WO2022138579A1 - セラミックボール用素材およびそれを用いたセラミックボールの製造方法並びにセラミックボール - Google Patents
セラミックボール用素材およびそれを用いたセラミックボールの製造方法並びにセラミックボール Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022138579A1 WO2022138579A1 PCT/JP2021/047068 JP2021047068W WO2022138579A1 WO 2022138579 A1 WO2022138579 A1 WO 2022138579A1 JP 2021047068 W JP2021047068 W JP 2021047068W WO 2022138579 A1 WO2022138579 A1 WO 2022138579A1
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 27
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Definitions
- the embodiments described later relate to a material for a ceramic ball, a method for manufacturing the ceramic ball, and a ceramic ball.
- Ceramic materials have properties such as high hardness, insulation, and wear resistance, and in particular, fine ceramics with high purity and uniform particle size are used in various fields such as capacitors, actuator materials, and refractory materials. Express the properties. Among them, bearing ball applications are used as products that utilize wear resistance and insulation, and materials such as aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, and zirconium oxide are used. For example, a silicon nitride material was used in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-48813 (Patent Document 1) and Japanese Patent No. 2764589 (Patent Document 2), and a zirconium oxide material was used in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-18620 (Patent Document 3). Bearing balls are disclosed.
- a method of sintering a molded body is used. Further, as a molding method, press molding using a mold is used. Press molding is a method in which powder is inserted between the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2 and pressure is applied, as generally shown in FIG. At the time of press molding, in order to protect the mold, a gap must be provided between the tip portion 3 of the upper mold 1 and the tip portion 4 of the lower mold 2, and press molding must be performed. Therefore, a spherical surface portion and a strip-shaped portion are formed on the molded body. For example, Japanese Patent No.
- Patent Document 4761613 discloses a material for a bearing ball having a spherical surface portion and a strip-shaped portion.
- FIG. 2 shows a conventional material for ceramic balls.
- 5A is a material for a ceramic ball
- 6A is a spherical surface portion
- 7A is a strip-shaped portion
- WA is the width of the strip-shaped portion 7A
- HA is the height of the strip-shaped portion 7A.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-48813 Japanese Patent No. 2764589 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 60-18620 Japanese Patent No. 4761613
- a ceramic ball is obtained by polishing a ceramic ball material 5A having a spherical portion 6A and a strip-shaped portion 7A shown in FIG. It may also be referred to as a bare ball of a ceramic ball material 5A having a spherical surface portion 6A and a strip-shaped portion 7A.
- mirror surface processing having a surface roughness Ra of 0.1 [ ⁇ m] or less is performed on the ceramic ball material 5A.
- Surface plate processing is used for mirror surface processing.
- ceramic materials have excellent wear resistance, but because they are brittle materials, they are prone to chipping when a strong impact is applied.
- the curved surface tends to release the impact, but the corners tend to be chipped due to the impact. Therefore, when batholith processing is performed on the ceramic ball material 5A having the strip-shaped portion 7A, both shoulder portions, which are the corners of the strip-shaped portion 7A, selectively come into contact with the surface plate, causing chipping.
- the present invention solves such a problem, and provides a material for ceramic balls that suppresses damage to the ceramic material during surface plate processing.
- the ceramic ball material according to the embodiment includes a spherical surface portion and a strip-shaped portion formed over the circumference of the surface of the spherical surface portion.
- the width of the band-shaped portion is within the range of 0.5 [mm] or more and 4.0 [mm] or less. Both shoulders of the band-shaped portion are provided with R portions having a radius of curvature of 0.02 [mm] or more.
- the cross-sectional view which shows an example of the general die press molding apparatus.
- the external view which shows an example of the material for a conventional ceramic ball.
- the external view which shows an example of the material for ceramics balls which concerns on embodiment.
- the external view which shows an example of the band-shaped part.
- the external view which shows the other example of the band-shaped part.
- the external view which shows still another example of the band-shaped part.
- the figure which shows an example of the mold press molding which molds the material for ceramic balls which concerns on embodiment.
- the ceramic ball material according to the embodiment includes a spherical surface portion and a strip-shaped portion formed over the circumference of the surface of the spherical surface portion.
- the width of the band-shaped portion is within the range of 0.5 [mm] or more and 4.0 [mm] or less. It is characterized in that both shoulder portions of the band-shaped portion are provided with R portions having a radius of curvature of 0.02 [mm] or more.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the material for ceramic balls according to the embodiment.
- 5 is a ceramic ball material according to an embodiment
- 6 is a spherical surface portion
- 7 is a strip-shaped portion
- 8 is an R portion
- 9 is a side peripheral portion
- 10 is an outer peripheral portion.
- the diameter of the outer peripheral portion 10 of the strip-shaped portion 7 is set to r1.
- the diameter of the outer peripheral portion 10 is set to r2.
- the diameter r2 of the spherical surface portion 6 is a direction orthogonal to the plane formed by the circumference of the strip-shaped portion 7, and is the length of a line segment passing through the center of the spherical surface portion 6.
- W is the width of the band-shaped portion 7
- H is the height of the band-shaped portion 7.
- the width W of the band-shaped portion 7 may be simply referred to as "width W”.
- the height H of the band-shaped portion 7 may be simply referred to as “height H”.
- the height H and the width W of the strip-shaped portion 7 with respect to the spherical surface portion 6 are shown for convenience of explanation.
- the ceramic ball material 5 has a spherical surface portion 6 and a strip-shaped portion 7.
- the band-shaped portion 7 is formed over the circumference of the surface of the spherical portion 6.
- the circumference of the surface of the spherical portion 6 may be any one of a plurality of circumferences of the surface of the spherical portion 6.
- the surface of the spherical surface portion 6 may be a quadric surface. Therefore, examples of the spherical surface portion 6 include a true sphere and an ellipsoid.
- a band-shaped portion 7 is provided on the circumference of the spherical surface portion 6.
- the width W of the band-shaped portion 7 is, for example, the largest width of the band-shaped portion 7, but may be an average value of a plurality of locations.
- the height H of the strip-shaped portion 7 is, for example, the maximum height of the strip-shaped portion 7, but may be an average value of a plurality of locations.
- the width W of the band-shaped portion 7 is within the range of 0.5 [mm] or more and 4.0 [mm] or less. When the width W is within this range, damage to the mold can be suppressed. In addition, the sphericity of the ceramic ball material 5 can be increased. When the sphericity of the ceramic ball material 5 is increased, the processing time during polishing can be shortened.
- the width W is less than 0.5 [mm]
- the compressive force related to the tip portion 3 of the upper mold 1 and the tip portion 4 of the lower mold 2 shown in FIG. 1 becomes very large. This may cause damage to the mold.
- density non-uniformity may occur around the strip-shaped portion of the obtained sintered body. If the density is not uniform, defects are likely to occur in the sintered body, which may adversely affect the wear resistance.
- the width W exceeds 4.0 [mm]
- the sphericity of the ceramic ball material 5 decreases.
- the proportion of the spherical surface portion 6 decreases.
- the width W is preferably 0.5 [mm] or more and 4 [mm] or less, and more preferably 0.8 [mm] or more and 3.5 [mm] or less.
- the band-shaped portion 7 includes both shoulder portions extending around the circumference of the strip-shaped portion 7, a side peripheral portion 9 extending in the circumferential direction of the strip-shaped portion 7, and an outer peripheral portion 10 extending around the circumference of the strip-shaped portion 7.
- both shoulder portions of the strip-shaped portion 7 are provided with R portions 8 having a radius of curvature of 0.02 [mm] or more.
- the R portion 8 exists on both shoulder portions of the band-shaped portion 7.
- the R portion is a rounded shape. Further, by providing the R portions 8 having a radius of curvature of 0.02 [mm] or more on both shoulder portions of the strip-shaped portion 7, it is possible to make surface contact with the grindstone to be polished.
- the contact with the grindstone becomes like a point contact.
- the angular shape is a shape in which both shoulder portions are 90 ° or less in the cross section of the strip-shaped portion 7.
- the radius of curvature of the R portion 8 is preferably 0.02 [mm] or more, more preferably 0.2 [mm] or more.
- Shape measurement shall use an optical 3D shape measuring device.
- As the three-dimensional shape measuring device VR-5000 manufactured by KEYENCE is used, and the analysis software of the device is used.
- the measuring device may have a function equivalent to this.
- the measurement area is a range in which the height H of the strip 7 is 1/4 or more and the width W is all included.
- the screen shall be set at a magnification that allows the measurement area to be included.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of the R portion 8 of the strip-shaped portion 7.
- 6 is a spherical surface portion
- 7 is a strip-shaped portion
- 8 is an R portion.
- FIG. 4 is a side view including a portion of the strip-shaped portion 7 protruding from the spherical surface portion 6.
- the radius of curvature of the R unit 8 shall be measured using the radius of curvature measurement function of the three-dimensional shape measuring device. Calculation is performed using a virtual circle C1 obtained by selecting three points p1, p2, and p3 of one R portion 8. At this time, the point p1 is the boundary point between the side peripheral portion 9 and the R portion 8 of the strip-shaped portion 7, the point p3 is the boundary point between the R portion 8 and the outer peripheral portion 10 of the strip-shaped portion 7, and the point p2 is a point. It is a point between p1 and point p3. Let the calculation result be the radius of curvature of the R portion 8.
- the R portion 8 on the opposite side is also calculated using the virtual circle C2 obtained by selecting the three points p4, p5, and p6.
- the point p6 is the boundary point between the side peripheral portion 9 and the R portion 8 of the strip-shaped portion 7
- the point p4 is the boundary point between the R portion 8 and the outer peripheral portion 10 of the strip-shaped portion 7
- the point p5 is a point. It is a point between p6 and point p4.
- the average value of the calculation results of both shoulder portions is set as the radius of curvature of the R portion 8.
- the virtual circles C1 and C2 may be ellipses as long as they pass through the respective points. In this regard, priority is given to the automatic calculation of analysis software.
- the points p1 to p6 are selected again to measure the radius of curvature.
- Measuring again means reselecting points p1 to p6, especially points p2 and p5 in between, within the same field of view. At this time, it is assumed that the previous measurement point may be selected for a part of the points p1 to p6. The method of selecting points p1 to p6 shall be based on the previous paragraph.
- the concave shape of the outer peripheral portion 10 means that the outer peripheral portion 10 is continuously recessed along the circumference from both shoulder portions in the band-shaped portion 7 along the circumference.
- a three-dimensional shape measuring device is also used to measure the radius of curvature of the concave shape of the outer peripheral portion 10. The concept of the method for measuring the radius of curvature is shown below, but the measurement of the radius of curvature of the concave shape itself shall be automatically calculated using the analysis software provided in the three-dimensional shape measuring device.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the concave shape of the band-shaped portion 7.
- FIG. 5 is a side view including a portion of the strip-shaped portion 7 protruding from the spherical surface portion 6.
- the curvature is measured by selecting three points p7, p8, and p9 of the outer peripheral portion 10 of the strip-shaped portion 7.
- the curvature is accurately measured.
- the curvature is measured by selecting three points p7, p8, and p9 again.
- FIG. 6 is a side view including a portion of the strip-shaped portion 7 protruding from the spherical surface portion 6.
- a virtual circle C4 is drawn at a position corresponding to the spherical surface portion 6 behind the strip-shaped portion 7.
- the extended virtual lines L1 and L2 are drawn along the side peripheral portion 9 of the strip-shaped portion 7, and the intersections of the extended virtual lines L1 and L2 and the spherical portion 6 are set as points p10 and p11, respectively.
- the points having the maximum height are extracted from each of the shoulders of the strip portion 7, and are designated as points p12 and p13.
- the shortest distances H1 and H2 from the points p12 and p13 are measured with respect to the line segment L3 connecting the points p10 and p11, and the average value thereof is taken as the height H of the band 7 (shown in FIG. 3). Further, it is assumed that the shortest distance between the points p10 and p11 is measured and the width W of the band-shaped portion 7 (shown in FIG. 3) is used.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the diameters r1 and r2.
- the diameter r1 is a length extending from the center of the outer peripheral portion 10 of the band-shaped portion 7 (the center between the side peripheral portions 9 at both ends) toward the center of the outer peripheral portion 10 on the opposite side, that is, the diameter of the outer peripheral portion 10.
- the diameter r1 is the diameter up to the concave shape and the concave shape on the opposite side to the concave shape when the outer peripheral portion 10 of the strip-shaped portion 7 has a concave shape.
- the diameter r2 of the outer peripheral portion 10 is, for example, the diameter of the spherical portion 6 passing through the center of the spherical portion 6 in the direction orthogonal to the plane formed by the circumference of the strip-shaped portion 7.
- a non-contact image dimension measuring device shall be used for the measurement of diameters r1 and r2.
- IM-7000 manufactured by KEYENCE or an instrument having equivalent performance shall be used.
- the non-contact image dimension measuring instrument is an image dimension measuring instrument that projects light onto an object from directly above and measures the dimensions from the shadow. The measurement method will be described below.
- the ceramic ball material 5 is installed on the stage. At this time, in the ceramic ball material 5, the strip-shaped portion 7 is installed horizontally in the projection direction. When the band-shaped portion 7 forms an angle of 5 ° or more from the projection direction, the concave portion of the outer peripheral portion 10 of the strip-shaped portion 7 cannot be seen.
- the diameter r1 can be evaluated by setting and measuring the measurement area so that the distance between the centers of the concave shape of the outer peripheral portion 10 of the diagonal strip portion 7 can be measured. Further, as the diameter r2 of the spherical surface portion 6, the length of the line segment passing through the center of the spherical surface portion 6 in the direction orthogonal to the plane formed by the circumference of the strip-shaped portion 7 is measured.
- the outer peripheral portion 10 of the strip-shaped portion 7 has a flat or concave shape. Further, it is preferable that the outer peripheral portion 10 of the strip-shaped portion 7 has a concave shape.
- the concave shape means a shape in which the outer peripheral portion 10 of the strip-shaped portion 7 is recessed with respect to both shoulder portions at both ends.
- the outer peripheral portion 10 has a flat or concave shape, it becomes easy to form the R portion 8 on both shoulder portions of the band-shaped portion 7.
- the outer peripheral portion 10 of the strip-shaped portion 7 has a convex shape, the portion protrudes, so that brittle fracture due to contact during surface plate processing is likely to occur.
- the concave shape of the outer peripheral portion 10 of the strip-shaped portion 7 has a radius of curvature of 5 [mm] or more.
- the strip 7 is ground.
- the upper limit of the radius of curvature of the concave shape of the outer peripheral portion 10 of the strip-shaped portion 7 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 30 [mm] or less. If the radius of curvature of the concave shape becomes too large, it may be difficult to control the radius of curvature of the R portion 8.
- the concave shape of the outer peripheral portion 10 of the strip-shaped portion 7 may have a slight unevenness on the surface thereof.
- the convex portion is shown on the outer peripheral portion 10 of FIGS. 4 to 6, the convex portion is not an essential configuration. Further, when the outer peripheral portion 10 has a convex portion (projection portion), the height of the convex portion is lower than that of both shoulder portions.
- the concave shape of the outer peripheral portion 10 of the strip-shaped portion 7 has a ratio of the radius of curvature / the width W of the strip-shaped portion 10 or less.
- the radius of curvature of the concave shape of the outer peripheral portion 10 of the band-shaped portion 7 / the width W of the strip-shaped portion exceeds 10, the curvature of the concave shape is too large and it is difficult to control the radius of curvature of both shoulder portions of the strip-shaped portion 7. There is a risk of becoming.
- the height H of the band-shaped portion 7 is preferably 2.5 [%] or less with respect to the diameter r1 of the strip-shaped portion 7. It is shown that (height H of strip 7 / diameter r1 of strip 7) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 2.5 is satisfied. As described above, the strip 7 is removed by polishing. When the height H of the strip portion 7 is larger than 2.5% with respect to the diameter r1, the load of the polishing process increases. In addition, brittle fracture may easily occur due to contact during surface plate processing.
- the lower limit of the height H of the band-shaped portion 7 is preferably 0.1 [%] or more with respect to the diameter r1 of the band-shaped portion 7.
- the height H of the strip 7 is too small, it may be difficult to densify the periphery of the strip 7. Therefore, it is preferable to satisfy 0.1 ⁇ (height H of the band-shaped portion 7 / diameter r1 of the band-shaped portion) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 2.5.
- the diameter r2 of the spherical surface portion 6 is 0.5 [mm] or more. Further, the arbitrary diameter r2 of the spherical surface portion 6 is within the range of 8 [mm] or more and 70 [mm] or less, and the height H of the strip-shaped portion 7 is 1 [%] or less of the diameter r2 of the spherical surface portion. Is preferable. This indicates that (height H of the strip portion 7 / diameter r2 of the spherical portion 6) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1.
- the ratio (r1 / r2) of the diameter r1 of the strip-shaped portion 7 to the diameter r2 of the spherical portion 6 is preferably in the range of 0.9 ⁇ r1 / r2 ⁇ 1.1. If the arbitrary diameter r2 of the spherical surface portion 6 is less than 0.5 [mm], it becomes difficult to control the radius of curvature of the R portion 8. Therefore, it is more preferable that the diameter r2 of the spherical surface portion 6 is 8 [mm] or more and 70 [mm] or less.
- the material 5 for ceramic balls may be one or more of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), boron nitride (BN), and zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ). It is preferably contained in an amount of 85 [mass%] or more.
- the material 5 for ceramic balls is made of a ceramic sintered body. The content of 85 [mass%] or more of any one or more of aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, boron nitride, and zirconium oxide is the content in the ceramic sintered body. In other words, the ceramic sintered body may contain a substance other than the above in an amount of 15 [mass%] or less.
- the material 5 for ceramic balls preferably contains silicon nitride in an amount of 85 [mass%] or more.
- an aluminum oxide sintered body, a silicon nitride sintered body, a boron nitride sintered body, a zirconium oxide sintered body, and an argyl sintered body are used as a bearing ball.
- the argyl sintered body is a sintered body in which aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide are mixed.
- the bearing ball made of a silicon nitride sintered body has the best wear resistance.
- aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, and argyl have a Vickers hardness of about 1200 to 1700, but a fracture toughness value of about 3 to 6 [MPa ⁇ m 1/2 ], which is low.
- the silicon nitride sintered body has a high Vickers hardness of 1400 to 1800 and a fracture toughness value of 5 to 10 [MPa ⁇ m 1/2 ].
- the silicon nitride sintered body has both a high toughness value and a Vickers hardness, and is excellent in wear resistance from that point.
- the silicon nitride sintered body is a structure mainly composed of ⁇ -type silicon nitride crystal particles.
- the ⁇ -type silicon nitride crystal particles have a long and thin shape, and high toughness values are achieved by the complicated entanglement of the long and thin crystal particles.
- the silicon nitride sintered body has a very poor polishing efficiency due to its high mechanical strength.
- the silicon nitride sintered body is similar to the silicon nitride sintered body. Even if the material 5 for a ceramic ball is made of a high-strength ceramic sintered body, the polishing efficiency can be improved.
- the manufacturing method thereof is not particularly limited, but the following manufacturing method can be mentioned as a method for efficiently manufacturing the material 5.
- the method for manufacturing the material 5 for ceramic balls will be described by taking the case of a silicon nitride sintered body as an example.
- sintering aid an appropriate amount of sintering aid, additive, solvent, binder, etc. are added to silicon nitride as a raw material, mixed and crushed, and granulated with a spray dryer. By this step, granulated powder of raw material powder was prepared. Further, when the total of the silicon nitride powder and the sintering aid powder is 100 [mass%], it is preferable that the silicon nitride powder is 85 [mass%] or more.
- the additive is a plasticizer.
- the solvent is water or an organic solvent. Examples of the organic solvent include alcohol, ketone, benzene and the like.
- the binder is an organic substance.
- the amount of the binder added is in the range of 3 to 20 parts by mass when the total of the silicon nitride powder and the sintering aid powder is 100 parts by mass.
- press molding is performed using granulated powder.
- Examples of the press molding include a molding method using the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2 of the mold press molding apparatus shown in FIG. 1.
- the spherical shape inside the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 2 is the spherical portion 6 of the ceramic ball material 5.
- the width W and the height of the strip-shaped portion 7 of the ceramic ball material 5 are adjusted.
- H can be adjusted.
- the diameter r1 and the diameter r2 can be adjusted.
- the space between the tip portion 3 of the upper mold 1 and the tip portion 4 of the lower mold 2 when press-molded is set to 0.5 [mm] or more and 4 [mm], and the gap is filled with granulated powder. Press-molded into.
- the width W of the strip-shaped portion 7 can be controlled within the range of 0.5 [mm] or more and 4 [mm] or less.
- the molded body obtained by press molding is a molded body having a spherical surface portion and a strip-shaped portion.
- the spherical surface portion and the strip-shaped portion of the molded body correspond to the spherical surface portion 6 and the strip-shaped portion 7 of the ceramic ball material 5, respectively.
- the diameter of the strip-shaped portion of the molded body is r1-1
- the diameter of the spherical portion is r2-1.
- the method for measuring the diameters r1-1 and 2-1 of the molded body is the same as the method for measuring the diameters r1 and r2 of the ceramic ball material 5 described above.
- 0.85 ⁇ (r1-1) / (r2-1) ⁇ 1.05 is preferable.
- the sintered body obtained in the sintering step described later can be set to 0.9 ⁇ r1 / r2 ⁇ 1.1. This takes into consideration the shrinkage of the molded product due to the sintering process.
- isotropic pressure molding it is also preferable to perform isotropic pressure molding on the molded body.
- isotropic pressure molding the granulated powder in the molded body can be uniformly compressed. This makes it possible to reduce the amount of granulated powder that remains crushed in the molded product. By reducing the amount of granulated powder left uncrushed, the shrinkage ratio in the sintering step can be controlled.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of a disk-shaped rubber mold.
- 11 and 12 are disk-shaped rubber molds, and 13 is a space.
- FIG. 7A is a side view showing a state in which the disc-shaped rubber molds 11 and 12 are overlapped.
- FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which the molded body is arranged in the space 13 in the disc-shaped rubber molds 11 and 12.
- the disc-shaped rubber molds 11 and 12 have hemispherical holes laid on both sides that are 1 [%] or more and 35 [%] or less larger than the diameter r1 of the molded body.
- the rubber mold 11 and the rubber mold 12 having a shore hardness Hs of 30 or more and 50 or less.
- Hs shore hardness
- the durability of the rubber mold is also good.
- R portions 8 having a radius of curvature of 0.02 [mm] or more can be formed on both shoulder portions of the strip-shaped portion 7 of the molded body.
- the radius of curvature of the concave shape of the outer peripheral portion 10 of the strip-shaped portion 7 of the molded body and the height H of the strip-shaped portion 7 can be adjusted. can.
- a degreasing step is performed to degreas the molded product.
- the degreasing step is a step of heating at a temperature higher than the decomposition temperature of an organic component such as a binder to remove the organic component.
- the degreasing step may be performed in a nitrogen atmosphere or an air atmosphere. A degreased body can be obtained by the degreasing step.
- Ceramic balls can be manufactured by polishing the material 5 for ceramic balls.
- a typical example of ball polishing is surface plate processing.
- the ceramic ball material 5 is inserted between the surface plates provided in parallel in the vertical direction.
- the movement of the polishing surface plate may be used to process the ceramic ball material 5 into a spherical shape.
- the surface roughness of the bearing ball is defined in ASTM F2094.
- ASTM F2094 As the bearing ball, a grade conforming to ASTM F2094 is adopted depending on the application. It is polished to a surface roughness Ra according to the grade. As the grade goes up, some mirror-finished products have a surface roughness Ra of 0.01 [ ⁇ m] or less.
- ASTM is a standard issued by ASTM International. The old name of ASTM International is American Society for Testing and Materials: ASTM.
- the ceramic ball material 5 according to the embodiment has R portions 8 having a radius of curvature of 0.02 [mm] or more on both shoulder portions of the strip-shaped portion 7. Therefore, the contact with the grindstone such as the polishing surface plate can be the surface contact. As a result, it is possible to prevent the ceramic ball material 5 from being damaged in the polishing process. In addition, the durability of the polishing surface plate can be improved. Further, by controlling the shape and the like of the strip-shaped portion 7, it is possible to reduce the polishing allowance and improve the workability.
- Example 3 Sintering aids, additives, solvents, binders and the like were added to the ceramic powder as a raw material, mixed and crushed, and granulated by a spray dryer.
- Examples 1 to 3, 5 to 6 are silicon nitride sintered bodies
- Example 4 is an aluminum oxide sintered body
- Example 7 is an argyl sintered body.
- the silicon nitride sintered body contains 85 [mass%] or more of silicon nitride.
- the aluminum oxide sintered body contains 85 [mass%] or more of aluminum oxide.
- the argyl sintered body contains 85 [mass%] or more of the total of aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide.
- press molding was performed using granulated powder.
- the press molding is a die forming using the upper and lower dies of the die press forming apparatus shown in FIG.
- isotropic pressure molding was performed.
- a disc-shaped rubber mold having a shore hardness of Hs 30 or more and 50 or less was used.
- the disc-shaped rubber molds 11 and 12 are provided with hemispherical holes 1 [%] or more and 35 [%] or less larger than the diameter r1 of the molded body on both sides.
- the strip-shaped portion of the molded body was arranged so as to be perpendicular to the cylindrical direction of the rubber mold. In this state, the isotropic pressure molding step applied a hydrostatic pressure higher than the pressure at the time of molding.
- the sintering step was carried out at 1600 to 2000 [° C.] in a nitrogen atmosphere at atmospheric pressure. Then, HIP treatment was performed at a pressure of 200 [MPa] in a nitrogen atmosphere at 1600 to 2000 [° C.].
- the material for ceramic balls according to the example was produced. Further, in the comparative example, when the total of the main component and the sintering aid was 100 parts by mass, the amount of the binder added was 3 parts by mass. In addition, isotropic pressure molding was not performed after the molding process.
- Example 1 is a ceramic ball material 5 for a ceramic ball that becomes 3/8 inch (9.525 [mm]) after polishing. Further, Examples 2 and 4 are ceramic ball materials 5 for 5/16 inch (7.9375 [mm]) ceramic balls. Examples 3, 5 to 7 are ceramic ball materials 5 for 7/8 inch (22.225 [mm]) ceramic balls. Comparative Examples 2 and 3 are ceramic ball materials for 5/16 inch (7.9375 [mm]) ceramic balls, as in Examples 2 and 4. Comparative Example 1 is a ceramic ball material for a 7/8 inch (22.225 [mm]) ceramic ball, as in Examples 3, 5-7. The ceramic ball material 5 of Examples 1 to 7 and the ceramic ball material of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 can both be used as bearing balls.
- the width W of the band-shaped portion is out of the range.
- the radius of curvature of the R portions of both shoulder portions of the strip-shaped portion is out of the range.
- both shoulders of the band-shaped portion had an acute angle of less than 90 °.
- the polishing efficiency was evaluated using the ceramic ball material 5 of the example and the ceramic ball material of the comparative example. For the evaluation, when processing each material for ceramic balls using a surface plate grindstone with number # 180, the number of ceramic ball materials according to the size is set to one batch, and how many batches the surface plate grindstone can withstand is investigated. rice field. The polishing process was performed so that the surface roughness Ra of the ceramic balls was 0.01 [ ⁇ m].
- the rate of defects such as chipping of the ceramic ball material during the above polishing process was investigated.
- the defect occurrence rate one batch was visually inspected, and the rate of chipping was shown as the material chip defect rate [%].
- the material chipping defect rate [%] is rounded off to the second decimal place.
- the diameter difference which is the deviation in the diameter of the ceramic ball after the target polishing process.
- the diameter difference is the difference between the minimum diameter and the maximum diameter when the entire circumference of the spherical surface is measured.
- the diameter difference is the average value of the results measured by extracting any 10 pieces from one batch. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the durability of the grindstone was improved in the material 5 for ceramic balls according to the embodiment. Further, in the ceramic ball material 5 according to the embodiment, the incidence of defects in the ceramic ball material 5 decreased. Further, in the ceramic ball material 5 according to the embodiment, deviation from the target diameter could be reduced. Therefore, it can be seen that the ceramic ball material 5 according to the embodiment has good polishing efficiency.
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Abstract
Description
このため、幅Wは0.5[mm]以上4[mm]以下、さらには0.8[mm]以上3.5[mm]以下が好ましい。
また、帯状部7の直径r1の、球面部6の直径r2に対する比(r1/r2)は、0.9≦r1/r2≦1.1の範囲内にあることが好ましい。
球面部6の任意の直径r2が0.5[mm]未満であるとR部8の曲率半径を制御するのが難しくなる。このため、球面部6の直径r2は8[mm]以上70[mm]以下であることがさらに好ましい。
(実施例1~7、比較例1~3)
原料となるセラミック粉末に焼結助剤、添加剤、溶剤及びバインダー等を加え混合、解砕し、スプレードライヤーにて造粒を行った。実施例1~3、5~6は窒化ケイ素焼結体、実施例4は酸化アルミニウム焼結体、実施例7はアルジル焼結体である。窒化ケイ素焼結体は窒化ケイ素を85[質量%]以上含有したものである。酸化アルミニウム焼結体は酸化アルミニウムを85[質量%]以上含有したものである。また、アルジル焼結体は酸化アルミニウムと酸化ジルコニウムの合計を85[質量%]以上含有したものである。それぞれ主成分と焼結助剤の合計を100質量部としたとき、バインダの添加量を3~20質量部の範囲内とした。
Claims (11)
- 球面部と、
前記球面部の表面の円周に亘って形成された帯状部と、
を備え、
前記帯状部の幅が0.5[mm]以上4.0[mm]以下の範囲内であり、前記帯状部の両肩部に曲率半径が0.02[mm]以上のR部を具備することを特徴とするセラミックボール用素材。 - 前記帯状部の外周部が平坦、もしくは凹形状を為すことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のセラミックボール用素材。
- 前記帯状部の外周部が前記両肩部に対して凹形状を為し、凹形状の前記外周部が5[mm]以上の曲率半径を持つことを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項2のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックボール用素材。
- 前記帯状部の高さが前記帯状部の任意の直径の2.5[%]以下であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項3のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックボール用素材。
- 前記球面部の任意の直径が0.5[mm]以上であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項4のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックボール用素材。
- 前記球面部の任意の直径が8[mm]以上70[mm]以下の範囲内にあり、かつ前記帯状部の高さが前記球面部の直径の1[%]以下であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項5のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックボール用素材。
- 前記帯状部の外周部の直径の、前記球面部の直径に対する比が0.9以上1.1以下であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項6のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックボール用素材。
- 前記セラミックボール用素材が酸化アルミニウム、窒化ケイ素、窒化ほう素、酸化ジルコニウムのいずれか1つを85質量[%]以上含有することを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項7のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックボール用素材。
- 前記セラミックボール用素材が窒化ケイ素を85質量[%]以上含むセラミックの焼結体であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項8のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックボール用素材。
- 請求項1ないし請求項9のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックボール用素材を研磨加工することを特徴とするセラミックボールの製造方法。
- 請求項1ないし請求項9のいずれか1項に記載のセラミックボール用素材を研磨加工することにより得られたことを特徴とするセラミックボール。
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EP21910722.4A EP4269022A1 (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2021-12-20 | Ceramic ball material, ceramic ball manufacturing method using same, and ceramic ball |
CN202180086527.9A CN116669900A (zh) | 2020-12-24 | 2021-12-20 | 陶瓷球用原材料及采用了其的陶瓷球的制造方法以及陶瓷球 |
US18/213,444 US20230332644A1 (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2023-06-23 | Ceramic Ball Material, Method For Manufacturing Ceramic Ball Using Same, And Ceramic Ball |
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US18/213,444 Continuation US20230332644A1 (en) | 2020-12-24 | 2023-06-23 | Ceramic Ball Material, Method For Manufacturing Ceramic Ball Using Same, And Ceramic Ball |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2023054611A1 (ja) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-04-06 | 株式会社 東芝 | セラミックボール用素材およびセラミックボール及びその製造方法 |
WO2024009938A1 (ja) * | 2022-07-06 | 2024-01-11 | 株式会社 東芝 | セラミックスボール用素材、セラミックス成形体の加工装置、および、セラミックス成形体の加工方法 |
WO2024117112A1 (ja) * | 2022-11-28 | 2024-06-06 | 株式会社 東芝 | セラミックスボール用素材およびそれを用いたセラミックスボールの製造方法並びにセラミックスボール |
WO2024150819A1 (ja) * | 2023-01-13 | 2024-07-18 | 株式会社 東芝 | セラミックスボール用素材の製造方法およびセラミックスボールの製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
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CN118107042B (zh) * | 2024-04-14 | 2024-10-11 | 江苏汇浦新材科技有限公司 | 一种氮化硅陶瓷球的制备方法 |
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EP4269022A1 (en) | 2023-11-01 |
CN116669900A (zh) | 2023-08-29 |
JPWO2022138579A1 (ja) | 2022-06-30 |
US20230332644A1 (en) | 2023-10-19 |
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