WO2022077369A1 - 一种防火涂层及具有该防火涂层的led显示屏 - Google Patents

一种防火涂层及具有该防火涂层的led显示屏 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022077369A1
WO2022077369A1 PCT/CN2020/121241 CN2020121241W WO2022077369A1 WO 2022077369 A1 WO2022077369 A1 WO 2022077369A1 CN 2020121241 W CN2020121241 W CN 2020121241W WO 2022077369 A1 WO2022077369 A1 WO 2022077369A1
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Prior art keywords
fireproof coating
flame retardant
microbeads
hollow
display screen
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PCT/CN2020/121241
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐梦梦
王爱玲
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深圳市艾比森光电股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/121241 priority Critical patent/WO2022077369A1/zh
Publication of WO2022077369A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022077369A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/18—Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/33—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of LED display screens, in particular to a fireproof coating and an LED display screen with the fireproof coating.
  • LED displays have the characteristics of high luminous brightness, bright colors, and low energy consumption. They are widely used in shopping malls, airports, railway stations, stages, gymnasiums, hospitals and other public places. Therefore, the safety of LED displays has also attracted widespread attention. In previous years, many LED display fires at home and abroad have sounded the alarm for the entire LED industry, and the fire-retardant technology of LED display has become the focus of the industry.
  • the screen body of the LED display screen contains plastic and/or metal materials.
  • Plastic is a flammable material. When the external ambient temperature is too high, it may catch fire and burn, causing a fire.
  • the metal itself has high thermal conductivity, which may cause fire. Accelerates external heat transfer. Therefore, in order to prevent the display screen from catching fire, a coating structure that can prevent the external high heat from being conducted to the screen body should be provided.
  • the present application provides a fireproof coating that can be used for LED display screens, which contains a certain amount of heat insulating fillers and flame retardants, and under the mutual cooperation of the two, can significantly improve the fire resistance of the display screen. performance, better prevention of fire caused by high outside temperature.
  • the present application provides a fireproof coating
  • the fireproof coating includes a heat insulation layer and a flame retardant layer
  • the flame retardant layer covers the heat insulation layer or the heat insulation layer covers
  • the heat insulating layer includes the following raw materials by mass percentage: the first film-forming resin: 40% to 60%, the heat insulating filler: 30% to 50%, and the first auxiliary agent: 1% to 10%
  • the flame retardant layer includes the following raw materials by mass percentage: the second film-forming resin: 40% to 60%, the flame retardant: 30% to 50%, the second auxiliary agent: 1% ⁇ 10%
  • the heat insulating filler includes one or more of silicate powder, aerogel and hollow microbeads
  • the silicate powder includes mica, perlite, kaolin, sea foam
  • the hollow microbeads include at least one of hollow glass microbeads and hollow ceramic microbeads.
  • the fire-retardant coating provided in the first aspect of the present application has a double-layer structure, wherein the heat-insulating layer further contains a certain amount of heat-insulating fillers, and the flame-retardant layer contains a flame retardant, wherein, the heat-insulating fillers with low thermal conductivity can be better Insulate the external high heat from conducting to the screen of the LED display to prevent the screen temperature from being too high; the flame retardant expands under the action of external heat, and forms a foamed carbon layer, which can block the air and part of the external heat. With the mutual cooperation of the two, it can significantly improve the fire resistance and flame retardant performance of the display screen, and better prevent the fire caused by the high outside temperature.
  • the present application also provides a fireproof coating
  • the fireproof coating includes the following raw materials by mass percentage: film-forming resin: 30% to 55%, thermal insulation filler: 20% to 40%, Flame retardant: 20% to 40%, auxiliary agent: 1% to 10%;
  • the thermal insulation filler includes one or more of silicate powder, aerogel and hollow microbeads;
  • the The silicate powder includes one or more of mica, perlite, kaolin, sepiolite, and diatomaceous earth, and the hollow microbeads include at least one of hollow glass microbeads and hollow ceramic microbeads.
  • the fireproof coating provided by the second aspect of the present application is a single-layer structure, which contains a certain amount of heat insulating fillers and flame retardants at the same time, wherein, the heat insulating fillers with low thermal conductivity can better isolate the external high heat from conducting to the LED.
  • the temperature of the screen body is prevented from being too high; the flame retardant is heated and expanded under the action of external heat, and forms a foam carbon layer, which can block the air and part of the external heat.
  • a third aspect of the present application further provides an LED display screen with the above fireproof coating.
  • the above fireproof coating can be arranged on the outer surface of the LED display screen. Specifically, it can cover all the outer surfaces of the LED display screen, or cover part of the outer surface of the LED display screen (for example, cover the outer surface of the LED light panel).
  • the above fireproof coating provided by this application is applied to the LED display screen.
  • the fireproof coating can effectively isolate external heat, prevent the temperature of the screen body from being too high, and can greatly improve the fireproof and flame retardant performance of the LED display screen, and can better prevent the external temperature. High fire caused by high, and will not affect the display effect of the LED display.
  • FIG. 1a to 1e are schematic structural diagrams of a fireproof coating provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another fireproof coating provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an LED display screen with a fireproof coating in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another LED display screen with a fireproof coating according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the fireproof coating 100 includes a heat insulation layer 11 and a flame retardant layer 12 .
  • the flame-retardant layer 12 and the heat-insulating layer 11 are in a covering relationship, and the flame-retardant layer 12 may be covered on the heat-insulating layer 11 (as shown in FIGS. 1a-1c ), or the heat-insulating layer 11 may be covered on the layer 12, as shown in Figure 1a (rotated by 180°), and Figures 1d-1e.
  • the fireproof coating 100 in FIG. 1a can also be seen to be a laminated structure of the heat insulating layer 11 and the flame retardant layer 12 .
  • the heat insulation layer 11 may be in direct contact with the LED display screen, or the flame retardant layer 12 may be in direct contact with the LED display screen.
  • the heat insulating layer 11 includes the following raw materials by mass percentage: the first film-forming resin: 40% to 60%, the heat insulating filler: 30% to 50%, the first auxiliary agent: 1% to 10%; the flame retardant layer 12.
  • Each raw material includes the following mass percentages: the second film-forming resin: 40% to 60%, the flame retardant: 30% to 50%, and the second auxiliary agent: 1% to 10%;
  • the thermal insulation filler includes One or more of silicate powders, aerogels and hollow microspheres; silicate powders include one or more of mica, perlite, kaolin, sepiolite and diatomite, and hollow microspheres.
  • the beads include at least one of hollow glass beads and hollow ceramic beads.
  • the fire-retardant coating 100 provided in FIGS. 1a-1e is a double-layer structure, wherein the thermal insulation layer 11 contains a certain amount of thermal insulation filler, and the flame-retardant layer 12 contains a flame retardant.
  • the thermal insulation filler with low thermal conductivity can better isolate the external high heat from conducting to the screen of the LED display, preventing the screen temperature from being too high; the flame retardant can be thermally expanded under the action of external heat, and The foamed carbon layer is formed to block part of the external heat and isolate the air. With the mutual cooperation of the two, the fire and flame retardant performance of the display screen can be significantly improved, and the fire caused by the high external temperature can be better prevented.
  • the light transmittances of the heat insulating layer 11 and the flame retardant layer 12 in the visible light region are both greater than or equal to 70%. In this way, when the double-layer fireproof coating 100 is used on the LED display screen, the display effect of the LED display screen will not be affected.
  • the heat insulating filler is transparent, white or light-colored, so as not to make the light transmittance of the heat insulating layer 11 too low.
  • hollow microspheres a thermal insulating filler
  • the particle size of the hollow microbeads does not exceed 60 ⁇ m, and the wall thickness may be 1-2 ⁇ m.
  • the particle diameter of the hollow glass microbeads may be 10 to 60 ⁇ m, and further 40 to 60 ⁇ m.
  • the hollow glass microspheres may be borosilicate hollow glass microspheres with a specific gravity of 0.20-0.60 g/L.
  • the particle size of the hollow ceramic microspheres may be 1-5 ⁇ m.
  • Aerogel is a lightweight, porous amorphous solid material whose porous structure is smaller than the mean free path of air, which can greatly limit thermal conductivity and enhance thermal insulation properties.
  • the porosity of the aerogel may be 80%-95%, for example, 80-90%.
  • the pore size of the pores can be 10 nm-1 ⁇ m, preferably 10 nm-200 nm, more preferably 10-50 nm. Smaller pores and larger porosity can make aerogels have better thermal insulation properties.
  • the particle size of the aerogel may not exceed 10 ⁇ m, for example, may be 1-3 ⁇ m.
  • the thermal conductivity of the aerogel may not exceed 0.04W/(m ⁇ K), for example, 0.01-0.035W/(m ⁇ K).
  • the aerogel may include one or more of oxide aerogel, organic aerogel and carbon aerogel, but is not limited thereto.
  • the oxide aerogel includes silica aerogel, titania aerogel, alumina aerogel, and the like.
  • organic aerogel resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogel, melamine-formaldehyde aerogel, etc. are mentioned.
  • Carbon aerogels, such as graphene aerogels, can be obtained by carbonizing organic aerogels.
  • the thermal conductivity of the above-mentioned silicate powder is lower than 0.1 W/(m ⁇ K), for example, 0.03-0.09 W/(m ⁇ K).
  • the particle size of the silicate powder does not exceed 40 ⁇ m, for example, it may be 10-30 ⁇ m.
  • mica has a scaly structure
  • perlite, kaolin, sepiolite, and diatomite have a porous structure
  • perlite also has arc-shaped cracks, all of which have good thermal insulation properties.
  • the heat insulating filler includes aerogel, hollow glass microbeads and hollow ceramic microbeads.
  • the combined action of the two kinds of hollow microspheres and aerogel can endow the insulating layer 11 with lower thermal conductivity, for example, the thermal conductivity is 0.01-0.05W/(m ⁇ K), and
  • the mass of the heat insulating layer 12 is made light.
  • the mass ratio of aerogel, hollow glass microbeads and hollow ceramic microbeads is 1:(0.1-10):(0.1-10).
  • the insulating filler includes aerogel, hollow glass microspheres, hollow ceramic microspheres, and mica.
  • the combined effect of the two types of hollow microspheres, aerogel, and mica, a silicate powder can not only impart a lower thermal conductivity to the thermal insulation layer 11, but also improve its thermal conductivity. Mechanical strength and corrosion resistance.
  • the mass ratio of aerogel, hollow glass microbeads, hollow ceramic microbeads and mica is 1:(0.1-10):(0.1-10):(0.1-10).
  • the first film-forming resin in the heat insulating layer 11 may be selected from epoxy resins, silicone resins, acrylic resins, phenolic resins, polyester resins, polyurethane resins, silicone-modified epoxy resins, silicone-modified polyester resins and One or more of silicone-modified acrylic resins, but not limited thereto.
  • a resin with strong adhesive force and high temperature resistance is used to improve the stability of the thermal insulation layer 11 and avoid the use of additional adhesive.
  • the first adjuvant in the thermal insulation layer 11 may not be limited to include one or more of a dispersant, a wetting agent, a curing agent, a leveling agent and an adhesion promoter.
  • the main purpose of the additives is to improve the workability and/or film-forming properties of the coating.
  • the curing agent can help to quickly cure the film-forming resin into a film
  • the dispersing agent can help the above-mentioned raw materials to form a uniformly dispersed coating
  • the leveling agent can help to form a film layer with a smooth surface.
  • Adhesion promoters can provide adhesion between thermal barrier coatings and substrates or other coatings, salt spray resistance, etc.
  • the curing agent may be selected from one or more of modified amine curing agents, imidazole curing agents and dicyandiamide curing agents, but is not limited thereto.
  • the dispersant may be selected from at least one of BYK-ATU and BYK-110, but is not limited thereto.
  • the addition of the wetting agent can also improve the compatibility between the above-mentioned raw materials, and can also achieve good wetting of the coating to be attached to the substrate.
  • the wetting agent can be selected from at least one of BYK-W-9010, BYK-W-9012, BYK-W-996 and BYK-W-995, etc., but is not limited thereto.
  • the leveling agent may include but is not limited to pure acrylic leveling agent (such as BYK 358N), fluorine-modified acrylic leveling agent, phosphate-modified acrylic leveling agent, fluorocarbon leveling agent (such as EFKA3777), One or more of silicone leveling agents (such as BYK300, BYK306).
  • pure acrylic leveling agent such as BYK 358N
  • fluorine-modified acrylic leveling agent such as BYK 358N
  • phosphate-modified acrylic leveling agent such as EFKA3777
  • fluorocarbon leveling agent such as EFKA3777
  • silicone leveling agents such as BYK300, BYK306
  • the adhesion promoter may include one or more of silane coupling agent, titanate coupling agent and aluminate coupling agent.
  • the silane coupling agent may include ⁇ -glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane, epoxytrimethoxysilane, aminopropyltriethoxysilane, aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane One or more of ethyl-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and diethylenetriaminopropyltrimethoxysilane.
  • the titanate coupling agent may include isopropyl dioleic acid acyloxy (dioctyl phosphoric acid acyloxy) titanate, isopropyl tris (dioctyl phosphoric acid acyloxy) titanate, triisopropyl
  • isopropyl dioleic acid acyloxy dioctyl phosphoric acid acyloxy
  • isopropyl tris dioctyl phosphoric acid acyloxy
  • titanate triisopropyl
  • isopropyl stearate titanate isopropyl triisostearate titanate
  • tetraisopropyl bis(dioctylphosphiteoxy) titanate tetraisopropyl bis(dioctylphosphiteoxy) titanate.
  • Aluminate coupling agents can include one or more of distearoyloxyisopropylaluminate, DL-411, DL-411AF, DL-411D, DL-411DF, anti-settling aluminate ASA, etc. kind.
  • the heat insulating layer 11 can be formed by the heat insulating paint containing the above-mentioned first film-forming resin, heat insulating filler, first auxiliary agent, and solvent.
  • the heat insulating layer 11 may be formed by ink jet, screen printing, coating or film plating, etc., but is not limited thereto.
  • the coating may include dip coating, spray coating, brush coating and the like.
  • the thickness of the heat insulating layer 11 is 0.1mm-0.5mm.
  • the heat insulating layer 11 includes uniformly dispersed pores, and the diameter of the pores is 0.001mm-0.1mm.
  • the pores in the thermal insulation layer can be formed by adjusting the parameters of the specific preparation process, for example, the size and distribution of the pores can be adjusted by adjusting the viscosity, curing temperature and time of the thermal insulation coating. Since the thermal conductivity of the gas is lower than that of the solid, the existence of the pores can further improve the thermal insulation effect of the thermal insulation layer 11 .
  • the flame retardants in the flame retardant layer 12 may include inorganic flame retardants and/or organic flame retardants.
  • the inorganic flame retardant includes one or more of boron nitride, aluminum nitride, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate and talc, but not limited to this.
  • the organic flame retardant includes, but is not limited to, one or more of melamine and its salts, urea, imidocarbazide, ammonium polyphosphate, halogenated hydrocarbons, phosphate esters, DOPO, and the like.
  • the flame retardant is a mixture of an inorganic flame retardant and an organic flame retardant, so that the flame retardant layer 12 has a certain flame retardant performance, and also has suitable mechanical strength, and no additional fillers or additives are needed. to improve mechanical performance.
  • the organic flame retardant is one or more of phosphorus-containing flame retardants such as ammonium polyphosphate, phosphate ester, DOPO and the like. Phosphorus-containing flame retardants have high flame retardant effect, and are mostly intumescent flame retardants, which can easily expand to form a foamed carbon layer when heated, which can isolate oxygen and part of the heat.
  • the particle size of the inorganic flame retardant is 15 nm to 100 nm, and the color is preferably white or other light colors.
  • the second film-forming resin in the flame retardant layer 12 may be selected from epoxy resins, silicone resins, acrylic resins, phenolic resins, polyester resins, polyurethane resins, silicone-modified epoxy resins, silicone-modified polymer resins One or more of ester resins and silicone-modified acrylic resins, but not limited thereto.
  • the second film-forming resin may be the same as or different from the above-mentioned first film-forming resin, and is preferably the same as the above-mentioned first film-forming resin.
  • the second adjuvant in the flame retardant layer 12 may not be limited to include one or more of a dispersant, a wetting agent, a curing agent, a leveling agent, a foaming agent and an adhesion promoter.
  • the second adjuvant may be the same as or different from the above-mentioned first adjuvant.
  • the second adjuvant and the first adjuvant preferably contain a dispersant.
  • the flame retardant layer 12 may be formed by a flame retardant coating comprising the above-mentioned second film-forming resin, flame retardant, inorganic filler, second auxiliary agent and solvent.
  • the flame retardant layer 12 may be formed by inkjet, screen printing, coating or film plating, etc., but is not limited thereto.
  • the coating may include dip coating, spray coating, brush coating and the like.
  • the thickness of the flame retardant layer 12 may be 0.1mm-0.5mm.
  • the total thickness of the fire protection coating 100 may be 0.2mm-1mm.
  • the fireproof coating 100 includes a heat insulating layer 11 and a flame retardant layer 12 .
  • the heat insulating layer 11 includes the following raw materials by mass percentage: epoxy resin: 50%, heat insulating filler: 45% (specifically 6% mica, 8% hollow glass beads, 6% hollow ceramics Microbeads, 25% SiO 2 aerogel), additives: 5% (specifically, 2.5% curing agent, 1% silane coupling agent, 1.5% dispersant).
  • the flame retardant layer 12 includes the following raw materials by mass percentage: hydroxy acrylic resin: 40%, flame retardant: 50% (specifically 10% titanium dioxide powder, 40% phosphorus-containing organic flame retardant), auxiliary agent : 10% (specifically, 4% of dispersant, 3% of wetting agent, 3% of leveling agent).
  • the fireproof coating 100 includes a heat insulating layer 11 and a flame retardant layer 12 .
  • the heat insulating layer 11 includes the following raw materials by mass percentage: silicone resin: 50%, heat insulating filler: 40% (specifically, 10% hollow glass microspheres, 10% hollow ceramic microspheres, 20% SiO 2 aerogel), auxiliary agent: 10% (specifically, 2% of silane coupling agent, 3% of dispersant, 2% of wetting agent, 3% of leveling agent).
  • the flame retardant layer 12 includes the following raw materials by mass percentage: polyurethane resin: 45%, hydroxy acrylic resin: 6%, flame retardant: 44% (specifically, 12% of aluminum hydroxide powder, 20% of phosphoric acid triphosphate) Phenyl ester, 6% urea, 6% dicyandiamide), auxiliary: 5% (specifically, 2% dispersant, 1% wetting agent, 2% adhesion promoter).
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a fireproof coating 200
  • the fireproof coating 200 is a single-layer structure
  • the fireproof coating 200 includes the following raw materials by mass percentage: film-forming resin: 30% to 55% %, thermal insulation filler: 20% to 40%, flame retardant: 20% to 40%, auxiliary agent: 1% to 10%; wherein, thermal insulation filler includes silicate powder, aerogel and hollow microbeads One or more of; silicate powder includes one or more of mica, perlite, kaolin, sepiolite and diatomaceous earth, and hollow microbeads include hollow glass microbeads and hollow ceramic microbeads. at least one.
  • the above-mentioned adjuvants may not be limited to include one or more of dispersing agents, wetting agents, curing agents, leveling agents, foaming agents and adhesion promoters.
  • the fireproof coating 200 is a single-layer structure, which contains a certain amount of heat-insulating fillers and flame retardants, wherein, the heat-insulating fillers with low thermal conductivity can better isolate the external high heat from conducting to the LED display screen.
  • the heat-insulating fillers with low thermal conductivity can better isolate the external high heat from conducting to the LED display screen.
  • the flame retardant can block part of the external heat and isolate the air. With the mutual cooperation of the two, it can significantly improve the fire resistance and flame retardant performance of the display screen and better prevent the high outside temperature. fire caused.
  • the material selection ranges of the heat insulating filler and the flame retardant are as described above, and the selection ranges of the film-forming resin and the auxiliary agent are respectively the same as the above-mentioned first film-forming resin and the first auxiliary agent.
  • the fireproof coating 200 may be formed by inkjet, screen printing, coating or filming, etc., but is not limited thereto.
  • the coating may include dip coating, spray coating, brush coating and the like.
  • the thickness of the fireproof coating 200 may be 0.1mm-0.5mm.
  • the fireproof coating 200 includes uniformly dispersed pores, and the diameter of the pores is 0.001mm-0.1mm. Since the thermal conductivity of gas is lower than that of solid, the existence of pores can further improve the thermal insulation effect of the fireproof coating 200 .
  • the fireproof coating 200 includes the following raw materials by mass percentage: hydroxy acrylic resin: 35%, thermal insulation filler: 28% (specifically, 5% mica, 5% hollow glass microspheres, 5% hollow ceramic microspheres, 13% SiO 2 aerogel), flame retardant: 30% (specifically 10% aluminum hydroxide powder, 20% ammonium polyphosphate), auxiliary: 7% ( Specifically, 3% of dispersant, 2% of leveling agent, 2% of adhesion promoter).
  • the fireproof coating 200 includes the following raw materials by mass percentage: hydroxy acrylic resin: 30%, thermal insulation filler: 20% (specifically, 5% of hollow glass microspheres, 5% of hollow glass Ceramic microbeads and 13% SiO 2 aerogel), flame retardant: 40% (specifically 5% aluminum hydroxide powder, 5% titanium dioxide and 30% DOPO), auxiliary: 10% (specifically 4% dispersant, 3% wetting agent, 3% adhesion promoter).
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide an LED display screen with the above fireproof coating.
  • the above fireproof coating can be arranged on the outer surface of the LED display screen. Specifically, it can cover all the outer surfaces of the LED display screen, or cover part of the outer surface of the LED display screen (for example, cover the outer surface of the LED light panel).
  • the above fireproof coating provided by this application is applied to the LED display screen.
  • the fireproof coating can effectively isolate external heat, prevent the temperature of the screen body from being too high, and can greatly improve the fireproof and flame retardant performance of the LED display screen, and can better prevent the external temperature. High fire caused by high, and will not affect the display effect of the LED display.
  • the LED display screen 300 with the above fireproof coating includes an LED light board 31 , a bottom case 32 supporting the LED light board 31 , and a fireproof coating 33 .
  • a plurality of lamp beads 311 are disposed on a surface (ie, the light emitting surface) of the LED lamp board 31 away from the bottom case 32 .
  • the fireproof coating 53 wraps the LED lamp panel 31 and the bottom case 32 , and the LED lamp panel 31 (and the lamp beads 311 thereon) and the bottom case 32 are both located in the accommodating space of the fireproof coating 53 .
  • the fireproof coating 53 covers all the outer surfaces of the LED display screen, and completely wraps the outer surface of the LED light panel 31 (including the lamp surface and the side surface) and the outer surface of the bottom case 32 .
  • the fireproof coating 33 may be the above-mentioned fireproof coating 100 or the fireproof coating 200 .
  • the fireproof coating 33 is the fireproof coating 100
  • the above-mentioned heat insulating layer 11 can be formed on the outer surface of the LED display screen, and then the flame retardant layer 12 can be formed on the heat insulating layer 11, so that the flame retardant layer 12 can cover the
  • the above-mentioned flame retardant layer 12 can also be prepared and formed on the outer surface of the LED display screen, and then the heat insulation layer 11 is prepared on the flame retardant layer 12, so that the heat insulation layer 11 is covered on the flame retardant layer 12. .
  • the flame retardant layer 12 is arranged on the outermost part of the LED display screen, so that the heat insulation and flame retardant effect of the overall fireproof coating can be better.
  • the flame retardant layer 12 will expand to form a carbonaceous layer, which blocks the entry of external oxygen and prevents the material inside the screen from burning.
  • the LED display screen 300 with the above fireproof coating includes the LED lamp panel 31 , the bottom case 32 , and the fireproof coating 33 , and also includes a thermally conductive column 312 .
  • the heat-conducting column 312 is disposed on the LED light board 31 and is disposed opposite to the lamp beads 311 on the light-emitting surface of the LED light board 31 , and the heat-conducting column 312 extends to the bottom case 32 .
  • the thermally conductive pillars 312 are in contact with the bottom case 32 .
  • the thermally conductive pillars 312 may extend to the outside of the screen, that is, exposed from the bottom case 32 .
  • the thermal conductive posts 312 may also be submerged in the bottom case 32 and not exposed from the bottom case 32 .
  • the upper surface of the heat conduction column 312 ie, the surface close to the lamp bead
  • the fire-retardant coating 33 may only be provided on the LED display screen where there are many flammable materials, such as covering the outer surface of the LED light panel 31 , including the light emitting surface and the side surface of the LED light panel 31 . In this way, when the external temperature is higher than the temperature of the screen body, a small amount of fireproof coating 33 can isolate the high external heat, so as to prevent the display screen from catching fire.
  • the material of the thermally conductive column 312 may be a metal with high thermal conductivity such as copper.
  • the heat conduction column 611 can conduct the heat on the LED light board 31 to the bottom case in time. 32, and then dissipate heat into the air through the bottom case 32 to achieve heat dissipation. Therefore, in FIG. 4 , the LED display screen can not only have the function of heat insulation and fire prevention, but also have the function of heat dissipation through the arrangement of the above-mentioned fireproof coating 33 and the heat conduction column 312 .

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Abstract

一种防火涂层及具有该防火涂层的LED显示屏，该防火涂层包括隔热层和阻燃层，其中，隔热层包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：第一成膜树脂：40％～60％，隔热填料：30％～50％，第一助剂：1％～10％；阻燃层包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：第二成膜树脂：40％～60％，阻燃剂：30％～50％，第二助剂：1％～10％；其中，隔热填料包括硅酸盐粉料、气凝胶和空心微珠中的一种或多种；硅酸盐粉料包括云母、珍珠岩、高岭土、海泡石和硅藻土中的一种或多种，空心微珠包括空心玻璃微珠和空心陶瓷微珠中的至少一种。

Description

一种防火涂层及具有该防火涂层的LED显示屏 技术领域
本申请涉及LED显示屏技术领域，具体涉及一种防火涂层及具有该防火涂层的LED显示屏。
背景技术
LED显示屏具有发光亮度高、色彩鲜艳、能耗低等特点，广泛应用于商场、机场、火车站、舞台、体育馆、医院等公共场所，因此LED显示屏的安全问题也日益受到人们广泛关注。往年国内外发生的多起LED显示屏火灾给整个LED行业敲响了警钟，LED显示屏的防火阻燃技术成为行业关注的重点。
LED显示屏的屏体含有塑料和/或金属材料，塑料属于易燃材料，当外部环境温度过高时，有可能会起火燃烧，造成火灾的发生；而金属本身具有高的热导率，会加速外部热量传导。因此为了防止显示屏起火，应提供一种可阻止外部的高热量传导到屏体上的涂层结构。
发明内容
鉴于此，本申请提供了一种可用于LED显示屏的防火涂层，其含有的一定量的隔热填料和阻燃剂，在二者的相互配合下，能显著提高显示屏的防火阻燃性能，较好地预防外界温度高引起的火灾。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种防火涂层，所述防火涂层包括隔热层和阻燃层，其中，所述阻燃层覆盖在所述隔热层上或所述隔热层覆盖在所述阻燃层上， 所述隔热层包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：第一成膜树脂：40％～60％，隔热填料：30％～50％，第一助剂：1％～10％；所述阻燃层包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：第二成膜树脂：40％～60％，阻燃剂：30％～50％，第二助剂：1％～10％；其中，所述隔热填料包括硅酸盐粉料、气凝胶和空心微珠中的一种或多种；所述硅酸盐粉料包括云母、珍珠岩、高岭土、海泡石和硅藻土中的一种或多种，所述空心微珠包括空心玻璃微珠和空心陶瓷微珠中的至少一种。
本申请第一方面提供的防火涂层为双层结构，其中的隔热层还有一定量的隔热填料，阻燃层含有阻燃剂，其中，热导率低的隔热填料可以较好地隔绝外部高热量传导到LED显示屏的屏体上，防止屏体温度过高；阻燃剂在外部的热作用下受热膨胀，并形成泡沫质碳层，可以阻隔空气及部分外部热量，在二者的相互配合下，能显著提高显示屏的防火阻燃性能，较好地预防外界温度高引起的火灾。
第二方面，本申请还提供了一种防火涂层，所述防火涂层包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：成膜树脂：30％～55％，隔热填料：20％～40％，阻燃剂：20％～40％，助剂：1％～10％；其中，所述隔热填料包括硅酸盐粉料、气凝胶和空心微珠中的一种或多种；所述硅酸盐粉料包括云母、珍珠岩、高岭土、海泡石和硅藻土中的一种或多种，所述空心微珠包括空心玻璃微珠和空心陶瓷微珠中的至少一种。
本申请第二方面提供的防火涂层为单层结构，其同时含有一定量的隔热填料及阻燃剂，其中，热导率低的隔热填料可以较好地隔绝外部高热量传导到LED显示屏的屏体上，防止屏体温度过高；阻燃剂在外部的热作用下受热膨胀，并形成泡沫质碳层，可以阻隔空气及部分外部热量，在二者的相互配合下， 能显著提高显示屏的防火阻燃性能，较好地预防外界温度高引起的火灾。
本申请第三方面还提供一种具有上述防火涂层的LED显示屏。上述防火涂层可以设置在LED显示屏的外表面。具体可以覆盖LED显示屏的所有外表面，或覆盖LED显示屏的部分外表面(如覆盖LED灯板的外表面)。
将本申请提供的上述防火涂层应用于LED显示屏中，防火涂层可以有效隔绝外部热量，防止屏体温度过高，可以大大提高LED显示屏的防火阻燃性能，较好地预防外界温度高引起的火灾，且不会影响LED显示屏的显示效果。
附图说明
图1a至图1e为本申请实施例提供的一种防火涂层的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的另一种防火涂层的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中一种具有防火涂层的LED显示屏的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中另一种具有防火涂层的LED显示屏的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请技术方案进行说明。
请一并参见图1a-图1e，本申请例提供了一种防火涂层100，防火涂层100包括隔热层11和阻燃层12。其中，阻燃层12与隔热层11是覆盖关系，可以是阻燃层12覆盖在隔热层11上(如图1a-图1c所示)，也可以是隔热层11覆盖在阻燃层12上，如图1a(旋转180°)，及图1d-图1e所示。其中，图1a中的防火涂层100也可以看出是隔热层11和阻燃层12的层叠结构。当将防火涂层100用于LED显示屏中时，可以是隔热层11与LED显示屏直接接触，也 可以是阻燃层12与LED显示屏直接接触。
隔热层11包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：第一成膜树脂：40％～60％，隔热填料：30％～50％，第一助剂：1％～10％；阻燃层12包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：第二成膜树脂：40％～60％，阻燃剂：30％～50％，第二助剂：1％～10％；其中，隔热填料包括硅酸盐粉料、气凝胶和空心微珠中的一种或多种；硅酸盐粉料包括云母、珍珠岩、高岭土、海泡石和硅藻土中的一种或多种，空心微珠包括空心玻璃微珠和空心陶瓷微珠中的至少一种。
图1a-图1e提供的防火涂层100为双层结构，其中的隔热层11含有一定量的隔热填料，阻燃层12含有阻燃剂，当将防火涂层100应用到LED显示屏上时，热导率低的隔热填料可以较好地隔绝外部高热量传导到LED显示屏的屏体上，防止屏体温度过高；阻燃剂可以在外部热的作用下受热膨胀，并形成泡沫质碳层，阻隔部分外部热量及隔绝空气，在二者的相互配合下，能显著提高显示屏的防火阻燃性能，较好地预防外界温度高引起的火灾。
可选地，隔热层11和阻燃层12在可见光区(如380-760nm)的光透过率均大于或等于70％。这样，当将双层式的防火涂层100用在LED显示屏上时，不会影响LED显示屏的显示效果。
优选地，隔热填料为透明状、白色或浅色，这样不会使隔热层11的透光率过低。
本申请中，空心微珠这一隔热填料具有中空轻质的特点，外观多为球形，其具有相互独立的中空微观结构，能有效阻隔热量传递，具有较高的隔热性能。可选地，空心微珠的粒径不超过60μm，壁厚可以为1-2μm。例如，空心玻璃微珠的粒径可以为10～60μm，进一步为40～60μm。空心玻璃微珠具体可以为 比重为0.20～0.60g/L的硼硅酸盐空心玻璃微珠。空心陶瓷微球的粒径可以为1～5μm。
气凝胶是一种轻质、多孔的非晶固态材料，它的多孔结构小于空气的平均自由行程，可极大地限制导热性，增强隔热性能。其中，气凝胶的气孔率可以为80％-95％，例如为80-90％。气孔的孔径可以10nm-1μm，优选为10nm-200nm，更优选为10-50nm。较小的气孔、较大的孔隙率可使气凝胶的隔热性能更优异。可选地，气凝胶的粒径可以不超过10μm，例如可以为1-3μm。其中，气凝胶的热导率可以不超过0.04W/(m·K)，例如为0.01-0.035W/(m·K)。
其中，气凝胶可以包括氧化物气凝胶、有机气凝胶和碳气凝胶中的一种或多种，但不限于此。氧化物气凝胶可以列举二氧化硅气凝胶、二氧化钛气凝胶、氧化铝气凝胶等。有机气凝胶可以列举间苯二酚-甲醛气凝胶、三聚氰胺-甲醛气凝胶等。将有机气凝胶进行碳化后可以得到碳气凝胶，例如石墨烯气凝胶。
本申请中，上述硅酸盐粉料的热导率低于0.1W/(m·K)，例如可以为0.03-0.09W/(m·K)。可选地，硅酸盐粉料的粒径不超过40μm，例如可以为10-30μm。硅酸盐粉料中，云母为鳞片状结构，珍珠岩、高岭土、海泡石、硅藻土具有多孔结构，珍珠岩还具有圆弧形裂纹，它们均具有较好的隔热性能。
本申请一实施方式中，隔热填料包括气凝胶、空心玻璃微珠和空心陶瓷微珠。这样的隔热填料中，两种空心微珠与气凝胶的联合作用，可赋予隔热层11较低的热导率，例如热导率为0.01-0.05W/(m·K)，并使隔热层12的质量较轻。可选地，气凝胶、空心玻璃微珠和空心陶瓷微珠的质量比为1：(0.1-10)：(0.1-10)。
本申请另一实施方式中，隔热填料包括气凝胶、空心玻璃微珠、空心陶瓷 微珠，以及云母。此时的隔热填料中，两种空心微珠与气凝胶，及云母这一硅酸盐粉料的综合作用，可在赋予隔热层11较低的热导率之外，还提高其机械强度和耐腐蚀性。可选地，气凝胶、空心玻璃微珠、空心陶瓷微珠、云母的质量比为1：(0.1-10)：(0.1-10)：(0.1-10)。
隔热层11中的第一成膜树脂可以选自环氧树脂、硅树脂、丙烯酸树脂、酚醛树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、有机硅改性环氧树脂、有机硅改性聚酯树脂和有机硅改性丙烯酸树脂中的一种或多种，但不限于此。优选地，采用粘结力强、耐高温性能的树脂，以提高隔热层11的稳定性，并避免额外使用粘结剂。
隔热层11中的第一助剂可以不限于包括分散剂、润湿剂、固化剂、流平剂和附着力促进剂中的一种或多种。助剂主要是为了提升涂层的可施工性能和/或成膜性能。其中，固化剂可有助于使成膜树脂快速固化成膜，分散剂有助于使上述各原料形成均匀分散的涂料，流平剂可以有助于形成表面平整的膜层。附着力促进剂可以提供隔热涂层与基材或其他涂层之间的附着力、耐盐雾等。
其中，固化剂可以选自改性胺类固化剂、咪唑类固化剂和双氰胺类固化剂中的一种或多种，但不限于此。分散剂可以选自BYK-ATU和BYK-110中的至少一种，但不限于此。润湿剂的加入也可提高上述各原料之间的相容性，还可实现涂料对待附着基体的良好浸润。其中，润湿剂可以选自BYK-W-9010、BYK-W-9012、BYK-W-996和BYK-W-995等中的至少一种，但不限于此。
其中，流平剂可以包括但不限于纯丙烯酸流平剂(如BYK 358N)、氟改性丙烯酸流平剂、磷酸酯改性丙烯酸流平剂、氟碳化合物类流平剂(如 EFKA3777)、有机硅流平剂(如BYK300、BYK306)中的一种或多种。
其中，附着力促进剂可以包括硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯类偶联剂和铝酸酯类偶联剂中的一种或多种。其中，硅烷类偶联剂可以包括γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷、环氧基三甲氧基硅烷、氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、2-氨乙基-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷和二乙烯三氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或多种。钛酸酯类偶联剂可以包括异丙基二油酸酰氧基(二辛基磷酸酰氧基)钛酸酯、异丙基三(二辛基磷酸酰氧基)钛酸酯、三异硬酯酸钛酸异丙酯、三异硬酯酸钛酸异丙酯和四异丙基二(二辛基亚磷酸酰氧基)钛酸酯中的一种或多种。铝酸酯类偶联剂可以包括二硬脂酰氧异丙基铝酸酯、DL-411、DL-411AF、DL-411D、DL-411DF、防沉降性铝酸酯ASA等中一种或多种。
隔热层11可以通过包含上述第一成膜树脂、隔热填料、第一助剂和溶剂的隔热涂料形成。隔热层11可以通过喷墨、丝网印刷、涂覆或镀膜等方式形成，但不限于此。其中，涂覆可以包括浸涂、喷涂、刷涂等。可选地，隔热层11的厚度为0.1mm-0.5mm。
可选地，隔热层11中包含均匀分散的气孔，气孔的直径为0.001mm-0.1mm。隔热层中的气孔可以通过调整具体制备工艺的参数来形成，例如通过调节隔热涂料的粘度、固化温度及时间等来调整气孔的大小及分布情况。由于气体的热导率低于固体，气孔的存在可以进一步提高隔热层11的隔热效果。
阻燃层12中的阻燃剂可以包括无机阻燃剂和/或有机阻燃剂。其中，无机阻燃剂包括氮化硼、氮化铝、二氧化硅、二氧化钛、三氧化二锑、氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝、硼酸锌和滑石粉中的一种或多种，但不限于此。有机阻燃剂包括三 聚氰胺及其盐、尿素、亚氨脲、聚磷酸铵、卤代烃、磷酸酯、DOPO等中的一种或多种，但不限于此。优选地，阻燃剂为无机阻燃剂和有机阻燃剂的混合，这样在使阻燃层12具有一定阻燃性能的同时，还具有合适的机械强度，可以无需再外加其他填料或助剂来提升机械性能。优选地，其中的有机阻燃剂为聚磷酸铵、磷酸酯、DOPO等含磷阻燃剂中的一种或多种。含磷阻燃剂的阻燃效果较高，且多为膨胀型阻燃剂，受热下能较易膨胀形成泡沫质碳层，可以隔绝氧气和部分热量。可选地，无机阻燃剂的粒径为15nm～100nm，颜色最好为白色或其他浅色。
类似地，阻燃层12中的第二成膜树脂可以选自环氧树脂、硅树脂、丙烯酸树脂、酚醛树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、有机硅改性环氧树脂、有机硅改性聚酯树脂和有机硅改性丙烯酸树脂中的一种或多种，但不限于此。该第二成膜树脂可以与上述第一成膜树脂相同或不同，优选与上述第一成膜树脂相同。类似地，阻燃层12中的第二助剂可以不限于包括分散剂、润湿剂、固化剂、流平剂、发泡剂和附着力促进剂中的一种或多种。第二助剂可以与上述第一助剂的种类相同或不同。优选地，第二助剂及第一助剂中最好含有分散剂。
类似地，阻燃层12可以通过包含上述第二成膜树脂、阻燃剂、无机填料、第二助剂及溶剂的阻燃涂料形成。阻燃层12可以通过喷墨、丝网印刷、涂覆或镀膜等方式形成，但不限于此。其中，涂覆可以包括浸涂、喷涂、刷涂等。可选地，阻燃层12的厚度可以为0.1mm-0.5mm。
可选地，防火涂层100的总厚度可以为0.2mm-1mm。
在本申请一实施方式中，防火涂层100包括隔热层11和阻燃层12。其中，隔热层11包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：环氧树脂：50％，隔热填料：45％ (具体为6％的云母、8％的空心玻璃微珠、6％的空心陶瓷微珠、25％的SiO 2气凝胶)，助剂：5％(具体为2.5％的固化剂、1％的硅烷偶联剂、1.5％的分散剂)。阻燃层12包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：羟基丙烯酸树脂：40％，阻燃剂：50％(具体为10％的二氧化钛粉料、40％的含磷有机阻燃剂)，助剂：10％(具体为4％的分散剂、3％的润湿剂、3％的流平剂)。
在本申请另一实施方式中，防火涂层100包括隔热层11和阻燃层12。其中，隔热层11包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：硅树脂：50％，隔热填料：40％(具体为10％的空心玻璃微珠、10％的空心陶瓷微珠、20％的SiO 2气凝胶)，助剂：10％(具体为2％的硅烷偶联剂、3％的分散剂、2％的润湿剂、3％的流平剂)。阻燃层12包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：聚氨酯树脂：45％，羟基丙烯酸树脂：6％，阻燃剂：44％(具体为12％的氢氧化铝粉料、20％的磷酸三苯酯、6％的尿素、6％的双氰胺)，助剂：5％(具体为2％的分散剂、1％的润湿剂、2％的附着力促进剂)。
参见图2，本申请实施例还提供了一种防火涂层200，该防火涂层200为单层结构，防火涂层200包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：成膜树脂：30％～55％，隔热填料：20％～40％，阻燃剂：20％～40％，助剂：1％～10％；其中，隔热填料包括硅酸盐粉料、气凝胶和空心微珠中的一种或多种；硅酸盐粉料包括云母、珍珠岩、高岭土、海泡石和硅藻土中的一种或多种，空心微珠包括空心玻璃微珠和空心陶瓷微珠中的至少一种。
可选地，上述助剂可以不限于包括分散剂、润湿剂、固化剂、流平剂、发泡剂和附着力促进剂中的一种或多种。
图2中，防火涂层200为单层结构，其同时含有一定量的隔热填料及阻燃 剂，其中，热导率低的隔热填料可以较好地隔绝外部高热量传导到LED显示屏的屏体上，防止屏体温度过高；阻燃剂可以阻隔部分外部热量及隔绝空气，在二者的相互配合下，能显著提高显示屏的防火阻燃性能，较好地预防外界温度高引起的火灾。
该防火涂层200中，隔热填料和阻燃剂的材质选择范围如上所述，成膜树脂、助剂的选择范围分别同上述第一成膜树脂、第一助剂。
类似地，防火涂层200可以通过喷墨、丝网印刷、涂覆或镀膜等方式形成，但不限于此。其中，涂覆可以包括浸涂、喷涂、刷涂等。可选地，防火涂层200的厚度可以为0.1mm-0.5mm。
可选地，防火涂层200中包含均匀分散的气孔，气孔的直径为0.001mm-0.1mm。由于气体的热导率低于固体，气孔的存在可以进一步提高防火涂层200的隔热效果。
本申请一实施方式中，防火涂层200包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：羟基丙烯酸树脂：35％，隔热填料：28％(具体为5％的云母、5％的空心玻璃微珠、5％的空心陶瓷微珠、13％的SiO 2气凝胶)，阻燃剂：30％(具体为10％的氢氧化铝粉料、20％的聚磷酸铵)，助剂：7％(具体为3％的分散剂、2％的流平剂、2％的附着力促进剂)。
本申请另一实施方式中，防火涂层200包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：羟基丙烯酸树脂：30％，隔热填料：20％(具体为5％的空心玻璃微珠、5％的空心陶瓷微珠及13％的SiO 2气凝胶)，阻燃剂：40％(具体为5％的氢氧化铝粉料、5％的二氧化钛及30％的DOPO)，助剂：10％(具体为4％的分散剂、3％的润湿剂、3％的附着力促进剂)。
相应地，本申请实施例还提供一种具有上述防火涂层的LED显示屏。上述防火涂层可以设置在LED显示屏的外表面。具体可以覆盖LED显示屏的所有外表面，或覆盖LED显示屏的部分外表面(如覆盖LED灯板的外表面)。
将本申请提供的上述防火涂层应用于LED显示屏中，防火涂层可以有效隔绝外部热量，防止屏体温度过高，可以大大提高LED显示屏的防火阻燃性能，较好地预防外界温度高引起的火灾，且不会影响LED显示屏的显示效果。
参见图3，本申请一实施方式中，具有上述防火涂层的LED显示屏300包括LED灯板31、承载LED灯板31的底壳32，及防火涂层33。其中，LED灯板31远离底壳32的一侧表面(即，出光面)上设置有多个灯珠311。防火涂层53将LED灯板31和底壳32包裹起来，LED灯板31(及其上的灯珠311)和底壳32均位于防火涂层53的容置空间内。换句话说，防火涂层53覆盖在LED显示屏的所有外表面上，将LED灯板31的外表面(包括灯面及侧面)、底壳32的外表面完全包裹起来。
其中，防火涂层33可以是上述防火涂层100或防火涂层200。当防火涂层33为防火涂层100时，可以先在LED显示屏的外表面制备形成上述隔热层11，再在隔热层11上制备阻燃层12，以使阻燃层12覆盖在隔热层11上；也可以先在LED显示屏的外表面制备形成上述阻燃层12，再在阻燃层12上制备隔热层11，以使隔热层11覆盖在阻燃层12上。优选地，将阻燃层12设置在LED显示屏的最外部，这样可使整体防火涂层的隔热阻燃效果较好。当LED显示屏受到火源攻击时，阻燃层12会膨胀形成炭质层，隔绝外部氧气进入，阻止屏体内部材料燃烧，隔热层11进一步阻隔外部的热量传导到屏体内部。
参见图4，本申请另一实施方式中，具有上述防火涂层的LED显示屏300 除了包括LED灯板31、底壳32、防火涂层33外，还包括导热柱312。导热柱312设置在LED灯板31上，并与LED灯板31的出光面上的灯珠311背向设置，导热柱312延伸至底壳32。本申请中，导热柱312与底壳32接触。导热柱312可以延伸至屏体外部，即，从底壳32中露出。在本申请的其他实施方式中，导热柱312也可以没入底壳32中，不从底壳32中露出。导热柱312的上表面(即，靠近灯珠的表面)可以与LED灯板31的出光面齐平，也可以嵌入LED灯板31中(即，位于出光面之下)。
图4中，防火涂层33可以仅设置在LED显示屏上易燃材料较多的部位，如覆盖LED灯板31的外表面，包括LED灯板31的出光面和侧面。这样在外界温度高于屏体温度时，较少用量的防火涂层33可以隔绝较高的外部热量，以免显示屏起火。导热柱312的材质可以是铜等热导率高的金属。基于LED灯板31上的导热柱312可以与外部金属材质的底壳接触，当LED显示屏的屏体温度高于外界温度时，导热柱611可以将LED灯板31上的热量及时传导到底壳32上，再通过底壳32将热量散发到空气中，实现散热。因此，图4中，通过上述防火涂层33及导热柱312的设置，可以使LED显示屏既具有隔热防火功能，还具有散热功能。
以上实施例仅表达了本申请的示例性实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种防火涂层，其特征在于，所述防火涂层包括隔热层和阻燃层，其中，所述阻燃层覆盖在所述隔热层上或所述隔热层覆盖在所述阻燃层上，所述隔热层包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：
    第一成膜树脂：40％～60％；
    隔热填料：30％～50％；
    第一助剂：1％～10％；
    所述阻燃层包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：
    第二成膜树脂：40％～60％；
    阻燃剂：30％～50％；
    第二助剂：1％～10％；
    其中，所述隔热填料包括硅酸盐粉料、气凝胶和空心微珠中的一种或多种；所述硅酸盐粉料包括云母、珍珠岩、高岭土、海泡石和硅藻土中的一种或多种，所述空心微珠包括空心玻璃微珠和空心陶瓷微珠中的至少一种。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的防火涂层，其特征在于，所述隔热填料为透明状或白色。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的防火涂层，其特征在于，所述隔热填料包括气凝胶、空心玻璃微珠和空心陶瓷微珠。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的防火涂层，其特征在于，所述隔热填料还包括云母。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的防火涂层，其特征在于，所述气凝胶的气孔率为80％-95％，气孔的孔径为10nm-1μm。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的防火涂层，其特征在于，所述第一成膜树脂和所述第二成膜树脂独立地选自环氧树脂、硅树脂、丙烯酸树脂、酚醛树脂、聚酯树脂、聚氨酯树脂、有机硅改性环氧树脂、有机硅改性聚酯树脂和有机硅改性丙烯酸树脂中的一种或多种。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的防火涂层，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂包括无机阻燃剂和/或有机阻燃剂；其中，所述无机阻燃剂包括氮化硼、氮化铝、二氧化硅、二氧化钛、三氧化二锑、氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝、硼酸锌和滑石粉中的一种或多种；所述有机阻燃剂包括三聚氰胺及其盐、尿素、亚氨脲、聚磷酸铵、卤代烃、磷酸酯、DOPO中的一种或多种。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的防火涂层，其特征在于，所述隔热层的厚度为0.1mm-0.5mm。
  9. 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的防火涂层，其特征在于，所述阻燃层的厚度为0.1mm-0.5mm。
  10. 一种防火涂层，其特征在于，所述防火涂层包括以下质量百分含量的各原料：
    成膜树脂：30％～55％；
    隔热填料：20％～40％；
    阻燃剂：20％～40％；
    助剂：1％～10％；
    其中，所述隔热填料包括硅酸盐粉料、气凝胶和空心微珠中的一种或多种；所述硅酸盐粉料包括云母、珍珠岩、高岭土、海泡石和硅藻土中的一种或多种，所述空心微珠包括空心玻璃微珠和空心陶瓷微珠中的至少一种。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的防火涂层，其特征在于，所述隔热填料包括质量比为1：(0.1-10)：(0.1-10)的气凝胶、空心玻璃微珠和空心陶瓷微珠。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的防火涂层，其特征在于，所述隔热填料包括质量比为1：(0.1-10)：(0.1-10)：(0.1-10)的气凝胶、空心玻璃微珠、空心陶瓷微珠和云母。
  13. 如权利要求10-12任一项所述的防火涂层，其特征在于，所述防火涂层的厚度为0.1mm-0.5mm。
  14. 一种LED显示屏，具有如权利要求1-9任一项所述的防火涂层或如权利要求10-13任一项所述的防火涂层。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的LED显示屏，其特征在于，所述LED显示屏包括LED灯板和承载所述LED灯板的底壳，且所述LED灯板远离所述底壳的一侧表面设置有多个灯珠，其中，所述防火涂层包裹所述LED灯板，所述LED灯板位于所述防火涂层的容置空间内。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的LED显示屏，其特征在于，所述防火涂层包裹所述LED灯板和所述底壳，所述LED灯板和所述底壳位于所述防火涂层的容置空间内。
  17. 如权利要求15所述的LED显示屏，其特征在于，所述LED灯板上还设置有导热柱，所述导热柱与所述灯珠背向设置，且所述导热柱延伸至所述底壳。
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