WO2022091985A1 - 電磁軟鉄 - Google Patents
電磁軟鉄 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022091985A1 WO2022091985A1 PCT/JP2021/039163 JP2021039163W WO2022091985A1 WO 2022091985 A1 WO2022091985 A1 WO 2022091985A1 JP 2021039163 W JP2021039163 W JP 2021039163W WO 2022091985 A1 WO2022091985 A1 WO 2022091985A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- less
- machinability
- soft iron
- magnetic
- magnetic properties
- Prior art date
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001035 Soft ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to electromagnetic soft iron having excellent machinability and magnetic properties.
- Pure iron-based electromagnetic soft iron is usually used as a material that easily responds to an external magnetic field.
- a steel material having a C content of approximately 0.01% by mass or less is used, and the steel bar obtained by hot rolling and then wire drawing is subjected to forging or cutting to form an electrical component. It is generally manufactured.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for producing a soft magnetic steel material having excellent magnetic properties and machinability by controlling the size and number of MnS dispersed in steel.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique relating to a soft magnetic steel material having excellent cold forgeability, machinability and magnetic properties, which controls the size and density of FeS precipitates.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are techniques for improving machinability by the sole effect of MnS or FeS.
- an increase in the amount of these precipitates (MnS, FeS) may lead to deterioration of magnetic properties. Therefore, there is a technical limit in achieving both magnetic properties and machinability at a higher level.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a technique for achieving both magnetic properties and machinability at a high level, which could not be realized only by the conventional machinability improving technique by MnS or the like.
- the purpose is.
- the present invention has been completed after further studies based on the above-mentioned novel findings, and its gist structure is as follows. 1. 1. By mass%, C: Less than 0.02%, Si: less than 0.05%, Mn: More than 0.03% and less than 0.50%, P: 0.002% or more and less than 0.006%, S: 0.013% or more and 0.050% or less, Al: 0.010% or less, N: 0.0010% or more and 0.0100% or less and B: 0.0003% or more and 0.0065% or less, and the balance is iron and electromagnetic soft iron having a component composition of unavoidable impurities.
- the component composition further By mass%, Cu: 0.20% or less, Ni: 0.30% or less, Cr: 0.30% or less, Mo: 0.10% or less, V: 0.02% or less,
- composition of the components is further increased by mass%.
- Pb 0.30% or less
- Bi 0.30% or less
- Te 0.30% or less
- Se 0.30% or less
- Ca 0.0100% or less
- Mg less than 0.0050%
- C Less than 0.02% If the amount of C is 0.02% or more, the iron loss is significantly deteriorated by magnetic aging, so the content is limited to less than 0.02%. Even if the amount of C is less than 0.001%, the influence on the magnetic characteristics is saturated, but the amount of C is 0 because the refining cost is increased to reduce the amount of C to less than 0.001%. It is preferably 001% or more. It is preferably 0.001% or more and 0.015% or less, and more preferably 0.001% or more and 0.010% or less.
- Si less than 0.05% Si is an effective element as a deoxidizing element.
- Si content is 0.05% or more, the ferrite is cured and the workability in the cold is lowered. Therefore, Si may be contained, but the Si content is less than 0.05%. It is preferably 0.03% or less. Of course, Si may be 0%.
- Mn More than 0.03% and 0.50% or less Mn is effective for improving strength by solid solution strengthening, and is also effective for improving machinability by dispersing MnS bonded to S in steel. It is an element.
- the content should be more than 0.03%.
- the content should be 0.50% or less.
- it is more than 0.03% and 0.40% or less. More preferably, it is more than 0.03% and 0.35% or less.
- P 0.002% or more and less than 0.006% P can obtain a significant solid solution strengthening ability even with a relatively small amount of addition.
- the content should be 0.002% or more.
- excessive addition impairs workability in the cold, so the ratio is set to less than 0.006%.
- S 0.013% or more and 0.050% or less S forms MnS in the steel and contributes to the improvement of machinability. It is necessary to add 0.013% or more to realize the effect. On the other hand, addition of more than 0.050% deteriorates workability in the cold. Therefore, the amount of S is set to 0.013% or more and 0.050% or less. It is preferably 0.013% or more and 0.045% or less, and more preferably 0.013% or more and 0.040% or less.
- Al 0.010% or less Al combines with N in steel to form fine AlN. Since this fine AlN inhibits the growth of crystal grains and deteriorates the magnetic properties, it needs to be 0.010% or less. Of course, Al may be 0%.
- N 0.0010% or more and 0.0100% or less N binds to B and forms BN, thereby contributing to machinability. Addition of 0.0010% or more is required to produce the effect. On the other hand, if the addition exceeds 0.0100%, the workability in the cold and the magnetic properties are deteriorated, so that the upper limit is 0.0100%. Preferably, it is 0.0015% or more and 0.0090% or less.
- B 0.0003% or more and 0.0065% or less B combines with N in steel to form BN.
- BN has the effect of improving machinability. In order to obtain the effect, it is necessary to add 0.0003% or more.
- addition of more than 0.0065% causes deterioration of magnetic properties and castability, so 0.0065% is the upper limit. It is preferably 0.0005% or more and 0.0060% or less, and more preferably 0.0010% or more and 0.0055% or less.
- the basic components of the present invention have been described above.
- the rest other than the above components are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- any one or more of the elements described below can be appropriately contained.
- Ni and Cr contribute to the increase in strength mainly by strengthening the solid solution, and in order to exhibit the effect, it is preferable to add 0.01% or more of each.
- it is preferable to set the upper limit to 0.20%, 0.30% and 0.30%, respectively.
- Mo, V, Nb and Ti contribute to the increase in strength mainly by strengthening precipitation, and in order to exert the effect, 0.001%, 0.0001%, 0.0001% and 0.0001%, respectively.
- the above addition is preferable. However, since excessive addition deteriorates the magnetic properties, it is preferably 0.10% or less, 0.02% or less, less than 0.015%, and less than 0.010%, respectively.
- any one or more of the following elements can be contained.
- Pb 0.30% or less Bi: 0.30% or less Te: 0.30% or less Se: 0.30% or less
- REM 0.0100% or less
- Pb, Bi, Te, Se, Ca, Mg, Zr and REM improve machinability. It is an element that contributes.
- Pb is 0.001% or more
- Bi is 0.001% or more
- Te is 0.001% or more
- Se 0.001% or more
- Ca is 0.0001% or more
- Mg is.
- components other than the above are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- a suitable method for producing pure iron-based electromagnetic soft iron according to the present invention will be described.
- Molten steel having the above composition is melted by a melting method such as a normal converter or an electric furnace, and is used as a steel material by a normal continuous casting or a slabbing method.
- the steel material is heated as necessary to obtain electromagnetic soft iron by hot rolling such as steel piece rolling and bar wire rolling.
- the above heating and rolling conditions are not particularly limited, but may be appropriately determined according to the required material.
- the structure is controlled so as to be advantageous for forging and machining for subsequent part molding. Just do it.
- the shape of the electromagnetic soft iron may be any of rods, rods, and wires, which are mainly used in applications where cutting is performed. It is preferable to have.
- each element can be determined by a spark discharge emission spectroscopic analysis method, a fluorescent X-ray analysis method, an ICP emission spectroscopic analysis method, an ICP mass spectrometry method, a combustion method, or the like.
- Other manufacturing conditions may follow the general manufacturing method of steel materials.
- the magnetic properties were measured according to JIS C2504. That is, a ring-shaped test piece was collected from the steel bar (material) and subjected to magnetic annealing at 750 ° C. for 2 hours. Then, an excitation winding (primary winding 220 turns) and a detection winding (secondary winding 100 turns) were wound around the ring test piece and subjected to the test.
- the magnetic flux density was determined by measuring the BH curve using a DC magnetization measuring device. Specifically, the magnetic flux densities at 100 and 300 A / m in the magnetization process with the maximum ultimate magnetic field of 10,000 A / m were determined. If it is 1.20T and 1.50T or more, respectively, it can be said that the magnetic characteristics are excellent.
- the coercive force was measured with a reversal magnetization force of ⁇ 400 A / m using a DC magnetic property tester using a ring-shaped test piece having the same windings as above. If the coercive force is 60 A / m or less, it can be said that the magnetic characteristics are excellent.
- Cold workability was evaluated by the marginal embedding rate. That is, the limit embedding rate is 15 mm in diameter and 22.5 mm in height from the depth position of 1/2 of the diameter from the peripheral surface of the steel bar, and the depth is 0.8 mm and the notch bottom R0.15 is cut on the side surface. A test piece having a notch is collected, and compression processing is performed using this test piece. Sequential compression was performed until cracks having a width of 0.5 mm or more were generated at the bottom of the notch of the test piece. The stationary rate at this time was defined as the marginal stationary rate. If the limit setting rate is 55% or more, it can be said that the cold workability is excellent.
- the machinability was evaluated by measuring the amount of flank wear of the tool. Specifically, using an NC lathe, a steel bar with a diameter of 25 mm is cut with a cemented carbide base metal coating tool with a depth of cut of 0.2 mm, a feed rate of 0.15 mm / rev, a peripheral speed of 300 m / min, and a wet method. It was evaluated by measuring the amount of flank wear of the tool after cutting with a length of 1000 m. If the flank wear amount is 35 ⁇ m or less, it can be said that the machinability is excellent.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
1.質量%で、
C:0.02%未満、
Si:0.05%未満、
Mn:0.03%超0.50%以下、
P:0.002%以上0.006%未満、
S:0.013%以上0.050%以下、
Al:0.010%以下、
N:0.0010%以上0.0100%以下および
B:0.0003%以上0.0065%以下
を含有し、残部が鉄および不可避的不純物の成分組成を有する電磁軟鉄。
質量%で、
Cu:0.20%以下、
Ni:0.30%以下、
Cr:0.30%以下、
Mo:0.10%以下、
V:0.02%以下、
Nb:0.015%未満および
Ti:0.010%未満
のうちから選ばれる1種または2種以上を含有する、前記1に記載の電磁軟鉄。
Pb:0.30%以下、
Bi:0.30%以下、
Te:0.30%以下、
Se:0.30%以下
Ca:0.0100%以下、
Mg:0.0050%未満、
Zr:0.200%以下および
REM:0.0100%以下
のうちから選ばれる1種または2種以上を含有する、前記1または2に記載の電磁軟鉄。
まず、純鉄系の電磁軟鉄の成分組成における、各成分の限定理由について述べる。なお、本明細書において、各成分元素の含有量を表す「%」は、特に断らない限り「質量%」を意味する。
C量が0.02%以上であると、磁気時効により鉄損が著しく劣化するため、0.02%未満に制限する。なお、C量は0.001%未満にしても磁気特性への影響は飽和する一方、0.001%未満にまでC量を低減するには精錬コストの上昇が伴うため、C量は0.001%以上であることが好ましい。好ましくは、0.001%以上0.015%以下、より好ましくは0.001%以上0.010%以下である。
Siは、脱酸元素として有効な元素である。Si含有量が0.05%以上であると、フェライトを硬化させて冷間での加工性が低下する。このため、Siは、含有されてもよいが、Si含有量は0.05%未満とする。好ましくは、0.03%以下である。なお、Siは、0%であってもよいのは勿論である。
Mnは、固溶強化による強度向上に有効であることに加え、Sと結合したMnSが鋼中に分散することで被削性の改善に有効な元素である。そのためには、0.03%超の含有量とする。一方、過剰な添加は磁気特性を劣化させるため、0.50%以下とする。好ましくは、0.03%超0.40%以下である。より好ましくは、0.03%超0.35%以下である。
Pは、比較的少量の添加でも大幅な固溶強化能が得られる。そのためには、0.002%以上の含有量とする。一方、過剰な添加は冷間での加工性を害するため、0.006%未満とする。
Sは、鋼中でMnSを形成し、被削性の向上に寄与する。その効果を発現するには0.013%以上の添加が必要である。一方、0.050%を超える添加は、冷間での加工性を劣化させる。したがって、S量は0.013%以上0.050%以下とする。好ましくは、0.013%以上0.045%以下、より好ましくは、0.013%以上0.040%以下である。
Alは、鋼中のNと結合し、微細なAlNを形成する。この微細なAlNは結晶粒の成長を阻害し、磁気特性を劣化させるため、0.010%以下にする必要がある。なお、Alは、0%であってもよいのは勿論である。
Nは、Bと結合し、BNを形成することで被削性に寄与する。その効果を生じるには0.0010%以上の添加が必要である。一方、0.0100%を超える添加は、冷間での加工性や磁気特性を劣化させるため、0.0100%を上限とした。好ましくは、0.0015%以上0.0090%以下である。
Bは、鋼中のNと結合し、BNを形成する。BNは、被削性を向上させる効果がある。その効果を得るためには、0.0003%以上の添加が必要である。一方、0.0065%を超える添加は、磁気特性や鋳造性の劣化を招くことから、0.0065%を上限とした。好ましくは、0.0005%以上0.0060%以下、より好ましくは、0.0010%以上0.0055%以下である。
Cu:0.20%以下
Ni:0.30%以下
Cr:0.30%以下
Mo:0.10%以下
V:0.02%以下
Nb:0.015%未満
Ti:0.010%未満
Cu,NiおよびCrは、主に固溶強化により強度上昇に寄与し、その効果を発現するには、それぞれ0.01%以上の添加が好ましい。しかし、過度の添加は磁気特性を劣化させるため、それぞれ上限を0.20%、0.30%および0.30%とすることが好ましい。
Pb:0.30%以下
Bi:0.30%以下
Te:0.30%以下
Se:0.30%以下、
Ca:0.0100%以下
Mg:0.0050%未満
Zr:0.200%以下
REM:0.0100%以下
Pb、Bi、Te、Se、Ca、Mg、ZrおよびREMは、被削性向上に寄与する元素である。それぞれ効果を発現するには、Pbは0.001%以上、Biは0.001%以上、Teは0.001%以上、Seは0.001%以上、Caは0.0001%以上、Mgは0.0001%以上、Zrは0.005%以上およびREMは0.0001%以上の添加が好ましい。しかし、過剰な添加は磁気特性に劣化を引き起こすため、それぞれPbは0.30%以下、Biは0.30%以下、Teは0.30%以下、Seは0.30%以下、Caは0.0100%以下、Mgは0.0050%未満、Zrは0.200%以下、REMは0.0100%以下とすることが好ましい。
上記成分組成を有する溶鋼を、通常の転炉、電気炉等の溶製方法で溶製し、通常の連続鋳造や分塊法により鋼素材とする。次いで、鋼素材を必要に応じ加熱し、鋼片圧延、棒線圧延等の熱間圧延により電磁軟鉄とする。上記の加熱、圧延条件は特に限定されないが、要求される材質に応じて適宜決定すればよく、例えば、その後の部品成形のための鍛造や機械加工等に有利となるように、組織制御を行えばよい。なお、本発明の電磁軟鉄は、切削加工性に優れることから、電磁軟鉄の形状としては、切削加工が施される用途において主に使用されている、棒、ロッド、線のいずれかの形状であることが好ましい。
その他の製造条件は、鋼材の一般的な製造方法に従えばよい。
表1に示した成分組成を含有する鋼を溶製後、約1200℃で熱間鍛造を行い、その後、950℃での焼鈍処理を行って、直径25mmの棒鋼を製造した。得られた棒鋼について、以下に示す手法に従って磁気特性、冷間加工性および被削性の評価を行った。評価結果を表2に示す。
磁気特性は、JIS C2504に準拠して測定した。すなわち、上記棒鋼(素材)から、リング状試験片を採取し、750℃で2h保持する磁気焼鈍を施した。その後、リング試験片に、励起巻線(1次巻線220ターン)、検出巻線(2次巻線100ターン)を巻いて試験に供した。磁束密度は、直流磁化測定装置を用いてB-H曲線を測定し求めた。具体的には、最高到達磁界が10,000A/mの磁化過程における100および300A/mでの磁束密度を求めた。それぞれ、1.20Tおよび1.50T以上あれば磁気特性に優れるといえる。
冷間加工性は、限界据え込み率で評価した。すなわち、限界据え込み率は、上記棒鋼の周面から直径の1/2の深さ位置から、直径15mmおよび高さ22.5mm、かつ側面に深さ0.8mmおよびノッチ底R0.15の切欠きを有する、試験片を採取し、この試験片を用い圧縮加工を行う。試験片のノッチ底に幅0.5mm以上の割れが発生するまでの逐次圧縮を行った。このときの据え込み率を限界据え込み率とした。
限界据え込み率が55%以上であれば、冷間加工性に優れているといえる。
被削性は、工具の逃げ面摩耗量を測定して評価した。具体的には、NC旋盤を用いて、直径25mmの棒鋼を超硬母材のコーティング工具にて、切込み量0.2mm、送り速度0.15mm/rev、周速300m/min、湿式で、切削長1000mの切削加工を行った後の、工具の逃げ面摩耗量を測定することで評価した。逃げ面摩耗量35μm以下であれば、被削性に優れるといえる。
Claims (3)
- 質量%で、
C:0.02%未満、
Si:0.05%未満、
Mn:0.03%超0.50%以下、
P:0.002%以上0.006%未満、
S:0.013%以上0.050%以下、
Al:0.010%以下、
N:0.0010%以上0.0100%以下および
B:0.0003%以上0.0065%以下
を含有し、残部が鉄および不可避的不純物の成分組成を有する電磁軟鉄。 - 前記成分組成は、さらに、
質量%で、
Cu:0.20%以下、
Ni:0.30%以下、
Cr:0.30%以下、
Mo:0.10%以下、
V:0.02%以下、
Nb:0.015%未満および
Ti:0.010%未満
のうちから選ばれる1種または2種以上を含有する、請求項1に記載の電磁軟鉄。 - 前記成分組成は、さらに、質量%で、
Pb:0.30%以下、
Bi:0.30%以下、
Te:0.30%以下、
Se:0.30%以下
Ca:0.0100%以下、
Mg:0.0050%未満、
Zr:0.200%以下および
REM:0.0100%以下
のうちから選ばれる1種または2種以上を含有する、請求項1または2に記載の電磁軟鉄。
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