WO2022104958A1 - 一种扣式电池 - Google Patents

一种扣式电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022104958A1
WO2022104958A1 PCT/CN2020/135794 CN2020135794W WO2022104958A1 WO 2022104958 A1 WO2022104958 A1 WO 2022104958A1 CN 2020135794 W CN2020135794 W CN 2020135794W WO 2022104958 A1 WO2022104958 A1 WO 2022104958A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
casing
housing
hole
pole
cover plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/135794
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
凌万秾
Original Assignee
江门市元熙科技有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 江门市元熙科技有限公司 filed Critical 江门市元熙科技有限公司
Priority to DE212020000812.4U priority Critical patent/DE212020000812U1/de
Publication of WO2022104958A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022104958A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/559—Terminals adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round, elliptic or button cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/1243—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure characterised by the internal coating on the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/153—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for button or coin cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
    • H01M50/181—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for button or coin cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H01M50/188—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members the sealing members being arranged between the lid and terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/545—Terminals formed by the casing of the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/559—Terminals adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round, elliptic or button cells
    • H01M50/56—Cup shaped terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H01M50/636—Closing or sealing filling ports, e.g. using lids
    • H01M50/645—Plugs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a button battery.
  • the battery shell of the button battery adopts a cylindrical structure.
  • the battery shell is generally divided into two structures.
  • One structure is composed of an inner shell, an outer shell and a sealing ring.
  • the outer shell is inverted on the outside of the inner shell, and the outer shell is The sealing ring is connected with the inner casing.
  • This structure occupies more space in the radial direction, which leads to the battery unable to make full use of the internal space of the battery casing and has the problem of low energy density of the battery;
  • another structure is It consists of a shell and a top cover, and the top cover is connected to the shell.
  • the existing top cover is generally connected with poles by riveting, which has a complex structure, and the structure of the top cover is thicker, resulting in more occupation in the axial direction. space, there is also the problem of low battery energy density.
  • the present invention provides a button-type battery with a simple structure, the casing itself occupies a small space, and the inner space of the casing is large, which can effectively improve the energy density of the battery and meet production requirements.
  • a button-type battery includes: a casing provided with a through hole; an electrode post passing through the through hole, and the electrode post and the casing are bonded and connected by an insulating member , the casing or the pole is provided with a liquid injection hole, and the liquid injection hole communicates with the inside of the casing; a seal is used to close the liquid injection hole; the battery core is installed in the shell Inside the body, both ends of the battery core are respectively provided with a first tab and a second tab with opposite polarities, the first tab is electrically connected to the housing, and the second tab is connected to the housing.
  • the poles are electrically connected.
  • the above technical solution at least has the following beneficial effects: in the radial direction, only a single-layer structure casing is arranged, which occupies a small space; , the wall thickness of the top of the case is smaller, and the space occupied in the axial direction is smaller. Therefore, the space occupied by the case itself is small. Under the premise of the same external dimensions, the internal space of the battery structure of this technical solution is smaller. It can effectively improve the energy density of the battery and meet the production requirements. At the same time, it is integrated with a liquid injection hole for easy injection of electrolyte.
  • the pole includes a first segment and a second segment, the cross-sectional area of the first segment is greater than the cross-sectional area of the second segment, and the cross-sectional area of the first segment The area is larger than the cross-sectional area of the through hole, the first section is bonded to the inner wall of the casing through the insulating member, and the second section is penetrated through the through hole.
  • the inner wall of the housing is provided with a groove for accommodating the first segment.
  • the casing includes a casing and a cover plate, the cover plate is sealingly connected to the casing, the battery core is installed inside the casing, and the through hole is disposed in the casing cover or the housing.
  • one of the housing and the cover plate is provided with a positioning groove, and the other is installed in the positioning groove.
  • the end of the casing is provided with a flared structure
  • the diameter of the flared structure matches the diameter of the cover plate
  • the flared structure is the positioning groove
  • a first insulating layer is provided on a side of the battery core facing the first tab.
  • a second insulating layer is provided on a side of the battery core facing the second tab.
  • the end face of the casing in contact with the insulating member is subjected to metal passivation or complexation treatment
  • the end face of the pole post in contact with the insulating member is subjected to metal passivation or complexation treatment
  • the housing is a stainless steel piece.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a button battery in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a pole in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cover plate in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a button battery in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a housing in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the connection between the casing and the cover plate in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Housing 100 cover plate 110, first through hole 111, first groove 112, stepped groove 113, housing 120, second through hole 121, second groove 122, flare structure 123;
  • the azimuth description such as the azimuth or position relationship indicated by up, down, front, rear, left, right, etc.
  • the azimuth description is based on the azimuth or position relationship shown in the drawings, only In order to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, it is not indicated or implied that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
  • the meaning of several is one or more, the meaning of multiple is two or more, greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood as not including this number, above, below, within, etc. are understood as including this number. If it is described that the first and the second are only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, it cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, or indicating the number of the indicated technical features or the order of the indicated technical features. relation.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a button battery, including a casing 100 , a pole 200 , a seal 300 and a battery core 400 , the casing 100 is composed of a casing 120 and a cover plate 110 , the cover plate 110 is a circular plate, the cover plate 110 is sealedly connected to the casing 120 by welding, a first through hole 111 is provided in the middle of the cover plate 110, and the pole 200 is penetrated through the first through hole 111.
  • the pole 200 It is a cylindrical structure, and the pole 200 includes a first section 210 and a second section 220.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first section 210 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second section 220, and the cross-sectional area of the first section 210 is larger than that of the first section 210.
  • the cross-sectional area of the hole 111 that is, the diameter of the first section 210 is larger than the diameter of the second section 220
  • the diameter of the first section 210 is larger than the diameter of the first through hole 111
  • the first section 210 is bonded to the cover plate through the insulating member 240 .
  • the second section 220 penetrates through the first through hole 111, and there is an electrical gap between the outer wall of the second section 220 and the wall of the first through hole 111.
  • the electrical gap is also
  • the insulating member 240 can be filled to further enhance the insulating effect between the pole 200 and the cover plate 110.
  • the pole 200 is adhered to the cover plate 110 in an inverted state, which can prevent the pole 200 from detaching from the cover plate 110 to the outside, enhancing the The stability and reliability of the structure; wherein, the insulating member 240 is polypropylene, polyethylene or other hot melt adhesive, and is bonded to the pole 200 and the cover plate 110 by heat sealing, on the one hand, the pole 200 is firmly connected to the On the cover plate 110, and the sealing performance is good to prevent leakage of electrolyte, on the other hand, good insulation between the pole 200 and the cover plate 110 is provided to prevent short circuits.
  • the insulating member 240 is not limited to the above materials. It only needs to have good adhesion, sealing and insulation; the cell 400 is installed inside the casing 120, and the two ends of the cell 400 are respectively provided with a first tab 410 and a second tab with opposite polarities 420, specifically, the first tab 410 is of negative polarity, the second tab 420 is of positive polarity, the first tab 410 is welded to the bottom wall of the casing 120, and the second tab 420 is welded to the pole 200, so that the first tab 420 is welded to the pole 200.
  • the tab 410 is electrically connected to the housing 120
  • the second tab 420 is electrically connected to the pole 200
  • the first tab 410 and the second tab 420 are respectively located at two ends of the housing 100 to avoid short circuit between the two
  • the middle of the column 200 is provided with a liquid injection hole 230 for injecting electrolyte into the battery core 400.
  • the liquid injection hole 230 communicates with the interior of the casing 100, and a sealing member 300 is installed in the liquid injection hole 230.
  • the sealing member 300 is: Steel ball, the steel ball and the liquid injection hole 230 are in an interference fit. When the electrolyte is injected, the liquid injection hole 230 can be closed by the steel ball to prevent the leakage of the electrolyte.
  • the liquid injection hole 230 is set in the middle of the top of the battery, it is convenient to locate and assemble the steel ball ,Increase productivity. It can be understood that, the liquid injection hole 230 can also be disposed on the cover plate 110 or the bottom wall of the casing 120, as long as the electrolyte can be injected into the battery.
  • the battery of this technical solution has only the shell 120 of the single-layer structure in the radial direction, which occupies a small space;
  • the overall thickness of the cover plate 110 is small, and the space occupied in the axial direction is small. Therefore, the space occupied by the casing 100 itself is small.
  • the available internal space of the battery structure of this technical solution is larger. , effectively improve the energy density of the battery to meet the production demand.
  • the end face of the cover plate 110 in contact with the insulating member 240 is subjected to metal passivation or complexation treatment
  • the end face of the pole 200 in contact with the insulating member 240 is also subjected to metal passivation or complexation treatment to ensure that the cover plate 110 and the insulating member 240 There is good sealing between the space, the pole 200 and the insulating member 240 to avoid leakage of electrolyte.
  • the casing 120 and the cover plate 110 are preferably made of stainless steel
  • the stainless casing 120 can be formed by stamping, which is convenient for processing, and the thickness can be 0.1 mm ⁇ 0.2 mm.
  • the aluminum shell needs to be 0.3mm to ensure the strength of the shell 100, and the thickness of the stainless steel cover plate 110 can also be 0.1mm to 0.2mm. Therefore, the space occupied by the structure of the shell 100 can be further reduced and increased. The internal space of the casing 100 is reduced, and the energy density of the battery is effectively improved.
  • the end of the housing 120 is provided with a positioning groove
  • the positioning groove is a flared structure 123, that is, the end of the housing 120 expands to the outside, so that the inner diameter of the flared structure 123 is larger than the inner diameter of the housing 120, the flared structure 123 and the inner wall of the housing 120 are connected by an arc structure, and the inner diameter of the flared structure 123 matches the diameter of the cover plate 110.
  • the circumferential edge of the cover plate 110 is provided with a stepped groove 113 .
  • the stepped groove 113 is a positioning groove that can accommodate the edge of the end of the casing 120 .
  • the cover plate 110 can also be accurately positioned to facilitate welding and ensure welding quality.
  • the battery core 400 adopts a winding or stacking structure, and the technical solution adopts a winding structure.
  • a first insulating layer 430 is provided on the side of the battery core 400 facing the first tab 410 , and the battery core 400 The side facing the second tab 420 is provided with a second insulating layer 440. Since both the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell 400 extend from the upper end to the lower end of the battery cell 400 in this technical solution, the provision of the first insulating layer 430 can be avoided.
  • the problem of short circuit caused by the contact between the outer casing 120 and the negative electrode sheet, the setting of the second insulating layer 440 can avoid the problem of short circuit caused by the contact between the pole 200 and the positive electrode sheet, and improve the safety performance of the battery.
  • the first insulating layer 430 and the second insulating layer 440 It is an insulating medium that is resistant to electrolyte corrosion such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyester resin.
  • the inner wall of the cover plate 110 is provided with a first groove 112 for accommodating the first segment 210 of the pole 200 , so that the end surface of the first segment 210 is connected to the cover plate.
  • the inner wall of 110 is flush, so that the space occupied by the cover plate 110 can be further reduced, the inner space of the casing 100 can be increased, and the energy density of the battery can be improved.
  • a second through hole 121 is provided in the middle of the bottom wall of the housing 120 , and the pole 200 is penetrated through the second through hole 121 .
  • the hole 121 that is, the first section 210 is bonded to the inner side of the bottom wall of the housing 120 through the insulating member 240, the second section 220 is penetrated through the second through hole 121, and the pole 200 is bonded to the bottom of the housing 120 in an inverted state.
  • the cover plate 110 is also connected to the top of the casing 120, that is, the installation position of the pole 200 on the casing 100 is changed.
  • the structure of the housing 100 occupy a small space, and the housing 100
  • the inner space of the battery is large, which can effectively improve the energy density of the battery and meet the production requirements; it can be understood that the inner side of the bottom wall of the casing 120 is provided with a second groove 122 for accommodating the first section 210 of the pole 200, so that the first section
  • the end face of 210 is flush with the inner side of the bottom wall of the casing 120 , so that the space occupied by the bottom wall of the casing 120 can be further reduced, the internal space of the casing 100 can be increased, and the energy density of the battery can be improved.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

一种扣式电池，包括壳体（100）、极柱（200）、密封件（300）和电芯（400），壳体（100）设置有通孔；极柱（200）穿设于通孔，极柱（200）与壳体（100）之间通过绝缘件（240）密封连接，壳体（100）或极柱（200）设置有注液孔（230），注液孔（230）连通壳体（100）的内部；密封件（300）用于封闭注液孔（230）；电芯（400）装设于壳体（100）的内部，电芯（400）的两端分别设置有极性相反的第一极耳（410）和第二极耳（420），第一极耳（410）与壳体（100）电性连接，第二极耳（420）与极柱（200）电性连接。结构简单，其壳体（100）自身结构占据空间小，壳体（100）的内部空间大，有效提高电池的能量密度，满足生产需求。

Description

一种扣式电池 技术领域
本发明涉及锂电池技术领域，尤其是涉及一种扣式电池。
背景技术
扣式电池的电池壳采用圆柱状结构，目前电池壳一般分为两种结构，一种结构是由内壳体、外壳体和密封圈组成，外壳体倒扣于内壳体的外侧，外壳体与内壳体之间连接密封圈，这种结构在径向方向上占据较多的空间，导致电池不能充分利用电池壳的内部空间，存在电池的能量密度较低的问题；另一种结构是由外壳和顶盖组成，顶盖与外壳连接，现有的顶盖一般通过铆接方式连接有极柱，结构复杂，且这种顶盖的结构厚度较大，导致在轴向方向上占据较多的空间，同样存在电池能量密度较低的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本发明提供一种扣式电池，结构简单，其壳体自身结构占据空间小，壳体的内部空间大，有效提高电池的能量密度，满足生产需求。
根据本发明实施例的一种扣式电池，包括：壳体，设置有通孔；极柱，穿设于所述通孔，所述极柱与所述壳体之间通过绝缘件粘合连接，所述壳体或所述极柱设置有注液孔，所述注液孔连通所述壳体的内部；密封件，用于封闭所述注液孔；电芯，装设于所述壳体的内部，所述电芯的两端分别设置有极性相反的第一极耳和第二极耳，所述第一极耳与所述壳体电性连接，所述第二极耳与所述极柱电性连接。
上述技术方案至少具有如下有益效果：径向方向上只设置单层结构的壳体，占据空间小，轴向方向上，极柱通过一层绝缘件粘合于壳体上，相对于现有技术，壳体顶部的壁厚更小，在轴向方向上占据的空间更小，因此，壳体自身结构占据的空间小，在外形尺寸相同的前提下，本技术方案的电池结构的内部空间更大， 有效提高电池的能量密度，满足生产需求，同时，集成有注液孔，便于注入电解液。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述极柱包括第一段和第二段，所述第一段的横截面积大于所述第二段的横截面积，且所述第一段的横截面积大于所述通孔的横截面积，所述第一段通过所述绝缘件粘合于所述壳体的内壁，所述第二段穿设于所述通孔。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述壳体的内壁设置有用于容纳所述第一段的凹槽。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述壳体包括外壳和盖板，所述盖板与所述外壳密封连接，所述电芯装设于所述外壳的内部，所述通孔设置在所述盖板或者所述外壳。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述外壳与所述盖板中的其一设置有定位槽，另一装设于所述定位槽。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述外壳的端部设置有扩口结构，所述扩口结构的直径与所述盖板的直径匹配，所述扩口结构即为所述定位槽。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述电芯朝向所述第一极耳的一侧设置有第一绝缘层。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述电芯朝向所述第二极耳的一侧设置有第二绝缘层。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述壳体与所述绝缘件接触的端面作金属钝化或络合处理，所述极柱与所述绝缘件接触的端面作金属钝化或络合处理
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述壳体为不锈钢制件。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变 得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1为本发明实施例中扣式电池的剖视图；
图2为本发明实施例中极柱的剖视图；
图3为本发明另一实施例中盖板的剖视图；
图4为本发明另一实施例中扣式电池的剖视图；
图5为本发明另一实施例中外壳的剖视图；
图6为本发明另一实施例中外壳与盖板连接的局部剖视图。
附图标记：
壳体100，盖板110，第一通孔111，第一凹槽112，阶梯槽113，外壳120，第二通孔121，第二凹槽122，扩口结构123；
极柱200，第一段210，第二段220，注液孔230，绝缘件240；
密封件300；
电芯400，第一极耳410，第二极耳420，第一绝缘层430，第二绝缘层440。
具体实施方式
本部分将详细描述本发明的具体实施例，本发明之较佳实施例在附图中示出，附图的作用在于用图形补充说明书文字部分的描述，使人能够直观地、形象地理解本发明的每个技术特征和整体技术方案，但其不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，涉及到方位描述，例如上、下、前、后、左、右等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，若干的含义是一个或者多个，多个的含义是两个以上，大于、小于、超过等理解为不包括本数，以上、以下、以内等理解为包括本数。如果有描述到第一、第二只是用于区分技术特征为目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量或者隐含指明所指示的技 术特征的先后关系。
本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的限定，设置、安装、连接等词语应做广义理解，所属技术领域技术人员可以结合技术方案的具体内容合理确定上述词语在本发明中的具体含义。
参照图1和图2，本发明的实施例提供一种扣式电池，包括壳体100、极柱200、密封件300和电芯400，壳体100由外壳120和盖板110组成，盖板110为圆形板，盖板110通过焊接的方式与外壳120密封连接，盖板110的中部设置有第一通孔111，极柱200穿设于第一通孔111，具体的，极柱200为圆柱状结构，极柱200包括第一段210和第二段220，第一段210的横截面积大于第二段220的横截面积，且第一段210的横截面积大于第一通孔111的横截面积，即第一段210的直径大于第二段220的直径，第一段210的直径大于第一通孔111的直径，第一段210通过绝缘件240粘合于盖板110的内壁，第二段220则穿设于第一通孔111，且第二段220的外壁与第一通孔111的壁体之间具有电气间隙，可以理解的是，该电气间隙中也可填充绝缘件240，以进一步加强极柱200与盖板110之间的绝缘效果，极柱200呈倒扣状态粘合于盖板110上，可防止极柱200往外侧脱离盖板110，增强结构的稳定性和可靠性；其中，绝缘件240为聚丙烯、聚乙烯或其他热熔胶，通过热合的方式粘合于极柱200和盖板110上，一方面使极柱200稳固连接于盖板110上，且密封性能好，防止电解液泄露，另一方面，使极柱200与盖板110之间具有良好的绝缘，防止短路，可以理解的是，绝缘件240不限于上述材料，只需具有良好的粘合性、密封性和绝缘性即可；电芯400装设于外壳120内部，电芯400的两端分别设置有极性相反的第一极耳410和第二极耳420，具体的，第一极耳410为负极性，第二极耳420为正极性，第一极耳410焊接于外壳120的底壁，第二极耳420焊接于极柱200，使第一极耳410与外壳120电性连接，第二极耳420与极柱200电性连接，且第一极耳410与第二极耳420分别位于壳体100的两端，避免两者短路；极柱200的中部设置有用于向电芯400内注入电解液的注液孔230，注液孔230连通壳体100的 内部，注液孔230内装设有密封件300，具体的，密封件300为钢珠，钢珠与注液孔230为过盈配合，当注入电解液后，可通过钢珠封闭注液孔230，防止电解液泄露，由于注液孔230设置于电池顶部的中间位置，便于定位装配钢珠，提高生产效率。可以理解的是，注液孔230还可设置于盖板110或外壳120的底壁，只需可向电池内注入电解液即可。
相对于现有技术，本技术方案的电池在径向方向上只有单层结构的外壳120，占据空间小；轴向方向上，极柱200通过一层绝缘件240粘合于盖板110上，盖板110的整体厚度小，在轴向方向上占据的空间小，因此，壳体100自身结构占据的空间小，在外形尺寸相同的前提下，本技术方案电池结构的可利用内部空间更大，有效提高电池的能量密度，满足生产需求。
进一步，盖板110与绝缘件240接触的端面作金属钝化或络合处理，极柱200与绝缘件240接触的端面也作金属钝化或络合处理，确保盖板110与绝缘件240之间、极柱200与绝缘件240之间具有良好的密封性，避免电解液泄漏。
进一步，外壳120与盖板110优选为不锈钢制件，不锈钢的外壳120可通过冲压成型，便于加工，且厚度可以做到0.1mm～0.2mm。而铝壳需要做到0.3mm，才能保证壳体100的强度，不锈钢盖板110的厚度同样可以做到0.1mm～0.2mm，因此，可进一步减小壳体100自身结构占据的空间，增大了壳体100内部空间，有效提高电池的能量密度。
参照图1，进一步，外壳120的端部设置有定位槽，定位槽为扩口结构123，即外壳120的端部往外侧扩张，使扩口结构123的内径大于外壳120的内径，扩口结构123与外壳120的内壁通过弧面结构连接，且扩口结构123的内径与盖板110的直径匹配，安装盖板110时，便于对盖板110进行准确定位，方便焊接，保证焊接质量。
在另一些实施例中，参照图6，可以理解的是，盖板110周向边缘设置有阶梯槽113，阶梯槽113的呈环形，阶梯槽113的内径与外壳120的内径匹配，阶梯槽113可容纳外壳120的端部边缘，阶梯槽113即为定位槽，安装盖板110 时，同样可对盖板110进行准确定位，方便焊接，保证焊接质量。
参照图1，进一步，电芯400采用卷绕式或层叠式结构，本技术方案采用卷绕式结构，电芯400朝向第一极耳410的一侧设置有第一绝缘层430，电芯400朝向第二极耳420的一侧设置有第二绝缘层440，由于本技术方案中电芯400的正极片和负极片均由电芯400的上端延伸至下端，设置第一绝缘层430可避免外壳120与负极片接触而造成短路的问题，设置第二绝缘层440可避免极柱200与正极片接触而造成短路的问题，提高电池的安全性能，第一绝缘层430和第二绝缘层440为聚丙烯、聚乙烯、涤纶树脂等耐电解液腐蚀的等绝缘介质。
在另一些实施例中，参照图3，可以理解的是，盖板110的内壁设置有用于容纳极柱200的第一段210的第一凹槽112，使第一段210的端面与盖板110的内壁平齐，从而可进一步减小盖板110占据的空间，增大壳体100的内部空间，提高电池的能量密度。
在另一些实施例中，参照图4和图5，可以理解的是，与上一实施例区别在于，外壳120的底壁中部设置有第二通孔121，极柱200穿设于第二通孔121，即第一段210通过绝缘件240粘合于外壳120的底壁内侧，第二段220则穿设于第二通孔121，极柱200呈倒扣状态粘合于外壳120的底壁上，盖板110则还接与外壳120的顶部，亦即改变了极柱200在壳体100上的安装位置，电芯400的第一极耳410焊接于盖板110，第二极耳420焊接于极柱200，使第一极耳410与外壳120电性连接，第二极耳420与极柱200电性连接，该技术方案同样使得壳体100自身结构占据空间小，壳体100的内部空间大，有效提高电池的能量密度，满足生产需求；可以理解的是，外壳120的底壁内侧设置有用于容纳极柱200的第一段210的第二凹槽122，使第一段210的端面与外壳120的底壁内侧平齐，从而可进一步减小外壳120的底壁占据的空间，增大壳体100的内部空间，提高电池的能量密度。
上面结合附图对本发明实施例作了详细说明，但是本发明不限于上述实施例，在所述技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本发明 宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种扣式电池，其特征在于，包括：
    壳体，设置有通孔；
    极柱，穿设于所述通孔，所述极柱与所述壳体之间通过绝缘件粘合连接，所述壳体或所述极柱设置有注液孔，所述注液孔连通所述壳体的内部；
    密封件，用于封闭所述注液孔；
    电芯，装设于所述壳体的内部，所述电芯的两端分别设置有极性相反的第一极耳和第二极耳，所述第一极耳与所述壳体电性连接，所述第二极耳与所述极柱电性连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种扣式电池，其特征在于：所述极柱包括第一段和第二段，所述第一段的横截面积大于所述第二段的横截面积，且所述第一段的横截面积大于所述通孔的横截面积，所述第一段通过所述绝缘件粘合于所述壳体的内壁，所述第二段穿设于所述通孔。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种扣式电池，其特征在于：所述壳体的内壁设置有用于容纳所述第一段的凹槽。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种扣式电池，其特征在于：所述壳体包括外壳和盖板，所述盖板与所述外壳密封连接，所述电芯装设于所述外壳的内部，所述通孔设置在所述盖板或者所述外壳。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种扣式电池，其特征在于：所述外壳与所述盖板中的其一设置有定位槽，另一装设于所述定位槽。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种扣式电池，其特征在于：所述外壳的端部设置有扩口结构，所述扩口结构的直径与所述盖板的直径匹配，所述扩口结构即为所述定位槽。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种扣式电池，其特征在于：所述电芯朝向所述第一极耳的一侧设置有第一绝缘层。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种扣式电池，其特征在于：所述电芯朝向所述第二 极耳的一侧设置有第二绝缘层。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种扣式电池，其特征在于：所述壳体与所述绝缘件接触的端面作金属钝化或络合处理，所述极柱与所述绝缘件接触的端面作金属钝化或络合处理。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种扣式电池，其特征在于：所述壳体为不锈钢制件。
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