WO2022157979A1 - 室外機、空気調和機および室外機の設計方法 - Google Patents
室外機、空気調和機および室外機の設計方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022157979A1 WO2022157979A1 PCT/JP2021/002459 JP2021002459W WO2022157979A1 WO 2022157979 A1 WO2022157979 A1 WO 2022157979A1 JP 2021002459 W JP2021002459 W JP 2021002459W WO 2022157979 A1 WO2022157979 A1 WO 2022157979A1
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- heat exchanger
- row
- outdoor
- outdoor heat
- outdoor unit
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
- F24F1/14—Heat exchangers specially adapted for separate outdoor units
- F24F1/16—Arrangement or mounting thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/04—Condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
- F28D1/0477—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/02—Details of evaporators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/01—Geometry problems, e.g. for reducing size
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0061—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0068—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for refrigerant cycles
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to outdoor units, air conditioners, and outdoor unit design methods.
- R32 is generally used as a refrigerant in air conditioners. Due to refrigerant regulations in Europe, etc., it is required to use a refrigerant with a lower global warming potential (GWP) than R32 as a refrigerant used in the refrigeration cycle of air conditioners.
- GWP global warming potential
- R290 propane
- R290 is a refrigerant with a lower GWP than R32. Since R290 has a higher latent heat of vaporization than R32, it has a higher theoretical coefficient of performance (COP) of an air conditioner. Therefore, R290 is promising as a candidate refrigerant to replace R32.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-227822 describes an air conditioner using R290 as a refrigerant.
- R290 since R290 has a lower pressure than R32, the pressure loss of the refrigerant is large. Therefore, when R290 is used in an air conditioner, the coefficient of performance is lower than when R32 is used in an air conditioner having the same tube internal volume of the heat exchanger.
- As a method for avoiding the deterioration of the coefficient of performance due to the large pressure loss of the refrigerant it is conceivable to increase the pipe diameter of the heat exchanger or increase the number of paths of the heat exchanger.
- the cost of the heat exchanger increases due to an increase in the pipe diameter of the heat exchanger or an increase in the number of paths (the number of paths) of the heat exchanger.
- R290 has a lower thermal conductivity of liquid refrigerant than R32. Therefore, since R290 has a smaller thermal conductivity in the supercooled liquid portion than R32, the degree of supercooling of R290 tends to be smaller than that of R32. Therefore, when R290 is used in an air conditioner, the enthalpy difference of the evaporator becomes smaller than when R32 is used in an air conditioner with the same tube internal volume of the heat exchanger, so the coefficient of performance decreases. do.
- Methods for increasing the degree of supercooling include increasing the amount of refrigerant, reducing the pipe diameter of the heat exchanger, or reducing the number of paths in the heat exchanger.
- R290 since the maximum refrigerant charging amount of R290 is specified by international standards, it is difficult to increase the amount of refrigerant.
- R290 since R290 has a lower pressure than R32, the rate of increase in refrigerant pressure loss due to an increase in refrigerant flow velocity is large due to a reduction in the pipe diameter of the heat exchanger or a decrease in the number of paths. Therefore, the coefficient of performance is not improved because the condensing temperature is greatly increased.
- the present disclosure has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to improve the coefficient of performance of the air conditioner while suppressing the cost of the heat exchanger while using R290. It is to provide a design method for an outdoor unit.
- the outdoor unit of the present disclosure includes a housing and an outdoor heat exchanger housed in the housing.
- the outdoor heat exchanger has heat transfer tubes for flowing a refrigerant.
- the refrigerant is R290.
- the heat transfer tube has an internal volume of 70% or more and less than 100% of that when R32 is used as the refrigerant.
- the refrigerant is R290.
- the heat transfer tube has an internal volume of 70% or more and less than 100% of that when R32 is used as the refrigerant. Therefore, it is possible to improve the coefficient of performance of the air conditioner while suppressing the cost of the heat exchanger while using R290.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of an outdoor unit according to Embodiment 1
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which a portion forming a blowing chamber of the peripheral wall portion of the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 1, a fan grille, and a top plate portion are removed
- 2 is a schematic diagram schematically showing the configuration of an outdoor heat exchanger of the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in the coefficient of performance (COP) of the air conditioner with respect to the tube internal volume of the outdoor heat exchanger of the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 1.
- COP coefficient of performance
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in the degree of supercooling (SC) with respect to the tube internal volume of the outdoor heat exchanger of the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in refrigerant circulation amount (Gr) with respect to pipe internal volume of the outdoor heat exchanger of the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in compressor frequency with respect to tube internal volume of the outdoor heat exchanger of the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in the discharge pressure of the compressor with respect to the tube internal volume of the outdoor heat exchanger of the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in compressor input (Gr ⁇ hcomp) with respect to the tube internal volume of the outdoor heat exchanger of the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a front view schematically showing the height of the indoor heat exchanger with respect to the height of the housing of the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for designing an outdoor unit according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 9 is a top view schematically showing the product width of an outdoor heat exchanger with respect to the lateral length of the housing of the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 2; FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a top view schematically showing the length of the L-bent portion of the outdoor heat exchanger with respect to the length in the depth direction of the housing of the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 2;
- FIG. 11 is a front view schematically showing the height of an indoor heat exchanger with respect to the height of a housing of an outdoor unit according to Embodiment 3;
- FIG. 11 is a top view schematically showing the length of the L-bent portion of the outdoor heat exchanger with respect to the length in the depth direction of the housing of the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 3;
- FIG. 11 is a front view schematically showing the height of an indoor heat exchanger with respect to the height of a housing of a modified example of the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 3;
- FIG. 10 is a top view schematically showing the length of the L-bent portion of the outdoor heat exchanger with respect to the length in the depth direction of the housing of the modification of the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 3;
- Embodiment 1 A configuration of an air conditioner 1000 according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the air conditioner 1000 includes a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, a pressure reducing valve 4, an indoor heat exchanger 5, an outdoor fan 6, and an indoor fan. 7 and a control device 8 .
- An air conditioner 1000 includes an outdoor unit 100 and an indoor unit 200 connected to the outdoor unit 100 .
- the air conditioner 1000 includes the four-way valve 2 in the present embodiment, the air conditioner 1000 may be a cooling-only air conditioner that does not include the four-way valve 2 .
- a refrigerant circuit 10 includes a compressor 1 , a four-way valve 2 , an outdoor heat exchanger 3 , a pressure reducing valve 4 and an indoor heat exchanger 5 .
- Compressor 1 , four-way valve 2 , outdoor heat exchanger 3 , pressure reducing valve 4 and indoor heat exchanger 5 are connected by piping 20 .
- the refrigerant circuit 10 is configured to circulate the refrigerant.
- the refrigerant is R290 (propane).
- the compressor 1, the four-way valve 2, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the pressure reducing valve 4, the outdoor fan 6 and the control device 8 are housed in the outdoor unit 100.
- Indoor heat exchanger 5 and indoor fan 7 are housed in indoor unit 200 .
- the outdoor unit 100 and the indoor unit 200 are connected by a gas pipe 301 and a liquid pipe 302 .
- a part of the pipe 20 constitutes a gas pipe 301 and a liquid pipe 302 .
- the refrigerant circuit 10 is configured such that the refrigerant circulates through the compressor 1, the four-way valve 2, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the pressure reducing valve 4, the indoor heat exchanger 5, and the four-way valve 2 in this order during cooling operation. Further, the refrigerant circuit 10 is configured such that the refrigerant circulates in the order of the compressor 1, the four-way valve 2, the indoor heat exchanger 5, the pressure reducing valve 4, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, and the four-way valve 2 during the heating operation. .
- the compressor 1 is configured to compress refrigerant.
- the compressor 1 is configured to compress and discharge the sucked refrigerant.
- the compressor 1 may be configured to have a variable capacity.
- the compressor 1 may be configured such that the displacement is changed by adjusting the rotational speed of the compressor 1 based on an instruction from the control device 8 .
- the four-way valve 2 During cooling operation, the four-way valve 2 has the first port P1 connected to the third port P3 and the second port P2 connected to the fourth port P4.
- the four-way valve 2 is configured to flow the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 to the indoor heat exchanger 5 during heating operation.
- the four-way valve 2 has the first port P1 connected to the fourth port P4 and the second port P2 connected to the third port P3.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant flowing inside the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the air flowing outside the outdoor heat exchanger 3 .
- the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is configured to function as a condenser that condenses refrigerant during cooling operation, and to function as an evaporator that evaporates refrigerant during heating operation.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is a fin-and-tube heat exchanger having a plurality of fins and heat transfer tubes passing through the plurality of fins.
- the pressure reducing valve 4 is configured to reduce the pressure by expanding the refrigerant condensed in the condenser.
- the pressure reducing valve 4 is configured to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant condensed by the outdoor heat exchanger 3 during cooling operation, and to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant condensed by the indoor heat exchanger 5 during heating operation.
- the pressure reducing valve 4 is, for example, an electromagnetic expansion valve.
- the indoor heat exchanger 5 is configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant flowing inside the indoor heat exchanger 5 and the air flowing outside the indoor heat exchanger 5 .
- the indoor heat exchanger 5 is configured to function as an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant during cooling operation and as a condenser that condenses the refrigerant during heating operation.
- the indoor heat exchanger 5 is a fin-and-tube heat exchanger having a plurality of fins and heat transfer tubes passing through the plurality of fins.
- the indoor blower 7 is configured to blow indoor air to the indoor heat exchanger 5 . That is, the indoor fan 7 is configured to supply air to the indoor heat exchanger 5 .
- the control device 8 is configured to perform calculations, instructions, etc. to control each device of the air conditioner 1000 .
- the control device 8 is electrically connected to the compressor 1, the four-way valve 2, the pressure reducing valve 4, the outdoor fan 6, the indoor fan 7, etc., and is configured to control these operations.
- the air conditioner 1000 can selectively perform cooling operation and heating operation.
- the refrigerant circulates through the refrigerant circuit 10 in the order of the compressor 1, the four-way valve 2, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the pressure reducing valve 4, the indoor heat exchanger 5, and the four-way valve 2.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 3 functions as a condenser. Heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the air blown by the outdoor fan 6 .
- the indoor heat exchanger 5 functions as an evaporator. Heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 5 and the air blown by the indoor blower 7 .
- the outdoor unit 100 includes a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, a pressure reducing valve 4, an outdoor fan 6, a controller 8, and a housing. 101.
- a housing 101 accommodates a compressor 1 , a four-way valve 2 , an outdoor heat exchanger 3 , a pressure reducing valve 4 , an outdoor fan 6 and a control device 8 .
- the housing 101 has a bottom portion 102 , a peripheral wall portion 103 , a fan grill 104 , a top plate portion 105 and a separator 106 .
- a peripheral wall portion 103 is arranged on the bottom portion 102 .
- a blowout port (not shown) is provided in front of the peripheral wall portion 103 .
- a fan grill 104 is configured to cover the outlet.
- a top plate portion 105 is arranged on the peripheral wall portion 103 .
- the separator 106 is configured to separate the machine room 107 and the blower room 108 of the outdoor unit 100 .
- a compressor 1 , a four-way valve 2 , a pressure reducing valve 4 and a control device 8 are installed in the machine room 107 .
- An outdoor heat exchanger 3 and an outdoor fan 6 are installed in the blowing chamber 108 .
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram schematically showing the configuration of the outdoor heat exchanger 3. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the outdoor heat exchangers 3 are shown in one row for convenience of explanation.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 3 has heat transfer tubes HP for flowing refrigerant and a plurality of fins FP.
- a plurality of fins FP are stacked together.
- the heat transfer pipe HP is configured to pass through the plurality of fins FP.
- the heat transfer pipe HP is configured to meander.
- the outdoor heat exchanger and outdoor fan are set to the maximum size that can be installed with respect to the housing size of the outdoor unit in order to improve the performance (coefficient of performance) of the air conditioner. Installed. That is, in the Z direction and the X direction of the housing shown in FIG. 3, the outdoor heat exchanger is maximized within a range that can be accommodated in the housing. The reason for this is to increase the heat transfer area of the heat exchanger to improve the heat transfer performance, and to reduce the pressure loss on the air side of the heat exchanger by increasing the front surface area of the heat exchanger to reduce the input of the outdoor fan.
- the outdoor heat exchanger and the outdoor fan are installed at the maximum size of the installable range with respect to the housing size of the outdoor unit.
- the refrigerant is changed from R32 to R290 in such an outdoor unit, the coefficient of performance is not optimal.
- the following methods are conceivable for increasing the degree of supercooling (SC).
- the first method is to simply increase the amount of R290 refrigerant.
- a second method is to reduce the pipe diameter of the outdoor heat exchanger or reduce the number of paths.
- the above method has the following problems.
- Regarding the first method it is difficult to increase the amount of refrigerant because the maximum refrigerant charge amount of R290 is specified by international standards.
- Regarding the second method since R290 has a lower pressure than R32, an increase in the refrigerant flow velocity results in a large increase in refrigerant pressure loss. Therefore, the coefficient of performance (performance) is not improved because the condensing temperature is significantly increased.
- This embodiment aims to improve the coefficient of performance (performance) by increasing the degree of supercooling (SC) by a method other than the above. Specifically, the present embodiment aims to improve the coefficient of performance (performance) by increasing the degree of subcooling (SC) by reducing the internal volume of the outdoor heat exchanger.
- the number of stages of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 was reduced from 32 stages by two stages under the following conditions, and changes in the coefficient of performance (COP), etc., were calculated. That is, the 32 stages of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 correspond to 100% of the tube internal volume of the outdoor heat exchanger, 30 stages 94%, 28 stages 88%, 26 stages 81%, 24 stages 75%, 22 stages corresponds to 69%, and 20 steps corresponds to 63%.
- COP coefficient of performance
- Cooling rated conditions (outdoor dry-bulb temperature of 35°C, outdoor wet-bulb temperature of 24°C, indoor dry-bulb temperature of 27°C, and indoor wet-bulb temperature of 19°C) are applied. Cooling capacity is 2.5 kW.
- the refrigerant amount of R290 is 0.33 kg.
- the maximum refrigerant charging amount for flammable refrigerant in air conditioners is specified in the international standard IEC60335-2-40.
- the gas pipe diameter is 12.7 mm.
- the liquid tube diameter is 6.35 mm.
- the length of the gas pipe is 5m.
- the length of the liquid tube is 5 m.
- the outdoor air volume is 35.7 m 3 /min.
- the indoor air volume is 13.2 m 3 /min.
- the specifications of the outdoor heat exchanger are as follows.
- the outdoor heat exchanger is a fin-and-tube heat exchanger.
- the outer diameter of the heat transfer tube is 5 mm.
- the thickness of the heat transfer tube is 0.21 mm.
- the number of stages is 32 stages.
- the product width is 847 mm.
- the fin pitch (FP) is 1.5 mm.
- the step pitch (DP) is 21 mm.
- the row pitch (LP) is 22 mm.
- the thickness of the fins is 0.11 mm.
- the number of passes is 8-2 passes. In other words, there are 8 entrance paths and 2 exit paths during cooling.
- the specifications of the indoor heat exchanger are as follows.
- the indoor heat exchanger is a fin-and-tube heat exchanger.
- the outer diameter of the heat transfer tube is 5 mm.
- the thickness of the heat transfer tube is 0.21 mm.
- the number of stages is 30 stages.
- the product width is 789 mm.
- the fin pitch (FP) is 1.2 mm.
- the step pitch (DP) is 15.3 mm.
- the row pitch (LP) is 8.67 mm.
- the fin thickness is 0.095 mm.
- the number of passes is 2-4 passes. In other words, there are 2 paths for the entrance and 4 paths for the exit during cooling.
- the degree of supercooling (SC) increases as the tube internal volume of the outdoor heat exchanger decreases. That is, since the amount of refrigerant is fixed, the average density of the refrigerant increases when the volume inside the tubes of the outdoor heat exchanger decreases, so the degree of supercooling (SC) increases.
- FIG. 11 shows the height ZL2 of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 with respect to the height ZL1 of the housing 101 of the outdoor unit 100.
- FIG. The height of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 in the current machine is maximized to 89% or more and 95% or less of the height of the housing 101 of the outdoor unit 100 as described above.
- the height ZL1 of the housing 101 of the outdoor unit 100 of the room air conditioner is 530 mm
- the height ZL2 of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is 472 mm or more and 504 mm or less.
- COP coefficient of performance
- FIG. 5 a design method for the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5, 11 and 12.
- FIG. 5 a design method for the outdoor unit according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5, 11 and 12.
- the height ZL2 of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is 62% or more and less than 95% of the height ZL1 of the housing 101. Therefore, it is possible to improve the coefficient of performance of the air conditioner 1000 using R290 while suppressing the cost of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 .
- the heat transfer tubes HP are configured to pass through the plurality of fins FP. Therefore, a fin-and-tube heat exchanger can be used as the outdoor heat exchanger 3 .
- the outdoor unit 100 and the indoor unit 200 connected to the outdoor unit 100 are provided. Therefore, it is possible to improve the coefficient of performance of the air conditioner 1000 while suppressing the cost of the heat exchanger while using R290.
- the pipe internal volume of the outdoor heat exchanger using R290 is reduced so as to exceed the coefficient of performance when R32 is used.
- the pipe internal volume of the outdoor heat exchanger to be used is set. Therefore, it is possible to improve the coefficient of performance of the air conditioner 1000 while suppressing the cost of the heat exchanger while using R290.
- Embodiment 1 Although the size of the outdoor heat exchanger in the stage direction (Z direction) is reduced in Embodiment 1, similar effects can be obtained even if the size of the outdoor heat exchanger in the width direction (X direction) is reduced.
- FIG. 13 shows the product width XL2 of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 with respect to the lateral length XL1 of the housing 101 of the outdoor unit 100.
- FIG. The product width XL2 of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 in the current machine is maximized to 80% or more and 85% or less of the lateral length XL1 of the housing 101 of the outdoor unit 100 as described above.
- the product width XL2 of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is smaller than that in the Z direction due to the distributor, connecting pipes, etc. for the outdoor heat exchanger 3 .
- the lateral length XL1 of the housing 101 of the outdoor unit 100 of the room air conditioner is 699 mm
- the outdoor heat exchanger 3 has a width of 560 mm or more and 593 mm or less.
- COP coefficient of performance
- FIG. 14 shows the length YL2 of the L-bent portion of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 with respect to the length YL1 of the housing 101 of the outdoor unit 100 in the depth direction (Y direction).
- the length YL2 of the L-bent portion of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is 60% or more and less than 66% of the length YL1 of the housing 101 in the depth direction (Y direction). Since the outdoor heat exchanger 3 has a length in the depth direction (Y direction) that is not the L-bent portion, the length YL2 of the L-bend portion is a small value.
- the length YL1 in the depth direction (Y direction) of the housing 101 of the outdoor unit 100 of the room air conditioner is 249 mm
- the length YL2 of the L-bent portion of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is 150 mm. 164 mm or less.
- the total length (X direction + Y direction) of the L-bent outdoor heat exchanger 3 is 710 mm or more and 757 mm or less.
- the tube internal volume of the outdoor heat exchanger according to the present embodiment which is equal to or higher than the COP (100%) at the current outdoor heat exchanger volume (100%), is 70% or more and less than 100%. . Therefore, when R290 is used, the length of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is 497 mm or more and 757 mm. If the length of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is 497 mm or more and 593 mm or less, the L-bent portion of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 can be eliminated because it is equal to or less than the product width of the existing outdoor heat exchanger.
- the L-bent portion of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is a bottleneck and the blade diameter or the bell mouth diameter of the outdoor fan 6 cannot be increased, eliminating the L-bent portion of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 can reduce the blade diameter and bell diameter of the outdoor fan. You can expand the mouse diameter. As a result, the aerodynamic performance can also be improved, so further performance improvement is possible.
- the product width XL2 of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is 56% or more and less than 85% of the horizontal length XL1 of the housing 101 . Therefore, it is possible to improve the coefficient of performance of the air conditioner 1000 using R290 while suppressing the cost of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 .
- Embodiment 3 unlike Embodiments 1 and 2, the length of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 in the Y direction (the number of rows) is reduced, not in the Z direction or X direction.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 3 has two or more rows.
- the tube internal volume of the outdoor heat exchanger according to the present embodiment is 75% or more and 95% or less of the tube internal volume of the existing heat exchanger.
- the row to be reduced should be on the windward side (away from the outdoor fan 6).
- the reason for this is that by making the heat exchanger on the leeward side, which is the inlet side of the condenser, 100% the size of the current heat exchanger, it becomes easier to handle the paths in the multipath part, and the number of heat exchangers can be reduced. This is because the degree of supercooling can be easily taken by setting the on the windward side.
- the first row 31 is L-shaped and the second row 32 is straight. Similarly, when there are three rows of outdoor heat exchangers in the Y direction, only one row is eliminated.
- the size of one row to be reduced may be 10% or more and less than 100% of the size of the current heat exchanger. Assuming that the internal volume of the pipes in the first row of the current heat exchanger is 100%, the internal volume of the pipes in the third row is 300%.
- the pipe internal volume of the outdoor heat exchanger according to the present embodiment which is equal to or higher than the coefficient of performance (COP 100%) at the pipe internal volume of the current heat exchanger (tube internal volume 100%), is 70% or more of the pipe internal volume of the current heat exchanger. Less than 100%.
- the third row 33 is arranged on the windward side of the first row 31 and the second row 32.
- the first row 31 and the second row 32 are bent in an L shape, and the third row 33 is straight.
- the height is 89% or more and 95% or less of the height of the housing 101 .
- the height of the second row 32 is 45% or more and 86% or less of the height of the housing 101 . Therefore, it is possible to improve the coefficient of performance of the air conditioner 1000 using R290 while suppressing the cost of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 .
- the product width of the first row 31 is 80% or more and 85% or less of the lateral length of the housing 101 .
- the product width of the second row 32 is 40% or more and 77% or less of the lateral length of the housing. Therefore, it is possible to improve the coefficient of performance of the air conditioner 1000 using R290 while suppressing the cost of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 .
- the second row 32 is arranged on the windward side of the first row 31 in the flow of air generated by the outdoor fan 6 .
- the heat exchanger on the leeward side which is the inlet side of the condenser, is 100% the size of the current heat exchanger, making it easier to handle the paths in the multi-path part and reducing the number of heat exchangers. This is because the degree of supercooling can be easily taken by setting it on the windward side.
- the heights of the first row 31 and the second row 32 are 89% or more and 95% or less of the height of the housing 101 .
- the height of the third row 33 is 22% or more and 81% or less of the height of the housing 101 . Therefore, it is possible to improve the coefficient of performance of the air conditioner 1000 using R290 while suppressing the cost of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 .
- the product width of the first row 31 and the second row 32 is 80% or more and 85% or less of the lateral length of the housing 101 .
- the product width of the third row 33 is 20% or more and 72% or less of the lateral length of the housing 101 . Therefore, it is possible to improve the coefficient of performance of the air conditioner 1000 using R290 while suppressing the cost of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 .
- the third row 33 is arranged on the windward side of the first row 31 and the second row 32 in the flow of air generated by the outdoor fan 6.
- the heat exchanger on the leeward side which is the inlet side of the condenser, is 100% the size of the current heat exchanger, making it easier to handle the paths in the multi-path part and reducing the number of heat exchangers. This is because the degree of supercooling can be easily taken by setting it on the windward side.
- the first row 31 and the second row 32 are L-shaped, and the third row 33 is straight. Therefore, by bending the leeward side into an L shape, the volume of the outdoor heat exchanger on the windward side can be reduced. At the same time, the aerodynamic performance is improved because the frontal area is not reduced.
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Abstract
Description
図1を参照して、実施の形態1に係る空気調和機1000の構成について説明する。
実施の形態1に係る室外機100によれば、冷媒はR290である。伝熱管は冷媒としてR32が用いられた場合に対して、70%以上100%未満の管内容積を有している。冷媒としてR32が用いられた場合の成績係数以上となる室外熱交換器3の管内容積は、冷媒としてR32が用いられた場合の管内面積の70%以上100%未満である。したがって、R290を用いながら熱交換器のコストを抑えつつ空気調和機1000の成績係数を向上させることができる。
実施の形態2に係る空気調和機1000は、特に説明しない限り、実施の形態1に係る空気調和機1000と同一の構成、動作および作用効果を有している。
実施の形態2に係る室外機100によれば、室外熱交換器3の積幅XL2は、筐体101の横方向長さXL1の56%以上85%未満である。したがって、室外熱交換器3のコストを抑えつつR290を用いた空気調和機1000の成績係数を向上させることができる。
実施の形態3に係る空気調和機1000は、特に説明しない限り、実施の形態1に係る空気調和機1000と同一の構成、動作および作用効果を有している。
Y方向に室外熱交換器が3列の場合も同様に、1列のみが削減される。削減される1列は、現行熱交換器の10%以上100%未満のサイズとすればよい。現行熱交換器の1列の管内容積を100%とすると、3列の管内容積は300%である。現行熱交換器の管内容積(管内容積100%)での成績係数(COP100%)以上となる本実施の形態に係る室外熱交換器の管内容積は、現行熱交換器の管内容積の70%以上100%未満である。そのため、現行熱交換器の管内容積(管内容積100%)での成績係数(COP100%)以上となる本実施の形態に係る熱交換器の3列の管内容積は、現行熱交換器の3列の管内容積の210%以上300%未満(=300%×(70%~100%))である。室外熱交換器3の前面面積を減らさないため、後面側の1列のみで管内容積が削減されると、削減される1列での管内容積は、現行熱交換器の管内容積の10%以上100%未満(=(210%~300%)-200%)である。より好ましい範囲(最適COPから1%低減まで)では、本実施の形態に係る室外熱交換器の管内容積は、現行熱交換器の管内容積の75%以上95%以下である。そのため、より好ましい範囲(最適COPから1%低減まで)となる本実施の形態に係る熱交換器の3列の管内容積は現行熱交換器の3列の管内容積の225%以上285%以下(=300%×(75%~95%))である。室外熱交換器3の前面面積を減らさないため、後面側の1列のみで管内容積が削減されると、削減される1列での管内容積は、現行熱交換器の管内容積の25%以上85%以下(=(225%~285%)-200%)である。したがって、削減される1列の管内容積は、現行熱交換器の25%以上85%以下のサイズとなる。
実施の形態3に係る室外機100によれば、筐体101の高さの89%以上95%以下である。第2列32の高さは、筐体101の高さの45%以上86%以下である。したがって、室外熱交換器3のコストを抑えつつR290を用いた空気調和機1000の成績係数を向上させることができる。
Claims (14)
- 筐体と、
前記筐体に収容された室外熱交換器とを備え、
前記室外熱交換器は、冷媒を流すための伝熱管を有しており、
前記冷媒は、R290であり、
前記伝熱管は、前記冷媒としてR32が用いられた場合に対して、70%以上100%未満の管内容積を有している、室外機。 - 前記室外熱交換器の高さは、前記筐体の高さの62%以上95%未満である、請求項1に記載の室外機。
- 前記室外熱交換器の積幅は、前記筐体の横方向長さの56%以上85%未満である、請求項1に記載の室外機。
- 前記室外熱交換器は、第1列および第2列を有しており、
前記第1列の高さは、前記筐体の高さの89%以上95%以下であり、
前記第2列の高さは、前記筐体の高さの45%以上86%以下である、請求項1に記載の室外機。 - 前記室外熱交換器は、第1列および第2列を有しており、
前記第1列の積幅は、前記筐体の横方向長さの80%以上85%以下であり、
前記第2列の積幅は、前記筐体の横方向長さの40%以上77%以下である、請求項1に記載の室外機。 - 室外送風機をさらに備え、
前記室外送風機が発生させる風の流れにおいて、前記第2列は、前記第1列よりも風上側に配置されている、請求項4または5に記載の室外機。 - 前記第1列はL字状に曲げられており、
前記第2列は直線状に構成されている、請求項6に記載の室外機。 - 前記室外熱交換器は、第1列、第2列および第3列を有しており、
前記第1列および前記第2列の高さは、前記筐体の高さの89%以上95%以下であり、
前記第3列の高さは、前記筐体の高さの22%以上81%以下である、請求項1に記載の室外機。 - 前記室外熱交換器は、第1列、第2列および第3列を有しており、
前記第1列および前記第2列の積幅は、前記筐体の横方向長さの80%以上85%以下であり、
前記第3列の積幅は、前記筐体の横方向長さの20%以上72%以下である、請求項1に記載の室外機。 - 室外送風機をさらに備え、
前記室外送風機が発生させる風の流れにおいて、前記第3列は、前記第1列および前記第2列よりも風上側に配置されている、請求項8または9に記載の室外機。 - 前記第1列および前記第2列はL字状に曲げられており、
前記第3列は直線状に構成されている、請求項10に記載の室外機。 - 前記室外熱交換器は、互いに積層された複数のフィンをさらに有しており、
前記伝熱管は、前記複数のフィンを貫通するように構成されている、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の室外機。 - 請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の室外機と、
前記室外機に接続された室内機とを備えている、空気調和機。 - R32が用いられた場合の室外熱交換器の管内容積が設定される工程と、
前記R32が用いられた場合の成績係数を超えるようにR290が用いられる前記室外熱交換器の前記管内容積が削減されることにより、前記R290が用いられる前記室外熱交換器の前記管内容積が設定される工程とを備えた室外機の設計方法。
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