WO2022110437A1 - 风挡雨刷装置及风挡清洗系统 - Google Patents

风挡雨刷装置及风挡清洗系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022110437A1
WO2022110437A1 PCT/CN2020/139287 CN2020139287W WO2022110437A1 WO 2022110437 A1 WO2022110437 A1 WO 2022110437A1 CN 2020139287 W CN2020139287 W CN 2020139287W WO 2022110437 A1 WO2022110437 A1 WO 2022110437A1
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Prior art keywords
wiper
wiper blade
windshield
stage
blade
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PCT/CN2020/139287
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
丁媛媛
曾飞雄
孟华
白斌
谭正文
Original Assignee
中国商用飞机有限责任公司
中国商用飞机有限责任公司上海飞机设计研究院
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Publication of WO2022110437A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022110437A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
    • B64C1/14—Windows; Doors; Hatch covers or access panels; Surrounding frame structures; Canopies; Windscreens accessories therefor, e.g. pressure sensors, water deflectors, hinges, seals, handles, latches, windscreen wipers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
    • B64C1/14—Windows; Doors; Hatch covers or access panels; Surrounding frame structures; Canopies; Windscreens accessories therefor, e.g. pressure sensors, water deflectors, hinges, seals, handles, latches, windscreen wipers
    • B64C1/1476—Canopies; Windscreens or similar transparent elements
    • B64C1/1484—Windows

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a two-stage windshield wiper device for an aircraft, which can increase the wiping area of the windshield and improve the clarity of the pilot's field of vision.
  • the invention also relates to a windshield washer system comprising the windshield wiper device.
  • the windshield wiper system of modern aircraft is usually used in the stages of taxiing, take-off, landing, and landing of the aircraft, and is an indispensable device to ensure a clear vision for the pilot.
  • Windshield wipers can remove rainwater, pollutants, dust, insects, etc. on the surface of the windshield during operation.
  • the windshield wiper system in the prior art cannot meet the requirements of wiping to all the pilot's field of view protection area. requirements.
  • these areas that cannot be wiped by the windshield wipers are located in the pilot's upper and right borders of the field of view. As schematically shown in FIG.
  • the windshield wipers stop at the side edge R of the aircraft windshield 200 when not in operation, but can also be placed along the lower window frame according to actual conditions.
  • the windshield wiper 100 will reciprocate between the wiping start position S and the wiping end position E, thereby forming a wiper wiping area A.
  • the visual field demand area V of the pilot obviously has an area beyond the wiping area A, such as the upper right position shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the field of view of the pilot will be limited due to the attitude of the aircraft.
  • it encounters heavy rain or pollutants attached to the surface of the windshield, it will seriously interfere with the pilot's field of vision, thereby affecting the pilot's judgment and control, and then causing unsafe factors.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a two-stage windshield wiper device, and another purpose of the present invention is to provide a windshield washer system including the windshield wiper device.
  • a windshield wiper device comprising: a wiper arm; a motor that drives the wiper arm to reciprocate around a fixed pivot point; a wiper blade attached to the wiper arm, Wiping the windshield with the reciprocating motion of the wiper arm, wherein the wiper blade is a two-section structure, including a first-section wiper blade and a second-section wiper blade, and the first-section wiper blade and the second-section wiper blade are connected via a pivot device; and a control device; , the control device is attached to the motor and the pivoting device, so that the motor can drive the pivoting device by means of the control device, thereby enabling the two-section wiper blade to surround the pivoting device in the retracted state where the first-stage wiper blade is attached and formed with the first-stage wiper blade Rotate between the unfolded states of the angle.
  • the two-stage wiper blade when the windshield wiper is operated, the two-stage wiper blade can rotate around the pivot device to an expanded state at an angle with the first-stage wiper blade, thereby expanding the wiping effect of the windshield wiper as required.
  • the brushing range enables its wiping area to cover the pilot's visual demand area, eliminating safety risks during flight due to unwiped windshield surfaces.
  • the control device may further include an actuating member, a pulling member and a reset device, the actuating member can be actuated by the motor to rotate the second-stage wiper blade to the deployed state by means of the pulling member, and The reset device exerts a reset force on the second-stage wiper blade to restore the second-stage wiper blade to the retracted state.
  • the actuating member can be actuated by the motor to rotate the second-stage wiper blade to the deployed state by means of the pulling member
  • the reset device exerts a reset force on the second-stage wiper blade to restore the second-stage wiper blade to the retracted state.
  • the reset device can include a reset spring
  • the reset spring can be arranged between the first-stage wiper blade and the second-stage wiper edge
  • the second-stage wiper blade is applied on the second-stage wiper edge to retract the second-stage wiper edge. Restoring force for state return.
  • the reset means may alternatively comprise a buffer spring and a rigid link, wherein one end of the link is attached to the pivoting means and the other end of the link pivots against the proximity of the buffer spring one end of the device.
  • the buffer spring can also function as a reset device, that is, due to its elastic deformation, There is a restoring force acting on the connecting rod to return the second-stage wiper blade to the retracted state by means of the connecting rod.
  • the pivoting means may comprise a disk-shaped pivot member rotatably fixed to an end of a segment of the wiper blade remote from the pivot point, the link being pivotably attached to the disk-shaped pivot The edge of the pivot member, and one end of the two-segment wiper blade is fixedly attached to the edge of the disc pivot member opposite the link.
  • the pivoting of the disc pivot is actuated by the link so that the two-stage wiper blade is pivoted to the desired angled position (ie, the desired deployed state) relative to the one-end wiper blade, and is able to interact with the aforementioned link.
  • the second-stage wiper blade can be restored to the retracted state close to the first-stage wiper blade when the second-stage wiper blade is not needed or when the wiper is stopped.
  • the pivoting device may further comprise a fork and a fastener, the fork being shaped to receive the disc-shaped pivot and attach to a section of the wiper blade remote from the pivot point One end wherein the yoke and disk pivot have openings into which the fastener can be inserted to allow the disk pivot to freely rotate in the yoke about the fastener.
  • the disk-shaped pivoting member is easy to rotate freely around the fastener, and on the other hand, the structure is simple and reliable.
  • the fastener includes a bolt and a nut matched with the bolt, and the bolt is matched with the disk-shaped pivoting member
  • the circumferential surface of the part is smooth.
  • the actuating member may be in the form of a pulley, and the pulling member includes a cable, the motor being able to drive the pulley to rotate, wherein one end of the cable is attached to the pulley and the other end of the cable is attached to the pulley. Attached to the pivoting device so that rotation of the pulley can rotate the pivoting device via the cable.
  • the cable can be conveniently passed through the corresponding structure in the wiper arm in the prior art, and the cable can be pulled reliably through the pulley, thereby driving the pivoting device to rotate, so that there is no need for the prior art.
  • the wiper arm has undergone major structural changes, making it easier to implement the windscreen wiper device according to the invention.
  • the expansion angle of the second-stage wiper blade can be set by the length of the connecting rod and the cable, it is very convenient to adjust the angle, and then the wiping area of the wiper can be easily adjusted to meet the needs of different vision protection areas.
  • the windshield wiper device according to the present invention can be arranged such that the second-stage wiper blade is in a retracted state in the wiper parking position, and between the wiper wiping start position and the wiper termination position During this time, the second-stage wiper blade is in an unfolded state. Therefore, when the windshield wiper device is not in operation, the pilot's field of vision is affected as little as possible, and at the same time, by spreading between the wiper starting position and the wiping end position, a wiping area with a maximum range can be achieved.
  • a windshield washer system is also provided, and the windshield washer system may include a nozzle device, a controller, and the windshield wiper device according to the above aspect.
  • the windshield washer system can wipe the upper boundary area of the pilot's visual field by means of the two-section wiper blade extending relative to the first-section wiper blade, which greatly increases the windshield wiping area.
  • the second wiper blade can be retracted and attached to one side of the wiper blade to reduce interference to the pilot.
  • the windshield wiper device of the present invention realizes the increase of the wiper area of the windshield, and is easy to install, implement and maintain, thereby reducing the maintenance and maintenance costs of the aircraft.
  • FIG. 1 is an illustrative schematic diagram showing a wiping area of a prior art windshield wiper device on a windshield of an aircraft;
  • FIG. 2 is an illustrative schematic diagram of a windshield wiper device according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, wherein schematic diagrams of a stowed state and a partially stowed state are respectively shown;
  • FIG. 3 is an illustrative cross-sectional view of a windshield wiper device according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, wherein a schematic cross-sectional view through a pivot axis of the pivot device is also shown;
  • FIG. 4 is an illustrative perspective view of a windshield wiper device according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, viewed from one angle;
  • FIG. 5 is an illustrative schematic diagram of a wiping area of a windshield wiper device on a windshield of an aircraft according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present invention.
  • the windshield wiper device 100 and the windshield washer system including the windshield wiper device 100 of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the cabin window of the aircraft is generally equipped with a windshield wiper system, which is used to protect the pilot and co-pilot during the rollout, take-off, descent and landing stages of the aircraft under many unfavorable external conditions such as rainy days.
  • a windshield washer system for an aircraft may include wipers, motors, nozzle arrangements, controls, control panels, sensors, and washer fluid feeds, among others.
  • the pilot or other cockpit person activates the windshield washer system via a button or a graphical user interface (GUI) provided in the cockpit, for example, by means of a nozzle arrangement to dispense the washer fluid stored in the reservoir device Spray to the desired position on the windshield, and drive the wiper to reciprocate on the windshield through the motor, so as to clean the windshield and provide the driver with a clearer view.
  • GUI graphical user interface
  • a segmented windscreen wiper device 100 is proposed, a non-limiting example of which is shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the windshield wiper device 100 may include a wiper arm 10 , a wiper arm motor 20 , a wiper blade 30 and a control device 40 .
  • the wiper arm motor 20 drives the wiper arm 10 to reciprocate around a fixed pivot point, which pivots
  • the dots are not shown in the drawings, but may be provided at corresponding positions on the window of the aircraft as known in the art; the wiper blade 30 is attached to the wiper arm 10 to wipe the windshield 200 with the reciprocating motion of the wiper arm 10 (As shown in FIG. 5 ), wherein the wiper blade 30 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 is a two-section structure, including a section of wiper blade 31 and a second section of wiper blade 32 , and the first section of wiper blade 31 and the second section of wiper blade 32 can be It is connected via pivoting means 50 so as to enable pivotal movement of the two-stage wiper blade 32 relative to the one-stage wiper blade 31 .
  • the pivot means 50 may comprise a disk-shaped pivot member 51 rotatably secured to an end of a length of wiper blade 31 remote from the pivot point , the link 44 is pivotally attached to the edge of the disc pivot, while one end of the two-section wiper blade 32 is fixedly attached to the edge of the disc pivot 51 opposite the link.
  • the link 44 and the second-stage wiper blade 32 are respectively disposed at opposite edges of the disk pivot member 51, so that the relative position of the link 44 relative to the disk pivot member 51 is changed (eg, the link The movement of 44 along its longitudinal axis brings about a rotational movement of the disk-shaped pivot member 51 about its pivot axis), which at the same time causes the two-section wiper blade 32 to move accordingly.
  • the pivot device 50 may also include a yoke 52 shaped to receive the disc pivot 51 and attached to the end of a length of wiper blade 31 remote from the pivot point, and a fastener 53, wherein the yoke 52 and disk pivot 51 have openings into which fasteners 53 can be inserted to allow the disk pivot to rotate freely in fork 52 about fastener 53 .
  • Fastener 53 is shown comprising a bolt and a nut that mates with the bolt, and preferably the circumferential surface of the portion of the bolt that mates with disk pivot 51 is smooth.
  • attachment can be achieved using various technical means known to those skilled in the art, such as welding, gluing, and the like. It should be understood, however, that while the preferred embodiment of the present application shows the yoke 52 and the segment of wiper blade 31 as distinct components and attached together, they may alternatively be integrally formed components.
  • pivot device 50 of the present aspect shown in connection with FIG. 3 is shown as including a disc pivot 51, a fork 52, and a fastener 53 including bolts and screws, the The specific structure is only for illustrating the structural principle of the pivoting device. Any pivoting device that enables the attachment and pivoting of the wiper blade segment 31 and the wiper blade segment 32 relative to each other is within the scope of the inventive concept of the present invention.
  • control device 40 may be attached to the motor 20 and the pivot device 50 so that the motor 20 can drive the pivot device 50 via the control device 40 , thereby enabling the two
  • the segment wiper blade 32 is rotatable about the pivot device 50 between a stowed state in which it adheres to the segment wiper blade 31 and a deployed state at an angle to the segment wiper blade 31 .
  • control device 40 may include an actuating member 41 , a pulling member 42 and a reset device, the actuating member 41 can be actuated by the motor 20 to rotate the second-stage wiper blade 32 to a deployed state by means of the pulling member 42 , and The reset device exerts a reset force on the second-stage wiper blade 32 to restore the second-stage wiper blade 32 to the retracted state.
  • the return means may comprise a return spring, which is not shown in the drawings, but whose structure may be of any form known to those skilled in the art, such as torsion springs, tension springs, and the like.
  • a return spring may be provided between the first-stage wiper blade 31 and the second-stage wiper blade 32 , and exert a restoring force on the second-stage wiper blade 32 to return the second-stage wiper blade 32 toward the retracted state.
  • the return means may comprise a buffer spring 43 and a rigid link 44 , wherein one end of the link 44 is attached to the pivoting device 50 and the other end of the link 44 is attached to the pivot device 50 . The other end abuts against the end of the buffer spring 43 close to the pivoting device 50 .
  • the buffer spring 43 can be arranged to exert a restoring force on the link 44 (and thus the second-stage wiper blade 32 ) that returns the second-stage wiper blade 32 toward the stowed state.
  • the actuating member 41 may be in the form of a pulley, and the pulling member includes a cable 42, the motor 20 being able to drive the pulley 41 to rotate, wherein one end of the cable 42 is attached to the pulley, and the wire The other end of the cable 42 is attached to the pivoting device 50 so that the rotation of the pulley 41 can cause the pivoting device 50 to rotate.
  • the operator can actuate the motor 20, and the motor 20 drives the pulley 41 to rotate in one direction, and the rotation of the pulley 41 tightens the cable 42 and drives the connecting The lever 44 moves away from the pivoting device 50 .
  • the movement of the connecting rod 44 drives the pivoting movement of the disk-shaped pivoting member 51 , which in turn drives the second-stage wiper blade 32 to rotate to form a predetermined angle with the first-stage wiper blade 31 .
  • the return spring or buffer spring is in a loaded state, so that the second-stage wiper blade 32 tends to return toward the retracted state, and once the cable 42 is no longer stretched due to the cancellation of the motor's actuation or other reasons, the second-stage wiper blade 32 The wiper blade 32 returns to the retracted state in which the wiper blade 31 is attached.
  • the angle of the second-stage wiper blade 32 relative to the first-stage wiper blade 31 can be controlled by adjusting the rotation angle of the motor 20 , which in turn enables the wiping range of the windshield wiper device 100 to be adjusted.
  • the wiping area of the windshield wiper device 100 at this time includes a wiping area A1 of a first-stage wiper blade 31 and a wiping area A2 of the second-stage wiper blade 32 , so that the overall wiper wiping area A1+A2 completely covers the pilot's field of view V.
  • the expansion angle of the second-stage wiper blade 32 can be set by controlling the retractable length of the cable 42, so that the requirements of different vision protection zones can be achieved.
  • the windshield wiper device 100 is arranged to have the second-stage wiper blade 32 in the retracted state in the wiper rest position R, and between the wiper wiping start position S and the wiper end position E , so that the second-stage wiper blade 32 is in the unfolded state. In this way, when the wiper operation is not required, the second-stage wiper blade 32 is retracted and attached to one side of the first-stage wiper blade 31, thereby reducing the disturbance to the pilot.
  • the second-stage wiper blades 32 can be unfolded at the same time, so as to improve the wiper response efficiency.
  • the windshield wiper device 100 does not slow down the required wiping operation due to the unfolding process of the two-stage wiper blade 32 .
  • the windshield wiper device 100 overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and achieves the intended purpose of the invention.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种风挡雨刷装置和包含该风挡雨刷装置的风挡清洗系统，该风挡雨刷装置（100）包括：雨刷臂（10）；马达（20），马达（20）驱动雨刷臂（10）围绕枢转点往复运动；雨刷刃（30），雨刷刃（30）附连到雨刷臂（10），以随着雨刷臂（10）的往复运动刮刷风挡，其中，雨刷刃（30）是两段式结构，包括一段雨刷刃（31）和二段雨刷刃（32），并且一段雨刷刃（31）和二段雨刷刃（32）经由枢转装置（50）连接；以及控制装置（40），该控制装置（40）使二段雨刷刃（32）能够围绕枢转装置（50）在贴附一段雨刷刃（31）的收起状态和与一段雨刷刃（31）成角度的展开状态之间旋转。通过两段式风挡雨刷装置，大大增加了风挡刮刷面积，消除了现有技术中存在的风挡雨刷无法刮刷到全部飞行员视野防护区的缺陷，确保了飞行器的飞行安全。

Description

风挡雨刷装置及风挡清洗系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于飞行器的两段式风挡雨刷装置，该风挡雨刷装置能够增加风挡的刮刷面积，改善飞行员的视野的清晰度。
本发明还涉及一种包含该风挡雨刷装置的风挡清洗系统。
背景技术
现代飞行器风挡雨刷系统通常在飞行器滑行、起飞、降落、着陆等阶段中使用，是保证飞行员视野清晰的必不可少的装置。风挡雨刷在操作时能够去除风挡表面的雨水、污染物、灰尘、昆虫等，然而，由于飞行器头部结构和外形的限制，现有技术中的风挡雨刷系统无法满足刮刷到全部飞行员视野防护区的要求。通常，这些不能被风挡雨刷所刮刷到的区域位于飞行员上边界和右边界的视野区。如在图1中示意性示出的，风挡雨刷在不操作时，停靠在飞行器风挡200的侧边缘R处，但是根据实际情况，也可以沿下端窗框放置。在需要刮刷时，风挡雨刷100会在刮刷起始位置S和刮刷终止位置E之间往复移动，从而形成雨刷刮刷区域A。而通常飞行员的视野需求区V明显存在超出刮刷区域A的区域，如图1中示出的右上方的位置。飞行器在飞行期间，特别在飞行器以最陡入场航迹姿态入场或遇到大侧风情况期间，飞行员的视界会因为飞行器姿态而受到限制。另外，如果遇到大雨或存在污染物等附着在风挡表面的情况，则会严重地干扰飞行员的视界，进而影响飞行员的判断及操纵，继而产生不安全因素。
因此，迫切地需要一种能够克服现有技术中存在的缺点的风挡雨刷装置，使得尽可能避免因飞行员的视界收到干扰而导致的可能的飞行不安全因素。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种两段式风挡雨刷装置，本发明的另一目的是提出一种包含该风挡雨刷装置的风挡清洗系统。
根据本发明的一个方面，提出了一种风挡雨刷装置，该风挡雨刷装置包 括：雨刷臂；马达，马达驱动雨刷臂围绕固定的枢转点往复运动；雨刷刃，雨刷刃附连到雨刷臂，以随着雨刷臂的往复运动刮刷风挡，其中，雨刷刃是两段式结构，包括一段雨刷刃和二段雨刷刃，并且一段雨刷刃和二段雨刷刃经由枢转装置连接；以及控制装置，控制装置附连到马达和枢转装置，使得马达能够借助控制装置驱动枢转装置，进而使二段雨刷刃能够围绕枢转装置在贴附一段雨刷刃的收起状态和与一段雨刷刃成角度的展开状态之间旋转。这样，通过本发明的两段式风挡雨刷装置，使得在风挡雨刷操作时，二段雨刷刃能够围绕枢转装置旋转到与一段雨刷刃成角度的展开状态，从而根据需要扩大了风挡雨刷的刮刷范围，使得其刮刷区域能够覆盖飞行员的视觉需求区域，消除了因风挡表面未刮刷干净而导致的飞行期间的安全风险。
根据本发明的上述方面，较佳地，该控制装置还可以包括致动件、拉动件和复位装置，致动件能被马达致动以借助拉动件使二段雨刷刃旋转到展开状态，并且复位装置在二段雨刷刃上施加使二段雨刷刃回复到收起状态的复位力。这样，通过致动件、拉动件和复位装置的相互配合，使得能够方便地在收起状态和展开状态进行切换，且结构形式简单，易于实现。
根据本发明的上述方面，较佳地，复位装置可以包括复位弹簧，复位弹簧可以设置在一段雨刷刃与二段雨刷刃之间，并且在二段雨刷刃上施加使二段雨刷刃朝向收起状态返回的复位力。通过连接在一段雨刷刃与二段雨刷刃之间的复位弹簧，使得能以最简单的方式实现一段雨刷刃与二段雨刷刃从展开状态到收起状态的复位。
根据本发明的上述方面，替代地，该复位装置可以包括缓冲弹簧和刚性的连杆，其中，连杆的一端附连到枢转装置，而连杆的另一端抵靠缓冲弹簧的靠近枢转装置的一端。这样，借助该缓冲弹簧，一方面可以对二段雨刷刃的展开运动起到缓冲和限制作用，另一方面，该缓冲弹簧还可以起到复位装置的作用，即，由于其弹性变形，而在连杆上作用有借助连杆使二段雨刷刃返回到收起状态的复位力。
根据本发明的上述方面，较佳地，该枢转装置可以包括可旋转地固定到一段雨刷刃的远离枢转点的一端的盘形枢转件，连杆可枢转地附连到盘形枢转件的边缘，而二段雨刷刃的一端固定地附连到盘形枢转件的与连杆相对的 边缘处。这样，借助连杆致动盘形枢转件的枢转，使得二段雨刷刃相对于一端雨刷刃枢转到期望的成角度的位置(即，期望的展开状态)，并且能够与上述连杆和缓冲弹簧配合，在不需要二段雨刷刃或者停止刮刷时，使二段雨刷刃恢复到贴近一段雨刷刃的收起状态。
根据本发明的上述方面，较佳地，该枢转装置还可以包括叉架和紧固件，叉架的形状成形为接纳盘形枢转件并附连到一段雨刷刃的远离枢转点的一端，其中，叉架和盘形枢转件具有开口，紧固件能插入叉架和盘形枢转件的开口中以使盘形枢转件围绕紧固件在叉架中自由旋转。从而一方面使得盘形枢转件易于围绕紧固件自由旋转，另一方面使得结构简单且可靠。
为了进一步简化本发明的结构并降低盘形枢转件绕紧固件旋转时的摩擦力，较佳地，紧固件包括螺栓和与螺栓配合的螺母，并且螺栓的与盘形枢转件配合的部分的周向表面是光滑的。
根据本发明的上述方面，较佳地，致动件可以呈滑轮的形式，并且拉动件包括线缆，马达能够驱动滑轮旋转，其中，线缆的一端附连到滑轮，而线缆的另一端附连到枢转装置，使得滑轮的转动能够经由线缆带动枢转装置旋转。通过这种设置，可以方便地使线缆穿过现有技术的雨刷臂中的相应结构，并且能够通过滑轮可靠地进行拉动线缆，进而带动枢转装置旋转，从而无需对现有技术中的雨刷臂进行较大的结构改变，使得根据本发明的风挡雨刷装置易于实施。同时，由于二段雨刷刃的展开夹角可以通过连杆与线缆长度设置，使得可以非常方便调整该夹角，进而能够方便地调整雨刷的刮刷区域，以适应不同视野防护区的需求。
根据本发明的上述方面，较佳地，可以将根据本发明的风挡雨刷装置设置成在雨刷停靠位置中二段雨刷刃处于收起状态，并且在雨刷刮刷起始位置和刮刷终止位置之间，二段雨刷刃处于展开状态。从而使得在该风挡雨刷装置不操作时，尽可能少地影响飞行员的视野区，同时，通过在雨刷刮刷起始位置和刮刷终止位置之间展开，能够实现最大范围的刮刷区域。
根据本发明的另一个方面，还提出了一种风挡清洗系统，该风挡清洗系统可以包括喷嘴装置、控制器以及根据以上方面所述的风挡雨刷装置。该风挡清洗系统可以借助二段雨刷刃相对于一段雨刷刃展开来刮刷飞行员的视野 区的上边界区域，大大增加了风挡刮刷面积。并且，二段雨刷刃可收起贴附在一段雨刷刃一侧，减少对飞行员的干扰。
由此，通过本发明的风挡雨刷装置，消除了现有技术中存在的风挡雨刷无法刮刷到全部飞行员视野防护区的缺陷，确保了飞行器的飞行安全，并且该风挡雨刷装置构思巧妙，以特别简易可靠的方式实现了风挡刮刷面积的增加，且易于安装实施和维护，从而降低了飞行器的维护和保养成本。
附图说明
为了进一步说明根据本发明的风挡雨刷装置及包括该风挡雨刷装置的风挡清洗系统，下面将结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明，在附图中：
图1是示出了现有技术的风挡雨刷装置在飞行器的风挡上的刮刷区域的说明性示意图；
图2是根据本发明的非限制性实施例的风挡雨刷装置的说明性示意图，其中，分别示出了收起状态和部分收起状态的示意图；
图3是根据本发明的非限制性实施例的风挡雨刷装置的说明性剖视图，其中，还示出了剖过枢转装置的枢转轴线的示意性剖视图；
图4是根据本发明的非限制性实施例的风挡雨刷装置从一个角度观察的说明性立体图；以及
图5是根据本发明的非限制性实施例的风挡雨刷装置在飞行器的风挡上的刮刷区域的说明性示意图。
具体实施方式
应当理解，除非明确地指出相反，否则本发明可以采用各种替代的取向和步骤顺序。还应当理解，附图中所示及说明书中所述的具体装置仅是本文公开和限定的发明构思的示例性实施例。因而，除非另有明确的声明，否则所公开的各种实施例涉及的具体流动路径、方向或其它物理特征不应被视为限制。
下面结合附图具体说明本发明的风挡雨刷装置100及包括该风挡雨刷装 置100的风挡清洗系统。
民用飞行器的各种机型根据驾驶舱的具体结构布置而具有样式不同的驾驶舱窗，而风挡(例如玻璃风挡等，但也可以是聚合物或其它类型的风挡)是舱窗上重要的结构功能部件。作为机身的一部分，风挡不仅要保持流线外形，还需要能承受各种飞行状态下的结构载荷和冲击；同时，风挡(玻璃)要为驾驶员提供清晰的视野和良好的光学性能。为了实现上述目的，飞行器的舱窗上一般配备有风挡雨刷系统，其作用是雨天等诸多不利的外界条件下，在飞行器滑跑、起飞、下降、着陆阶段为诸如驾驶员和副驾驶员等的驾驶舱内的人员提供清晰的视界，确保飞行安全。通常，飞行器的风挡清洗系统可以包括雨刷、马达、喷嘴装置、控制器、控制面板、传感器以及清洗液馈送装置等。当需要刮刷风挡时，飞行员或其它驾驶舱内的人员通过设置在驾驶舱中的按钮或图形用户界面(GUI)启动风挡清洗系统，以便例如借助喷嘴装置将储存在储液装置中的清洗液喷射到风挡上的期望位置，并通过马达带动雨刷在风挡上往复移动，从而清洁风挡，以便为驾驶员提供更清晰的视野。
如本方面的背景技术部分提到的，由于现有技术的风挡雨刷装置100存在无法刮刷到的飞行员的视野需求区域，如图1中未与区域A重叠的区域V的部分，为此，根据本发明，提出了一种分段式的风挡雨刷装置100，该风挡雨刷装置的非限制性示例在图2中示出。
如图2所示，该风挡雨刷装置100可以包括雨刷臂10、雨刷臂马达20、雨刷刃30和控制装置40，雨刷臂马达20驱动雨刷臂10围绕固定的枢转点往复运动，该枢转点未在附图中示出，但是可以如本领域已知地设置在飞行器舱窗的相应位置处；雨刷刃30附连到雨刷臂10，以随着雨刷臂10的往复运动刮刷风挡200(如图5所示)，其中，在图2中示出的雨刷刃30是两段式结构，包括一段雨刷刃31和二段雨刷刃32，并且一段雨刷刃31和二段雨刷刃32可以经由枢转装置50连接，以便使得二段雨刷刃32的能够相对于一段雨刷刃31枢转地移动。
作为本发明的非限制性实施例并且如图3中更清楚地示出的，枢转装置50可以包括可旋转地固定到一段雨刷刃31的远离枢转点的一端的盘形枢转件51，连杆44可枢转地附连到盘形枢转件的边缘，而二段雨刷刃32的一端 固定地附连到盘形枢转件51的与连杆相对的边缘处。换言之，将连杆44和二段雨刷刃32分别地设置在盘形枢转件51的相对的边缘处，从而使得连杆44相对于盘形枢转件51的相对位置变化(例如，连杆44的延其纵向轴线的移动带动盘形枢转件51绕其枢转轴线的旋转运动)会同时致使二段雨刷刃32相应地移动。
枢转装置50还可以包括叉架52和紧固件53，叉架52的形状成形为接纳盘形枢转件51并附连到一段雨刷刃31的远离枢转点的一端，其中，叉架52和盘形枢转件51具有开口，紧固件53能插入叉架52和盘形枢转件51的开口中以使盘形枢转件围绕紧固件53在叉架52中自由旋转。紧固件53示出为包括螺栓和与螺栓配合的螺母，并且较佳地，螺栓的与盘形枢转件51配合的部分的周向表面是光滑的。
如本文所用，所谓的“附连”可以采用本领域人员已知的各种技术手段实现，比如焊接、粘接等。然而应当理解，虽然本申请的较佳实施例将叉架52和一段雨刷刃31示出为不同的构件并附连在一起，但是替代地，它们可以是一体成形的部件。
同样地，应当理解，虽然结合图3示出的本方面的枢转装置50的较佳实施例示出为包括盘形枢转件51、叉架52和包括螺栓和螺钉的紧固件53，但是该具体结构仅是为了说明枢转装置的结构原理。任何能够实现一段雨刷刃31和二段雨刷刃32之间相对于彼此的附连和枢转的枢转装置均在本发明的发明构思的范围内。
继续参考图2和图3，根据本发明的非限制性实施例，控制装置40可以附连到马达20和枢转装置50，使得马达20能够借助控制装置40驱动枢转装置50，进而使二段雨刷刃32能够围绕枢转装置50在贴附一段雨刷刃31的收起状态和与一段雨刷刃31成角度的展开状态之间旋转。
作为较佳实施例，控制装置40可以包括致动件41、拉动件42和复位装置，致动件41能被马达20致动以借助拉动件42使二段雨刷刃32旋转到展开状态，并且复位装置在二段雨刷刃32上施加使二段雨刷刃32回复到收起状态的复位力。
复位装置可以包括复位弹簧，该复位弹簧未在附图中示出，但是其结构 可以是本领域技术人员已知的任何形式，例如扭簧，拉伸弹簧等。可以将复位弹簧设置在一段雨刷刃31与二段雨刷刃32之间，并且在二段雨刷刃32上施加使二段雨刷刃32朝向收起状态返回的复位力。
作为替代实施例，如图3中更详细地示出的，复位装置可以包括缓冲弹簧43和刚性的连杆44，其中，连杆44的一端附连到枢转装置50，而连杆44的另一端抵靠缓冲弹簧43的靠近枢转装置50的一端。同样地，可以将该缓冲弹簧43设置成在连杆44(以及因此二段雨刷刃32)上施加使二段雨刷刃32朝向收起状态返回的复位力。
如图3中示意性示出的，致动件41可以呈滑轮的形式，并且拉动件包括线缆42，马达20能够驱动滑轮41旋转，其中，线缆42的一端附连到滑轮，而线缆42的另一端附连到枢转装置50，使得滑轮41的转动能够带动枢转装置50的旋转。
这样，在需要二段雨刷刃32相对于一段雨刷刃31展开时，操作人员可以致动马达20，马达20带动滑轮41在一个方向上旋转，滑轮41的旋转拉紧线缆42并同时带动连杆44远离枢转装置50运动，此时，连杆44的运动带动盘形枢转件51的枢转运动，进而带动二段雨刷刃32旋转以便与一段雨刷刃31成预定角度。注意到，此时复位弹簧或者缓冲弹簧处于加载状态，使得二段雨刷刃32倾向于朝向收起状态返回，并且一旦由于马达的致动取消或者其它原因导致线缆42不再拉紧，二段雨刷刃32就返回到贴附一段雨刷刃31的收起状态。
显然地，可以通过调整马达20的旋转角度来控制二段雨刷刃32相对于一段雨刷刃31展开的角度，这进而使得能够调整该风挡雨刷装置100的刮刷范围。如图5中示意性地示出的，此时风挡雨刷装置100的刮刷区域包括一段雨刷刃31的刮刷区域A1和二段雨刷刃32的刮刷区域A2，使得整体的雨刷刮刷区域A1+A2完全覆盖飞行员的视野区域V。另外，二段雨刷刃32的展开的角度可以通过控制线缆42的收放长度来设置，使得实现了不同视野防护区的需求。
根据本发明的非限制性实施例，风挡雨刷装置100设置成在雨刷停靠位置R中使二段雨刷刃32处于收起状态，并且在雨刷刮刷起始位置S和刮刷终 止位置E之间，使二段雨刷刃32处于展开状态。这样，在不需要刮刷操作时，使二段雨刷刃32收起贴附在一段雨刷刃31一侧，从而减少了对飞行员的干扰。并且可以在雨刷臂10的启动运动过程中(即从雨刷停靠位置R移动到雨刷刮刷起始位置S期间)，使二段雨刷刃32同时展开，以便提高雨刷响应效率，使得根据本发明的风挡雨刷装置100不会因为二段雨刷刃32的展开过程而减慢所需的刮刷操作。
综上所述，根据本发明的实施例的风挡雨刷装置100克服了现有技术中的缺点，实现了预期的发明目的。
虽然以上结合了较佳实施例对本发明的风挡雨刷装置进行了说明，但是本技术领域的普通技术人员应当认识到，上述示例仅是用来说明的，而不能作为对本发明的限制。因此，可以在权利要求书的实质精神范围内对本发明进行各种修改和变型，这些修改和变型都将落在本发明的权利要求书所要求的范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种风挡雨刷装置(100)，其特征在于，所述风挡雨刷装置(100)包括：
    雨刷臂(10)；
    马达(20)，所述马达(20)驱动所述雨刷臂(10)围绕固定的枢转点往复运动；
    雨刷刃(30)，所述雨刷刃(30)附连到所述雨刷臂(10)，以随着所述雨刷臂(10)的往复运动刮刷风挡，其中，所述雨刷刃(30)是两段式结构，包括一段雨刷刃(31)和二段雨刷刃(32)，并且所述一段雨刷刃(31)和二段雨刷刃(32)经由枢转装置(50)连接，以及
    控制装置(40)，所述控制装置(40)附连到所述马达(20)和所述枢转装置(50)，使得所述马达(20)能够借助所述控制装置(40)驱动所述枢转装置(50)，进而使所述二段雨刷刃(32)能够围绕所述枢转装置(50)在贴附所述一段雨刷刃(31)的收起状态和与所述一段雨刷刃(31)成角度的展开状态之间旋转。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的风挡雨刷装置(100)，其特征在于，所述控制装置(40)包括致动件(41)、拉动件(42)和复位装置，所述致动件(41)能被所述马达(20)致动以借助所述拉动件(42)使所述二段雨刷刃(32)旋转到所述展开状态，并且所述复位装置在所述二段雨刷刃(32)上施加使所述二段雨刷刃(32)回复到所述收起状态的复位力。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的风挡雨刷装置(100)，其特征在于，所述复位装置包括复位弹簧，所述复位弹簧设置在所述一段雨刷刃(31)与所述二段雨刷刃(32)之间，并且在所述二段雨刷刃(32)上施加使所述二段雨刷刃(32)朝向所述收起状态返回的复位力。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的风挡雨刷装置(100)，其特征在于，所述复位装置包括缓冲弹簧(43)和刚性的连杆(44)，其中，所述连杆(44)的一端附连到所述枢转装置(50)，而所述连杆(44)的另一端抵靠所述缓冲弹簧(43)的靠近所述枢转装置(50)的一端。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的风挡雨刷装置(100)，其特征在于，所述枢转装置(50)包括可旋转地固定到所述一段雨刷刃(31)的远离所述枢转点的一端的盘形枢转件(51)，所述连杆(44)可枢转地附连到所述盘形枢转件(51)的边缘，而所述二段雨刷刃(32)的一端固定地附连到所述盘形枢转件(51)的与所述连杆(44)相对的边缘处。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的风挡雨刷装置(100)，其特征在于，所述枢转装置(50)还包括叉架(52)和紧固件(53)，所述叉架(52)的形状成形为接纳所述盘形枢转件(51)并附连到所述一段雨刷刃(31)的远离所述枢转点的一端，其中，所述叉架(52)和所述盘形枢转件(51)具有开口，所述紧固件(53)能插入所述叉架(52)和所述盘形枢转件(51)的所述开口中以使所述盘形枢转件(51)围绕所述紧固件(53)在所述叉架(52)中自由旋转。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的风挡雨刷装置(100)，其特征在于，所述紧固件(53)包括螺栓和与所述螺栓配合的螺母，并且所述螺栓的与所述盘形枢转件(51)配合的部分的周向表面是光滑的。
  8. 如权利要求2所述的风挡雨刷装置(100)，其特征在于，所述致动件(41)呈滑轮的形式，并且所述拉动件包括线缆，所述马达(20)能够驱动所述滑轮旋转，其中，所述线缆的一端附连到滑轮，而所述线缆的另一端附连到所述枢转装置(50)，使得所述滑轮的转动能够经由所述线缆带动所述枢转装置(50)旋转。
  9. 如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的风挡雨刷装置(100)，其特征在于，所述风挡雨刷装置(100)设置成在雨刷停靠位置中所述二段雨刷刃(32)处于所述收起状态，并且在雨刷刮刷起始位置和刮刷终止位置之间，所述二段雨刷刃(32)处于所述展开状态。
  10. 一种风挡清洗系统，包括喷嘴装置和控制器，其特征在于，所述风挡清洗系统还包括如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的风挡雨刷装置(100)。
PCT/CN2020/139287 2020-11-27 2020-12-25 风挡雨刷装置及风挡清洗系统 WO2022110437A1 (zh)

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