WO2022118586A1 - 接合装置及び接合方法 - Google Patents
接合装置及び接合方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022118586A1 WO2022118586A1 PCT/JP2021/040223 JP2021040223W WO2022118586A1 WO 2022118586 A1 WO2022118586 A1 WO 2022118586A1 JP 2021040223 W JP2021040223 W JP 2021040223W WO 2022118586 A1 WO2022118586 A1 WO 2022118586A1
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- Prior art keywords
- metal member
- joining
- measured value
- fixing
- gantry
- Prior art date
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- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 33
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1265—Non-butt welded joints, e.g. overlap-joints, T-joints or spot welds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/126—Workpiece support, i.e. backing or clamping
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a joining device and a joining method.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which a first metal member and a second metal member are butted to form a butt joint, and a rotary tool is moved along the butt portion to perform friction stir welding. ..
- the height positions of the first metal member and the second metal member vary due to warpage of each metal member, deformation such as twisting, dimensional tolerance, and the like. In addition, foreign matter may be caught between the jig of the gantry and the first metal member and the second metal member, insufficient pressing of the jig, or defective pressing may occur. If the height positions of the first metal member and the second metal member exceed the permissible range, there is a high possibility that joining failure will occur no matter how the rotation tool is controlled.
- the present invention is in the vicinity of a joint portion formed by a first metal member and a second metal member arranged in a positional relationship in which the first metal member is butted or overlapped to be joined.
- a measuring unit that measures the height of the metal to obtain a measured value
- a setting unit that sets the height position of the rotation tool based on the measured value obtained by the measuring unit, and the joining based on the height position. It is characterized by comprising a friction stirring main body portion for relatively moving the rotation tool that rotates along the portion.
- the height in the vicinity of the joint portion to be the joining portion formed by the first metal member and the second metal member arranged in the positional relationship in which the joining is performed by butt or overlapping is measured.
- the measuring unit further includes a fixing portion for fixing the first metal member to the gantry, and the measuring unit measures the first metal member in a state of being fixed to the pedestal to obtain the measured value.
- a fixing step of fixing the first metal member to the gantry is further provided, and in the measurement step, the first metal member fixed to the gantry is measured in the fixing step to obtain the measured value. Is preferable.
- first metal member and the fixing portion for fixing the second metal member to the gantry are further included, and the fixing portion joins the first metal member and the second metal member by abutting or overlapping each other.
- the first metal member and the second metal member in a state of being arranged in a positional relationship to form the joint portion are fixed to the gantry, and the measuring portion is the first metal member in a state of being fixed to the gantry. It is preferable to measure at least one of the second metal member and the second metal member to obtain the measured value.
- a fixing step of fixing the first metal member and the second metal member to the gantry is further provided, and in the fixing step, the first metal member and the second metal member are abutted or overlapped and joined.
- the first metal member and the second metal member in a state of being arranged in a positional relationship to form the joint portion are fixed to the gantry, and in the measurement step, the said state of being fixed to the gantry in the fixing step. It is preferable to measure at least one of the first metal member and the second metal member to obtain the measured value.
- the measuring unit is provided in the vicinity of the portion that holds the rotation tool.
- the setting unit sets the measured value at the height position.
- the rotation tool has a connecting portion connected to the rotation shaft of the friction stirring main body portion and a stirring pin hanging from the connecting portion, and the friction stirring main body portion connects the connecting portion from the joint portion. It is preferable to move the rotation tool relative to each other in a separated state.
- the setting unit sets the lowest value among the measured values at the height position.
- the rotation tool has a shoulder portion connected to the rotation shaft of the friction stirring main body portion and a stirring pin hanging from the shoulder portion, and the friction stirring main body portion has the shoulder portion and the stirring pin. It is preferable to move the rotating tool relative to the joint while in contact with the joint.
- the setting unit sets the average value of the measured values at the height position.
- the rotation tool has a connecting portion connected to the rotation shaft of the friction stirring main body portion and a stirring pin hanging from the connecting portion, and the friction stirring main body portion connects the connecting portion from the joint portion. It is preferable to move the rotation tool relative to each other in a separated state.
- the measured value is not included in the preset allowable range, it is preferable to reset the first metal member and the second metal member.
- the measured value is not included in the preset allowable range, it is preferable to specify that the first metal member and the second metal member are out of the allowable range.
- the joining device and the joining method according to the present invention it becomes easy to prevent a joining failure.
- the joining device 100 is a device for friction stir welding the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 by using a rotary tool F.
- the first metal member 1 has an opening 10 formed in the center, and a step portion 11 is formed along the peripheral edge of the opening 10.
- the step portion 11 has a step bottom surface 11a and a step side surface 11b rising from the step bottom surface 11a.
- the opening 10 exhibits a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view. The four corners of the opening 10 are round chamfered.
- the first metal member 1 is made of a metal that can be rubbed and joined, such as aluminum, an aluminum alloy, magnesium, a magnesium alloy, titanium, and a titanium alloy. In the present embodiment, the first metal member 1 is formed of a die-cast aluminum alloy cast material.
- the second metal member 2 has a plate shape that is substantially rectangular in a plan view.
- the second metal member 2 has a shape that is arranged in the step portion 11 with almost no gap.
- the plate thickness of the second metal member 2 is the same as or larger than the height dimension of the step side surface 11b. By setting the plate thickness dimension of the second metal member 2 to be larger than that of the step side surface 11b, it is possible to prevent the metal shortage of the joint portion J1 (see FIG. 5).
- the second metal member 2 may be any metal that can be friction-stir welded, but in the present embodiment, it is made of an aluminum alloy wrought material.
- the joining device 100 is a machining center in the present embodiment, and is a fixing portion 21a, 21b, a friction stir main body portion 22, a measuring portion 23, and a control device 24 (see FIG. 2). )
- the fixing portion 21a is a member (jig) for fixing the first metal member 1 to the gantry K.
- a plurality of fixing portions 21a are installed on the gantry K so that the periphery of the first metal member 1 can be restrained at a plurality of locations.
- the fixing portion 21b (see FIGS. 2 and 6) is a member (jig) for fixing the second metal member 2 to the gantry K.
- a plurality of fixing portions 21b are installed on the gantry K so that the periphery of the second metal member 2 can be restrained at a plurality of locations.
- the fixing portions 21a and 21b are electrically connected to the control device 24, and fix or release each metal member based on the control signal from the control device 24.
- the fixed portion 21a and the fixed portion 21b are not particularly distinguished, they will be collectively referred to as the fixed portion 21.
- the friction stir main body 22 is a portion inside which a rotation shaft to which the rotation tool F is attached is installed.
- the friction stir welding main body 22 is movable relative to the gantry K.
- the friction stir welding main body 22 relatively moves the rotation tool F based on the X position (horizontal position), Y position (vertical position) and Z position (height position) of the rotation tool F set in the setting unit described later. Let me.
- the measuring unit 23 is provided on the friction stir main body unit 22. That is, the measuring unit 23 is provided in the vicinity of the portion that holds the rotation tool F.
- a height measuring instrument such as a laser displacement meter can be used.
- the control device 24 includes a calculation unit 25 (CPU (Central Processing Unit)), an input unit 27 such as a keyboard and a touch panel, a display unit 28 such as a monitor and a display, a RAM (RandomAccessMemory), and a ROM (Read only memory). ) And the like.
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- input unit 27 such as a keyboard and a touch panel
- display unit 28 such as a monitor and a display
- RAM RandomAccessMemory
- ROM Read only memory
- the calculation unit 25 has a setting unit 26 as a functional element.
- the setting unit 26 is a portion for setting an instruction position (teaching position) for moving the rotation tool F.
- the designated position specifies the locus through which the rotation tool F passes by the coordinate position. That is, as the designated position, the X position (horizontal position), Y position (vertical position), and Z position (height position) of the rotation tool F can be set on the X, Y, and Z coordinate axes.
- the X position and the Y position of the indicated positions are preset in the setting unit 26, and the Z position (height position) is set based on the measured value and the setting program obtained by the measuring unit 23. It is configured to be.
- the measured value obtained by the measuring unit 23 is set to the Z position (height position) of the rotation tool F.
- Setting the measured value at the height position of the rotation tool F means setting the measured value and the height position in a one-to-one correspondence relationship.
- the measured value may be set as the height position of the position without changing the measured value at the position.
- the measured value at a certain position may be calculated to be shifted by a predetermined numerical value and set as the height position of the position. More specifically, for example, according to the relationship between the obtained measured value and the height position of the rotation tool F, the measured value at a certain position is added or subtracted by a numerical value of a desired width, and the value is used as the relevant value. It may be set as the height position of the position.
- the arithmetic unit 25 can read the setting program from the ROM, expand it in the RAM, and execute the setting program to function as the setting unit 26.
- the setting program is an optical disk such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read only memory) or a DVD-ROM (Digital Versatile Disc Read only memory); a recording medium such as a USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory or a flash memory such as an SD memory. It may be recorded on a DVD and distributed, or it may be distributed via a communication network such as the Internet or an intranet.
- the control device 24 can acquire and execute the setting program by reading the setting program from the recording medium or receiving the setting program via the communication network.
- the machining center is exemplified as the joining device 100, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the friction stir welding main body 22 may be attached to the tip of the robot arm.
- the joining device 100 is used to perform a first placement step, a first fixing step, a measurement step, a second placement step, a second fixing step, a setting step, and friction stirring. Perform the process.
- the first arrangement step is a step of arranging the first metal member 1 on the gantry K.
- the first fixing step is a step of clamping the first metal member 1 to the surface Ka of the gantry K, as shown in FIG.
- a plurality of fixing portions 21a provided on the gantry K restrain the first metal member 1 so as not to be movable with respect to the gantry K.
- the measuring step is a step of measuring the height of the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 by the measuring unit 23.
- the height from the reference point (for example, the surface Ka of the gantry K) to the measurement point is measured.
- the height in the vicinity of the joint portion J1 (see FIG. 5), which is a joint portion formed by the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 is measured.
- the heights of measurement points P1 to P8 set at predetermined intervals around the outer side of the opening edge 1e on the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 are measured.
- eight measurement points are set in the present embodiment, the number of measurement points is not limited and may be set at a single number or a plurality of points.
- the friction stirring main body portion 22 (measurement portion 23) is made to go around along the opening edge 1e while keeping the rotary tool F and the joint portion J1 apart, and the heights of the measurement points P1 to P8 are continuously adjusted. measure.
- the measured measured value is stored in the storage unit 29 of the control device 24 in relation to each measurement point.
- the second arrangement step is a step of arranging the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 in a positional relationship for joining, as shown in FIG.
- the first metal member 1 and the second metal member may be arranged in a positional relationship in which they are abutted against each other and joined, or they may be arranged in a positional relationship in which they are overlapped and joined, or they are abutted and overlapped and joined. It may be arranged in the positional relationship in which the above is performed.
- the step side surface 11b of the first metal member 1 and the side surface 2a of the second metal member 2 are butted against each other, and the step bottom surface 11a and the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2 are overlapped and joined. Part J1 is formed.
- the joint portion J1 is a portion to be friction-stir-welded by the rotary tool F in the friction-stir welding step described later.
- the second fixing step is a step of clamping the second metal member 2 to the surface Ka of the gantry K, as shown in FIG.
- a plurality of fixing portions 21b provided on the gantry K restrain the second metal member 2 so as not to be movable with respect to the gantry K.
- the setting step is a step of setting the height position of the rotation tool F based on the measured value obtained in the measuring step and the setting program.
- the X position and the Y position of the rotation tool F are set in advance as described above.
- the obtained measured value is set to the height position as it is.
- the friction stir welding step is a step of performing friction stir welding by relatively moving the rotary tool F along the joint portion J1 based on the set value set in the setting step.
- the rotation tool F includes a connecting portion F1 and a stirring pin F2.
- the connecting portion F1 is a portion attached to the rotating shaft built in the friction stir main body portion 22, and exhibits a columnar shape.
- the stirring pin F2 protrudes (hangs down) from the tip end surface (lower end surface) of the connecting portion F1 toward the tip end side, and is tapered.
- a flat surface F3 perpendicular to the rotation center axis C is formed at the tip of the stirring pin F2.
- the connecting portion F1 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be a truncated cone shape whose diameter decreases toward the tip side. In this case, the diameter of the tip portion of the connecting portion F1 and the diameter of the base end portion of the stirring pin F2 are the same.
- the friction stirring main body portion 22 inserts only the rotating stirring pin F2 into the joint portion in a state where the connecting portion F1 is separated from the joint portion J1 to relatively move the rotation tool F.
- the stirring pin reference point F4 is set at a predetermined height from the flat surface F3 on the rotation center axis C of the stirring pin F2 which is the center of rotation.
- the predetermined height is set to 2.5 mm.
- the insertion depth is the distance from the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 to the flat surface F3 of the stirring pin F2.
- the distance from the flat surface F3 to the stirring pin reference point F4 can be appropriately set based on the insertion depth, the measured value obtained in the measuring step, and the like.
- a spiral groove is engraved on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2.
- the spiral groove is formed counterclockwise from the proximal end side to the distal end side when the rotation tool F is rotated clockwise, and counterclockwise from the proximal end side toward the distal end side when the rotation tool F is rotated clockwise.
- the stirring pin F2 is inserted into the start position SP1 set on the joint portion J1, and the rotation tool F rotated along the joint portion J1 is applied to the second metal member 2. And move it relative to the clockwise direction.
- the fixing portion 21b is configured to stand up immediately before the rotation tool F passes, based on the control signal from the control device 24, and to fix the second metal member 2 again after passing. This makes it possible to prevent interference between the fixed portion 21b and the rotation tool F.
- a plasticized region W is formed in the movement locus of the rotation tool F.
- the position of the rotation tool F is controlled so that the height position of the stirring pin reference point F4 of the rotation tool F becomes the set value (X position, Y position, Z position) set in the setting step.
- the position of the rotation tool F is moved up and down so that the Z direction is the height position shown in FIG. That is, at the position corresponding to the measurement point P1 in the joint portion J1, the stirring pin reference point F4 is controlled to be located at a position 4.8 mm in the height direction from the surface Ka of the gantry K.
- the stirring pin reference point F4 is controlled to be located at a position 5.0 mm in the height direction from the surface Ka of the gantry K.
- the height position of the rotation tool F is controlled so that the height position of the stirring pin reference point F4 gradually rises by 0.2 mm from the measurement point P1 to the measurement point P2.
- the stirring pin reference point F4 is controlled to be located at a position 5.4 mm in the height direction from the surface Ka of the gantry K.
- the height position of the rotation tool F is controlled so that the height position of the stirring pin reference point F4 gradually rises by 0.4 mm from the measurement point P2 to the measurement point P3.
- the stirring pin reference point F4 is controlled to be located at a position 5.7 mm in the height direction from the surface Ka of the gantry K.
- the height position of the rotation tool F is controlled so that the height position of the stirring pin reference point F5 gradually rises by 0.3 mm from the measurement point P3 to the measurement point P4.
- the stirring pin reference point F4 is controlled to be located at a position 5.5 mm in the height direction from the surface Ka of the gantry K.
- the height position of the rotation tool F is controlled so that the height position of the stirring pin reference point F4 gradually decreases by 0.2 mm from the measurement point P4 to the measurement point P5.
- the rotation tool F While raising and lowering the height position of the rotation tool F in the same procedure, when the rotation tool F reaches the end position EP1 set in the joint portion J1, the rotation tool F is detached from the joint portion J1.
- the friction stir welding step it is preferable that the start end and the end end of the plasticized region W overlap in this way. This makes it possible to improve watertightness and airtightness.
- the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 can be friction-stir welded.
- the height in the vicinity of the joining portion J1 before joining in the set state is measured, and the height position (insertion depth) of the rotation tool F is based on the measurement result.
- the height position of the rotation tool F can be changed according to the height of the joint portion J1 in the set state, and pseudo load control can be performed. Therefore, even when the height of the joint portion J1 changes, the insertion depth of the rotation tool F can be kept constant, and it becomes easy to prevent a joint failure.
- the measured value is set as it is as the height position of the rotation tool F, and the height position of the rotation tool F is raised or lowered based on the set value.
- the depth of the plasticized region W (the insertion depth of the stirring pin F2) can be made constant.
- the joint strength of the joint portion J1 can be made substantially constant over the circumferential direction.
- the measured value may be set to the height position as it is, the height position (set value) can be easily set.
- the type (shape) of the rotation tool F may be any, but in this joining method, only the stirring pin F2 is connected to the joining portion J1 with the connecting portion F1 and the joining portion J1 separated from each other. Insert into and perform friction stir welding.
- the width of the plasticized region can be reduced as compared with the case where the shoulder portion of the rotating tool is pushed in, and the pushing pressure of the rotating tool can be reduced.
- the load applied to the friction stirr can be reduced as compared with the case where the shoulder portion of the rotary tool is pushed in.
- the deep position of the butt portion can be joined without applying a large load to the friction stir welder.
- the measured value is set as it is as the height position of the rotation tool F, and the height position of the rotation tool F is raised and lowered based on the set value to perform joining. Even if the position of the member 1 or the second metal member 2 is displaced from the position in the measurement process, or the position of the stirring pin F2 is displaced from the height position set in the setting process, the joining failure still occurs. It is unlikely to occur.
- a fixing portion 21a for fixing the first metal member 1 to the gantry K is provided, and a measurement step of measuring the first metal member 1 in a state of being fixed to the gantry K is performed.
- the height of the first metal member 1 from which the height position is measured can be accurately measured in a state close to that at the time of joining, so that it becomes easier to prevent poor joining.
- the measuring unit 23 is provided at a position away from the rotation tool F, the position will be displaced between the measured position and the joint position, and the height measurement will be easily displaced.
- the height position can be measured in a state close to the joined state. That is, in the present embodiment, since the measuring unit 23 is provided in the front portion of the friction stir welding main body 22 in the traveling direction, the height position can be measured in a state close to the joined state.
- the first placement step, the first fixing step, the measurement step, the second placement step, and the second fixing step are performed in this order, and only the first metal member 1 is mounted on the gantry K.
- the case where the measurement process is performed after fixing to the above is illustrated and described. Even if the first placement step and the first fixing step, the second placement step and the second fixing step are performed, and both the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are fixed to the gantry K, and then the measurement step is performed. good.
- the height of the surface in the vicinity of the joint portion J1 may be measured at least one of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 fixed to the gantry K. Even in this way, since the height can be accurately measured in a state close to the time of joining, it becomes easier to prevent poor joining.
- the positions of the measurement points are the arrangement and fixing order of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2, the arrangement relationship between the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2, and the first metal member 1 and the second metal member. It may be appropriately set according to the position of the joint portion J1 with 2. In particular, it is preferable to set the position of the measurement point to a place where the influence on the joining is large. Further, the order of the arrangement step, the fixing step, and the measurement step may be appropriately changed according to the position of the measurement point.
- the step side surface 11b of the first metal member 1 and the side surface 2a of the second metal member 2 are butted against each other, and the step bottom surface 11a and the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2 overlap each other.
- the joint portion J1 is formed at a portion where the stepped side surface 11b of the first metal member 1 and the side surface 2a of the second metal member 2 are butted against each other.
- the peripheral edge portion 2d (see FIG. 5) on the surface 2b of the second metal member 2 may be used as the measurement point.
- the first placement step, the first fixing step, the second placement step, the second fixing step, and the measurement step are performed in this order. It is preferable to perform the measurement step after fixing the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 to the gantry K. That is, it is preferable to perform the measurement step after fixing the position where the height position is to be measured.
- the step side surface 11b of the first metal member 1 and the side surface 2a of the second metal member 2 are butted against each other, and the step bottom surface 11a and the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2 are overlapped with each other.
- the joint portion J2 is formed at the portion where the step bottom surface 11a and the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2 are overlapped with each other, the step bottom surface of the first metal member 1 is in the vicinity of the joint portion J2.
- 11a may be set as the measurement point P0 .
- the first placement step, the first fixing step, the measurement step, the second placement step, and the second fixing step are performed in this order, and only the first metal member 1 is fixed to the gantry K and then the measurement step. Need to be done.
- the rotation tool G has a shoulder portion G1 and a stirring pin G2.
- the shoulder portion G1 is a portion where the base end portion is attached to the rotation shaft of the friction stir welding main body portion 22, and is a portion where the bottom surface G1a presses the bonded member in a state of being in contact with the bonded member.
- the shoulder portion G1 is formed in a columnar shape whose diameter is expanded from the base end portion of the stirring pin G2, and has a flat and ring-shaped tip surface. That is, the tip of the stirring pin G2 projects from the tip surface of the shoulder portion G1 toward the tip side. In other words, the stirring pin G2 hangs down from the bottom surface G1a of the shoulder portion G1.
- the shape of the shoulder portion G1 is not limited to a columnar shape, and may have a frustum-shaped or mortar-shaped tip surface.
- the stirring pin G2 is a portion that is inserted into the member to be welded while rotating to perform frictional stirring on the member to be welded.
- the stirring pin G2 hangs down from the bottom surface G1a of the shoulder portion G1 and exhibits a truncated cone shape.
- the tip of the stirring pin G2 is tapered toward the tip.
- the tip of the tip of the stirring pin G2 is a flat surface G3 having a flat surface orthogonal to the axial direction.
- a shoulder portion G1 is integrally formed at the base end portion of the stirring pin G2.
- a spiral groove is engraved on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring pin G2.
- the spiral groove is formed counterclockwise from the proximal end side to the distal end side when the rotation tool G is rotated clockwise, and counterclockwise from the proximal end side toward the distal end side when the rotation tool G is rotated clockwise.
- the friction stir main body 22 relatively moves the rotation tool G in a state where the shoulder portion G1 and the stirring pin G2 are in contact with the joining portion J1.
- the stirring pin reference point G4 is set at a predetermined height from the flat surface G3 of the stirring pin G2 on the rotation center axis C which is the center of rotation.
- the predetermined height is set to 2.5 mm.
- the insertion depth is the distance from the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 to the flat surface G3 of the stirring pin G2.
- the distance from the flat surface G3 to the stirring pin reference point G4 can be appropriately set based on the insertion depth, the measured value obtained in the measuring step, and the like.
- the friction stir welding step friction stir welding is performed along the joint portion J1 in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment.
- the position of the rotation tool G is controlled so that the height position of the stirring pin reference point G4 of the rotation tool G becomes the set value (X position, Y position, Z position) set in the setting step.
- the position of the rotation tool G is moved up and down so that the Z direction is the height position shown in FIG. That is, at the position corresponding to the measurement point P1 in the joint portion J1, the rotation tool is rotated along the joint portion J1 so that the stirring pin reference point G4 is located at a position 4.8 mm in the height direction from the surface Ka of the gantry K. Move G relative to each other. At this time, the bottom surface G1a of the shoulder portion G1 comes into contact with the surfaces 1b and 2b of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2.
- the rotary tool G provided with the shoulder portion G1 and the stir pin G2 may be used. According to the rotation tool G, since the plastic fluid material can be pressed by the bottom surface G1a of the shoulder portion G1, it becomes easy to suppress the generation of burrs.
- the first placement step, the first fixing step, the measurement step, the second placement step, the second fixing step, the setting step, and the friction stirring step are performed.
- the front surface 1b of the first metal member 1 and the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2 are overlapped to form a joint portion (superposition portion) J3. It is formed.
- the measuring unit 23 is run along the position corresponding to the joint portion J3 to measure the height of the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 before arranging the second metal member.
- the position to be measured is preferably in the vicinity of the joint portion J3. Therefore, in this modification, it is preferable to measure the height of the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 at or near the planned traveling position S1 in which the rotation tool F travels in the friction stir welding step.
- the laminated first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are fixed to the gantry K via the fixing portion 21.
- the height position of the rotation tool F is set based on the measured value obtained in the measurement process.
- the measured value is set as it is at the height position of the rotation tool F.
- the stirring pin F2 is vertically inserted from the surface 2b of the second metal member 2 to the surface 2b of the second metal member 2 using the rotary tool F, and the joint portion (superposition portion) J3 is joined. do.
- the height position of the rotary tool F in the friction stir welding step is controlled in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment.
- the insertion depth of the stirring pin F2 of the rotation tool F may be appropriately set, but it is preferably set so as to reach the surface 1b of the first metal member 1.
- the joint portion J3 may be friction-stir welded by using the rotation tool G instead of the rotation tool F.
- the height of the part that is the target position where the rotation tool is inserted and that affects the joining state is measured, and the height position (insertion depth) of the rotation tool F is controlled based on the measurement result. do.
- the rotation tool F is inserted so as to reach the surface 1b of the first metal member 1, and the superposed portion is joined, so that it becomes easy to prevent a joining failure.
- the first placement step, the second placement step, the fixing step, the measurement step, the setting step, and the friction stirring step are performed.
- a joint portion (inner corner portion) J4 is formed between the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 and the side surface 2a of the second metal member 2. ..
- the superposed first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are fixed to the gantry K via the fixing portion 21.
- the measurement unit 23 is run along the joint portion J4 to measure the height of the surface 1b of the first metal member 1.
- the position to be measured is preferably in the vicinity of the joint portion J4. Therefore, in this modification, the planned traveling position S2 located at the inside corner formed by the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 and the side surface 2a of the second metal member 2 on which the rotary tool F travels in the friction stir welding step. It is preferable to measure the height in or near it.
- the height position of the rotation tool F is set based on the measured value obtained in the measurement process.
- the measured value is set as it is at the height position of the rotation tool F.
- the rotation tool F is inserted diagonally from the joint portion (inner corner portion) J4 using the rotation tool F, and the joint portion J4 is friction stir welded.
- the height position of the rotary tool F in the friction stir welding step is controlled in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment.
- the setting step is different from the above-described embodiment.
- the lowest value among the measured values may be set as the height position of the rotation tools F and G.
- the rotation tools F and G are set so that the stirring pin reference points F4 and G4 of the rotation tools F and G are at a height of 4.8 mm from the surface Ka of the gantry K. Move relative to each other. That is, in this case, after setting the height positions of the rotation tools F and G, the rotation tools F and G are relatively moved at a constant height without moving the rotation tools F and G up and down.
- the height positions of the rotation tools F and G can be easily set. Further, by setting the lowest value among the measured values as the height position, the rotation tools F and G are inserted according to the depth of the lowest point in the joint portion. As a result, even when the height of the joint portion changes, frictional agitation can be performed including the joint portion at the lowest position, which is easier to prevent than a poor joint.
- either rotation tool may be used as the rotation tool, but it is preferable to use the rotation tool G. Since the height position of the rotation tool is set to the minimum value of the measured value, the plastic fluid material can always be pressed by the shoulder portion G1, and it becomes easy to prevent a large amount of burrs from being generated.
- the average value of the measured values may be set as the height position of the rotation tools F and G.
- the rotation tools F and G since the average value is about 5.3 mm, the rotation tools F and G so that the stirring pin reference points F4 and G4 of the rotation tools F and G are at a height of 5.3 mm from the surface Ka of the gantry K. Relatively move. That is, also in this case, once the height positions of the rotation tools F and G are set, the rotation tools F and G are relatively moved at a constant height without raising and lowering the rotation tools F and G.
- the height positions of the rotation tools F and G can be easily set.
- either rotation tool may be used as the rotation tool, but it is preferable to use the rotation tool F.
- the rotation tool F When the rotation tool F is used, only the stirring pin F2 comes into contact with the joint portion, so that the tolerance for the change in the height of the joint portion is relatively high as compared with the case where the rotation tool G is used. Is.
- the height position of the rotation tool F is set to the average value of the measured values and the height position of the rotation tool F is raised and lowered based on the set value to perform joining, the variation of each measured value is large. In some cases, the position of the first metal member 1 or the second metal member 2 is displaced from the position in the measurement process, or the position of the stirring pin F2 is displaced from the height position set in the setting process. However, poor joining is unlikely to occur.
- the fifth modification is different from the other modifications in that the allowable range is set based on the measured value.
- the allowable range of the measured value of the height is set.
- the allowable range is set to 4.8 to 5.5 mm.
- the control device 24 includes a determination unit (not shown) for determining whether or not the measured value obtained by the measurement unit 23 is included in a preset allowable range.
- the control device 24 determines that the measured value obtained in the measurement step is within the preset allowable range (determination step)
- the control device 24 shifts to the second arrangement step as it is. do.
- the control device determines the first metal member 1 (first metal member 1 and second metal member 2). Outputs a reset signal that is temporarily removed from the gantry K. After resetting the first metal member 1 (first metal member 1 and second metal member 2) on the gantry K, the measurement step and the determination step are performed again.
- the height of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 is one of the important factors. No matter how you control G, there is a high risk of poor joining. However, according to this modification, by providing an allowable range in the heights of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2, it becomes easier to prevent poor joining.
- the control device 24 determines that the measured value obtained in the measurement step is out of the preset allowable range (determination step)
- the first metal member 1 first metal member 1 and first.
- the metal member 2 may be specified as a non-permissible product and stored in the storage unit 29. According to the present invention, it becomes easier to prevent poor joining and quality control can be easily performed.
- First metal member 2 Second metal member 21a, 21b Fixed part 22 Friction stirring body part 23 Measuring part P1 to P8 Measuring points F Rotating tool F1 Connecting part F2 Stirring pin G Rotating tool G1 Shoulder part G2 Stirring pin
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Abstract
Description
また、前記第一金属部材を架台に固定する固定工程をさらに備え、前記測定工程では、前記固定工程において前記架台に固定された状態の前記第一金属部材を測定して前記測定値を得ることが好ましい。
また、前記第一金属部材及び前記第二金属部材を架台に固定する固定工程をさらに備え、前記固定工程では、前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材とを突き合わせ又は重ね合わせて接合を行う位置関係に配置して前記接合部を形成した状態の前記第一金属部材及び前記第二金属部材を架台に固定して、前記測定工程では、前記固定工程において前記架台に固定された状態の前記第一金属部材及び第二金属部材の少なくとも一方を測定して前記測定値を得ることが好ましい。
[1-1.接合装置]
図1に示すように、本発明の実施形態に係る接合装置100は、第一金属部材1と第二金属部材2とを回転ツールFを用いて摩擦攪拌接合する装置である。
本実施形態に係る接合方法では、接合装置100を用いて、第一配置工程と、第一固定工程と、測定工程と、第二配置工程と、第二固定工程と、設定工程と、摩擦攪拌工程とを行う。
第一配置工程は、第一金属部材1を架台K上に配置する工程である。
以上説明した接合方法及び接合装置によれば、セットされた状態の接合前の接合部J1の近傍の高さを測定し、その測定結果に基づいて回転ツールFの高さ位置(挿入深さ)を制御する。これにより、セット状態の接合部J1の高さにあわせて回転ツールFの高さ位置を変化させることができ、疑似的な荷重制御を行うことができる。したがって、接合部J1の高さが変化した場合であっても、回転ツールFの挿入深さを一定に保つことができ、接合不良となるのを防ぎやすくなる。
ここで、例えば、上述した実施形態では、第一配置工程、第一固定工程、測定工程、第二配置工程、及び第二固定工程を、この順で行い、第一金属部材1のみを架台Kに固定してから測定工程を行う場合を例示して説明した。第一配置工程及び第一固定工程と、第二配置工程及び第二固定工程を行い、第一金属部材1及び第二金属部材2の両方を架台Kに固定した後に、測定工程を行ってもよい。この際、測定工程では、架台Kに固定された状態の第一金属部材1及び第二金属部材2の少なくとも一方において接合部J1近傍の表面の高さを測定すればよい。このようにしても、接合時に近い状態で高さを正確に測定することができるため、接合不良をより防ぎやすくなる。
次に、前記した実施形態の第一変形例について説明する。第一変形例では、図9に示すように、回転ツールGを用いる点で前記した実施形態と相違する。第一変形例では、前記した実施形態と相違する部分を中心に説明する。
ショルダ部G1は基端部が摩擦攪拌本体部22の回転軸に取り付けられる部位であって、底面G1aが被接合部材に当接した状態で被接合部材を押圧する部位である。ショルダ部G1は、攪拌ピンG2の基端部から拡径する円柱状に形成されており、平面状且つリング状の先端面を備えている。つまり、ショルダ部G1の先端面から攪拌ピンG2の先端部が先端側に向かって突出している。言い換えれば、攪拌ピンG2がショルダ部G1の底面G1aから垂下している。ショルダ部G1の形状は、円柱状に限定されるものではなく、錐台状ですり鉢状の先端面を備えていてもよい。
図9に示すように、回転の中心となる回転中心軸線Cにおいて、攪拌ピンG2の平坦面G3から所定の高さで攪拌ピン基準点G4を設定している。本実施形態では、例えば、挿入深さを2.5mmに設定しているため、当該所定の高さを2.5mmに設定している。挿入深さとは、第一金属部材1の表面1bから攪拌ピンG2の平坦面G3までの距離である。なお、平坦面G3から攪拌ピン基準点G4までの距離は挿入深さや測定工程で得られた測定値等に基づいて適宜設定することができる。
次に、前記した実施形態の第二変形例について説明する。第二変形例では、図10に示すように、第一金属部材1と第二金属部材2とを重ね合わせる点で前記した実施形態と相違する。第二変形例では、前記した実施形態と相違する部分を中心に説明する。
次に、前記した実施形態の第三変形例について説明する。第三変形例では、図11に示すように、第一金属部材1と第二金属部材2とを重ね合わせる点で前記した実施形態と相違する。第三変形例では、前記した実施形態と相違する部分を中心に説明する。
次に、本実施形態の第四変形例について説明する。第四変形例では、設定工程が前記した実施形態と相違する。第四変形例に係る設定工程では、例えば図3の測定値が得られた場合に、測定値のうち最低値を回転ツールF,Gの高さ位置として設定してもよい。図3の場合、最低値は4.8mmであるため、回転ツールF,Gの攪拌ピン基準点F4,G4が架台Kの表面Kaから4.8mmの高さとなるように回転ツールF,Gを相対移動させる。つまり、この場合は、回転ツールF,Gの高さ位置を設定したら、回転ツールF,Gを昇降させずに、一定の高さで回転ツールF,Gを相対移動させる。
次に、前記した実施形態の第五変形例について説明する。第五変形例では、測定値に基づいて許容範囲を設定する点で他の変形例と相違する。当該変形例では、高さの測定値の許容範囲を設定している。例えば、図3の測定値においては、許容範囲を4.8~5.5mmに設定する。制御装置24は、測定部23で得られた測定値が予め設定された許容範囲内に含まれるか否かを判定する判定部(図示省略)を備えている。
2 第二金属部材
21a,21b 固定部
22 摩擦攪拌本体部
23 測定部
P1~P8 測定点
F 回転ツール
F1 連結部
F2 攪拌ピン
G 回転ツール
G1 ショルダ部
G2 攪拌ピン
Claims (15)
- 突き合わせ又は重ね合わせて接合を行う位置関係に配置された第一金属部材と第二金属部材とによって形成される接合を行う部位となる接合部の近傍の高さを測定して測定値を得る測定部と、
前記測定部で得られた前記測定値に基づいて回転ツールの高さ位置を設定する設定部と、
前記高さ位置に基づいて前記接合部に沿って回転する前記回転ツールを相対移動させる摩擦攪拌本体部と、を備える、
ことを特徴とする接合装置。 - 前記第一金属部材を架台に固定する固定部をさらに備え、
前記測定部は、前記架台に固定された状態の前記第一金属部材を測定して前記測定値を得る、
請求項1に記載の接合装置。 - 前記第一金属部材及び前記第二金属部材を架台に固定する固定部をさらに備え、
前記固定部は、前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材とを突き合わせ又は重ね合わせて接合を行う位置関係に配置して前記接合部を形成した状態の前記第一金属部材及び前記第二金属部材を架台に固定して、
前記測定部は、前記架台に固定された状態の前記第一金属部材及び第二金属部材の少なくとも一方を測定して前記測定値を得る、
請求項1に記載の接合装置。 - 前記測定部は、前記回転ツールを保持する部位の近傍に設けられている、
請求項1に記載の接合装置。 - 前記設定部は、前記測定値を前記高さ位置に設定する、
請求項1に記載の接合装置。 - 前記回転ツールは、前記摩擦攪拌本体部の回転軸に連結される連結部と、前記連結部から垂下する攪拌ピンとを有し、
前記摩擦攪拌本体部は、前記連結部を前記接合部から離間させた状態で、前記攪拌ピンのみを前記接合部に挿入して、前記回転ツールを相対移動させる、
請求項5に記載の接合装置。 - 前記設定部は、前記測定値のうち最低値を前記高さ位置に設定する、
請求項1に記載の接合装置。 - 前記回転ツールは、前記摩擦攪拌本体部の回転軸に連結されるショルダ部と、前記ショルダ部から垂下する攪拌ピンとを有し、
前記摩擦攪拌本体部は、前記ショルダ部と前記攪拌ピンとを前記接合部に接触させた状態で前記回転ツールを相対移動させる、
請求項7に記載の接合装置。 - 前記設定部は、前記測定値の平均値を前記高さ位置に設定する、
請求項1に記載の接合装置。 - 前記回転ツールは、前記摩擦攪拌本体部の回転軸に連結される連結部と、前記連結部から垂下する攪拌ピンとを有し、
前記摩擦攪拌本体部は、前記連結部を前記接合部から離間させた状態で、前記攪拌ピンのみを前記接合部に挿入して、前記回転ツールを相対移動させる、
請求項9に記載の接合装置。 - 前記測定値が、予め設定された許容範囲に含まれない場合、前記第一金属部材及び前記第二金属部材を再セットすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の接合装置。
- 前記測定値が、予め設定された許容範囲に含まれない場合、当該第一金属部材及び前記第二金属部材を許容範囲外品であると特定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の接合装置。
- 突き合わせ又は重ね合わせて接合を行う位置関係に配置された第一金属部材と第二金属部材とによって形成される接合を行う部位となる接合部の近傍の高さを測定して測定値を得る測定工程と、
前記測定工程で得られた前記測定値に基づいて回転ツールの高さ位置を設定する設定工程と、
前記設定工程で設定した前記高さ位置に基づいて前記接合部に沿って回転する前記回転ツールを相対移動させる摩擦攪拌工程と、を備える、
ことを特徴とする接合方法。 - 前記第一金属部材を架台に固定する固定工程をさらに備え、
前記測定工程では、前記固定工程において前記架台に固定された状態の前記第一金属部材を測定して前記測定値を得る、
請求項13に記載の接合方法。 - 前記第一金属部材及び前記第二金属部材を架台に固定する固定工程をさらに備え、
前記固定工程では、前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材とを突き合わせ又は重ね合わせて接合を行う位置関係に配置して前記接合部を形成した状態の前記第一金属部材及び前記第二金属部材を架台に固定して、
前記測定工程では、前記固定工程において前記架台に固定された状態の前記第一金属部材及び第二金属部材の少なくとも一方を測定して前記測定値を得る、
請求項13に記載の接合方法。
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