WO2022195904A1 - Method for enriching ergothioneine in and cultivating pleurotus cornucopiae - Google Patents

Method for enriching ergothioneine in and cultivating pleurotus cornucopiae Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022195904A1
WO2022195904A1 PCT/JP2021/024089 JP2021024089W WO2022195904A1 WO 2022195904 A1 WO2022195904 A1 WO 2022195904A1 JP 2021024089 W JP2021024089 W JP 2021024089W WO 2022195904 A1 WO2022195904 A1 WO 2022195904A1
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ergothioneine
cap
pleurotus cornucopiae
culture
cultivation
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PCT/JP2021/024089
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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高久 小澤
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株式会社ケージェー・マーリック
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
    • A01G18/64—Cultivation containers; Lids therefor
    • A01G18/65—Cultivation containers; Lids therefor characterised by the lids, e.g. lids with filters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
    • A01G18/64—Cultivation containers; Lids therefor
    • A01G18/68—Cultivation bottles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
    • A01G18/69—Arrangements for managing the environment, e.g. sprinklers

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  • the present invention relates to a method for cultivating Pleurotus cornucopiae (ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method) that enriches the content of ergothioneine in Pleurotus cornucopiae.
  • Ergothioneine is a rare amino acid that has extremely high antioxidant activity among natural materials. Moreover, it is known that this ergothioneine is contained abundantly in Tamogitake. For this reason, for example, [Patent Document 1] below discloses an invention relating to a method for artificially cultivating Tamogitake. In addition to being sold as food, these Pleurotus cornucopiae are also processed into ergothioneine-containing supplementary foods and supplements and sold.
  • Patent Document 2 a maitake mushroom cultivation apparatus shown in [Patent Document 2] below, which is suitable for cultivating maitake mushrooms.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a method for cultivating Pleurotus cornucopia (ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method) capable of enriching the content of ergothioneine.
  • the present invention (1) A method for cultivating Pleurotus cornucopiae containing ergothioneine, A step of filling the cultivation container 10 with a medium (medium filling step S200), a step of sterilizing the medium (sterilization step S202), and a step of inoculating the seed culture of Tamogitake into the medium (inoculation step S204).
  • a culture cap 50 having an air-permeable filter 20 on the upper surface 34 and a substantially truncated cone-shaped space 40a that is smaller on the upper surface 34 side is placed on the cultivation container 10 and maintained at a predetermined temperature and humidity to grow Tamogitake mushrooms.
  • a culturing step S206 for growing hyphae and inducing the formation of fruiting body primordium below the filter 20;
  • the culture cap 50 is replaced with a growth cap 80 having an opening 42 at the top and a substantially truncated conical space 40b that is smaller on the side of the opening 42.
  • the cultivation container 10 is maintained at a predetermined temperature and humidity, and the fruiting body is a development step S208 of growing the primordium into a fruiting body through the opening 42;
  • the opening 42 of the nurturing cap 80 limits the number of stems of the fruiting body that grows, thereby enlarging the cap of the fruiting body and enriching the content of ergothioneine in the fruiting body.
  • the above problems are solved by providing a method for ergothioneine-enriched cultivation of Pleurotus cornucopia.
  • (2) The above problem is solved by providing the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method for Pleurotus cornucopiae according to (1), characterized in that the diameter L2 of the opening 42 of the growth cap 80 is 15 mm to 50 mm.
  • the above problems are solved by providing a method.
  • the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method for Pleurotus cornucopiae it is possible to cultivate Pleurotus cornucopiae that are larger in size than conventional ones and enriched in ergothioneine content with a high ratio of cap parts containing a large amount of ergothioneine. This makes it possible to obtain more ergothioneine than conventional Pleurotus cornucopiae.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a culture cap and a growth cap used in the method for ergothioneine-enriched cultivation of Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention.
  • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a flowchart which shows the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention. It is a figure explaining the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention.
  • 1 is an image of Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention. 4 is a graph showing the amount of ergothioneine for each part of Pleurotus ulmosum according to the present invention. 1 is a graph showing the amount of ergothioneine in Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) are a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of a culture cap 50 used in the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 1 (c) and (d) are a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of a growth cap 80 used in the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of the present invention.
  • the culture cap 50 and the growth cap 80 shown in FIG. is detachably attached to the mouth portion 12 of the cultivation container 10, and substantially truncated conical space portions 40a and 40b provided on the upper side of the flange portion 30 and having a small upper portion.
  • the cultivation container 10 is a well-known synthetic resin bottle used for mushroom cultivation, and is generally made of transparent or translucent polypropylene or the like.
  • the space 40a has an upper surface 34, a vent hole 26 in the center of the upper surface 34, and a filter 20 provided in the vent hole 26 and having air permeability. .
  • this filter 20 has a function of circulating water vapor, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc. inside and outside the space part 40a while inhibiting the entry of various germs, etc. can be used.
  • the method for installing the filter 20 is not particularly limited, but as shown in FIG. , and the filter 20 is sandwiched between the upper surface 34 of the culture cap 50 and the lower surface of the filter holder 22 to be fixed.
  • the diameter L1 of the ventilation port 26 of the culture cap 50 is preferably 1/10 to 1/3 of the diameter of the mouth portion 12, and 1/10 to 1/10. /4 is particularly preferable. Therefore, for example, in the case of the cultivation container 10 in which the inner diameter of the mouth portion 12 is 58 mm, the diameter L1 of the vent 26 is preferably approximately 6 mm to 20 mm, and particularly preferably 6 mm to 15 mm.
  • the central portion of the culture medium surface located under the vent 26 has humidity (basically low humidity) toward the outside (inside the culture chamber), and the peripheral edge of the culture medium surface
  • the purpose is to create a humidity gradient between the Therefore, if the bottom angle ⁇ 1 of the space 40a (the angle between the imaginary bottom of the space 40a and the side wall 36) exceeds 70°, it becomes nearly vertical, making it difficult to form an appropriate humidity gradient. If the angle ⁇ 1 is less than 30°, the ceiling of the space 40a is low, which hinders the growth of mycelia, which will be described later. Therefore, the base angle ⁇ 1 of the space 40a of the culture cap 50 is preferably 30° to 70°.
  • the space 40b of the growth cap 80 shown in FIGS. 1(c) and 1(d) has an opening 42 above.
  • the diameter L2 of the opening 42 is related to the number of fruiting bodies to be grown. More stalks of fruiting bodies are formed than in number, and in both cases the enrichment of ergothioneine is reduced. Therefore, the diameter L2 of the opening 42 is preferably 15 mm to 50 mm, particularly preferably 20 mm to 30 mm.
  • the culture cap 80 will be replaced while the hyphae are raised in the space 40a of the culture cap 50 . Therefore, if the base angle ⁇ 2 of the space 40b (the angle formed by the imaginary bottom surface of the space 40b and the side wall 36) is smaller than the base angle ⁇ 1 of the culture cap 50, the raised hyphae may be crushed.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method for Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention.
  • the culture container 10 is heated in a well-known sterilization kettle or the like to sterilize the filled culture medium (sterilization step S202).
  • an inoculum of Pleurotus cornucopia is inoculated into the culture medium of the cultivation container 10 (inoculation step S204). This inoculation is carried out in a sterile room or the like for the inoculation hole.
  • the culture cap 50 according to the present invention is fitted into the opening 12 of the cultivation container 10 after inoculation to close it.
  • the cultivation container 10 with the culture cap 50 attached is held for a predetermined period in a culture room maintained at a predetermined temperature and humidity, for example, a temperature of 20°C to 25°C and a humidity of 60% to 70%.
  • a predetermined temperature and humidity for example, a temperature of 20°C to 25°C and a humidity of 60% to 70%.
  • the seed fungus of Pleurotus cornucopia that has been inoculated grows hyphae in the medium.
  • the water vapor generated from the upper surface of the medium at this time converges inward along the side wall 36 of the substantially frustoconical space 40a of the culture cap 50, and the air vent 26 provided in the center of the upper surface 34 of the space 40a is released into the culture chamber through the filter 20 of the.
  • the peripheral edge of the medium surface has a higher humidity than the central portion of the medium surface, forming a humidity gradient in which the central portion has low humidity and the peripheral portion has high humidity.
  • the temperature and humidity in the culture chamber are maintained in an atmosphere suitable for the growth of Pleurotus cornucopia, so the central portion of the atmosphere suitable for the growth of Pleurotus cornucopia with good air flow has better mycelium growth than the peripheral portion.
  • the hyphae in the central portion rise.
  • a fruiting body primordium is formed or can be formed in this central portion.
  • the culture cap 50 induces the formation of fruiting body primordia in the lower central portion of the filter 20 (vent 26) (culture step S206).
  • This germination chamber is maintained at a predetermined temperature and humidity suitable for the formation and growth of fruiting bodies, for example, a temperature of 15° C. to 25° C. and a humidity of 85% to 95%. is held in this generation chamber for a predetermined period of time.
  • a temperature of 15° C. to 25° C. and a humidity of 85% to 95%. is held in this generation chamber for a predetermined period of time.
  • the method for cultivating mushrooms using the cultivation container 10 it is common to scrape off the hyphae on the surface of the culture medium before growing into fruiting bodies.
  • the fruiting body is grown without the fungus scraping. As a result, harvesting of Tamogitake can be advanced by about one week.
  • the central portion of the culture medium surface swells in the culture step S206 and the formation of fruiting body primordia is induced.
  • the opening 42 of the space 40b exists above the central portion, and the dominant fruiting body in the central portion continues to grow without any restrictions.
  • the side wall 36 of the space 40b inhibits fruiting body formation and induces the growth of hyphae to the central side.
  • the growth cap 80 limits the number of growing stems (the number of stalks) and enlarges the cap portion of the dominant fruiting body on the central side. Further, at this time, the opening 42 of the space 40b narrows the opening of the cultivation container 10, thereby reducing the gap between the swelling of the mycelium and the side wall 36, thereby inhibiting entry of germs and the like from this portion.
  • FIG. 4(a) shows an image of Pleurotus cornucopiae by the cultivation method of the present invention using the growth cap 80.
  • FIG. 4B shows an image of Pleurotus cornucopiae grown without the growth cap 80 attached. From FIG. 4 , it can be seen that the cornucopia cultivated using the cultivation cap 80 has a much larger cap than the cornucopia cultivated without the cultivation cap 80 .
  • the total weight of the cap part of the Tamogitake cultivated using the growth cap 80 was about 2.5 of the stem part.
  • the dry weight of the cap part of Tamogitake cultivated without using the cultivation cap 80 is almost the same as the stem part, and about 50 wt% of the whole Tamogitake. %Met. Furthermore, even when comparing the dry weight of the harvested Pleurotus cornucopiae itself, the value obtained by the cultivation method of the present invention showed a larger value. From these results, it can be seen that the Pleurotus cornucopiae produced by the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of the present invention using the growth cap 80 is larger than the conventional one and has a higher proportion of the cap portion.
  • the ergothioneine content of each part of Tamogitake was measured as follows. First, Pleurotus cornucopia by the cultivation method of the present invention was harvested and dried at 40° C. for 24 hours using a vegetable dryer (manufactured by Labonect Co., Ltd.: Dramini). Next, Tamogitake was divided into the fruiting body (cap + stem portion), the cap portion only, and the stem portion only, and each of them was pulverized with a mixer (manufactured by Tiger Thermos Co., Ltd.: SKR-J250).
  • the amount of ergothioneine in the cap portion was 1250 mg/100 g-dry, while the amount of ergothioneine in the stem portion was 800 mg/100 g-dry, indicating that a large amount of ergothioneine of Pleurotus cornucopia is present in the cap portion. I understand.
  • the amount of ergothioneine in Pleurotus cornucopia (umbrella + stem) obtained by the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of the present invention using the growing cap 80, and the amount of ergothioneine in Pleurotus cornucopia cultivated under the same conditions without using the growing cap 80. is shown in FIG. From FIG. 6, the amount of ergothioneine in Pleurotus cornucopiae by the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of the present invention using the growing cap 80 was 1000 to 1200 mg / 100 g-dry, whereas ergothioneine in Pleurotus cornucopiae cultivated without using the growing cap 80.
  • the amount was 400 to 800 mg/100 g-dry, and this also shows that the amount of ergothioneine in Pleurotus cornucopiae cultivated by the cultivation method of the present invention is clearly enriched. This is probably because, firstly, the Pleurotus cornucopiae cultivated by the cultivation method of the present invention has a higher ratio of the cap portion containing a large amount of ergothioneine. In addition, even if the ratio of the cap portion is assumed to be the same, it was found that the amount of ergothioneine tends to be higher in the Pleurotus cornucopiae according to the present invention using the growth cap 80 . Therefore, it is considered that the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method for Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention also enriches the ergothioneine content of Pleurotus cornucopia itself.
  • the Tamogitake cultivated as described above is harvested (harvesting step S210), and in subsequent steps, it is eaten, dried, and other appropriate processing is performed.
  • the amount of ergothioneine is enriched in the ergothioneine amount of Pleurotus cornucopiae by the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of the present invention as described above, it is possible to obtain a larger amount of ergothioneine than the conventional Pleurotus cornucopiae.
  • more products than before can be produced with the same amount of Tamogitake.
  • the culture cap 50 induces the formation of fruiting body primordia in the central part of the culture medium surface, and the growth cap 80 grows the number of fruiting bodies (the number of stems) is limited, and the cap part of the dominant fruiting body on the central side is made larger.
  • the Pleurotus cornucopiae according to the present invention is larger than the conventional one, and the ratio of the cap portion containing a large amount of ergothioneine is increased. This can enrich the ergothioneine content of Pleurotus cornucopiae.

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Abstract

[Problem] To provide a method for cultivating Pleurotus cornucopiae in which the ergothioneine content can be enriched. [Solution] According to this method for enriching ergothioneine in and cultivating Pleurotus cornucopiae, a culturing cap 50 guides the shape of a fruit body primordium to a central portion of a culture medium surface, and a nurturing cap 80 regulates the number of fruit bodies (number of stalks) and further increases the size of pileus sections of superior fruit bodies located toward the center. The Pleurotus cornucopiae produced through this cultivation method is thereby increased in size to a greater extent than in the prior art, and the proportion of the pileus portions that includes large amounts of ergothioneine increases. This makes it possible to enrich the ergothioneine content of the Pleurotus cornucopiae. In particular, when the Pleurotus cornucopiae is processed into a complementary food product, a supplement, etc., it is possible to manufacture a product containing ergothioneine at higher concentrations than in the prior art. Additionally, it is possible to manufacture a greater amount of the product than in the prior art by using the same amount of Pleurotus cornucopiae.

Description

タモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法Ergothioneine-enriched Cultivation Method for Tamogitake
　本発明は、タモギタケ中のエルゴチオネインの含有量を富化させるタモギタケの栽培方法（エルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法）に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for cultivating Pleurotus cornucopiae (ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method) that enriches the content of ergothioneine in Pleurotus cornucopiae.
　エルゴチオネイン（ＥＧＴ）とは希少アミノ酸の一種であり、天然素材の中で極めて優れた抗酸化作用を有している。また、このエルゴチオネインはタモギタケに多く含まれることが知られている。このため、例えば下記［特許文献１］にはタモギタケの人工栽培方法に関する発明が開示されている。そして、これらタモギタケは食用として販売される他、エルゴチオネインを含有した補助食品、サプリメント等に加工され販売されている。 　Ergothioneine (EGT) is a rare amino acid that has extremely high antioxidant activity among natural materials. Moreover, it is known that this ergothioneine is contained abundantly in Tamogitake. For this reason, for example, [Patent Document 1] below discloses an invention relating to a method for artificially cultivating Tamogitake. In addition to being sold as food, these Pleurotus cornucopiae are also processed into ergothioneine-containing supplementary foods and supplements and sold.
　また、本願発明者らは舞茸の栽培に適した、下記［特許文献２］に示す舞茸栽培装置に関する発明を行った。 In addition, the inventors of the present application have invented a maitake mushroom cultivation apparatus shown in [Patent Document 2] below, which is suitable for cultivating maitake mushrooms.
特開平３－１８０１２０号公報JP-A-3-180120 特許第３５４２０８２号公報Japanese Patent No. 3542082
　しかしながら、より多くのエルゴチオネインを得るためには、タモギタケ中のエルゴチオネインの含有量を増加（富化）させることが重要となる。 However, in order to obtain more ergothioneine, it is important to increase (enrich) the content of ergothioneine in Tamogitake.
　本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、エルゴチオネインの含有量を富化することが可能なタモギタケの栽培方法（エルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法）の提供を目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a method for cultivating Pleurotus cornucopia (ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method) capable of enriching the content of ergothioneine.
　本発明は、
（１）エルゴチオネインを含有するタモギタケの栽培方法であって、
栽培容器１０に培地を充填する工程（培地充填工程Ｓ２００）と、前記培地を殺菌する工程（殺菌工程Ｓ２０２）と、前記培地にタモギタケの種菌を植菌する工程（植菌工程Ｓ２０４）と、
上面３４に通気性を備えたフィルタ２０を有し前記上面３４側が小さい略円錐台形状の空間部４０ａを有する培養キャップ５０を前記栽培容器１０に被せ、所定の温度、湿度に維持してタモギタケの菌糸を生長させるとともに前記フィルタ２０の下方に子実体原基の形成を誘導する培養工程Ｓ２０６と、
前記培養キャップ５０を、上方に開口４２を備え前記開口４２側が小さい略円錐台形状の空間部４０ｂを有する育成キャップ８０に替えて前記栽培容器１０を所定の温度、湿度に維持し、前記子実体原基を前記開口４２を通した子実体に生長させる発生工程Ｓ２０８と、を有し、
前記発生工程Ｓ２０８は、前記育成キャップ８０の開口４２が生長する子実体の茎の数を制限することで子実体の傘を大型化し、前記子実体中のエルゴチオネインの含有量を富化させることを特徴とするタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法を提供することにより、上記課題を解決する。
（２）育成キャップ８０の開口４２の直径Ｌ２が１５ｍｍ～５０ｍｍであることを特徴とする上記（１）記載のタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法を提供することにより、上記課題を解決する。
（３）育成キャップ８０の略円錐台形状の空間部４０ｂの底角θ２が培養キャップ５０と同等であることを特徴とする上記（１）または上記（２）に記載のタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法を提供することにより、上記課題を解決する。 The present invention
(1) A method for cultivating Pleurotus cornucopiae containing ergothioneine,
A step of filling the cultivation container 10 with a medium (medium filling step S200), a step of sterilizing the medium (sterilization step S202), and a step of inoculating the seed culture of Tamogitake into the medium (inoculation step S204).
A culture cap 50 having an air-permeable filter 20 on the upper surface 34 and a substantially truncated cone-shaped space 40a that is smaller on the upper surface 34 side is placed on the cultivation container 10 and maintained at a predetermined temperature and humidity to grow Tamogitake mushrooms. a culturing step S206 for growing hyphae and inducing the formation of fruiting body primordium below the filter 20;
The culture cap 50 is replaced with a growth cap 80 having an opening 42 at the top and a substantially truncated conical space 40b that is smaller on the side of the opening 42. The cultivation container 10 is maintained at a predetermined temperature and humidity, and the fruiting body is a development step S208 of growing the primordium into a fruiting body through the opening 42;
In the generating step S208, the opening 42 of the nurturing cap 80 limits the number of stems of the fruiting body that grows, thereby enlarging the cap of the fruiting body and enriching the content of ergothioneine in the fruiting body. The above problems are solved by providing a method for ergothioneine-enriched cultivation of Pleurotus cornucopia.
(2) The above problem is solved by providing the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method for Pleurotus cornucopiae according to (1), characterized in that the diameter L2 of the opening 42 of the growth cap 80 is 15 mm to 50 mm.
(3) Ergothioneine-enriched cultivation of Pleurotus cornucopiae according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the bottom angle θ2 of the substantially truncated conical space 40b of the growth cap 80 is the same as that of the culture cap 50. The above problems are solved by providing a method.
　本発明に係るタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法によれば、従来のものよりも大型で、且つエルゴチオネインを多く含む傘部分の比率が高いエルゴチオネインの含有量が富化したタモギタケを栽培することができる。これにより、従来のタモギタケよりも多くのエルゴチオネインを得ることができる。 According to the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method for Pleurotus cornucopiae according to the present invention, it is possible to cultivate Pleurotus cornucopiae that are larger in size than conventional ones and enriched in ergothioneine content with a high ratio of cap parts containing a large amount of ergothioneine. This makes it possible to obtain more ergothioneine than conventional Pleurotus cornucopiae.
本発明に係るタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法に用いる培養キャップ、育成キャップを示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a culture cap and a growth cap used in the method for ergothioneine-enriched cultivation of Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention. 本発明に係るタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法を示すフローチャートである。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a flowchart which shows the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention. 本発明に係るタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法を説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention. 本発明によるタモギタケの画像である。1 is an image of Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention. 本発明によるタモギタケの部位別のエルゴチオネイン量を示すグラフである。4 is a graph showing the amount of ergothioneine for each part of Pleurotus ulmosum according to the present invention. 本発明によるタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン量を示すグラフである。1 is a graph showing the amount of ergothioneine in Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention.
　本発明に係るタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法の実施の形態について図面に基づいて説明する。先ず、本発明のエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法に用いる培養キャップ５０及び育成キャップ８０に関して説明を行う。ここで、図１（ａ）、（ｂ）は本発明のエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法に用いる培養キャップ５０の斜視図及び断面図である。また、図１（ｃ）、（ｄ）は本発明のエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法に用いる育成キャップ８０の斜視図及び断面図である。 An embodiment of the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method for Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the culture cap 50 and the growth cap 80 used in the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of the present invention will be described. Here, FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) are a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of a culture cap 50 used in the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of the present invention. 1 (c) and (d) are a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of a growth cap 80 used in the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of the present invention.
　図１に示す培養キャップ５０及び育成キャップ８０は共通する構成として、栽培容器１０の口部１２のフタとして機能するフランジ部３０と、このフランジ部３０の下方に設けられ培養キャップ５０もしくは育成キャップ８０を栽培容器１０の口部１２に着脱可能に装着する装着部３２と、フランジ部３０の上側に設けられ上方が小さい略円錐台形状の空間部４０ａ、４０ｂと、を有している。尚、栽培容器１０はキノコ栽培に用いられる周知の合成樹脂製の瓶であって、一般的には透明もしくは半透明のポリプロピレン等で形成される。 The culture cap 50 and the growth cap 80 shown in FIG. is detachably attached to the mouth portion 12 of the cultivation container 10, and substantially truncated conical space portions 40a and 40b provided on the upper side of the flange portion 30 and having a small upper portion. The cultivation container 10 is a well-known synthetic resin bottle used for mushroom cultivation, and is generally made of transparent or translucent polypropylene or the like.
　そして、本発明の培養キャップ５０は空間部４０ａが上面３４を有し、この上面３４の中央に通気口２６と、この通気口２６に設けられ通気性を備えたフィルタ２０とを有している。そして、このフィルタ２０は雑菌等の進入を阻害しながら、水蒸気や酸素、二酸化炭素等を空間部４０ａの内外で流通させる機能を有し、紙フィルタや合成樹脂製のフィルタ、不織布など、キノコ栽培に適した周知のものを用いることができる。尚、このフィルタ２０の設置方法には特に限定はないが、図１（ｂ）に示すように、培養キャップ５０の上面３４の周縁に側壁を形成して凹状とし、この凹状部に所定の径の開口を備えたフィルタ押さえ２２を嵌め込み、フィルタ２０を培養キャップ５０の上面３４とフィルタ押さえ２２の下面とで挟み込んで固定することが好ましい。また、培養キャップ５０の通気口２６の直径Ｌ１（本例ではフィルタ押さえ２２の開口の径）は、口部１２の径の１／１０～１／３とすることが好ましく、１／１０～１／４とすることが特に好ましい。よって、例えば口部１２の内径が５８ｍｍの栽培容器１０の場合、通気口２６の直径Ｌ１は概ね６ｍｍ～２０ｍｍが好ましく、６ｍｍ～１５ｍｍが特に好ましい値となる。 In the culture cap 50 of the present invention, the space 40a has an upper surface 34, a vent hole 26 in the center of the upper surface 34, and a filter 20 provided in the vent hole 26 and having air permeability. . And this filter 20 has a function of circulating water vapor, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc. inside and outside the space part 40a while inhibiting the entry of various germs, etc. can be used. The method for installing the filter 20 is not particularly limited, but as shown in FIG. , and the filter 20 is sandwiched between the upper surface 34 of the culture cap 50 and the lower surface of the filter holder 22 to be fixed. In addition, the diameter L1 of the ventilation port 26 of the culture cap 50 (in this example, the diameter of the opening of the filter holder 22) is preferably 1/10 to 1/3 of the diameter of the mouth portion 12, and 1/10 to 1/10. /4 is particularly preferable. Therefore, for example, in the case of the cultivation container 10 in which the inner diameter of the mouth portion 12 is 58 mm, the diameter L1 of the vent 26 is preferably approximately 6 mm to 20 mm, and particularly preferably 6 mm to 15 mm.
　そして、培養キャップ５０の略円錐台形の空間部４０ａは、通気口２６の下に位置する培地表面の中央部分を外部（培養室内）寄りの湿度（基本的に低湿度）とし、培地表面の周縁部との間で湿度勾配を形成することを目的としている。このため、空間部４０ａの底角（空間部４０ａの仮想底面と側壁３６とのなす角）θ１は７０°を超えると垂直に近くなって適度な湿度勾配を形成することが難しくなり、また底角θ１が３０°未満であると空間部４０ａの天井が低く後述する菌糸の盛り上がりの障害となる。従って、培養キャップ５０の空間部４０ａの底角θ１は３０°～７０°とすることが好ましい。 In the substantially truncated conical space 40a of the culture cap 50, the central portion of the culture medium surface located under the vent 26 has humidity (basically low humidity) toward the outside (inside the culture chamber), and the peripheral edge of the culture medium surface The purpose is to create a humidity gradient between the Therefore, if the bottom angle θ1 of the space 40a (the angle between the imaginary bottom of the space 40a and the side wall 36) exceeds 70°, it becomes nearly vertical, making it difficult to form an appropriate humidity gradient. If the angle θ1 is less than 30°, the ceiling of the space 40a is low, which hinders the growth of mycelia, which will be described later. Therefore, the base angle θ1 of the space 40a of the culture cap 50 is preferably 30° to 70°.
　また、図１（ｃ）、（ｄ）に示す、育成キャップ８０の空間部４０ｂは上方に開口４２を備えている。この開口４２の直径Ｌ２は生長させる子実体の数に関与し、開口４２の直径Ｌ２が１５ｍｍ未満であると、十分な数の子実体を得ることができず、また直径Ｌ２が４０ｍｍを超えると適正な数よりも子実体の茎数が多く形成されて、いずれもエルゴチオネインの富化量が低下する。よって、開口４２の直径Ｌ２は１５ｍｍ～５０ｍｍとすることが好ましく、２０ｍｍ～３０ｍｍとすることが特に好ましい。 In addition, the space 40b of the growth cap 80 shown in FIGS. 1(c) and 1(d) has an opening 42 above. The diameter L2 of the opening 42 is related to the number of fruiting bodies to be grown. More stalks of fruiting bodies are formed than in number, and in both cases the enrichment of ergothioneine is reduced. Therefore, the diameter L2 of the opening 42 is preferably 15 mm to 50 mm, particularly preferably 20 mm to 30 mm.
　尚、育成キャップ８０は培養キャップ５０の空間部４０ａ内に菌糸が盛り上がった状態で交換を行う可能性がある。このため、空間部４０ｂの底角θ２（空間部４０ｂの仮想底面と側壁３６とのなす角）が培養キャップ５０の底角θ１よりも小さいと盛り上がった菌糸を押し潰す可能性がある。また、育成キャップ８０の開口４２は栽培容器１０の開口を狭め菌糸と側壁３６との間の隙間を小さくし、この部分からの雑菌等の進入を阻害する機能をも有する。従って、空間部４０ｂの底角θ２はできるだけ小さくすることが好ましく、これらのことから空間部４０ｂの底角θ２は、７０°≧θ２≧θ１とし、θ２＝θ１とすることが最も好ましい。 It should be noted that there is a possibility that the culture cap 80 will be replaced while the hyphae are raised in the space 40a of the culture cap 50 . Therefore, if the base angle θ2 of the space 40b (the angle formed by the imaginary bottom surface of the space 40b and the side wall 36) is smaller than the base angle θ1 of the culture cap 50, the raised hyphae may be crushed. In addition, the opening 42 of the growth cap 80 narrows the opening of the cultivation container 10 to reduce the gap between the hyphae and the side wall 36, and has the function of inhibiting entry of germs and the like from this portion. Therefore, it is preferable to make the base angle θ2 of the space 40b as small as possible. For these reasons, the base angle θ2 of the space 40b is most preferably 70°≧θ2≧θ1 and θ2=θ1.
　次に、本発明に係るタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法に関して説明を行う。ここで、図２は本発明に係るタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法のフローチャートである。また、図３は本発明に係るタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法を説明するための模式図である。 Next, the method for ergothioneine-enriched cultivation of Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention will be explained. Here, FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method for Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention. Moreover, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention.
　本発明に係るタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法は、先ず図３（ａ）に示すように、例えばおが屑と米糠等の栄養源とを混合した周知の培地を栽培容器１０に充填する。この際、充填する培地の中央部に１．５ｃｍ径程度の接種穴を形成しておくことが好ましい（培地充填工程Ｓ２００）。 In the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method for Pleurotus cornucopiae according to the present invention, first, as shown in FIG. At this time, it is preferable to form an inoculation hole having a diameter of about 1.5 cm in the center of the medium to be filled (medium filling step S200).
　次に、栽培容器１０を周知の殺菌釜等で加熱して充填した培地の殺菌を行う（殺菌工程Ｓ２０２）。次に、図３（ｂ）に示すように、栽培容器１０の培地にタモギタケの種菌を植菌する（植菌工程Ｓ２０４）。尚、この植菌は無菌室等で接種穴に対して行う。そして、図３（ｃ）に示すように、植菌後の栽培容器１０の口部１２に本発明に係る培養キャップ５０を嵌め込み閉塞する。 Next, the culture container 10 is heated in a well-known sterilization kettle or the like to sterilize the filled culture medium (sterilization step S202). Next, as shown in FIG. 3(b), an inoculum of Pleurotus cornucopia is inoculated into the culture medium of the cultivation container 10 (inoculation step S204). This inoculation is carried out in a sterile room or the like for the inoculation hole. Then, as shown in FIG. 3(c), the culture cap 50 according to the present invention is fitted into the opening 12 of the cultivation container 10 after inoculation to close it.
　次に、培養キャップ５０が装着された栽培容器１０を所定の温度、湿度、例えば温度２０℃～２５℃、湿度６０％～７０％に維持された培養室で所定の期間保持する。これにより、植菌されたタモギタケの種菌は培地内で菌糸を生長させる。また、このとき培地の上表面より発生する水蒸気は、培養キャップ５０の略円錐台形の空間部４０ａの側壁３６に沿って内側に収束し、空間部４０ａの上面３４中央に設けられた通気口２６のフィルタ２０を通して培養室内に放出される。このとき一部の水蒸気は側壁３６の内面に結露して栽培容器１０内の周縁部に滴下する。これにより、培地表面の周縁部は培地表面の中央部分と比較して高湿度となり、中央部分が低湿度で周縁部が高湿度の湿度勾配が形成される。尚、培養室内の温度、湿度はタモギタケの生長に適した雰囲気に維持されているから、空気の流通が良く且つ生長に適した雰囲気の中央部分は周縁部よりも菌糸の生長が良く、図３（ｄ）に示すように中央部分の菌糸が盛り上がることとなる。そしてこの中央部分に子実体原基が形成されるもしくは形成可能な状態となる。このようにして、培養キャップ５０はフィルタ２０（通気口２６）の下方の中央部分に子実体原基の形成を誘導する（培養工程Ｓ２０６）。 Next, the cultivation container 10 with the culture cap 50 attached is held for a predetermined period in a culture room maintained at a predetermined temperature and humidity, for example, a temperature of 20°C to 25°C and a humidity of 60% to 70%. As a result, the seed fungus of Pleurotus cornucopia that has been inoculated grows hyphae in the medium. In addition, the water vapor generated from the upper surface of the medium at this time converges inward along the side wall 36 of the substantially frustoconical space 40a of the culture cap 50, and the air vent 26 provided in the center of the upper surface 34 of the space 40a is released into the culture chamber through the filter 20 of the. At this time, part of the water vapor condenses on the inner surface of the side wall 36 and drips onto the peripheral edge of the cultivation container 10 . As a result, the peripheral edge of the medium surface has a higher humidity than the central portion of the medium surface, forming a humidity gradient in which the central portion has low humidity and the peripheral portion has high humidity. The temperature and humidity in the culture chamber are maintained in an atmosphere suitable for the growth of Pleurotus cornucopia, so the central portion of the atmosphere suitable for the growth of Pleurotus cornucopia with good air flow has better mycelium growth than the peripheral portion. As shown in (d), the hyphae in the central portion rise. Then, a fruiting body primordium is formed or can be formed in this central portion. In this way, the culture cap 50 induces the formation of fruiting body primordia in the lower central portion of the filter 20 (vent 26) (culture step S206).
　そして、培地表面に子実体原基が形成もしくは形成可能な状態になると、図３（ｅ）に示すように、栽培容器１０に装着されていた培養キャップ５０を育成キャップ８０に付け替え、発生室に移動させる（発生工程Ｓ２０８）。この発生室は子実体の形成、生長に好適な所定の温度、湿度、例えば温度１５℃～２５℃、湿度８５％～９５％に維持されており、また適度な光が照射され、栽培容器１０はこの発生室内で所定の期間保持される。尚、栽培容器１０によるキノコの栽培方法では、子実体への生長を行う前に培地表面の菌糸を削り取る菌掻きを行うことが一般的である。しかしながら、本発明に係るタモギタケの栽培方法では、菌掻きを行わずに子実体の生長を行う。これにより、タモギタケの収穫を１週間程度早めることができる。 Then, when the fruiting body primordium is formed or can be formed on the medium surface, as shown in FIG. It is moved (generating step S208). This germination chamber is maintained at a predetermined temperature and humidity suitable for the formation and growth of fruiting bodies, for example, a temperature of 15° C. to 25° C. and a humidity of 85% to 95%. is held in this generation chamber for a predetermined period of time. In the method for cultivating mushrooms using the cultivation container 10, it is common to scrape off the hyphae on the surface of the culture medium before growing into fruiting bodies. However, in the method for cultivating Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention, the fruiting body is grown without the fungus scraping. As a result, harvesting of Tamogitake can be advanced by about one week.
　このとき、本発明に係るタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法では、培養工程Ｓ２０６にて培地表面の中央部分が盛り上がり子実体原基の形成が誘導されているから、中央部分の優位な子実体原基が優先的に大きな子実体を形成する。また、中央部分の上方は空間部４０ｂの開口４２が存在し、中央部分の優位な子実体は何ら制約を受けることなく生長を続ける。しかしながら、周縁部では中央部分と比較して子実体の形成が遅いことに加え、空間部４０ｂの側壁３６が子実体の形成を阻害するとともに菌糸の生長を中央側に誘導する。これにより、育成キャップ８０は生長する茎数（柄の数）を制限するとともに、中央側の優位な子実体の傘部をより大型化させる。またこのとき、空間部４０ｂの開口４２が栽培容器１０の開口を狭めることで、菌糸の盛り上がりと側壁３６との間の隙間を小さくし、この部分からの雑菌等の進入を阻害する。 At this time, in the method for ergothioneine-enriched cultivation of Pleurotus cornucopiae according to the present invention, the central portion of the culture medium surface swells in the culture step S206 and the formation of fruiting body primordia is induced. preferentially forms large fruiting bodies. Moreover, the opening 42 of the space 40b exists above the central portion, and the dominant fruiting body in the central portion continues to grow without any restrictions. However, in addition to the fact that fruiting body formation is slower in the peripheral part than in the central part, the side wall 36 of the space 40b inhibits fruiting body formation and induces the growth of hyphae to the central side. As a result, the growth cap 80 limits the number of growing stems (the number of stalks) and enlarges the cap portion of the dominant fruiting body on the central side. Further, at this time, the opening 42 of the space 40b narrows the opening of the cultivation container 10, thereby reducing the gap between the swelling of the mycelium and the side wall 36, thereby inhibiting entry of germs and the like from this portion.
　ここで、育成キャップ８０を用いた本発明の栽培方法によるタモギタケの画像を図４（ａ）に示す。また、比較のため育成キャップ８０を装着せずに生長させたタモギタケの画像を図４（ｂ）に示す。図４から、育成キャップ８０を用いて栽培したタモギタケは、育成キャップ８０を用いずに栽培したタモギタケと比較して、その傘が遥かに大きいことが判る。また、１つの栽培容器１０で収穫されたタモギタケの傘部分と柄部分の乾燥重量をそれぞれ測定したところ、育成キャップ８０を用いて栽培したタモギタケの傘部分の総重量は柄部分の約２．５倍で、タモギタケの全体の重量比で約７０ｗｔ％を占めたのに対し、育成キャップ８０を用いずに栽培したタモギタケの傘部分の乾燥重量は柄部分とほぼ同等で、タモギタケの全体の約５０ｗｔ％であった。さらに、収穫されたタモギタケの乾燥重量自体を比較した場合でも、本発明の栽培方法によるものの方が大きい値を示した。これらのことから、育成キャップ８０を用いた本発明のエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法によるタモギタケは、従来のものよりも大型化し、且つ傘部分の比率が高くなる事が判る。 Here, FIG. 4(a) shows an image of Pleurotus cornucopiae by the cultivation method of the present invention using the growth cap 80. FIG. For comparison, FIG. 4B shows an image of Pleurotus cornucopiae grown without the growth cap 80 attached. From FIG. 4 , it can be seen that the cornucopia cultivated using the cultivation cap 80 has a much larger cap than the cornucopia cultivated without the cultivation cap 80 . In addition, when the dry weight of the cap part and the stem part of the Tamogitake harvested in one cultivation container 10 was measured, the total weight of the cap part of the Tamogitake cultivated using the growth cap 80 was about 2.5 of the stem part. , and accounted for about 70 wt% of the total weight of Tamogitake, while the dry weight of the cap part of Tamogitake cultivated without using the cultivation cap 80 is almost the same as the stem part, and about 50 wt% of the whole Tamogitake. %Met. Furthermore, even when comparing the dry weight of the harvested Pleurotus cornucopiae itself, the value obtained by the cultivation method of the present invention showed a larger value. From these results, it can be seen that the Pleurotus cornucopiae produced by the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of the present invention using the growth cap 80 is larger than the conventional one and has a higher proportion of the cap portion.
　次に、タモギタケの部位別のエルゴチオネインの含有量を以下のようにして測定した。先ず、本発明の栽培方法によるタモギタケを収穫し野菜乾燥機（ラボネクト株式会社製：ドラミニ）を用いて４０℃で２４時間乾燥させた。次に、タモギタケを子実体（傘＋柄部分）と傘部分のみと柄部分のみとに分け、それぞれミキサ（タイガー魔法瓶株式会社製：ＳＫＲ－Ｊ２５０）により粉砕した。次に、粉砕した試料５．０ｇに対し水９０ｍＬを加え、オートクレーブ（株式会社トミー精工製：ＬＳＸ－７００）を用い９０℃で３０分、加熱抽出した。次に、抽出後の試料を吸引濾過した。次に濾過後の残渣に再度水を加え全量１００ｇとし、同様に加熱抽出した後、吸引濾過し、これらの操作を３回行った。そして、合計４回分の濾液を抽出液とした。次に、抽出液中のエルゴチオネイン量を高速液体クロマトグラフィー（ＵＰＬＣ）によって測定した。その結果を図５に示す。 Next, the ergothioneine content of each part of Tamogitake was measured as follows. First, Pleurotus cornucopia by the cultivation method of the present invention was harvested and dried at 40° C. for 24 hours using a vegetable dryer (manufactured by Labonect Co., Ltd.: Dramini). Next, Tamogitake was divided into the fruiting body (cap + stem portion), the cap portion only, and the stem portion only, and each of them was pulverized with a mixer (manufactured by Tiger Thermos Co., Ltd.: SKR-J250). Next, 90 mL of water was added to 5.0 g of the pulverized sample, and an autoclave (manufactured by Tomy Seiko Co., Ltd.: LSX-700) was used for heat extraction at 90° C. for 30 minutes. Next, the sample after extraction was subjected to suction filtration. Next, water was added again to the residue after filtration to make the total amount 100 g, and after heat extraction in the same manner, suction filtration was performed, and these operations were repeated three times. A total of four filtrates were used as extracts. Next, the amount of ergothioneine in the extract was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The results are shown in FIG.
　図５より、傘部分のエルゴチオネイン量は１２５０ｍｇ／１００ｇ－ｄｒｙであったのに対し、柄部分のエルゴチオネイン量は８００ｍｇ／１００ｇ－ｄｒｙであり、タモギタケのエルゴチオネインは傘部分に多く存在していることが判る。 From FIG. 5, the amount of ergothioneine in the cap portion was 1250 mg/100 g-dry, while the amount of ergothioneine in the stem portion was 800 mg/100 g-dry, indicating that a large amount of ergothioneine of Pleurotus cornucopia is present in the cap portion. I understand.
　次に、育成キャップ８０を用いた本発明のエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法で得られたタモギタケ（傘＋柄部分）のエルゴチオネイン量と、育成キャップ８０を用いずに同条件で栽培したタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン量との測定結果を図６に示す。図６より、育成キャップ８０を用いた本発明のエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法によるタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン量は１０００～１２００ｍｇ／１００ｇ－ｄｒｙであったのに対し、育成キャップ８０を用いずに栽培したタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン量は４００～８００ｍｇ／１００ｇ－ｄｒｙであり、このことからも本発明の栽培方法によるタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン量が明らかに富化していることが判る。これは、第一に本発明の栽培方法によるタモギタケの方がエルゴチオネインを多く含む傘部分の比率が多いためと考えられる。また、傘部分の比率を同等として試算しても育成キャップ８０を用いた本発明によるタモギタケの方がエルゴチオネイン量が多い傾向が認められた。従って、本発明に係るタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法は、タモギタケ自体のエルゴチオネインの含有量も富化させると考えられる。 Next, the amount of ergothioneine in Pleurotus cornucopia (umbrella + stem) obtained by the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of the present invention using the growing cap 80, and the amount of ergothioneine in Pleurotus cornucopia cultivated under the same conditions without using the growing cap 80. is shown in FIG. From FIG. 6, the amount of ergothioneine in Pleurotus cornucopiae by the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of the present invention using the growing cap 80 was 1000 to 1200 mg / 100 g-dry, whereas ergothioneine in Pleurotus cornucopiae cultivated without using the growing cap 80. The amount was 400 to 800 mg/100 g-dry, and this also shows that the amount of ergothioneine in Pleurotus cornucopiae cultivated by the cultivation method of the present invention is clearly enriched. This is probably because, firstly, the Pleurotus cornucopiae cultivated by the cultivation method of the present invention has a higher ratio of the cap portion containing a large amount of ergothioneine. In addition, even if the ratio of the cap portion is assumed to be the same, it was found that the amount of ergothioneine tends to be higher in the Pleurotus cornucopiae according to the present invention using the growth cap 80 . Therefore, it is considered that the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method for Pleurotus cornucopia according to the present invention also enriches the ergothioneine content of Pleurotus cornucopia itself.
　そして、上記のようにして栽培されたタモギタケは収穫され（収穫工程Ｓ２１０）、その後の工程で食用や乾燥、その他、然るべき加工が行われる。この際、本発明のエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法によるタモギタケは前述のようにエルゴチオネイン量が富化しているから、従来のタモギタケよりも多くのエルゴチオネインを得ることができる。これにより、特に補助食品、サプリメント等に加工する際には、従来よりもエルゴチオネインを高濃度で含有する製品を製造することができる。また、同量のタモギタケで従来よりも多くの製品を製造することができる。 Then, the Tamogitake cultivated as described above is harvested (harvesting step S210), and in subsequent steps, it is eaten, dried, and other appropriate processing is performed. At this time, since the amount of ergothioneine is enriched in the ergothioneine amount of Pleurotus cornucopiae by the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method of the present invention as described above, it is possible to obtain a larger amount of ergothioneine than the conventional Pleurotus cornucopiae. This makes it possible to produce products containing ergothioneine at a higher concentration than before, especially when processed into food supplements, supplements, and the like. In addition, more products than before can be produced with the same amount of Tamogitake.
　以上のように、本発明に係るタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法によれば、培養キャップ５０が培地表面の中央部分に子実体原基の形成を誘導し、育成キャップ８０が生長する子実体の数（茎の数）を制限するとともに、中央側の優位な子実体の傘部をより大型化させる。これにより、本発明によるタモギタケは、従来のものよりも大型化し、且つエルゴチオネインを多く含む傘部分の比率が高くなる。これにより、タモギタケのエルゴチオネインの含有量を富化することができる。 As described above, according to the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method for Pleurotus cornucopiae according to the present invention, the culture cap 50 induces the formation of fruiting body primordia in the central part of the culture medium surface, and the growth cap 80 grows the number of fruiting bodies (the number of stems) is limited, and the cap part of the dominant fruiting body on the central side is made larger. As a result, the Pleurotus cornucopiae according to the present invention is larger than the conventional one, and the ratio of the cap portion containing a large amount of ergothioneine is increased. This can enrich the ergothioneine content of Pleurotus cornucopiae.
　尚、本例で示したタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法の各工程、手順、栽培温度湿度、栽培方法、栽培設備、また培養キャップ５０及び育成キャップ８０の形状、寸法、デザイン、構成等は一例であるから上記の例に限定されるわけでは無く、本発明は本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で変更して実施することが可能である。 Each step, procedure, cultivation temperature and humidity, cultivation method, cultivation equipment, and the shape, size, design, configuration, etc. of the culture cap 50 and the growth cap 80 of the ergothioneine-enriched cultivation method for Pleurotus cornucopiae shown in this example are examples. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above example, and can be modified and implemented without departing from the gist of the present invention.
　　　　　　１０　　栽培容器
　　　　　　２０　　フィルタ
　　　　　　３４　　（培養キャップの）上面
　　　　　　４０ａ　（培養キャップの）空間部
　　　　　　４０ｂ　（育成キャップの）空間部
　　　　　　４２　　開口
　　　　　　５０　　培養キャップ
　　　　　　８０　　育成キャップ
　　　　　　Ｓ２０６　培養工程
　　　　　　Ｓ２０８　発生工程 10 Cultivation container 20 Filter 34 Upper surface (of culture cap) 40a Space part (of culture cap) 40b Space part (of growth cap) 42 Opening 50 Culture cap 80 Growth cap S206 Culture process S208 Generation process

Claims (3)

  1. エルゴチオネインを含有するタモギタケの栽培方法であって、
    栽培容器に培地を充填する工程と、
    前記培地を殺菌する工程と、
    前記培地にタモギタケの種菌を植菌する工程と、
    上面に通気性を備えたフィルタを有し前記上面側が小さい略円錐台形状の空間部を有する培養キャップを前記栽培容器に被せ、所定の温度、湿度に維持してタモギタケの菌糸を生長させるとともに前記フィルタの下方に子実体原基の形成を誘導する培養工程と、
    前記培養キャップを、上方に開口を備え前記開口側が小さい略円錐台形状の空間部を有する育成キャップに替えて前記栽培容器を所定の温度、湿度に維持し、前記子実体原基を前記開口を通した子実体に生長させる発生工程と、を有し、
    前記発生工程は、前記育成キャップの開口が生長する子実体の茎の数を制限することで子実体の傘を大型化し、前記子実体中のエルゴチオネインの含有量を富化させることを特徴とするタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法。     A method for cultivating Pleurotus cornucopiae containing ergothioneine,
    A step of filling the culture container with a culture medium;
    sterilizing the medium;
    A step of inoculating an inoculum of Pleurotus cornucopiae into the medium;
    A culture cap having an air-permeable filter on the top surface and a substantially truncated cone-shaped space portion that is small on the top surface side is placed on the cultivation container, and the hyphae of Pleurotus cornucopiae are grown while maintaining a predetermined temperature and humidity. a culturing step that induces the formation of a fruiting body primordium below the filter;
    The culture cap is replaced with a growth cap having an opening at the top and a substantially truncated cone-shaped space on the opening side, and the cultivation container is maintained at a predetermined temperature and humidity, and the fruiting body primordium is maintained at the opening. a developmental step of growing into a passed fruiting body;
    The development step is characterized in that the opening of the nurturing cap restricts the number of stems of the growing fruiting body, thereby enlarging the cap of the fruiting body and enriching the content of ergothioneine in the fruiting body. A method for ergothioneine-enriched cultivation of Tamogitake.
  2. 育成キャップの開口の直径が１５ｍｍ～５０ｍｍであることを特徴とする請求項１記載のタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法。 The method for ergothioneine-enriched cultivation of Pleurotus cornucopiae according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the opening of the growth cap is 15 mm to 50 mm.
  3. 育成キャップの略円錐台形状の空間部の底角が培養キャップと同等であることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載のタモギタケのエルゴチオネイン富化栽培方法。 3. The method for ergothioneine-enriched cultivation of Pleurotus cornucopiae according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base angle of the approximately truncated conical space of the growth cap is the same as that of the culture cap.
PCT/JP2021/024089 2021-03-18 2021-06-25 Method for enriching ergothioneine in and cultivating pleurotus cornucopiae WO2022195904A1 (en)

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JPH11196668A (en) * 1998-01-09 1999-07-27 Toshihiro Maeda Bottle culture of shimeji champignon
JP2001000042A (en) * 1999-06-17 2001-01-09 Nagano Kida Kogyo Kk Mushroom cultivation container and method of mushroom cultivation
JP2002159218A (en) * 2000-11-28 2002-06-04 Nagano Kida Kogyo Kk Cap for mushroom cultivation and method for cultivating mushroom using the same
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JPH11196668A (en) * 1998-01-09 1999-07-27 Toshihiro Maeda Bottle culture of shimeji champignon
JP2001000042A (en) * 1999-06-17 2001-01-09 Nagano Kida Kogyo Kk Mushroom cultivation container and method of mushroom cultivation
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