WO2022157940A1 - 貯湯式給湯装置 - Google Patents
貯湯式給湯装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022157940A1 WO2022157940A1 PCT/JP2021/002298 JP2021002298W WO2022157940A1 WO 2022157940 A1 WO2022157940 A1 WO 2022157940A1 JP 2021002298 W JP2021002298 W JP 2021002298W WO 2022157940 A1 WO2022157940 A1 WO 2022157940A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hot water
- water storage
- storage tank
- flow path
- inlet
- Prior art date
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 636
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
- F24D19/1054—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/0026—Domestic hot-water supply systems with conventional heating means
- F24D17/0031—Domestic hot-water supply systems with conventional heating means with accumulation of the heated water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/0073—Arrangements for preventing the occurrence or proliferation of microorganisms in the water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/0078—Recirculation systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/14—Cleaning; Sterilising; Preventing contamination by bacteria or microorganisms, e.g. by replacing fluid in tanks or conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
- F24H15/414—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based
- F24H15/421—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based using pre-stored data
- F24H15/429—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based using pre-stored data for selecting operation modes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
- F24H4/02—Water heaters
- F24H4/04—Storage heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/12—Heat pump
- F24D2200/123—Compression type heat pumps
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a hot water storage type hot water supply device.
- high temperature hot water is gradually stored from the top of the hot water storage tank due to the boiling operation.
- low-temperature hot water has a high density, so it is stored in the lower part, and high-temperature hot water is stored in the upper part, because the density is low.
- Low temperature In particular, when tap water is supplied to the hot water storage tank by supplying hot water to the outside, the temperature in the lower part of the hot water storage tank or in the piping on the flow path connected to the lower part of the hot water storage tank becomes low. Since these low-temperature portions create an environment in which microorganisms easily grow, there is a problem that sanitation cannot be maintained for a long period of time.
- the present disclosure has been made to solve the above-described problems, and prevents the lower part of the hot water storage tank and the flow path connected to the lower part of the hot water storage tank from becoming an environment where microorganisms tend to grow, thereby providing a hygienic solution.
- a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus includes a heating device, a hot water storage tank for storing hot water, a first flow path connected to a lower portion of the hot water storage tank, and hot water flowing out of the hot water storage tank through the first flow path.
- a boiling operation in which the liquid is sent to the heating device and the hot water heated by the heating device is sent to the upper part of the hot water storage tank, and the hot water flowing out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank is sent to the lower part of the hot water storage tank through the first flow path.
- a control unit for selectively switching the liquid reflux operation.
- the hot water flowing out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank is sent to the lower part of the hot water storage tank, so that the water in the flow path connected to the lower part of the hot water storage tank and the lower part of the hot water storage tank , the growth of microorganisms can be suppressed and the sustainability of hygiene can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the boiling operation of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating operation of the recirculation operation of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the boiling operation of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating operation of a recirculation operation of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present disclosure
- FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present disclosure;
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
- the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 roughly includes a hot water storage unit 10 , a heat pump unit 200 , and a control section 300 .
- the hot water storage unit 10 is represented by a dotted line in FIG.
- Also connected to the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 are a bathtub 400, a hot water supply terminal 124 for supplying hot water to the outside, and a water supply terminal 120 for supplying tap water from the outside.
- Hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 stores hot water heated by heat pump unit 200 as a heating device in hot water storage tank 101 of hot water storage unit 10 .
- the heat pump unit 200 includes, for example, a compressor (not shown), a water-refrigerant heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an air heat exchanger. These are connected in a ring to form a refrigeration cycle circuit for circulating the refrigerant.
- the heating device is the heat pump unit 200 will be described as an example, but the heating device may be a combustion heater that heats by burning fuel such as gas or oil.
- the hot water storage tank 101 is for storing hot water, and has a first inlet/outlet 101a positioned above the hot water storage tank 101 in the vertical direction, which is the vertical direction in FIG. It has an inlet/outlet 101b.
- the "upper portion of the hot water storage tank 101” is not limited to the top of the hot water storage tank 101, but includes a height range close to the top.
- the “lower portion of the hot water storage tank 101” is not limited to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101, but includes a height range close to the bottom.
- 1 shows an example in which the first inlet/outlet 101a is provided at the top of the hot water storage tank 101 and the second inlet/outlet 101b is provided at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101. As shown in FIG.
- a water supply port 101c through which tap water is supplied is further provided at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101 .
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which the water supply port 101c is provided at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101, but the installation position of the water supply port 101c is not limited to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101.
- FIG. Flow path 11 connecting the upper portion and the lower portion of hot water storage tank 101 includes first flow path 111 , second flow path 112 , third flow path 113 , and fourth flow path 114 outside hot water storage tank 101 .
- Each of the first flow path 111 to the fourth flow path 114 is composed of a pipe or the like for sending hot water.
- a circulation pump 102 , a four-way valve 103 , and a heat pump unit 200 are provided in the flow path 11 .
- the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 selectively switches between a boiling operation and a recirculation operation.
- the circulation pump 102 is operated to cause hot water to flow out from the second inlet/outlet 101b at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101 into the flow path 11, and the flowed out hot water is directed to the inlet side of the heat pump unit 200 on the flow path 11. , and the heated hot water flowing out from the outlet side of the heat pump unit 200 is sent to the first inlet/outlet 101 a in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 .
- the circulation pump 102 In the reflux operation, the circulation pump 102 is operated so that the hot water flowing out from the first inlet/outlet 101a in the upper portion of the hot water storage tank 101 is routed through the flow path 11 and sent to the second inlet/outlet 101b in the lower portion of the hot water storage tank 101. It is done by liquid.
- the control unit 300 selectively switches between the boiling operation and the recirculation operation, and controls the operations of the switching unit, the circulation pump 102 and the heat pump unit 200, which will be described later, in each operation. The details of the boiling operation and the reflux operation will be described later.
- the four-way valve 103 is provided in the channel 11, and by switching the communication destinations of these four channels (first channel 111 to fourth channel 114), the order in which hot water flows through the four channels is controlled. It functions as a switching unit for switching.
- the circulation pump 102 operates to cause hot water to flow through the flow path 11 in both the boiling operation and the reflux operation.
- the circulation pump 102 may be operated only in one of the boiling operation and the reflux operation, and another circulation device may be provided and operated in the other operation.
- the four-way valve 103 has four inlets and outlets for hot and cold water: a first water inlet/outlet 3a, a second water inlet/outlet 3b, a third inlet/outlet 3c, and a fourth inlet/outlet 3d.
- the first flow path 111 connects the first inlet/outlet port 3 a of the four-way valve 103 and the second inlet/outlet port 101 b at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101 .
- Second flow path 112 connects second inlet/outlet port 3 b of four-way valve 103 and the hot water inlet side of heat pump unit 200 .
- Third flow path 113 connects third inlet/outlet port 3 c of four-way valve 103 and the hot water outlet side of heat pump unit 200 .
- the fourth flow path 114 connects the fourth water inlet/outlet 3 d of the four-way valve 103 and the first inlet/outlet 101 a in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 .
- the fourth flow path 114 has a branch portion 114a in the middle and is connected to the first inlet/outlet 101a at the top of the hot water storage tank 101, and also to the inlet 1b of the mixing valve 121 and the inlet 2b of the mixing valve 122, which will be described later. are also connected.
- circulation pump 102 is provided on the second flow path 112 in FIG. By operating circulation pump 102 , a hot water flow is formed in a direction from the hot water inlet side of heat pump unit 200 toward the hot water outlet side of heat pump unit 200 .
- tap water is supplied to the hot water storage tank 101 from the water supply port 101 c provided at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101 through the water supply end 120 .
- the water supply end 120 is connected to the water supply port 101c via a fifth flow path 115 and a branch portion 115a provided in the middle of the fifth flow path 115 .
- the fifth flow path 115 is configured by a pipe or the like for sending water.
- a mixing valve 121 and a mixing valve 122 are connected to the water supply end 120 .
- the mixing valve 121 has inlets 1a, 1b and an outlet 1c.
- the mixing valve 122 has inlets 2a, 2b and an outlet 2c.
- the water supply end 120 is connected to the inlet 1a of the mixing valve 121 and the inlet 2a of the mixing valve 122 via a branch portion 115a provided in the middle of the fifth flow path 115, respectively.
- the inlet 1b of the mixing valve 121 and the inlet 2b of the mixing valve 122 are connected to the first inlet/outlet 101a of the hot water storage tank 101 and the fourth inlet/outlet 3d of the four-way valve 103 via the fourth flow path 114 .
- the outlet 1 c of the mixing valve 121 is connected to the hot water supply end 124 via the sixth flow path 116 .
- a thermistor 131 is installed in the middle of the sixth flow path 116 as a hot water temperature detector for detecting the temperature of hot water supplied to the hot water supply end 124 .
- the outlet 2 c of the mixing valve 122 is connected to the bathtub 400 via the seventh flow path 117 .
- a thermistor 132 is installed in the middle of the seventh flow path 117 as a hot water temperature detector for detecting the temperature of hot water supplied to the bathtub 400 .
- the measurement results of the thermistors 131 and 132 are sent to the control section 300 .
- the sixth flow path 116 and the seventh flow path 117 are configured by piping for feeding hot water.
- the control unit 300 When executing the boiling operation, the control unit 300 communicates between the first water inlet/outlet 3a and the second water inlet/outlet 3b of the four-way valve 103, and communicates with the third inlet/outlet 3c and the fourth water inlet/outlet 3d.
- the four-way valve 103 is controlled so that the At this time, the four-way valve 103 is switched to a boiling operation state in which the first flow path 111 and the second flow path 112 communicate and the third flow path 113 and the fourth flow path 114 communicate. Further, the control unit 300 operates the circulation pump 102 while controlling the four-way valve 103 in this way.
- hot water flows in the flow path 11 from the second inlet/outlet 101b at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101 to the first flow path 111, the first water inlet/outlet 3a of the four-way valve 103, the second water inlet/outlet 3b, and the second flow path.
- circulation pump 102 circulation pump 102, heat pump unit 200, third channel 113, third inlet/outlet port 3c of four-way valve 103, fourth inlet/outlet port 3d, fourth channel 114, first inlet/outlet at the top of hot water storage tank 101 101a in turn.
- the control unit 300 controls the heat pump unit 200 so that the heat pump unit 200 heats the hot water that flows into the inlet side of the heat pump unit 200 and causes the heated hot water to flow out to the outlet side of the heat pump unit 200. .
- the hot water taken out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101 is heated by the heat pump unit 200, which is a heating device, and the heated hot water is sent to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 to perform the boiling operation.
- the heat pump unit 200 heats the hot water to be sent to the hot water storage tank 101 to a temperature of 45 degrees or higher.
- the tap water Since the tap water is normally lower in temperature than the hot water in the hot water storage tank 101, it stays in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101 because of its high density. As a result, the temperature of the hot water in the lower portion of the hot water storage tank 101 is lowered.
- Microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi generally grow at a temperature of 20 to 40°C. Microbial cells or a biofilm in which microorganisms accumulate adhere to the flow path connected to the . When microorganisms and biofilms adhere, the hygiene of hot water cannot be maintained.
- hot water storage-type hot water supply apparatus 1 by executing the reflux operation, the growth of microorganisms is suppressed in the lower portion of hot water storage tank 101 and in channel 11 connected from the lower portion to the upper portion of hot water storage tank 101. to maintain hygiene.
- the sanitation in the piping of the first flow path 111 connected to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101 can be improved.
- FIG. 3 the direction of hot water flow in the flow path 11 and the four-way valve 103 when the recirculation operation is performed is indicated by dotted arrows.
- the control unit 300 executes the reflux operation
- the second water inlet/outlet port 3b and the fourth water inlet/outlet port 3d of the four-way valve 103 are communicated with each other, and the first water inlet/outlet port 3a and the third water inlet/outlet port 3c are communicated.
- the four-way valve 103 is controlled so as to communicate.
- the four-way valve 103 is switched to a reflux operation state in which the fourth flow path 114 and the second flow path 112 are in communication, and the third flow path 113 and the first flow path 11) are in communication.
- the control unit 300 operates the circulation pump 102 while controlling the four-way valve 103 in this way.
- hot water flows in the flow path 11 from the first inlet/outlet 101a at the top of the hot water storage tank 101 to the fourth flow path 114, the fourth inlet/outlet 3d of the four-way valve 103, the second inlet/outlet 3b, and the second flow path.
- circulation pump 102, heat pump unit 200, third channel 113, third inlet/outlet port 3c of four-way valve 103, first inlet/outlet port 3a, first channel 111, second inlet/outlet at the bottom of hot water storage tank 101 101b in turn.
- the hot water taken out from the upper portion of the hot water storage tank 101 is sent to the lower portion of the hot water storage tank 101 .
- the control unit 300 stops heating by the heat pump unit 200 provided in the flow path 11 and only allows water to flow through the heat pump unit 200 .
- the high-temperature hot water taken out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 is sent to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101, and the reflux operation is executed to circulate it, thereby raising the temperature of the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101 and causing the growth of microorganisms. temperature at which it is difficult to
- the inside of the circulation pump 102 and the heat pump unit 200 can be sterilized by high temperature or by running water.
- the flow path is connected from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101 and from the lower part to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 in an energy-saving manner without using a heating device. 11, sanitation can be maintained efficiently.
- the uniformity of the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 101 is enhanced by the reflux operation in which the hot water taken out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 is sent to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101. It is possible to suppress the temperature drop of the hot water in the lower part of the.
- the control unit 300 When the temperature of the hot water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 is low, the control unit 300 operates the heat pump unit 200 to increase the sterilization effect by operating the heat pump unit 200 when executing the circulation operation.
- the hot water taken out from the hot water storage tank 101 may be heated and sent to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101 . Even if a heating device is used, the hot water from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 has a higher temperature than the hot water from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101, so that it can be heated with less energy. With energy saving, sanitation can be efficiently maintained in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101 and in the flow path 11 connected from the lower part to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 .
- the control unit 300 controls such a recirculation operation to be performed, for example, at regular timings when high-temperature hot water is stored in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 .
- the control unit 300 may control so that the recirculation operation is performed when hot water is not used after the boiling operation and tap water is not supplied.
- Control unit 300 transmits to control unit 300 whether or not hot water has been used, for example, the result of measuring the temperature of hot water by a water thermometer (not shown) in hot water storage tank 101 or the measurement results of thermistors 131 and 132. It is possible to judge by a water thermometer (not shown) in hot water storage tank 101 or the measurement results of thermistors 131 and 132. It is possible to judge by a water thermometer (not shown) in hot water storage tank 101 or the measurement results of thermistors 131 and 132. It is possible to judge by a water thermometer (not shown) in hot water storage tank 101 or the measurement results of thermistors 131 and 132. It is
- control unit 300 may perform the recirculation operation immediately after the boiling operation. Immediately after the boiling operation, there may be a difference in temperature between the top and bottom of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 101. Therefore, by performing the reflux operation immediately after the boiling operation, the temperature of the hot water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101 can be prevented from decreasing. It is possible to sterilize the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101 and the inside of the flow path 11 connected from the lower part to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 by high temperature or by running water.
- the hot water storage tank can be saved in energy.
- the growth of microorganisms can be efficiently suppressed, and the sustainability of hygiene can be improved.
- this circulation operation improves the uniformity of the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank, and suppresses the temperature drop of the hot water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank.
- Embodiment 2 In the second embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for the same components as in the first embodiment of the present disclosure, and the description of the same or corresponding parts is omitted.
- a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 2 according to Embodiment 2 will be described below with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 2 according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
- storage-type hot water supply apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. In the unit 20 (the range indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 4), two three-way valves 104 and 105 are used as switching units.
- hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 2 includes channel 12 that connects first inlet/outlet 101 a at the top of hot water storage tank 101 and second inlet/outlet 101 b at the bottom.
- Flow path 12 connecting the upper portion and the lower portion of hot water storage tank 101 includes first flow path 111 , second flow path 112 , third flow path 113 , and fourth flow path 114 outside hot water storage tank 101 .
- a circulation pump 102 , a three-way valve 104 , a three-way valve 105 and a heat pump unit 200 are provided in the flow path 12 .
- the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 2 has a control unit 302 .
- the control unit 302 selectively switches between the boiling operation and the recirculation operation, and controls the operations of the switching unit (the three-way valve 104 and the three-way valve 105), the circulation pump 102, and the heat pump unit 200 in each operation.
- the three-way valve 104 and the three-way valve 105 each have three water inlet/outlet ports for hot water inlet/outlet.
- the three-way valve 104 has a first water inlet/outlet 4a, a second water inlet/outlet 4b, and a third water inlet/outlet 4c.
- the three-way valve 105 has a first water inlet/outlet 5d, a second water inlet/outlet 5e, and a third water inlet/outlet 5f.
- the first inlet/outlet port 4 a of the three-way valve 104 and the first inlet/outlet port 5 d of the three-way valve 105 are connected to the first channel 111 .
- the first water inlet/outlet 4a and the first water inlet/outlet 5d are connected to the second inlet/outlet 101b at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101 via the first flow path 111.
- a second inlet/outlet port 4 b of the three-way valve 105 is connected to the second flow path 112 .
- the second water inlet/outlet 4 b is connected to the hot water inlet side of the heat pump unit 200 via the circulation pump 102 .
- a second inlet/outlet port 5 e of the three-way valve 105 is connected to the third flow path 113 .
- the second water inlet/outlet 5 e is connected to the hot water outlet side of the heat pump unit 200 via the third flow path 113 .
- Both the third inlet/outlet port 4 c of the three-way valve 104 and the third inlet/outlet port 5 f of the three-way valve 105 are connected to the fourth flow path 114 .
- the third water inlet/outlet 4c and the third water inlet/outlet 5f are connected via the fourth flow path 114 and the branching portion 114a provided in the middle of the fourth flow path 114 to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101. It is connected to one inlet/outlet 101a.
- the control unit 302 connects the first water inlet/outlet 4a and the second water inlet/outlet 4b of the three-way valve 104, and connects the second water inlet/outlet 5e of the three-way valve 105 with the third water inlet/outlet.
- the three-way valve 104 and the three-way valve 105 are controlled so as to communicate with the inlet/outlet port 5f.
- the three-way valve 104 and the three-way valve 105 are switched to a boiling operation state in which the first flow path 111 and the second flow path 112 communicate and the third flow path 113 and the fourth flow path 114 communicate.
- control unit 302 operates the circulation pump 102 while controlling the three-way valve 104 and the three-way valve 105 in this way.
- hot water flows in the flow path 12 from the second inlet/outlet 101b at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101 to the first flow path 111, the first water inlet/outlet 4a of the three-way valve 104, the second water inlet/outlet 4b, and the second flow path.
- control unit 302 controls the heat pump unit 200 so that the heat pump unit 200 heats hot water flowing into the inlet side of the heat pump unit 200 and causes the heated hot water to flow out to the outlet side of the heat pump unit 200.
- the hot water taken out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101 is heated by the heat pump unit 200, which is a heating device, and the heated hot water is sent to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 to perform the boiling operation.
- hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 101 in a state in which hot water is gradually stacked from above on low temperature hot water at the bottom in the vertical direction of the hot water storage tank 101 .
- tap water is supplied to the hot water storage tank 101 from the water supply end 120 via the fifth flow path 115 and from the water supply port 101c by supplying the mixed hot water to the outside.
- the direction of tap water flow from the water supply end 120 to the hot water storage tank 101 is indicated by a dashed-dotted arrow.
- a reflux operation is performed in which the hot water taken out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 is sent to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101 .
- Hot water is passed through the flow path 12 also in the circulation operation of the hot water storage type hot water supply device 2 .
- FIG. 6 the direction in which hot water flows in the first flow path 111 to the fourth flow path 114, the three-way valve 104, and the three-way valve 105 on the flow path 12 when the reflux operation is executed is indicated by dotted arrows.
- the control unit 302 When executing the reflux operation, the control unit 302 causes the second water inlet/outlet 4b and the third water inlet/outlet 4c of the three-way valve 104 to communicate with each other, and the first water inlet/outlet 5d and the second water inlet/outlet of the three-way valve 105 to communicate with each other.
- the three-way valve 104 and the three-way valve 105 are controlled so that 5e is communicated.
- the three-way valve 104 and the three-way valve 105 are switched to a reflux operation state in which the fourth flow path 114 and the second flow path 112 are in communication, and the third flow path 113 and the first flow path 11) are in communication.
- control unit 302 operates the circulation pump 102 while controlling the three-way valve 104 and the three-way valve 105 in this way.
- hot water flows in the flow path 12 from the first inlet/outlet 101a at the top of the hot water storage tank 101 to the fourth flow path 114, the third inlet/outlet 4c of the three-way valve 104, the second inlet/outlet 4b, and the second flow path.
- circulation pump 102, heat pump unit 200, third channel 113, second inlet/outlet 5e of three-way valve 105, first inlet/outlet 5d, first channel 111, second inlet/outlet at the bottom of hot water storage tank 101 101b in turn. In this manner, the hot water taken out from the upper portion of the hot water storage tank 101 is sent to the lower portion of the hot water storage tank 101 .
- control unit 302 stops heating the heat pump unit 200 and only allows water to flow through the heat pump unit 200 .
- the high-temperature hot water taken out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 is sent to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101, and the reflux operation is executed to circulate it, thereby raising the temperature of the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101 and causing the growth of microorganisms.
- the first flow path 111, the second flow path 112, the third flow path 113, the fourth flow path 114, the three-way valve 104, The insides of the three-way valve 105, the circulation pump 102, and the heat pump unit 200 can be sterilized by high temperature or by running water.
- the heat pump unit 200 when performing the reflux operation, the heat pump unit 200 is operated to heat the hot water taken out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 and send it to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101. , can enhance the bactericidal effect.
- Embodiment 3 In the third embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for the same components as in the first embodiment of the present disclosure, and the description of the same or corresponding parts is omitted.
- a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 3 according to Embodiment 3 will be described below with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 3 according to Embodiment 3 of the present disclosure.
- the hot water is supplied to the outside in the hot water storage unit 30 (the range indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 7) of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 3 according to the third embodiment.
- Flow rate sensors 125 and 126 are installed as water quantity detectors for measuring the quantity of hot water.
- a flow rate sensor 127 is installed as a water amount detector for measuring the amount of tap water supplied to the hot water storage tank 101 .
- a flow rate sensor 125 is installed in the middle of the sixth flow path 116 connected to the hot water supply end 124, and the seventh flow path connected to the bathtub 400 is installed.
- a flow sensor 126 is installed on the way of 117 . Hot water supplied to the outside passes through the sixth flow path 116 or the seventh flow path 117 .
- a flow rate sensor 127 is installed between the branch portion 115 a of the fifth flow path 115 connected to the water supply end 120 and the second inlet/outlet 101 b of the hot water storage tank 101 . Tap water supplied to the hot water storage tank 101 passes through the fifth flow path 115 and the branch portion 115a. If the flow rate sensor 127 can measure the amount of tap water injected into the hot water storage tank 101, the installation location is not limited to this. All of the flow sensors 125, 126, and 127 may be installed, or only one of them may be installed as necessary.
- Storage-type hot water supply apparatus 3 has control unit 303 .
- the control unit 303 controls the boiling operation, the recirculation operation, and the switching operation of the four-way valve 103, which is a switching unit.
- the boiling operation of storage-type hot-water supply device 3 is the same as that of storage-type hot-water supply device 1 according to Embodiment 1, and therefore will be omitted.
- the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 3 according to the third embodiment as in the first embodiment, after the boiling operation, the hot water taken out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 101 is fed to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101. to run.
- points different from those of Embodiment 1 will be described below.
- control unit 303 controls the operation of the recirculation operation according to the amount of tap water supplied to hot water storage tank 101 .
- a flow rate sensor 125 installed on the hot water supply end 124 side measures the amount of hot water supplied to the outside at the hot water supply end 124 .
- the thermistor 131 measures the temperature of the hot water.
- the measurement results of the flow rate sensor 125 and the thermistor 131 are sent to the controller 303 . Since the heat quantity can be calculated as the product of the temperature and the water quantity, the heat quantity of the hot water supplied to the hot water supply end 124 can be calculated from the measured quantity and temperature of the hot water.
- the control unit 303 calculates the amount of hot water taken out from the top of the hot water storage tank 101 and estimates the amount of tap water injected into the hot water storage tank 101 .
- the amount of hot water supplied to the outside from the bathtub 400 is measured by a flow sensor 126 installed on the bathtub 400 side.
- the temperature of the hot water is measured by the thermistor 132 .
- the measurement results of the flow rate sensor 126 and the thermistor 133 are sent to the control section 303 .
- the control unit 303 calculates the amount of hot water taken out from the top of the hot water storage tank 101 and estimates the amount of tap water injected into the hot water storage tank 101 .
- the quantity and temperature of the hot water supplied to the outside can be measured.
- the amount of hot water taken out from the hot water storage tank 101 can be calculated by calculating the amount of heat of the hot water to be supplied to the outside based on the measurement results of the amount and temperature of the hot water.
- the amount of tap water supplied to the hot water storage tank 101 is estimated from the amount of hot water taken out from the hot water storage tank 101 .
- the amount of hot water taken out from the hot water storage tank 101 may be directly measured by a flow sensor or the like.
- the control unit 303 may calculate the amount of tap water supplied to the hot water storage tank 101 based on the individual measurement information of the flow sensors 125, 126, and 127, or combine the respective measurement results to obtain more accurate data.
- the amount of tap water supplied to the hot water storage tank 101 may be calculated.
- the operation time of the circulation operation is controlled according to the amount of tap water supplied to hot water storage tank 101 .
- the control unit 303 lengthens the operation time of the circulation pump 102 in the reflux operation, and the amount of tap water supplied to the hot water storage tank 101 decreases.
- the reflux operation is controlled so as to shorten the operation time of the circulation pump 102 in the reflux operation as much as possible. Therefore, there is no need to keep circulating, and the time for the reflux operation can be shortened compared to the first embodiment.
- the control unit 303 can operate the heat pump unit 200 according to the amount of tap water injected into the hot water storage tank 101 to efficiently perform the recirculation operation.
- the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus According to the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 3, the same effects as those of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 can be obtained. Furthermore, since the circulation operation is controlled according to the amount of tap water supplied to the hot water storage tank, the efficiency of the circulation operation can be improved.
- Embodiment 4 In the fourth embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for the same components as in the first embodiment of the present disclosure, and the description of the same or corresponding parts is omitted.
- a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 4 according to Embodiment 4 will be described below with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 4 according to Embodiment 4 of the present disclosure.
- hot water storage unit 40 (range indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 8) of hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 4 according to Embodiment 4
- the hot water stored in hot water storage tank 101 A thermistor is installed as a hot water temperature detector for detecting the temperature of hot water.
- thermistors 133 , 134 , and 135 detect the temperature of hot water in different temperature ranges stored in layers in the hot water storage tank 101 .
- thermistors 133 , 134 , and 135 shown in FIG. 8 are installed inside hot water storage tank 101 , they may be installed on the outer wall surface of hot water storage tank 101 .
- Storage-type hot water supply apparatus 4 according to Embodiment 4 has control unit 304 .
- the control unit 304 controls the boiling operation, the recirculation operation, and the switching operation of the four-way valve 103, which is a switching unit.
- the boiling operation of storage-type hot-water supply device 4 is the same as that of storage-type hot-water supply device 1 according to Embodiment 1, and therefore will be omitted.
- hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 4 according to Embodiment 4 as in Embodiment 1, hot water taken out from the upper portion of hot water storage tank 101 is sent to the lower portion of hot water storage tank 101 after the boiling operation. Execute reflux operation.
- points different from those of Embodiment 1 will be described below.
- thermistors 133 , 134 , and 135 serving as hot water temperature detectors detect the temperature of the hot water stored in hot water storage tank 101 and send it to controller 304 .
- the control unit 304 controls the circulation operation according to the temperature of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 101 .
- the control unit 304 controls so that the circulation operation continues so that the temperature of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 101 is outside the predetermined temperature range.
- a temperature range in which microorganisms tend to proliferate is defined in advance, and the reflux operation is performed so that the temperature of the stored hot water is outside the predetermined temperature range.
- the circulation pump 102 is kept operating so that the temperatures detected by the thermistors 133, 134, 135 are outside the range of 20 to 40.degree. If the temperature detected by the thermistors 133 and 134 decreases and the temperature detected by the thermistor 135 at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 101 does not rise above 40° C. even if the reflux operation is performed, the control unit 304 operates the heat pump unit 200, Reflux operation can be executed efficiently.
- a hot water temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of hot water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101
- a thermistor may be installed only in the lower part. In this case, the circulation operation is controlled so that the temperature of the hot water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 101 is out of the range of 20 to 40.degree.
- the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus According to the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 4, the same effects as those of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 can be obtained. Furthermore, since the circulation operation is controlled according to the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank, the efficiency of the circulation operation can be improved.
- Embodiment 5 the same reference numerals are used for the same components as in Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure, and the description of the same or corresponding parts is omitted.
- a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 5 according to Embodiment 5 will be described below with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 5 according to Embodiment 5 of the present disclosure.
- a thermistor 136 is installed as a tap water temperature detector for detecting the tap water temperature.
- a thermistor 136 is installed in fifth flow path 115 to which tap water is supplied in order to detect the temperature of tap water supplied to hot water storage tank 101 .
- 9 shows an example in which thermistor 136 is installed between branch portion 115a of fifth flow path 115 and water supply port 101c of hot water storage tank 101.
- the tap water temperature detector and the installation position are not limited to this.
- Storage-type hot water supply apparatus 5 has control unit 305 .
- the control unit 305 controls the boiling operation, the recirculation operation, and the switching operation of the four-way valve 103, which is a switching unit.
- the boiling operation of storage-type hot-water supply device 5 is the same as that of storage-type hot-water supply device 1 according to Embodiment 1, and therefore will be omitted.
- hot water taken out from the upper part of hot water storage tank 101 is sent to the lower part of hot water storage tank 101 after the boiling operation. Execute reflux operation. Differences from the first embodiment in the reflux operation of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 5 according to the fifth embodiment will be described below.
- the temperature of tap water supplied to hot water storage tank 101 is detected by thermistor 136 which is a tap water temperature detection unit, and sent to control unit 305 .
- the control unit 305 controls the circulation operation according to the temperature of the tap water supplied to the hot water storage tank 101 . Specifically, the control unit 305 shortens the operation time of the circulation pump 102 in the recirculation operation as the temperature of the tap water detected by the thermistor 136 increases, and the environmental temperature decreases depending on the season. , the lower the tap water temperature detected by the thermistor 136, the longer the operating time of the circulation pump 102 in the reflux operation.
- control unit 305 can operate the heat pump unit 200 in response to changes in the environmental temperature, such as in winter, when the temperature of the tap water is lower than a predetermined temperature, and can efficiently perform the recirculation operation.
- the thermistor installed inside the hot water storage tank 101 of the fourth embodiment may be used together with the hot water storage type hot water supply device 5 .
- the circulation pump 102 and the heat pump unit 200 by controlling the operations of the circulation pump 102 and the heat pump unit 200 according to the detected temperature of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 101 and the tap water supplied to the hot water storage tank 101, the circulation operation can be efficiently performed. .
- the same effects as those of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 can be obtained. Furthermore, since the recirculation operation is controlled according to the detected temperature of the supplied tap water, the recirculation operation can be carried out efficiently.
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Abstract
Description
<貯湯式給湯装置の構成>
図1は、本開示の実施の形態1に係る貯湯式給湯装置1の構成を示す構成図である。貯湯式給湯装置1は、大きく分けて、貯湯ユニット10と、ヒートポンプユニット200と、制御部300とを有する。貯湯ユニット10は、図1に点線で示す範囲で表わされている。また、貯湯式給湯装置1には、浴槽400、外部に温水を供給する給湯端124、および外部から水道水が供給される給水端120が接続されている。
ヒートポンプユニット200は、例えば、不図示の圧縮機、水冷媒熱交換器、膨張弁、および空気熱交換器を含んで構成される。これらは、環状に接続され、冷媒を循環させるための冷凍サイクル回路が形成されている。
なお、ここでは、加熱装置がヒートポンプユニット200である場合を例にとり説明するが、加熱装置は、ガス、油などの燃料を燃焼させることで加熱する燃焼式ヒータであってもよい。
貯湯タンク101の上部と下部とを接続する流路11は、貯湯タンク101の外部において、第1流路111、第2流路112、第3流路113、及び第4流路114を含む。これら第1流路111~第4流路114は、湯水を送液する配管などからそれぞれ構成される。また、流路11には、循環ポンプ102、四方弁103、およびヒートポンプユニット200が設けられている。
還流運転は、循環ポンプ102を動作させることにより、貯湯タンク101の上部の第一入出口101aから流出する湯水を、流路11に経由させ、貯湯タンク101の下部の第二入出口101bに送液することで行う。制御部300は、これら沸き上げ運転と還流運転を選択的に切り替え、各運転における、後述する切替部、循環ポンプ102およびヒートポンプユニット200の動作を制御する。沸き上げ運転および還流運転の詳細については、後述する。
また、給水端120には、混合弁121と混合弁122とが接続されている。混合弁121は、入口1a、1b、および出口1cを有する。混合弁122は、入口2a、2b、および出口2cを有する。
混合弁121の出口1cは、第6流路116を経由して給湯端124に接続されている。第6流路116の途上には給湯端124に供給される温水の温度を検出する温水温度検出部として、サーミスタ131が設置されている。
混合弁122の出口2cは、第7流路117を経由して浴槽400に接続されている。第7流路117の途上には浴槽400に供給される温水の温度を検出する温水温度検出部として、サーミスタ132が設置されている。サーミスタ131、サーミスタ132の計測結果は制御部300に送られる。第6流路116および第7流路117は、温水を送液する配管などから構成される。
実施の形態1に係る貯湯式給湯装置1の沸き上げ運転について図2を用いて説明する。
沸き上げ運転の一例として、貯湯タンク101の下部から取り出した湯水を流路11上のヒートポンプユニット200により加熱してから、貯湯タンク101の上部に送液する場合について説明する。図2において、沸き上げ運転の際における、流路11および四方弁103における湯水の流れ方向は実線の矢印で示されている。
また、制御部300は、四方弁103をこのように制御した状態で、循環ポンプ102を動作させる。これにより、湯水は流路11において、貯湯タンク101の下部の第二入出口101bから第1流路111、四方弁103の第1の入出水口3a、第2の入出水口3b、第2流路112、循環ポンプ102、ヒートポンプユニット200、第3流路113、四方弁103の第3の入出水口3c、第4の入出水口3d、第4流路114、貯湯タンク101の上部の第一入出口101aへと順に導かれる。
また、制御部300は、ヒートポンプユニット200がヒートポンプユニット200の入口側に流入した湯水を加熱し、加熱した湯水をヒートポンプユニット200の出口側に流出する動作を行うように、ヒートポンプユニット200を制御する。
この沸き上げ運転により、貯湯タンク101内には、図2に示す貯湯タンク101の上下方向において、下部の低温の湯水上に、上部からの高温の湯水が徐々に積層された状態で貯留されていく。
実施の形態1に係る貯湯式給湯装置1の還流運転について図3を用いて説明する。
上述した沸き上げ運転の後に、浴槽400または給湯端124から湯水を使用するとき、貯湯タンク101の上部の第一入出口101aから流出した湯水は第4流路114を通り、給水端120からの水道水と混合弁121または混合弁122にて混合されることで温度調整され、温水として給湯端124または浴槽400に供給される。このように温水を外部に供給することで、給水端120から第5流路115を介して、給水口101cから貯湯タンク101に水道水が供給される。図3において、給水端120から貯湯タンク101への水道水の流れ方向は一点鎖線の矢印で示されている。
図3において、還流運転を実行する際の、流路11および四方弁103における湯水の流れ方向は点線の矢印で示されている。
また、制御部300は、四方弁103をこのように制御した状態で、循環ポンプ102を動作させる。これにより、湯水は流路11において、貯湯タンク101の上部の第一入出口101aから第4流路114、四方弁103の第4の入出水口3d、第2の入出水口3b、第2流路112、循環ポンプ102、ヒートポンプユニット200、第3流路113、四方弁103の第3の入出水口3c、第1の入出水口3a、第1流路111、貯湯タンク101の下部の第二入出口101bへと順に導かれる。
このようにして、貯湯タンク101の上部から取り出した湯水を貯湯タンク101の下部へと送液する。
また、貯湯式給湯装置1では、貯湯タンク101の上部から取り出した湯水を貯湯タンク101の下部へと送液する還流運転により、貯湯タンク101内の湯水の温度の均一性が高められ、貯湯タンクの下部の湯水の温度低下を抑制できる。
また、この還流運転により、貯湯タンク内の湯水の温度の均一性が高められ、貯湯タンクの下部の湯水の温度低下を抑制できる。
実施の形態2では、本開示の実施の形態1と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を使用し、同一または対応する部分についての説明は省略する。以下、図面を参照して、実施の形態2に係る貯湯式給湯装置2について説明する。
貯湯タンク101の上部と下部とを接続する流路12は、貯湯タンク101の外部において、第1流路111、第2流路112、第3流路113、第4流路114を含む。また、流路12に、循環ポンプ102、三方弁104、三方弁105、およびヒートポンプユニット200が設けられている。
三方弁105の第2の入出水口4bは第2流路112と接続されている。これにより、第2の入出水口4bは、循環ポンプ102を経由して、ヒートポンプユニット200の湯水の入口側に接続されている。三方弁105の第2の入出水口5eは、第3流路113と接続されている。これにより、第2の入出水口5eは、第3流路113を経由して、ヒートポンプユニット200の湯水の出口側に接続されている。
三方弁104の第3の入出水口4cと三方弁105の第3の入出水口5fとの双方は第4流路114と接続されている。これにより、第3の入出水口4cと第3の入出水口5fは、第4流路114および第4流路114の途中に設けられた分岐部114aを経由して、貯湯タンク101の上部の第一入出口101aに接続されている。
実施の形態2に係る貯湯式給湯装置2の沸き上げ運転について図5を用いて説明する。
沸き上げ運転の一例として、貯湯タンク101の下部から取り出した湯水を流路12に経由させ、ヒートポンプユニット200により加熱してから、貯湯タンク101の上部に送液する場合について説明する。図5において、沸き上げ運転を実行する際に、流路12、三方弁104および三方弁105における湯水の流れ方向は実線の矢印で示されている。
また、制御部302は、三方弁104と三方弁105をこのように制御した状態で、循環ポンプ102を動作させる。これにより、湯水は流路12において、貯湯タンク101の下部の第二入出口101bから第1流路111、三方弁104の第1の入出水口4a、第2の入出水口4b、第2流路112、循環ポンプ102、ヒートポンプユニット200、第3流路113、三方弁105の第2の入出水口5e、第3の入出水口5f、第4流路114、貯湯タンク101の上部の第一入出口101aへと順に導かれる。
このようにして、貯湯タンク101の下部から取り出した湯水を加熱装置であるヒートポンプユニット200にて加熱し、加熱した湯水を貯湯タンク101の上部へと送液する沸き上げ運転が実行される。
この沸き上げ運転により、貯湯タンク101内には、貯湯タンク101の上下方向において、下部の低温の湯水上に、高温の湯水が上部から徐々に積層された状態で貯留されていく。
実施の形態2に係る貯湯式給湯装置2の還流運転について図6を用いて説明する。
実施の形態1と同様に、実施の形態2に係る貯湯式給湯装置2においても、上述した沸き上げ運転の後に、浴槽400または給湯端124から湯水を使用するとき、貯湯タンク101の上部の第一入出口101aから取り出した湯水は第4流路114を介し、給水端120からの水道水と混合弁121または混合弁122にて混合して温水となり、給湯端124または浴槽400に供給される。この場合、混合された温水を外部に供給することで給水端120から第5流路115を介して、給水口101cから貯湯タンク101に水道水が供給される。図6において、給水端120から貯湯タンク101への水道水の流れ方向は一点鎖線の矢印で示されている。
貯湯式給湯装置2の還流運転においても、湯水を流路12に経由させる。図6において、還流運転を実行する際に、流路12上の第1流路111~第4流路114、三方弁104、および三方弁105における湯水の流れる方向は点線の矢印で示されている。
また、制御部302は、三方弁104および三方弁105をこのように制御した状態で、循環ポンプ102を動作させる。これにより、湯水は流路12において、貯湯タンク101の上部の第一入出口101aから第4流路114、三方弁104の第3の入出水口4c、第2の入出水口4b、第2流路112、循環ポンプ102、ヒートポンプユニット200、第3流路113、三方弁105の第2の入出水口5e、第1の入出水口5d、第1流路111、貯湯タンク101の下部の第二入出口101bへと順に導かれる。
このようにして、貯湯タンク101の上部から取り出した湯水を貯湯タンク101の下部へと送液する。
実施の形態3では、本開示の実施の形態1と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を使用し、同一または対応する部分についての説明は省略する。以下、図面を参照して、実施の形態3に係る貯湯式給湯装置3について説明する。
また、給水端120に接続されている第5流路115の分岐部115aと貯湯タンク101の第二入出口101bとの間に流量センサ127が設置されている。貯湯タンク101に供給される水道水は第5流路115、分岐部115aを経由する。流量センサ127は、貯湯タンク101に注入された水道水の量を計測できれば、設置場所についてこの限りではない。
なお、流量センサ125、126、127は全て設置されても良いし、必要に応じていずれかの一つのみ設置されても良い。
貯湯式給湯装置3の沸き上げ運転は、実施の形態1に係る貯湯式給湯装置1と同様であるため省略する。
実施の形態3に係る貯湯式給湯装置3においても、実施の形態1と同様に、沸き上げ運転の後に、貯湯タンク101の上部から取り出した湯水を貯湯タンク101の下部へと送液する還流運転を実行する。以下実施の形態3に係る貯湯式給湯装置3の還流運転において、実施の形態1と異なる点について説明する。
実施の形態3に係る貯湯式給湯装置3において、制御部303は貯湯タンク101に供給される水道水の量に応じて、還流運転の動作を制御する。
すなわち、水量検出部として流量センサ125、126、および温水温度検出部としてサーミスタ131、132を用いることで、外部に供給する温水の量、および温度を計測できる。温水の量と温度の計測結果に基づいて外部に供給する温水の熱量を算出し、貯湯タンク101から取り出した湯水の量を演算できる。貯湯タンク101に供給される水道水の量は、貯湯タンク101から取り出した湯水の量より推算される。
なお、貯湯タンク101から取り出した湯水の量は、流量センサなどにより直接計測されても良い。
なお、制御部303は、流量センサ125、126、127の個別での計測情報により貯湯タンク101に供給される水道水の量を算出しても良いし、それぞれの計測結果を合わせてより精確に貯湯タンク101に供給される水道水の量を算出しても良い。
このため、循環し続ける必要がなく、実施の形態1に比べて、還流運転の時間を短くすることが可能である。また、制御部303は、貯湯タンク101に注入された水道水の量に応じて、ヒートポンプユニット200を動作させ、効率よく還流運転を実行できる。
さらに、貯湯タンクに供給される水道水の量に応じて、還流運転の動作を制御するため、還流運転の効率を高めることができる。
実施の形態4では、本開示の実施の形態1と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を使用し、同一または対応する部分についての説明は省略する。以下、図面を参照して、実施の形態4に係る貯湯式給湯装置4について説明する。
なお、図8に示すサーミスタ133、134,135は貯湯タンク101の内部に設置されているが、貯湯タンク101の外側の壁面に設置されてもよい。
貯湯式給湯装置4の沸き上げ運転は、実施の形態1に係る貯湯式給湯装置1と同様であるため省略する。
実施の形態4に係る貯湯式給湯装置4においても、実施の形態1と同様に、沸き上げ運転の後に、貯湯タンク101の上部から取り出した湯水を貯湯タンク101の下部へと送り、送液する還流運転を実行する。以下実施の形態4に係る貯湯式給湯装置4の還流運転において、実施の形態1と異なる点について説明する。
実施の形態4に係る貯湯式給湯装置4において、湯水温度検出部であるサーミスタ133、134,135により貯湯タンク101内に貯留された湯水の温度を検出し、制御部304に送る。制御部304は貯湯タンク101内に貯留された湯水の温度に応じて、還流運転の動作を制御する。
制御部304は、貯湯タンク101内に貯留された湯水の温度が所定の温度範囲外となるように還流運転の動作が続けるように制御する。事前に微生物が増殖しやすい温度範囲を定義し、貯留された湯水の温度が所定の温度範囲外となるように還流運転を実行する。例えば、サーミスタ133、134、135で検出された温度が20~40℃の範囲外となるように、循環ポンプ102を動作させ続ける。
また、サーミスタ133、134の検出温度が低下して、還流運転を行っても貯湯タンク101下部のサーミスタ135の検出温度が40℃より高くならない場合、制御部304は、ヒートポンプユニット200を動作させ、効率よく還流運転を実行できる。
さらに、貯湯タンク内の湯水の温度に応じて、還流運転の動作を制御するため、還流運転の効率を高めることができる。
実施の形態5では、本開示の実施の形態1と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を使用し、同一または対応する部分についての説明は省略する。以下、図面を参照して、実施の形態5に係る貯湯式給湯装置5について説明する。
なお、貯湯タンク101に供給される水道水の温度を検出できれば、水道水温度検出部および設置位置はこの限りではない。
貯湯式給湯装置5の沸き上げ運転は、実施の形態1に係る貯湯式給湯装置1と同様であるため省略する。
実施の形態5に係る貯湯式給湯装置5においても、実施の形態1と同様に、沸き上げ運転の後に、貯湯タンク101の上部から取り出した湯水を貯湯タンク101の下部へと送り、送液する還流運転を実行する。以下実施の形態5に係る貯湯式給湯装置5の還流運転における実施の形態1と異なる点について説明する。
実施の形態5に係る貯湯式給湯装置5において、水道水温度検出部であるサーミスタ136により貯湯タンク101に供給される水道水の温度を検出し、制御部305に送る。制御部305は貯湯タンク101に供給される水道水の温度に応じて、還流運転の動作を制御する。
具体的に、制御部305は、季節などにより環境温度が高く、サーミスタ136で検出された水道水の温度が高いほど還流運転における循環ポンプ102の動作時間を短くし、季節などにより環境温度が低く、サーミスタ136で検出された水道水の温度が低いほど還流運転における循環ポンプ102の動作時間を長くするように制御する。このように、水道水の検出温度に応じて、還流運転の動作時間を制御し、還流運転の効率を高めることができる。
また、制御部305は、環境温度の変化に応じて、冬季など水道水の温度が所定の温度より低い場合にヒートポンプユニット200を動作させ、効率よく還流運転を実行できる。
さらに、供給される水道水の検出温度に応じて、還流運転の動作を制御するため、効率よく還流運転を実施できる。
Claims (15)
- 加熱装置と、
湯水を貯留する貯湯タンクと、
前記貯湯タンクの下部に接続された第1流路と、
前記貯湯タンクの下部から流出する湯水を前記第1流路を介して前記加熱装置に送液し、前記加熱装置により加熱された湯水を前記貯湯タンクの上部に送液する沸き上げ運転、および前記貯湯タンクの上部から流出する湯水を前記第1流路を介して前記貯湯タンクの下部に送液する還流運転を選択的に切り替える制御部と
を備える貯湯式給湯装置。 - 前記還流運転は、前記貯湯タンクの上部から流出する湯水を前記加熱装置により加熱してから前記第1流路を介して前記貯湯タンクの下部に送液する請求項1に記載の貯湯式給湯装置。
- 切替部と、
前記切替部と前記加熱装置の入口側とを互いに接続する第2流路と、
前記加熱装置の出口側と前記切替部とを互いに接続する第3流路と、
前記切替部と前記貯湯タンクの上部とを互いに接続する第4流路と、
前記第2流路上または前記第3流路上に設けられ、前記加熱装置の入口側から前記加熱装置の出口側へ向かう湯水の流れを形成する循環装置と
を備え、
前記第1流路は前記貯湯タンクの下部と前記切替部とを互いに接続し、
前記切替部は、前記第1流路と前記第2流路が連通し、かつ、前記第3流路と前記第4流路が連通する沸き上げ運転状態と、前記第4流路と前記第2流路が連通し、かつ、前記第3流路と前記第1流路が連通する還流運転状態とを選択的に切り替え、
前記制御部は、前記沸き上げ運転において前記切替部を前記還流運転状態に制御し、前記還流運転において前記切替部を前記還流運転状態に制御する
請求項1または2に記載の貯湯式給湯装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記沸き上げ運転および前記還流運転の双方において、前記加熱装置の入口側から前記加熱装置の出口側へ向かう湯水の流れが形成されるように、前記循環装置を動作させる請求項3に記載の貯湯式給湯装置。
- 前記切替部は、第1~第4の入出水口を有する四方弁であり、
前記四方弁の第1の入出水口と前記第1流路とが互いに接続され、
前記四方弁の第2の入出水口と前記第2流路とが互いに接続され、
前記四方弁の第3の入出水口と前記第3流路とが互いに接続され、
前記四方弁の第4の入出水口と前記第4流路とが互いに接続される
請求項3または4に記載の貯湯式給湯装置。 - 前記切替部は、第1~第3の入出水口を有する2つの三方弁を有し、
前記2つの三方弁の双方の第1の入出水口と前記第1流路とが互いに接続され、
前記2つの三方弁のうちの一方の三方弁の第2の入出水口と前記第2流路とが互いに接続され、
前記2つの三方弁のうちの他方の三方弁の第2の入出水口と前記第3流路とが互いに接続され、
前記2つの三方弁の双方の第3の入出水口と前記第4流路とが互いに接続されている請求項3また4に記載の貯湯式給湯装置。 - 前記貯湯タンクは、前記貯湯タンクに水道水を供給するための給水口を有し、
前記制御部は、前記貯湯タンクに前記給水口から供給される水道水の量に基づき、前記還流運転の動作時間を変化させる請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の貯湯式給湯装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記貯湯タンクに供給される前記水道水の量が多いほど、前記還流運転の動作時間を長くし、前記貯湯タンクに供給される前記水道水の量が少ないほど、前記還流運転の動作時間を短くする請求項7に記載の貯湯式給湯装置。
- 前記水道水の量は、前記貯湯タンクから取り出した湯水の量により推算される請求項7または8に記載の貯湯式給湯装置。
- 前記貯湯タンクから取り出した湯水の量は、外部に供給する温水の熱量に基づいて演算される請求項9に記載の貯湯式給湯装置。
- 前記温水の量を計測する水量検出部、および、前記温水の温度を計測する温水温度検出部を備え、
前記温水の熱量は、前記温水の量および前記温水の温度により計算される請求項10に記載の貯湯式給湯装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記貯湯タンク内に貯留された湯水の温度を検出する湯水温度検出部を備え、前記湯水温度検出部により検出された前記貯湯タンク内に貯留された湯水の温度に応じて、前記貯湯タンク内に貯留された湯水の温度が所定の温度範囲外となるように前記還流運転の動作が続けるように制御する請求項1から11のいずれか1項に記載の貯湯式給湯装置。
- 前記湯水温度検出部として、前記貯湯タンクの上下方向に並べて設置された複数のサーミスタにより前記貯湯タンク内に貯留された湯水の温度を検出する請求項12に記載の貯湯式給湯装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記貯湯タンクに供給される水道水の温度を検出する水道水温度検出部を備え、前記水道水の温度に応じて、前記水道水の温度が高いほど前記還流運転の動作時間を短くし、前記水道水の温度が低いほど前記還流運転の動作時間を長くするように制御する請求項1から13のいずれか1項に記載の貯湯式給湯装置。
- 前記水道水温度検出部として、前記水道水を供給する給水端と前記貯湯タンクとの間に設けられたサーミスタにより水道水の温度を検出する請求項14に記載の貯湯式給湯装置。
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US20240044515A1 (en) | 2024-02-08 |
JPWO2022157940A1 (ja) | 2022-07-28 |
EP4265978A1 (en) | 2023-10-25 |
JP6940035B1 (ja) | 2021-09-22 |
EP4265978A4 (en) | 2024-01-31 |
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