WO2022186272A1 - 含フッ素化合物の製造方法及び表面処理剤の製造方法 - Google Patents
含フッ素化合物の製造方法及び表面処理剤の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022186272A1 WO2022186272A1 PCT/JP2022/008853 JP2022008853W WO2022186272A1 WO 2022186272 A1 WO2022186272 A1 WO 2022186272A1 JP 2022008853 W JP2022008853 W JP 2022008853W WO 2022186272 A1 WO2022186272 A1 WO 2022186272A1
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 234
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000012756 surface treatment agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
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- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
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- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
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- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
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- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
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- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
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- CWIFAKBLLXGZIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)ethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)OCC(F)(F)F CWIFAKBLLXGZIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 3
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
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- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 3
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- 229910006358 Si—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triiodomethane Natural products IC(I)I OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- BHELZAPQIKSEDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC=C BHELZAPQIKSEDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940043279 diisopropylamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012039 electrophile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000006341 heptafluoro n-propyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006459 hydrosilylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012966 redox initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G65/329—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
- C08G65/337—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing other elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/04—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing carboxylic acids or their salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
- B01J31/28—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24 of the platinum group metals, iron group metals or copper
- B01J31/30—Halides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B61/00—Other general methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/18—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds
- C07C41/30—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by increasing the number of carbon atoms, e.g. by oligomerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C43/00—Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C43/02—Ethers
- C07C43/03—Ethers having all ether-oxygen atoms bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C43/14—Unsaturated ethers
- C07C43/17—Unsaturated ethers containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
- C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G65/329—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G65/329—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
- C08G65/336—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a fluorine-containing compound and a method for producing a surface treatment agent.
- Fluorine compounds are used in a variety of fields such as agricultural chemicals, medicines, and functional materials, and there is a demand for synthesizing diverse structures by simpler methods.
- Patent Literature 1 discloses a method for producing a fluorine-containing compound in which a perfluoroalkyl bromide is added to an olefin compound by a radical reaction.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a compound represented by the following formula as an electrophilic perfluoroalkylating agent.
- R f is n ⁇ C m F 2m+1 , Tf is SO 2 CF 3 , and R is H or F;
- Patent Literature 1 is not suitable for synthesizing compounds having a carbon-carbon double bond because it reacts with olefins, and the types of electrophiles are limited. Also, the product can undergo further radical reactions and undergo telomerization, resulting in the formation of various by-products. In addition, the electrophilic perfluoroalkylating agent of Non-Patent Document 1 requires multiple steps for synthesis, resulting in a low yield and being expensive as an electrophilic agent.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a fluorine-containing compound in which a fluorine-containing compound is produced under relatively mild reaction conditions using an easily available compound, and a surface treatment using the fluorine-containing compound obtained by the production method.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an agent.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a fluorine-containing compound and a method for producing a surface treatment agent having the following constitutions [1] to [9].
- G 1 is a fluoroalkyl group or a monovalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain
- G 2 is a fluoroalkylene group or a divalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain
- L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently
- a fluorine-containing compound represented by the following formula (C1) or (C2) including reacting a compound represented by the following formula (A3) or (A4) with the following formula (B3): manufacturing method.
- G 1 -L 1 -CR 1 R 2 -ZnR Formula 12 (A3) R 12 Zn-CR 3 R 4 -L 2 -G 2 -L 3 -CR 5 R 6 -ZnR Formula 12 (A4)
- G 1 is a fluoroalkyl group or a monovalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain
- G 2 is a fluoroalkylene group or a divalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain
- At least one of L 1 -CR 1 R 2 , L 2 -CR 3 R 4 and L 3 -CR 5 R 6 is (CR 7 R 8 -R 9 R 10 ) n1 ;
- R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
- n1 is an integer from 1 to 20;
- at least one of the L 1 -CR 1 R 2 , the L 2 -CR 3 R 4 and the L 3 -CR 5 R 6 is represented by (CH 2 CH 2 ) n2 , [ 1]
- n2 is an integer of 1-20.
- R 11 is represented by the following formula (D1). (CH 2 ⁇ CH—R 21 —) a (R 22 —) 3-a C—R 23 —*
- R 21 is a single bond or an optionally fluorine atom-containing alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and when there are a plurality of R 21 , the R 21 may be the same or different
- R 22 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally fluorine atom-containing alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and when there are multiple R 22 s, the R 22s may be the same or different.
- R 23 is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 19 carbon atoms, a is an integer of 1 to 3, * is a bond.
- a method for producing a fluorine-containing compound in which a fluorine-containing compound is produced under relatively mild reaction conditions using an easily available compound, and a surface treatment using the fluorine-containing compound obtained by the production method A method for producing an agent can be provided.
- (A1) is referred to as compound (A1).
- Compounds and the like represented by other formulas are also in accordance with these.
- (Poly)oxyfluoroalkylene is a generic term for oxyfluoroalkylene and polyoxyfluoroalkylene.
- a fluoroalkyl group is a collective term for a perfluoroalkyl group and a partial fluoroalkyl group.
- a perfluoroalkyl group means a group in which all hydrogen atoms of an alkyl group are substituted with fluorine atoms.
- a partial fluoroalkyl group is an alkyl group in which one or more hydrogen atoms are substituted with fluorine atoms and which has one or more hydrogen atoms. That is, a fluoroalkyl group is an alkyl group having one or more fluorine atoms.
- "Reactive silyl group” is a general term for hydrolyzable silyl groups and silanol groups (Si-OH), and "hydrolyzable silyl group” is a group that can be hydrolyzed to form a silanol group. means.
- Organic group means a hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent and which may have a heteroatom or other bond in the carbon chain.
- hydrocarbon group is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group (straight-chain alkylene group, branched alkylene group, cycloalkylene group, etc.), an aromatic hydrocarbon group (phenylene group, etc.) and a group consisting of combinations thereof.
- a “surface layer” means a layer formed on the surface of a substrate. " ⁇ " indicating a numerical range means that the numerical values before and after it are included as lower and upper limits.
- the method for producing a fluorine-containing compound of the present invention comprises an organic halogen compound or an organic zinc compound having a fluoroalkylene chain or a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain, and an organic zinc compound having an optional substituent. It is a suitable production method capable of introducing an arbitrary substituent into a compound having a fluoroalkylene chain or (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain by subjecting the compound, an organic boron compound, or an organic halogen compound to a coupling reaction.
- the reaction efficiency is high, and the yield of the target product can be increased while suppressing the reaction temperature and reaction time. can be raised.
- a compound having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain with a molecular weight of 200 to 30,000 can be suitably produced.
- a fluorine-containing compound having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 30,000 can be produced favorably.
- a first method for producing a fluorine-containing compound of the present invention comprises reacting a compound represented by the following formula (A1) or (A2) with a compound represented by the following formula (B1) or (B2).
- a method for producing a fluorine-containing compound represented by the following formula (C1) or (C2) comprising: G 1 -L 1 -CR 1 R 2 -X 1 Formula (A1) X 2 -CR 3 R 4 -L 2 -G 2 -L 3 -CR 5 R 6 -X 3 Formula (A2) R 11 -ZnR 12 formula (B1) R 11 -BR 13 R 14 formula (B2) G 1 -L 1 -CR 1 R 2 -R 11 Formula (C1) R 11 -CR 3 R 4 -L 2 -G 2 -L 3 -CR 5 R 6 -R 11 Formula (C2)
- G 1 is a fluoroalkyl group or a monovalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene
- the first production method comprises an organic halogen compound (A1) or a compound (A2) having a fluoroalkyl chain or a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain, and an organic zinc compound (B1) or an organic boron compound having a substituent R11 .
- This is a method for synthesizing compound (C1) or compound (C2) through a coupling reaction with (B2).
- the fluoroalkyl group for G 1 may be a linear fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkyl group having a branched or ring structure.
- the number of carbon atoms in the fluoroalkyl group is preferably from 1 to 30, more preferably from 1 to 20, even more preferably from 1 to 10, and particularly preferably from 1 to 6, from the viewpoint of increasing the yield of the present production method.
- fluoroalkyl groups include CF 3 —, CHF 2 —, CF 3 CF 2 —, CF 3 CHF—, CF 3 CF 2 CF 2 —, CF 3 CHFCF 2 —, CF 3 CHFCHF—, CF 3 CF ( CF3 ) -, CF3CF2CF2CF2- , CF3CHFCF2CF2- , CF3CF ( CF3 ) CF2- , CF3C ( CF3 ) 2CF2- , CF3CF 2CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 —, CF 3 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 —, fluorocyclobutyl group, fluorocyclopentyl group, fluorocyclohexyl group and the like.
- the monovalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain in G 1 has —O— at the terminal that bonds to L 1 (CR 1 R 2 when L 1 is a single bond), or has 2 carbon atoms It is a fluoroalkyl group having —O— between the carbon-carbon atoms of the above carbon chain, or including both of them. From the standpoint of ease of production, etc., G1 preferably has a structure represented by the following formula ( G1-1 ).
- R f0 is a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- R f1 is a fluoroalkylene group having 1 carbon atoms
- R f2 is a fluoroalkylene group having 2 carbon atoms
- R f3 is a fluoroalkylene group having 3 carbon atoms
- R f4 is a fluoroalkylene group having 4 carbon atoms
- R f5 is a fluoroalkylene group having 5 carbon atoms
- R f6 is a fluoroalkylene group having 6 carbon atoms
- R f7 is a fluoroalkylene group having 1
- m1 + m2 + m3 + m4 + m5 + m6 is an integer of 1 to 200, that is, G 1 is a polyoxyfluoroalkylene from the viewpoint of water and oil repellency and fingerprint removability. Chains are preferred.
- the bonding order of (R f1 O) to (R f6 O) in formula (G1-1) is arbitrary.
- m1 to m6 in formula (G1-1) represent the number of (R f1 O) to (R f6 O), respectively, and do not represent the arrangement.
- (R f5 O) m5 indicates that the number of (R f5 O) is m5, and does not indicate the block arrangement structure of (R f5 O) m5 .
- the order of (R f1 O) to (R f6 O) does not represent the order of bonding of the respective units.
- the end of G 1 that binds to L 1 (CR 1 R 2 if L 1 is a single bond) is —O—.
- the terminal bonded to L 1 (CR 1 R 2 when L 1 is a single bond) of G 1 is a carbon atom (terminal carbon atom of R f7 ).
- the fluoroalkylene group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms may be a linear fluoroalkylene group or a fluoroalkylene group having a branched or ring structure.
- R f1 examples include -CF 2 - and -CHF-.
- R f2 examples include -CF 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCF 2 -, -CHFCHF-, -CH 2 CF 2 -, and -CH 2 CHF-.
- R f3 include -CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CF 2 CHFCF 2 -, -CF 2 CH 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCF 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCHFCF 2 -, -CHFCHFCHF-, - CHFCH2CF2- , -CH2CF2CF2- , -CH2CHFCF2- , -CH2CH2CF2- , -CH2CF2CHF- , -CH2CHFCHF- , -CH2CH2 _ _ CHF-, -CF(CF 3 )-CF 2 -, -CF(CHF 2 )-CF 2 -, -CF(CH 2 F)-CF 2 -, -CF(CH 3 )-CF 2 -, -CF (CF 3 )-CHF-, -CF(CHF 2 )-CHF-, -CF(CH 2 F)-CHF-, -CF(CH 3 )-CF
- R f4 include -CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CF 2 CHFCF 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCHFCF 2CF2- , -CH2CHFCF2CF2- , -CF2CH2CF2CF2- , -CHFCH2CF2CF2- , -CH2CH2CF2CF2- , -CHFCF2CHFCF2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - -, -CH 2 CF 2 CHFCF 2 -, -CF 2 CHFCHFCF 2 -, -CHFCHFCHFCF 2 -, -CH 2 CHFCHFCF 2 -, -CF 2 CH 2 CHFCF 2 -, -CHFCH 2 CHFCF 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2CHFCF2- , -CF2CH2CH2CF2- , -
- R f5 include -CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CH 2 CHFCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CF 2 CHFCF 2 CF 2 —, —CHFCHFCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 —, —CF 2 CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 —, —CHFCH 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 —, -CF2CF2CHFCF2CF2- , -CHFCF2CHFCF2CF2- , -CH2CF2CHFCF2CF2- , -CH2CF2CF2CF2CH2- , -cycloC5F8- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ etc.
- R f6 include -CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CF 2 CF 2 CHFCHFCF 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCHFCHFCHFCHFCHF- , -CHFCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CH 2 -, -cycloC 6 F 10 - and the like.
- R f0 and R f7 are the same as those listed above for R f1 to R f6 .
- -cycloC 4 F 6 - means a perfluorocyclobutanediyl group, a specific example of which is a perfluorocyclobutane-1,2-diyl group.
- -cycloC 5 F 8 - means a perfluorocyclopentanediyl group, and specific examples thereof include a perfluorocyclopentane-1,3-diyl group.
- -cycloC 6 F 10 - means a perfluorocyclohexanediyl group, a specific example of which is a perfluorocyclohexane-1,4-diyl group.
- G 1 When the obtained compound (C1) is used as a surface treatment agent or a raw material thereof, G 1 has a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain because it is superior in water and oil repellency, abrasion resistance, and fingerprint stain removability.
- a valent group is preferred, and a monovalent group having a polyoxyfluoroalkylene chain is more preferred. Among them, it is preferable to have structures represented by the following formulas (F2) to (F4).
- the bonding order of (R f1 O) and (R f2 O) and (R f2 O) and (R f4 O) is arbitrary.
- (R f1 O) and (R f2 O) may be alternately arranged
- (R f1 O) and (R f2 O) may be arranged in blocks, or may be randomly arranged.
- m1 is preferably 1 to 50, more preferably 1 to 40, even more preferably 1 to 30, and particularly preferably 1 to 20.
- m2 is preferably 1 to 50, more preferably 1 to 40, even more preferably 1 to 30, and particularly preferably 1 to 20.
- m2 is preferably 1 to 50, more preferably 1 to 40, still more preferably 1 to 30, and particularly preferably 1 to 20.
- m4 is preferably 1 to 50, more preferably 1 to 40, even more preferably 1 to 30, and particularly preferably 1 to 20.
- m3 is preferably 1 to 50, more preferably 1 to 40, even more preferably 1 to 30, and particularly preferably 1 to 20.
- the fluoroalkylene group for G2 may be linear, branched, or have a cyclic structure.
- the number of carbon atoms in the fluoroalkylene group is preferably from 1 to 30, more preferably from 1 to 20, even more preferably from 1 to 10, and particularly preferably from 1 to 6, from the viewpoint of increasing the yield of the present production method.
- Specific examples of the fluoroalkylene group include those listed above for R f1 to R f6 .
- the divalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain in G 2 is L 2 or L 3 (when L 2 or L 3 is a single bond, CR 3 R 4 or CR 5 R 6 ) a fluoroalkylene group in which the two ends bound to ) each independently have -O-, or have -O- between carbon-carbon atoms in a carbon chain having 2 or more carbon atoms, or a combination thereof be.
- G2 preferably has a structure represented by the following formula ( G2-1 ).
- G 2 when m0 is 0, one end of G 2 that binds to L 2 (CR 3 R 4 when L 2 is a single bond) is a carbon atom (any one of the terminal carbon atoms of R f1 to R f7 ); be.
- m0 and m7 are each independently 0 or 1.
- m1+m2+m3+m4+m5+m6 is an integer of 1 to 200, that is, G2 is a polyoxyfluoroalkylene from the viewpoint of water/oil repellency and fingerprint removability. Chains are preferred.
- G2 has excellent water and oil repellency, abrasion resistance, and fingerprint stain removability. It preferably has a structure represented by formula (F6). -(O) m0 -(R f1 O) m1 -(R f2 O) m2 formula (F4) -(O) m0 -(R f2 O) m2 -(R f4 O) m4 Formula (F5) -(O) m0 -(R f3 O) m3 formula (F6)
- the symbols in formulas (F4) to (F6) are the same as in formula (G2-1) above.
- the bonding order of (R f1 O) and (R f2 O) and (R f2 O) and (R f4 O) is arbitrary.
- (R f1 O) and (R f2 O) may be alternately arranged
- (R f1 O) and (R f2 O) may be arranged in blocks, or may be randomly arranged.
- m1 is preferably 1 to 50, more preferably 1 to 40, even more preferably 1 to 30, and particularly preferably 1 to 20.
- m2 is preferably 1 to 50, more preferably 1 to 40, even more preferably 1 to 30, and particularly preferably 1 to 20.
- m2 is preferably 1 to 50, more preferably 1 to 40, even more preferably 1 to 30, and particularly preferably 1 to 20.
- m4 is preferably 1 to 50, more preferably 1 to 40, even more preferably 1 to 30, and particularly preferably 1 to 20.
- m3 is preferably 1 to 50, more preferably 1 to 40, even more preferably 1 to 30, and particularly preferably 1 to 20.
- the ratio of fluorine atoms in the fluoroalkyl chains and (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chains in G 1 and G 2 is water repellent It is preferably 40% or more, more preferably 50% or more, and even more preferably 60% or more, from the viewpoint of excellent oiliness and fingerprint removability. Further, the molecular weight of the (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain portion is preferably 200 to 30,000, more preferably 600 to 25,000, even more preferably 1,000 to 20,000, from the viewpoint of abrasion resistance.
- L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group.
- the organic groups for L 1 , L 2 and L 3 include hydrocarbon groups which may have a substituent and which may have a heteroatom or other bond (B 1 ) in the carbon chain.
- the hydrocarbon group include aliphatic hydrocarbon groups (straight-chain alkylene groups, branched alkylene groups, cycloalkylene groups, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbon groups (phenylene groups, etc.), groups consisting of combinations thereof, and the like. be done.
- the above aliphatic hydrocarbon group may have a double bond or triple bond in the carbon chain.
- Combinations include, for example, groups in which an alkylene group and an arylene group are directly linked via a heteroatom or other bond.
- substituent that the hydrocarbon group may have include a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an amino group, a nitro group, a sulfo group, and the like, and a halogen atom is preferable from the viewpoint of the stability of the compound in the present production method.
- the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom.
- heteroatoms or other bonds include -C(O)NR 26 -, -C(O)O-, -C(O)-, -O-, -NR 26 -,- S—, —OC(O)O—, —NHC(O)O—, —NHC(O)NR 26 —, —SO 2 NR 26 —, —Si(R 26 ) 2 —, —OSi(R 26 ) 2- , -Si(CH 3 ) 2 -Ph-Si(CH 3 ) 2 -, divalent organopolysiloxane residues and the like.
- R 26 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl group, and Ph is a phenylene group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group of R 26 is preferably from 1 to 3, particularly preferably from 1 to 2, from the standpoint of ease of production of the present compound.
- L 1 , L 2 and L 3 include a single bond, an optionally substituted alkylene group R 28 , an optionally substituted alkylene group R 28 and the above B 1 Combinations (eg, -R 28 -B 1 -, -B 1 -R 28 -B 1 -, -R 28 -B 1 -R 28 -) and the like are included.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Alkyl groups include linear or branched alkyl groups. Examples of the substituent that the alkyl group may have include a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an amino group, a nitro group, a sulfo group, and the like, and a halogen atom is preferable from the viewpoint of the stability of the compound in this production method. Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom.
- the halogen atom is preferably a fluorine atom from the viewpoint of stability.
- optionally substituted alkyl groups include CH 3 —, CH 2 F—, CHF 2 —, CF 3 —, CH 3 CH 2 —, CF 3 CH 2 —, CF 3 CF 2 - , CH3CH2CH2- , CF3CH2CH2- , CF3CF2CH2- , CF3CF2CF2- , CH3CH ( CH3 )- , CF3CH ( CH3 ) -, CF3CH ( CF3 )-, CF3CF ( CF3 ) - , CH3CH2CH2CH2- , CF3CF2CF2CF2- , CH3CH2CH ( -CH2CH 3 )- , CF3CF2CF ( -CF3 ) - , CH3CH2CH2CH ( -CH2CH3 )- , CF3CF2CF2CF2- , CH3CH2CH
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 may be the same or different.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are preferably hydrogen atoms from the viewpoint of reactivity.
- L at least one of 1 -CR 1 R 2 , L 2 -CR 3 R 4 and L 3 -CR 5 R 6 has a structure represented by (CR 7 R 8 -CR 9 R 10 ) n1 is preferred.
- R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
- the R 7 , R 8 , R 9 or R 10 may be the same or different, n1 is an integer from 1 to 20;
- compound (A1) is represented by the following formula (A1a).
- compound (A2) is represented by the following formula (A2a).
- R 9 and R 10 are hydrogen atoms, that is, (CR 7 R 8 —CR 9 R 10 ) n1 is a group represented by (CR 7 R 8 —CH 2 ) n1 . is preferably In (CR 7 R 8 —CH 2 ) n1 , the bond of “CH 2 ” bonds to X 1 , X 2 or X 3 of compound (A1) or compound (A2).
- Compound (A1) and compound (A2) have a structure of “—CH 2 —X 11 ” (where X 11 is X 1 , X 2 or X 3 ), so that the coupling reactivity in this production method improves.
- the halogen atoms for X 1 , X 2 , and X 3 include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine atoms, and iodine atoms are preferred from the viewpoint of further improving reactivity.
- (CR 7 R 8 —CH 2 ) n1 include CH 2 CH 2 , CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 , CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 , CH(—CH 3 )CH 2 , CH(--CF 3 )CH 2 , CH(--CH 2 F)CH 2 , CH(--CHF 2 )CH 2 , C(--CH 3 )(--CH 3 )CH 2 , C(--CF 3 ) ( -CF3 ) CH2 , C ( -CH2CH3 )(- CH2CH3 ) CH2 , C ( -CF2CF3 )(- CF2CF3 ) CH2 , C ( -CH2CH 2CH3 ) ( - CH2CH2CH3 ) CH2 , C ( -CF2CF3 )(- CF2CF3 ) CH2 , C ( -CH2CH 2CH3 ) ( - CH2CH2CH3 ) CH2 , C (
- R 7 is a hydrogen atom
- R 8 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and more preferably both R 7 and R 8 are hydrogen atoms. That is, at least one of L 1 -CR 1 R 2 , L 2 -CR 3 R 4 and L 3 -CR 5 R 6 in compound (A1) or compound (A2) is (CH 2 CH 2 ) preferably has the structure represented by n2 .
- n2 is an integer of 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 12, more preferably 1 to 6.
- Preferred specific examples of compound (A1) and compound (A2) include the following.
- n11 to n28 represent the number of repeating units, each independently being an integer of 1 to 200.
- the compound (A1) and the compound (A2) are prepared, for example, by reacting the compounds represented by the following formulas (A1-2) and (A2-2) with triphenylphosphine and iodomethane to iodine them, It can be produced by a method of reacting with phosphine and iodine to iodine. Moreover, you may use the commercial item which has a desired structure.
- G 1 -L 1 -CR 1 R 2 -OH Formula (A1-2) HO-CR 3 R 4 -L 2 -G 2 -L 3 -CR 5 R 6 -OH Formula (A2-2)
- symbol in a formula is as above-mentioned.
- the compound represented by the following formula (A1-3) is obtained by adding an initiator, a metal catalyst, an organic catalyst, etc., and ethylene to the following formula (A1-4). It can also be produced by reacting in addition.
- G 1 -L 1 -X 1 formula (A1-4) The initiator, metal catalyst, and organic catalyst can be appropriately selected from known ones and used.
- initiators include azo initiators, organic peroxides, redox initiators, and the like.
- metal catalysts include simple metals such as copper and iron, copper acetate, and copper chloride.
- triethoxyphosphine etc. are mentioned as an organic catalyst.
- other olefinic compounds may be used in place of ethylene in order to obtain compound (A1) having the desired structure.
- R 11 is a substituent to be introduced into compound (A1) and compound (A2). It can be selected and used.
- the hydrocarbon group for R 11 may have a substituent and may have a heteroatom or other bond (B 1 ) in the carbon chain.
- Examples of the hydrocarbon group include aliphatic hydrocarbon groups (straight-chain alkyl groups, branched alkyl groups, cycloalkyl groups, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbon groups (phenyl groups, etc.), groups consisting of combinations thereof, and the like. be done.
- the above aliphatic hydrocarbon group may have a double bond or triple bond in the carbon chain.
- Combinations include, for example, groups in which an alkylene group and an aryl group are directly linked via a heteroatom or other bond.
- substituent that the hydrocarbon group may have include a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an amino group, a nitro group, a sulfo group, and the like, and a halogen atom is preferable from the viewpoint of the stability of the compound in the present production method.
- a halogen atom includes a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and the like. Specific examples of the heteroatom or other bond are the same as those listed for B1 above.
- R 11 is preferably an alkyl group having a double bond.
- R 11 is an alkyl group having a double bond
- R 11 among others, a substituent represented by the following formula (D1) is preferable.
- R 21 is a single bond or an optionally fluorine atom-containing alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and when there are a plurality of R 21 , the R 21 may be the same or different
- R 22 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally fluorine atom-containing alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and when there are multiple R 22 s, the R 22s may be the same or different.
- R 23 is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 19 carbon atoms
- a is an integer of 1 to 3
- * is a bond.
- a group represented by (CH 2 ⁇ CH—R 21 —) is a group represented by CH 2 ⁇ CH—CH 2 —
- a group represented by CH 3 CH ⁇ CH— is included. You can stay.
- R 21 may have 1 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R 12 is a halogen atom or a hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent or heteroatom.
- the halogen atom for R 12 is preferably a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom, and more preferably a chlorine atom or a bromine atom.
- Examples of the hydrocarbon group for R 12 are the same as those for R 11 above.
- R 12 may be introduced in place of R 11 in the reaction in this production method, and for example, the following compounds (C3) to (C6) may be produced.
- G 1 -L 1 -CR 1 R 2 -R Formula 12 (C3) R 11 -CR 3 R 4 -L 2 -G 2 -L 3 -CR 5 R 6 -R Formula 12 (C4)
- symbol in a formula is as above-mentioned.
- R 11 and R 12 By using substituents having the same structure for R 11 and R 12 , the by-products (C3) to (C5) are the same compounds as the compound (C1) or (C2). By making R 12 a substituent that is less reactive than R 11 , the formation of the by-products (C3) to (C5) can be suppressed.
- R 11 — is a substituent represented by R 31 —CH 2 — (where R 31 is a hydrocarbon group)
- R 12 — is R 31 —CR 32 R 33 — (where R 31 is a hydrocarbon group).
- R 32 and R 33 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, at least one of which is an alkyl group. be introduced.
- Suitable specific examples of the compound (B1) include the following.
- R12 is as described above.
- the compound (B1) can be obtained, for example, by reacting a compound represented by the following formula (B1-1) with Rieke zinc or the like to obtain an organozinc compound in which R 12 is a halogen atom. Further, by reacting with a compound represented by the following formula (B1-2), a compound (B1) in which R 11 and R 12 have the same structure can be obtained.
- R 11 -X 5 formula (B1-1) R 11 -ZnX 5 formula (B1-2) R 11 is as described above, and X 5 is a halogen atom.
- the compound (B1-2) can be obtained, for example, by reacting the compound (B1-1) with magnesium to prepare a Grignard reagent, and reacting the Grignard reagent with zinc chloride or the like.
- R 13 and R 14 in compound (B2) each independently form an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, or R 13 and R 14 are linked to form a ring structure.
- the alkyl groups for R 13 and R 14 may be linear, branched or have a cyclic structure.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferably from 1 to 30, more preferably from 1 to 20, even more preferably from 1 to 10, and particularly preferably from 1 to 6, from the viewpoint of increasing the yield of the present production method.
- the alkoxy group for R 13 and R 14 can be represented by —OR 29 , and R 29 is the same as the alkyl group for R 13 and R 14 above.
- R 13 and R 14 are linked to form a ring structure
- R 29 is as described above.
- * is a linking group that binds to B in formula (B2), forming a ring structure containing B.
- R 13 or R 14 is an alkyl group
- R 13 or R 14 may be introduced instead of R 11 in the reaction in this production method, for example, the following compounds (C3) to (C9) are produced. can.
- the amount of compound (B1) and compound (B2) used is, from the viewpoint of improving the yield of the target product, relative to the total number of X 1 to X 3 possessed by compound (A1) or compound (A2). , preferably 0.5 to 30 equivalents, more preferably 1 to 20 equivalents, even more preferably 1.5 to 10 equivalents.
- the transition metal compound can be appropriately selected from known catalysts and used.
- the transition metal compound is preferably a compound containing an element of Groups 3 to 12 of the periodic table as a transition metal, and more preferably a compound containing an element of Groups 8 to 11 of the periodic table.
- As the group 8 to group 11 elements it is preferable to include at least one element selected from nickel and palladium.
- the nickel When the transition metal compound contains nickel, the nickel may be a 0valent, monovalent, divalent, or trivalent compound. A salt or complex salt of is preferred.
- Nickel chloride NiCl 2
- Nickel chloride is more preferable from the viewpoint of availability. Nickel chloride may be either an anhydride or a hydrate, but nickel chloride anhydride is more preferable from the viewpoint of catalytic ability.
- the palladium may be either a zero-valent compound or a divalent compound, but from the viewpoint of catalytic ability and stability, a salt or complex salt of 0-valent or divalent palladium is preferable.
- a salt or complex salt of 0-valent or divalent palladium is preferable.
- tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (Pd 2 (dba) 3 ) and palladium acetate (Pd(OAc) 2 ) are more preferable in terms of availability.
- Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium and palladium acetate may be either anhydrides or hydrates. things are more preferred.
- the amount of the transition metal compound used is, for example, 0.05 to 50 equivalents, preferably 0.1 to 30 equivalents, more preferably 0.15 equivalents, relative to the total number of I in compound (A1) or compound (A2). ⁇ 20 equivalents.
- a transition metal compound serving as a catalyst may be used in combination with a ligand, if necessary.
- a ligand improves the yield of the desired product.
- the ligand does not have to be used.
- the ligand include 1,3-butadiene, tricyclohexylphosphine, 1,1-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenephenylpropyne, tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), Sphos, Xphos, and Xantphos.
- TEDA tetramethylethylenediamine
- the amount used is preferably 0.01 to 5.0 equivalents, preferably 0.1 to 3.0 equivalents, relative to the metal catalyst used, in terms of improving the yield of the target product. is more preferred.
- a base may be used as necessary. Using a ligand improves the yield of the desired product.
- bases include potassium phosphate and the like.
- the amount used is preferably 0.1 to 20.0 equivalents with respect to the total number of I in compound (A1) or compound (A2) from the viewpoint of improving the yield of the target product. 1 to 20 equivalents are more preferred.
- the reaction of this production method is usually carried out in a solvent.
- the solvent can be appropriately selected and used from among compounds (A1) or (A2) and solvents capable of dissolving compound (B1) or compound (B2).
- the solvent may be a single solvent or a mixed solvent in which two or more are combined.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is inert to the reaction, and among the solvents inert to the reaction, ether solvents such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran (THF) and dioxane are preferred, and tetrahydrofuran is more preferred. preferable.
- a fluorine-based solvent is more preferable, and a mixed solvent obtained by combining the ether solvent and a fluorine-based solvent is further used. preferable.
- fluorine-based solvents examples include hydrofluorocarbons (1H,4H-perfluorobutane, 1H-perfluorohexane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, 1,1,2,2,3,3, 4-heptafluorocyclopentane, 2H,3H-perfluoropentane, etc.), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (3,3-dichloro-1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane, 1,3-dichloro-1,1 , 2,2,3-pentafluoropropane (HCFC-225cb), etc.), hydrofluoroethers (CF 3 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 H (AE-3000), (perfluorobutoxy)methane, (perfluorobutoxy)ethane, etc.
- hydrofluorocarbons (1H,4H-perfluorobutane, 1H-perfluorohexane, 1,1,1,3,3-penta
- hydrochlorofluoroolefins ((Z)-1-chloro-2,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-1-pentene (HCFO-1437dycc (Z) form), (E)- 1-chloro-2,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-1-pentene (HCFO-1437dycc (E) form), (Z)-1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoro -1-propene (HCFO-1233yd(Z) form), (E)-1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene (HCFO-1233yd(E) form), etc.), fluorine-containing aromatic compounds (perfluorobenzene, m-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene (SR-solvent), p-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene, etc.); Among them, hydrofluoroethers (CF 3 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 H (AE-3000) are preferable
- a solution containing compound (A1) or compound (A2) is prepared, a transition metal compound and, if necessary, a ligand are added, and then separately prepared compound (B1) is added.
- Compound (C1) or compound (C2) can be obtained by the addition.
- reaction temperature of compound (A1) or compound (A2) and compound (B1) may be appropriately adjusted according to the combination of compound (A1) or compound (A2) and compound (B1). For example, it may be -20°C to 66°C (boiling point of tetrahydrofuran), preferably 25°C to 60°C.
- a second method for producing a fluorine-containing compound of the present invention comprises reacting a compound represented by the following formula (A3) or (A4) with the following formula (B3), which includes the following formula (C1) or A method for producing a fluorine-containing compound represented by formula (C2).
- G 1 -L 1 -CR 1 R 2 -ZnR Formula 12 (A3) R 12 Zn-CR 3 R 4 -L 2 -G 2 -L 3 -CR 5 R 6 -ZnR Formula 12 (A4) R 11 -X 4 formula (B3) G 1 -L 1 -CR 1 R 2 -R 11 Formula (C1) R 11 -CR 3 R 4 -L 2 -G 2 -L 3 -CR 5 R 6 -R 11 Formula (C2)
- X 4 is a halogen atom, and preferred embodiments are the same as X 1 to X 3 .
- the other symbols in the formula are the same as those described in the first manufacturing method, and the preferred embodiments are also the same.
- the second production method is the coupling of the organozinc compound (A3) or compound (A4) having a fluoroalkyl chain or (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain with an organohalogen compound (B3) having a substituent R11 .
- This is a method for synthesizing compound (C1) or compound (C2) by reaction.
- the compound (A3) having a fluoroalkyl chain or (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain and the compound (A4) are organozinc compounds, and the compound (B3) having a substituent R11 to be introduced. is an organic halogen compound, which is different from the first production method.
- the second manufacturing method will be described below, but the description of the contents common to the first manufacturing method will be omitted here.
- Preferred specific examples of compound (A3) and compound (A4) include the following.
- R 12 is as described above, n30 to n47 represent the number of repeating units and are each independently an integer of 1 to 200.
- the compound (B3) can be obtained, for example, by reacting a compound represented by the following formula (B3-1) with triphenylphosphine and iodomethane for iodination, or by reacting it with triphenylphosphine and iodine for iodination.
- B3-1 a compound represented by the following formula (B3-1)
- triphenylphosphine and iodomethane for iodination can be manufactured by Moreover, you may use the commercial item which has a desired structure.
- R 11 -OH Formula (B3-1) However, R 11 in the formula is as described above.
- Suitable specific examples of the compound (B3) include the following.
- the solvent, catalyst, raw material ratio, reaction temperature, etc. in the second production method can be the same as in the first production method, and the preferred embodiments are also the same.
- the compound (C1) or compound (C2) having various substituents introduced into the (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain can be obtained by this production method.
- Fluorine-containing compounds have excellent properties such as low refractive index, low dielectric constant, water and oil repellency, heat resistance, chemical resistance, chemical stability, and transparency. It can be used in a wide variety of fields such as optical materials and surface treatment agents.
- a surface treatment agent can also be produced by introducing a reactive silyl group into the compound (C1) or compound (C2) obtained by this production method.
- a fluorine-containing compound having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain and a hydrolyzable silyl group can form a surface layer exhibiting high lubricity, water and oil repellency, etc. on the surface of a substrate, and is therefore suitable as a surface treatment agent. Used.
- a method for introducing a reactive silyl group into the compound (C1) or (C2) may be appropriately selected according to the substituents of the compound (C1) or the compound (C2).
- compound (C1) or compound (C2) when compound (C1) or compound (C2) has a double bond, it can be introduced by subjecting the double bond to a hydrosilylation reaction with compound (E1) or (E2) below.
- R 40 is an alkyl group, and when there are multiple R 40 , the R 40 may be the same or different, L is a hydrolyzable group or a hydroxyl group, multiple L may be the same or different, R 41 is an alkyl group, and when there are multiple R 41 , the R 41 may be the same or different, R 42 is an alkyl group, a phenyl group or an alkoxy group, two R 42 may be the same or different, c is 2 or 3, k is 2 or 3, p is an integer of 0 to 5, and when p is 2 or more, two or more (OSi(R 42 ) 2 ) may be the same or different.
- Compound (E2) can be produced, for example, by
- n6 to n10 represent the number of repeating units, each independently being an integer of 1 to 200.
- a reactive silyl group is a group in which either or both of a hydrolyzable group and a hydroxyl group are bonded to a silicon atom.
- a hydrolyzable group is a group that becomes a hydroxyl group through a hydrolysis reaction. That is, a hydrolyzable silyl group becomes a silanol group (Si—OH) through a hydrolysis reaction.
- the silanol groups further undergo an intermolecular dehydration condensation reaction to form Si--O--Si bonds.
- the silanol group undergoes a dehydration condensation reaction with the hydroxyl group (substrate-OH) on the surface of the substrate to form a chemical bond (substrate-O-Si).
- Hydrolyzable groups include, for example, alkoxy groups, halogen atoms, acyl groups, and isocyanate groups.
- alkoxy group an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferable.
- a chlorine atom is preferable as the halogen atom.
- an alkoxy group or a halogen atom is preferable from the viewpoint of ease of production.
- an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferable from the viewpoint of less outgassing during application and excellent storage stability of the present compound, and when long-term storage stability of the present compound is required.
- An ethoxy group is particularly preferred, and a methoxy group is particularly preferred when the reaction time after coating the substrate with the surface treatment agent is shortened.
- the substrate examples include substrates that are required to be imparted with water and oil repellency. For example, it is placed on other articles (e.g., a stylus), a base material that may be used in contact with a person's fingers, a base material that may be held with a person's fingers during operation, or another article (e.g., a mounting table).
- substrates that may be Materials for the substrate include metal, resin, glass, sapphire, ceramic, stone, and composite materials thereof. The glass may be chemically strengthened.
- a base film such as a SiO 2 film may be formed on the surface of the substrate.
- touch panel substrates, display substrates, and spectacle lenses are suitable, and touch panel substrates are particularly suitable.
- Glass or transparent resin is preferable as the material for the touch panel substrate.
- the base material are glass or resin films used for exterior parts (excluding display parts) of devices such as mobile phones (e.g., smartphones), personal digital assistants (e.g., tablet terminals), game machines, and remote controllers.
- a surface treatment agent containing such a fluorine-containing compound has the ability to prevent deterioration of water and oil repellency (rubbing resistance) even when the surface layer is repeatedly rubbed with fingers, and the ability to easily remove fingerprints adhered to the surface layer by wiping. It is suitably used as a surface treatment agent for applications that require that the performance (fingerprint stain removability) can be maintained for a long period of time, for example, members constituting the surface touched by the finger of the touch panel, eyeglass lenses, and displays of wearable terminals.
- reaction crude liquid was filtered through a glass filter, 1.4-dioxane (5.0 ml) was added to the filtrate, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature.
- the reaction crude liquid was passed through a glass filter to obtain 8.2 g of a solution containing the following compound (3-2).
- Example 2 to 9 Compound (1-2) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that in Synthesis Example 1-7 of Example 1 above, various conditions were changed as shown in Table 1 below. In Table 1, equivalents are based on compound (1-1).
- the raw material conversion rate is the rate at which the compound (1-1) is converted
- the target product selectivity is the target compound (1-2) among the compounds converted from the compound (1-1). is the rate selected.
- an arbitrary substituent can be introduced into a compound having a fluoroalkylene chain or (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain under relatively mild reaction conditions using an easily available compound.
- the compound obtained by this production method can be suitably used, for example, as a surface treatment agent capable of forming a surface layer having water/oil repellency, fingerprint wiping off property, etc. on the substrate surface, or as a raw material thereof.
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Abstract
Description
例えば特許文献1には、オレフィン化合物にペルフルオロアルキルブロミドをラジカル反応で付加する、含フッ素化合物の製造方法が開示されている。
また上記非特許文献1の求電子性ペルフルオロアルキル化剤は合成に多段階の工程が必要であり、収率が低くなり、また求電子剤として高価なものであった。
[1] 下記式(A1)又は式(A2)で表される化合物と、下記式(B1)又は式(B2)で表される化合物とを反応させることを含む、下記式(C1)又は式(C2)で表される含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
G1-L1-CR1R2-X1 式(A1)
X2-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-X3 式(A2)
R11-ZnR12 式(B1)
R11-BR13R14 式(B2)
G1-L1-CR1R2-R11 式(C1)
R11-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-R11 式(C2)
ただし、式中、
G1は、フルオロアルキル基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する1価の基であり、
G2は、フルオロアルキレン基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する2価の基であり、
L1、L2及びL3は、各々独立に、単結合又は2価の有機基であり、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及びR6は、各々独立に、水素原子、又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、
R11は、置換基を有していてもよくヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であって、R11が複数ある場合、当該R11は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R12は、ハロゲン原子、又は、置換基を有していてもよくヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であり、
R13及びR14は各々独立に、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、水酸基、又は、R13とR14とが連結して環構造を形成し、
X1、X2及びX3は、各々独立に、ハロゲン原子である。
[2] 下記式(A3)又は式(A4)で表される化合物と、下記式(B3)とを反応させることを含む、下記式(C1)又は式(C2)で表される含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
G1-L1-CR1R2-ZnR12 式(A3)
R12Zn-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-ZnR12 式(A4)
R11-X4 式(B3)
G1-L1-CR1R2-R11 式(C1)
R11-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-R11 式(C2)
ただし、式中、
G1は、フルオロアルキル基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する1価の基であり、
G2は、フルオロアルキレン基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する2価の基であり、
L1、L2及びL3は、各々独立に、単結合又は2価の有機基であり、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及びR6は、各々独立に、水素原子、又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、
R11は、置換基を有していてもよくヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であって、R11が複数ある場合、当該R11は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R12は、ハロゲン原子、又は、置換基を有していてもよくテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であって、R12が複数ある場合、当該R12は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
X4は、ハロゲン原子である。
[3] 前記L1-CR1R2、前記L2-CR3R4、及び前記L3-CR5R6のうち、少なくとも一つが、(CR7R8-R9R10)n1で表される、[1]又は[2]に記載の含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
ただし、式中、R7、R8、R9及びR10は、各々独立に、水素原子、又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、R7、R8、R9又はR10が複数ある場合、当該R7、R8、R9又はR10は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
n1は1~20の整数である。
[4] 前記L1-CR1R2、前記L2-CR3R4、及び前記L3-CR5R6のうち、少なくとも一つが、(CH2CH2)n2で表される、[1]~[3]のいずれかの含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
ただし、式中、n2は1~20の整数である。
[5] 前記R11が下記式(D1)で表される、[1]~[4]のいずれかの含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
(CH2=CH-R21-)a(R22-)3-aC-R23-* 式(D1)
R21は単結合、又は炭素数1~18のフッ素原子を有していてもよいアルキレン基であり、R21が複数ある場合、当該R21は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R22は、水素原子、又は炭素数1~10のフッ素原子を有していてもよいアルキル基であり、R22が複数ある場合、当該R22は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R23は、単結合、又は炭素数1~19のアルキレン基であり、
aは、1~3の整数であり、
*は結合手である。
[6] 前記X1、X2、X3及びX4のうち、少なくとも一つがヨウ素原子である、[1]~[5]のいずれか一項に記載の含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
[7] 前記反応を遷移金属化合物存在下で行う、[1]~[6]のいずれかの含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
[8] 前記遷移金属化合物がNi及びPdより選択される1種以上の元素を含む、[7]の含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
[9] [1]~[8]の製造方法により前記式(C1)又は式(C2)で表される含フッ素化合物を製造し、当該含フッ素化合物に反応性シリル基を導入する、表面処理剤の製造方法。
「(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン」とは、オキシフルオロアルキレンとポリオキシフルオロアルキレンとの総称である。
フルオロアルキル基とは、ペルフルオロアルキル基とパーシャルフルオロアルキル基とを合わせた総称である。ペルフルオロアルキル基とは、アルキル基の水素原子が全てフッ素原子で置換された基を意味する。またパーシャルフルオロアルキル基とは、水素原子の1個以上がフッ素原子で置換され、かつ、水素原子を1個以上有するアルキル基である。すなわちフルオロアルキル基は1個以上のフッ素原子を有するアルキル基である。
「反応性シリル基」とは、加水分解性シリル基及びシラノール基(Si-OH)の総称であり、「加水分解性シリル基」とは、加水分解反応してシラノール基を形成し得る基を意味する。
「有機基」とは、置換基を有していてもよく、炭素鎖中にヘテロ原子又は他の結合を有してもよい炭化水素基を意味する。「炭化水素基」とは、脂肪族炭化水素基(直鎖アルキレン基、分岐を有するアルキレン基、シクロアルキレン基等)、芳香族炭化水素基(フェニレン基等)及びこれらの組み合わせからなる基である。
「表面層」とは、基材の表面に形成される層を意味する。
数値範囲を示す「~」は、その前後に記載された数値を下限値及び上限値として含むことを意味する。
本発明の含フッ素化合物の製造方法(以下、本製造方法とも記す)は、フルオロアルキレン鎖又は(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する有機ハロゲン化合物又は有機亜鉛化合物と、任意の置換基を有する有機亜鉛化合物、有機ホウ素化合物又は有機ハロゲン化合物とをカップリング反応することで、フルオロアルキレン鎖又は(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する化合物に任意の置換基を導入することができる好適な製造方法である。本製造方法によれば、比較的高分子量(長鎖)の(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する化合物であっても、反応効率が高く、反応温度や反応時間を抑えながら目的物の収率を上げることができる。例えば、本製造方法によれば、分子量200~30,000の(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する化合物であっても、目的物を好適に製造することができる。また、本製造方法によれば、例えば、分子量1,000~30,000の含フッ素化合物を好適に製造することができる。
以下、このような本製造法に属する製造方法についてより詳細に説明する。
本発明の含フッ素化合物の第1の製造方法は、下記式(A1)又は式(A2)で表される化合物と、下記式(B1)又は式(B2)で表される化合物とを反応させることを含む、下記式(C1)又は式(C2)で表される含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
G1-L1-CR1R2-X1 式(A1)
X2-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-X3 式(A2)
R11-ZnR12 式(B1)
R11-BR13R14 式(B2)
G1-L1-CR1R2-R11 式(C1)
R11-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-R11 式(C2)
ただし、式中、
G1は、フルオロアルキル基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する1価の基であり、
G2は、フルオロアルキレン基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する2価の基であり、
L1、L2及びL3は、各々独立に、単結合又は2価の有機基であり、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及びR6は、各々独立に、水素原子、又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、
R11は、置換基を有していてもよくヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であって、R11が複数ある場合、当該R11は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R12は、ハロゲン原子、又は、置換基を有していてもよくヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であり、
R13及びR14は各々独立に、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、水酸基、又は、R13とR14とが連結して環構造を形成し、
X1、X2及びX3は、各々独立に、ハロゲン原子である。
フルオロアルキル基の具体例としては、CF3-、CHF2-、CF3CF2-、CF3CHF-、CF3CF2CF2-、CF3CHFCF2-、CF3CHFCHF-、CF3CF(CF3)-、CF3CF2CF2CF2-、CF3CHFCF2CF2-、CF3CF(CF3)CF2-、CF3C(CF3)2CF2-、CF3CF2CF2CF2CF2-、CF3CF2CF2CF2CF2CF2-、フルオロシクロブチル基、フルオロシクロペンチル基、フルオロシクロヘキシル基などが挙げられる。
G1における(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する1価の基は、L1(L1が単結合の場合は、CR1R2)に結合する末端に-O-を有するか、炭素数2以上の炭素鎖の炭素-炭素原子間に-O-を有するか、又はこれらの両方を含むフルオロアルキル基である。製造の容易性などの点から、G1は下式(G1-1)で表される構造が好ましい。
Rf0O-[(Rf1O)m1(Rf2O)m2(Rf3O)m3(Rf4O)m4(Rf5O)m5(Rf6O)m6]-(Rf7)m7- 式(G1-1)
ただし、
Rf0は、炭素数1~20のフルオロアルキル基であり、
Rf1は、炭素数1のフルオロアルキレン基であり、
Rf2は、炭素数2のフルオロアルキレン基であり、
Rf3は、炭素数3のフルオロアルキレン基であり、
Rf4は、炭素数4のフルオロアルキレン基であり、
Rf5は、炭素数5のフルオロアルキレン基であり、
Rf6は、炭素数6のフルオロアルキレン基であり、
Rf7は、炭素数1~6のフルオロアルキレン基であり、
m1、m2、m3、m4、m5、m6は、それぞれ独立に0又は1以上の整数を表し、m7は0又は1の整数であり、m1+m2+m3+m4+m5+m6は1~200の整数である。得られる化合物(C1)を表面処理剤又はその原料として用いる場合には、撥水撥油性や指紋除去性などの点から、m1+m2+m3+m4+m5+m6が1~200の整数、即ち、G1が、ポリオキシフルオロアルキレン鎖であることが好ましい。
なお、式(G1-1)における(Rf1O)~(Rf6O)の結合順序は任意である。
式(G1-1)のm1~m6は、それぞれ、(Rf1O)~(Rf6O)の個数を表すものであり、配置を表すものではない。例えば、(Rf5O)m5は、(Rf5O)の数がm5個であることを表し、(Rf5O)m5のブロック配置構造を表すものではない。同様に、(Rf1O)~(Rf6O)の記載順は、それぞれの単位の結合順序を表すものではない。
m7が0のとき、G1のL1(L1が単結合の場合は、CR1R2)に結合する末端は-O-である。m7が1のとき、G1のL1(L1が単結合の場合は、CR1R2)に結合する末端は炭素原子(Rf7の末端の炭素原子)である。
また上記炭素数3~6のフルオロアルキレン基は、直鎖フルオロアルキレン基であってもよく、分岐、または環構造を有するフルオロアルキレン基であってもよい。
Rf2の具体例としては、-CF2CF2-、-CHFCF2-、-CHFCHF-、-CH2CF2-、-CH2CHF-などが挙げられる。
Rf3の具体例としては、-CF2CF2CF2-、-CF2CHFCF2-、-CF2CH2CF2-、-CHFCF2CF2-、-CHFCHFCF2-、-CHFCHFCHF-、-CHFCH2CF2-、-CH2CF2CF2-、-CH2CHFCF2-、-CH2CH2CF2-、-CH2CF2CHF-、-CH2CHFCHF-、-CH2CH2CHF-、-CF(CF3)-CF2-、-CF(CHF2)-CF2-、-CF(CH2F)-CF2-、-CF(CH3)-CF2-、-CF(CF3)-CHF-、-CF(CHF2)-CHF-、-CF(CH2F)-CHF-、-CF(CH3)-CHF-、-CF(CF3)-CH2-、-CF(CHF2)-CH2-、-CF(CH2F)-CH2-、-CF(CH3)-CH2-、-CH(CF3)-CF2-、-CH(CHF2)-CF2-、-CH(CH2F)-CF2-、-CH(CH3)-CF2-、-CH(CF3)-CHF-、-CH(CHF2)-CHF-、-CH(CH2F)-CHF-、-CH(CH3)-CHF-、-CH(CF3)-CH2-、-CH(CHF2)-CH2-、-CH(CH2F)-CH2-などが挙げられる。
Rf4の具体例としては、-CF2CF2CF2CF2-、-CHFCF2CF2CF2-、-CH2CF2CF2CF2-、-CF2CHFCF2CF2-、-CHFCHFCF2CF2-、-CH2CHFCF2CF2-、-CF2CH2CF2CF2-、-CHFCH2CF2CF2-、-CH2CH2CF2CF2-、-CHFCF2CHFCF2-、-CH2CF2CHFCF2-、-CF2CHFCHFCF2-、-CHFCHFCHFCF2-、-CH2CHFCHFCF2-、-CF2CH2CHFCF2-、-CHFCH2CHFCF2-、-CH2CH2CHFCF2-、-CF2CH2CH2CF2-、-CHFCH2CH2CF2-、-CH2CH2CH2CF2-、-CHFCH2CH2CHF-、-CH2CH2CH2CHF-、-cycloC4F6-などが挙げられる。
Rf5の具体例としては、-CF2CF2CF2CF2CF2-、-CHFCF2CF2CF2CF2-、-CH2CHFCF2CF2CF2-、-CF2CHFCF2CF2CF2-、-CHFCHFCF2CF2CF2-、-CF2CH2CF2CF2CF2-、-CHFCH2CF2CF2CF2-、-CH2CH2CF2CF2CF2-、-CF2CF2CHFCF2CF2-、-CHFCF2CHFCF2CF2-、-CH2CF2CHFCF2CF2-、-CH2CF2CF2CF2CH2-、-cycloC5F8-などが挙げられる。
Rf6の具体例としては、-CF2CF2CF2CF2CF2CF2-、-CF2CF2CHFCHFCF2CF2-、-CHFCF2CF2CF2CF2CF2-、-CHFCHFCHFCHFCHFCHF-、-CHFCF2CF2CF2CF2CH2-、-CH2CF2CF2CF2CF2CH2-、-cycloC6F10-などが挙げられる。
また、Rf0及びRf7の具体例としては、上記Rf1~Rf6で挙げられたものと同様のものが挙げられる。
ここで、-cycloC4F6-は、ペルフルオロシクロブタンジイル基を意味し、その具体例としては、ペルフルオロシクロブタン-1,2-ジイル基が挙げられる。-cycloC5F8-は、ペルフルオロシクロペンタンジイル基を意味し、その具体例としては、ペルフルオロシクロペンタン-1,3-ジイル基が挙げられる。-cycloC6F10-は、ペルフルオロシクロヘキサンジイル基を意味し、その具体例としては、ペルフルオロシクロヘキサン-1,4-ジイル基が挙げられる。
(Rf1O)m1-(Rf2O)m2 式(F1)
(Rf2O)m2-(Rf4O)m4 式(F2)
(Rf3O)m3 式(F3)
ただし、式(F1)~式(F3)の各符号は、前記式(G1-1)と同様である。
式(F1)において、m1は1~50が好ましく、1~40がより好ましく、1~30が更に好ましく、1~20が特に好ましい。またm2は1~50が好ましく、1~40がより好ましく、1~30が更に好ましく、1~20が特に好ましい。
式(F2)において、m2は1~50が好ましく、1~40がより好ましく、1~30が更に好ましく、1~20が特に好ましい。またm4は1~50が好ましく、1~40がより好ましく、1~30が更に好ましく、1~20が特に好ましい。
式(F3)において、m3は1~50が好ましく、1~40がより好ましく、1~30が更に好ましく、1~20が特に好ましい。
フルオロアルキレン基の具体例としては、上記Rf1~Rf6で挙げられたものと同様のものが挙げられる。
-(O)m0-[(Rf1O)m1(Rf2O)m2(Rf3O)m3(Rf4O)m4(Rf5O)m5(Rf6O)m6]-(Rf7)m7- 式(G2-1)
ただし、m0は0又は1の整数であり、Rf1、Rf2、Rf3、Rf4、Rf5、Rf6、Rf7、m1、m2、m3、m4、m5、m6、及びm7は、前記G1におけるものと同様である。なお、式(G2-1)における(Rf1O)~(Rf6O)の結合順序は任意であり、前記式(G1-1)で説明したとおりである。
m7が0のとき、G2のL3(L3が単結合の場合は、CR5R6)に結合する片側末端は-O-である。m7が1のとき、G2のL3(L3が単結合の場合は、CR5R6)に結合する片側末端は炭素原子(Rf7の末端の炭素原子)である。また、m0が1のとき、G2のL2(L2が単結合の場合は、CR3R4)に結合する片側末端は-O-である。m0が0のとき、G2のL2(L2が単結合の場合は、CR3R4)に結合する片側末端は炭素原子(Rf1~Rf7のいずれかの末端の炭素原子)である。なお、m0とm7は各々独立に0又は1である。
得られる化合物(C2)を表面処理剤又はその原料として用いる場合には、撥水撥油性や指紋除去性などの点から、m1+m2+m3+m4+m5+m6が1~200の整数、即ち、G2が、ポリオキシフルオロアルキレン鎖であることが好ましい。
-(O)m0-(Rf1O)m1-(Rf2O)m2 式(F4)
-(O)m0-(Rf2O)m2-(Rf4O)m4 式(F5)
-(O)m0-(Rf3O)m3 式(F6)
ただし、式(F4)~式(F6)の各符号は、前記式(G2-1)と同様である。
式(F4)において、m1は1~50が好ましく、1~40がより好ましく、1~30が更に好ましく、1~20が特に好ましい。またm2は1~50が好ましく、1~40がより好ましく、1~30が更に好ましく、1~20が特に好ましい。
式(F5)において、m2は1~50が好ましく、1~40がより好ましく、1~30が更に好ましく、1~20が特に好ましい。またm4は1~50が好ましく、1~40がより好ましく、1~30が更に好ましく、1~20が特に好ましい。
式(F6)において、m3は1~50が好ましく、1~40がより好ましく、1~30が更に好ましく、1~20が特に好ましい。
また、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖部分の分子量は、耐摩耗性の点から、200~30,000が好ましく、600~25,000がより好ましく、1,000~20,000が更に好ましい。
当該炭化水素基としては、脂肪族炭化水素基(直鎖アルキレン基、分岐を有するアルキレン基、シクロアルキレン基等)、芳香族炭化水素基(フェニレン基等)及びこれらの組み合わせからなる基などが挙げられる。上記脂肪族炭化水素基は炭素鎖中に二重結合又は三重結合を有していてもよい。組み合わせとしては、例えばアルキレン基とアリーレン基が直接、ヘテロ原子又は他の結合を介して連結した基などが挙げられる。
炭化水素基が有していてもよい置換基としては、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシ基、アミノ基、ニトロ基、スルホ基などが挙げられ、本製造方法における化合物の安定性の点から、ハロゲン原子が好ましい。上記ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子などが挙げられる。
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及びR6は、反応性の点から、水素原子であることが好ましい。
ただし、式中、R7、R8、R9及びR10は、各々独立に、水素原子、又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、R7、R8、R9又はR10が複数ある場合、当該R7、R8、R9又はR10は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
n1は1~20の整数である。
例えば、L1-CR1R2が(CR7R8-CR9R10)n1の場合、化合物(A1)は下式(A1a)で表される。また例えば、L2-CR3R4及びL3-CR5R6が(CR7R8-CR9R10)n1の場合、化合物(A2)は下式(A2a)で表される。なお、後述する化合物(A3)、化合物(A4)、化合物(C1)、化合物(C2)などもこれに準ずる。
G1-(CR7R8-CR9R10)n1-X1 式(A1a)
X2-(CR9R10-CR7R8)n1-L2-G2-(CR7R8-CR9R10)n1-X3 式(A2a)
X1、X2、及びX3におけるハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子が挙げられ、反応性がより向上する点からヨウ素原子が好ましい。
G1-L1-CR1R2-OH 式(A1-2)
HO-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-OH 式(A2-2)
ただし、式中の各符号は前述のとおりである。
G1-L1-CH2CH2-X1 式(A1-3)
G1-L1-X1 式(A1-4)
なお、上記開始剤、金属触媒、有機触媒は、公知のものの中から適宜選択して使用することができる。開始剤としては、例えば、アゾ系開始剤、有機過酸化物、レドックス開始剤などが挙げられる。金属触媒としては、例えば銅、鉄などの金属単体や、酢酸銅、塩化銅などが挙げられる。また、有機触媒としてはトリエトキシホスフィンなどが挙げられる。
また、所望の構造を有する化合物(A1)を得るために、エチレンの代わりに他のオレフィン化合物を用いてもよい。
R11における炭化水素基は、置換基を有していてもよく、炭素鎖中にヘテロ原子又は他の結合(B1)を有してもよい炭化水素基が挙げられる。
当該炭化水素基としては、脂肪族炭化水素基(直鎖アルキル基、分岐を有するアルキル基、シクロアルキル基等)、芳香族炭化水素基(フェニル基等)及びこれらの組み合わせからなる基などが挙げられる。上記脂肪族炭化水素基は炭素鎖中に二重結合又は三重結合を有していてもよい。組み合わせとしては、例えばアルキレン基とアリール基が直接、ヘテロ原子又は他の結合を介して連結した基などが挙げられる。
炭化水素基が有していてもよい置換基としては、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシ基、アミノ基、ニトロ基、スルホ基などが挙げられ、本製造方法における化合物の安定性の点から、ハロゲン原子が好ましい。ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子などが挙げられる。
ヘテロ原子又は他の結合の具体例としては、前記B1で挙げたものと同様のものが挙げられる。
このようなR11としては、中でも、下記式(D1)で表される置換基が好ましい。
(CH2=CH-R21-)a(R22-)3-aC-R23-* 式(D1)
ただし、式中、
R21は単結合、又は炭素数1~18のフッ素原子を有していてもよいアルキレン基であり、R21が複数ある場合、当該R21は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R22は、水素原子、又は炭素数1~10のフッ素原子を有していてもよいアルキル基であり、R22が複数ある場合、当該R22は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R23は、単結合、又は炭素数1~19のアルキレン基であり、
aは、1~3の整数であり、
*は結合手である。
また、(CH2=CH-R21-)aで表される基のaが2以上である場合は、それぞれの基は同一でもよく異なっていてもよい。
R21の炭素数は1~18であればよく、1~8が好ましい。
R12におけるハロゲン原子としては、反応性の点から、塩素原子、臭素原子、又はヨウ素原子が好ましく、中でも塩素原子又は臭素原子がより好ましい。
G1-L1-CR1R2-R12 式(C3)
R11-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-R12 式(C4)
R12-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-R12 式(C5)
R11-R12 式(C6)
ただし、式中の各符号は、前述のとおりである。
R11とR12を同一構造の置換基とすることで、上記副生物である化合物(C3)~(C5)は、化合物(C1)又は(C2)と同一化合物となる。
R12をR11よりも反応性の低い置換基とすることで、上記副生物である化合物(C3)~(C5)の生成を抑制できる。例えば、R11-をR31-CH2-(ただしR31は炭化水素基)で表される置換基とし、R12-をR31-CR32R33-(ただしR31は炭化水素基であり、R32及びR33は各々独立に水素原子又はアルキル基であって、少なくとも一方がアルキル基である)で表される置換基とすることで、本製造方法による反応においてR11が優位に導入される。
また、化合物(C3)~(C6)が生じる場合において、必要に応じてカラムクロマトグラフィー等による分離を行ってもよく、更に化合物(C1)又は(C2)の用途に応じて、化合物(C3)~(C6)を含む混合物のまま用いてもよい。
これらは化合物(C1)又は化合物(C2)の用途に応じて適宜選択すればよい。
R11-X5 式(B1-1)
R11-ZnX5 式(B1-2)
ただし、R11は前述のとおりであり、X5はハロゲン原子である。
R13又はR14がアルキル基の場合、本製造方法における反応において、R11の代わりにR13又はR14が導入されることがあり、例えば、下記化合物(C3)~(C9)などが生成し得る。
G1-L1-CR1R2-R13 式(C7)
R11-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-R13 式(C8)
R13-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-R13 式(C9)
ただし、式中の各符号は、前述のとおりである。
上記配位子としては、例えば、1,3-ブタジエン、トリシクロヘキシルホスフィン、1,1-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセンフェニルプロピン、テトラメチルエチレンジアミン(TMEDA)、Sphos、Xphos、Xantphosなどが挙げられる。配位子を使用する場合、使用量は目的物の収率向上の点から、使用する金属触媒に対して、0.01~5.0当量用いることが好ましく、0.1~3.0当量がより好ましい。
塩基を使用する場合、使用量は目的物の収率向上の点から、化合物(A1)又は化合物(A2)が有するIの総数に対して、0.1~20.0当量用いることが好ましく、1~20当量がより好ましい。
例えば、溶媒としては反応に不活性な溶媒であれば特に限定されず、反応に不活性な溶媒としては、中でも、ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)、ジオキサン等のエーテル系溶媒が好ましく、テトラヒドロフランがより好ましい。
また、化合物(A1)及び化合物(A2)のように比較的フッ素原子含有量の高い化合物には、フッ素系溶媒がより好ましく、前記エーテル系溶媒と、フッ素系溶媒とを組み合わせた混合溶媒が更に好ましい。
フッ素系溶媒としては、例えば、ハイドロフルオロカーボン類(1H,4H-ペルフルオロブタン、1H-ペルフルオロヘキサン、1,1,1,3,3-ペンタフルオロブタン、1,1,2,2,3,3,4-ヘプタフルオロシクロペンタン、2H,3H-ペルフルオロペンタン等)、ハイドロクロロフルオロカーボン類(3,3-ジクロロ-1,1,1,2,2-ペンタフルオロプロパン、1,3-ジクロロ-1,1,2,2,3-ペンタフルオロプロパン(HCFC-225cb)等)、ハイドロフルオロエーテル類(CF3CH2OCF2CF2H(AE-3000)、(ペルフルオロブトキシ)メタン、(ペルフルオロブトキシ)エタン等)、ハイドロクロロフルオロオレフィン類((Z)-1-クロロ-2,3,3,4,4,5,5-ヘプタフルオロ-1-ペンテン(HCFO-1437dycc(Z)体)、(E)-1-クロロ-2,3,3,4,4,5,5-ヘプタフルオロ-1-ペンテン(HCFO-1437dycc(E)体)、(Z)-1-クロロ-2,3,3-トリフルオロ-1-プロペン(HCFO-1233yd(Z)体)、(E)-1-クロロ-2,3,3-トリフルオロ-1-プロペン(HCFO-1233yd(E)体)等)、含フッ素芳香族化合物類(ペルフルオロベンゼン、m-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン(SR-ソルベント)、p-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン等)等が挙げられる。中でも、フッ素系溶媒としては、ハイドロフルオロエーテル類(CF3CH2OCF2CF2H(AE-3000)が好ましい。
本発明の含フッ素化合物の第2の製造方法は、下記式(A3)又は式(A4)で表される化合物と、下記式(B3)とを反応させることを含む、下記式(C1)又は式(C2)で表される含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
G1-L1-CR1R2-ZnR12 式(A3)
R12Zn-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-ZnR12 式(A4)
R11-X4 式(B3)
G1-L1-CR1R2-R11 式(C1)
R11-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-R11 式(C2)
ただし、X4はハロゲン原子であり、好ましい態様はX1~X3と同様である。また式中の他の各符号は、前記第1の製造方法で述べたものと同様であり、好ましい態様も同様である。
R11-OH 式(B3-1)
ただし、式中のR11は前述のとおりである。
HSi(R40)3-c(L)c 式(E1)
HSi(R41)3-k[-(OSi(R42)2)p-O-Si(R40)3-c(L)c]k 式(E2)
ただし、式中、
R40はアルキル基であり、R40が複数ある場合、当該R40は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
Lは、加水分解性基又は水酸基であり、複数あるLは同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R41は、アルキル基であり、R41が複数ある場合、当該R41は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R42は、アルキル基、フェニル基又はアルコキシ基であり、2個のR42は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
cは、2又は3であり、
kは、2又は3であり、
pは、0~5の整数であり、pが2以上の場合、2以上の(OSi(R42)2)は同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
なお、化合物(E2)は、例えば、国際公開第2019/208503号の明細書に記載の方法によって製造できる。
加水分解性基としては、例えば、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、アシル基、イソシアナート基が挙げられる。アルコキシ基としては、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基が好ましい。ハロゲン原子としては、塩素原子が好ましい。
加水分解性基としては、製造の容易性の点から、アルコキシ基又はハロゲン原子が好ましい。加水分解性基としては、塗布時のアウトガスが少なく、本化合物の保存安定性に優れる点から、炭素数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、本化合物の長期の保存安定性が必要な場合にはエトキシ基が特に好ましく、基材への表面処理剤のコーティング後の反応時間を短時間とする場合にはメトキシ基が特に好ましい。
基材の材料としては、金属、樹脂、ガラス、サファイア、セラミック、石、これらの複合材料が挙げられる。ガラスは化学強化されていてもよい。基材の表面にはSiO2膜等の下地膜が形成されていてもよい。
基材としては、タッチパネル用基材、ディスプレイ用基材、メガネレンズが好適であり、タッチパネル用基材が特に好適である。タッチパネル用基材の材料としては、ガラス又は透明樹脂が好ましい。
また、基材としては、携帯電話(例えばスマートフォン)、携帯情報端末(例えばタブレット端末)、ゲーム機、リモコン等の機器における外装部分(表示部を除く)に使用する、ガラス又は樹脂フィルムも好ましい。
[合成例1-1:化合物(1-1)の合成]
国際公開2013/121984号の実施例11に記載の方法に従い、下記化合物(1-1)を得た。
CF3-O-(CF2CF2O-CF2CF2CF2CF2O)n(CF2CF2O)-CF2CF2CF2-CH2CH2I ・・・式(1-1)
繰り返し単位数nの平均値は13である。
DiethylDiallylmalonate(60.0g)、塩化リチウム(23.7g)、水(6.45g)、ジメチルスルホキシド(263g)を加え、160℃で撹拌した。室温まで冷却した後、水を加え、酢酸エチルで抽出した。ヘキサンを有機層に加え、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。ろ過後、溶媒を留去することで、下記化合物(2-1)を39.5g得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d) δ(ppm):(ddt,J=17.1,10.1,7.0Hz,2H),5.06~4.94(m,4H),4.09(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),2.47(ddd,J=14.0,8.0,6.1Hz,1H),2.33(dt,J=14.9,7.5Hz,2H),2.22(dt,J=14.1,6.5Hz,2H),1.21(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).
THF(260mL)、ジイソプロピルアミン(29.8mL)を加えた後、溶液を-78℃まで冷却した。n-ブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液(2.76M,96.6mL)を加え、0℃まで昇温した。撹拌した後、-78℃まで冷却し、リチウムジイソプロピルアミド(LDA)のTHF溶液を調製した。上記化合物(2-1)(39.5g)をTHF溶液に加え、撹拌した後、臭化アリル(24.1mL)を加えた。0℃に昇温し、1M塩酸(100mL)を加え、THFを減圧留去した。ジクロロメタンで抽出した後、硫酸ナトリウムを加えた。ろ過後、溶媒を留去し、シリカゲルを用いたフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィーを行うことで、化合物(2-2)を45.0g得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d) δ(ppm):5.74~5.62(m,3H),5.04(dd,J=13.6,1.9Hz,6H),4.10(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),2.29(d,J=7.4Hz,6H),1.22(t,J=7.1Hz,3H).
上記化合物(2-2)(45.0g)をTHF(620mL)に溶解させ、0℃に冷却した。水素化リチウムアルミニウムのTHF溶液(104mLl)を加え、撹拌した。水、15%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を加え、室温で撹拌した後、ジクロロメタンで希釈した。ろ過後、溶媒を留去し、シリカゲルを用いたフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィーを行うことで、下記化合物(2-3)を31.3g得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d) δ(ppm):5.90~5.76(m,3H),5.10~5.02(m,6H),3.38(s,2H),2.03(dt,J=7.5,1.2Hz,6H),1.45(s,1H).
アセトニトリル(380mL)、前記化合物(2-3)(31.3g)、トリフェニルホスフィン(64.3g)、四塩化炭素(33.9g)を加え、90℃で撹拌した。濃縮後、酢酸エチル/ヘキサンを加え撹拌した。ろ過、濃縮後、蒸留によって、下記化合物(3-1)を28.2g得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d) δ(ppm):5.83~5.67(m,3H),5.16~5.01(m,6H),3.32(s,2H),2.05(dt,J=7.5,1.1Hz,6H).
マグネシウム(2.36g)にTHF(35mL)、ヨウ素(0.180g)を加えて、室温で撹拌した。前記化合物(3-1)(14.0)のTHF(35mL)溶液を加え、2時間加熱還流することで、グリニャール試薬を調製した。
17重量%に調製した前記式(3-1)から誘導したグリニャール試薬(0.1ml)に対して、塩化亜鉛(0.277g)を加え、室温で2時間攪拌した。反応粗液をグラスフィルターでろ過し、ろ液に1.4-ジオキサン(5.0ml)を加えて、室温で攪拌した。反応粗液をグラスフィルターで下記化合物(3-2)を含む溶液を8.2g得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d) δ(ppm):5.88(m,3H),5.11(m,6h),1.85(m,6h),1.22(s,2h).
CuCl2(7.0mg)、1-フェニル-1-プロピン(0.026g)、1,3-ビストリフルオロメチルベンゼン(23mL)、前記化合物(1-1)(1.52g)を加えた後、前記化合物(3-2)(4.5mL)を加えた。室温で撹拌した後、1M塩酸で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。ろ過後、溶媒を留去し、THFを加えた。DMFで洗浄した後、シリカゲルを用いたフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィーを行うことで、下記化合物(1-2)を0.210g得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d) δ(ppm):5.80(ddt,J=20.3,9.3,7.4Hz,3H),5.01(dd,J=13.5,1.7Hz,6H),2.13~2.01(m,2H),1.97(d,J=7.5Hz,6H),1.67~1.55(m,2H),1.27~1.18(m,2H).
19F-NMR(376MHz,Chloroform-d) δ(ppm):-55.25,-82.83,-88.06,-90.16(d,J=8.1 Hz),-114.18,-125.26,-126.59.
上記例1の合成例1-7において、下記表1に示されるように各種条件を変更した以外は、例1と同様にして、化合物(1-2)を製造した。
なお、表1において、当量は化合物(1-1)を基準としている。原料転化率とは、化合物(1-1)が転化される率であり、目的物選択率とは、化合物(1-1)から転化される化合物のうち、目的の化合物(1-2)が選択される率である。
[合成例10-1:有機ホウ素化合物(3-3)の合成]
マグネシウム(2.36g)にTHF(35mL)、ヨウ素(0.180g)を加えて、室温で撹拌した。前記化合物(3-1)(14.0g)のTHF(35mL)溶液を加え、2時間加熱還流することで、下記化合物(3-3)の溶液(0.80M)を調製した。
1H-NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d) δ(ppm):5.87(m,3H),5.11(m,6H),1.85-1.13(m,6H),1.20-1.47(m,18H).
合成例1-7において、化合物(3-2)を化合物(3-3)に変更した以外は、合成例1-7と同様にして、化合物(1-2)を製造した。
上記例10の合成例10-2において、下記表1に示されるように各種条件を変更した以外は、例10-2と同様にして、化合物(1-2)を製造した。
Pd2(dba)3:トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム
Pd(OAc)2:酢酸パラジウム
Sphos:2-ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノ-2’,6’-ジメトキシビフェニル
Xphos:2-ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノ-2’,4’,6’-トリイソプロピルビフェニル
Xantphos:4,5-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)-9,9-ジメチルキサンテン
PCy3:トリシクロヘキシルホスフィン
AE3000:CF3CH2OCF2CF2H
THF:テトラヒドロフラン
rt:室温(25℃)
Claims (9)
- 下記式(A1)又は式(A2)で表される化合物と、下記式(B1)又は式(B2)で表される化合物とを反応させることを含む、下記式(C1)又は式(C2)で表される含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
G1-L1-CR1R2-X1 式(A1)
X2-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-X3 式(A2)
R11-ZnR12 式(B1)
R11-BR13R14 式(B2)
G1-L1-CR1R2-R11 式(C1)
R11-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-R11 式(C2)
ただし、式中、
G1は、フルオロアルキル基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する1価の基であり、
G2は、フルオロアルキレン基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する2価の基であり、
L1、L2及びL3は、各々独立に、単結合又は2価の有機基であり、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及びR6は、各々独立に、水素原子、又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、
R11は、置換基を有していてもよくヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であって、R11が複数ある場合、当該R11は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R12は、ハロゲン原子、又は、置換基を有していてもよくヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であり、
R13及びR14は各々独立に、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、水酸基、又は、R13とR14とが連結して環構造を形成し、
X1、X2及びX3は、各々独立に、ハロゲン原子である。 - 下記式(A3)又は式(A4)で表される化合物と、下記式(B3)とを反応させることを含む、下記式(C1)又は式(C2)で表される含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
G1-L1-CR1R2-ZnR12 式(A3)
R12Zn-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-ZnR12 式(A4)
R11-X4 式(B3)
G1-L1-CR1R2-R11 式(C1)
R11-CR3R4-L2-G2-L3-CR5R6-R11 式(C2)
ただし、式中、
G1は、フルオロアルキル基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する1価の基であり、
G2は、フルオロアルキレン基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する2価の基であり、
L1、L2及びL3は、各々独立に、単結合又は2価の有機基であり、
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5及びR6は、各々独立に、水素原子、又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、
R11は、置換基を有していてもよくヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であって、R11が複数ある場合、当該R11は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R12は、ハロゲン原子、又は、置換基を有していてもよくテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であって、R12が複数ある場合、当該R12は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
X4は、ハロゲン原子である。 - 前記L1-CR1R2、前記L2-CR3R4、及び前記L3-CR5R6のうち、少なくとも一つが、(CR7R8-R9R10)n1で表される、請求項1又は2に記載の含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
ただし、式中、R7、R8、R9及びR10は、各々独立に、水素原子、又は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、R7、R8、R9又はR10が複数ある場合、当該R7、R8、R9又はR10は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
n1は1~20の整数である。 - 前記L1-CR1R2、前記L2-CR3R4、及び前記L3-CR5R6のうち、少なくとも一つが、(CH2CH2)n2で表される、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
ただし、式中、n2は1~20の整数である。 - 前記R11が下記式(D1)で表される、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
(CH2=CH-R21-)a(R22-)3-aC-R23-* 式(D1)
R21は単結合、又は炭素数1~18のフッ素原子を有していてもよいアルキレン基であり、R21が複数ある場合、当該R21は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R22は、水素原子、又は炭素数1~10のフッ素原子を有していてもよいアルキル基であり、R22が複数ある場合、当該R22は互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R23は、単結合、又は炭素数1~19のアルキレン基であり、
aは、1~3の整数であり、
*は結合手である。 - 前記X1、X2、X3及びX4のうち、少なくとも一つがヨウ素原子である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
- 前記反応を遷移金属化合物存在下で行う、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
- 前記遷移金属化合物がNi及びPdより選択される1種以上の元素を含む、請求項7に記載の含フッ素化合物の製造方法。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法により前記式(C1)又は式(C2)で表される含フッ素化合物を製造し、当該含フッ素化合物に反応性シリル基を導入する、表面処理剤の製造方法。
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JP2021031642A (ja) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-03-01 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 熱伝導性組成物 |
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JP2021031642A (ja) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-03-01 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 熱伝導性組成物 |
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