WO2022188899A2 - 一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备 - Google Patents

一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022188899A2
WO2022188899A2 PCT/CN2022/100594 CN2022100594W WO2022188899A2 WO 2022188899 A2 WO2022188899 A2 WO 2022188899A2 CN 2022100594 W CN2022100594 W CN 2022100594W WO 2022188899 A2 WO2022188899 A2 WO 2022188899A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
main frame
gear
connecting frame
frame
shaft
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PCT/CN2022/100594
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2022188899A3 (zh
Inventor
王娟
李同杰
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安徽科技学院
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Application filed by 安徽科技学院 filed Critical 安徽科技学院
Publication of WO2022188899A2 publication Critical patent/WO2022188899A2/zh
Priority to ZA2022/10518A priority Critical patent/ZA202210518B/en
Publication of WO2022188899A3 publication Critical patent/WO2022188899A3/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/08—Shock-testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
    • G01M13/021—Gearings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of gear testing, in particular to an easily detachable surrounding self-protection impact testing device for gear characteristic research.
  • Gear transmission large transmission torque, wide transmission speed range, the transmission ratio can be designed by the designer according to the design needs, the gear transmission power loss is low, the transmission efficiency is high, the transmission is stable, and the noise is low, so the gear transmission is widely used in transmission. High power, high load and fast speed, so stability and safety have become one of the key factors of gear transmission. Therefore, the fatigue strength factor, as one of the design requirements, should also be standardized.
  • the design and selection of consumables that are too bloated and consumables can achieve the fatigue strength of metal materials for long-term work and have a high safety factor, but it will waste society. Resources and human resources are not conducive to the application of industrial production. Therefore, in order to achieve the functions of machinery and equipment without wasting resources, it is particularly necessary to conduct impact tests on fatigue strength before the gears are put into use.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of impact test equipment that is easy to disassemble and assemble the surrounding self-protection for gear characteristic research, so as to solve the problem that the impact test of each gear block cannot be uniformly carried out in the above-mentioned background art, and can only be impacted by the side-view gear Using other objects to achieve the side-view effect will affect the accuracy of the test structure, which is quite different from the impact of the reagent gear running.
  • a kind of impact test equipment for the research of gear characteristics which is easy to disassemble and install surrounding self-protection, including:
  • the main frame is the main outer frame structure of the equipment, the top of the main frame is provided with a fixing plate, the outer surface of one end of the main frame is provided with a positioning groove, and the outer surface of one end of the main frame is provided with a data processor;
  • the connecting frame is located on the opposite side of the main frame, the outer surface of one end of the connecting frame is provided with a positioning block, the bottom of the connecting frame is provided with a discharge slot, and the front end of the connecting frame is provided with an observation window;
  • the load-bearing platform is located between the main frame and the connecting frame, and the inside of the load-bearing platform is sequentially provided with a tooth slot, a chute and a guide groove from top to bottom;
  • test gear located on the inner surface of the main frame, and a movable shaft is connected to the middle end of the test gear;
  • the reduction gear is preset inside the tooth slot, and the middle end of the reduction gear is connected with a linkage shaft;
  • the stepping motor is located on the outer surface of one end of the connecting frame, the output end of the stepping motor is connected with a rotating shaft, and the outer surface of the rotating shaft is respectively connected with a steel hammer and an eccentric wheel;
  • the touch sensor is located at the bottom of the bearing platform, the output end of the touch sensor is provided with a connection line, and the outer surface of the touch sensor is provided with a rubber cover.
  • the top surface of the main frame is provided with a guide rail, the outer surface of the guide rail is slidably connected with a protective plate, a first spring is arranged between the protective plate and the fixing plate, and the tail of the protective plate is Attached to the top surface of the main frame.
  • the protective plate forms a buffer structure with the guide rail and the first spring, when the protective plate moves to the end position, the movement resistance to the protective plate can be increased, and after the protective plate loses the driving force, the first spring The elastic force can reset the protective plate, so that the protective plate covers the upper end of the equipment along the guide rail, which not only facilitates the observation during the test, but also ensures the safety during the test.
  • an extension plate is symmetrically arranged on the outer surface of the protective plate, the distance between the inner surface of the front end of the extension plate and the main frame and the connecting frame is 20CM, and the protective plate and the eccentric wheel are in a sliding connection with each other. , the eccentric wheel and the rotating shaft are fixedly connected.
  • the protective plate forms a transmission structure through the extension plate and the eccentric wheel.
  • the protective plate can be in a state of reciprocating parallel movement, and at the same time, the distance between the extension plate and the main frame and the connecting frame can avoid the transmission process.
  • the friction with the equipment not only increases the protection performance, but also improves the stability of the transmission.
  • the outer surface of one end of the load-bearing platform is in an inclined structure
  • the load-bearing platform and the main frame are movably connected
  • one end of the load-bearing platform and the connecting frame are fixedly connected by clamping
  • the connecting frame The bottom is provided with a hinge, the other end of the hinge is connected with a sealing plate, and the circumference of the sealing plate is larger than the circumference of the discharge slot.
  • the shape structure inside the load-bearing platform can guide the broken tooth blocks, collect the broken pieces in a centralized manner, and avoid scattering in the inner corners of the equipment. Centralized disposal of debris accumulated at the bottom of the equipment improves the cleanliness of the inside of the equipment.
  • the steel hammer and the test gear are movably connected, the test gear and the reduction gear are in meshing connection, the outer surface of the reduction gear is slidably connected with resistance blocks, and the bottom surfaces of the resistance blocks are respectively provided with
  • There is a second spring and a linkage rod the linkage rod and the guide groove are in a snap-fit and sliding connection, the linkage rod and the touch sensor are movably connected, and the touch sensor and the data processor are electrically connected.
  • the test gear generates acceleration under the impact of the steel hammer, and rotates along the outer surface of the movable shaft. During the rotation, it meshes with the test gear for transmission. At the same time, the diameter difference can play a deceleration effect, and the test gear
  • the resistance block can be linked and slide along the outer surface of the resistance block to further improve the resistance effect, so that the test gear can only rotate by one tooth spacing under the hammer of the steel hammer, thus increasing the stability during the test.
  • the movable shaft and the interlocking shaft are of the same structure, and the other end of the movable shaft and the interlocking shaft is connected with a fixed bushing, and the inner surface of the fixed bushing is annularly distributed with clamping grooves,
  • a third spring is arranged inside the fixed shaft sleeve, and the third spring is respectively movably connected with the movable shaft and the interlocking shaft.
  • the outer surface of one end of the movable shaft and the interlocking shaft is provided with a clamping block, and the clamping block is connected to the outer surface of one end of the interlocking shaft.
  • the number of card slots is the same.
  • the clamping block provided on the outer surface of the movable shaft and the interlocking shaft meshes with the clamping groove provided on the inner surface of the fixed shaft sleeve, which can not only increase the transmission force, but also facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the test gear and the reduction gear, and the movement
  • the shaft and the interlocking shaft slide parallel to the fixed shaft sleeve, and one end of the shaft slides out of the fixed shaft sleeve.
  • the movable shaft and the interlocking shaft can be reset by a third spring.
  • the main frame and the connecting frame are of the same structure, and inside the main frame and the connecting frame are sequentially provided with a cotton layer, a reinforcing layer, a vacuum plate and a wear-resistant layer from the inside to the outside.
  • the cotton layer can improve the internal temperature insulation performance, avoid the external environment and temperature affecting the interior and cause errors in the test structure, and the reinforcement layer has an anti-penetration effect to prevent the debris from hitting the equipment and causing deformation.
  • the wear-resistant layer increases the strength of the equipment shell and also improves the overall safety.
  • the main frame and the connecting frame are both provided with threaded grooves, the left and right ends of the main frame and the connecting frame are provided with brackets, and the threaded grooves are threadedly connected with self-locking screws.
  • the lock screws are equally spaced at the connection between the main frame and the connecting frame, and the main frame and the connecting frame form a disassembly and assembly structure.
  • the main frame and the connecting frame wrap the load-bearing platform, and the connection method is in disassembly and assembly. While the impact detection test can be performed, the overall structure of the load-bearing platform can also be vacated separately, which is convenient for the completion of other various methods. impact detection, thus increasing the overall usability.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the easily disassembled surrounding self-protection impact test equipment for the study of the characteristics of the gear:
  • test gear By meshing and connecting the test gear to the upper end of a gear with a diameter larger than itself, and setting a steel impact hammer inside the equipment, the gear block on the outer surface of the gear is struck by the motor-controlled rotation, and the strength and Durable test, the acceleration generated by knocking makes the test gear rotate. Under the resistance of multiple deceleration structures, the test gear can only rotate one tooth number, which is convenient for the next impact side view task, and the continuous knocking of a single tooth block It can not only test for a long time and many times, but also obtain accurate test results according to a large base;
  • Fig. 1 is the overall internal frontal structure schematic diagram of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the overall front view structure schematic diagram of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is the overall top view structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the main frame and the connecting frame of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram of A area in Fig. 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main frame and the load-bearing platform of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the internal front structure of the fixed shaft sleeve of the present invention.
  • an easily detachable surrounding self-protection impact test equipment for gear characteristics research including:
  • the main frame 1 is the main frame structure of the equipment.
  • the top of the main frame 1 is provided with a fixing plate 5, the outer surface of one end of the main frame 1 is provided with a positioning groove 34, and the outer surface of one end of the main frame 1 is provided with a data processor 24; 3.
  • the outer surface of one end of the connecting frame 3 is provided with a positioning block 35, the bottom of the connecting frame 3 is provided with a discharge slot 15, and the front end of the connecting frame 3 is provided with an observation window 23;
  • the inside of the load-bearing platform 2 is provided with a tooth slot 16, a chute 26 and a guide slot 27 in sequence from top to bottom;
  • the test gear 8 is located on the inner surface of the main frame 1, and the middle end of the test gear 8 is connected with a movable shaft 7 ;
  • the reduction gear 10 is preset inside the tooth slot 16, and the middle end of the reduction gear 10 is connected with the linkage shaft 9;
  • the stepping motor 20 is located on the outer surface of one end of the connecting frame 3, and the output end of the stepping motor 20 is connected with the rotating shaft 11, the rotating shaft
  • the outer surface of 11 is respectively connected with steel hammer 12 and eccentric wheel 21;
  • touch sensor 31 is located at the bottom of bearing platform 2, the output end of touch sensor 31 is provided with connecting line 33, and
  • the top surface of the main frame 1 is provided with a guide rail 17, the outer surface of the guide rail 17 is slidably connected with a protective plate 4, a first spring 6 is arranged between the protective plate 4 and the fixed plate 5, and the tail of the protective plate 4 is attached to the top surface of the main frame 1.
  • Connection; the protective plate 4 forms a buffer structure with the guide rail 17 and the first spring 6, when the protective plate 4 moves to the end position, it can increase the resistance to the movement of the protective plate 4, and after the protective plate 4 loses the driving force, it passes through the first
  • the elastic force of a spring 6 can reset the protective plate 4, so that the protective plate 4 covers the upper end of the equipment along the guide rail 17, which not only facilitates observation during the testing process, but also ensures the safety during the testing process.
  • the outer surface of the protective plate 4 is symmetrically provided with an extension plate 19.
  • the distance between the inner surface of the front end of the extension plate 19 and the main frame 1 and the connecting frame 3 is 20CM. It is a fixed connection; the protective plate 4 forms a transmission structure with the eccentric wheel 21 through the extension plate 19. Under the driving of the eccentric wheel 21, the protective plate 4 can be in a state of reciprocating parallel movement, and the extension plate 19 is formed with the main frame 1 and the connecting frame 3 at the same time. The distance between them can avoid friction with the equipment during the transmission process, which not only increases the protection performance, but also improves the stability of the transmission.
  • the outer surface of one end of the bearing platform 2 is in an inclined structure.
  • the bearing platform 2 and the main frame 1 are movably connected, and one end of the bearing platform 2 is connected with the connecting frame 3 for a fixed connection.
  • the bottom of the connecting frame 3 is provided with a hinge 13.
  • the hinge 13 The other end is connected with a sealing plate 14, the circumference of the sealing plate 14 is greater than the circumference of the discharge chute 15; the shape structure inside the load-bearing platform 2 can guide the broken tooth blocks and collect the pieces in a centralized manner to avoid scattering in the equipment.
  • the sealing plate 14 provided on the load-bearing platform 2 can block the debris, which is convenient for centralized processing of debris accumulated at the bottom of the equipment, thereby improving the cleanliness of the equipment.
  • the steel hammer 12 is movably connected to the test gear 8, the test gear 8 is meshed with the reduction gear 10, the outer surface of the reduction gear 10 is slidably connected with a resistance block 28, and the bottom surface of the resistance block 28 is respectively provided with a second spring 29 and a linkage rod 30.
  • the linkage rod 30 and the guide groove 27 are snap-fitted and slidingly connected, the linkage rod 30 and the touch sensor 31 are movably connected, and the touch sensor 31 and the data processor 24 are electrically connected; the test gear 8 is knocked on the steel hammer 12.
  • the acceleration is generated by hitting it, and it rotates along the outer surface of the movable shaft 7. During the rotation, it meshes with the test gear 8 for transmission.
  • the diameter difference can play a deceleration effect
  • the test gear 8 can be linked with the resistance block 28, along the The outer surface of the resistance block 28 slides, which further enhances the resistance effect, so that the test gear 8 can only rotate by one tooth spacing under the knock of the steel hammer 12, thereby increasing the stability during the test.
  • the movable shaft 7 and the interlocking shaft 9 are of the same structure.
  • the other end of the movable shaft 7 and the interlocking shaft 9 is connected with a fixed shaft sleeve 25.
  • the inner surface of the fixed shaft sleeve 25 is annularly distributed with a clamping groove 41, and the inside of the fixed shaft sleeve 25 is provided with
  • the third spring 43, the third spring 43 is respectively movably connected with the movable shaft 7 and the interlocking shaft 9, and the outer surfaces of one end of the movable shaft 7 and the interlocking shaft 9 are provided with blocks 42, and the number of the blocks 42 and the grooves 41 is the same;
  • the clamping block 42 provided on the outer surface of the movable shaft 7 and the interlocking shaft 9 meshes with the clamping groove 41 provided on the inner surface of the fixed shaft sleeve 25, which can not only increase the transmission force, but also facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the test gear 8 and the reduction gear 10.
  • the movable shaft 7 and the interlocking shaft 9 slide in parallel along the fixed shaft sleeve 25, one end of which slides out of the fixed shaft sleeve 25, during installation, the movable shaft 7 and the interlocking shaft 9 can be reset by the third spring 43 .
  • the main frame 1 and the connecting frame 3 are of the same structure.
  • the main frame 1 and the connecting frame 3 are sequentially provided with a cotton layer 37, a reinforcing layer 38, a vacuum plate 39 and a wear-resistant layer 40 from the inside to the outside; the cotton layer 37 can improve the internal resistance.
  • Insulation performance to avoid the external environment and temperature affecting the interior and lead to errors in the test structure, the reinforcement layer 38 has an anti-penetration effect, and avoids deformation caused by fragments hitting the equipment, and the vacuum plate 39 and the wear-resistant layer 40 improve the equipment housing strength, but also improves overall safety.
  • the main frame 1 and the connecting frame 3 are both provided with threaded grooves 36, the left and right ends of the main frame 1 and the connecting frame 3 are provided with brackets 18, and the internal screw grooves 36 are threadedly connected with self-locking screws 22, and the self-locking screws 22 are equally spaced.
  • the main frame 1 and the connecting frame 3 constitute a disassembly and assembly structure; the main frame 1 and the connecting frame 3 wrap the load-bearing platform 2, and the connection method is in disassembly and assembly, which can be used for impact testing.
  • the overall structure of the load-bearing platform 2 can also be vacated separately, so as to facilitate the completion of other multiple impact detections in different ways, thereby increasing the overall practicability.
  • test gear 8 and the reduction gear 10 are firstly fixed inside the fixed shaft sleeve 25 at the corresponding position, and they are meshed and connected to each other. Then connect the power supply to the device, start the stepping motor 20 to rotate the rotating shaft 11, the rotating shaft 11 controls the steel hammer 12 to rotate rapidly in a short range, and hits one end of the test gear 8. Due to the different rigidity, the test gear 8 is damaged. The strength is large, and the acceleration generated by the impact makes the test gear 8 rotate clockwise.
  • the test gear 8 meshes with the reduction gear 10 for transmission, and the diameter difference will generate a large torque force, which hinders the rotation distance of the test gear 8, and the reduction gear 10 rotates in the opposite direction and slides along the outer surface of the resistance block 28 to increase the resistance again.
  • it can also control the number of rotating teeth of the test gear 8.
  • the linkage rod 30 and the touch sensor 31 are connected to each other.
  • the touch sensor 31 transmits the touch signal from the connection line 33 to the data processor 24 for counting. After the resistance block 28 is separated from the reduction gear 10, it is reset by the second spring 29.
  • the protective plate 4 covers and protects the gap at the upper end of the equipment.
  • the eccentric wheel 21 slides along the outer surface of the eccentric wheel 21, and is connected in parallel. Move the protective plate 4 to move the protective plate 4 in parallel along the outer surface of the guide rail 17, and open the gap at the upper end of the equipment to facilitate observation.
  • the main frame 1 and the connecting frame 3 pass through the positioning grooves 34 and positioning blocks 35 provided inside, which facilitates positioning, installation and automatic disassembly, thereby increasing the overall practicability.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备，包括主框架，为设备主要的外框结构，所述主框架的顶部设置有固定板，所述主框架一端外表面开设有定位槽，所述主框架一端外表面设有数据处理器；连接架，位于所述主框架对立面，所述连接架一端外表面设置有定位块。该齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备，连接处垂直分布有多个螺纹槽与自锁螺杆进行固定连接，增加两个壳体连接处的强度，并且拆装便捷，只需将螺杆取出或安装，可实现自动定位安装与自动分解的效果，同时壳体内部设置有多个防护结构，不仅可以减少外部环境对测试造成的影响，同时也可以防止内部冲击产生的碎片而导致设备变形。

Description

一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备 技术领域
本发明涉及齿轮测试技术领域，具体为一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备。
背景技术
齿轮传动，传输力矩大，传动速度范围广，传动比可由设计者按设计需要设计，齿轮传动功率损耗低，传动效率高，传动平稳，噪音低，因此齿轮传动被广泛运用到传动中，齿轮传动功率大，高负载，速度快，因此稳定性和安全性成为齿轮传动的关键因素之一，高速齿轮运动机械的失效故障，也备受业界关注，由于金属材料的疲劳强度往往会在长期工作使用中，产生强度降低现象，因此疲劳强度因素作为设计要求范围之一，也应加以规范，过于臃肿、耗材的设计选用，虽然可达到金属材料长期工作的疲劳强度，安全系数高，但会浪费社会资源和人力资源，其不利于工业生产的应用，所以要做到既不浪费资源又能安全实现机器设备功能，对齿轮投入使用前进行耐疲劳强度的冲击试验尤为必要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备，以解决上述背景技术中提出无法均匀的对每个齿块进行冲击测试，只能由侧视齿轮撞击别的物体来达到侧视效果，影响测试结构的准确性，与试剂齿轮运行所受到的冲击具有较大差别的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备，包括：
主框架，为设备主要的外框结构，所述主框架的顶部设置有固定板，所述主框架一端外表面开设有定位槽，所述主框架一端外表面设有数据处理器；
连接架，位于所述主框架对立面，所述连接架一端外表面设置有定位块，所述连接架底部设置有排料槽，所述连接架前端设置有观察窗；
承重台，位于所述主框架与所述连接架之间，所述承重台内部从上到 下依次开设有齿槽、滑槽和导向槽；
测试齿轮，位于所述主框架内表面，所述测试齿轮中端连接有活动轴；
减速齿轮，预设在所述齿槽内部，所述减速齿轮中端连接有连动轴；
步进电机，位于所述连接架一端外表面，所述步进电机输出端连接有转轴，所述转轴的外表面分别连接有钢锤与偏心轮；
触摸传感器，位于所述承重台底部，所述触摸传感器的输出端设置有连接线路，所述触摸传感器外表面设有橡胶套。
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述主框架顶表面设置有导轨，所述导轨外表面滑动连接有防护板，所述防护板与固定板之间设置有第一弹簧，所述防护板的尾部与主框架顶表面贴合连接。
采用上述技术方案，防护板通过与导轨和第一弹簧构成缓冲结构，在防护板向末端位置时，能够对增加对防护板的移动阻力，并且在防护板失去推动力后，通过第一弹簧的弹力可以对防护板进行复位，使防护板沿着导轨对设备上端进行遮盖，既便于对测试过程中进行观察，也保证了测试过程中的安全性。
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述防护板外表面对称设置有延伸板，所述延伸板前端内表面与主框架和连接架的间距为20CM，所述防护板与偏心轮为贴合滑动连接，所述偏心轮与转轴为固定连接。
采用上述技术方案，防护板通过延伸板与偏心轮形成传动结构，在偏心轮的带动下，防护板能够处于往复平行移动状态，同时延伸板与主框架和连接架产生的间距，能够避免传动过程中与设备产生摩擦，不仅增加了防护性能，同时还提高了传动的稳定性。
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述承重台一端外表面呈倾斜状结构，所述承重台与主框架为活动连接，所述承重台的一端与连接架为卡合固定连接，所述连接架底部设置有合页，所述合页的另一端连接有密封板，所述密封板周长大于排料槽周长。
采用上述技术方案，承重台内部的形状结构，能够对破碎的齿块进行导向，对碎块进行集中收集，避免散落在设备内部角落，同时承重台设置的密封板可对碎块进行阻挡，便于集中处理设备底部积累的碎块，从而提高了设备内部的整洁性。
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述钢锤与测试齿轮为活动连接，所述测试齿轮与减速齿轮为啮合连接，所述减速齿轮外表面滑动连接有阻力块，所述阻力块底表面分别设置有第二弹簧和连动杆，所述连动杆与导向槽为卡合滑动连接，所述连动杆与触摸传感器为活动连接，所述触摸传感器与数据处理器为电性连接。
采用上述技术方案，测试齿轮在钢锤的敲击下产生加速度，并沿着活动轴外表面进行转动，转动的过程中与测试齿轮啮合传动，同时直径大小差可以起到减速效果，并且测试齿轮可连动阻力块，沿着阻力块外表面滑动，进一步的提升阻力效果，使测试齿轮在钢锤的敲击下，只能够转动一个齿数间距，从而增加了测试过程中的稳定性。
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述活动轴与连动轴为相同结构，所述活动轴与连动轴的另一端连接有固定轴套，所述固定轴套内表面环形分布有卡槽，所述固定轴套内部设置有第三弹簧，所述第三弹簧分别与活动轴与连动轴活动连接，所述活动轴与连动轴一端外表面均设置有卡块，所述卡块与卡槽数量相同。
采用上述技术方案，活动轴与连动轴外表面所设置的卡块与固定轴套内表面设置的卡槽相互啮合，不仅可以增加传动力，同时还便于对测试齿轮与减速齿轮拆装，活动轴与连动轴沿着固定轴套平行滑动，其中一端滑出固定轴套内部，在安装时，可由第三弹簧对活动轴与连动轴起到复位作用。
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述主框架与连接架为相同结构，所述主框架与连接架内部从内到外依次设置有棉层、强化层、真空板和耐磨层。
采用上述技术方案，棉层可提高内部的隔温性能，避免外部环境及温度影响到内部而导致测试结构出现误差，强化层起到防贯穿效果，避免碎块撞击设备而导致变形，真空板和耐磨层提高设备壳体的强度，也提高了整体的安全性。
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述主框架与连接架内部均设置有螺纹槽，主框架与连接架左右两端均设置有支架，所述螺纹槽内部螺纹连接有自锁螺杆，所述自锁螺杆等间距分布在主框架与连接架连接处，所述主框架与连接架构成拆装结构。
采用上述技术方案，主框架与连接架对承重台进行包裹，并且连接方式处于拆装，可进行冲击检测试验的同时，还可以对承重台整体结构单独空出，便于配合完成其余多项不同方式的冲击检测，从而增加了整体的实用性。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：该齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备：
1.通过将测试齿轮啮合连接在一个直径大于自身的齿轮上端，并且在设备内部设置一个钢制冲击锤，以电机控制旋转的方式对齿轮外表面的齿块进行敲击，对齿轮的强度及耐久进行测试，敲击所产生的加速度使测试齿轮进行旋转，在多个减速结构的阻力下，使测试齿轮只能够旋转一个齿数，便于进行下一次的冲击侧视任务，单齿块的持续敲击，不仅可以长时间多次数的进行测试，同时还可以根据大基数得出准确的测试结果；
2.通过在连接件与主框架连接处设置相吻合的定位槽与定位块，并且在连接处垂直分布有多个螺纹槽与自锁螺杆进行固定连接，增加两个壳体连接处的强度，并且拆装便捷，只需将螺杆取出或安装，可实现自动定位安装与自动分解的效果，同时壳体内部设置有多个防护结构，不仅可以减少外部环境对测试造成的影响，同时也可以防止内部冲击产生的碎片而导致设备变形，从而增加了整体的安全性。
附图说明
图1为本发明整体内部正视结构示意图；
图2为本发明整体正视结构示意图；
图3为本发明整体俯视结构示意图；
图4为本发明主框架与连接架俯视结构示意图；
图5为本发明图1中A区放大结构示意图；
图6为本发明主框架和承重台内部结构示意图；
图7为本发明固定轴套内部正视结构示意图。
图中：1、主框架；2、承重台；3、连接架；4、防护板；5、固定板；6、第一弹簧；7、活动轴；8、测试齿轮；9、连动轴；10、减速齿轮；11、转轴；12、钢锤；13、合页；14、密封板；15、排料槽；16、齿槽；17、导轨；18、支架；19、延伸板；20、步进电机；21、偏心轮；22、自锁螺 杆；23、观察窗；24、数据处理器；25、固定轴套；26、滑槽；27、导向槽；28、阻力块；29、第二弹簧；30、连动杆；31、触摸传感器；32、橡胶套；33、连接线路；34、定位槽；35、定位块；36、螺纹槽；37、棉层；38、强化层；39、真空板；40、耐磨层；41、卡槽；42、卡块；43、第三弹簧。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1-7，本发明提供一种技术方案：一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备，包括：
主框架1，为设备主要的外框结构，主框架1的顶部设置有固定板5，主框架1一端外表面开设有定位槽34，主框架1一端外表面设有数据处理器24；连接架3，位于主框架1对立面，连接架3一端外表面设置有定位块35，连接架3底部设置有排料槽15，连接架3前端设置有观察窗23；承重台2，位于主框架1与连接架3之间，承重台2内部从上到下依次开设有齿槽16、滑槽26和导向槽27；测试齿轮8，位于主框架1内表面，测试齿轮8中端连接有活动轴7；减速齿轮10，预设在齿槽16内部，减速齿轮10中端连接有连动轴9；步进电机20，位于连接架3一端外表面，步进电机20输出端连接有转轴11，转轴11的外表面分别连接有钢锤12与偏心轮21；触摸传感器31，位于承重台2底部，触摸传感器31的输出端设置有连接线路33，触摸传感器31外表面设有橡胶套32。
主框架1顶表面设置有导轨17，导轨17外表面滑动连接有防护板4，防护板4与固定板5之间设置有第一弹簧6，防护板4的尾部与主框架1顶表面贴合连接；防护板4通过与导轨17和第一弹簧6构成缓冲结构，在防护板4向末端位置时，能够对增加对防护板4的移动阻力，并且在防护板4失去推动力后，通过第一弹簧6的弹力可以对防护板4进行复位，使防护板4沿着导轨17对设备上端进行遮盖，既便于对测试过程中进行 观察，也保证了测试过程中的安全性。
防护板4外表面对称设置有延伸板19，延伸板19前端内表面与主框架1和连接架3的间距为20CM，防护板4与偏心轮21为贴合滑动连接，偏心轮21与转轴11为固定连接；防护板4通过延伸板19与偏心轮21形成传动结构，在偏心轮21的带动下，防护板4能够处于往复平行移动状态，同时延伸板19与主框架1和连接架3产生的间距，能够避免传动过程中与设备产生摩擦，不仅增加了防护性能，同时还提高了传动的稳定性。
承重台2一端外表面呈倾斜状结构，承重台2与主框架1为活动连接，承重台2的一端与连接架3为卡合固定连接，连接架3底部设置有合页13，合页13的另一端连接有密封板14，密封板14周长大于排料槽15周长；承重台2内部的形状结构，能够对破碎的齿块进行导向，对碎块进行集中收集，避免散落在设备内部角落，同时承重台2设置的密封板14可对碎块进行阻挡，便于集中处理设备底部积累的碎块，从而提高了设备内部的整洁性。
钢锤12与测试齿轮8为活动连接，测试齿轮8与减速齿轮10为啮合连接，减速齿轮10外表面滑动连接有阻力块28，阻力块28底表面分别设置有第二弹簧29和连动杆30，连动杆30与导向槽27为卡合滑动连接，连动杆30与触摸传感器31为活动连接，触摸传感器31与数据处理器24为电性连接；测试齿轮8在钢锤12的敲击下产生加速度，并沿着活动轴7外表面进行转动，转动的过程中与测试齿轮8啮合传动，同时直径大小差可以起到减速效果，并且测试齿轮8可连动阻力块28，沿着阻力块28外表面滑动，进一步的提升阻力效果，使测试齿轮8在钢锤12的敲击下，只能够转动一个齿数间距，从而增加了测试过程中的稳定性。
活动轴7与连动轴9为相同结构，活动轴7与连动轴9的另一端连接有固定轴套25，固定轴套25内表面环形分布有卡槽41，固定轴套25内部设置有第三弹簧43，第三弹簧43分别与活动轴7与连动轴9活动连接，活动轴7与连动轴9一端外表面均设置有卡块42，卡块42与卡槽41数量相同；活动轴7与连动轴9外表面所设置的卡块42与固定轴套25内表面设置的卡槽41相互啮合，不仅可以增加传动力，同时还便于对测试齿 轮8与减速齿轮10拆装，活动轴7与连动轴9沿着固定轴套25平行滑动，其中一端滑出固定轴套25内部，在安装时，可由第三弹簧43对活动轴7与连动轴9起到复位作用。
主框架1与连接架3为相同结构，主框架1与连接架3内部从内到外依次设置有棉层37、强化层38、真空板39和耐磨层40；棉层37可提高内部的隔温性能，避免外部环境及温度影响到内部而导致测试结构出现误差，强化层38起到防贯穿效果，避免碎块撞击设备而导致变形，真空板39和耐磨层40提高设备壳体的强度，也提高了整体的安全性。
主框架1与连接架3内部均设置有螺纹槽36，主框架1与连接架3左右两端均设置有支架18，螺纹槽36内部螺纹连接有自锁螺杆22，自锁螺杆22等间距分布在主框架1与连接架3连接处，主框架1与连接架3构成拆装结构；主框架1与连接架3对承重台2进行包裹，并且连接方式处于拆装，可进行冲击检测试验的同时，还可以对承重台2整体结构单独空出，便于配合完成其余多项不同方式的冲击检测，从而增加了整体的实用性。
工作原理：在使用该齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备时，首先将测试齿轮8与减速齿轮10分别固定在对应位置的固定轴套25内部，并将相互啮合连接，随后为设备接上电源，启动步进电机20对转轴11进行旋转，转轴11控制钢锤12短幅度急速旋转，并对测试齿轮8的一端齿块进行撞击，由于刚性不同，测试齿轮8受损强度较大，撞击产生的加速度使测试齿轮8顺时针旋转，与此同时，测试齿轮8与减速齿轮10啮合传动，直径差会产生较大扭矩力，使测试齿轮8的旋转距离受阻，减速齿轮10相反方向旋转，并沿着阻力块28外表面滑动，再次提高受阻力，同时还可以对测试齿轮8旋转齿数进行控制，阻力块28活动的过程中带动连动杆30与触摸传感器31相互连动，触摸传感器31将触碰信号从连接线路33传输到数据处理器24进行计数，阻力块28与减速齿轮10分离后由第二弹簧29进行复位，当钢锤12与减速齿轮10敲击时，偏心轮21与钢锤12位置相互对称，同时防护板4对设备上端缺口处进行遮盖防护，当钢锤12与测试齿轮8分离时，偏心轮21沿着偏心轮21外表面滑动，并连动防护板4，使防护板4沿着导轨17外表面平行移动， 将设备上端缺口敞开，便于进行观察，当需对设备防护结构进行拆装使，只需取下或安装自锁螺杆22即可，主框架1与连接架3通过内部设置的定位槽34和定位块35，便于定位安装和自动拆解，从而增加了整体的实用性。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备，其特征在于，包括：
    主框架(1)，为设备主要的外框结构，所述主框架(1)的顶部设置有固定板(5)，所述主框架(1)一端外表面开设有定位槽(34)，所述主框架(1)一端外表面设有数据处理器(24)；
    连接架(3)，位于所述主框架(1)对立面，所述连接架(3)一端外表面设置有定位块(35)，所述连接架(3)底部设置有排料槽(15)，所述连接架(3)前端设置有观察窗(23)；
    承重台(2)，位于所述主框架(1)与所述连接架(3)之间，所述承重台(2)内部从上到下依次开设有齿槽(16)、滑槽(26)和导向槽(27)；
    测试齿轮(8)，位于所述主框架(1)内表面，所述测试齿轮(8)中端连接有活动轴(7)；
    减速齿轮(10)，预设在所述齿槽(16)内部，所述减速齿轮(10)中端连接有连动轴(9)；
    步进电机(20)，位于所述连接架(3)一端外表面，所述步进电机(20)输出端连接有转轴(11)，所述转轴(11)的外表面分别连接有钢锤(12)与偏心轮(21)；
    触摸传感器(31)，位于所述承重台(2)底部，所述触摸传感器(31)的输出端设置有连接线路(33)，所述触摸传感器(31)外表面设有橡胶套(32)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备，其特征在于：所述主框架(1)顶表面设置有导轨(17)，所述导轨(17)外表面滑动连接有防护板(4)，所述防护板(4)与固定板(5)之间设置有第一弹簧(6)，所述防护板(4)的尾部与主框架(1)顶表面贴合连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备，其特征在于：所述防护板(4)外表面对称设置有延伸板(19)，所述延伸板(19)前端内表面与所述主框架(1)和所述连接架(3) 的间距为20CM，所述防护板(4)与所述偏心轮(21)为贴合滑动连接，所述偏心轮(21)与所述转轴(11)为固定连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备，其特征在于：所述承重台(2)一端外表面呈倾斜状结构，所述承重台(2)与所述主框架(1)为活动连接，所述承重台(2)的一端与所述连接架(3)为卡合固定连接，所述连接架(3)底部设置有合页(13)，所述合页(13)的另一端连接有密封板(14)，所述密封板(14)周长大于所述排料槽(15)的周长。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备，其特征在于：所述钢锤(12)与所述测试齿轮(8)为活动连接，所述测试齿轮(8)与所述减速齿轮(10)为啮合连接，所述减速齿轮(10)外表面滑动连接有阻力块(28)，所述阻力块(28)底表面分别设置有第二弹簧(29)和连动杆(30)，所述连动杆(30)与导向槽(27)为卡合滑动连接，所述连动杆(30)与所述触摸传感器(31)为活动连接，所述触摸传感器(31)与数据处理器(24)为电性连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备，其特征在于：所述活动轴(7)与所述连动轴(9)为相同结构，所述活动轴(7)与所述连动轴(9)的另一端连接有固定轴套(25)，所述固定轴套(25)内表面环形分布有卡槽(41)，所述固定轴套(25)内部设置有第三弹簧(43)，所述第三弹簧(43)分别与所述活动轴(7)与所述连动轴(9)活动连接，所述活动轴(7)与所述连动轴(9)一端外表面均设置有卡块(42)，所述卡块(42)与所述卡槽(41)数量相同。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备，其特征在于：所述主框架(1)与所述连接架(3)为相同结构，所述主框架(1)与所述连接架(3)内部从内到外依次设置有棉层(37)、强化层(38)、真空板(39)和耐磨层(40)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种齿轮特性研究用易拆装的周围自防护的冲击测试设备，其特征在于：所述主框架(1)与所述连接架(3)内部均设置有螺纹槽(36)，所述主框架(1)与所述连接架(3)左右两端均设置有支架(18)，所述螺纹槽(36)内部螺纹连接有自锁螺杆(22)，所述 自锁螺杆(22)等间距分布在所述主框架(1)与所述连接架(3)连接处，所述主框架(1)与所述连接架(3)构成拆装结构。
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