二通孔从第一凹槽的底壁沿厚度方向延伸。第四绝缘构件的至少部分容纳于第一凹槽并连接于第一凹槽的底壁。第一凹槽可以起到定位作用，便于第四绝缘构件的装配。
在一些实施例中，连接区域在厚度方向上的投影位于第一通孔在厚度方向上的投影内。本实施例无需将第一连接部的不与第一通孔在厚度方向上重叠的部分连接到极耳部，这样可以简化极耳部和第一连接部的连接工艺。
在一些实施例中，第一连接部焊接于极耳部并形成焊接区域，连接区域包括焊接区域。在焊接区域，第一连接部和极耳部之间的电阻较小，有助于电流在第一连接部和极耳部之间的传输。
在一些实施例中，电极组件还包括主体部，极耳部从主体部的靠近端盖的一端延伸。主体部为卷绕结构且包括弯折区，极耳部包括从弯折区延伸的第一部分，第一部分的至少部分连接于第一连接部。
在一些实施例中，主体部还包括平直区，弯折区为两个且分别连接于主体部的两端。极耳部还包括从平直区延伸的第二部分，第二部分的至少部分连接于第一连接部。
在一些实施例中，端盖包括端盖主体和密封板，端盖主体用于连接壳体，密封板用于密封第一通孔，以保证电池单体的密封性，
在一些实施例中，端盖主体包括第二凹槽，第二凹槽相对于端盖主体的背离电极组件的表面凹陷。第一通孔从第二凹槽的底壁沿厚度方向延伸。密封板至少部分容纳于第二凹槽内并抵接于第二凹槽的底壁。第二凹槽可以起到定位作用，便于密封板与端盖主体的装配。第二凹槽还能够为密封板提供容纳空间，减小端盖在厚度方向的整体尺寸。
在一些实施例中，端盖主体的背离电极组件的表面与密封板的背离电极组件的表面齐平，这样可以使密封板不在厚度方向上额外占用空间，提高电池单体的能量密度。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池，包括箱体和第一方面任一实施例的电池单体，电池单体容纳于箱体内。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用电装置，包括第二方面的电池，电池用于提供电能。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体的制造方法，包括：
提供壳体，壳体具有开口；
提供包括极耳部的电极组件，并将电极组件放入壳体内；
提供端盖组件，端盖组件包括端盖和电极端子，电极端子安装于端盖，端盖设有第一通孔；
提供集流构件，并将集流构件连接于电极端子；
将端盖用于盖合开口；
集流构件用于电连接电极端子和极耳部，集流构件包括用于连接极耳部的第一连接部，第一连接部和极耳部的连接区域在端盖的厚度方向上的投影与第一通孔在厚度方向上的投影至少部分重叠。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体的制造系统，包括：
第一提供装置，用于提供壳体，壳体具有开口；
第二提供装置，用于提供包括极耳部的电极组件，并将电极组件放入壳体内；
第三提供装置，用于提供端盖组件，端盖组件包括端盖和电极端子，电极端子安装于端盖，端盖设有第一通孔；
第四提供装置，用于提供集流构件，并将集流构件连接于电极端子；
组装装置，用于将端盖用于盖合开口；
集流构件用于电连接电极端子和极耳部，集流构件包括用于连接极耳部的第一连接部，第一连接部和极耳部的连接区域在端盖的厚度方向上的投影与第一通孔在厚度方向上的投影至少部分重叠。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸示意图；
图3为图2所示的电池模块的结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的俯视示意图；
图6为图5所示的电池单体沿线A-A作出的剖视示意图；
图7为图5所示的电池单体沿线B-B作出的剖视示意图；
图8为图7所示的电池单体在方框C处的放大示意图；
图9为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的端盖组件的爆炸示意图；
图10为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的集流构件的结构示意图；
图11为图8所示的电池单体在圆框D处的放大示意图；
图12为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的电极组件的结构示意图；
图13为图12所示的极耳部的结构示意图；
图14为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池单体的局部剖视示意图；
图15为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造方法的流程示意图；
图16为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造系统的示意性框图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定 均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解质，电极组件包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离件。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面；正极集流体包括正极集流部和凸出于正极集流部的正极凸部，正极集流部涂覆有正极活性物质层，正极凸部的至少部分未涂覆正极活性物质层，正极凸部作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质层包括正极活性物质，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面；负极集流体包括负极集流部和凸出于负极集流部的负极凸部，负极集流部涂覆有负极活性物质层，负极凸部的至少部分未涂覆负极活性物质层，负极凸部作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质层包括负极活性物质，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离件的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池单体还包括壳体和端盖组件，壳体用于容纳电极组件且具有开口，端盖组件包括端盖和安装于端盖上的电极端子，端盖连接于壳体并盖合开口以形成用于容纳电极组件和电解质的容纳腔。在一般的电池单体中，电极组件通过集流构件电连接到电极端子。在相关技术中，一般先将电极组件连接到集流构件，再将电极组件放入壳体内；然而，发明人发现，在连接电极组件和集流构件的过程中，杂质(特别是金属颗粒)容易附着到电极组件上，引发安全隐患。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种技术方案，在该技术方案中，电池单体包括：壳体，具有开口；电极组件，容纳于壳体内，电极组件包括极耳部；端盖组件，包括端盖和电极端子，端盖用于盖合开口，电极端子安装于端盖，端盖设有第一通孔；集流构件，用于电连接电极端子和极耳部，集流构件包括用于连接极耳部的第一连接部，第一连接部和极耳部的连接区域在端盖的厚度方向上的投影与第一通孔在厚度方向上的投影至少部分重叠。具有这种结构的电池单体能够减少残留在其内部的杂质，降低安全风险。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电装置
用电装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电装置不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电装置为车辆为例进行说明。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图。如图1所示，车辆1的内部设置有电池2，电池2可以设置在车辆1的底部或头部或尾部。电池2可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池2可以作为车辆1的操作电源。
车辆1还可以包括控制器3和马达4，控制器3用来控制电池2为马达4供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池2不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸示意图。如图2所示，电池2包括箱体5和电池单体(图2未示出)，电池单体容纳于箱体5内。
箱体5用于容纳电池单体，箱体5可以是多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体5可以包括第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52，第一箱体部51与第二箱体部52相互盖合，第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52共同限定出用于容纳电池单体的容纳空间53。第二箱体部52可以是一端开口的空心结构，第一箱体部51为板状结构，第一箱体部51盖合于第二箱体部52的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间53的箱体5；第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52也均可以是一侧开口的空心结构，第一箱体部51的开口侧盖合于第二箱体部 52的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间53的箱体5。当然，第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
为提高第一箱体部51与第二箱体部52连接后的密封性，第一箱体部51与第二箱体部52之间也可以设置密封件，比如，密封胶、密封圈等。
假设第一箱体部51盖合于第二箱体部52的顶部，第一箱体部51亦可称之为上箱盖，第二箱体部52亦可称之为下箱体。
在电池2中，电池单体可以是一个，也可以是多个。若电池单体为多个，多个电池单体之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体构成的整体容纳于箱体5内；当然，也可以是多个电池单体先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块6，多个电池模块6再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体5内。
图3为图2所示的电池模块的结构示意图。如图3所示，在一些实施例中，电池单体7为多个，多个电池单体7先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块6。多个电池模块6再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体内。
电池模块6中的多个电池单体7之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现电池模块6中的多个电池单体7的并联或串联或混联。
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸示意图；图5为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的俯视示意图；图6为图5所示的电池单体沿线A-A作出的剖视示意图。
如图4至图6所示，本申请实施例的电池单体7包括电极组件10、端盖组件30和壳体20。端盖组件30包括端盖31和安装于端盖31的电极端子32。壳体20具有开口21，电极组件10容纳于壳体20内。
电极组件10包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离件。电极组件10可以是卷绕式电极组件、叠片式电极组件或其它形式的电极组件。
在一些实施例中，电极组件10为卷绕式电极组件。正极极片、负极极片和隔离件均为带状结构。本申请实施例可以将正极极片、隔离件以及负极极片依次层叠并卷绕两圈以上形成电极组件10。
在另一些实施例中，电极组件10为叠片式电极组件。具体地，电极组件10包括多个正极极片和多个负极极片，正极极片和负极极片交替层叠，层叠的方向平行于正极极片的厚度方向和负极极片的厚度方向。
从电极组件10的外形来看，电极组件10包括主体部11和连接于主体部11的极耳部12。示例性地，极耳部12从主体部11的靠近端盖31的一端延伸。
在一些实施例中，极耳部12为两个，两个极耳部12分别定义为正极极耳部和负极极耳部。在一些示例中，正极极耳部和负极极耳部从主体部11的同一端延伸出；在另一些示例中，正极极耳部和负极极耳部分别从主体部11的相反的两端延伸出。
主体部11为电极组件10实现充放电功能的核心部分，极耳部12用于将主体部11产生的电流引出。主体部11包括正极集流体的正极集流部、正极活性物质层、负极集流体的负极集流部、负极活性物质层以及隔离件。正极极耳部包括多个正极极耳， 负极极耳部包括多个负极极耳。
壳体20为一侧开口的空心结构，端盖31盖合于壳体20的开口处并形成密封连接，以形成用于容纳电极组件10和电解质的容纳腔。
壳体20可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。壳体20的形状可根据电极组件10的具体形状来确定。比如，若电极组件10为圆柱体结构，则可选用为圆柱体壳体；若电极组件10为长方体结构，则可选用长方体壳体。当然，端盖31也可以是多种结构，比如，端盖31为板状结构、一端开口的空心结构等。示例性的，在图4中，壳体20为长方体结构，端盖31为板状结构，端盖31盖合于壳体20顶部的开口处。
在一些实施例中，电极端子32设置为两个，两个电极端子32可分别定义为正极电极端子和负极电极端子。正极电极端子和负极电极端子分别用于与正极极片和负极极片电连接，以输出电极组件10所产生的电能。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件30还包括安装于端盖31上的泄压机构33，泄压机构33用于在电池单体7的内部压力或温度达到预定值时泄放电池单体7内部的压力。示例性的，泄压机构33位于正极电极端子和负极电极端子之间，泄压机构33可以是诸如防爆阀、防爆片、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等部件。
在一些实施例中，壳体20也可为相对的两侧开口的空心结构。端盖组件30包括两个端盖31，两个端盖31分别盖合于壳体20的两个开口处并密封连接，以形成用于容纳电极组件10和电解质的容纳腔。在一些示例中，正极电极端子和负极电极端子可安装在同一个端盖31上，正极极耳部和负极极耳部从主体部11的靠近该端盖31的一端延伸。在另一些示例中，正极电极端子和负极电极端子分别安装在两个端盖31上，正极极耳部和负极极耳部分别从主体部11的面向这两个端盖31的两端延伸出。
在电池单体7中，容纳于壳体20内的电极组件10可以是一个，也可以是多个。示例性的，在图4中，电极组件10为两个。
为了便于将电极组件10的电流引出到电极端子32，本申请实施例的电池单体7还设置有集流构件40。集流构件40用于电连接电极端子32和极耳部12。示例性地，集流构件40设置为两个，一个集流构件40用于电连接正极电极端子和正极极耳部，另一个集流构件40用于电连接负极电极端子和负极极耳部。
在一些实施例中，集流构件40包括第一连接部41和第二连接部42，第一连接部41用于连接极耳部12，第二连接部42用于连接电极端子32。示例性地，第一连接部41位于极耳部12的面向端盖31的一侧。
在一些实施例中，端盖31设置有端子孔315，端子孔315沿端盖31的厚度方向贯通端盖31。电极端子32设置于端盖31的背离电极组件10的一侧并覆盖端子孔315。示例性地，第二连接部42凸出于第一连接部41并延伸到端子孔315内，以连接于电极端子32。可选地，第二连接部42背离电极端子32的一侧具有凹腔。集流构件40可通过冲压金属板形成。
在一些实施例中，第二连接部42通过焊接、铆接、粘接或其它方式固定于电极端子32。
在装配电池单体7的过程中，发明人尝试先将电极组件连接到集流构件的第一 连接部，再将集流构件的第二连接部连接到端盖组件的电极端子，然后再将电极组件放入到壳体内，最后连接壳体和端盖以实现密封。然而，发明人发现，在连接电极组件和集流构件的过程中以及在连接集流构件和电极端子的过程中均会产生杂质，杂质(特别是金属颗粒)容易溅射并附着到电极组件上，杂质可能会刺伤隔离件并将正极极片和负极极片导通，从而引发安全风险。
基于申请人发现的上述问题，申请人对电池单体的结构进行改进，下面结合不同的实施例详细描述。
图7为图5所示的电池单体沿线B-B作出的剖视示意图；图8为图7所示的电池单体在方框C处的放大示意图；图9为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的端盖组件的爆炸示意图；图10为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的集流构件的结构示意图；图11为图8所示的电池单体在圆框D处的放大示意图。
如图7至图11所示，在一些实施例中，端盖31设有第一通孔311。第一通孔311沿端盖31的厚度方向Z贯通端盖31。
第一连接部41连接于极耳部12并形成连接区域W。也就是说，在连接区域W，第一连接部41和极耳部12彼此连接。连接区域W用于实现电流在第一连接部41和极耳部12之间的传输。
第一连接部41和极耳部12的连接区域W在端盖31的厚度方向Z上的投影与第一通孔311在厚度方向Z上的投影至少部分重叠。需要说明的是，连接区域W在厚度方向Z上的投影指的是连接区域W在垂直于厚度方向Z的平面内的正投影，第一通孔311在厚度方向Z上的投影指的是第一通孔311在垂直于厚度方向Z的平面内的正投影。
在一些实施例中，本申请的电池单体7可按照下述步骤装配：经由壳体20的开口将电极组件10放入壳体20内；将集流构件40的第二连接部42连接到端盖组件30的电极端子32；将端盖组件30的端盖31盖合到壳体20的开口处并连接端盖31和壳体20；经由端盖31的第一通孔311将集流构件40和极耳部12连接并形成连接区域W；将端盖31的第一通孔311密封。
本申请实施例通过在端盖31上开设第一通孔311，可以在端盖31连接到壳体20后实现集流构件40和极耳部12的连接。在连接集流构件40与电极端子32时，电极组件10未连接到集流构件40上，所以在连接集流构件40与电极端子32的过程中产生的杂质不会溅射到电极组件10上。在连接集流构件40的第一连接部41和极耳部12时，电极组件10容纳在壳体20和端盖31所形成的容纳腔内，所以壳体20和端盖31可以起到阻隔作用，减少环境中的杂质附着在电极组件10上的风险，提高电池单体7的安全性能。
在端盖31和壳体20密封连接后，第一通孔311能够将第一连接部41的至少部分露出，外部设备可以经由第一通孔311将第一连接部41和极耳部12连接。在将第一连接部41和极耳部12连接后，第一连接部41和极耳部12的连接区域W在厚度方向Z上的投影与第一通孔311在厚度方向Z上的投影至少部分重叠。
第一连接部41与极耳部12可采用多种方式连接。
在一些实施例中，第一连接部41焊接于极耳部12并形成焊接区域，连接区域 W包括焊接区域。在焊接区域，第一连接部41和极耳部12之间的电阻较小，有助于电流在第一连接部41和极耳部12之间的传输。
示例性地，在焊接时，激光穿过第一通孔311并作用在第一连接部41上，第一连接部41的局部熔化并与极耳部12焊接在一起以形成焊接区域。激光从第一连接部41侧焊接第一连接部41和极耳部12，而第一连接部41能够阻挡焊接所产生的金属颗粒，减小金属颗粒溅射到电极组件10上的风险。
可选地，激光的发射方向平行于厚度方向Z。
在另一些实施例中，第一连接部41粘接于极耳部12并形成粘接区域，连接区域W包括粘接区域。例如，第一连接部41可通过导电胶粘接于极耳部12，导电胶能够减小电阻，有助于电流在第一连接部41和极耳部12之间的传输。
示例性地，第一连接部41设有贯通的多个缝隙(未示出)。外部设备通过第一通孔311向第一连接部41上涂覆导电胶，导电胶经由这些缝隙流动到第一连接部41和极耳部12之间，以将第一连接部41和极耳部12粘接。
在又一些实施例中，第一连接部41压接于极耳部12并形成压接区域，连接区域W包括压接区域。在压接区域，第一连接部41紧压极耳部12，以使第一连接部41与极耳部12保持接触状态，从而减小第一连接部41和极耳部12之间的电阻较小，有助于电流在第一连接部41和极耳部12之间的传输。
示例性地，外部设备通过第一通孔311在端盖31和第一连接部41之间放置支撑件(未示出)，支撑件受力抵压第一连接部41，以使第一连接部41压接于极耳部12。
当然，本申请不限于采用上述的方式连接第一连接部41与极耳部12，也可以采用铆接或其它方式连接第一连接部41与极耳部12。
在一些实施例中，连接区域W在厚度方向Z上的投影位于第一通孔311在厚度方向Z上的投影内。也就是说，本实施例无需将第一连接部41的不与第一通孔311在厚度方向Z上重叠的部分连接到极耳部12，这样可以简化极耳部12和第一连接部41的连接工艺。以焊接工艺为例，在焊接极耳部12和第一连接部41时，激光的发射方向平行于厚度方向Z即可。
在一些实施例中，第一连接部41位于极耳部12面向端盖31的一侧，第一连接部41包括基部411和连接于基部411的凸部412，凸部412相对于基部411的面向极耳部12的表面凸出。凸部412用于连接极耳部12并形成连接区域W。
凸部412用于抵压在极耳部12上，以使凸部412和极耳部12紧密接触，便于外部设备将凸部412和极耳部12连接。在将端盖组件30装配到壳体20之后，集流构件40以过盈配合的方式设置在极耳部12和端盖组件30之间，端盖组件30下压集流构件40，以使凸部412抵压在极耳部12上。
示例性地，凸部412抵压在极耳部12上，这样，在焊接凸部412和极耳部12时，可以降低虚焊风险，提高凸部412和极耳部12之间的连接强度。
基部411大体为平板状。示例性地，凸部412的数量与电池单体7的电极组件10的数量相同。可选地，凸部412为两个，基部411将两个凸部412连接到第二连接部42。
在一些实施例中，基部411与极耳部12接触，以增大集流构件40与极耳部12之间的过流面积，提高过流能力。凸部412挤压极耳部12以使极耳部12局部凹陷，所以基部411和凸部412能够同时与极耳部12接触。
在一些实施例中，凸部412背离极耳部12的一侧具有凹部413，凹部413相对于基部411的背离电极组件10的表面凹陷。凸部412可以通过冲压工艺形成，集流构件40的被冲压的位置形成凹部413。
电池单体还包括第一绝缘构件34，第一绝缘构件34的至少部分容纳于凹部413内并覆盖连接区域W。在将第一连接部41连接到极耳部12之后，连接区域W的表面可能会残留一些杂质；以焊接工艺为例，焊接完成后，连接区域W的表面会残留一些金属颗粒，这些金属颗粒可能会掉落到电极组件10中并引发短路风险。本申请实施例通过设置第一绝缘构件34来固定金属颗粒，降低金属颗粒掉落到电极组件10中的风险。凹部413可以对第一绝缘构件34进行定位，便于第一绝缘构件34的装配；另外，凹部413还能够为第一绝缘构件34提供空间，减小集流构件40和第一绝缘构件34在厚度方向Z上占用的空间。
在一些示例中，第一绝缘构件34由绝缘胶体固化而成。具体地，在将第一连接部41连接到极耳部12之后，外部设备经由第一通孔311向凹部413内滴入绝缘胶体，绝缘胶体固化后形成覆盖连接区域W的第一绝缘构件34。
在另一些示例中，第一绝缘构件34为绝缘贴片。具体地，在将第一连接部41连接到极耳部12之后，外部设备经由第一通孔311在凹部413内放入绝缘贴片并将绝缘贴片粘接在凸部412上。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘构件34在厚度方向Z上的投影位于第一通孔311在厚度方向Z上的投影之内。第一绝缘构件34在厚度方向Z上的投影即为第一绝缘构件34在垂直于厚度方向Z上的平面内的正投影。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘构件34完全容纳于凹部413内。
在一些实施例中，电池单体还包括第二绝缘构件(未示出)，第二绝缘构件设置于第一绝缘构件34的背离连接区域W的一侧并覆盖连接区域W。第一绝缘构件34和第二绝缘构件可以起到双层防护的作用，降低杂质进入电极组件10的风险。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件30包括第三绝缘构件35，第三绝缘构件35设置于端盖31的面向电极组件10的一侧。第三绝缘构件35用于将电极组件10和端盖31隔开，以降低短路风险。第三绝缘构件35固定于端盖31的面向电极组件10的表面。可选地，第三绝缘构件35的材质为塑胶。
第一连接部41位于第三绝缘构件35和极耳部12之间。第三绝缘构件35具有第二通孔351，第二通孔351沿厚度方向Z贯通第三绝缘构件35。连接区域W在厚度方向Z上的投影与第二通孔351在厚度方向Z上的投影至少部分重叠。
第二通孔351用于将第一连接部41露出，外部设备通过第一通孔311和第二通孔351将第一连接部41和极耳部12连接。
在一些实施例中，第二通孔351在厚度方向Z上的投影位于第一通孔311在厚度方向Z上的投影内。在一些实施例中，第一绝缘构件34在厚度方向Z上的投影位于 第二通孔351在厚度方向Z上的投影内。
在一些实施例中，端盖组件30包括连接于第三绝缘构件35的第四绝缘构件36，第四绝缘构件36设置于第三绝缘构件35的背离电极组件10的一侧并覆盖第二通孔351。第四绝缘构件36用于将端盖31和第一连接部41绝缘隔开，避免第一连接部41和端盖31通过第二通孔351导通。可选地，第四绝缘构件36为绝缘贴片且粘接于第三绝缘构件35。
示例性地，在电池单体7的装配过程中，先通过第一通孔311和第二通孔351将第一连接部41连接到极耳部12，然后通过第一通孔311和第二通孔351向凹部413内放入第一绝缘构件34以覆盖连接区域W，再然后通过第一通孔311放入第四绝缘构件36以覆盖第二通孔351。
在一些实施例中，第四绝缘构件36在厚度方向Z上的投影位于第一通孔311在厚度方向Z上的投影之内。
在一些实施例中，第四绝缘构件36的至少部分容纳于第一通孔311内。第一通孔311可以为第四绝缘构件36预留空间，这样，第四绝缘构件36可以具有足够的厚度，降低第四绝缘构件36被杂质刺破的风险。示例性地，第四绝缘构件36整体位于第一通孔311内。第三绝缘构件35的面向端盖31的表面贴合于端盖31，而第四绝缘构件36可以粘接于第三绝缘构件35的面向端盖31的表面。
在另一些实施例中，第三绝缘构件35具有第一凹槽352，第一凹槽352相对于第三绝缘构件35的面向端盖31的表面凹陷。第二通孔351从第一凹槽352的底壁沿厚度方向Z延伸并贯通第三绝缘构件35。第四绝缘构件36的至少部分容纳于第一凹槽352并连接于第一凹槽352的底壁。第一凹槽352可以起到定位作用，便于第四绝缘构件36的装配。第一凹槽352也可以为第四绝缘构件36预留空间，这样，第四绝缘构件36可以具有足够的厚度，降低第四绝缘构件36被杂质刺破的风险。示例性地，第四绝缘构件36整体位于第一凹槽352内。
在又一些实施例中，第四绝缘构件36的一部分容纳于第一通孔311内，第四绝缘构件36的另一部分容纳于第一凹槽352内，这样能够为第四绝缘构件36预留更多的空间。
在一些实施例中，端盖31包括端盖主体312和密封板313。端盖主体312用于连接壳体20并盖合于壳体20的开口处。第一通孔311沿厚度方向Z贯通端盖主体312。密封板313用于密封第一通孔311，以保证电池单体7的密封性。
在一些实施例中，端盖主体312包括第二凹槽314，第二凹槽314相对于端盖主体312的背离电极组件10的表面凹陷。第一通孔311从第二凹槽314的底壁沿厚度方向Z延伸，以贯通端盖主体312。密封板313至少部分容纳于第二凹槽314内并抵接于第二凹槽314的底壁。第二凹槽314可以起到定位作用，便于密封板313与端盖主体312的装配。第二凹槽314还能够为密封板313提供容纳空间，减小端盖31在厚度方向Z的整体尺寸。示例性地，密封板313的周缘焊接于第二凹槽314的侧壁。
在一些实施例中，端盖主体312的背离电极组件10的表面与密封板313的背离电极组件10的表面齐平，这样可以使密封板313不在厚度方向Z上额外占用空间，提 高电池单体7的能量密度。
在一些实施例中，密封板313包括第一密封部313a和第二密封部313b，所述第一密封部313a容纳于第二凹槽314内并焊接于端盖主体312，第二密封部313b连接于所述第一密封部313a且容纳于第一通孔311内。第二密封部313b抵压第四绝缘构件36，以使第四绝缘构件36紧贴于第三绝缘构件35。
在一些具体实施例中，本申请的电池单体7可按照下述步骤装配：
经由壳体20的开口将电极组件10放入壳体20内；
将集流构件40的第二连接部42焊接到端盖组件30的电极端子32；
将端盖组件30的端盖主体312盖合到壳体20的开口处并连接端盖主体312和壳体20，其中，电极端子32、第三绝缘构件35等部件已预先装配到端盖主体312上；
激光经由第一通孔311和第二通孔351作用在第一连接部41上，以将第一连接部41和极耳部12连接并形成连接区域W；
经由第一通孔311和第二通孔351向第一连接部41的凹部413内滴入绝缘胶体，绝缘胶体固化后形成覆盖连接区域W的第一绝缘构件34；
经由第一通孔311将第四绝缘构件36粘接在第三绝缘构件35上，以使第四绝缘构件36覆盖第二通孔351；
将密封板313焊接到端盖主体312以密封第一通孔311。
图12为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的电极组件的结构示意图；图13为图12所示的极耳部的结构示意图。
如图12所示，本申请实施例的主体部11为卷绕结构且包括弯折区111。弯折区111为主体部11具有弯折结构的区域，正极极片的位于弯折区111的部分和负极极片的位于弯折区111的部分均弯折设置。示例性地，正极极片的位于弯折区111的部分和负极极片的位于弯折区111的部分均为圆弧形。
在一些实施例中，极耳部12包括从弯折区111延伸的第一部分121，第一部分121的至少部分连接于第一连接部41。
第一部分121包括多个极耳弯折部121a，多个极耳弯折部121a层叠设置。正极极耳部的第一部分121的极耳弯折部121a即为正极极耳的连接于弯折区111的部分，负极极耳部的第一部分121的极耳弯折部121a即为负极极耳的连接于弯折区111部分。
在制备电极组件10时，可通过辊压多个极耳弯折部121a，以使多个极耳弯折部121a彼此靠近，以减小极耳弯折部121a之间的间隙。多个极耳弯折部121a的远离弯折区111的一端近似形成一个致密的端面，该端面即为第一部分121的用于连接到第一连接部41的表面。这样，在采用焊接的方式连接第一连接部41和第一部分121时，本申请实施例能够保证第一连接部41和第一部分121之间的连接强度，降低因漏激光而烧伤电极组件10的风险。
在一些实施例中，电极组件10为扁平状。主体部11还包括平直区112，弯折区111为两个且分别连接于主体部11的两端。平直区112为电极组件10具有平直结构的区域，正极极片的位于平直区112的部分和负极极片的位于平直区112的部分基本平直设置。
极耳部12还包括从平直区112延伸的第二部分122，第二部分122的至少部分连接于第一连接部41。
第二部分122包括多个极耳平直部122a，多个极耳弯折部121a层叠设置。正极极耳部的第二部分122的极耳平直部122a即为正极极耳的连接于平直区112的部分，负极极耳部的第二部分122的极耳平直部122a即为负极极耳的连接于平直区112的部分。
在制备电极组件10时，可通过辊压多个极耳平直部122a，以使多个极耳平直部122a彼此靠近，以减小极耳平直部122a之间的间隙。多个极耳平直部122a的远离平直区112的一端近似形成一个致密的端面，该端面即为第二部分122的用于连接到第一连接部41的表面。这样，在采用焊接的方式连接第一连接部41和第二部分122时，本申请实施例能够保证第一连接部41和第二部分122之间的连接强度，降低因漏激光而烧伤电极组件10的风险。
在相关技术中，极耳部凸出主体部的尺寸较大，且极耳部通过折弯的方式减少占用的空间。而在本申请实施例中，极耳部12远离主体部11的端部与第一连接部41相连，其凸出主体部11的尺寸较小，所以极耳部12无需整体折弯，从而减小了极耳部12占用的空间，提供能量密度。
图14为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池单体的局部剖视示意图。
如图14所示，在一些实施例中，电池单体还包括第二绝缘构件37，第二绝缘构件37设置于第一连接部41的背离极耳部12的一侧并覆盖连接区域W。示例性地，第二绝缘构件37为绝缘贴片且粘接于第一连接部41的背离极耳部12的表面。
图15为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造方法的流程示意图。
如图15所示，本申请实施例的电池单体的制造方法包括：
S100、提供壳体，壳体具有开口；
S200、提供包括极耳部的电极组件，并将电极组件放入壳体内；
S300、提供端盖组件，端盖组件包括端盖和电极端子，电极端子安装于端盖，端盖设有第一通孔；
S400、提供集流构件，并将集流构件连接于电极端子；
S500、将端盖用于盖合开口。
集流构件用于电连接电极端子和极耳部，集流构件包括用于连接极耳部的第一连接部，第一连接部和极耳部的连接区域在端盖的厚度方向上的投影与第一通孔在厚度方向上的投影至少部分重叠。
需要说明的是，通过上述电池单体的制造方法制造出的电池单体的相关结构，可参见上述各实施例提供的电池单体。
在基于上述的电池单体的制造方法组装电池单体时，不必按照上述步骤依次进行，也就是说，可以按照实施例中提及的顺序执行步骤，也可以不同于实施例中提及的顺序执行步骤，或者若干步骤同时执行。例如，步骤S100和步骤S300的执行不分先后，也可以同时进行。
图16为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体7的制造系统的示意性框图。
如图16所示，本申请实施例的电池单体的制造系统8包括：第一提供装置81，用于提供壳体，壳体具有开口；第二提供装置82，用于提供包括极耳部的电极组件，并将电极组件放入壳体内；第三提供装置83，用于提供端盖组件，端盖组件包括端盖和电极端子，电极端子安装于端盖，端盖设有第一通孔；第四提供装置84，用于提供集流构件，并将集流构件连接于电极端子；组装装置85，用于将端盖用于盖合开口。
集流构件用于电连接电极端子和极耳部，集流构件包括用于连接极耳部的第一连接部，第一连接部和极耳部的连接区域在端盖的厚度方向上的投影与第一通孔在厚度方向上的投影至少部分重叠。
通过上述制造系统制造出的电池单体的相关结构，可参见上述各实施例提供的电池单体。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，但这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种电池单体，包括：
    壳体，具有开口；
    电极组件，容纳于所述壳体内，所述电极组件包括极耳部；
    端盖组件，包括端盖和电极端子，所述端盖用于盖合所述开口，所述电极端子安装于所述端盖，所述端盖设有第一通孔；
    集流构件，用于电连接所述电极端子和所述极耳部，所述集流构件包括用于连接所述极耳部的第一连接部，所述第一连接部和所述极耳部的连接区域在所述端盖的厚度方向上的投影与所述第一通孔在所述厚度方向上的投影至少部分重叠。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一连接部位于所述极耳部面向所述端盖的一侧，所述第一连接部包括基部和连接于所述基部的凸部，所述凸部相对于所述基部的面向所述极耳部的表面凸出；
    所述凸部用于连接所述极耳部并形成所述连接区域。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其中，所述基部与所述极耳部接触。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电池单体，其中，所述凸部背离所述极耳部的一侧具有凹部，所述凹部相对于所述基部的背离所述电极组件的表面凹陷。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括第一绝缘构件，所述第一绝缘构件的至少部分容纳于所述凹部内并覆盖所述连接区域。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括第二绝缘构件，所述第二绝缘构件设置于所述第一连接部的背离所述极耳部的一侧并覆盖所述连接区域。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述端盖组件包括第三绝缘构件，所述第三绝缘构件设置于所述端盖的面向所述电极组件的一侧，所述第一连接部位于所述第三绝缘构件和所述极耳部之间；
    所述第三绝缘构件具有第二通孔，所述连接区域在所述厚度方向上的投影与所述第二通孔在所述厚度方向上的投影至少部分重叠。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池单体，其中，所述端盖组件包括连接于所述第三绝缘构件的第四绝缘构件，所述第四绝缘构件设置于所述第三绝缘构件的背离所述电极组件的一侧并覆盖所述第二通孔。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池单体，其中，所述第四绝缘构件的至少部分容纳于所述第一通孔内。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的电池单体，其中，所述第三绝缘构件具有第一凹槽，所述第一凹槽相对于所述第三绝缘构件的面向所述端盖的表面凹陷；
    所述第二通孔从所述第一凹槽的底壁沿所述厚度方向延伸；
    所述第四绝缘构件的至少部分容纳于所述第一凹槽并连接于所述第一凹槽的底壁。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述连接区域在所述厚度方向上的投影位于所述第一通孔在所述厚度方向上的投影内。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一连接部焊接于所述极耳部并形成焊接区域，所述连接区域包括所述焊接区域。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电极组件还包括主体部，所述极耳部从所述主体部的靠近所述端盖的一端延伸；
    所述主体部为卷绕结构且包括弯折区，所述极耳部包括从所述弯折区延伸的第一部分，所述第一部分的至少部分连接于所述第一连接部。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电池单体，其中，所述主体部还包括平直区，所述弯折区为两个且分别连接于所述主体部的两端；
    所述极耳部还包括从所述平直区延伸的第二部分，所述第二部分的至少部分连接于所述第一连接部。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述端盖包括端盖主体和密封板，所述端盖主体用于连接所述壳体，所述密封板用于密封所述第一通孔。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电池单体，其中，所述端盖主体包括第二凹槽，所述第二凹槽相对于所述端盖主体的背离所述电极组件的表面凹陷；
    所述第一通孔从所述第二凹槽的底壁沿所述厚度方向延伸；
    所述密封板至少部分容纳于所述第二凹槽内并抵接于所述第二凹槽的底壁。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电池单体，其中，所述端盖主体的背离所述电极组件的表面与所述密封板的背离所述电极组件的表面齐平。
  18. 一种电池，包括箱体和如权利要求1-17中任一项所述的电池单体，所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体内。
  19. 一种用电装置，包括如权利要求18所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
  20. 一种电池单体的制造方法，包括：
    提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口；
    提供包括极耳部的电极组件，并将所述电极组件放入所述壳体内；
    提供端盖组件，所述端盖组件包括端盖和电极端子，所述电极端子安装于所述端盖，所述端盖设有第一通孔；
    提供集流构件，并将所述集流构件连接于所述电极端子；
    将所述端盖用于盖合所述开口；
    其中，所述集流构件用于电连接所述电极端子和所述极耳部，所述集流构件包括用于连接所述极耳部的第一连接部，所述第一连接部和所述极耳部的连接区域在所述端盖的厚度方向上的投影与所述第一通孔在所述厚度方向上的投影至少部分重叠。
  21. 一种电池单体的制造系统，包括：
    第一提供装置，用于提供壳体，所述壳体具有开口；
    第二提供装置，用于提供包括极耳部的电极组件，并将所述电极组件放入所述壳体内；
    第三提供装置，用于提供端盖组件，所述端盖组件包括端盖和电极端子，所述电极端子安装于所述端盖，所述端盖设有第一通孔；
    第四提供装置，用于提供集流构件，并将所述集流构件连接于所述电极端子；
    组装装置，用于将所述端盖用于盖合所述开口；
    其中，所述集流构件用于电连接所述电极端子和所述极耳部，所述集流构件包括用于连接所述极耳部的第一连接部，所述第一连接部和所述极耳部的连接区域在所述端盖的厚度方向上的投影与所述第一通孔在所述厚度方向上的投影至少部分重叠。
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