WO2022127149A1 - 一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂和基于其的阻燃型氨纶纤维 - Google Patents
一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂和基于其的阻燃型氨纶纤维 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022127149A1 WO2022127149A1 PCT/CN2021/112536 CN2021112536W WO2022127149A1 WO 2022127149 A1 WO2022127149 A1 WO 2022127149A1 CN 2021112536 W CN2021112536 W CN 2021112536W WO 2022127149 A1 WO2022127149 A1 WO 2022127149A1
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- Prior art keywords
- spandex
- oil
- flame
- flame retardant
- retardant
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- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000578 dry spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 10
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LJCFOYOSGPHIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony pentoxide Chemical compound O=[Sb](=O)O[Sb](=O)=O LJCFOYOSGPHIOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 phosphoric acid triester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical class [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Stearyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- QYBOVYMFYKASRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-methyl-1-(11-methyldodecoxy)dodecane phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C QYBOVYMFYKASRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RZXLPPRPEOUENN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorfenson Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RZXLPPRPEOUENN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940008099 dimethicone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012796 inorganic flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- JZZBTMVTLBHJHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate Chemical compound ClCC(Cl)COP(=O)(OCC(Cl)CCl)OCC(Cl)CCl JZZBTMVTLBHJHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/04—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
- D01F11/08—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/08—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with halogenated hydrocarbons
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of a spandex oil for dry spinning, and relates to a spandex oil with flame retardant properties and a flame-retardant spandex fiber based thereon.
- Spandex is a long-chain polymer synthetic fiber containing at least 85% by weight of polyurethane segments. Since spandex itself is flammable, conventional spandex oil is mainly composed of a mixture of mineral oil and dimethyl silicone oil. Although oil and dimethicone are not flammable, they cannot effectively prevent the burning of spandex fibers. With the development of the times, flame retardant textiles have received more and more attention and attention, especially people's requirements for the comfort of flame retardant textiles are getting higher and higher, and flame retardant spandex has also become a hot spot of current differentiated spandex research. The research of flame retardant spandex can not only effectively avoid "homogenization" competition, but also has high social value.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a spandex oil with flame retardant properties and a flame retardant spandex fiber based thereon, which effectively solves the use defect of the flammable material of spandex itself.
- the disclosed spandex oil with flame retardant properties imparts high flame retardant effect to spandex fibers and good thermal stability, and does not affect the mechanical properties of spandex fibers themselves.
- the invention discloses a spandex oil agent with flame retardant properties, comprising the following components: 50%-80% of chlorinated paraffin oil, 10%-40% of modified silicone oil, and 8%-80% of flame retardant in terms of weight percentage. 15%, 1% to 5% of antistatic agent, 1% to 5% of dispersant, and the sum of the percentages of the above components is 100%.
- the kinematic viscosity of the chlorinated paraffin oil at 40° C. is 10 ⁇ 35 mm 2 /s.
- the modified silicone oil is a phenyl modified silicone oil.
- the kinematic viscosity of the phenyl-modified silicone oil at 40°C is 50-100 mm 2 /s.
- the flame retardant is one or more of antimony pentoxide, ammonium phosphate, brominated polystyrene or phosphoric acid triester.
- the antistatic agent is one or more of a quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, a modified sulfonate anionic surfactant or a modified phosphate anionic surfactant.
- the dispersant is one or both of aliphatic amine polyoxyethylene ether or oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.
- the invention also discloses a flame-retardant spandex fiber, the flame-retardant spandex fiber is prepared by dry-spinning the spandex using the above-mentioned spandex oil agent with flame-retardant properties.
- the oiling rate of the spandex oil with flame retardant properties during dry spinning is 3% to 7%.
- the oiling rate is 5%.
- the limiting oxygen index of the flame-retardant spandex fiber satisfies ⁇ 27%.
- the limiting oxygen index of the flame-retardant spandex fiber can reach 27% to 30%.
- the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
- the present invention develops a spandex oil with flame retardant properties that is specially applied to spandex fiber.
- the traditional mineral oil is replaced by chlorinated paraffin oil, and a certain proportion of flame retardant is added to the spandex oil agent with flame retardant properties to enhance the flame retardant effect. Therefore, the spandex oil agent with flame retardant performance disclosed in the present invention can have stable flame retardant performance and use performance.
- the invention also discloses a flame-retardant spandex fiber made based on the above-mentioned spandex oil with flame-retardant properties.
- the spandex oil with flame retardant effect of the present invention forms an effective wrap on the surface of spandex fiber, which will not reduce or reduce the mechanical properties of spandex fiber itself, and can ensure high flame retardant effect of spandex fiber.
- Good thermal stability and does not pollute the environment during the flame retardant process, and does not affect the color of the fabric.
- the invention discloses a spandex oil agent with flame retardant properties, comprising the following components: 50%-80% of chlorinated paraffin oil, 10%-40% of modified silicone oil, and 8%-80% of flame retardant in terms of weight percentage. 15%, antistatic agent 1% to 5%, dispersant 1% to 5%, the sum of the percentages of the above components is 100%, in total;
- the chlorinated paraffin oil is obtained by chlorination of conventional mineral oil, and the kinematic viscosity of the chlorinated paraffin oil at 40°C is 10-35 mm 2 /s;
- the modified silicone oil is phenyl modified silicone oil, and the kinematic viscosity at 40°C is 50-100 mm 2 /s;
- the flame retardant is one or more of the inorganic flame retardants of antimony pentoxide or ammonium phosphate, and one or more of the organic flame retardants of brominated polystyrene or phosphate triester. several;
- the antistatic agent is one or more of a quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, an anionic surfactant of a modified sulfonate or an anionic surfactant of a modified phosphate;
- the dispersant is one or both of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether or oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.
- the oiling rate is 3% to 7%, and the finally formed flame retardant spandex fiber has excellent flame retardant properties.
- a kind of spandex oil agent with flame retardant properties is to sequentially put 50g of chlorinated paraffin oil and 30g of phenyl modified silicone oil into a reaction vessel, heat it up to 60°C and stir for 10min, and then add dioxygen pentoxide in sequence 3 g of antimony, 4 g of ammonium phosphate, 4 g of brominated polystyrene, 4 g of tris(2.3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, 1 g of octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 2 g of sodium polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, fat 2 g of alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, fully stirred for 1 hour until the liquid is transparent and uniform, and cooled to normal temperature to obtain a spandex oil with flame retardant properties.
- the kinematic viscosity of chlorinated paraffin oil at 40°C is 10 mm 2 /s
- the kinematic viscosity of phenyl modified silicone oil at 40° C. is 80 mm 2 /s.
- a kind of spandex oil agent with flame retardant properties it is planned to sequentially put 53g of chlorinated paraffin oil and 33g of phenyl modified silicone oil into a reaction vessel, heat it up to 60°C and stir for 10min, and then add dioxygen pentoxide in sequence 4 g of antimony, 3 g of ammonium phosphate, 3 g of brominated polystyrene, 2 g of sodium polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, 2 g of oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, fully stirred for 1 hour until the liquid was transparent and uniform, cooled to room temperature, and obtained flame retardant Performance spandex finish.
- the kinematic viscosity of chlorinated paraffin oil at 40°C was 20 mm 2 /s
- the kinematic viscosity of phenyl-modified silicone oil at 40° C. was 50 mm 2 /s.
- a kind of spandex oil agent with flame retardant properties is to sequentially put 65g of chlorinated paraffin oil and 25g of phenyl modified silicone oil into a reaction vessel, heat up to 60°C and stir for 10min, and then add ammonium phosphate in sequence 4g of brominated polystyrene, 1g of isotridecyl ether phosphate, 1g of oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, fully stirred for 1 hour until the liquid is transparent and uniform, cooled to room temperature, and a spandex oil with flame retardant properties is obtained.
- the kinematic viscosity of chlorinated paraffin oil at 40°C was 35 mm 2 /s
- the kinematic viscosity of phenyl-modified silicone oil at 40° C. was 95 mm 2 /s.
- a kind of spandex oil agent with flame retardant properties is as follows: 75g of chlorinated paraffin oil and 10g of phenyl-modified silicone oil are put into a reaction vessel, heated to 60°C and stirred for 10min, and then added dioxygen pentoxide in sequence 3g antimony, 4g ammonium phosphate, 4g brominated polystyrene, 2g octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 1g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 1g oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, stir well for 1 hour until the liquid is transparent Evenly, the temperature is lowered to normal temperature to obtain a spandex oil with flame retardant properties.
- the kinematic viscosity of chlorinated paraffin oil at 40°C is 30 mm 2 /s
- the kinematic viscosity of phenyl-modified silicone oil at 40° C. is 100 mm 2 /s.
- a kind of spandex oil agent with flame retardant properties is to sequentially put 80g of chlorinated paraffin oil and 10g of phenyl modified silicone oil into a reaction vessel, heat up to 60°C and stir for 10min, and then add ammonium phosphate in sequence 4g, brominated polystyrene 4g, octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride 1g, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 0.5g, oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 0.5g, fully stirred for 1 hour until the liquid was transparent and uniform, and cooled to At room temperature, a spandex oil with flame retardant properties can be obtained.
- the kinematic viscosity of chlorinated paraffin oil at 40°C was 15 mm 2 /s
- the kinematic viscosity of phenyl-modified silicone oil at 40° C. was 60 mm 2 /s.
- a kind of spandex oil agent with flame retardant performance is to sequentially put 50g of chlorinated paraffin oil and 40g of phenyl modified silicone oil into a reaction vessel, heat up to 60°C and stir for 10min, and then add tris(phosphoric acid) in turn.
- the kinematic viscosity of chlorinated paraffin oil at 40°C was 30 mm 2 /s
- the kinematic viscosity of phenyl-modified silicone oil at 40° C. was 90 mm 2 /s.
- a kind of spandex oil agent with flame retardant properties is as follows: 60g of chlorinated paraffin oil and 17g of phenyl-modified silicone oil are put into a reaction vessel, heated to 60°C and stirred for 10min, and then brominated polyamide is added in sequence. 13g styrene, 2g octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, 2g sodium polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, 1g isotridecyl ether phosphate, 3g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 2g oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, Fully stirring for 1 hour until the liquid is transparent and uniform, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain a spandex oil with flame retardant properties.
- the kinematic viscosity of chlorinated paraffin oil at 40°C was 35 mm 2 /s
- the kinematic viscosity of phenyl-modified silicone oil at 40° C. was 95 mm 2 /s.
- the spandex flame retardant oil agent with flame retardant properties prepared by the above methods of Examples 1 to 7 is used for dry spinning to prepare spandex yarn, preferably with an oiling rate of 5%, using a roller method for oiling, at 800 m/min.
- the spinning speed is wound into cheese yarn to obtain 40D spandex yarn, which is the flame-retardant spandex fiber of the present invention.
- the flame-retardant spandex fibers corresponding to Examples 8-1 to 8-7 correspond to the spandex flame retardant oils with flame retardant properties prepared in Examples 1 to 7, respectively.
- the difference between the conventional spandex oil samples is that the conventional spandex oil is used, and the other operating parameters remain unchanged.
- the 40D spandex yarn produced by using the spandex oil with flame retardant properties prepared by the method of the present invention is a flame retardant spandex fiber
- the 40D spandex yarn produced by using the spandex oil with flame retardant properties prepared by the method of the present invention is different from the spandex oil with flame retardant properties prepared by the present invention.
- the mechanical properties remain unchanged, and at the same time, they have good flame retardant properties.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂和基于其的阻燃型氨纶纤维，属于干法纺丝用氨纶油剂技术领域。本发明所述具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂包括如下组分：按重量百分比计，氯化石蜡油40％～80％，改性硅油20％～40％，阻燃剂8％～15％，抗静电剂1％～5％，分散剂1％～5％，以上组分百分比含量之和为100％，以总量计。将本发明所述具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂用于氨纶纤维的干法纺丝，能够制得一种阻燃型氨纶纤维本发明的特点在于有效解决了氨纶纤维本身易燃的特性，赋予氨纶纤维较高的阻燃效果且热稳定性好，不会降低或减少氨纶本身的力学性能。
Description
本发明属于干法纺丝用氨纶油剂技术领域，涉及一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂和基于其的阻燃型氨纶纤维。
氨纶是一种含有至少85％重量百分比聚氨酯链段的长链聚合物合成纤维，由于氨纶本身属于易燃物，常规的氨纶油剂主要是由为矿物油和二甲基硅油混合而成，矿物油和二甲基硅油虽不是易燃物，但却无法有效阻止氨纶纤维的燃烧。随着时代发展，阻燃类纺织品越来越受到关注与重视，特别是人们对于阻燃纺织物舒适度的要求越来越高，阻燃氨纶也成了当前差异化氨纶研究的热点。阻燃氨纶的研究既可有效避免“同质化”竞争，也具有较高的社会价值。
现有技术中，为增加氨纶纤维的阻燃性能，主要是通过在生产氨纶过程中阻燃助剂的添加或者对含氨纶织物进行阻燃整理两种方法。前者通过阻燃助剂改性的方法，若要达到较好的阻燃效果，阻燃助剂添加量质量占比需≥10％，过高阻燃助剂的添加对氨纶本身力学性能影响较大，且会降低氨纶纺丝过程中的稳定性；后者对含氨纶织物进行阻燃整理的方法指的是将织物进行阻燃剂的侵渍后干燥，此方法会明显降低织物的力学性能，阻燃效率低，工艺复杂，污染严重，且织物易发黄变色，影响美观。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂和基于其的阻燃型氨纶纤维，有效解决了氨纶本身易燃的材料使用缺陷，通过本发明公开的有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂赋予氨纶纤维较高的阻燃效果且热稳定性好，不会影响氨纶纤维本身的力学性能。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现：
本发明公开了一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，包括以下组分：按重量百分比计，氯化石蜡油50％～80％，改性硅油10％～40％，阻燃剂8％～15％，抗静电剂1％～5％，分散剂1％～5％，以上各组分百分比含量之和为100％。
优选地，氯化石蜡油在40℃时的运动粘度为10～35mm
2/s。
优选地，改性硅油为苯基改性硅油。
进一步优选地，苯基改性硅油在40℃时的运动粘度为50～100mm
2/s。
优选地，阻燃剂为五氧化二锑、磷酸铵盐、溴化聚苯乙烯或磷酸三酯中的一种或几种。
优选地，抗静电剂为季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂、改性磺酸盐阴离子表面活性剂或改性磷酸盐阴离子表面活性剂中的一种或几种。
优选地，分散剂为脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚或油醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或两种。
本发明还公开了一种阻燃型氨纶纤维，所述阻燃型氨纶纤维利用上述具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂经氨纶干法纺丝制得。
优选地，干法纺丝时所述具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂的上油率为3％～7％。
优选地，上油率为5％。
优选地，所述阻燃型氨纶纤维的的极限氧指数满足≥27％。
进一步优选地，所述阻燃型氨纶纤维的的极限氧指数能够达到27％～30％。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明针对氨纶纤维本身易燃的特点，研制了专门应用于氨纶纤维的具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，本发明所述具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂在于改变传统氨纶油剂的成分组成，将氯化石蜡油替代传统矿物油，并在所述具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂中加入一定比例的阻燃剂增强阻燃效果。因此，本发明公开的具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂能够具有稳定的阻燃性能和使用性能。
进一步地，通过利用苯基改性硅油替代传统的二甲基硅油，能够增强所述具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂的阻燃性效果
本发明还公开了基于上述具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂制成的一种阻燃型氨纶纤维。通过本发明所述具有阻燃效果的氨纶油剂经过干法纺丝、对氨纶纤维表面形成有效包裹，既不会降低或减少氨纶纤维本身的力学性能，还能保证氨纶纤维的阻燃效果高、热稳定性好，且在阻燃过程中不污染环境，不影响织物色泽。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是，本发明的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本发明的实施例能够以除了在这里描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
本发明公开了一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，包括以下组分：按重量百分比计，氯化石蜡油50％～80％，改性硅油10％～40％，阻燃剂8％～15％，抗静电剂1％～5％，分散剂1％～5％，以上组分百分比含量之和为100％，以总量计；
其中，所述的氯化石蜡油为常规矿物质油经过氯化而成，所述的氯化石蜡油在40℃时的运动粘度为10～35mm
2/s；
其中，所述的改性硅油为苯基改性硅油，在40℃时的运动粘度为50～100mm
2/s；
其中，所述的阻燃剂为五氧化二锑或磷酸铵盐的无机阻燃剂中的一种或几种，以及溴化聚苯乙烯或磷酸三酯的有机阻燃剂中的一种或几种；
其中，所述的抗静电剂为季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂，改性磺酸盐的阴离子表面活性剂或改性磷酸盐的阴离子表面活性剂中的一种或几种；
其中，所述的分散剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚或油醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或两种。
具体地，上述具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂用于氨纶干法纺丝时，上油率为3％～7％，最终形成的阻燃型氨纶纤维具有优异的阻燃性能。
实施例1
一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，期配置为依次将氯化石蜡油50g，苯基改性硅油30g，放入反应容器中，升温至60℃并搅拌10min，然后再依次加入五氧化二锑3g，磷酸铵盐4g，溴化聚苯乙烯4g，磷酸三(2.3-二氯丙基)酯4g，十八烷基三甲基氯化铵1g，聚氧乙烯醚磺酸钠2g，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚2g，充分搅拌1小时至液体透明均匀，降温至常温，既得到具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂。
其中，氯化石蜡油在40℃时的运动粘度为10mm
2/s，苯基改性硅油在40℃时的运动粘度为80mm
2/s。
实施例2
一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，期配置为依次将氯化石蜡油53g，苯基改性硅油33g，放入反应容器中，升温至60℃并搅拌10min，然后再依次加入五氧化二锑4g，磷酸铵盐3g，溴化聚苯乙烯3g，聚氧乙烯醚磺酸钠2g，油醇聚氧乙烯醚2g，充分搅拌1小时至液体透明均匀，降温至常温，既得到具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂。
其中，氯化石蜡油在40℃时的运动粘度为20mm
2/s，苯基改性硅油在40℃ 时的运动粘度为50mm
2/s。
实施例3
一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，期配置为依次将氯化石蜡油65g，苯基改性硅油25g，放入反应容器中，升温至60℃并搅拌10min，然后再依次加入磷酸铵盐4g，溴化聚苯乙烯4g，异十三醇醚磷酸酯1g，油醇聚氧乙烯醚1g，充分搅拌1小时至液体透明均匀，降温至常温，既得到具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂。
其中，氯化石蜡油在40℃时的运动粘度为35mm
2/s，苯基改性硅油在40℃时的运动粘度为95mm
2/s。
实施例4
一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，期配置为依次将氯化石蜡油75g，苯基改性硅油10g，放入反应容器中，升温至60℃并搅拌10min，然后再依次加入五氧化二锑3g，磷酸铵盐4g，溴化聚苯乙烯4g，十八烷基三甲基氯化铵2g，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚1g，油醇聚氧乙烯醚1g，充分搅拌1小时至液体透明均匀，降温至常温，既得到具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂。
其中，氯化石蜡油在40℃时的运动粘度为30mm
2/s，苯基改性硅油在40℃时的运动粘度为100mm
2/s。
实施例5
一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，期配置为依次将氯化石蜡油80g，苯基改性硅油10g，放入反应容器中，升温至60℃并搅拌10min，然后再依次加入磷酸铵盐4g，溴化聚苯乙烯4g，十八烷基三甲基氯化铵1g，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚0.5g，油醇聚氧乙烯醚0.5g，充分搅拌1小时至液体透明均匀，降温至常温，既得到具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂。
其中，氯化石蜡油在40℃时的运动粘度为15mm
2/s，苯基改性硅油在40℃时的运动粘度为60mm
2/s。
实施例6
一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，期配置为依次将氯化石蜡油50g，苯基改性硅油40g，放入反应容器中，升温至60℃并搅拌10min，然后再依次加入磷酸三(2,3-二氯丙基)酯4g，溴化聚苯乙烯4g，异十三醇醚磷酸酯1g，油醇聚氧乙烯醚1g，充分搅拌1小时至液体透明均匀，降温至常温，既得到具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂。
其中，氯化石蜡油在40℃时的运动粘度为30mm
2/s，苯基改性硅油在40℃时的运动粘度为90mm
2/s。
实施例7
一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，期配置为依次将氯化石蜡油60g，苯基改性硅油17g，放入反应容器中，升温至60℃并搅拌10min，然后再依次加入溴化聚苯乙烯13g，十八烷基三甲基氯化铵2g，聚氧乙烯醚磺酸钠2g，异十三醇醚磷酸酯1g，脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚3g，油醇聚氧乙烯醚2g，充分搅拌1小时至液体透明均匀，降温至常温，既得到具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂。
其中，氯化石蜡油在40℃时的运动粘度为35mm
2/s，苯基改性硅油在40℃时的运动粘度为95mm
2/s。
实施例8
将实施例1～实施例7上述方法制备的具有阻燃性能的氨纶阻燃油剂用于干法纺丝制备氨纶丝，优选采用上油率5％，采用滚筒法上油，以800m/min纺速卷取为筒子纱，制得40D的氨纶丝，即为本发明所述阻燃型氨纶纤维。
按照《FZT 50006-2013》和《GBT 5454-1997》，将上述实施例生产的阻燃型氨纶纤维进行物性指标和阻燃性能测试，数据对比如下表1：
表1利用实施例1～实施例4的具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂制得的阻燃型氨纶纤维的性能测试表
上表中，实例8-1～实例8-7对应的阻燃型氨纶纤维，分别对应于实施例1～实施例7中制备得到的具有阻燃性能的氨纶阻燃油剂，采用上油率5％、采用滚筒法上油、以800m/min纺速卷取为筒子纱、用于干法纺丝制备得到的阻燃型氨纶纤维。上表中，常规氨纶油剂样品的区别在于采用了常规氨纶油剂，其余操作参数不变。
从上表可知，使用本发明方法制备的具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂生产出来的40D氨纶丝为阻燃型氨纶纤维，与不使用本发明制备的具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂、而使用常规氨纶油剂样品生产出来的普通40D氨纶丝产品相比，力学性能保持不变，同时具有有良好的阻燃性能。
以上所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本 发明的技术方案作出的各种变形和改进，均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
- 一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，其特征在于，包括以下组分：按重量百分比计，氯化石蜡油50％～80％，改性硅油10％～40％，阻燃剂8％～15％，抗静电剂1％～5％，分散剂1％～5％。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，其特征在于，氯化石蜡油在40℃时的运动粘度为10～35mm 2/s。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，其特征在于，改性硅油为苯基改性硅油。
- 根据权利要求3所述的一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，其特征在于，苯基改性硅油在40℃时的运动粘度为50～100mm 2/s。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，其特征在于，阻燃剂为五氧化二锑、磷酸铵盐、溴化聚苯乙烯或磷酸三酯中的一种或几种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，其特征在于，抗静电剂为季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂、改性磺酸盐阴离子表面活性剂或改性磷酸盐阴离子表面活性剂中的一种或几种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂，其特征在于，分散剂为脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚或油醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或两种。
- 一种阻燃型氨纶纤维，其特征在于，包括：利用权利要求1～7任意一项所述具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂经氨纶干法纺丝制得。
- 根据权利要求8所述的一种阻燃型氨纶纤维，其特征在于，干法纺丝时所述具有阻燃性能的氨纶油剂的上油率为3％～7％；优选地，上油率为5％。
- 据权利要求8所述的一种阻燃型氨纶纤维，其特征在于，所述阻燃型氨纶纤维的的极限氧指数满足≥27％。
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