WO2022075222A1 - 腸内細菌増殖促進剤、血糖値低減剤、血清コレステロール値低減剤、及びこれらを含有する飲食品組成物 - Google Patents

腸内細菌増殖促進剤、血糖値低減剤、血清コレステロール値低減剤、及びこれらを含有する飲食品組成物 Download PDF

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WO2022075222A1
WO2022075222A1 PCT/JP2021/036467 JP2021036467W WO2022075222A1 WO 2022075222 A1 WO2022075222 A1 WO 2022075222A1 JP 2021036467 W JP2021036467 W JP 2021036467W WO 2022075222 A1 WO2022075222 A1 WO 2022075222A1
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region
area
glucan
molecular weight
intestinal
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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高生 久下
誠治 小池
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Adeka Corp
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Adeka Corp
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/125—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols; containing starch hydrolysates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
    • A61K36/899—Poaceae or Gramineae (Grass family), e.g. bamboo, corn or sugar cane
    • A61K36/8998—Hordeum (barley)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/14—Prodigestives, e.g. acids, enzymes, appetite stimulants, antidyspeptics, tonics, antiflatulents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent, a blood glucose level reducing agent, a serum cholesterol level reducing agent, and a food or drink composition containing these.
  • the balance of intestinal bacteria is important for maintaining good health.
  • many substances have been studied as growth promoting substances of intestinal bacteria, and oligosaccharides such as lactilose and fructooligosaccharide (for example, Patent Document 1) and dietary fiber such as inulin are known.
  • oligosaccharides such as lactilose and fructooligosaccharide (for example, Patent Document 1)
  • dietary fiber such as inulin
  • ⁇ -glucan it is known that ⁇ -1,3-1,6 glucan increases intestinal bacteria (for example, Patent Document 2).
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a novel gut microbiota growth promoting agent capable of improving fermentability in the intestine and promoting the growth of gut microbiota.
  • the present invention includes the following contents.
  • a gramineous plant extract containing 10% by mass or more of ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan in the solid content was used as an active ingredient, and the solid content of the gramineous plant extract was measured by GPC.
  • the intestinal bacterial growth promoter according to. [5] The intestinal bacterial growth according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the intestinal bacterium is at least one selected from Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. Accelerator.
  • a gramineous plant extract containing 10% by mass or more of ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan in the solid content was used as an active ingredient, and the solid content of the gramineous plant extract was measured by GPC.
  • the ratio of the total area of the monosaccharide region and the disaccharide region to the total area of all peaks is 10 to 50%.
  • a gramineous plant extract containing 10% by mass or more of ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan in the solid content was used as an active ingredient, and the solid content of the gramineous plant extract was measured by GPC.
  • a serum cholesterol level reducing agent in which the ratio of the area of the region having a molecular weight of 200,000 or less in terms of standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan to the total area of all peaks in the chromatogram is 70% or more.
  • the ratio of the total area of the monosaccharide region and the disaccharide region to the total area of all peaks is 10 to 50%.
  • a food or drink composition for promoting the growth of intestinal bacteria which comprises the agent according to any one of [1] to [5].
  • a food or drink composition for reducing blood glucose level which comprises the agent according to any one of [6] to [8].
  • a food or drink composition for reducing serum cholesterol levels which comprises the agent according to any one of [9] to [11].
  • a novel gut microbiota growth promoting agent capable of improving fermentability in the intestine and promoting the growth of gut microbiota. Since such an intestinal bacterial growth promoter does not easily inhibit the taste of the food or drink when added to the food or drink, it can be used in a wide range of food or drink, and has an effect of reducing fasting blood glucose level and cholesterol in serum. It also has a reducing effect and is extremely beneficial for maintaining the health of the ingested target.
  • the present invention further comprises a novel blood glucose level reducing agent capable of promoting the growth of intestinal bacteria and reducing the fasting blood glucose level, and a novel serum cholesterol level capable of promoting the growth of intestinal bacteria and reducing the serum cholesterol level. Reducing agents can also be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is an image diagram showing the ratio of the area of the molecular weight region in the chromatogram obtained by GPC measurement of the solid content in the gramineous plant extract.
  • FIG. 2 shows the amount of ⁇ -glucan excreted in feces (left figure) and the ⁇ -glucan fermentation rate when the feeds A and B containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoter according to the embodiment of the present invention are ingested. (Right figure) is shown.
  • FIG. 3 shows the measurement results of the cecal weight when the feeds A and B containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent and the control feed according to the embodiment of the present invention are ingested.
  • FIG. 1 is an image diagram showing the ratio of the area of the molecular weight region in the chromatogram obtained by GPC measurement of the solid content in the gramineous plant extract.
  • FIG. 2 shows the amount of ⁇ -glucan excreted in feces (left figure) and the ⁇ -glucan fermentation rate when the feeds A and B containing
  • FIG. 4 shows the measurement results of the short-chain fatty acid concentration in the cecum when the feeds A and B containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent and the control feed according to the embodiment of the present invention were ingested.
  • the upper figure shows the acetic acid concentration, and the lower figure shows the propionic acid concentration.
  • FIG. 5 shows the measurement results of the number of bacteria in the cecum when the feeds A and B containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent and the control feed according to the embodiment of the present invention are ingested.
  • the upper figure shows Bifidobacterium bacteria, the middle figure shows Bacteroides bacteria, and the lower figure shows Lactobacillus bacteria.
  • FIG. 6 shows the measurement results of the fasting blood glucose level when the feeds A and B containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent and the control feed according to the embodiment of the present invention were ingested.
  • FIG. 7 shows the measurement results of serum cholesterol levels when feeds A and B containing an intestinal bacterial growth promoter and a control feed according to an embodiment of the present invention are ingested.
  • the upper figure shows the LDL cholesterol level, and the lower figure shows the HDL cholesterol level.
  • the intestinal bacterial growth promoter of the present invention contains a gramineous plant extract as an active ingredient.
  • the gramineous plant extract means an extract obtained by extracting a solvent-soluble component from a gramineous plant.
  • Examples of gramineous plants for obtaining gramineous plant extracts include rice, wheat, corn, morokoshi, barley, millet, millet, barley, oats (crow barley) and Grains such as barley can be mentioned.
  • any of bran, bran, malt, germ and endosperm sites obtained in the grain refining step may be used, including crushed whole seeds (whole grain flour). It is preferable that the whole grain flour of barley or oats, the endosperm portion obtained by grinding these grains from the outer periphery, and the bran, rice bran, wheat or corn bran or germ generated at that time, and more preferably barley. Whole grains of wheat and barley, the endosperm portion obtained by grinding these grains from the outer periphery, and the bran generated at that time.
  • ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan since the content of ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan is relatively high, it is preferable to use whole barley seeds (whole grains).
  • the ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan content of barley varies depending on the variety, but it is easy to obtain an extract containing 10% by mass or more of ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan in the solid content. It is preferably 3% by mass or more, more preferably 7% by mass or more.
  • the ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan content of barley can be measured by the same method as the measurement of the ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan content in the solid content of the grass extract described later.
  • the extraction method for obtaining an extract from a gramineous plant is not particularly limited, and the gramineous plant may be added to an extraction solvent for extraction, and an extract insoluble in the solvent may be separated to obtain an extract.
  • the extraction solvent is not particularly limited, and water, hot water, hot water or salt solution, an acid or alkaline aqueous solution, an organic solvent and the like can be used.
  • ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan in rice plants can be dissolved in water as a water-soluble polymer, so that it is water, hot water, hot water or salt solution, and further acid or alkaline.
  • any one of the aqueous solutions of the above, or a combination thereof more preferably water, hot water or hot water, and further preferably using hot water having a temperature of 4 ° C. or higher and 80 ° C. or lower.
  • the hot water is more preferably 10 ° C. or higher and 80 ° C. or lower, further preferably 25 ° C. or higher and 80 ° C. or lower, and particularly preferably 40 ° C. or higher and 70 ° C. or lower.
  • the amount of the extraction solvent used for the gramineous plant as a raw material is not particularly limited, and for example, the amount used can be arbitrarily set in the range of 2 to 100 times the amount (based on mass) with respect to the raw material.
  • the extraction time is not particularly limited, but when the hot water of 4 ° C. or higher and 80 ° C. or lower is used, the extraction time is about 10 minutes to 24 hours. Further, an extraction accelerator or the like can be added at the time of extraction.
  • the extraction method for example, as a method for obtaining a high molecular weight ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan from barley or oat, a method of producing by water extraction using polywax barley as a raw material (for example).
  • a method for obtaining a water-soluble ⁇ -glucan having a weight average molecular weight of 100,000 to 1,000,000 by using barley or oat as a raw material and then neutralizing or precipitating alcohol see, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-11197.
  • a method for extracting water-soluble ⁇ -glucan in hot water at 80 to 90 ° C. using barley bran having a fermented yield of 82% or less as a raw material for example, JP-A-11-225706). (Refer to the official gazette, etc.) and the like.
  • ⁇ -1,3-1,4 glucan contained in the grass extract has a high thickening effect, it can be reduced in molecular weight by a known method.
  • a method for reducing the molecular weight of the above ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan any of the known hydrolysis reactions of polysaccharides can be used.
  • water-soluble polysaccharides are hydrolyzed by pressurizing and heating in the presence of an acid, and this can be used to reduce the molecular weight.
  • it is also effective to reduce the molecular weight by utilizing a hydrolysis reaction by an enzyme, and 1,3- ⁇ -glucanase or the like can be used as such an enzyme.
  • the rice plant extract can be produced by any of the above-mentioned extracts themselves, purified extracts separated into solid and liquid after concentration, concentrated liquids and pastes, and powdered solids. It can be used in any form, in any form, or in any purity.
  • the rice plant extract thus obtained contains components other than ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan, for example, saccharides such as monosaccharides and disaccharides, amylose, amylopectin, arabinoxylan, and xyloglucan. Polysaccharides other than ⁇ -1,3-1,4 glucan, water-soluble proteins, etc. are also included.
  • the intestinal bacterial growth promoter of the present invention comprises a gramineous plant extract containing ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan in an amount of 10% by mass or more in a solid content as an active ingredient.
  • a gramineous plant extract containing ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan in an amount of 10% by mass or more in a solid content as an active ingredient.
  • GPC chromatogram obtained by GPC measurement of the solid content of the gramineous plant extract
  • the proportion of the area of the region having a molecular weight of 200,000 or less is 70% or more.
  • the content of ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan in the gramineous plant extract is in terms of solid mass. It is more preferably 15% by mass or more, still more preferably 16% by mass or more, 18% by mass or more, 20% by mass or more, 22% by mass or more, 24% by mass or more, or 25% by mass or more.
  • the content of ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan in the grass extract is in such a range, it is preferable from the viewpoint of realizing an intestinal bacterial growth promoter having less sweetness and unpleasant taste.
  • the content of -1,3-1,4-glucan is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 48% by mass or less, 46% by mass or less, 45% by mass or less, 44% by mass or less in terms of solid content. It is 42% by mass or less or 40% by mass or less.
  • the ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan content in the solid content of the Gramineae plant extract can be measured by the McCreery method (enzymatic method).
  • McCreery method enzyme method
  • the measurement sample sifted with an opening of 500 ⁇ m (30 mesh) is subjected to infrared rays.
  • the water content is measured in advance using a moisture meter (model number FD-230, manufactured by Kett), and the amount of anhydrous substance W (mg) is calculated.
  • ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan content can be determined by the following formula.
  • F and W are as follows.
  • F (100) / (absorbance EG of 100 ⁇ g glucose)
  • W amount of anhydrous substance (mg)
  • the grass extract which is an active ingredient in the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent of the present invention, is a standard ⁇ -1 for the total area of all peaks in the GPC chromatogram from the viewpoint of realizing the growth promoting effect of intestinal bacteria.
  • 3-1,4-Glucan equivalent The ratio of the area of the region having a molecular weight of 200,000 or less is preferably 70% or more.
  • the ratio of the area of the region having a molecular weight of 200,000 or less is from the viewpoint of obtaining an intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent having a better effect of promoting the growth of intestinal bacteria, and also from the viewpoint of obtaining an intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent having good solubility in water. From the viewpoint of obtaining an accelerator, it is more preferably 75% or more, still more preferably 76% or more, 78% or more, 80% or more, 82% or more, 84% or more or 85% or more.
  • the upper limit of the ratio of the area of the region having a molecular weight of 200,000 or less is not particularly limited and may be 100%, 99% or less, 98% or less, 96% or less, 95% or less, and the like.
  • the ratio of the area of the region having a molecular weight of less than 1,000 in terms of standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan to the total area is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 15% or more, still more preferably 20% or more. 22% or more, 24% or more, 25% or more, 26% or more, 28% or more, or 30% or more.
  • the upper limit of the ratio of the area of the region having a molecular weight of less than 1,000 is preferably 60% or less, more preferably 55% or less. More preferably, it is 50% or less, 48% or less, 46% or less, 45% or less, 44% or less, 42% or less, or 40% or less.
  • the ratio of the area of the region having a molecular weight of less than 1,000 is in such a range, it is also preferable from the viewpoint of realizing an intestinal bacterial growth promoter having less sweetness and unpleasant taste.
  • the molecular weight of standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan equivalent to the total area of all peaks 1 The proportion of the area of the region of 000 to 200,000 is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 35% or more, 36% or more, 38% or more or 40% or more.
  • the upper limit of the ratio of the area of the region having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 200,000 is preferably 70% or less, more preferably 68% or less, 67% or less, 66% or less, or 65% or less.
  • the gramineous plant extract which is an active ingredient in the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent of the present invention, is a monosaccharide and a disaccharide from the viewpoint of obtaining an intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent having a better growth promoting effect on the intestinal bacteria.
  • the content is preferably in a specific range. Specifically, in the GPC chromatogram, the ratio of the total area of the monosaccharide region and the disaccharide region to the total area of all peaks is 10 to 50%, and the disaccharide region is larger than the monosaccharide region area. It is preferable that the area of the region is large.
  • an intestinal bacterial growth promoter having less sweetness and unpleasant taste can be realized, and an intestinal bacterial growth promoter having good solubility in water can be obtained. It is also preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining.
  • the proportion of the total area of the disaccharide region is more preferably 12% or more, 14% or more, 15% or more or 16% or more.
  • the upper limit of the ratio of the total area of the monosaccharide region and the disaccharide region is more preferably 45% or less, 40% or less, 35% or less, and 30% or less from the viewpoint of obtaining an intestinal bacterial growth promoter having less sweetness. Or 25% or less.
  • the area of the disaccharide region is larger than the area of the monosaccharide region, but the “area of the disaccharide region / area of the monosaccharide region” in the GPC chromatogram is From the viewpoint of realizing an intestinal bacterial growth promoter having less sweetness and unpleasant taste, it is preferably 1.1 or more, more preferably 1.3 or more, still more preferably 1.5 or more.
  • the upper limit of the area ratio is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 5 or less, 3 or less, 2.5 or less, and the like.
  • the peaks of monosaccharides and disaccharides can be easily analyzed by comparing with standard monosaccharides such as glucose and standard disaccharides such as maltose. Specifically, it can be analyzed by a method described later.
  • the standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan-equivalent molecular weight of 200 with respect to the total area of all peaks in the GPC chromatogram regardless of the types of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and other components and their content ratios, the standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan-equivalent molecular weight of 200 with respect to the total area of all peaks in the GPC chromatogram.
  • the ratio of the area of the region of 000 or less is 70% or more, and preferably, the area of the region having a molecular weight of less than 1,000 in terms of standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan with respect to the total area of all peaks.
  • the ratio is 10% or more, and / or the area of the monosaccharide region and the disaccharide region is 10 to 50% in total with respect to the total area of the total peak, and the disaccharide region is larger than the monosaccharide region.
  • the ratio of the area of the region and / or the ratio of the total area of the monosaccharide region and the disaccharide region is within the above-mentioned preferable range, and the relationship between the monosaccharide region and the disaccharide region is the above-mentioned relationship.
  • the satisfied rice plant extract can be obtained by appropriately setting the extraction conditions when ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan is extracted from the rice family plant by the above-mentioned extraction method.
  • the ⁇ -glucan composition can be efficiently produced when the content of ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan is high in the crushed barley product, ⁇ -1, the crushed barley product is preliminarily classified. It is more preferable to increase the content of 3-1,4-glucan or to use a ground barley product having a high ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan content.
  • the glycolytic enzyme can be appropriately used as long as it can reduce the molecular weight of the components contained in barley.
  • the glycolytic enzyme preferably contains amylase, cellulase, or amylase and cellulase. The amount of the enzyme added can be appropriately set depending on the activity thereof.
  • the ratio of the area of each molecular weight region in the GPC chromatogram is the ratio of the area of the region having a standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan equivalent molecular weight of 200,000 or less to the area of the entire region, and the standard ⁇ -1,3. Calculated as the ratio of the area of the region having a -1,4-glucan-equivalent molecular weight of less than 1,000 and the ratio of the area of the standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan-equivalent molecular weight of 1,000 to 200,000. It shall be.
  • the region of the standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan-equivalent molecular weight of 1,000 to 200,000 is the standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan-equivalent molecular weight of 1,000 and the standard ⁇ -1
  • Regions sandwiched between 3-1,4-glucan-equivalent molecular weight of 200,000, and regions with standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan-equivalent molecular weight of less than 1,000 are standard ⁇ -1
  • Regions sandwiched between 3-1,4-glucan-equivalent molecular weight of 1,000 and molecular weight of 0 are defined, and regions with standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan-equivalent molecular weight of 200,000 or less are these regions. It is the total of.
  • the area ratio in the GPC chromatogram is not only the value of ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan but also the gramineous plant extract containing components other than ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan. It is a value as
  • the molecular weight in the above GPC measurement is a molecular weight equivalent to standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan (manufactured by Megasim) measured by GPC (gel permeation chromatography), and specifically, the following apparatus and column. Use the value measured in. ⁇ Equipment EcoSEC HLC8320GPC (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) -Column TSK GEL G6000PWXL (manufactured by Tosoh) -Shodex Sugar SB-802 (manufactured by Showa Denko)
  • the following conditions can be adopted. ⁇ Eluent Milli-Q Isocratic elution with water ⁇ Flow rate 0.5 mL / min ⁇ Measurement temperature 60 °C (column, inlet, RI) ⁇ Detection RI detection (45 ° C) ⁇ Analysis time 60 minutes ⁇ Sample concentration 1 mg / mL ⁇ Sample injection volume 50 ⁇ L -GPC analysis software (HLC8320GPC, EcoSEC data analysis Ver1.07, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation)
  • the ratio of the area of the standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan-equivalent molecular weight region of 1,000 to 200,000 can be specifically calculated by the following procedure.
  • ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan (“ ⁇ -Glucan MW Standards”, manufactured by Megazyme) is used as a standard substance, and laminari-oligosaccharide [2-5] (Megazyme) is used as a low molecular weight correction substance.
  • a calibration curve is prepared using (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and glucose (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.). Then, the obtained calibration curve data is input to the GPC analysis software.
  • a chromatogram of a gramineous plant extract is prepared.
  • the vertical axis represents the detection intensity (mV) and the horizontal axis represents the elution time.
  • the total area of all peaks of the chromatogram is calculated.
  • the total area of all peaks in the chromatogram is the sum of the peak areas of all the peaks appearing in the chromatogram. Further, as shown in FIG.
  • the area of the region X between the elution time T 2 of 4-glucan was calculated using GPC analysis software, and the molecular weight of the region was 1,000 to 200,000 in terms of standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan. The area.
  • the molecular weight in terms of standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan with respect to the total area of all peaks is 1,000 to Calculate the proportion of the area of 200,000 areas.
  • the above area is calculated by drawing a baseline in the chromatogram parallel to the time axis with reference to the state of only the eluent, and calculating based on the baseline.
  • the ratio of the area of the region having a molecular weight of 200,000 or less in terms of standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan is the ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan having a molecular weight of 200,000 in the obtained chromatogram.
  • the peak area after the elution time T 1 may be calculated by dividing the peak area by the total area of all peaks and multiplying the value obtained by 100.
  • the ratio of the area of the monosaccharide region and the area of the disaccharide region can be specifically calculated by the following procedure.
  • the monosaccharide standard product is used to specify the elution time of the monosaccharide in the GPC measurement.
  • the data is input to GPC analysis software prior to the preparation of the chromatogram of the gramineous plant extract.
  • a chromatogram of a gramineous plant extract is prepared as described above.
  • the area of the region of the time when the monosaccharide was eluted in the obtained chromatogram was calculated in the same manner as above, and used as the area of the region of the monosaccharide.
  • the area of the disaccharide region is calculated in the same manner. Then, by dividing the total value of the area of the obtained monosaccharide region and the area of the disaccharide region by the total area of all peaks and multiplying by 100, the monosaccharide with respect to the total area of all peaks. Calculate the ratio of the total area of the area of the disaccharide and the area of the disaccharide.
  • a monosaccharide standard product used to identify the peak of a monosaccharide for example, glucose (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) can be used.
  • the disaccharide standard product used to identify the peak of the disaccharide marker for example, maltose (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), cellobiose (manufactured by Megazyme), and laminaribiose (manufactured by Megazyme) can be used. ..
  • Examples of the intestinal bacterium whose growth is promoted in the present invention include Bifidobacterium bacterium, Bacteroides bacterium, Lactobacillus bacterium and the like.
  • Bifidobacterium bacteria, Bacteroides bacteria and the like can be satisfactorily propagated.
  • the intestinal bacterial growth promoter of the present invention may contain components other than the above-mentioned gramineous plant extract as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
  • Contains pharmaceutically acceptable additives such as excipients, binders, lubricants, disintegrants, emulsifiers, surfactants, bases, solubilizers, suspending agents, carriers and the like. good.
  • examples of the excipient include lactose, sucrose, starch, dextrin and the like.
  • the binder include polyvinyl alcohol, gum arabic, tragant, gelatin, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the like.
  • examples of the lubricant include magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, talc and the like.
  • examples of the disintegrant include crystalline cellulose, agar, gelatin, calcium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate, dextrin and the like.
  • the emulsifier or surfactant include Tween 60, Tween 80, Span 80, glycerin monostearate and the like.
  • Examples of the base include cetostearyl alcohol, lanolin, polyethylene glycol, fish oil (DHA, EPA, etc.), vegetable oil (rice bran oil, olive oil, soybean oil, etc.) and the like.
  • Examples of the solubilizing agent include polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, sodium carbonate, sodium citrate and the like.
  • Examples of the suspending agent include polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate and the like, in addition to the above-mentioned surfactant.
  • the carrier may be appropriately selected depending on the dosage form and the like, and examples thereof include ethanol, water, starch and the like.
  • the intestinal bacterial growth promoter of the present invention may be in any form such as solid (for example, powder), liquid (water-soluble or fat-soluble solution or suspension), paste, etc., and may be a powder, a granule, or a tablet. , Capsules, liquids, suspensions, emulsions and the like.
  • the daily intake of the intestinal bacterial growth promoter of the present invention is preferably 30 mg / day or more, more preferably 300 mg / day or more, and further, in terms of solid content of the gramineous plant extract contained as an active ingredient. It is preferably 3000 mg / day or more. Thereby, a good effect of promoting the growth of intestinal bacteria can be exhibited.
  • the upper limit is preferably 60 g / day or less, more preferably 40 g / day or less, still more preferably 20 g / day or less.
  • the content of the gramineous plant extract in the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent and the dose of the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent may be appropriately determined with reference to the above-mentioned guideline for intake.
  • the method for administering the intestinal bacterial growth promoter to the subject is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include oral administration and enteral administration, and oral administration is preferable because the effects of the present invention are exhibited and administration is easy.
  • the intestinal bacterial growth promoter of the present invention can improve the fermentability in the intestine and promote the growth of intestinal bacteria.
  • the intestinal bacterial growth promoter of the present invention can also be used in a wide range of foods and drinks because it does not easily inhibit the taste of the foods and drinks when added to foods and drinks, and has an effect of reducing fasting blood glucose level and serum. It also has the effect of reducing cholesterol, which is extremely beneficial for maintaining the health of the ingested subject.
  • the intestinal flora is useful for preventing or suppressing diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, and colorectal cancer
  • the intestinal bacterial growth promoter of the present invention can prevent or suppress these diseases. It is also useful as an inhibitor.
  • the administration target of the intestinal bacterial growth promoter of the present invention is not limited to humans, and may be animals other than humans (for example, mammals such as mice, dogs, cats, cows, pigs, and monkeys).
  • the present inventors have found that a gramineous plant extract having a molecular weight in a specific range has an effect of reducing blood glucose level in addition to an effect of promoting the growth of intestinal bacteria. Therefore, the present invention also provides a blood glucose level reducing agent.
  • the blood glucose level reducing agent of the present invention contains a gramineous plant extract as an active ingredient.
  • the gramineous plant extract including its production method, is as described in the above [Gut microbiota growth promoter].
  • the gramineous blood level reducing agent of the present invention comprises a gramineous plant extract containing ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan in an amount of 10% by mass or more in a solid content as an active ingredient, and the gramineous plant extract is used as an active ingredient.
  • the molecular weight in terms of standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan with respect to the total area of all peaks is 200,000 or less.
  • the ratio of the area of the region is 70% or more.
  • the suitable composition of the rice plant extract used as an active ingredient is as described in the above [Gut microbiota growth promoting agent], and "Promoting the growth of intestinal bacteria with a better effect of promoting the growth of intestinal bacteria” It may be applied by replacing “from the viewpoint of obtaining an agent” with “from the viewpoint of obtaining a blood glucose reducing agent having a better blood glucose level reducing effect”.
  • the molecular weight of the standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan equivalent to the total area of all peaks is less than 1,000 in the GPC chromatogram.
  • the ratio of the area of the region is preferably 10% or more. More preferable ranges and embodiments are as described in the above [Gut microbiota growth promoter].
  • the ratio of the total area of the monosaccharide region and the disaccharide region to the total area of all peaks is 10 to 50% in the GPC chromatogram. It is preferable that the area of the disaccharide region is larger than the area of the monosaccharide region. More preferable ranges and embodiments are as described in the above [Gut microbiota growth promoter].
  • ingredients other than the gramineous plant extract that can be contained in the blood glucose reducing agent of the present invention, the dosage form of the blood glucose reducing agent of the present invention, the standard of daily intake, the administration method, and the administration target are also described in the above [ It is the same as that described in [Intestinal Bacterial Growth Promoter].
  • the blood glucose level reducing agent of the present invention can also be used as an agent for preventing or suppressing these diseases. It is useful.
  • a gramineous plant extract having a molecular weight in a specific range also has an effect of reducing serum cholesterol level in addition to an effect of promoting growth of intestinal bacteria and an effect of reducing blood glucose level. Therefore, the present invention also provides a serum cholesterol level reducing agent.
  • the serum cholesterol level reducing agent of the present invention contains a gramineous plant extract as an active ingredient.
  • the gramineous plant extract including its production method, is as described in the above [Gut microbiota growth promoter].
  • the serum cholesterol level reducing agent of the present invention contains a gramineous plant extract containing ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan in an amount of 10% by mass or more in a solid content as an active ingredient, and the rice thereof.
  • GPC chromatogram obtained by GPC measurement of the solid content of the grass extract
  • the molecular weight in terms of standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan with respect to the total area of all peaks is 200,000 or less.
  • the ratio of the area of the region is 70% or more.
  • the suitable composition of the gramineous plant extract used as an active ingredient is as described in the above [Gut microbiota growth promoting agent], and "Promoting the growth of intestinal bacteria with a better effect of promoting the growth of intestinal bacteria" "From the viewpoint of obtaining an agent” may be read as "from the viewpoint of obtaining a serum cholesterol level reducing agent having a better effect of reducing the serum cholesterol level” and applied.
  • the molecular weight of the standard ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan equivalent to the total area of all peaks is 1,000 in the GPC chromatogram. It is preferable that the ratio of the area of the area less than 10% is 10% or more. More preferable ranges and embodiments are as described in the above [Gut microbiota growth promoter].
  • the ratio of the total area of the monosaccharide region and the disaccharide region to the total area of all peaks is 10 to 50 in the GPC chromatogram. %, And it is preferable that the area of the disaccharide region is larger than the area of the monosaccharide region. More preferable ranges and embodiments are as described in the above [Gut microbiota growth promoter].
  • ingredients other than the gramineous plant extract that can be contained in the serum cholesterol level reducing agent of the present invention, the dosage form of the serum cholesterol level reducing agent of the present invention, the standard of daily intake, the administration method, and the administration target are also included. It is the same as that described in the above [Gut microbiota growth promoter].
  • the serum cholesterol level reducing action is useful for prevention or suppression of diseases such as hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and cerebral infarction
  • the serum cholesterol level reducing agent of the present invention is for preventing or suppressing these diseases. It is also useful as an agent for.
  • the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent, the blood glucose level reducing agent, and the serum cholesterol level reducing agent of the present invention may be contained in foods and drinks.
  • the present invention also provides a food or drink composition containing the agent of the present invention.
  • the food and drink composition of the present invention is a food and drink composition for promoting intestinal bacterial growth containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent of the present invention.
  • the food and drink composition of the present invention is a food and drink composition for reducing blood glucose level, which contains the blood glucose level reducing agent of the present invention.
  • the food and drink composition of the present invention is a food and drink composition for reducing serum cholesterol level, which contains the serum cholesterol level reducing agent of the present invention.
  • Examples of the food and beverage composition include beverages (soft beverages, carbonated beverages, alcoholic beverages, nutritional beverages, powdered beverages, fruit beverages, dairy beverages, jelly beverages, etc.), confectionery (chocolate, cookies, cakes, gums, candies, etc.). Tablets, gummy, pudding, jelly, ice cream, sherbet, etc.), processed marine products (kamaboko, chikuwa, etc.), processed meat products (hamburger, ham, sausage, wiener, etc.), processed dairy products (yogurt, cheese, butter, raw) Creams, cheeses, etc.), soups (powdered soups, liquid soups, etc.), main foods (rice, breads, noodles, powders, cereals, etc.), seasonings (mayonnaise, dressings, sauces, etc.).
  • beverages soft beverages, carbonated beverages, alcoholic beverages, nutritional beverages, powdered beverages, fruit beverages, dairy beverages, jelly beverages, etc.
  • confectionery chocolate, cookies, cakes, gums, candies, etc.
  • Tablets
  • Examples of food and drink compositions include health foods, functional foods, supplements, dietary supplements, foods for specified health use, foods for medical use (oral nutritional supplements, parenteral nutritional supplements (enteric nutritional supplements, etc.)) and the like. Be done.
  • Example 1 1000 g of a pulverized barley seed ( ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan content: 10% by mass) was added to 5 liters of water, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 3 hours for extraction. After centrifuging the insoluble matter, the supernatant was frozen at ⁇ 20 ° C. and then thawed, and the solid content containing ⁇ -glucan in the solution was filtered and dried. The yield was 26 g. This was designated as barley extract A (intestinal bacterial growth promoter A).
  • ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan content measurement kit model number K-BGLU
  • McCreery method enzyme method
  • the ratio of the area of each molecular weight region is standard ⁇ -1,3-1, measured by GPC (gel permeation chromatography). It is a ratio based on the molecular weight in terms of 4-glucan (manufactured by Megasim). Specifically, the values measured under the following conditions with the following devices and columns were adopted.
  • Example 2 Disperse 1000 g of pulverized barley ( ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan content: 20% by mass) in 9 liters of water, add 35 units of cellulase (1.5 L of cell crust, Novozymes), and then add. The reaction was carried out at 60 ° C. for 3 hours. The reaction solution was centrifuged, and the supernatant was freeze-dried to obtain 302 g of a powder. The obtained powder was used as barley extract B (intestinal bacterial growth promoter B). Table 1 shows the results of measuring the content of ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan and the ratio of the area of each molecular weight region in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • Example 3 Disperse 1000 g of pulverized barley ( ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan content: 10% by mass) in 9 liters of water, add 35 units of cellulase (1.5 L of cell crust, Novozymes), and then add. The reaction was carried out at 60 ° C. for 3 hours. The reaction solution was centrifuged, and the supernatant was freeze-dried to obtain 185 g of a powder. The obtained powder was used as barley extract C (intestinal bacterial growth promoter C). Table 1 shows the results of measuring the content of ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan and the ratio of the area of each molecular weight region in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • Example 4 Disperse 1000 g of pulverized barley ( ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan content: 4% by mass) in 9 liters of water, and add 50,000 U / g of ⁇ -amylase ( ⁇ -amylase 60, HBI). After adding 0.1 g, the reaction was carried out at 60 ° C. for 3 hours. The reaction solution was centrifuged, and the supernatant was freeze-dried to obtain 261 g of a powder. The obtained powder was used as barley extract D (intestinal bacterial growth promoter D). Table 1 shows the results of measuring the content of ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan and the ratio of the area of each molecular weight region in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • Example 5 After dispersing 1000 g of pulverized barley ( ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan content: 20% by mass) in 9 liters of water and adding 54,000 units of ⁇ -amylase (Fungamyl 800 L, Novozymes). The reaction was carried out at 60 ° C. for 7 hours. The reaction solution was centrifuged, and the supernatant was freeze-dried to obtain 398 g of powder. The obtained powder was used as barley extract E (intestinal bacterial growth promoter E). Table 1 shows the results of measuring the content of ⁇ -1,3-1,4-glucan and the ratio of the area of each molecular weight region in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the intestinal bacterial growth promoters B and C of Examples 2 and 3 had a better taste (there was no habit of taste) as compared with other intestinal bacterial growth promoters. Therefore, it can be used for a wide range of foods and drinks without disturbing the taste of the foods and drinks.
  • the intestinal bacterial growth promoters A, D, and E of Examples 1, 4, and 5 can be used without any problem as long as they match the taste of the food and drink itself.
  • the intestinal bacterial growth promoters B to E of Examples 2 to 5 are beneficial because they have good solubility and are easy to use in beverages. Although the intestinal bacterial growth promoter A of Example 1 is inferior in solubility, it can be used in foods without any problem.
  • lard was added so that the fat energy ratio was 25%. All ⁇ -glucans were blended in an amount of 4% by mass and adjusted with cellulose so that the total amount of dietary fiber was equal.
  • the ⁇ -glucan of the intestinal bacterial growth promoter A of Example 1 was mixed with 68% by mass of ⁇ -cornstarch so as to be 32% by mass, hydrated and heated to dissolve, and then freeze-dried to feed this mixture. Was added to. The amount of casein was adjusted so that the protein mass of each group added was equal.
  • mice fed feed A containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoter B of Example 2 in which all the parameters were within the preferable range of the present invention were compared with mice fed feed B to ⁇ -glucan in feces. It was found that the ⁇ -glucan fermentation rate was higher. From this, it was found that the mice fed the feed A had more ⁇ -glucan degraded as a substrate by the intestinal bacteria than the mice fed the feed B.
  • mice fed with the feed B containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent A of Example 1 and the mice fed with the feed A containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent B of Example 2 were fed with the control feed. It can be inferred that the weight of the cecum has increased compared to the above, and that intestinal fermentation has progressed and intestinal bacteria have increased.
  • various proportions such as the ratio of the area of the region having a molecular weight of 200,000 or less, the ratio of the area of the region having a molecular weight of less than 1,000, and the ratio of the total area of the monosaccharide region and the disaccharide region.
  • mice fed the feed A containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoter B of Example 2 whose parameters were within the preferable range of the present invention was increased as compared with the mice fed the feed B. From this, it was found that the mice fed with the feed A had more advanced intestinal fermentation than the mice fed with the feed B, and it could be inferred that the number of intestinal bacteria was increased.
  • the organic acid was identified using the standard substance, and the concentration was calculated from the ratio with the internal standard substance.
  • Acetic acid and propionic acid were used as standard substances (both manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.). The results are shown in FIG. Specifically, the upper figure shows the acetic acid concentration, and the lower figure shows the propionic acid concentration.
  • mice fed with the feed B containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent A of Example 1 and the mice fed with the feed A containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent B of Example 2 were fed with the control feed.
  • the concentration of acetic acid and the concentration of propionic acid in the cecum tended to increase.
  • the gut microbiota produces short-chain fatty acids from dietary fiber by fermentative metabolism, more specifically, Bifidobacterium (Bifidobacterium) produces acetic acid, and Bacteroides (Bacteroides). Produces propionic acid. Therefore, it was speculated that the mice fed the feed A and the feed B had an increased amount of bifidobacteria and Bacteroides bacteria in the cecum as compared with the mice fed the control feed.
  • mice fed the feed A containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoter B of Example 2 whose parameters were within the preferred range of the present invention had a higher increase in acetic acid in the cecum as compared with the mice fed the feed B. Propionic acid was significantly increased relative to the control. Therefore, it was speculated that the mice fed the feed A had more bifidobacteria in the cecum than the mice fed the feed B.
  • the calibration curve was prepared using the Ct value measured by serially diluting the DNA solution extracted from the standard strain. The results are shown in FIG. In detail, the upper figure shows Bifidobacterium spp., The middle figure shows Bacteroides spp., And the lower figure shows Lactobacillus spp.
  • mice fed with the feed B containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent A of Example 1 and the mice fed with the feed A containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoting agent B of Example 2 were fed with the control feed.
  • Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus tended to increase in the cecum.
  • mice fed the diet A containing the intestinal bacterial growth promoter B of Example 2 whose parameters were within the preferred range of the present invention had Bifidobacterium spp. In the cecum as compared to the mice fed the feed B.
  • Bacteroides spp. And Bacteroides spp. Were increasing, especially Bifidobacterium spp. And Bacteroides spp. Were significantly increasing. From this, it was found that the number of intestinal bacteria was increased in the mice fed with the feed A as compared with the mice fed with the feed B.
  • mice fed with the feed B containing the blood glucose reducing agent A of Example 1 and the mice fed with the feed A containing the blood glucose reducing agent B of Example 2 were compared with the mice fed with the control feed.
  • Fasting blood glucose levels tended to decrease.
  • various proportions such as the ratio of the area of the region having a molecular weight of 200,000 or less, the ratio of the area of the region having a molecular weight of less than 1,000, and the ratio of the total area of the monosaccharide region and the disaccharide region.
  • the mice fed the feed A containing the blood glucose reducing agent B of Example 2 having the parameters within the preferable range of the present invention had a lower fasting blood glucose level as compared with the mice fed the feed B. ..
  • mice fed with the feed B containing the blood glucose reducing agent A of Example 1 and the mice fed with the feed A containing the blood glucose reducing agent B of Example 2 were compared with the mice fed with the control feed.
  • the amount of LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol in serum tended to be reduced.
  • various proportions such as the ratio of the area of the region having a molecular weight of 200,000 or less, the ratio of the area of the region having a molecular weight of less than 1,000, and the ratio of the total area of the monosaccharide region and the disaccharide region.
  • mice fed feed A containing the serum cholesterol level reducing agent B of Example 2 whose parameters are within the preferable range of the present invention have the same amount of LDL-cholesterol in serum as compared with mice fed feed B.
  • the amount of HDL-cholesterol was significantly reduced with respect to the control.
  • the intestinal bacterial growth promoter of the present invention can improve the fermentability in the intestine and promote the growth of intestinal bacteria.
  • the intestinal bacterial growth promoter of the present invention can be used in a wide range of foods and drinks because it does not easily inhibit the taste of the foods and drinks when added to the foods and drinks, and also has an effect of reducing fasting blood glucose level and serum. Since it also has the effect of reducing blood glucose inside, it is extremely beneficial for maintaining the health of the ingested target.
  • the blood glucose level reducing agent of the present invention can exhibit the growth promoting effect of intestinal bacteria and reduce the fasting blood glucose level
  • the serum cholesterol level reducing agent of the present invention exhibits the growth promoting effect of intestinal bacteria. It was also found that the cholesterol level in serum can be reduced.

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