CN110614818A - 一种防火泡沫复合板材及制作方法 - Google Patents

一种防火泡沫复合板材及制作方法 Download PDF

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CN110614818A
CN110614818A CN201810627701.6A CN201810627701A CN110614818A CN 110614818 A CN110614818 A CN 110614818A CN 201810627701 A CN201810627701 A CN 201810627701A CN 110614818 A CN110614818 A CN 110614818A
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刘小蕾
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种防火泡沫复合板材及制作方法，采用防火泡沫板材(或玻璃纤维、碳纤维等可增强材料增强的防火泡沫板材)作为芯材，以铝质涂层板、钢质涂层板、无卤阻燃塑料片材，以及玻璃纤维布层压板等为面材，采用具有阻燃性能的热塑性或热固性的胶粘剂或胶膜来实现芯材与面材的粘合，大大提高了复合板材的阻燃性能，防火泡沫芯材在不添加阻燃剂的情况，其防火性能就能达到国标GB8624B1级标准，难燃、发烟稀少、无有害气体产生，符合环保要求，同时采用以防火泡沫板材(或玻璃纤维、碳纤维等增强材料增强的防火泡沫板材)作为芯材，可使复合板材具有优异的吸音、耐热性能和良好的柔韧性，同时重量特别轻，可应用在对防火性能要求很高的场合应用。

Description

一种防火泡沫复合板材及制作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及复合板材，具体涉及一种防火泡沫复合板材及制作方法。
背景技术
随着人类消防意识的加强，对材料防火性能的要求也越来越高，但现有的轻型防火复合板材一般是以阻燃性的聚氨酯、聚苯乙烯等硬质泡沫塑料为芯材，由于该类塑料自身易燃，为使其符合相关的阻燃法规和标准，常需加入阻燃剂，其中很多阻燃剂在高温下会遇热分解并能产生置人于死地的有毒气体。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题是，提供一种新型的轻型防火复合板材，该复合板材具有良好的防火性能，即使在高温下也不会遇热分解并产生有毒气体，本发明解决的另一个技术问题是，提供一种制作所述轻型防火复合板材的方法，能生产出符合要求的轻型防火复合板材。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案是，构造一种轻型防火泡沫复合板材，包括芯板，采用粘合的方法覆盖在所述芯板两平面上的面板、底板，所述面板和底板是一种金属涂层板，也可以是一种非金属阻燃板，其特征在于，所述芯板是一种三聚氰胺泡沫板材。
在上述按照本发明提供的防火泡沫复合板材中，所述芯板是一种防火泡沫板或具有玻璃纤维或碳纤维增强材料的防火泡沫板。
在上述按照本发明提供的防火泡沫复合板材中，所述所述面板和底板是一种铝合金涂层板，在铝合金面板的表面上涂覆有氟碳树脂或聚脂树脂。
在上述按照本发明提供的防火泡沫复合板材中，所述面板和底板是一种钢质涂层板，在钢质面板的表面上涂覆有氟碳树脂或聚脂树脂。
在上述按照本发明提供的防火泡沫复合板材中，所述面板是一种无卤阻燃塑料片材，所述底板是一种无卤阻燃塑料片材。
在上述按照本发明提供的防火泡沫复合板材中，所述面板和所述底板是一种玻璃纤维布层压板。
在上述按照本发明提供的防火泡沫复合板材中，所述面板是一种玻璃纤维布，所述底板是一种铝合金板。
在上述按照本发明提供的防火泡沫复合板材中，所述芯板的厚度可为2mm一50mm,所述面板和底板的厚度可为0.05mm-4mm。
按照本方面提供的制作防火泡沫复合板材的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤:
在芯板的平面上涂装粘结剂;
将面板和底板与芯板相粘合;
将粘合后的板材放在层压机上进行热复合;
在150℃温度下加压热复合5分钟;
将热复合后的板材取出冷却。
在上述防火泡沫复合板材的制作方法中，所述粘结剂是一种热塑性或热固性阻燃胶粘剂。
实施本发明的复合板材，采用防火泡沫板材(或玻璃纤维、碳纤维等可增强材料增强的防火泡沫板材) 作为芯材，以铝质涂层板、钢质涂层板、无卤阻燃塑料片材，以及玻璃纤维布层压板等为面材，采用具有阻燃性能的热塑性或热固性的胶粘剂或胶膜来实现芯材与面材的粘合，大大提高了复合板材的阻燃性能，防火泡沫芯材在不添加阻燃剂的情况，其防火性能就能达到国标GB8624B1级标准，难燃、发烟稀少、无有害气体产生，符合环保要求，同时采用以防火泡沫板材(或玻璃纤维、碳纤维等增强材料增强的防火泡沫板材)作为芯材，可使复合板材具有优异的吸音、耐热性能和良好的柔韧性，同时重量特别轻，可应用在对防火性能要求很高的场合应用。
附图说明
图1为本发明防火泡沫复合板材的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
由本发明提供的防火泡沫复合板材，包括芯板，采用粘合的方法覆盖在芯板两平面上的面板、底板;为使得轻型防火复合板材在高温时不会分解和产生有毒气体，芯板可采用的防火泡沫板(或玻璃纤维、碳纤维等增强材料强的防火泡沫)芯板的厚度一般为2.0mm-50mm之间，可采用铝合金板或涂层板、无卤阻燃塑料片材及玻璃纤维布层压板为面板和底板的厚度一般在0.05mm—4mm之间。
如图1所示，面板3(可采用铝质涂层板、钢质涂层板、阻燃塑料片材和玻璃纤维布)和底板4(可采用铝质涂层板、钢质涂层板、无卤阻燃塑料片材及玻璃纤维布层压板)通过采用阻燃性能的热塑性或热固性的胶粘剂或胶膜层2、5与防火泡沫板材(或玻璃纤维、碳纤维等增强材料增强的防火泡沫板材)为芯材层1紧密粘结在一起形成夹层结构，如果面板3和底板4所使用的材料为铝合金板，还可在其表面上涂装氟碳树脂涂层或聚脂树脂，可使该轻型防火复合板材具有极其优良的耐候性、耐腐蚀性和抗粉化性、也可根据使用环境的需求，在本发明的轻型防火复合板材上涂装其它树脂涂层。
通过下面两个具体实施例进一步说明本发明，
实施例1：以0.5mm厚的涂覆有氟碳树脂的铝合金作面板，以0.5mm厚铝合金作底板，以4mm厚的玻璃纤维增强的防火泡沫板材为芯材，采用阻燃环氧树脂胶粘剂来实现面材与芯板的粘结，在150℃温度下，在层压机上进行热复合，复合时间为5分钟，复合后经冷却即制得轻型防火复合板材，这种防火板材可应用在地铁车辆的天花板装饰上。可起到隔音、减震、隔热的作用，这种防火板材还可用于制作电梯的围墙和天花板，其低容重性更有利于电梯的节能，并可使电梯箱体的重心下移，使电梯的运行更稳定。
实施例2：
以0.2mm的阻燃玻璃纤维层压板为面板，以0.5mm厚的铝合金作底板，2mm厚的防火泡沫板材为芯板，以阻燃聚氨酯胶粘剂来实现铝合金板与防火泡沫板材的粘结，以酚醛树脂胶粘剂来实现阻燃玻璃纤维层压板和防火泡沫板材的粘结，在层压机上经热复合后制得复合板材，这种轻型防火复合板材可在对防火性能和隔音性能要求较高的公共场所的室内墙壁装饰上应用。
由本发明提供的防火泡沫复合板材，以防火泡沫板材(或玻璃纤维、碳纤雄等增强材料增强的防火泡沫板材)作为芯材，大大提高了复合板材的阻燃性能，防火泡沫芯板在不添加阻燃剂的情况其防火性能能达到国标GB8624B1级标准，难燃、发烟稀少、无有害气体产生，符合环保要求，同时采用以防火泡沫板材(或玻璃纤维、碳纤维等增强材料增强的防火泡沫板材)作为芯材，使复合板材具有优异的吸音、耐热性能和良好的柔韧性，同时重量特别轻，可在对防火性能要求很高的场合应用。

Claims (10)

1.一种防火泡沫复合板材，其特征在于，包括芯板，采用粘合的方法覆盖在所述芯板两平面上的面板和底板，所述面板和底板是一种金属板或金属涂层板，也可以是一种非金属阻燃板，其特征在于，所述芯板是一种三聚氰胺泡沫板。
2.根据权利要求1所述防火泡沫复合板材，其特征在于，所述芯板是一种具有玻璃纤维或碳纤维增强材料的三聚氰胺泡沫板。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述防火泡沫复合板材，其特征在于，所述面板是一种铝合金涂层板，在铝合金表面上涂覆有氟碳树脂或聚脂树脂，所述底板是一种铝合金板。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述防火泡沫复合板材，其特征在于，所述面板和底板是一种钢质涂层板，在钢质表面上涂覆有氟碳树脂涂层，也可以是其它树脂涂层。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述防火泡沫复合板材，其特征在于，所述面板是一种阻燃塑料片材，所述底板是一种无卤阻燃塑料片材。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述防火泡沫复合板材，其特征在于，所述面板和所述底板是一种玻璃纤维布层压板。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述防火泡沫复合板材，其特征在于，所述面板是一种玻璃纤维布层压板，所述底板是一种铝合金板。
8.根据权利要求1—7之一所述防火泡沫复合板材，其特征在于，所述芯板的厚度可为2mm -35mm,所述面板和底板的厚度可为0.05mm一 4mm。
9.一种制作如权利要求1-7之一所述防火泡沫复合板材的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤:
在芯板的平面上涂装粘结剂;
将面板和底板与芯板相粘合；
将粘合后的板材放在层压机上进行热复合；
在150℃温度下加压热复合5分钟;
将热复合后的板材取出冷却。
10.根据权利要求9所述防火泡沫复合板材的制作方法，其特征在于，所述粘结剂是一种热塑性或热固性阻燃胶粘剂。
CN201810627701.6A 2018-06-19 2018-06-19 一种防火泡沫复合板材及制作方法 Withdrawn CN110614818A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112497862A (zh) * 2020-11-25 2021-03-16 湖北达权绿色房屋建材集团有限公司 一种防火板材及其制备方法
CN114179452A (zh) * 2021-12-17 2022-03-15 惠州市民华建材科技有限公司 阻燃轻质泡沫夹芯板及其制造方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112497862A (zh) * 2020-11-25 2021-03-16 湖北达权绿色房屋建材集团有限公司 一种防火板材及其制备方法
CN114179452A (zh) * 2021-12-17 2022-03-15 惠州市民华建材科技有限公司 阻燃轻质泡沫夹芯板及其制造方法

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