WO2022048364A1 - 泵装置和车辆 - Google Patents
泵装置和车辆 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022048364A1 WO2022048364A1 PCT/CN2021/109591 CN2021109591W WO2022048364A1 WO 2022048364 A1 WO2022048364 A1 WO 2022048364A1 CN 2021109591 W CN2021109591 W CN 2021109591W WO 2022048364 A1 WO2022048364 A1 WO 2022048364A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- pump
- rotating shaft
- groove
- thrust
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
- F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/18—Lubricating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
- F04C15/0003—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston machines or pumps
- F04C15/0034—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston machines or pumps for other than the working fluid, i.e. the sealing arrangements are not between working chambers of the machine
- F04C15/0038—Shaft sealings specially adapted for rotary-piston machines or pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
- F04C15/0042—Systems for the equilibration of forces acting on the machines or pump
- F04C15/0046—Internal leakage control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
- F04C15/0088—Lubrication
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
- F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
- F04C2/10—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member
- F04C2/102—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of internal-axis type with the outer member having more teeth or tooth-equivalents, e.g. rollers, than the inner member the two members rotating simultaneously around their respective axes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
- F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
Definitions
- Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of pump devices, and in particular, to a pump device and a vehicle.
- the pump device includes a motor part and a pump part, and the rotating shaft of the motor part can drive the pump part to rotate, so as to realize the compression function of the pump device.
- the rotating shaft will have friction problems with other structures of the pump device during the high-speed rotation.
- the oil of the pump is usually used to lubricate the rotating shaft.
- how to ensure that the shaft lubrication requirements are met without It will obviously affect the displacement of the pump device and become an urgent problem to be solved.
- an object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a pump device.
- Another object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a vehicle having the above-described pump device.
- an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a pump device, including a housing, a motor part, a pump part, a first bearing, a first oil groove and a throttle groove.
- the housing has a cavity.
- the motor part includes a rotating shaft that rotates around a central axis of the motor part.
- the pump part is arranged on one axial side of the motor part and is in contact with the rotating shaft, and the pump part can be driven by the rotating shaft to rotate.
- the pump part includes a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber, and the pressure of the first pressure chamber is greater than that of the second pressure chamber.
- the first bearing is connected with the housing and sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the first bearing is located between the motor part and the pump part.
- the first oil groove is arranged on the first end surface of the first bearing facing the pump part, and the first oil groove is communicated with the first pressure chamber.
- the throttling groove is arranged on the first end surface, and the throttling groove communicates with the first oil groove and the gap between the first bearing and the rotating shaft.
- the pump device includes a housing, a motor part, a pump part, a first bearing, a first oil groove, and a throttle groove.
- the housing has a cavity, and the motor part and the pump part are arranged in the cavity, so that the motor part and the pump part are not affected by the external environment and can operate normally through the housing.
- the motor part includes a rotating shaft that rotates around the central axis of the motor part, the pump part is arranged on the axial side of the motor part, and the pump part is in contact with the rotating shaft. Specifically, the pump part is in interference fit with the rotating shaft, and the pump part can be driven by the rotating shaft The rotation can be understood as the motor part drives the pump part to run through the rotating shaft.
- the pump part includes a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber, the pressure of the first pressure chamber is greater than that of the second pressure chamber, further, the first pressure chamber can be a high pressure chamber, and the second pressure chamber can be a low pressure chamber.
- the first bearing is connected to the housing, the first bearing is located between the motor part and the pump part, the first bearing is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the first bearing can support the rotating shaft to a certain extent. It is worth noting that the first bearing can provide lubricating support for the rotating shaft. Since the axes of the first bearing and the rotating shaft are coincident, in the actual working process, the rotating shaft drives the pump part to rotate, so the pump part will exert a radial force on the rotating shaft. , when the rotating shaft is subjected to radial force, the first bearing will be pushed to one side. At this time, the rotating shaft is in contact with the first bearing, and the first bearing will provide support for the rotating shaft, so that the clearance of the rotating shaft can be controlled at a reasonable level. range, so as to facilitate the control of the axis of the rotating shaft.
- the first bearing is a sliding bearing
- the sliding bearing refers to a bearing that works under sliding friction.
- sliding bearings work smoothly, reliably and without noise.
- the sliding surfaces are separated by lubricating oil without direct contact, which can greatly reduce friction loss and surface wear.
- the gap between it and the rotating shaft is filled with lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil on the sliding surface will form an oil film to realize fluid lubrication.
- the oil film also has a certain vibration absorption capacity, which improves the service life of the first bearing and the rotating shaft.
- the first oil groove is arranged on the first end surface of the first bearing facing the pump part, and the first oil groove is communicated with the first pressure chamber. It flows into the first oil groove, and then flows into the gap between the rotating shaft and the first bearing to ensure the lubrication performance between the first bearing and the rotating shaft.
- the throttling groove is arranged on the first end surface, that is, the throttling groove is arranged on the first end surface of the first bearing facing the pump part, and the throttling groove is used to communicate the first oil groove and the gap between the first bearing and the rotating shaft. . That is to say, the oil in the first pressure chamber first flows to the first oil groove, and then flows to the gap between the first bearing and the rotating shaft through the throttle groove.
- the throttle groove can effectively prevent excessive oil from flowing into the first oil tank. A clearance between the bearing and the shaft, which in turn affects the displacement of the pump device.
- the first oil groove can balance the pressures between the cavities on the high pressure side of the pump part, so that the pressures of the cavities on the high pressure side are similar, thereby reducing noise and mechanical vibration during operation.
- the flow cross-sectional area of the throttling groove is smaller than that of the first oil groove, so that the flow rate of the lubricating oil in the gap between the first bearing and the rotating shaft can be controlled through the throttling groove.
- a part of the inner side wall of the first bearing is recessed away from the rotating shaft to form a first lubricating groove, and the first lubricating groove is communicated with the throttling groove.
- the first lubricating groove is formed by a part of the inner side wall of the first bearing that is recessed away from the rotating shaft, and the first lubricating groove is communicated with the throttling groove. Due to the pressure difference, the oil in the first pressure chamber flows into the gap between the first bearing and the rotating shaft through the first oil groove and the throttling groove in sequence, and can also be filled in the first lubricating groove.
- the oil in the first lubricating groove will be coated on the surface of the rotating shaft, where the first lubricating groove plays the role of temporarily storing lubricating oil, so that a fluid lubricating oil film can be formed between the inner wall of the first bearing and the rotating shaft, This further ensures reliable lubrication between the shaft and the bearing.
- the first lubricating groove is axially arranged on the first bearing, the first lubricating groove is communicated with the shaft hole of the first bearing, one end of the first lubricating groove is communicated with the throttle groove, and the other end of the first lubricating groove is communicated with the throttling groove. Extends in the direction of the motor cavity. Further, the number of the first lubricating groove is at least one, which can be flexibly set according to the actual lubricating requirement.
- the ratio of the flow cross-sectional area S1 of the throttle groove to the flow cross-sectional area S2 of the first lubricating groove is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.4.
- the flow cross-sectional area of the throttle groove is controlled, and the flow cross-sectional area of the throttle groove will not be too large, so as to ensure the high pressure side of the pump.
- the oil will not leak too much and affect the normal compression of the pump, that is, the oil will not flow into the first lubricating groove through the throttle groove too much, and will not have a significant impact on the displacement of the pump.
- the cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove By limiting the cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove, the cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove will not be too small, so as to ensure that a sufficient flow of lubricating oil can form an oil film between the first bearing and the rotating shaft. The need for fluid lubrication.
- the ratio of the flow cross-sectional area S2 of the first lubricating groove to the shaft hole cross-sectional area S0 of the first bearing is greater than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.08.
- the flow cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove is limited, and the flow cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove is not too small, which can ensure that the lubricating oil has sufficient flow to form an oil film between the first bearing and the rotating shaft to meet fluid lubrication requirements.
- the flow cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove will not be too large, resulting in an excessively thick oil film formed between the first bearing and the rotating shaft, which increases the power consumption of the rotating shaft.
- the cross-sectional area of the shaft hole of the first bearing is limited so that it is within a suitable range, and it will not affect the oil entering the gap between the rotating shaft and the first bearing because it is too small.
- the strength of the first bearing itself will not be affected because the cross-sectional area of the shaft hole of the first bearing is too large.
- the shaft diameter of the first bearing is greater than or equal to 6 mm and less than or equal to 12 mm. According to the relationship between the shaft diameter of the first bearing and the deformation of the first bearing, and the relationship between the shaft diameter of the first bearing and the power consumption, it can be seen from the comparison that when the shaft diameter is less than 6mm, the deformation of the bearing is large, which is not conducive to the bearing. Support for the rotating shaft; when the shaft diameter is greater than 12mm, the bearing power consumption increases sharply. Therefore, if the shaft diameter of the first bearing meets the above range, it not only meets the requirements of bearing power consumption, but also avoids excessive bearing deformation.
- the pump device further includes a sealing member, which is connected to the side of the first bearing away from the pump portion, the sealing member is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the sealing member, the first bearing and the rotating shaft form a liquid passage cavity , the liquid passage is communicated with the first lubricating groove.
- the first bearing is connected to the casing, and the first bearing can divide the cavity enclosed by the casing into a motor cavity and a pump cavity, so that the space arrangement can be more reasonable.
- the motor part is located in the motor cavity
- the pump part is located in the pump cavity.
- the seal is connected to the side of the first bearing away from the pump part, and the seal is sleeved on the rotating shaft.
- the seal can isolate the motor cavity from the pump cavity, so that the working medium will not flow into the motor cavity, and will not affect the normal use of the stator, rotor, control part and other components in the motor cavity, and no additional settings are required in the motor cavity.
- Other structures are used to ensure that the parts in the motor cavity are corroded, so that the sealing performance of the pump device is better, and the structure is simpler, which is conducive to reducing costs.
- a part of the first bearing extends away from the pump to form the installation position. Since the installation position and the first bearing are integral structures, compared with the post-processing method, the integral structure has better mechanical properties. , so that the connection strength can be improved.
- the first bearing can be mass-produced to improve the processing efficiency of the product, reduce the processing cost of the product, improve the integrity of the pump device, reduce the number of parts and components, reduce the installation process, and improve the installation efficiency.
- a part of the first bearing forms an installation position for installing the seal, so that the installation accuracy of the seal can be ensured, the assembly is simple, the sealing performance is good, and the cost is low.
- the sealing element, the first bearing and the rotating shaft form a liquid passage chamber, and the liquid passage chamber communicates with the first lubricating groove.
- the liquid-passing cavity formed by the seal, the first bearing and the rotating shaft can store a part of lubricating oil, and the liquid-passing cavity is used to store the lubricating oil from the first lubricating groove.
- the pump device further includes a pressure relief groove, the pressure relief groove is arranged on the first bearing, and the pressure relief groove is connected through the liquid chamber and the second pressure chamber.
- the pressure relief groove is provided on the first bearing, and the pressure relief groove is used to connect the through-liquid chamber and the second pressure chamber.
- the pressure relief groove here can be in the form of a through hole, so that both ends of the through hole can communicate with the second pressure chamber and the liquid passage chamber. Since the pressure in the second pressure chamber is small, the pressure in the liquid passage chamber can be reduced For better release, not only rely on the fluid chamber itself to buffer the pressure of the oil.
- a complete lubricating oil circuit of the first bearing can be formed, that is, the oil in the first pressure chamber (high pressure chamber) enters the first oil groove, and then passes through the throttle groove. It flows into the gap between the first bearing and the rotating shaft and into the first lubricating groove to fully lubricate the rotating shaft and the first bearing to form an oil film to meet the needs of fluid lubrication.
- the second pressure chamber low pressure chamber
- the seal effectively prevent the seal from being detached from the first bearing under high pressure, resulting in the leakage of lubricating oil, and the sealing performance between the motor cavity and the pump cavity cannot be ensured.
- the ratio of the flow cross-sectional area S3 of the pressure relief groove to the flow cross-sectional area S2 of the first lubrication groove is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 4.
- the through-flow cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove is limited, so that the through-flow cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove will not be too small, so as to ensure that the lubricating oil has enough flow to form an oil film between the first bearing and the rotating shaft, so as to meet the requirements of fluid lubrication.
- the flow cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove will not be too large, resulting in an excessively thick oil film formed between the first bearing and the rotating shaft, which increases the power consumption of the rotating shaft.
- the present application takes into account the flow cross-sectional area of the throttle groove, the flow cross-sectional area of the first lubrication groove, and the flow cross-sectional area of the pressure relief groove, so that the three satisfy the above relationship, thereby ensuring that the first lubrication groove has Sufficient oil flow to ensure the lubrication of the first bearing and the rotating shaft, and at the same time, it can ensure that the pressure in the liquid chamber is low enough, without affecting the sealing connection between the seal and the first bearing, effectively reducing oil leakage.
- the pump device further includes a buffer cavity, and the buffer cavity is provided on the end surface of the first bearing facing away from the pump portion.
- the buffer cavity is provided on the end surface of the first bearing facing away from the pump.
- the buffer cavity can be tapered, that is, the buffer cavity can be a conical cavity, so that the buffer cavity can reduce the rigidity of the first bearing.
- the buffer cavity includes a first wall surface, and the first wall surface is a wall surface close to the rotating shaft. From the open end of the buffer cavity to the bottom wall of the buffer cavity, the distance between the first wall surface and the rotating shaft increases. It can be understood that the first wall surface is inclined. And the position of the first wall at the opening end of the buffer cavity is closer to the rotating shaft, the distance between the first wall and the rotating shaft is smaller at the opening, and the distance between the first wall and the rotating shaft is larger at the position at the bottom of the cavity, which makes the first wall and the rotating shaft larger.
- a right-angle structure is not formed between the wall surface and the groove bottom of the groove body.
- the first bearing is usually made of aluminum alloy
- the first bearing when the rotating shaft contacts the end of the first bearing, the first bearing will be deformed. With right-angle structure, stress concentration will occur at the connection between the first wall and the bottom of the tank body.
- the first bearing When the first bearing is under the pressure of the rotating shaft, the first bearing is easily located at the connection between the first wall and the bottom wall of the buffer cavity. fracture occurs.
- the first wall surface is inclined relative to the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the first wall surface and the bottom wall of the buffer cavity are not in a right-angle structure, thereby effectively reducing the damage rate of the first bearing.
- the buffer cavity includes: a second wall surface, the second wall surface is disposed opposite the first wall surface, from the open end of the buffer cavity to the bottom wall of the buffer cavity, a space between the second wall surface and the rotating shaft is Spacing is reduced.
- the second wall surface is inclined relative to the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the second wall surface is disposed opposite to the first wall surface. From the open end of the buffer cavity to the bottom wall of the buffer cavity, the distance between the second wall surface and the rotating shaft is Therefore, the second wall surface and the first wall surface can be arranged symmetrically about the center line of the buffer cavity, that is, the buffer cavity can be in a regular cone shape, which can better provide flexible support for the rotating shaft. It can be understood that in the axial direction away from the motor part, the distance between the first wall surface and the rotating shaft increases, the gap between the second wall surface and the rotating shaft decreases, and the buffer cavity is configured as an inverted cone. During the process, the inverted cone-shaped buffer cavity is conducive to drafting.
- the buffer cavity is configured as an annular structure, that is, a buffer cavity is provided in the circumferential direction of the first bearing.
- the radial force received by the first bearing may change at any time, that is, the first bearing may change at any time.
- the bearing will be subjected to radial forces that change in multiple directions, and no matter which direction the radial force received by the first bearing faces, the existence of the annular buffer cavity enables the first bearing to deform to a certain extent, so that the rotating shaft and the first bearing are flexibly connected,
- the first bearing has a buffering effect on the radial force of the rotating shaft, so as to avoid the problem that the first bearing is easily damaged due to the rigid connection between the rotating shaft and the first bearing.
- the pump device further includes a second bearing, the second bearing is connected to the housing and sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the second bearing is located on the side of the pump part away from the first bearing.
- the second bearing is connected to the housing, and the second bearing is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the second bearing is located on the side of the pump part away from the first bearing, that is, the first bearing and the second bearing are located in the pump and the first bearing is closer to the motor part than the second bearing.
- the first bearing and the second bearing can play a supporting role on the rotating shaft.
- the first bearing and the second bearing are sliding bearings.
- the sliding bearing works smoothly, reliably and without noise.
- the sliding surface is separated by the lubricating oil without direct contact, which can greatly reduce friction loss and surface wear, and the sliding
- the gap between the bearing and the rotating shaft is filled with lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil on the sliding surface will form an oil film to realize fluid lubrication.
- the oil film also has a certain vibration absorption capacity, which improves the service life of the first bearing, the second bearing and the rotating shaft.
- Two sliding bearings support the rotating shaft, the clearance of the rotating shaft is small, and the position of the axis of the rotating shaft can be controlled within a reasonable range; Only two plain bearings are used, which not only simplifies the support structure, but also reduces costs.
- the first bearing has a first bearing surface close to the rotating shaft
- the second bearing has a second bearing surface close to the rotating shaft
- the axial height of the second bearing surface is less than or equal to the axial height of the first bearing surface, that is, not greater than.
- the first bearing also needs to be Bearing the load from the motor part, by making the second bearing surface less than or equal to the first bearing surface, the first bearing and the second bearing are more suitable for the needs of different loads at different positions of the rotating shaft, and on the premise of ensuring the reliability of the rotating shaft lubrication , so that the power consumption of the rotating shaft can be reduced to a minimum level.
- a part of the inner side wall of the second bearing is recessed away from the rotating shaft to form a second lubricating groove, and the second lubricating groove is communicated with the first pressure chamber.
- the second lubricating groove is formed by a part of the inner side wall of the second bearing that is recessed away from the rotating shaft, and the second lubricating groove communicates with the first pressure chamber. Due to the pressure difference, the oil in the first pressure chamber flows into the gap between the first bearing and the rotating shaft through the second lubricating groove. As the rotating shaft rotates, the oil in the second lubricating groove will be coated on the rotating shaft.
- the second lubricating groove can play a role of temporarily storing lubricating oil, so that a fluid lubricating oil film can be formed between the inner wall of the second bearing and the rotating shaft to further ensure the lubricating performance between the rotating shaft and the bearing.
- the pump device further comprises: a thrust lubricating groove, which is provided on the end surface of the second bearing close to the pump part, and the thrust lubricating groove is communicated with the shaft hole of the second bearing.
- the thrust lubricating groove is provided on the end face of the second bearing close to the pump portion, and the thrust lubricating groove is communicated with the shaft hole of the second bearing.
- the thrust lubricating groove is provided on the end surface of the second bearing close to the pump portion, and the thrust lubricating groove is communicated with the second bearing and the shaft hole of the second bearing.
- the rotating shaft will shear the lubricating oil in the matching gap between itself and the second bearing.
- the lubricating oil entering the thrust lubricating groove has a certain speed and pressure.
- the end surface gap in contact between the second bearing and the pump part is small, and the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove can flow to the end surface gap between the second bearing and the pump part.
- the condition of fluid lubrication is formed between the contact end surface of the pump part and the second bearing, that is, an oil film is formed at the contact end surface of the second bearing and the pump part, so that
- the transition from boundary lubrication to fluid lubrication between the second bearing and the pump part can greatly improve the wear of the contact end face between the pump part and the second bearing, reduce power consumption, and also reduce the operating noise of the pump device.
- the notch area of the thrust lubricating groove in the axial direction is larger than the groove bottom area of the thrust lubricating groove.
- the thrust lubricating groove includes two slots, and the orientations of the two slots are different, one slot faces the pump part, and the other slot faces the rotating shaft.
- the area of the notch toward the pump is defined to be larger than the area of the notch bottom. That is, in the axial direction away from the pump portion, that is, in the top-down direction, the thrust lubricating groove has a constricted shape. That is, the groove wall of the thrust lubricating groove is inclined.
- the lubricating oil entering the thrust lubricating groove has a certain speed and pressure
- the groove wall of the thrust lubricating groove is inclined, then there is a converging wedge-shaped angle between the thrust lubricating groove and the end face clearance, and the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove will flow to the pump along the inclined groove wall.
- the end face clearance of the second bearing that is, the lubricating oil enters the "small mouth" from the "big mouth”.
- the "big mouth” refers to the thrust lubrication groove
- the "small mouth” refers to the second bearing and the pump. Therefore, the lubrication between the pump part and the second bearing can be enhanced, so that the lubrication state between the two transitions from boundary lubrication to fluid lubrication, thereby effectively reducing the wear rate between the two.
- the oil film between the contact surface of the pump part and the second bearing will generate a force F that pushes the pump part to move upward, so that the lubricating oil located in the end face of the second bearing and the pump part It acts as a floating seal, which can further reduce the leakage of the end face.
- the end face leakage of the pump device accounts for 75% to 80% of the total leakage of the pump device. Therefore, it is very important to improve the leakage between the various contact end faces in the pump device. It is worth noting that lubricating oil has a certain viscosity.
- the thrust lubricating groove includes a thrust wall, the thrust wall includes at least one thrust segment, the at least one thrust segment includes a first thrust segment, and in the axial direction away from the pump portion, the first thrust segment is close to The center of the thrust lube groove extends.
- the thrust lubricating groove includes a thrust wall, and the thrust wall is an inclined wall.
- the thrust wall extends close to the center of the thrust lubricating groove in an axial direction away from the pump portion, ie, in a top-to-bottom direction.
- the thrust wall includes at least one thrust segment, and the at least one thrust segment includes a first thrust segment extending in an axial direction away from the pump portion near the center of the thrust lubricating groove.
- the end face gap formed between the thrust lubricating groove, the pump part and the end face of the second bearing forms a converging wedge-shaped angle between them, and the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove will follow the inclined first
- the thrust section flows into the end face gap between the pump part and the second bearing, that is, the lubricating oil enters the "small port" from the "large port”.
- the "large opening” refers to the thrust lubrication groove
- the "small opening” refers to the gap between the second bearing and the pump portion. Therefore, the lubrication between the pump part and the second bearing can be enhanced, so that the lubrication state between the two transitions from boundary lubrication to fluid lubrication, thereby effectively reducing the wear rate between the two.
- the first thrust segment may be composed of at least one straight segment and at least one curved segment.
- the first thrust segment has a first end close to the pump portion and a second end away from the pump portion.
- the second end of the segment extends close to the center of the thrust lubricating groove, that is, the flow of the lubricating oil is facilitated if the inclined extension trend of the first thrust segment satisfies the above relationship.
- the first thrust segment may be composed of multiple curved surfaces, or may be composed of multiple circular arcs.
- the included angle ⁇ between the first thrust segment and the axial end face of the second bearing is greater than 0° and less than 90°.
- the axial end face of the second bearing refers to the axial end face of the second bearing close to the pump portion, and the included angle between the first thrust segment and the axial end face satisfies, 0° ⁇ 90 °, so that the first thrust section can better drain the lubricating oil into the end face gap between the second bearing and the pump part, ensuring that the lubricating oil can pass through its own speed and pressure, and pass through the first thrust section
- the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove will flow to the end face clearance of the pump part and the second bearing along the inclined groove wall. Inside, that is, the lubricating oil enters the "small mouth" from the "big mouth”.
- the lubrication between the pump part and the second bearing can be enhanced, so that the lubrication state between the two transitions from boundary lubrication to fluid lubrication, thereby effectively reducing the wear rate between the two.
- the included angle ⁇ between the first thrust segment and the axial end face of the second bearing is 45°. It is worth noting that the inclined first thrust segment can be machined on the end face of the second bearing close to the pump portion by using a forming knife.
- the longitudinal section (in the axial direction) of the thrust lubricating groove may be in the shape of an inverted triangle, a semicircle, or the like.
- the at least one thrust segment further includes a second thrust segment that extends axially and is connected between the first thrust segment and the groove bottom of the thrust lubricating groove.
- the at least one thrust segment further includes a second thrust segment, the second thrust segment is axially extended to be connected to the first thrust segment and the groove bottom, and the second thrust segment is connected to the first thrust segment.
- the segments cooperate to form a thrust wall, thereby ensuring that the volume of the thrust lubrication groove meets the lubrication requirements. It is worth noting that during the machining process, a straight groove is machined on the end face of the second bearing facing the pump portion, and then chamfering is machined, so that the first thrust segment and the second thrust segment can be formed. The machining difficulty of the thrust lubricating groove can be reduced.
- the number of the thrust walls is at least two.
- the number of the thrust walls is at least two, and each of the at least two thrust walls includes at least one thrust segment.
- the at least one thrust segment includes a first thrust segment.
- the at least one thrust segment also includes a second thrust segment. It should be noted that the structures of at least two thrust walls may be equal or unequal, and when the number of thrust walls is three, the structures of the three thrust walls may be partially equal and partially unequal.
- the at least two thrust walls include a first thrust wall, the first end of the first thrust wall is connected with the inner side wall of the second bearing, and the connection point between the first thrust wall and the inner side wall of the second bearing is located.
- the tangent plane is the first reference plane, and the included angle ⁇ 1 between the first thrust wall and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 0° and less than 90°.
- the first end of the first thrust wall is the start end of the first thrust wall
- the second end of the first thrust wall is the end end of the first thrust wall
- the first end is the same as the end of the first thrust wall.
- the inner side walls of the second bearing are connected, and the inner side wall of the second bearing is the side wall of the shaft hole of the second bearing.
- the tangent plane of the connection point between the first end and the second bearing is the first reference plane, and the angle ⁇ 1 between the first thrust wall and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 0° and less than 90°.
- the rotating shaft will shear the lubricating oil in the matching gap between itself and the second bearing, and the lubricating oil will enter the thrust lubrication groove from the matching gap under the action of the shear force ⁇ .
- the lubricating oil entering the thrust lubricating groove has a certain speed and pressure. Since the first thrust wall is biased towards the direction of rotation of the rotating shaft, the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove will undergo shaft shearing and surface shearing, thereby forming a negative pressure at the position of the thrust lubricating groove close to the shaft hole, so as to remove the rotating shaft.
- the lubricating oil between the second bearing and the second bearing is sucked, and the position of the thrust lubricating groove far from the shaft hole is higher, so the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove can be better flowed into the second bearing along the inclined thrust wall.
- the lubrication between the pump and the second bearing can be enhanced, so that the lubrication state between the two transitions from boundary lubrication to fluid lubrication, thereby effectively reducing the wear rate between the two. .
- the at least two thrust walls further include a second thrust wall, the second thrust wall is arranged opposite to the first thrust wall, the first end of the second thrust wall is connected to the inner side wall of the second bearing, and the first thrust wall is connected to the inner side wall of the second bearing.
- the tangent plane of the connection point between the second thrust wall and the inner side wall of the second bearing is the second reference plane, and the angle ⁇ 2 between the second thrust wall and the second reference plane is greater than 0° and less than 90°.
- the at least two thrust walls further include a second thrust wall
- the first end of the second thrust wall is the starting end of the second thrust wall
- the second end of the second thrust wall is It is the terminal end of the second thrust wall
- the second end is connected with the inner side wall of the second bearing
- the inner side wall of the second bearing is the side wall of the shaft hole of the second bearing.
- the tangent plane where the connection point between the first end and the second bearing is located is the second reference plane
- the included angle ⁇ 2 between the second thrust wall and the second reference plane is greater than or equal to 0° and less than 90°.
- the rotating shaft will shear the lubricating oil in the matching gap between itself and the second bearing, and the lubricating oil will enter the thrust lubrication groove from the matching gap under the action of the shear force ⁇ .
- the lubricating oil entering the thrust lubricating groove has a certain speed and pressure. Since the second thrust wall is biased towards the direction of rotation of the rotating shaft, the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove will undergo shaft shearing and surface shearing, thereby forming a negative pressure at the position of the thrust lubricating groove close to the shaft hole, so as to remove the rotating shaft.
- the lubricating oil between the second bearing and the second bearing is sucked, and the position of the thrust lubricating groove far from the shaft hole is higher, so the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove can be better flowed into the second bearing along the inclined thrust wall. in the end face gap between the pump and the pump. Therefore, the lubrication between the pump part and the second bearing can be enhanced, so that the lubrication state between the two transitions from boundary lubrication to fluid lubrication, thereby effectively reducing the wear rate between the two.
- the at least two thrust walls further include a third thrust wall, and the third thrust wall is respectively connected with the second end of the first thrust wall and the second end of the second thrust wall.
- the at least two thrust walls further include a third thrust wall, and the third thrust wall is respectively connected with the second end of the first thrust wall and the second end of the second thrust wall. That is, the thrust lubricating groove is formed by the first thrust wall, the second thrust wall and the third thrust wall, so that the shape design of the thrust lubricating groove can be facilitated.
- the projections of the first thrust wall, the second thrust wall and the third thrust wall on the axial end surface of the second bearing may be straight segments or curved segments.
- the third thrust wall of the thrust lubricating groove is an arc-shaped wall.
- the third thrust wall is an arc-shaped wall, that is, the projection of the third thrust wall on the axial end face of the second bearing is an arc segment. Since the position corresponding to the third thrust wall is far from the shaft hole of the thrust lubricating groove, the pressure of the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove corresponding to this position is relatively high.
- the flow of lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove can facilitate the lubricating oil from the "big port” to the "small port”, enhance the lubrication between the pump and the second bearing, and make the lubrication state between the two transition from boundary lubrication to fluid Lubrication, thereby effectively reducing the wear rate between the two.
- the casing includes a casing and a pump cover, the casing is arranged on the outside of the motor part and the pump part, and the casing is connected to the first bearing.
- the pump cover is connected to the casing, the pump cover and the casing form a cavity, the pump cover is connected with the second bearing, a part of the pump cover extends away from the pump part to form an extension part, and the extension part is used to form an oil pool; the second bearing
- the shaft hole is an axially penetrating through hole, one end of the through hole is communicated with the thrust lubricating groove, and the other end of the through hole is used to communicate with the oil pool.
- the casing includes a casing and a pump cover connected to the casing, the pump cover and the casing form a cavity, and the casing is arranged on the outside of the motor part and the pump part.
- the casing is connected with the first bearing, and the pump cover is connected with the second bearing.
- the first bearing and the casing can be integrally formed, and the casing and the first bearing are integrally formed.
- the pump cover and the second bearing can be integrally formed, which saves more height space, not only reduces the height of the whole machine, but also reduces the cost.
- the extension part is formed by a part of the pump cover which is away from the pump part extension structure, therefore, the extension part and the pump cover are integrally formed, and the connection strength is high compared to the post-processing method.
- the extension is used to form an oil sump that can store lubricating oil.
- the shaft hole on the second bearing is an axially penetrating through hole, and both ends of the through hole are respectively communicated with the thrust lubricating groove and the oil pool.
- the rotating shaft will shear the lubricating oil in the matching gap between itself and the second bearing, and the lubricating oil will enter the thrust from the matching gap (through hole) under the action of the shearing force.
- the lubricating oil entering the thrust lubricating groove has a certain speed and pressure.
- the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove will undergo shaft shearing and surface shearing, so that a negative pressure is formed at the position of the thrust lubricating groove close to the shaft hole, so that the lubricating oil between the rotating shaft and the second bearing can be sucked, and the lubricating oil between the rotating shaft and the second bearing can be sucked.
- the pressure of the thrust lubricating groove is higher at the position away from the shaft hole, the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove can be pushed into the end face gap between the second bearing and the pump part better. Therefore, the lubrication between the pump part and the second bearing can be enhanced, so that the lubrication state between the two transitions from boundary lubrication to fluid lubrication, thereby effectively reducing the wear rate between the two.
- the oil is pumped into the thrust lubricating groove to lubricate the contact surface between the pump part and the second bearing, and then enters the gap between the second bearing and the pump part, and then under the action of pressure difference and gravity Enter the low pressure area oil pool.
- the lubricating oil path of the second bearing is as follows: the oil enters the gap between the second bearing and the rotating shaft (through hole, second lubricating groove) through the oil pool, and then enters the thrust lubricating groove.
- the oil enters the end face gap between the pump part and the second bearing, and enters the low-pressure oil pool under the action of the pressure difference and gravity.
- the pump cover and the second bearing are integrally formed. Compared with the post-processing method, the connection strength is higher, space can be saved, the height of the whole machine can be reduced, the difficulty of the manufacturing process can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the casing includes a casing and a pump cover, the casing is arranged on the outside of the motor part and the pump part, and the casing is connected to the first bearing.
- the pump cover is connected to the casing, the pump cover and the casing form a cavity, and the pump cover is connected with the second bearing; the shaft hole of the second bearing is a blind hole with one end open.
- the communication groove is opened on the second bearing and/or the pump cover, and the communication groove communicates with the first pressure chamber and the blind hole.
- the casing includes a casing and a pump cover connected to the casing, the pump cover and the casing form a cavity, and the casing is arranged on the outside of the motor part and the pump part.
- the casing is connected with the first bearing, and the pump cover is connected with the second bearing.
- the first bearing and the casing can be integrally formed, and the casing and the first bearing are integrally formed.
- the pump cover and the second bearing can be integrally formed, which saves more height space, not only reduces the height of the whole machine, but also reduces the cost.
- the shaft hole of the second bearing is a blind hole with one end open, a communication groove is provided on the second bearing and/or the pump cover, and the communication groove is used to communicate the first pressure chamber and the blind hole.
- the lubricating oil path of the second bearing is as follows: the pressurized oil enters the blind hole (the gap between the second bearing and the rotating shaft, the second lubricating groove) from the first pressure chamber (high pressure chamber) through the - communication groove ), and then return to the low pressure area through the gap between the second bearing and the pump part, where the low pressure area specifically refers to the oil inlet and the second pressure chamber.
- the pump portion includes a first rotating member and a second rotating member, and the first rotating member is matched with the rotating shaft.
- the second rotating member is arranged outside the first rotating member, the first rotating member can drive the second rotating member to rotate, and the second rotating member and the first rotating member form a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber.
- the pump device also includes an oil inlet and an oil outlet, the oil inlet is axially opened on the pump cover and/or the second bearing, and the oil inlet is communicated with the second pressure chamber; the oil outlet is opened on the pump cover and the second pressure chamber. On the bearing, the oil outlet communicates with the first pressure chamber of the pump part.
- the pump part includes a first rotating member and a second rotating member, the first rotating member is matched with the rotating shaft, the second rotating member is arranged on the outer side of the first rotating member, and the first rotating member can drive the second rotating member.
- the rotating shaft can drive the second rotating member to run through the first rotating member.
- a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber are formed by arranging the first rotating member and the second rotating member, wherein the first pressure chamber is a high pressure chamber, and the second pressure chamber is a low pressure chamber.
- the first rotating part is an internal gear
- the second rotating part is an external gear
- the pump part is a gear pump.
- the former pair of teeth has not yet been disengaged, and the latter pair of teeth has entered meshing, and each inner tooth surface is in contact with the outer tooth surface to form a closed cavity.
- the volume of the closed volume will change, and if the unloading channel cannot be connected, a trapped oil volume will be formed. Due to the small compressibility of the liquid, when the trapped oil volume changes from large to small, the liquid existing in the trapped oil volume is squeezed, and the pressure rises sharply, which greatly exceeds the working pressure of the gear pump.
- the liquid in the trapped oil volume is also forcibly squeezed out from all leakable gaps, so that the shaft and the bearing will bear a large impact load, which increases the power loss and makes the oil heat up, causing noise and vibration, reducing the smooth operation of the gear pump. sex and longevity.
- the volume of trapped oil changes from small to large, a vacuum is formed, so that the air dissolved in the liquid is separated to generate bubbles, which brings hazards such as cavitation, noise, vibration, flow and pressure pulsation.
- the method of eliminating the trapped oil is to open the unloading groove on both ends of the gear, so that when the closed volume decreases, the unloading groove communicates with the oil pressure chamber, and when the closed volume increases, it communicates with the oil suction chamber through the unloading groove.
- each tooth is in contact with each other, and drives the outer gear to rotate in the same direction.
- the inner gear divides the inner cavity of the outer gear into multiple working chambers. Due to the offset of the center of the inner and outer gears, the volume of the multiple working chambers changes with the rotation of the rotor, and a certain vacuum is formed in the area where the volume increases. The pressure is increased in the area where the volume is reduced, and the oil outlet is correspondingly set here.
- the pump device further includes an oil inlet and an oil outlet, the oil inlet is axially provided on the pump cover and/or the second bearing, and the oil inlet communicates with the second pressure chamber. Since the second pressure chamber is a low pressure chamber and there is a pressure difference with the outside of the chamber, the oil will enter the second pressure chamber through the oil inlet. The oil outlet is opened on the pump cover and the second bearing, and the oil outlet is communicated with the first pressure chamber. Since the first pressure chamber is a high pressure chamber and there is a pressure difference with the outside of the chamber, the oil in the first pressure chamber will flow out through the oil outlet. That is, the main oil circuit of the pump device is: the negative pressure that can be generated at the second pressure chamber and the oil inlet.
- the oil in the oil pool is attracted to the oil inlet, and then enters the second pressure chamber ( Low pressure chamber), the oil entering the second pressure chamber enters the high pressure chamber for pressure under the action of the first rotating member and the second rotating member, and the pressurized oil is discharged through the oil outlet.
- the second pressure chamber Low pressure chamber
- the oil entering the second pressure chamber enters the high pressure chamber for pressure under the action of the first rotating member and the second rotating member, and the pressurized oil is discharged through the oil outlet.
- the design principle of the oil inlet and the oil outlet in the process of ensuring the rotation of the gear, the oil inlet is connected with the teeth of the first rotating part and the second rotating part as soon as possible, and the internal gear and the external gear are connected as soon as possible. Before the maximum volume is formed, the gear volume cavity is always connected with the oil inlet, and the oil filling time should be extended as much as possible, so that the volume cavity between the inner and outer teeth is filled with oil, thereby ensuring the oil absorption.
- the oil outlet should also be connected to the high pressure oil between the teeth as soon as possible to reduce the over-compression work between the teeth, and closed as late as possible to make full use of the inertia of the fluid to drain the oil between the teeth, thereby improving the volumetric efficiency of the internal gear oil pump.
- the inner and outer gears form the maximum volume, they cannot be communicated with the oil inlet to avoid affecting the volumetric efficiency of the pump device at low speed.
- the motor part further includes a rotor and a stator, the rotor is connected to the rotating shaft; the stator is sleeved on the outside of the rotor, the stator includes a stator iron core and a stator winding, and the stator winding is arranged on the stator iron core.
- the pump device further includes a control part, the control part is arranged on the side of the motor part away from the pump part, the control part is connected to the casing and located in the cavity, and the ends of the stator windings are electrically connected to the control part.
- the motor part further includes a rotor and a stator.
- the rotor and the rotating shaft are connected, and the rotor and the rotating shaft can be coaxially arranged, and the matching mode of the rotor and the rotating shaft can be an interference fit.
- the rotor and the rotating shaft are not arranged coaxially but the two are connected in a transmission. Flexible settings for the situation.
- the stator is sleeved on the outer side of the rotor, the stator includes a stator iron core and a stator winding, and the stator winding is arranged on the stator iron core.
- the pump device also includes a control part, the control part is arranged on the side of the motor part away from the pump part, that is, the control part is arranged at a position where the motor part is far from the pump part, because the vibration is more obvious at the position close to the pump part during the working process, and it is affected by The load is large, so the control part is far away from the pump part, which can protect the control part to a certain extent and improve the service life of the control part.
- control part is connected to the casing and located in the cavity, and the ends of the stator windings are electrically connected to the control part.
- the control part controls the current of the stator winding in the stator to change according to a certain law, thereby controlling the stator to generate a changing excitation magnetic field, and the rotor rotates under the action of the excitation magnetic field, thereby driving the pump part through the rotating shaft.
- the first rotating member rotates, thereby making the second rotating member move.
- the volume of the compression cavity formed between the first rotating member and the second rotating member changes, so that the compression chamber enters the compression chamber.
- the working medium in the cavity is pressed out to the oil outlet to generate flow power.
- An embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising: the pump device in any of the above embodiments.
- An embodiment of a vehicle according to the present application includes a pump device, further the vehicle may be a special vehicle, and the vehicle has all the advantages of the pump device.
- the vehicle can be a traditional fuel vehicle or a new energy vehicle.
- new energy vehicles include pure electric vehicles, extended-range electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles, and hydrogen engine vehicles.
- the vehicle includes: a vehicle body in which the pump device is arranged; and an engine in which the engine is arranged in the vehicle body, and the engine includes a mounting seat connected to the extension of the pump device.
- the vehicle includes a vehicle body and an engine.
- the pump device and the engine are both arranged in the vehicle body, the engine includes a mounting seat, and the mounting seat is connected with the extension part of the pump device, so that the engine and the pump device can be connected through the cooperation of the mounting seat and the extension part.
- the vehicle since the vehicle includes any one of the pump devices in the above-mentioned first aspect, it has the beneficial effects of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a pump device according to an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 2 shows a partial enlarged view of the pump device according to an embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 1 at A;
- Fig. 3 shows a partial structural schematic diagram of a pump device according to an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a pump device according to another embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a pump cover and a second bearing of a pump device according to an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the pump device 100 and the vehicle 200 provided according to some embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 .
- An embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a pump device 100 , as shown in FIGS. 1 , 2 and 3 , comprising a housing 110 , a motor part 120 , a pump part 130 , a first bearing 140 , and a first oil groove 141 and throttle groove 142.
- the housing 110 has a cavity 111 .
- the motor part 120 includes a rotating shaft 121 that rotates around the central axis of the motor part 120 .
- the pump part 130 is disposed on one side of the motor part 120 in the axial direction and is in contact with the rotating shaft 121 , and the pump part 130 can be driven by the rotating shaft 121 to rotate.
- the pump part 130 includes a first pressure chamber 131 and a second pressure chamber 132 , and the pressure of the first pressure chamber 131 is greater than that of the second pressure chamber 132 .
- the first bearing 140 is connected to the casing 110 and sleeved on the rotating shaft 121 , and the first bearing 140 is located between the motor part 120 and the pump part 130 .
- the first oil groove 141 is provided on the first end surface of the first bearing 140 facing the pump part 130 , and the first oil groove 141 communicates with the first pressure chamber 131 .
- the throttle groove 142 is provided on the first end surface, and the throttle groove 142 communicates with the first oil groove 141 and the gap between the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 .
- the pump device 100 includes a housing 110 , a motor part 120 , a pump part 130 , a first bearing 140 , a first oil groove 141 and a throttle groove 142 .
- the casing 110 has a cavity 111 , and the motor part 120 and the pump part 130 are arranged in the cavity 111 , so that the casing 110 ensures that the motor part 120 and the pump part 130 are not affected by the external environment and can operate normally.
- the motor part 120 includes a rotating shaft 121 that rotates around the central axis of the motor part 120 .
- the pump part 130 is arranged on one axial side of the motor part 120 , and the pump part 130 is in contact with the rotating shaft 121 .
- the pump part 130 passes through the rotating shaft 121 .
- the pump part 130 can be driven by the rotating shaft 121 to rotate by the interference fit. It can be understood that the motor part 120 drives the pump part 130 to operate through the rotating shaft 121 .
- the pump portion 130 includes a first pressure chamber 131 and a second pressure chamber 132.
- the pressure of the first pressure chamber 131 is greater than the pressure of the second pressure chamber 132.
- the first pressure chamber 131 can be a high pressure chamber
- the second pressure chamber Cavity 132 may be a low pressure cavity.
- first bearing 140 is connected to the housing 110, the first bearing 140 is located between the motor part 120 and the pump part 130, the first bearing 140 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 121, and the first bearing 140 can face the rotating shaft 121 to a certain extent. play a supporting role. It is worth noting that the first bearing 140 can provide lubricating support to the rotating shaft 121.
- the rotating shaft 121 drives the pump part 130 to rotate, so the pump part 130 will
- the rotating shaft 121 exerts a force in the radial direction, and the rotating shaft 121 will push the first bearing 140 to deflect toward one side when the rotating shaft 121 is subjected to the radial force.
- the supporting function is provided, so that the clearance of the rotating shaft 121 can be controlled within a reasonable range, thereby facilitating the control of the axis of the rotating shaft 121 .
- the first bearing 140 is a sliding bearing
- the sliding bearing refers to a bearing that works under sliding friction. Compared with the form of rolling bearing, the sliding bearing works smoothly, reliably and without noise. Under the condition of liquid lubrication, the sliding surface is separated by the lubricating oil without direct contact, which can greatly reduce the friction loss and surface wear.
- the gap with the rotating shaft 121 is filled with lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil on the sliding surface will form an oil film to realize fluid lubrication.
- the first oil groove 141 is provided on the first end surface of the first bearing 140 facing the pump portion 130 , and the first oil groove 141 is communicated with the first pressure chamber 131 , due to the pressure in the first pressure chamber 131 If it is relatively large, a part of the oil will flow from the first pressure chamber 131 to the first oil groove 141 , and then flow into the gap between the rotating shaft 121 and the first bearing 140 to ensure the lubrication performance between the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 .
- the throttling groove 142 is provided on the first end surface, that is, the throttling groove 142 is provided on the first end surface of the first bearing 140 facing the pump portion 130 , and the throttling groove 142 is used to communicate with the first end surface of the first bearing 140 .
- the oil in the first pressure chamber 131 first flows to the first oil groove 141, and then flows to the gap between the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 through the throttling groove 142, and the throttling groove 142 can effectively avoid excessive A lot of oil flows into the gap between the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 , thereby affecting the displacement of the pump device 100 .
- the first oil groove 141 can balance the pressure between the cavities on the high pressure side of the pump part 130 , so that the pressures of the cavities on the high pressure side are similar, thereby reducing noise and mechanical vibration during operation.
- the flow cross-sectional area of the throttling groove 142 is smaller than the flow cross-sectional area of the first oil groove 141 , so that the flow through the throttling groove 142 can be controlled in the gap between the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 .
- the flow of lubricating oil is smaller than the flow cross-sectional area of the first oil groove 141 , so that the flow through the throttling groove 142 can be controlled in the gap between the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 .
- a part of the inner side wall of the first bearing 140 is recessed away from the rotating shaft 121 to form a first lubricating groove 143 , and the first lubricating groove 143 communicates with the throttling groove 142 .
- the first lubricating groove 143 is formed by a depression of a part of the inner side wall of the first bearing 140 away from the rotating shaft 121 , and the first lubricating groove 143 communicates with the throttling groove 142 . Due to the pressure difference, the oil in the first pressure chamber 131 flows into the gap between the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 through the first oil groove 141 and the throttling groove 142 in sequence, and can also be filled in the first lubricating groove. Inside 143 , with the rotation of the rotating shaft 121 , the oil in the first lubricating groove 143 will be coated on the surface of the rotating shaft 121 .
- a fluid lubricating film is formed between the inner wall of the rotating shaft 121 and the rotating shaft 121, which further ensures the reliable lubricity between the rotating shaft 121 and the bearing.
- the first lubricating groove 143 is axially disposed on the first bearing 140, the first lubricating groove 143 communicates with the shaft hole of the first bearing 140, one end of the first lubricating groove 143 communicates with the throttle groove 142, and the first lubricating groove 143 communicates with the throttle groove 142.
- the other end of a lubricating groove 143 extends toward the motor cavity.
- the number of the first lubricating grooves 143 is at least one, which can be flexibly set according to the actual lubricating requirements.
- the ratio of the flow cross-sectional area S1 of the throttle groove 142 to the flow cross-sectional area S2 of the first lubricating groove 143 is greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.4.
- the flow cross-sectional area of the throttling groove 142 is controlled, and the flow cross-sectional area of the throttling groove 142 is not too large, so that the pump section 130 can be ensured
- the oil on the high pressure side will not leak too much and affect the normal compression of the pump part 130 , that is, the oil will not flow into the first lubricating groove 143 through the throttle groove 142 too much, and will not cause any impact on the displacement of the pump part 130 . significant impact.
- the flow cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove 143 is not too small, so that a sufficient flow of lubricating oil can be ensured between the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 An oil film is formed to meet the needs of fluid lubrication.
- the ratio of the cross-sectional area S2 of the first lubricating groove 143 to the cross-sectional area S0 of the shaft hole of the first bearing 140 is greater than or equal to 0.02 and less than or equal to 0.08.
- the cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove 143 is limited, and the cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove 143 is not too small, which can ensure that the lubricating oil has Sufficient flow to form an oil film between the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 to meet the fluid lubrication requirement.
- the flow cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove 143 will not be too large, resulting in an excessively thick oil film formed between the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 , increasing the power consumption of the rotating shaft 121 .
- the cross-sectional area of the shaft hole of the first bearing 140 is limited so that it is within a suitable range, so that the oil will not enter the gap between the rotating shaft 121 and the first bearing 140 due to being too small. Similarly Therefore, the strength of the first bearing 140 itself will not be affected because the cross-sectional area of the shaft hole of the first bearing 140 is too large. Specifically, the shaft diameter of the first bearing 140 is greater than or equal to 6 mm and less than or equal to 12 mm.
- the shaft diameter of the first bearing 140 According to the relationship between the shaft diameter of the first bearing 140 and the deformation of the first bearing 140, and the relationship between the shaft diameter of the first bearing 140 and power consumption, it can be seen from the comparison that when the shaft diameter is less than 6 mm, the deformation of the bearing is larger, It is not favorable for the bearing to support the rotating shaft 121; when the shaft diameter is larger than 12 mm, the power consumption of the bearing increases sharply. Therefore, if the shaft diameter of the first bearing 140 meets the above range, it not only meets the requirements of bearing power consumption, but also avoids bearing deformation. Big.
- the pump device 100 further includes a sealing member 150 , which is connected to the side of the first bearing 140 away from the pump portion 130 , and the sealing member 150 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 121 .
- 150 , the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 form a liquid passage chamber 151 , and the liquid passage chamber 151 communicates with the first lubricating groove 143 .
- the first bearing 140 is connected to the casing 110, and the first bearing 140 can divide the cavity 111 enclosed by the casing 110 into a motor cavity and a pump cavity, so that the space arrangement can be more reasonable.
- the motor part 120 is located in the motor cavity
- the pump part 130 is located in the pump cavity.
- the sealing member 150 is connected to the side of the first bearing 140 away from the pump portion 130 , and the sealing member 150 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 121 .
- the seal 150 can isolate the motor cavity from the pump cavity, so that the working medium will not flow into the motor cavity, and will not affect the normal use of the stator 123, rotor 122, control part 190 and other components in the motor cavity.
- a part of the first bearing 140 extends away from the pump part 130 to form an installation position. Since the installation position and the first bearing 140 are integral structures, compared with In the post-processing method, because the mechanical properties of the one-piece structure are better, the connection strength can be improved. In addition, the first bearing 140 can be mass-produced to improve the processing efficiency of the product, reduce the processing cost of the product, improve the integrity of the pump device 100, reduce the number of parts, reduce the installation process, and improve the installation efficiency. In addition, a part of the first bearing 140 forms an installation position for installing the sealing member 150, which can ensure the installation accuracy of the sealing member 150, the assembly is simple, the sealing performance is good, and the cost is low.
- the sealing member 150 , the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 form a liquid passage chamber 151 , and the liquid passage chamber 151 communicates with the first lubricating groove 143 .
- the liquid passage chamber 151 formed by the seal 150, the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 can store a part of lubricating oil, and the liquid passage chamber 151 is used to store the lubricating oil from the first lubricating groove 143.
- the connection strength of the bearing 140 that is, the pressure that the seal 150 itself can bear, the liquid passage chamber 151 can play a buffering role, so that the oil in the liquid passage chamber 151, the first lubricating groove 143, and the throttling groove 142 can be under pressure.
- the balanced state is beneficial to ensure the fluid lubrication performance of the rotating shaft 121 and the first bearing 140 on the premise of ensuring the positional stability of the seal 150 .
- the pump device 100 further includes a pressure relief groove 144 , the pressure relief groove 144 is provided on the first bearing 140 , and the pressure relief groove 144 is connected through the liquid chamber 151 and the The second pressure chamber 132 .
- the pressure relief groove 144 is provided on the first bearing 140 , and the pressure relief groove 144 is used for connecting the fluid chamber 151 and the second pressure chamber 132 .
- the pressure relief groove 144 here can be in the form of a through hole, so that both ends of the through hole can communicate with the second pressure chamber 132 and the liquid passage chamber 151 .
- the pressure in the cavity 151 is better relieved, and the pressure of the oil is not only buffered by the liquid-passing cavity 151 itself.
- a complete lubricating oil path of the first bearing 140 can be formed, that is, the oil in the first pressure chamber 131 (high pressure chamber) enters the first oil groove 141, Then it flows into the gap between the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 and the first lubricating groove 143 through the throttle groove 142 to fully lubricate the rotating shaft 121 and the first bearing 140 to form an oil film to meet the needs of fluid lubrication, and then the lubricating oil will flow into The liquid passage chamber 151 further flows into the second pressure chamber 132 (low pressure chamber) from the pressure relief groove 144, so as to ensure that the pressure in the entire lubricating oil circuit will not be too high, that is, the pressure in the liquid passage chamber 151 will not be too high.
- the ratio of the flow cross-sectional area S3 of the pressure relief groove 144 to the flow cross-sectional area S2 of the first lubricating groove 143 is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 4.
- the through-flow cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove 143 is limited, so that the through-flow cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove 143 is not too small, so as to ensure that the lubricating oil has sufficient flow to form an oil film between the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 , to meet the fluid lubrication requirements; at the same time, the flow cross-sectional area of the first lubrication groove 143 will not be too large, resulting in an excessively thick oil film formed between the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 , increasing the power consumption of the rotating shaft 121 .
- the flow cross-sectional area of the throttle groove 142, the flow cross-sectional area of the first lubricating groove 143, and the flow cross-sectional area of the pressure relief groove 144 are considered, so that the three satisfy the above relationship, so that the first lubrication can be guaranteed.
- the simulation data it is determined that the flow rate of the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil passage of the first bearing 140 should not be lower than 3ml/s, and the shaft diameter of the first bearing 140 is 8mm.
- the first lubricating groove 143 is determined.
- design different structures of the flow cross-sectional area S1 of the throttle groove 142 and the flow cross-sectional area S3 of the pressure relief groove 144 to obtain the simulation data shown in Table 1 below:
- the solution in No. 3 is the optimal solution, that is, the flow cross-sectional area S1 of the throttle groove 142 is 0.4 mm 2 , and the flow cross-sectional area S2 of the first lubricating groove 143 is 1.57 mm 2 , the flow cross-sectional area S3 of the pressure relief groove 144 is 3.14 mm 2 .
- the oil flow in the first lubricating groove 143 is 7.3 ml/s, which meets the lubrication requirements and prevents the oil flow in the first bearing 140 from passing through. Therefore, the displacement of the pump device 100 is reduced.
- the pressure in the liquid passage chamber 151 is 112 kPa, and the pressure is not too high, so that serious leakage of oil can be avoided.
- the pump device 100 further includes a buffer chamber 160 , and the buffer chamber 160 is arranged on the first bearing 140 away from the pump. on the end face of the portion 130 .
- the buffer cavity 160 is provided on the end surface of the first bearing 140 facing away from the pump portion 130 .
- the buffer cavity 160 may be tapered, that is, the buffer cavity 160 may be a tapered cavity, so that the buffer cavity 160 can be lowered
- the rigidity of the first bearing 140 provides flexible support for the rotating shaft 121 , reduces the surface pressure on the axial end surface of the first bearing 140 away from the pump portion 130 , and effectively improves the wear of the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 .
- the buffer cavity 160 includes a first wall surface 161.
- the first wall surface 161 is a wall surface close to the rotating shaft 121. From the open end of the buffer cavity 160 to the bottom wall of the buffer cavity 160, the distance between the first wall surface 161 and the rotating shaft 121 is increased, which can It is understood that the first wall surface 161 is inclined and the position of the first wall surface 161 at the opening end of the buffer cavity 160 is closer to the rotating shaft 121 , the distance between the first wall surface 161 and the rotating shaft 121 is smaller at the opening, and the distance between the first wall surface 161 and the rotating shaft 121 is smaller.
- the first bearing 140 is usually made of an aluminum alloy material, when the rotating shaft 121 contacts the end of the first bearing 140, the first bearing 140 will be deformed.
- the bottom wall connection is a right-angle structure, and stress concentration will occur at the connection between the first wall surface 161 and the groove bottom of the groove body.
- the first bearing 140 is easy to be on the first wall surface 161. A fracture occurs at the connection structure with the bottom wall of the buffer cavity 160 .
- the first wall surface 161 is inclined relative to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 121 , the first wall surface 161 and the bottom wall of the buffer cavity 160 are not in a right-angle structure, thereby effectively reducing the damage rate of the first bearing 140 .
- the buffer cavity 160 includes a second wall surface 162 , the second wall surface 162 is disposed opposite to the first wall surface 161 , from the open end of the buffer cavity 160 to the bottom wall of the buffer cavity 160 , the distance between the second wall surface 162 and the rotating shaft 121 decrease.
- the second wall surface 162 is disposed obliquely with respect to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 121 , the second wall surface 162 is disposed opposite the first wall surface 161 , from the open end of the buffer cavity 160 to the bottom wall of the buffer cavity 160 , the second wall surface
- the distance between 162 and the rotating shaft 121 is reduced, so that the second wall surface 162 and the first wall surface 161 can be arranged symmetrically about the center line of the buffer cavity 160, that is, the buffer cavity 160 can be in a regular cone shape, which can better
- the shaft 121 provides flexible support.
- the buffer cavity 160 is configured as an inverted cone.
- the inverted cone-shaped buffer cavity 160 is conducive to mold drafting.
- the buffer cavity 160 is configured as an annular structure, that is, the buffer cavity 160 is provided in the circumferential direction of the first bearing 140 .
- the radial force on the first bearing 140 may occur at any time. change, that is, the first bearing 140 will be subjected to radial forces that vary in multiple directions, no matter which direction the radial force received by the first bearing 140 faces, the existence of the annular buffer cavity 160 enables the first bearing 140 to deform to a certain extent, thereby
- the rotating shaft 121 and the first bearing 140 are flexibly connected, and the first bearing 140 buffers the radial force of the rotating shaft 121 to avoid the problem that the first bearing 140 is easily damaged due to the rigid connection between the rotating shaft 121 and the first bearing 140 .
- this embodiment explains the support structure of the rotating shaft 121 in the pump device 100 .
- the pump device 100 further includes a second bearing 170 , the second bearing 170 is connected with the housing 110 and sleeved on the rotating shaft 121 , and the second bearing 170 is located on the side of the pump part 130 away from the first bearing 140 .
- the second bearing 170 is connected to the housing 110 , the second bearing 170 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 121 , and the second bearing 170 is located on the side of the pump portion 130 away from the first bearing 140 , that is, the first bearing 140
- the second bearing 170 and the second bearing 170 are disposed on both sides of the pump part 130 in the axial direction, and the first bearing 140 is closer to the motor part 120 than the second bearing 170 .
- the first bearing 140 and the second bearing 170 can play a supporting role for the rotating shaft 121.
- the load of the pump part 130 can be balanced by the rotating shaft 121,
- the first bearing 140 and the second bearing 170 are shared by three parts, so as to avoid possible damage to the rotating shaft 121 caused by the load being concentrated on the rotating shaft 121 .
- the first bearing 140 and the second bearing 170 are sliding bearings.
- the sliding bearing works smoothly, reliably and without noise.
- the sliding surface is separated by the lubricating oil without direct contact, which can greatly reduce friction loss and surface wear, and the sliding
- the gap between the bearing and the rotating shaft 121 is filled with lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil on the sliding surface will form an oil film to realize fluid lubrication. service life.
- Two sliding bearings support the rotating shaft 121, the clearance of the rotating shaft 121 is small, and the position of the axis of the rotating shaft 121 can be controlled within a reasonable range; In the embodiment, only two sliding bearings are used, which can not only simplify the support structure, but also reduce the cost.
- first bearing 140 has a first bearing surface close to the rotating shaft 121
- second bearing 170 has a second bearing surface close to the rotating shaft 121
- the axial height of the second bearing surface is less than or equal to the axial height of the first bearing surface, i.e. not greater than.
- the first bearing 140 is closer to the motor part 120 than the second bearing 170 , during the rotation of the rotor 122 in the motor part 120 , a radial force is generated between the stator 123 and the rotor 122 , and a load is also generated on the rotating shaft 121 . , therefore, the first bearing 140 also needs to carry the load from the motor part 120 .
- the second bearing surface By making the second bearing surface less than or equal to the first bearing surface, the first bearing 140 and the second bearing 170 are more suitable for different positions of the rotating shaft 121 On the premise of ensuring the lubrication reliability of the rotating shaft 121, the power consumption of the rotating shaft 121 can be reduced to a minimum level.
- a part of the inner side wall of the second bearing 170 is recessed away from the rotating shaft 121 to form a second lubricating groove 171 , and the second lubricating groove 171 communicates with the first pressure chamber 131 .
- the second lubricating groove 171 is formed by a depression of a part of the inner side wall of the second bearing 170 away from the rotating shaft 121 , and the second lubricating groove 171 communicates with the first pressure chamber 131 . Due to the pressure difference, the oil in the first pressure chamber 131 flows into the gap between the first bearing 140 and the rotating shaft 121 through the second lubricating groove 171.
- the oil in the second lubricating groove 171 The liquid will be coated on the surface of the rotating shaft 121, where the second lubricating groove 171 can play a role of temporarily storing lubricating oil, so that a fluid lubricating oil film can be formed between the inner wall of the second bearing 170 and the rotating shaft 121, and further ensure that the rotating shaft 121 and Lubrication between bearings.
- this embodiment explains the specific structure of the second bearing 170 . Further, as shown in FIG. On the end face of the pump part 130 , the thrust lubricating groove 172 communicates with the shaft hole of the second bearing 170 .
- the thrust lubricating groove 172 is provided on the end surface of the second bearing 170 close to the pump portion 130 , and the thrust lubricating groove 172 communicates with the shaft hole of the second bearing 170 .
- the rotating shaft 121 rotates at a high speed
- the lubricating oil in the matching gap with the second bearing 170 will be sheared, and the lubricating oil will enter the thrust lubricating groove 172 through the oil groove of the second bearing 170 under the action of the shearing force, forming a certain speed. and stress.
- the thrust lubricating groove 172 is provided on the end surface of the second bearing 170 close to the pump part 130 , and the thrust lubricating groove 172 communicates with the second bearing 170 and the shaft holes of the second bearing 170 .
- the rotating shaft 121 will shear the lubricating oil in the matching gap between itself and the second bearing 170.
- the lubricating oil entering the thrust lubricating groove 172 from the fitting gap will have a certain speed and pressure at this time.
- the end surface gap in contact between the second bearing 170 and the pump part 130 is small, and the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove 172 can flow to the end surface gap between the second bearing 170 and the pump part 130 .
- a fluid lubrication condition is formed between the contact end surfaces of the pump part 130 and the second bearing 170 , that is, the contact between the second bearing 170 and the pump part 130
- An oil film is formed on the end face, so that the boundary lubrication between the second bearing 170 and the pump part 130 transitions from boundary lubrication to fluid lubrication, so that the wear of the contact end face between the pump part 130 and the second bearing 170 can be greatly improved, and the power consumption can be reduced.
- the operation noise of the pump device 100 can be reduced.
- the notch area of the thrust lubricating groove 172 in the axial direction is larger than the groove bottom area of the thrust lubricating groove 172 .
- the thrust lubricating groove 172 includes two notches, and the directions of the two notches are different.
- the area of the notch defined toward the pump portion 130 in this design is larger than the area of the notch bottom. That is, in the axial direction away from the pump portion 130 , that is, in the top-down direction, the thrust lubricating groove 172 has a constricted shape. That is, the groove wall of the thrust lubricating groove 172 is inclined.
- the lubricating oil entering the thrust lubricating groove 172 has a certain speed and pressure, and on the other hand, the second bearing 170 is in contact with the pump part 130.
- the gap between the end faces of the thrust lubricating groove 172 is small, and the groove wall of the thrust lubricating groove 172 is inclined, so a converging wedge-shaped angle is formed between the thrust lubricating groove 172 and the end face gap, and the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove 172 will flow along the
- the inclined groove wall flows into the end face gap between the pump part 130 and the second bearing 170, that is, the lubricating oil enters the "small port" from the "large port”.
- the "large port” refers to the thrust lubrication groove 172
- the "small port” is the Refers to the gap between the second bearing 170 and the pump portion 130 . Therefore, the lubrication between the pump part 130 and the second bearing 170 can be enhanced, so that the lubrication state between the two is transitioned from boundary lubrication to fluid lubrication, thereby effectively reducing the wear rate between the two.
- the oil film between the contact surfaces of the pump part 130 and the second bearing 170 will generate a force that pushes the pump part 130 to move upward, so that the second bearing 170 and the pump part are located
- the lubricating oil in the end face of 130 acts as a floating seal, which can further reduce end face leakage.
- the end face leakage of the pump device 100 accounts for 75% to 80% of the total leakage of the pump device 100 . It is worth noting that lubricating oil has a certain viscosity.
- the thrust lubricating groove 172 includes a thrust wall, the thrust wall includes at least one thrust segment, the at least one thrust segment includes a first thrust segment, and in the axial direction away from the pump portion 130 , the first thrust The segment extends near the center of the thrust lubrication groove 172 .
- the thrust lubrication groove 172 includes a thrust wall, which is an inclined wall.
- the thrust wall extends close to the center of the thrust lubricating groove 172 in an axial direction away from the pump portion 130 , ie, in a top-to-bottom direction.
- the thrust wall includes at least one thrust segment, and the at least one thrust segment includes a first thrust segment extending in an axial direction away from the pump portion 130 near the center of the thrust lubricating groove 172 .
- the end face gap formed between the thrust lubricating groove 172, the pump portion 130 and the end face of the second bearing 170 forms a converging wedge-shaped angle between them, and the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove 172 will flow along the The inclined first thrust section flows into the end face gap between the pump part 130 and the second bearing 170 , that is, the lubricating oil enters the "small port" from the "large port”.
- the “large opening” refers to the thrust lubricating groove 172
- the “small opening” refers to the gap between the second bearing 170 and the pump portion 130 . Therefore, the lubrication between the pump part 130 and the second bearing 170 can be enhanced, so that the lubrication state between the two transitions from boundary lubrication to fluid lubrication, thereby effectively reducing the wear rate between the two.
- the first thrust segment may be composed of at least one straight segment and at least one curved segment, and the first thrust segment has a first end close to the pump portion 130 and a second end away from the pump portion 130 .
- the second end of the thrust segment extends close to the center of the thrust lubricating groove 172 , that is to say, the flow of lubricating oil is facilitated if the inclined extension trend of the first thrust segment satisfies the above relationship.
- the first thrust segment may be composed of multiple curved surfaces, or may be composed of multiple circular arcs.
- the included angle ⁇ between the first thrust segment and the axial end face of the second bearing 170 is greater than 0° and less than 90°.
- the axial end face of the second bearing 170 refers to the axial end face of the second bearing 170 close to the pump portion 130, and the included angle between the first thrust segment and the axial end face satisfies, 0° ⁇ ⁇ 90°, so that the first thrust segment can better drain the lubricating oil into the end face gap between the second bearing 170 and the pump part 130, so as to ensure that the lubricating oil can pass through its own speed and pressure, and pass through
- the first thrust segment is guided into the end face gap, so that a converging wedge-shaped angle is formed between the thrust lubricating groove 172 and the end face gap, and the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove 172 will flow to the pump part along the inclined groove wall.
- the lubrication between the pump part 130 and the second bearing 170 can be enhanced, so that the lubrication state between the two transitions from boundary lubrication to fluid lubrication, thereby effectively reducing the wear rate between the two.
- the included angle ⁇ between the first thrust segment and the axial end face of the second bearing 170 is 45°.
- the inclined first thrust section can be machined on the end face of the second bearing 170 close to the pump portion 130 by using a forming knife.
- the longitudinal section (in the axial direction) of the thrust lubricating groove 172 may be in the shape of an inverted triangle, a semicircle, or the like.
- the at least one thrust segment further includes a second thrust segment that extends axially and is connected between the first thrust segment and the groove bottom of the thrust lubricating groove 172 .
- the at least one thrust segment further includes a second thrust segment, the second thrust segment is axially extended to be connected to the first thrust segment and the groove bottom, and the second thrust segment is connected to the first thrust segment.
- the segments cooperate to form a thrust wall, ensuring that the volume of the thrust lubrication groove 172 meets the lubrication requirements. It is worth noting that, during the machining process, a straight groove is machined on the end face of the second bearing 170 facing the pump portion 130, and then chamfering is machined, so that the first thrust segment and the second thrust segment can be formed. sequence, the machining difficulty of the thrust lubricating groove 172 can be reduced.
- the number of the thrust walls is at least two.
- the number of the thrust walls is at least two, and each of the at least two thrust walls includes at least one thrust segment.
- the at least one thrust segment includes a first thrust segment.
- the at least one thrust segment also includes a second thrust segment. It should be noted that the structures of at least two thrust walls may be equal or unequal, and when the number of thrust walls is three, the structures of the three thrust walls may be partially equal and partially unequal.
- the at least two thrust walls include a first thrust wall, the first end of the first thrust wall is connected to the inner side wall of the second bearing 170 , and the first thrust wall is connected to the inner side wall of the second bearing 170
- the tangent plane where the point is located is the first reference plane, and the angle ⁇ 1 between the first thrust wall and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 0° and less than 90°.
- the first end of the first thrust wall is the start end of the first thrust wall
- the second end of the first thrust wall is the end end of the first thrust wall
- the first end is the same as the end of the first thrust wall.
- the inner side walls of the second bearing 170 are connected together, and the inner side wall of the second bearing 170 is the side wall of the shaft hole of the second bearing 170 .
- the tangent plane where the connection point between the first end and the second bearing 170 is located is the first reference plane, and the angle ⁇ 1 between the first thrust wall and the first reference plane is greater than or equal to 0° and less than 90°.
- the rotating shaft 121 will shear the lubricating oil in the matching gap between itself and the second bearing 170, and the lubricating oil will enter the thrust lubricating groove 172 from the matching gap under the action of the shear force ⁇ .
- the lubricating oil entering the thrust lubricating groove 172 has a certain speed and pressure.
- the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove 172 will undergo axial shearing and surface shearing, thereby forming a negative pressure at the position of the thrust lubricating groove 172 close to the shaft hole, In order to suck the lubricating oil between the rotating shaft 121 and the second bearing 170, and the position of the thrust lubricating groove 172 away from the shaft hole is higher, the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove 172 can be better drawn along the inclined direction.
- the thrust wall flows into the end face gap between the second bearing 170 and the pump part 130, so that the lubrication between the pump part 130 and the second bearing 170 can be enhanced, so that the lubrication state between the two transitions from boundary lubrication to fluid lubrication , thereby effectively reducing the wear rate between the two.
- the at least two thrust walls further include a second thrust wall, the second thrust wall is disposed opposite to the first thrust wall, and the first end of the second thrust wall is connected to the inner side wall of the second bearing 170 ,
- the tangent plane of the connection point between the second thrust wall and the inner side wall of the second bearing 170 is the second reference plane, and the angle ⁇ 2 between the second thrust wall and the second reference plane is greater than 0° and less than 90°.
- the at least two thrust walls further include a second thrust wall
- the first end of the second thrust wall is the starting end of the second thrust wall
- the second end of the second thrust wall is The second end is the terminal end of the second thrust wall
- the second end is connected to the inner side wall of the second bearing 170
- the inner side wall of the second bearing 170 is the side wall of the shaft hole of the second bearing 170 .
- the tangent plane where the connection point between the first end and the second bearing 170 is located is the second reference plane, and the angle ⁇ 2 between the second thrust wall and the second reference plane is greater than or equal to 0° and less than 90°.
- the rotating shaft 121 will shear the lubricating oil in the matching gap between itself and the second bearing 170, and the lubricating oil will enter the thrust lubricating groove 172 from the matching gap under the action of the shear force ⁇ .
- the lubricating oil entering the thrust lubricating groove 172 has a certain speed and pressure.
- the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove 172 will undergo axial shearing and surface shearing, thereby forming a negative pressure at the position of the thrust lubricating groove 172 close to the shaft hole,
- the thrust wall flows into the end face gap between the second bearing 170 and the pump portion 130 . Therefore, the lubrication between the pump part 130 and the second bearing 170 can be enhanced, so that the lubrication state between the two transitions from boundary lubrication to fluid lubrication, thereby effectively reducing the wear rate between the two.
- the at least two thrust walls further include a third thrust wall, and the third thrust wall is respectively connected with the second end of the first thrust wall and the second end of the second thrust wall.
- the at least two thrust walls further include a third thrust wall, and the third thrust wall is respectively connected with the second end of the first thrust wall and the second end of the second thrust wall. That is, the thrust lubricating groove 172 is jointly formed by the first thrust wall, the second thrust wall and the third thrust wall, so that the shape design of the thrust lubricating groove 172 can be facilitated.
- the projections of the first thrust wall, the second thrust wall and the third thrust wall on the axial end surface of the second bearing 170 may be a straight segment or a curved segment.
- the third thrust wall of the thrust lubricating groove 172 is an arc-shaped wall.
- the third thrust wall is an arc-shaped wall, that is, the projection of the third thrust wall on the axial end surface of the second bearing 170 is an arc segment. Since the position corresponding to the third thrust wall is far from the shaft hole of the thrust lubricating groove 172, the pressure of the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove 172 corresponding to this position is relatively high.
- It can facilitate the flow of lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove 172, that is, it can facilitate the lubricating oil to enter the "small mouth” from the “big mouth”, and enhance the lubrication between the pump part 130 and the second bearing 170, so that the lubrication state between the two is changed from Boundary lubrication transitions to fluid lubrication, effectively reducing the wear rate between the two.
- this embodiment explains a lubricating oil circuit of the second bearing 170 .
- the casing 110 includes a casing 112 and a pump cover 113 .
- the casing 112 Surrounded on the outside of the motor part 120 and the pump part 130 , the casing 112 is connected to the first bearing 140 .
- the pump cover 113 is connected to the casing 112, the pump cover 113 and the casing 112 form a cavity 111, the pump cover 113 is connected with the second bearing 170, and a part of the pump cover 113 extends away from the pump part 130 to form an extension part 114, extending
- the part 114 is used to form the oil pool 115 ; the shaft hole of the second bearing 170 is an axially penetrating through hole.
- the casing 110 includes a casing 112 and a pump cover 113 connected to the casing 112 , the pump cover 113 and the casing 112 form a cavity 111 , and the casing 112 surrounds the motor part 120 and the pump part 130 outside.
- the casing 112 is connected with the first bearing 140
- the pump cover 113 is connected with the second bearing 170 .
- the first bearing 140 and the casing 112 can be integrally formed, and the casing 112 and the first bearing 140 are integrally formed.
- the connection strength is higher, the space can be saved, the height of the whole machine can be reduced, and the The difficulty of the preparation process can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the pump cover 113 and the second bearing 170 can be integrally formed, which saves more height space, not only reduces the height of the whole machine, but also reduces the cost.
- extension portion 114 is formed by a part of the pump cover 113 extending away from the pump portion 130 . Therefore, the extension portion 114 and the pump cover 113 are integrally formed, and the connection strength is high compared to the post-processing method.
- the extension 114 is used to form an oil pool 115 capable of storing lubricating oil.
- the shaft hole on the second bearing 170 is an axially penetrating through hole, and both ends of the through hole communicate with the thrust lubricating groove 172 and the oil pool 115 respectively.
- the rotating shaft 121 will shear the lubricating oil in the matching gap between itself and the second bearing 170, and the lubricating oil will be removed from the matching gap (through hole) under the action of the shearing force.
- the thrust lubricating groove 172 the lubricating oil entering the thrust lubricating groove 172 has a certain speed and pressure at this time.
- the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove 172 will undergo shaft shearing and surface shearing, so that a negative pressure is formed at the position of the thrust lubricating groove 172 close to the shaft hole, so as to reduce the lubricating oil between the rotating shaft 121 and the second bearing 170 Inhalation, and the thrust lubricating groove 172 has a higher pressure at a position away from the shaft hole, so that the lubricating oil in the thrust lubricating groove 172 can be pushed into the end face gap between the second bearing 170 and the pump part 130 better. Therefore, the lubrication between the pump part 130 and the second bearing 170 can be enhanced, so that the lubrication state between the two transitions from boundary lubrication to fluid lubrication, thereby effectively reducing the wear rate between the two.
- the oil is pumped into the thrust lubricating groove 172 to lubricate the contact surface between the pump part 130 and the second bearing 170, and then enters the gap between the second bearing 170 and the pump part 130, and then the pressure difference Under the action of gravity and gravity, it enters the oil pool 115 in the low pressure area.
- the lubricating oil path of the second bearing 170 is as follows: the oil enters the gap between the second bearing 170 and the rotating shaft 121 through the oil pool 115 (through hole, the second lubricating groove 171 ), and then enters the thrust lubricating groove 172. Under the action of the thrust lubricating groove 172, the oil enters the end face gap between the pump part 130 and the second bearing 170, and enters the low-pressure oil pool 115 under the action of the pressure difference and gravity.
- By forming a completed lubricating oil passage for the second bearing 170 it is beneficial to ensure the lubricating performance between the second bearing 170 and the rotating shaft 121 .
- the pump cover 113 and the second bearing 170 are integrally formed. Compared with the post-processing method, the connection strength is higher, the space can be saved, the height of the whole machine can be reduced, the difficulty of the manufacturing process can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. .
- the casing 110 includes a casing 112 and a pump cover 113 .
- the casing 112 is surrounded on the outside of the motor part 120 and the pump part 130 , and the casing 112 is connected with the first bearing 140 .
- the pump cover 113 is connected to the casing 112, the pump cover 113 and the casing 112 form a cavity 111, and the pump cover 113 is connected with the second bearing 170; the shaft hole of the second bearing 170 is a blind hole with one end open.
- the communication groove is provided on the second bearing 170 and/or the pump cover 113, and the communication groove communicates with the first pressure chamber 131 and the blind hole.
- the casing 110 includes a casing 112 and a pump cover 113 connected to the casing 112 , the pump cover 113 and the casing 112 form a cavity 111 , and the casing 112 surrounds the motor part 120 and the pump part 130 outside.
- the casing 112 is connected with the first bearing 140
- the pump cover 113 is connected with the second bearing 170 .
- the first bearing 140 and the casing 112 can be integrally formed, and the casing 112 and the first bearing 140 are integrally formed.
- the connection strength is higher, the space can be saved, the height of the whole machine can be reduced, and the The difficulty of the preparation process can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the pump cover 113 and the second bearing 170 can be integrally formed, which saves more height space, not only reduces the height of the whole machine, but also reduces the cost.
- the shaft hole of the second bearing 170 is a blind hole with one end open, a communication groove is provided on the second bearing 170 and/or the pump cover 113 , and the communication groove is used to communicate the first pressure chamber 131 and the blind hole.
- the lubricating oil path of the second bearing 170 is as follows: the pressurized oil enters the blind hole (the gap between the second bearing 170 and the rotating shaft 121 , the gap between the second bearing 170 and the rotating shaft 121 , the gap between the second bearing 170 and the rotating shaft 121 ) through the -communication groove.
- the low pressure region specifically refers to the oil inlet 181 and the second pressure chamber 132.
- the pump portion 130 includes a first rotating member 133 and a second rotating member 134,
- the first rotating member 133 is matched with the rotating shaft 121 .
- the second rotating member 134 is disposed outside the first rotating member 133 .
- the first rotating member 133 can drive the second rotating member 134 to rotate.
- the second rotating member 134 and the first rotating member 133 form a first pressure chamber 131 and a second rotating member 133 . pressure chamber 132 .
- the pump device 100 further includes an oil inlet 181 and an oil outlet 182, the oil inlet 181 is axially opened on the pump cover 113 and/or the second bearing 170, and the oil inlet 181 communicates with the second pressure chamber 132; the oil outlet 182 is radially opened on the pump cover 113 and the second bearing 170 , and the oil outlet 182 communicates with the first pressure chamber 131 of the pump part 130 .
- the pump part 130 includes a first rotating member 133 and a second rotating member 134, the first rotating member 133 is matched with the rotating shaft 121, the second rotating member 134 is disposed outside the first rotating member 133, the first rotating member 133 is The rotating member 133 can drive the second rotating member 134 to rotate. It can be understood that the rotating shaft 121 can drive the second rotating member 134 to rotate through the first rotating member 133 .
- a first pressure chamber 131 and a second pressure chamber 132 are formed by arranging the first rotating member 133 and the second rotating member 134 , and the first pressure chamber 131 is a high pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber 132 is a low pressure chamber.
- the first rotating member 133 is an internal gear
- the second rotating member 134 is an external gear
- the pump portion 130 is a gear pump.
- the former pair of teeth has not yet been disengaged, and the latter pair of teeth has entered meshing, and each inner tooth surface is in contact with the outer tooth surface to form a closed cavity.
- the volume of the airtight chamber 111 will change, and if the unloading channel cannot be connected, a trapped oil volume will be formed.
- the method of eliminating the trapped oil is to open the unloading groove on both ends of the gear, so that when the closed volume decreases, the unloading groove communicates with the oil pressure chamber, and when the closed volume increases, it communicates with the oil suction chamber through the unloading groove.
- each tooth is in contact with each other, and drives the outer gear to rotate in the same direction.
- the inner gear divides the inner cavity of the outer gear into multiple working chambers. Due to the offset of the center of the inner and outer gears, the volumes of the multiple working chambers change with the rotation of the rotor 122, and a certain vacuum is formed in the area where the volume increases, and the oil inlet 181 is provided. At this location, the pressure in the area where the volume is reduced increases, and the oil outlet 182 is correspondingly arranged here.
- the pump device 100 further includes an oil inlet 181 and an oil outlet 182 , the oil inlet 181 is axially opened on the pump cover 113 and/or the second bearing 170 , and the oil inlet 181 communicates with the second pressure chamber 132 . Since the second pressure chamber 132 is a low pressure chamber and there is a pressure difference with the outside of the chamber, the oil will enter the second pressure chamber 132 through the oil inlet 181 .
- the oil outlet 182 is radially opened on the pump cover 113 and the second bearing 170 , and the oil outlet 182 communicates with the first pressure chamber 131 .
- the oil in the first pressure chamber 131 will flow out through the oil outlet 182 . That is, the main oil circuit of the pump device 100 is the negative pressure that can be generated at the second pressure chamber 132 and the oil inlet 181. Under the action of the negative pressure, the oil in the oil pool 115 is attracted to the oil inlet 181, and then Enter the second pressure chamber 132 (low pressure chamber), the oil entering the second pressure chamber 132 enters the high pressure chamber under the action of the first rotating member 133 and the second rotating member 134 to be pressurized, and the pressurized oil exits through the oil Port 182 exits.
- the oil inlet 181 and the oil outlet 182 in the process of ensuring the rotation of the gear, the oil inlet 181 and the teeth of the first rotating member 133 and the second rotating member 134 are connected as soon as possible. Before the inner gear and the outer gear form the maximum volume, the gear volume cavity is always communicated with the oil inlet 181, and the oil filling time should be prolonged as much as possible, so that the volume cavity between the inner and outer teeth is filled with oil, thereby ensuring the oil absorption.
- the oil outlet 182 should also be connected to the high pressure oil between the teeth as soon as possible to reduce the over-compression work between the teeth, and closed as late as possible to make full use of the inertia of the fluid to drain the oil between the teeth, thereby improving the volumetric efficiency of the internal gear oil pump. .
- the inner and outer gears form the maximum volume, they cannot communicate with the oil inlet 181 to avoid affecting the volumetric efficiency of the pump device 100 at low speed.
- this embodiment explains the specific structure of the motor part 120 . Further, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
- the stator 123 is sleeved on the outside of the rotor 122, the stator 123 includes a stator iron core and a stator winding, and the stator winding is arranged on the stator iron core.
- the pump device 100 further includes a control part 190 , the control part 190 is arranged on the side of the motor part 120 away from the pump part 130 , the control part 190 is connected to the casing 110 and located in the cavity 111 , and the ends of the stator windings are connected to the control part 190 . electrical connection.
- the motor part 120 further includes a rotor 122 and a stator 123 .
- the rotor 122 is connected with the rotating shaft 121, and the rotor 122 and the rotating shaft 121 can be arranged coaxially, and the matching mode of the rotor 122 and the rotating shaft 121 can be interference fit, and alternatively, the rotor 122 and the rotating shaft 121 can be arranged not coaxially
- the two are connected by transmission and can be set flexibly according to the actual situation.
- the stator 123 is sleeved on the outer side of the rotor 122, the stator 123 includes a stator iron core and a stator winding, and the stator winding is arranged on the stator iron core.
- the pump device 100 further includes a control part 190.
- the control part 190 is arranged on the side of the motor part 120 away from the pump part 130, that is, the control part 190 is arranged at a position where the motor part 120 is far away from the pump part 130, because it is close to the pump part during operation.
- the position of 130 vibrates more obviously, and the load is relatively large, so the control part 190 is far away from the pump part 130, which can protect the control part 190 to a certain extent and improve the service life of the control part 190.
- control part 190 is connected to the casing 110 and located in the cavity 111 , and the ends of the stator windings are electrically connected to the control part 190 .
- the control unit 190 controls the current of the stator windings in the stator 123 to change according to a certain law, thereby controlling the stator 123 to generate a changing excitation magnetic field, and the rotor 122 rotates under the action of the excitation magnetic field, thereby passing
- the rotating shaft 121 drives the first rotating member 133 in the pump portion 130 to rotate, thereby making the second rotating member 134 move.
- the volume of the compression cavity formed between the first rotating member 133 and the second rotating member 134 is generated. changes, so that the working medium entering the compression chamber is pressed out to the oil outlet 182 to generate flow power.
- an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a vehicle 200 including: the pump device 100 according to any one of the above embodiments.
- the vehicle 200 proposed in the present application because it has the pump device 100 of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, further has the beneficial effects of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
- the vehicle 200 may be a new energy vehicle.
- new energy vehicles include pure electric vehicles, extended-range electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles, and hydrogen engine vehicles.
- the vehicle 200 may also be a conventional fuel vehicle.
- the vehicle 200 includes a body 210 and an engine 220 .
- the pump device 100 and the engine 220 are both disposed in the vehicle body 210, the engine 220 includes a mounting seat 221, and the mounting seat 221 is connected to the extension portion 114 of the pump device 100, so that the oil pool 115 is formed by the cooperation of the mounting seat 221 and the extension portion 114, Further, the oil pool 115 can be communicated with the oil source of the engine 220 to realize the communication of the oil circuit.
- the engine 220 when the vehicle 200 is a new energy vehicle, the engine 220 is an electric motor; when the vehicle 200 is a fuel vehicle, the engine 220 is a fuel engine.
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Abstract
一种泵装置(100),包括壳体(110)、电机部(120)、泵部(130)、第一轴承(140)、第一油槽(141)和节流槽(142),壳体(110)具有腔体(111),电机部(120)包括绕电机部(120)的中心轴线转动的转轴(121);泵部(130)设置在电机部(120)的轴向一侧并与转轴(121)相接触,泵部(130)能够被转轴(121)带动而转动;第一轴承(140)与壳体(110)相连并套设在转轴(121)上,第一轴承(140)位于电机部(120)和泵部(130)之间;第一油槽(141)设置在第一轴承(140)朝向泵部(130)的第一端面上,第一油槽(141)与第一压力腔(131)连通,节流槽(142)设置在第一端面上,节流槽(142)连通第一油槽(141)和第一轴承(140)与转轴(121)之间的间隙。通过第一油槽(141)和节流槽(142)的配合使用,既可以满足第一轴承(140)和转轴(121)之间的润滑要求,又不至于第一轴承(140)内流量过大从而降低泵装置(100)的排量。还提供了一种具有该泵装置(100)的车辆。
Description
本申请要求于2020年09月03日提交中国专利局、申请号为“202010913992.2”、发明名称为“泵装置和车辆”、以及2020年09月03日提交中国专利局、申请号为“202021898979.6”、发明名称为“泵装置和车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请的实施例涉及泵装置技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种泵装置和一种车辆。
一般情况下,泵装置包括电机部和泵部,电机部的转轴可以带动泵部转动,从而实现泵装置的压缩功能。然而,转轴在高速旋转过程中会存在与泵装置的其他结构摩擦问题,为了减少转轴的磨损,通常采用泵部的油液对转轴进行润滑,然而,如何在确保满足转轴润滑要求的同时又不会明显影响到泵装置的排量成为亟待解决的难题。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题至少之一,本申请的实施例的一个目的在于提供一种泵装置。
本申请的实施例的另一个目的在于提供一种具有上述泵装置的车辆。
为实现上述目的,本申请第一方面的实施例提供了一种泵装置,包括壳体、电机部、泵部、第一轴承、第一油槽和节流槽。其中,壳体具有腔体。电机部包括绕电机部的中心轴线转动的转轴。泵部设置在电机部的轴向一侧并与转轴相接触,泵部能够被转轴带动而转动。泵部包括第一压力腔和第二压力腔,第一压力腔承受的压力大于第二压力腔承受的压力。第一轴承与壳体相连并套设在转轴上,第一轴承位于电机部和泵部之间。第一油槽设置在第一轴承朝向泵部的第一端面上,第一油槽与第一压力腔连通。节流槽设置在第一端面上,节流槽连通第一油槽和第一轴承与转轴之间的间隙。
根据本申请提供的泵装置的实施例,泵装置包括壳体、电机部、泵部、第一轴承、第一油槽以及节流槽。其中,壳体具有腔体,电机部和泵部设于腔体内,从而通过壳体确保电机部、泵部不受外界环境影响,能够正常运行。电机部包括绕电机部的中心轴线转动的转轴,泵部设于电机部的轴向一侧,且泵部与转轴相接触,具体地,泵部与转轴过盈配合,泵部能够被转轴带动而转动,可以理解为,电机部通过转轴驱动泵部运转。泵部包括第一压力腔和第二压力腔,第一压力腔承受的压力大于第二压力腔承受的压力,进一步地,第一压力腔可以为高压腔,第二压力腔可以为低压腔。
此外,第一轴承与壳体相连,第一轴承位于电机部与泵部之间,第一轴承套设在转轴上,第一轴承在一定程度上可以对转轴起到支撑的作用。值得说明的是,第一轴承能够对转轴提供润滑支撑,由于第一轴承和转轴的轴心重合,在实际工作过程中,转轴驱动泵部转动,因而泵部会对转轴施加径向方向上的力,转轴在受到径向力的同时会推动第一轴承朝向一边偏,此时,转轴与第一轴承接触,第一轴承将会对转轴提供支撑作用,从而可以将转轴的游隙控制在合理的范围内,从而便于转轴轴心的控制。
值得说明的是,第一轴承为滑动轴承,滑动轴承是指在滑动摩擦下工作的轴承。相较于滚动轴承的形式而言,滑动轴承工作平稳、可靠、无噪声,在液体润滑条件下,滑动表面被润滑油分开而不发生直接接触,可以大大减小摩擦损失和表面磨损,且滑动轴承与转轴之间的间隙有润滑油填充,滑动表面的润滑油会形成一层油膜,实现流体润滑,油膜还具有一定的吸振能力,提高了第一轴承以及转轴的使用寿命。
进一步地,第一油槽设于第一轴承朝向泵部的第一端面上,第一油槽与第一压力腔连通,由于第一压力腔内的压力较大,一部分油液会由第一压力腔流至第一油槽内,之后再流入到转轴与第一轴承的间隙中,保证第一轴承与转轴之间的润滑性能。
进一步地,节流槽设于第一端面上,即节流槽设于第一轴承朝向泵部的第一端面上,节流槽用于连通第一油槽和第一轴承与转轴之间的间隙。也就是说,第一压力腔内的油液先流至第一油槽,再通过节流槽流至第一轴承与转轴之间的间隙,节流槽可以有效的避免过多的油液流入第一轴承与转轴的间隙,进而影响到泵装置的排量。
因而,为了确保第一轴承与转轴之间的流体润滑性能,也就是为了向第一轴承与转轴之间的间隙提供充足的润滑油,同时又要确保泵部的排量不会严重泄漏,即泵部的排量不会被用于润滑的油液而显著影响,通过第一油槽和节流槽的配合使用,既可以实现第一轴承和转轴之间的润滑要求,又不至于第一轴承内流量过大从而降低泵装置的排量。
具体地,第一油槽可以平衡泵部的高压侧中的各个容腔之间的压力,使得高压侧各容腔压力相近,从而可以减小运行过程中的噪音和机械振动。
进一步地,节流槽的通流截面积小于第一油槽的通流截面积,从而通过节流槽可以控制第一轴承与转轴之间的间隙内的润滑油的流量。
另外,本申请提供的上述技术方案还可以具有如下附加技术特征:
在上述技术方案中,进一步地,第一轴承的内侧壁的一部分背离转轴凹陷以形成第一润滑槽,第一润滑槽与节流槽连通。
在该技术方案中,第一润滑槽由第一轴承的内侧壁的一部分背离转轴凹陷形成,第一润滑槽与节流槽连通。由于存在压力差,第一压力腔内的油液依次通过第一油槽、节流槽再流入到第一轴承和转轴之间的间隙中,同时也能够填充在第一润滑槽内,随着转轴的转动,第一润滑槽内的油液会涂覆于转轴的表面,这里第一润滑槽起到短暂存储润滑油的作用,从而可以使第一轴承的内壁 和转轴之间形成流体润滑油膜,进一步确保转轴和轴承之间的可靠润滑性。进一步地,第一润滑槽沿轴向贯穿设置在第一轴承上,第一润滑槽与第一轴承的轴孔连通,第一润滑槽的一端与节流槽连通,第一润滑槽的另一端朝向电机腔的方向延伸。进一步地,第一润滑槽的数量为至少一个,根据实际润滑需求灵活设置即可。
在上述任一技术方案中,进一步地,节流槽的通流截面积S1与第一润滑槽的通流截面积S2的比值大于等于0.1,小于等于0.4。
在该技术方案中,0.1≤(S1/S2)≤0.4,对于节流槽的通流截面积进行控制,节流槽的通流截面积不会过大,从而可以确保泵部中高压侧的油液不会泄漏过多而影响泵部的正常压缩,即油液不会过多地通过节流槽流入第一润滑槽中,不会对泵部的排量造成显著的影响。通过对第一润滑槽的通流截面积进行限定,使第一润滑槽的通流截面积不至于过小,从而可以确保足够流量的润滑油可以在第一轴承和转轴之间形成油膜,满足流体润滑的需求。
在上述任一技术方案中,进一步地,第一润滑槽的通流截面积S2与第一轴承的轴孔横截面积S0的比值大于等于0.02,小于等于0.08。
在该技术方案中,0.02≤(S2/S0)≤0.08,对第一润滑槽的通流截面积进行限定,第一润滑槽的通流截面积不至于过小,可以确保润滑油有足够的流量以在第一轴承和转轴之间形成油膜,满足流体润滑需求。第一润滑槽的通流截面积不至于过大,导致第一轴承与转轴之间形成的油膜过厚,增大转轴的功耗。
进一步地,对第一轴承的轴孔的横截面积进行限定,使其处在合适的范围内,不会因为过小影响油液进入到转轴与第一轴承之间的间隙,同样地,也不会因为第一轴承的轴孔的横截面积过大,影响到第一轴承本身的强度。具体地,第一轴承的轴径大于等于6mm,小于等于12mm。根据第一轴承的轴径与第一轴承变形量的关系图、第一轴承的轴径与功耗的关系图可知,对比可知,在轴径小于6mm时,轴承变形量较大,不利于轴承对转轴支撑;当轴径大于12mm时,轴承功耗剧增,因此,令第一轴承的轴径满足上述范围,则既满足轴承功耗的要求,又可以避免轴承变形过大。
在上述任一技术方案中,进一步地,泵装置还包括密封件,连接在第一轴承背离泵部的一侧,密封件套设在转轴上,密封件、第一轴承和转轴形成过液腔,过液腔与第一润滑槽连通。
在该技术方案中,第一轴承连接在壳体上,第一轴承可以将壳体围成的腔体分隔为电机腔和泵腔,从而可以使空间布置更加合理。电机部位于电机腔内,泵部位于泵腔中。其中,密封件连接在第一轴承背离泵部的一侧且密封件套设在转轴上。具体地,密封件可以将电机腔与泵腔隔绝,使得工作介质不会流入电机腔内,不会影响电机腔中的定子、转子、控制部等部件的正常使用,电机腔内不需要额外设置其他结构以保证电机腔内的零部件受到腐蚀,使得泵装置的密封性能更好,同时结构更加简单,有利于降低成本。
值得说明的是,第一轴承的一部分背离泵部延伸以构造出安装位,由于安装位与第一轴承是一体式结构的,相较于后加工的方式,因为一体式结构的力学性能较好,从而能够提高连接强度。另外,可将第一轴承批量生产,以提高产品的加工效率,降低产品的加工成本,提高了泵装置的整体性,减少零部件数量,减少安装工序,提高安装效率。此外,通过第一轴承的一部分形成用于安装密封件的安装位,可以确保密封件的安装准确性,装配简单、密封性能好,成本低廉。
进一步地,密封件、第一轴承和转轴形成过液腔,且过液腔与第一润滑槽连通。密封件、第一轴承和转轴所形成的过液腔能够存储一部分润滑油,过液腔用于存储来自于第一润滑槽的润滑油,通过控制密封件与第一轴承的连接强度,即密封件自身所能承受的压力,过液腔能够起到缓冲作用,使得过液腔、第一润滑槽、节流槽中的油液能够处于压力均衡状态,在确保密封件位置稳定性的前提下,有利于确保转轴与第一轴承的流体润滑性能。
在上述任一技术方案中,进一步地,泵装置还包括泄压槽,泄压槽设置在第一轴承上,泄压槽连通过液腔和第二压力腔。
在该技术方案中,泄压槽设于第一轴承上,且泄压槽用于连通过液腔和第二压力腔。这里的泄压槽可以采用贯通孔的形式,从而使得贯通孔的两端能够连通第二压力腔和过液腔,由于第二压力腔内的压强较小,因此可以使过液腔内的压力得到更好地释放,不仅仅依靠过液腔自身来缓冲油液的压力。
进一步地,通过在第一轴承上设置泄压槽,从而可以形成完整的第一轴承的润滑油路,即第一压力腔(高压腔)内的油液进入第一油槽,然后经过节流槽流入第一轴承和转轴的间隙以及第一润滑槽内,对转轴和第一轴承进行充分润滑,形成油膜以满足流体润滑的需求,之后润滑油会流入过液腔,进一步从泄压槽流入第二压力腔(低压腔)中,从而可以确保整个润滑油路中的压力不会过高,即过液腔内的压力不会过高,避免压力高于密封件所能承受的压力极限值,确保密封件的位置的可靠性,有效地避免高压下密封件从第一轴承上脱离,导致润滑油泄漏,无法确保电机腔和泵腔之间的密封性能。
在上述任一技术方案中,进一步地,泄压槽的通流截面积S3与第一润滑槽的通流截面积S2的比值大于等于1,小于等于4。
在该技术方案中,1≤(S3/S2)≤4。对第一润滑槽的通流截面积进行限定,使第一润滑槽的通流截面积不会过小,确保润滑油有足够的流量以在第一轴承和转轴之间形成油膜,满足流体润滑需求;同时第一润滑槽的通流截面积也不会过大,导致第一轴承与转轴之间形成的油膜过厚,增加转轴的功耗。
此外,通过对泄压槽的通流面积进行限定,从而确保油封腔的压力不会过高,确保油封的密封效果,避免由于过液腔内压力过高而使得油封从第一轴承上脱离。本申请在考虑到节流槽的通流截面积、第一润滑槽的通流截面积以及泄压槽的通流截面积,使得三者满足上述关系式,从而能够保证第一润滑槽内有充足的油液流量来确保第一轴承和转轴的润滑,同时,又能保证过液腔内的压力足够低,而不会影响到密封件与第一轴承之间的密封连接,有效减少油液 泄漏。
在上述任一技术方案中,进一步地,泵装置还包括缓冲腔,缓冲腔设置在第一轴承背离泵部的端面上。
在该技术方案中,缓冲腔设于第一轴承背离泵部的端面上,具体地,缓冲腔可以呈锥形,即缓冲腔可以为锥形腔,从而缓冲腔能够降低第一轴承的刚性,为转轴提供柔性支撑,降低第一轴承背离泵部的轴向端面上的面压,有效改善第一轴承和转轴的磨损情况。
进一步地,缓冲腔的开口面积大于缓冲腔的底壁面积。缓冲腔包括第一壁面,第一壁面为靠近转轴的壁面,自缓冲腔的开口端至缓冲腔的底壁,第一壁面与转轴之间的间距增大,可以理解为,第一壁面倾斜设置且第一壁面位于缓冲腔开口端的位置更加靠近转轴,第一壁面与转轴的间距在开口处较小,第一壁面与转轴的间距在位于腔底的位置处较大,这也就使得第一壁面与槽体的槽底之间并未形成直角结构。由于,第一轴承通常采用铝合金材料制成,因此,当转轴与第一轴承的端部相接触时,会使得第一轴承发生形变,如果第一壁面与锥形腔的底壁连接处呈直角结构,在第一壁面与槽体的槽底的连接处会出现应力集中的情况,第一轴承受到转轴的压力时,第一轴承容易在第一壁面与缓冲腔的底壁的连接结构处发生断裂。而当第一壁面相对于转轴的轴向倾斜设置,使得第一壁面与缓冲腔的底壁之间不是直角结构,从而可以有效降低第一轴承的损坏率。
在上述任一技术方案中,进一步地,缓冲腔包括:第二壁面,第二壁面与第一壁面相对设置,自缓冲腔的开口端至缓冲腔的底壁,第二壁面与转轴之间的间距减小。
在该技术方案中,第二壁面相对于转轴的轴向倾斜设置,第二壁面与第一壁面相对设置,自缓冲腔的开口端至缓冲腔的底壁,第二壁面与转轴之间的间距减小,从而第二壁面与第一壁面可以是关于缓冲腔的中心线轴对称设置,即缓冲腔可以呈规则的锥形,进而能够更好的为转轴提供柔性支撑。能够理解的是,在背离电机部的轴向方向上,第一壁面与转轴的间距增大,第二壁面与转轴的间隙减小,缓冲腔被构造为倒锥状,在对缓冲腔进行加工过程中,倒锥状的缓冲腔有利于拔模。
进一步地,缓冲腔被构造为环形结构,也就是说,在第一轴承的周向上均设置有缓冲腔,在转轴转动时,第一轴承受到的径向力可能随时会发生变化,即第一轴承会受到多个方向变化的径向力,而无论第一轴承受到的径向力朝向哪个方向,环形缓冲腔的存在使得第一轴承能够发生一定形变,从而使得转轴和第一轴承柔性连接,第一轴承对转轴的径向力起到缓冲作用,避免转轴与第一轴承刚性连接而造成第一轴承容易损坏的问题。
在上述任一技术方案中,进一步地,泵装置还包括第二轴承,第二轴承与壳体相连并套设在转轴上,第二轴承位于泵部背离第一轴承的一侧。
在该技术方案中,第二轴承与壳体相连,且第二轴承套设在转轴上,第二轴承位于泵部背离第一轴承的一侧,即第一轴承和第二轴承分置在泵部轴向的 两侧,且第一轴承相较于第二轴承更加靠近电机部。第一轴承和第二轴承可以对转轴起到支撑的作用,通过转轴、第一轴承和第二轴承的配合使用,从而可以使泵部的负载均衡地被转轴、第一轴承和第二轴承三部分分担,避免负载集中于转轴而可能造成的转轴损坏。
具体地,第一轴承和第二轴承为滑动轴承。相较于双滚动轴承的形式而言,滑动轴承工作平稳、可靠、无噪声,在液体润滑条件下,滑动表面被润滑油分开而不发生直接接触,可以大大减小摩擦损失和表面磨损,且滑动轴承与转轴之间的间隙有润滑油填充,滑动表面的润滑油会形成一层油膜,实现流体润滑,油膜还具有一定的吸振能力,提高了第一轴承、第二轴承以及转轴的使用寿命。两个滑动轴承对转轴进行支撑,转轴的游隙较小,且能够将转轴轴心的位置度控制在合理范围内;相较于双滚动轴承与滑动轴承配合使用的形式而言,本实施例中仅使用了两个滑动轴承,不仅可以简化支撑结构,而且能够降低成本。
进一步地,第一轴承具有靠近转轴的第一轴承面,第二轴承具有靠近转轴的第二轴承面,第二轴承面的轴向高度小于等于第一轴承面的轴向高度,即不大于。当第一轴承与泵部的距离和第二轴承与泵部的距离相等时,第一轴承和第二轴承上所承载的来自泵部的负载相等。然而由于第一轴承相较于第二轴承更靠近电机部,在电机部中的转子旋转过程中,定子与转子之间产生径向力,也会对转轴产生负载,因此,第一轴承还需要承载来自于电机部的负载,通过令第二轴承面小于等于第一轴承面,使得第一轴承和第二轴承更加适应于转轴不同位置处不同负载的需求,且在保证转轴润滑可靠性的前提下,使得转轴功耗能够降到最低水平。
在上述任一技术方案中,进一步地,第二轴承的内侧壁的一部分背离转轴凹陷以形成第二润滑槽,第二润滑槽与第一压力腔连通。
在该技术方案中,第二润滑槽由第二轴承的内侧壁的一部分背离转轴凹陷形成,第二润滑槽与第一压力腔连通。由于存在压力差,第一压力腔内的油液通过第二润滑槽流入到第一轴承和转轴之间的间隙中,随着转轴的转动,第二润滑槽内的油液会涂覆于转轴的表面,这里第二润滑槽可以起到短暂存储润滑油的作用,从而可以使第二轴承的内壁和转轴之间形成流体润滑油膜,进一步确保转轴和轴承之间的润滑性能。
在上述任一技术方案中,进一步地,泵装置还包括:止推润滑槽,设置在第二轴承靠近泵部的端面上,止推润滑槽与第二轴承的轴孔相连通。
在该技术方案中,止推润滑槽设于第二轴承靠近泵部的端面上,且止推润滑槽与第二轴承的轴孔相连通。转轴在高速旋转时会对与第二轴承配合间隙内的润滑油进行剪切,润滑油在剪切力的作用下会通过第二轴承油槽进入止推润滑槽,形成一定的速度和压力。内齿轮端面与泵盖端面之间有相对运动,止推润滑槽内的润滑油可以形成油膜,于是在内齿轮端面与泵盖端面接触面之间构成了流体润滑的条件,润滑齿轮降低噪音,还能够对齿轮形成止推力,可大幅改善止推面即内齿轮与泵盖之间的滑动面的功耗及磨损。
具体地,止推润滑槽设置在第二轴承靠近泵部的端面上,止推润滑槽与第二轴承和第二轴承的轴孔连通。第二轴承和转轴的配合间隙内具有润滑油,转轴在高速旋转过程中,转轴会对其自身与第二轴承配合间隙内的润滑油进行剪切,润滑油在剪切力ω的作用下会从配合间隙内进入止推润滑槽内,此时进入止推润滑槽内的润滑油具有一定的速度和压力。第二轴承和泵部相接触的端面间隙较小,止推润滑槽内的润滑油可以向第二轴承和泵部的端面间隙流动。同时,由于泵部与第二轴承之间有相对运动,因而在泵部与第二轴承的接触端面之间构成流体润滑的条件,即在第二轴承和泵部的接触端面处形成油膜,使得第二轴承和泵部之间从边界润滑过渡至流体润滑,从而可以大幅度改善泵部与第二轴承的接触端面的磨损情况,降低功耗,此外还能降低泵装置的运行噪音。
进一步地,止推润滑槽在轴向上的槽口面积大于止推润滑槽的槽底面积。
在该实施例中,止推润滑槽包括两个槽口,两个槽口的朝向不同,一个槽口朝向泵部,另一个槽口朝向转轴。本设计中限定朝向泵部的槽口面积大于槽底面积。也就是说,在背离泵部的轴向方向上,即在自上而下的方向上,止推润滑槽呈缩口状。即止推润滑槽的槽壁呈倾斜状,此时,一方面由于进入止推润滑槽内的润滑油具有一定的速度和压力,另一方面由于第二轴承和泵部相接触的端面的间隙较小,止推润滑槽的槽壁呈倾斜状,那么在止推润滑槽和端面间隙之间呈收敛的楔形夹角,则止推润滑槽内的润滑油会沿倾斜的槽壁流向泵部和第二轴承的端面间隙内,即润滑油从“大口”进入“小口”,值得说明的是,“大口”是指止推润滑槽,“小口”是指第二轴承和泵部的间隙。从而可以增强泵部和第二轴承之间的润滑,使得二者之间的润滑状态由边界润滑过渡到流体润滑,从而有效降低二者之间的磨损率。
此外,在转轴和泵部高速转动过程中,泵部和第二轴承的接触面之间的油膜会产生推动泵部朝上运动的力F,使得位于第二轴承和泵部端面内的润滑油起到浮动密封的作用,从而可以进一步减小端面泄漏。据相关文献显示,泵装置的端面泄漏占泵装置总泄漏量的75%~80%,因此,改善泵装置中各个接触端面之间的泄漏至关重要。值得说明的是,润滑油具有一定的粘度。
进一步地,止推润滑槽包括止推壁,止推壁包括至少一个止推段,至少一个止推段包括第一止推段,在背离泵部的轴向方向上,第一止推段靠近止推润滑槽的中心延伸。
在该技术方案中,止推润滑槽包括止推壁,止推壁为倾斜壁。止推壁在背离泵部的轴向方向上,即自上而下的方向上,止推壁靠近止推润滑槽的中心延伸。止推壁包括至少一个止推段,至少一个止推段包括第一止推段,第一止推段在背离泵部的轴向方向上,靠近止推润滑槽的中心延伸。此时,止推润滑槽、泵部和第二轴承的端面之间形成的端面间隙,二者之间形成收敛的楔形夹角,则止推润滑槽内的润滑油会沿着倾斜的第一止推段流向泵部与第二轴承的端面间隙内,即润滑油从“大口”进入“小口”。值得说明的是,“大口”是指止推润滑槽,“小口”是指第二轴承和泵部的间隙。从而可以增强泵部和第二轴承之间的润滑,使得二者之间的润滑状态由边界润滑过渡到流体润滑,从而有 效降低二者之间的磨损率。
值得说明的是,第一止推段可以为至少一个平直段、至少一个曲段构成,第一止推段具有靠近泵部的第一端和远离泵部的第二端,第一止推段的第二端靠近止推润滑槽的中心延伸,也就是说,第一止推段的倾斜延伸趋势满足上述关系即可便于润滑油的流动。第一止推段可以由多段曲面构成,也可以由多段圆弧构成。
进一步地,第一止推段与第二轴承的轴向端面之间的夹角α大于0°,小于90°。
在该实施例中,第二轴承的轴向端面是指第二轴承上靠近泵部的轴向端面,第一止推段与该轴向端面之间的夹角满足,0°<α<90°,从而可以使得第一止推段更好地将润滑油引流至第二轴承和泵部之间的端面间隙内,确保润滑油可通过自身具有的速度和压力,并通过第一止推段的引导而进入端面间隙中,使止推润滑槽和端面间隙之间呈收敛的楔形夹角,则止推润滑槽内的润滑油会沿倾斜的槽壁流向泵部和第二轴承的端面间隙内,即润滑油从“大口”进入“小口”。从而可以增强泵部和第二轴承之间的润滑,使得二者之间的润滑状态由边界润滑过渡到流体润滑,从而有效降低二者之间的磨损率。进一步地,第一止推段与第二轴承的轴向端面之间的夹角α为45°。值得说明的是,采用成型刀加工可以在第二轴承靠近泵部的端面上加工出倾斜的第一止推段。具体地,止推润滑槽的纵切面(沿轴向)可以呈倒三角形、半圆形等。
进一步地,至少一个止推段还包括第二止推段,第二止推段轴向延伸并连接在第一止推段和止推润滑槽的槽底之间。
在该实施例中,至少一个止推段还包括第二止推段,第二止推段沿轴向延伸以连接在第一止推段和槽底,第二止推段与第一止推段共同配合以形成止推壁,从而确保止推润滑槽的体积满足润滑需求。值得说明的是,在加工过程中,在第二轴承朝向泵部的端面上加工直槽,然后再加工倒角,从而可以形成第一止推段和第二止推段,通过上述加工顺序,可以降低止推润滑槽的加工难度。
进一步地,止推壁的数量为至少两个。
在该实施例中,止推壁的数量为至少两个,至少两个止推壁中每一个止推壁包括至少一个止推段。至少一个止推段包括第一止推段。至少一个止推段还包括第二止推段。值得说明的是,至少两个止推壁的结构可以相等,也可以不相等,当止推壁的数量为三个时,则三个止推壁的结构可以部分相等,部分不相等。
进一步地,至少两个止推壁包括第一止推壁,第一止推壁的第一端与第二轴承的内侧壁相连,第一止推壁与第二轴承的内侧壁的连接点所在切面为第一基准面,第一止推壁与第一基准面之间的夹角β1大于等于0°,小于90°。
在该实施例中,第一止推壁的第一端即为第一止推壁的起始端,第一止推壁的第二端即为第一止推壁的终止端,第一端与第二轴承的内侧壁相连,第二轴承的内侧壁即为第二轴承的轴孔的侧壁。第一端与第二轴承的连接点所在切面为第一基准面,第一止推壁与第一基准面之间的夹角β1大于等于0°,小 于90°。转轴在高速旋转过程中,转轴会对其自身与第二轴承配合间隙内的润滑油进行剪切,润滑油在剪切力ω的作用下会从配合间隙内进入止推润滑槽内,此时进入止推润滑槽内的润滑油具有一定的速度和压力。由于第一止推壁偏向转轴旋转的方向,则止推润滑槽内的润滑油会发生轴剪切和面剪切,从而在止推润滑槽靠近轴孔的位置处形成负压,以便将转轴与第二轴承之间的润滑油吸入,而止推润滑槽远离轴孔的位置处压力较高,则可以更好地将止推润滑槽内的润滑油沿倾斜的止推壁流入第二轴承与泵部之间的端面间隙中,从而可以增强泵部和第二轴承之间的润滑,使得二者之间的润滑状态由边界润滑过渡到流体润滑,从而有效降低二者之间的磨损率。
进一步地,至少两个止推壁还包括第二止推壁,第二止推壁与第一止推壁相对设置,第二止推壁的第一端与第二轴承的内侧壁相连,第二止推壁与第二轴承的内侧壁的连接点所在切面为第二基准面,第二止推壁与第二基准面之间的夹角β2大于0°,小于90°。
在该实施例中,至少两个止推壁还包括第二止推壁,第二止推壁的第一端即为第二止推壁的起始端,第二止推壁的第二端即为第二止推壁的终止端,第二端与第二轴承的内侧壁相连,第二轴承的内侧壁即为第二轴承的轴孔的侧壁。第一端与第二轴承的连接点所在切面为第二基准面,第二止推壁与第二基准面之间的夹角β2大于等于0°,小于90°。转轴在高速旋转过程中,转轴会对其自身与第二轴承配合间隙内的润滑油进行剪切,润滑油在剪切力ω的作用下会从配合间隙内进入止推润滑槽内,此时进入止推润滑槽内的润滑油具有一定的速度和压力。由于第二止推壁偏向转轴旋转的方向,则止推润滑槽内的润滑油会发生轴剪切和面剪切,从而在止推润滑槽靠近轴孔的位置处形成负压,以便将转轴与第二轴承之间的润滑油吸入,而止推润滑槽远离轴孔的位置处压力较高,则可以更好地将止推润滑槽内的润滑油沿倾斜的止推壁流入第二轴承与泵部之间的端面间隙中。从而可以增强泵部和第二轴承之间的润滑,使得二者之间的润滑状态由边界润滑过渡到流体润滑,从而有效降低二者之间的磨损率。
进一步地,至少两个止推壁还包括第三止推壁,第三止推壁分别与第一止推壁的第二端和第二止推壁的第二端相连。
在该实施例中,至少两个止推壁还包括第三止推壁,第三止推壁分别与第一止推壁的第二端和第二止推壁的第二端相连。即止推润滑槽由第一止推壁、第二止推壁和第三止推壁共同构成,从而可以便于止推润滑槽的形状设计。
值得说明的是,第一止推壁、第二止推壁和第三止推壁在第二轴承的轴向端面上的投影可为平直段,也可以为曲面段。
进一步地,止推润滑槽的第三止推壁为弧形壁。
在该实施例中,第三止推壁为弧形壁,即第三止推壁在第二轴承的轴向端面上的投影为弧段。由于第三止推壁对应的位置为止推润滑槽的远离轴孔的位置,止推润滑槽内对应此位置的润滑油压力较高,通过令第三止推壁为弧形壁,从而可以便于止推润滑槽内润滑油的流动,即可以便于润滑油从“大口”进入 “小口”,增强泵部和第二轴承之间的润滑,使得二者之间的润滑状态由边界润滑过渡到流体润滑,从而有效降低二者之间的磨损率。
在上述任一技术方案中,进一步地,壳体包括机壳和泵盖,机壳围设在电机部和泵部的外侧,机壳与第一轴承相连。泵盖连接在机壳上,泵盖与机壳形成腔体,泵盖与第二轴承相连,泵盖的一部分背离泵部延伸以构造出延伸部,延伸部用于形成油池;第二轴承的轴孔为轴向贯穿的通孔,通孔的一端与止推润滑槽连通,通孔的另一端用于连通油池。
在该技术方案中,壳体包括机壳和连接在机壳上的泵盖,泵盖与机壳形成腔体,机壳围设在电机部和泵部的外侧。机壳与第一轴承相连,泵盖与第二轴承相连。第一轴承与机壳可以是一体成型,机壳与第一轴承一体成型,相较于后加工的方式而言,连接强度更高,还可以节省空间,降低整机高度,而且能够降低制备工艺的难度,降低制作成本。泵盖与第二轴承可以是一体成型,节省了更多的高度空间,不仅可以降低整机高度,还能够降低成本。
进一步地,延伸部由泵盖的一部分背离泵部延伸构造形成,因而,延伸部与泵盖是一体成型,相较于后加工的方式而言,连接强度大。延伸部用于形成油池,油池能够存储润滑油。第二轴承上的轴孔为轴向贯穿的通孔,通孔的两端分别与止推润滑槽以及油池连通。
具体地,转轴在高速旋转过程中,转轴会对其自身与第二轴承配合间隙内的润滑油进行剪切,润滑油在剪切力的作用下会从配合间隙(通孔)内进入止推润滑槽内,此时进入止推润滑槽内的润滑油具有一定的速度和压力。止推润滑槽内的润滑油会发生轴剪切和面剪切,从而在止推润滑槽靠近轴孔的位置处形成负压,以便将转轴与第二轴承之间的润滑油吸入,而止推润滑槽远离轴孔的位置处压力较高,则可以更好地将止推润滑槽内的润滑油推入第二轴承与泵部之间的端面间隙中。从而可以增强泵部和第二轴承之间的润滑,使得二者之间的润滑状态由边界润滑过渡到流体润滑,从而有效降低二者之间的磨损率。
进一步地,油液被抽入止推润滑槽内以润滑泵部与第二轴承之间的接触面,然后再进入第二轴承与泵部之间的间隙,之后在压力差和重力的作用下进入低压区油池。
具体地,第二轴承的润滑油路为:油液经油池进入第二轴承和转轴的间隙内(通孔、第二润滑槽)然后进入止推润滑槽中,在止推润滑槽的作用下,油液进入泵部与第二轴承的端面间隙中,在压力差和重力的作用下进入低压油池。通过对第二轴承形成完成的润滑油路,有利于确保第二轴承与转轴之间的润滑性能。
进一步地,泵盖与第二轴承一体成型,相较于后加工的方式而言,连接强度更高,还可以节省空间,降低整机高度,而且能够降低制备工艺的难度,降低制作成本。
在上述任一技术方案中,进一步地,壳体包括机壳和泵盖,机壳围设在电机部和泵部的外侧,机壳与第一轴承相连。泵盖连接在机壳上,泵盖与机壳形成腔体,泵盖与第二轴承相连;第二轴承的轴孔为一端开口的盲孔。连通槽开 设在第二轴承和/或泵盖上,连通槽连通第一压力腔和盲孔。
在该技术方案中,壳体包括机壳和连接在机壳上的泵盖,泵盖与机壳形成腔体,机壳围设在电机部和泵部的外侧。机壳与第一轴承相连,泵盖与第二轴承相连。第一轴承与机壳可以是一体成型,机壳与第一轴承一体成型,相较于后加工的方式而言,连接强度更高,还可以节省空间,降低整机高度,而且能够降低制备工艺的难度,降低制作成本。泵盖与第二轴承可以是一体成型,节省了更多的高度空间,不仅可以降低整机高度,还能够降低成本。
进一步地,第二轴承的轴孔为一端开口的盲孔,连通槽开设在第二轴承和/或泵盖上,连通槽用于连通第一压力腔和盲孔。具体地,第二轴承的润滑油路为:经过加压后的油液自第一压力腔(高压腔)经过-连通槽进入盲孔(第二轴承与转轴之间的间隙、第二润滑槽)中,然后在经过第二轴承与泵部之间的间隙回到低压区,这里的低压区具体是指进油口、第二压力腔。通过对第二轴承形成完成的润滑油路,有利于确保第二轴承与转轴之间的润滑性能。
在上述任一技术方案中,进一步地,泵部包括第一转动件和第二转动件,第一转动件与转轴相配合。第二转动件设置在第一转动件的外侧,第一转动件能够带动第二转动件转动,第二转动件与第一转动件构造出第一压力腔和第二压力腔。泵装置还包括进油口和出油口,进油口轴向开设在泵盖和/或第二轴承上,进油口与第二压力腔连通;出油口径向开设在泵盖和第二轴承上,出油口与泵部的第一压力腔连通。
在该技术方案中,泵部包括第一转动件和第二转动件,第一转动件与转轴相配合,第二转动件设置在第一转动件的外侧,第一转动件能够带动第二转动件转动,可以理解为,转轴可以通过第一转动件带动第二转动件运转。通过设置第一转动件和第二转动件构造形成第一压力腔和第二压力腔,且第一压力腔为高压腔,第二压力腔为低压腔。
值得说明的是,第一转动件为内齿轮,第二转动件为外齿轮,即泵部为齿轮泵。具体地,齿轮泵在啮合过程中,前一对齿尚未脱离啮合,后一对齿已经进入啮合,每个内齿面都与外齿面接触,形成密闭容腔,随着内齿轮的自转,密闭容腔体积会发生变化,如果不能连通卸荷通道,就会形成困油容积。由于液体的可压缩性很小,当困油容积由大变小时,存在于困油容积中的液体收到挤压,压力急剧升高,大大超过齿轮泵的工作压力。同时困油容积中的液体也从一切可泄漏的缝隙中强行挤出,使得转轴和轴承都会承受很大的冲击载荷,增加功率损失并使得油发热,引起噪音和振动,降低齿轮泵的工作平稳性和寿命。当困油容积由小变大时形成真空,使得溶于液体中的空气分离出来产生气泡,带来气蚀、噪音、振动、流量和压力脉动等危害。消除困油现象的方法,采用在齿轮的两端盖上开卸荷槽,使得封闭容积减小时卸荷槽与压油腔连通,封闭容积增大时通过卸荷槽与吸油腔连通。
具体地,内齿轮通过与外齿轮共轭曲线齿形轮廓的啮合,每一个齿都相互接触,同方向带动外齿轮转动。内齿轮将外齿轮内腔分隔为多个工作腔,由于 内外齿轮中心偏置,多个工作腔容积随着转子的转动发生变化,容积增大的区域形成一定真空,进油口就设置在该部位,容积减小的区域压力提高,出油口则对应设置在此处。
进一步地,泵装置还包括进油口和出油口,进油口轴向开设在泵盖和/或第二轴承上,且进油口与第二压力腔连通。由于第二压力腔为低压腔,与腔外存在压力差,因此油液会通过进油口进入到第二压力腔内。出油口径向开设在泵盖和第二轴承上,且出油口与第一压力腔连通。由于第一压力腔为高压腔,与腔外存在压力差,因此第一压力腔内的油液会通过出油口流出。即泵装置的主油路为:第二压力腔和进油口处能够产生的负压,在负压的作用下,油池内的油液被吸引至进油口,进而进入第二压力腔(低压腔),进入第二压力腔的油液在第一转动件和第二转动件的作用下进入高压腔加压,加压后的油液经出油口排出。
值得说明的是,关于进油口和出油口的设计原理:在保证齿轮转动过程中,进油口与第一转动件、第二转动件的齿间尽早接通,在内齿轮和外齿轮形成最大容积前,齿轮容积腔始终与进油口相通,而且要尽量延长充油时间,使得内外齿之间的容积腔内充满油,从而保证吸油量。出油口也要尽早与齿间高压油早接通,以减小齿间过压缩功,尽量晚闭合以充分利用流体的惯性排尽齿间油,从而提高内啮合齿轮式油泵的容积效率。但必须注意的是,内外齿轮形成最大容积时,不能与进油口连通,避免影响泵装置低速时的容积效率。
在上述任一技术方案中,进一步地,电机部还包括转子和定子,转子与转轴相连;定子套设在转子外侧,定子包括定子铁芯和定子绕组,定子绕组设置在定子铁芯上。泵装置还包括控制部,控制部设置在电机部背离泵部的一侧,控制部连接在壳体上并位于腔体中,定子绕组的端部与控制部电连接。
在该技术方案中,电机部还包括转子和定子。其中,转子和转轴相连,可以地,转子和转轴可以同轴设置,且转子与转轴的配合方式可以为过盈配合,还可以地,转子和转轴不同轴设置但是两者传动连接,根据实际情况进行灵活设置。定子套设在转子外侧,定子包括定子铁芯和定子绕组,定子绕组设置在定子铁芯上。
此外,泵装置还包括控制部,控制部设置在电机部背离泵部的一侧,即控制部设置在电机部远离泵部的位置,由于工作过程中靠近泵部的位置振动较为明显,且受到的负载较大,因此控制部远离泵部,可以在一定程度上对控制部起到保护的作用,提高控制部的使用寿命。
进一步地,控制部连接在壳体上并位于腔体中,定子绕组的端部与控制部电连接。
具体地,在泵装置工作过程中,控制部控制定子中定子绕组的电流按照一定的规律变化,从而控制定子产生变化的激励磁场,转子在激励磁场的作用下转动,从而通过转轴带动泵部中的第一转动件转动,进而使得第二转动件运动。当泵部中的第一转动件和第二转动件转动时,由于第二转动件偏心运动,则第 一转动件和第二转动件之间形成的压缩腔的容积发生变化,从而使得进入压缩腔内的工作介质被压出至出油口而产生流动的动力。
本申请第二方面的实施例提供了一种车辆,包括:上述任一实施例中的泵装置。
根据本申请的车辆的实施例,包括泵装置,进一步地,车辆可以为特种车辆,且车辆具有泵装置的所有优点。
值得说明的是,车辆可以为传统的燃油车,也可以为新能源汽车。其中,新能源汽车包括纯电动汽车、增程式电动汽车、混合动力汽车、燃料电池电动汽车、氢发动机汽车等。
在上述技术方案中,车辆包括:车体,泵装置设置在车体中;发动机,发动机设置在车体中,发动机包括安装座,安装座与泵装置的延伸部相连。
在该技术方案中,车辆包括车体和发动机。泵装置和发动机均设置在车体中,发动机包括安装座,安装座与泵装置的延伸部相连,从而通过安装座与延伸部的配合可以将发动机和泵装置实现连接。
其中,由于车辆包括上述第一方面中的任一泵装置,故而具有上述任一实施例的有益效果,在此不再赘述。
本申请的实施例的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述部分中变得明显,或通过本申请的实践了解到。
图1示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的泵装置的结构示意图;
图2示出了图1所示的根据本申请的一个实施例的泵装置在A处的局部放大图;
图3示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的泵装置的部分结构示意图;
图4示出了根据本申请的另一个实施例的泵装置的结构示意图;
图5示出了根据本申请的一个实施例中泵装置的泵盖和第二轴承的结构示意图;
图6示出了根据本申请的一个实施例中车辆的结构示意图。
其中,图1至图6中附图标记与部件名称之间的对应关系为:
100泵装置,
110壳体,111腔体,112机壳,113泵盖,114延伸部,115油池,
120电机部,121转轴,122转子,123定子,
130泵部,131第一压力腔,132第二压力腔,133第一转动件,134第二转动件,
140第一轴承,141第一油槽,142节流槽,143第一润滑槽,144泄压槽,
150密封件,151过液腔,
160缓冲腔,161第一壁面,162第二壁面,
170第二轴承,171第二润滑槽,172止推润滑槽,
181进油口,182出油口,
190控制部,
200车辆,
210车体,
220发动机,221安装座。
为了能够更清楚地理解本申请的实施例的上述目的、特征和优点,下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本申请的实施例进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本申请,但是,本申请的实施例还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施,因此,本申请的保护范围并不限于下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
下面参照图1至图6描述根据本申请一些实施例提供的泵装置100和车辆200。
实施例一
本申请第一方面的实施例提供了一种泵装置100,如图1、图2和图3所示,包括壳体110、电机部120、泵部130、第一轴承140、第一油槽141和节流槽142。其中,壳体110具有腔体111。电机部120包括绕电机部120的中心轴线转动的转轴121。泵部130设置在电机部120的轴向一侧并与转轴121相接触,泵部130能够被转轴121带动而转动。泵部130包括第一压力腔131和第二压力腔132,第一压力腔131承受的压力大于第二压力腔132承受的压力。第一轴承140与壳体110相连并套设在转轴121上,第一轴承140位于电机部120和泵部130之间。第一油槽141设置在第一轴承140朝向泵部130的第一端面上,第一油槽141与第一压力腔131连通。节流槽142设置在第一端面上,节流槽142连通第一油槽141和第一轴承140与转轴121之间的间隙。
根据本申请提供的泵装置100的实施例,泵装置100包括壳体110、电机部120、泵部130、第一轴承140、第一油槽141以及节流槽142。其中,壳体110具有腔体111,电机部120和泵部130设于腔体111内,从而通过壳体110确保电机部120、泵部130不受外界环境影响,能够正常运行。电机部120包括绕电机部120的中心轴线转动的转轴121,泵部130设于电机部120的轴向一侧,且泵部130与转轴121相接触,具体地,泵部130与转轴121过盈配合,泵部130能够被转轴121带动而转动,可以理解为,电机部120通过转轴121驱动泵部130运转。泵部130包括第一压力腔131和第二压力腔132,第一压力腔131承受的压力大于第二压力 腔132承受的压力,进一步地,第一压力腔131可以为高压腔,第二压力腔132可以为低压腔。
此外,第一轴承140与壳体110相连,第一轴承140位于电机部120与泵部130之间,第一轴承140套设在转轴121上,第一轴承140在一定程度上可以对转轴121起到支撑的作用。值得说明的是,第一轴承140能够对转轴121提供润滑支撑,由于第一轴承140和转轴121的轴心重合,在实际工作过程中,转轴121驱动泵部130转动,因而泵部130会对转轴121施加径向方向上的力,转轴121在受到径向力的同时会推动第一轴承140朝向一边偏,此时,转轴121与第一轴承140接触,第一轴承140将会对转轴121提供支撑作用,从而可以将转轴121的游隙控制在合理的范围内,从而便于转轴121轴心的控制。
值得说明的是,第一轴承140为滑动轴承,滑动轴承是指在滑动摩擦下工作的轴承。相较于滚动轴承的形式而言,滑动轴承工作平稳、可靠、无噪声,在液体润滑条件下,滑动表面被润滑油分开而不发生直接接触,可以大大减小摩擦损失和表面磨损,且滑动轴承与转轴121之间的间隙有润滑油填充,滑动表面的润滑油会形成一层油膜,实现流体润滑,油膜还具有一定的吸振能力,提高了第一轴承140以及转轴121的使用寿命。
进一步地,如图3所示,第一油槽141设于第一轴承140朝向泵部130的第一端面上,第一油槽141与第一压力腔131连通,由于第一压力腔131内的压力较大,一部分油液会由第一压力腔131流至第一油槽141内,之后再流入到转轴121与第一轴承140的间隙中,保证第一轴承140与转轴121之间的润滑性能。
进一步地,如图3所示,节流槽142设于第一端面上,即节流槽142设于第一轴承140朝向泵部130的第一端面上,节流槽142用于连通第一油槽141和第一轴承140与转轴121之间的间隙。也就是说,第一压力腔131内的油液先流至第一油槽141,再通过节流槽142流至第一轴承140与转轴121之间的间隙,节流槽142可以有效的避免过多的油液流入第一轴承140与转轴121的间隙,进而影响到泵装置100的排量。
因而,为了确保第一轴承140与转轴121之间的流体润滑性能,也就是为了向第一轴承140与转轴121之间的间隙提供充足的润滑油,同时又要确保泵部130的排量不会严重泄漏,即泵部130的排量不会被用于润滑的油液而显著影响,通过第一油槽141和节流槽142的配合使用,既可以实现第一轴承140和转轴121之间的润滑要求,又不至于第一轴承140内流量过大从而降低泵装置100的排量。
具体地,第一油槽141可以平衡泵部130的高压侧中的各个容腔之间的压力,使得高压侧各容腔压力相近,从而可以减小运行过程中的噪音和机械振动。
进一步地,如图3所示,节流槽142的通流截面积小于第一油槽141的通流截面积,从而通过节流槽142可以控制第一轴承140与转轴121之 间的间隙内的润滑油的流量。
进一步地,如图1至图3所示,第一轴承140的内侧壁的一部分背离转轴121凹陷以形成第一润滑槽143,第一润滑槽143与节流槽142连通。
在该实施例中,第一润滑槽143由第一轴承140的内侧壁的一部分背离转轴121凹陷形成,第一润滑槽143与节流槽142连通。由于存在压力差,第一压力腔131内的油液依次通过第一油槽141、节流槽142再流入到第一轴承140和转轴121之间的间隙中,同时也能够填充在第一润滑槽143内,随着转轴121的转动,第一润滑槽143内的油液会涂覆于转轴121的表面,这里第一润滑槽143起到短暂存储润滑油的作用,从而可以使第一轴承140的内壁和转轴121之间形成流体润滑油膜,进一步确保转轴121和轴承之间的可靠润滑性。进一步地,第一润滑槽143沿轴向贯穿设置在第一轴承140上,第一润滑槽143与第一轴承140的轴孔连通,第一润滑槽143的一端与节流槽142连通,第一润滑槽143的另一端朝向电机腔的方向延伸。进一步地,第一润滑槽143的数量为至少一个,根据实际润滑需求灵活设置即可。
进一步地,节流槽142的通流截面积S1与第一润滑槽143的通流截面积S2的比值大于等于0.1,小于等于0.4。
在该实施例中,0.1≤(S1/S2)≤0.4,对于节流槽142的通流截面积进行控制,节流槽142的通流截面积不会过大,从而可以确保泵部130中高压侧的油液不会泄漏过多而影响泵部130的正常压缩,即油液不会过多地通过节流槽142流入第一润滑槽143中,不会对泵部130的排量造成显著的影响。通过对第一润滑槽143的通流截面积进行限定,使第一润滑槽143的通流截面积不至于过小,从而可以确保足够流量的润滑油可以在第一轴承140和转轴121之间形成油膜,满足流体润滑的需求。
进一步地,第一润滑槽143的通流截面积S2与第一轴承140的轴孔横截面积S0的比值大于等于0.02,小于等于0.08。
在该实施例中,0.02≤(S2/S0)≤0.08,对第一润滑槽143的通流截面积进行限定,第一润滑槽143的通流截面积不至于过小,可以确保润滑油有足够的流量以在第一轴承140和转轴121之间形成油膜,满足流体润滑需求。第一润滑槽143的通流截面积不至于过大,导致第一轴承140与转轴121之间形成的油膜过厚,增大转轴121的功耗。
进一步地,对第一轴承140的轴孔的横截面积进行限定,使其处在合适的范围内,不会因为过小影响油液进入到转轴121与第一轴承140之间的间隙,同样地,也不会因为第一轴承140的轴孔的横截面积过大,影响到第一轴承140本身的强度。具体地,第一轴承140的轴径大于等于6mm,小于等于12mm。根据第一轴承140的轴径与第一轴承140变形量的关系图、第一轴承140的轴径与功耗的关系图可知,对比可知,在轴径小于6mm时,轴承变形量较大,不利于轴承对转轴121支撑;当轴径大于12mm时,轴承功耗剧增,因此,令第一轴承140的轴径满足上述范围,则既满足轴承功耗的要求,又可以避免轴承变形过大。
进一步地,如图1、图2和图4所示,泵装置100还包括密封件150,连接在第一轴承140背离泵部130的一侧,密封件150套设在转轴121上,密封件150、第一轴承140和转轴121形成过液腔151,过液腔151与第一润滑槽143连通。
在该实施例中,第一轴承140连接在壳体110上,第一轴承140可以将壳体110围成的腔体111分隔为电机腔和泵腔,从而可以使空间布置更加合理。电机部120位于电机腔内,泵部130位于泵腔中。其中,密封件150连接在第一轴承140背离泵部130的一侧且密封件150套设在转轴121上。具体地,密封件150可以将电机腔与泵腔隔绝,使得工作介质不会流入电机腔内,不会影响电机腔中的定子123、转子122、控制部190等部件的正常使用,电机腔内不需要额外设置其他结构以保证电机腔内的零部件受到腐蚀,使得泵装置100的密封性能更好,同时结构更加简单,有利于降低成本。
值得说明的是,如图1、图2和图4所示,第一轴承140的一部分背离泵部130延伸以构造出安装位,由于安装位与第一轴承140是一体式结构的,相较于后加工的方式,因为一体式结构的力学性能较好,从而能够提高连接强度。另外,可将第一轴承140批量生产,以提高产品的加工效率,降低产品的加工成本,提高了泵装置100的整体性,减少零部件数量,减少安装工序,提高安装效率。此外,通过第一轴承140的一部分形成用于安装密封件150的安装位,可以确保密封件150的安装准确性,装配简单、密封性能好,成本低廉。
进一步地,如图2所示,密封件150、第一轴承140和转轴121形成过液腔151,且过液腔151与第一润滑槽143连通。密封件150、第一轴承140和转轴121所形成的过液腔151能够存储一部分润滑油,过液腔151用于存储来自于第一润滑槽143的润滑油,通过控制密封件150与第一轴承140的连接强度,即密封件150自身所能承受的压力,过液腔151能够起到缓冲作用,使得过液腔151、第一润滑槽143、节流槽142中的油液能够处于压力均衡状态,在确保密封件150位置稳定性的前提下,有利于确保转轴121与第一轴承140的流体润滑性能。
进一步地,如图1、图2、图3和图4所示,泵装置100还包括泄压槽144,泄压槽144设置在第一轴承140上,泄压槽144连通过液腔151和第二压力腔132。
在该实施例中,泄压槽144设于第一轴承140上,且泄压槽144用于连通过液腔151和第二压力腔132。这里的泄压槽144可以采用贯通孔的形式,从而使得贯通孔的两端能够连通第二压力腔132和过液腔151,由于第二压力腔132内的压强较小,因此可以使过液腔151内的压力得到更好地释放,不仅仅依靠过液腔151自身来缓冲油液的压力。
进一步地,通过在第一轴承140上设置泄压槽144,从而可以形成完整的第一轴承140的润滑油路,即第一压力腔131(高压腔)内的油液进入第一油槽141,然后经过节流槽142流入第一轴承140和转轴121的间隙以及第一润滑槽143内,对转轴121和第一轴承140进行充分润滑,形成油膜以满足流体 润滑的需求,之后润滑油会流入过液腔151,进一步从泄压槽144流入第二压力腔132(低压腔)中,从而可以确保整个润滑油路中的压力不会过高,即过液腔151内的压力不会过高,避免压力高于密封件150所能承受的压力极限值,确保密封件150的位置的可靠性,有效地避免高压下密封件150从第一轴承140上脱离,导致润滑油泄漏,无法确保电机腔和泵腔之间的密封性能。
进一步地,泄压槽144的通流截面积S3与第一润滑槽143的通流截面积S2的比值大于等于1,小于等于4。
在该实施例中,1≤(S3/S2)≤4。对第一润滑槽143的通流截面积进行限定,使第一润滑槽143的通流截面积不会过小,确保润滑油有足够的流量以在第一轴承140和转轴121之间形成油膜,满足流体润滑需求;同时第一润滑槽143的通流截面积也不会过大,导致第一轴承140与转轴121之间形成的油膜过厚,增加转轴121的功耗。
此外,通过对泄压槽144的通流面积进行限定,从而确保油封腔的压力不会过高,确保油封的密封效果,避免由于过液腔151内压力过高而使得油封从第一轴承140上脱离。本申请在考虑到节流槽142的通流截面积、第一润滑槽143的通流截面积以及泄压槽144的通流截面积,使得三者满足上述关系式,从而能够保证第一润滑槽143内有充足的油液流量来确保第一轴承140和转轴121的润滑,同时,又能保证过液腔151内的压力足够低,而不会影响到密封件150与第一轴承140之间的密封连接,有效减少油液泄漏。
根据仿真数据确定第一轴承140的润滑油路中的润滑油的流量应不低于3ml/s,第一轴承140的轴径为8mm,通过仿真校核轴承的强度后确定第一润滑槽143的通流截面积S2=1.57mm
2是最优选择。接着设计不同的节流槽142的通流截面积S1以及泄压槽144的通流截面积S3的结构得到如下表1所示的仿真数据:
表1
序号 | S1/mm 2 | S2/mm 2 | S3/mm 2 | 第一润滑槽143内油液流量(ml/s) | 过液腔151内压力(kPa) |
1 | 2 | 1.57 | 3.14 | 14.4 | 214 |
2 | 1.1 | 1.57 | 3.14 | 9.3 | 122 |
3 | 0.4 | 1.57 | 3.14 | 7.3 | 112 |
4 | 0.01 | 1.57 | 3.14 | 1.8 | 91.3 |
5 | 0.4 | 1.57 | 1.57 | 5.9 | 159 |
6 | 0.4 | 1.57 | 6.28 | 9.1 | 108 |
根据表1中仿真数据可以确定,序号3中的方案为最优方案,即节流槽142的通流截面积S1为0.4mm
2,第一润滑槽143的通流截面积S2为1.57mm
2,泄压槽144的通流截面积S3为3.14mm
2,此时,第一润滑槽143内的油液流量为7.3ml/s,满足润滑需求而不至于第一轴承140内油液流量过大从而降低泵装置100的排量,同时,过液腔151内的压力为112kPa,压力不会过高,从而可以避免油液的严重泄漏。
实施例二
在实施例一的基础上,本实施例对第一轴承140的具体结构做出解释说明,如图2所示,泵装置100还包括缓冲腔160,缓冲腔160设置在第一轴承 140背离泵部130的端面上。
在该实施例中,缓冲腔160设于第一轴承140背离泵部130的端面上,具体地,缓冲腔160可以呈锥形,即缓冲腔160可以为锥形腔,从而缓冲腔160能够降低第一轴承140的刚性,为转轴121提供柔性支撑,降低第一轴承140背离泵部130的轴向端面上的面压,有效改善第一轴承140和转轴121的磨损情况。
进一步地,缓冲腔160的开口面积大于缓冲腔160的底壁面积。缓冲腔160包括第一壁面161,第一壁面161为靠近转轴121的壁面,自缓冲腔160的开口端至缓冲腔160的底壁,第一壁面161与转轴121之间的间距增大,可以理解为,第一壁面161倾斜设置且第一壁面161位于缓冲腔160开口端的位置更加靠近转轴121,第一壁面161与转轴121的间距在开口处较小,第一壁面161与转轴121的间距在位于腔底的位置处较大,这也就使得第一壁面161与槽体的槽底之间并未形成直角结构。由于,第一轴承140通常采用铝合金材料制成,因此,当转轴121与第一轴承140的端部相接触时,会使得第一轴承140发生形变,如果第一壁面161与锥形腔的底壁连接处呈直角结构,在第一壁面161与槽体的槽底的连接处会出现应力集中的情况,第一轴承140受到转轴121的压力时,第一轴承140容易在第一壁面161与缓冲腔160的底壁的连接结构处发生断裂。而当第一壁面161相对于转轴121的轴向倾斜设置,使得第一壁面161与缓冲腔160的底壁之间不是直角结构,从而可以有效降低第一轴承140的损坏率。
进一步地,缓冲腔160包括第二壁面162,第二壁面162与第一壁面161相对设置,自缓冲腔160的开口端至缓冲腔160的底壁,第二壁面162与转轴121之间的间距减小。
在该实施例中,第二壁面162相对于转轴121的轴向倾斜设置,第二壁面162与第一壁面161相对设置,自缓冲腔160的开口端至缓冲腔160的底壁,第二壁面162与转轴121之间的间距减小,从而第二壁面162与第一壁面161可以是关于缓冲腔160的中心线轴对称设置,即缓冲腔160可以呈规则的锥形,进而能够更好的为转轴121提供柔性支撑。能够理解的是,在背离电机部120的轴向方向上,第一壁面161与转轴121的间距增大,第二壁面162与转轴121的间隙减小,缓冲腔160被构造为倒锥状,在对缓冲腔160进行加工过程中,倒锥状的缓冲腔160有利于拔模。
进一步地,缓冲腔160被构造为环形结构,也就是说,在第一轴承140的周向上均设置有缓冲腔160,在转轴121转动时,第一轴承140受到的径向力可能随时会发生变化,即第一轴承140会受到多个方向变化的径向力,而无论第一轴承140受到的径向力朝向哪个方向,环形缓冲腔160的存在使得第一轴承140能够发生一定形变,从而使得转轴121和第一轴承140柔性连接,第一轴承140对转轴121的径向力起到缓冲作用,避免转轴121与第一轴承140刚性连接而造成第一轴承140容易损坏的问题。
实施例三
在前述实施例的基础上,本实施例对泵装置100中转轴121的支撑结构做出解释说明,进一步地,如图1、图4和图5所示,泵装置100还包括第二轴承170,第二轴承170与壳体110相连并套设在转轴121上,第二轴承170位于泵部130背离第一轴承140的一侧。
在该实施例中,第二轴承170与壳体110相连,且第二轴承170套设在转轴121上,第二轴承170位于泵部130背离第一轴承140的一侧,即第一轴承140和第二轴承170分置在泵部130轴向的两侧,且第一轴承140相较于第二轴承170更加靠近电机部120。第一轴承140和第二轴承170可以对转轴121起到支撑的作用,通过转轴121、第一轴承140和第二轴承170的配合使用,从而可以使泵部130的负载均衡地被转轴121、第一轴承140和第二轴承170三部分分担,避免负载集中于转轴121而可能造成的转轴121损坏。
具体地,第一轴承140和第二轴承170为滑动轴承。相较于双滚动轴承的形式而言,滑动轴承工作平稳、可靠、无噪声,在液体润滑条件下,滑动表面被润滑油分开而不发生直接接触,可以大大减小摩擦损失和表面磨损,且滑动轴承与转轴121之间的间隙有润滑油填充,滑动表面的润滑油会形成一层油膜,实现流体润滑,油膜还具有一定的吸振能力,提高了第一轴承140、第二轴承170以及转轴121的使用寿命。两个滑动轴承对转轴121进行支撑,转轴121的游隙较小,且能够将转轴121轴心的位置度控制在合理范围内;相较于双滚动轴承与滑动轴承配合使用的形式而言,本实施例中仅使用了两个滑动轴承,不仅可以简化支撑结构,而且能够降低成本。
进一步地,第一轴承140具有靠近转轴121的第一轴承面,第二轴承170具有靠近转轴121的第二轴承面,第二轴承面的轴向高度小于等于第一轴承面的轴向高度,即不大于。当第一轴承140与泵部130的距离和第二轴承170与泵部130的距离相等时,第一轴承140和第二轴承170上所承载的来自泵部130的负载相等。然而由于第一轴承140相较于第二轴承170更靠近电机部120,在电机部120中的转子122旋转过程中,定子123与转子122之间产生径向力,也会对转轴121产生负载,因此,第一轴承140还需要承载来自于电机部120的负载,通过令第二轴承面小于等于第一轴承面,使得第一轴承140和第二轴承170更加适应于转轴121不同位置处不同负载的需求,且在保证转轴121润滑可靠性的前提下,使得转轴121功耗能够降到最低水平。
进一步地,如图5所示,第二轴承170的内侧壁的一部分背离转轴121凹陷以形成第二润滑槽171,第二润滑槽171与第一压力腔131连通。
在该实施例中,第二润滑槽171由第二轴承170的内侧壁的一部分背离转轴121凹陷形成,第二润滑槽171与第一压力腔131连通。由于存在压力差,第一压力腔131内的油液通过第二润滑槽171流入到第一轴承140和转轴121之间的间隙中,随着转轴121的转动,第二润滑槽171内的油液会涂覆于转轴121的表面,这里第二润滑槽171可以起到短暂存储润滑油的作用,从而可以 使第二轴承170的内壁和转轴121之间形成流体润滑油膜,进一步确保转轴121和轴承之间的润滑性能。
实施例四
在前述实施例的基础上,本实施例对第二轴承170的具体结构做出解释说明,进一步地,如图5所示,泵装置100还包括止推润滑槽172,设置在第二轴承170靠近泵部130的端面上,止推润滑槽172与第二轴承170的轴孔相连通。
在该实施例中,止推润滑槽172设于第二轴承170靠近泵部130的端面上,且止推润滑槽172与第二轴承170的轴孔相连通。转轴121在高速旋转时会对与第二轴承170配合间隙内的润滑油进行剪切,润滑油在剪切力的作用下会通过第二轴承170油槽进入止推润滑槽172,形成一定的速度和压力。内齿轮端面与泵盖113端面之间有相对运动,止推润滑槽172内的润滑油可以形成油膜,于是在内齿轮端面与泵盖113端面接触面之间构成了流体润滑的条件,润滑齿轮降低噪音,还能够对齿轮形成止推力,可大幅改善止推面即内齿轮与泵盖113之间的滑动面的功耗及磨损。
具体地,止推润滑槽172设置在第二轴承170靠近泵部130的端面上,止推润滑槽172与第二轴承170和第二轴承170的轴孔连通。第二轴承170和转轴121的配合间隙内具有润滑油,转轴121在高速旋转过程中,转轴121会对其自身与第二轴承170配合间隙内的润滑油进行剪切,润滑油在剪切力ω的作用下会从配合间隙内进入止推润滑槽172内,此时进入止推润滑槽172内的润滑油具有一定的速度和压力。第二轴承170和泵部130相接触的端面间隙较小,止推润滑槽172内的润滑油可以向第二轴承170和泵部130的端面间隙流动。同时,由于泵部130与第二轴承170之间有相对运动,因而在泵部130与第二轴承170的接触端面之间构成流体润滑的条件,即在第二轴承170和泵部130的接触端面处形成油膜,使得第二轴承170和泵部130之间从边界润滑过渡至流体润滑,从而可以大幅度改善泵部130与第二轴承170的接触端面的磨损情况,降低功耗,此外还能降低泵装置100的运行噪音。
进一步地,止推润滑槽172在轴向上的槽口面积大于止推润滑槽172的槽底面积。
在该实施例中,止推润滑槽172包括两个槽口,两个槽口的朝向不同,一个槽口朝向泵部130,另一个槽口朝向转轴121。本设计中限定朝向泵部130的槽口面积大于槽底面积。也就是说,在背离泵部130的轴向方向上,即在自上而下的方向上,止推润滑槽172呈缩口状。即止推润滑槽172的槽壁呈倾斜状,此时,一方面由于进入止推润滑槽172内的润滑油具有一定的速度和压力,另一方面由于第二轴承170和泵部130相接触的端面的间隙较小,止推润滑槽172的槽壁呈倾斜状,那么在止推润滑槽172和端面间隙之间呈收敛的楔形夹角,则止推润滑槽172内的润滑油会沿倾斜的槽壁流向泵部130和第二轴承170的端面间隙内,即润滑油从“大口”进入“小口”,值得说明的是,“大口”是指止推润滑槽172,“小口”是指第二轴承170和泵部130的间隙。从而可 以增强泵部130和第二轴承170之间的润滑,使得二者之间的润滑状态由边界润滑过渡到流体润滑,从而有效降低二者之间的磨损率。
此外,在转轴121和泵部130高速转动过程中,泵部130和第二轴承170的接触面之间的油膜会产生推动泵部130朝上运动的力,使得位于第二轴承170和泵部130端面内的润滑油起到浮动密封的作用,从而可以进一步减小端面泄漏。据相关文献显示,泵装置100的端面泄漏占泵装置100总泄漏量的75%~80%,因此,改善泵装置100中各个接触端面之间的泄漏至关重要。值得说明的是,润滑油具有一定的粘度。
进一步地,止推润滑槽172包括止推壁,止推壁包括至少一个止推段,至少一个止推段包括第一止推段,在背离泵部130的轴向方向上,第一止推段靠近止推润滑槽172的中心延伸。
在该实施例中,止推润滑槽172包括止推壁,止推壁为倾斜壁。止推壁在背离泵部130的轴向方向上,即自上而下的方向上,止推壁靠近止推润滑槽172的中心延伸。止推壁包括至少一个止推段,至少一个止推段包括第一止推段,第一止推段在背离泵部130的轴向方向上,靠近止推润滑槽172的中心延伸。此时,止推润滑槽172、泵部130和第二轴承170的端面之间形成的端面间隙,二者之间形成收敛的楔形夹角,则止推润滑槽172内的润滑油会沿着倾斜的第一止推段流向泵部130与第二轴承170的端面间隙内,即润滑油从“大口”进入“小口”。值得说明的是,“大口”是指止推润滑槽172,“小口”是指第二轴承170和泵部130的间隙。从而可以增强泵部130和第二轴承170之间的润滑,使得二者之间的润滑状态由边界润滑过渡到流体润滑,从而有效降低二者之间的磨损率。
值得说明的是,第一止推段可以为至少一个平直段、至少一个曲段构成,第一止推段具有靠近泵部130的第一端和远离泵部130的第二端,第一止推段的第二端靠近止推润滑槽172的中心延伸,也就是说,第一止推段的倾斜延伸趋势满足上述关系即可便于润滑油的流动。第一止推段可以由多段曲面构成,也可以由多段圆弧构成。
进一步地,第一止推段与第二轴承170的轴向端面之间的夹角α大于0°,小于90°。
在该实施例中,第二轴承170的轴向端面是指第二轴承170上靠近泵部130的轴向端面,第一止推段与该轴向端面之间的夹角满足,0°<α<90°,从而可以使得第一止推段更好地将润滑油引流至第二轴承170和泵部130之间的端面间隙内,确保润滑油可通过自身具有的速度和压力,并通过第一止推段的引导而进入端面间隙中,使止推润滑槽172和端面间隙之间呈收敛的楔形夹角,则止推润滑槽172内的润滑油会沿倾斜的槽壁流向泵部130和第二轴承170的端面间隙内,即润滑油从“大口”进入“小口”。从而可以增强泵部130和第二轴承170之间的润滑,使得二者之间的润滑状态由边界润滑过渡到流体润滑,从而有效降低二者之间的磨损率。进一步地,第一止推段与第二轴承170的轴向端面之间的夹角α为45°。值得说明的是,采用成型刀加工可以在 第二轴承170靠近泵部130的端面上加工出倾斜的第一止推段。具体地,止推润滑槽172的纵切面(沿轴向)可以呈倒三角形、半圆形等。
进一步地,至少一个止推段还包括第二止推段,第二止推段轴向延伸并连接在第一止推段和止推润滑槽172的槽底之间。
在该实施例中,至少一个止推段还包括第二止推段,第二止推段沿轴向延伸以连接在第一止推段和槽底,第二止推段与第一止推段共同配合以形成止推壁,从而确保止推润滑槽172的体积满足润滑需求。值得说明的是,在加工过程中,在第二轴承170朝向泵部130的端面上加工直槽,然后再加工倒角,从而可以形成第一止推段和第二止推段,通过上述加工顺序,可以降低止推润滑槽172的加工难度。
进一步地,止推壁的数量为至少两个。
在该实施例中,止推壁的数量为至少两个,至少两个止推壁中每一个止推壁包括至少一个止推段。至少一个止推段包括第一止推段。至少一个止推段还包括第二止推段。值得说明的是,至少两个止推壁的结构可以相等,也可以不相等,当止推壁的数量为三个时,则三个止推壁的结构可以部分相等,部分不相等。
进一步地,至少两个止推壁包括第一止推壁,第一止推壁的第一端与第二轴承170的内侧壁相连,第一止推壁与第二轴承170的内侧壁的连接点所在切面为第一基准面,第一止推壁与第一基准面之间的夹角β1大于等于0°,小于90°。
在该实施例中,第一止推壁的第一端即为第一止推壁的起始端,第一止推壁的第二端即为第一止推壁的终止端,第一端与第二轴承170的内侧壁相连,第二轴承170的内侧壁即为第二轴承170的轴孔的侧壁。第一端与第二轴承170的连接点所在切面为第一基准面,第一止推壁与第一基准面之间的夹角β1大于等于0°,小于90°。转轴121在高速旋转过程中,转轴121会对其自身与第二轴承170配合间隙内的润滑油进行剪切,润滑油在剪切力ω的作用下会从配合间隙内进入止推润滑槽172内,此时进入止推润滑槽172内的润滑油具有一定的速度和压力。由于第一止推壁偏向转轴121旋转的方向,则止推润滑槽172内的润滑油会发生轴剪切和面剪切,从而在止推润滑槽172靠近轴孔的位置处形成负压,以便将转轴121与第二轴承170之间的润滑油吸入,而止推润滑槽172远离轴孔的位置处压力较高,则可以更好地将止推润滑槽172内的润滑油沿倾斜的止推壁流入第二轴承170与泵部130之间的端面间隙中,从而可以增强泵部130和第二轴承170之间的润滑,使得二者之间的润滑状态由边界润滑过渡到流体润滑,从而有效降低二者之间的磨损率。
进一步地,至少两个止推壁还包括第二止推壁,第二止推壁与第一止推壁相对设置,第二止推壁的第一端与第二轴承170的内侧壁相连,第二止推壁与第二轴承170的内侧壁的连接点所在切面为第二基准面,第二止推壁与第二基准面之间的夹角β2大于0°,小于90°。
在该实施例中,至少两个止推壁还包括第二止推壁,第二止推壁的第一端 即为第二止推壁的起始端,第二止推壁的第二端即为第二止推壁的终止端,第二端与第二轴承170的内侧壁相连,第二轴承170的内侧壁即为第二轴承170的轴孔的侧壁。第一端与第二轴承170的连接点所在切面为第二基准面,第二止推壁与第二基准面之间的夹角β2大于等于0°,小于90°。转轴121在高速旋转过程中,转轴121会对其自身与第二轴承170配合间隙内的润滑油进行剪切,润滑油在剪切力ω的作用下会从配合间隙内进入止推润滑槽172内,此时进入止推润滑槽172内的润滑油具有一定的速度和压力。由于第二止推壁偏向转轴121旋转的方向,则止推润滑槽172内的润滑油会发生轴剪切和面剪切,从而在止推润滑槽172靠近轴孔的位置处形成负压,以便将转轴121与第二轴承170之间的润滑油吸入,而止推润滑槽172远离轴孔的位置处压力较高,则可以更好地将止推润滑槽172内的润滑油沿倾斜的止推壁流入第二轴承170与泵部130之间的端面间隙中。从而可以增强泵部130和第二轴承170之间的润滑,使得二者之间的润滑状态由边界润滑过渡到流体润滑,从而有效降低二者之间的磨损率。
进一步地,至少两个止推壁还包括第三止推壁,第三止推壁分别与第一止推壁的第二端和第二止推壁的第二端相连。
在该实施例中,至少两个止推壁还包括第三止推壁,第三止推壁分别与第一止推壁的第二端和第二止推壁的第二端相连。即止推润滑槽172由第一止推壁、第二止推壁和第三止推壁共同构成,从而可以便于止推润滑槽172的形状设计。
值得说明的是,第一止推壁、第二止推壁和第三止推壁在第二轴承170的轴向端面上的投影可为平直段,也可以为曲面段。
进一步地,止推润滑槽172的第三止推壁为弧形壁。
在该实施例中,第三止推壁为弧形壁,即第三止推壁在第二轴承170的轴向端面上的投影为弧段。由于第三止推壁对应的位置为止推润滑槽172的远离轴孔的位置,止推润滑槽172内对应此位置的润滑油压力较高,通过令第三止推壁为弧形壁,从而可以便于止推润滑槽172内润滑油的流动,即可以便于润滑油从“大口”进入“小口”,增强泵部130和第二轴承170之间的润滑,使得二者之间的润滑状态由边界润滑过渡到流体润滑,从而有效降低二者之间的磨损率。
实施例五
在前述实施例的基础上,本实施例对第二轴承170的一种润滑油路进行解释说明,进一步地,如图4所示,壳体110包括机壳112和泵盖113,机壳112围设在电机部120和泵部130的外侧,机壳112与第一轴承140相连。泵盖113连接在机壳112上,泵盖113与机壳112形成腔体111,泵盖113与第二轴承170相连,泵盖113的一部分背离泵部130延伸以构造出延伸部114,延伸部114用于形成油池115;第二轴承170的轴孔为轴向贯穿的通孔,通孔的一端与止推润滑槽172连通,通孔的另一端用于连通油池115。
在该实施例中,壳体110包括机壳112和连接在机壳112上的泵盖113, 泵盖113与机壳112形成腔体111,机壳112围设在电机部120和泵部130的外侧。机壳112与第一轴承140相连,泵盖113与第二轴承170相连。第一轴承140与机壳112可以是一体成型,机壳112与第一轴承140一体成型,相较于后加工的方式而言,连接强度更高,还可以节省空间,降低整机高度,而且能够降低制备工艺的难度,降低制作成本。泵盖113与第二轴承170可以是一体成型,节省了更多的高度空间,不仅可以降低整机高度,还能够降低成本。
进一步地,延伸部114由泵盖113的一部分背离泵部130延伸构造形成,因而,延伸部114与泵盖113是一体成型,相较于后加工的方式而言,连接强度大。延伸部114用于形成油池115,油池115能够存储润滑油。第二轴承170上的轴孔为轴向贯穿的通孔,通孔的两端分别与止推润滑槽172以及油池115连通。
具体地,转轴121在高速旋转过程中,转轴121会对其自身与第二轴承170配合间隙内的润滑油进行剪切,润滑油在剪切力的作用下会从配合间隙(通孔)内进入止推润滑槽172内,此时进入止推润滑槽172内的润滑油具有一定的速度和压力。止推润滑槽172内的润滑油会发生轴剪切和面剪切,从而在止推润滑槽172靠近轴孔的位置处形成负压,以便将转轴121与第二轴承170之间的润滑油吸入,而止推润滑槽172远离轴孔的位置处压力较高,则可以更好地将止推润滑槽172内的润滑油推入第二轴承170与泵部130之间的端面间隙中。从而可以增强泵部130和第二轴承170之间的润滑,使得二者之间的润滑状态由边界润滑过渡到流体润滑,从而有效降低二者之间的磨损率。
进一步地,油液被抽入止推润滑槽172内以润滑泵部130与第二轴承170之间的接触面,然后再进入第二轴承170与泵部130之间的间隙,之后在压力差和重力的作用下进入低压区油池115。
具体地,第二轴承170的润滑油路为:油液经油池115进入第二轴承170和转轴121的间隙内(通孔、第二润滑槽171)然后进入止推润滑槽172中,在止推润滑槽172的作用下,油液进入泵部130与第二轴承170的端面间隙中,在压力差和重力的作用下进入低压油池115。通过对第二轴承170形成完成的润滑油路,有利于确保第二轴承170与转轴121之间的润滑性能。
进一步地,泵盖113与第二轴承170一体成型,相较于后加工的方式而言,连接强度更高,还可以节省空间,降低整机高度,而且能够降低制备工艺的难度,降低制作成本。
实施例六
在前述实施例的基础上,本实施例对第二轴承170的另一种润滑油路进行解释说明,进一步地,如图1所示,壳体110包括机壳112和泵盖113,机壳112围设在电机部120和泵部130的外侧,机壳112与第一轴承140相连。泵盖113连接在机壳112上,泵盖113与机壳112形成腔体111,泵盖113与第二轴承170相连;第二轴承170的轴孔为一端开口的盲孔。连通槽开设在第二轴承170和/或泵盖113上,连通槽连通第一压力腔131和盲孔。
在该实施例中,壳体110包括机壳112和连接在机壳112上的泵盖113,泵盖113与机壳112形成腔体111,机壳112围设在电机部120和泵部130的外侧。机壳112与第一轴承140相连,泵盖113与第二轴承170相连。第一轴承140与机壳112可以是一体成型,机壳112与第一轴承140一体成型,相较于后加工的方式而言,连接强度更高,还可以节省空间,降低整机高度,而且能够降低制备工艺的难度,降低制作成本。泵盖113与第二轴承170可以是一体成型,节省了更多的高度空间,不仅可以降低整机高度,还能够降低成本。
进一步地,第二轴承170的轴孔为一端开口的盲孔,连通槽开设在第二轴承170和/或泵盖113上,连通槽用于连通第一压力腔131和盲孔。具体地,第二轴承170的润滑油路为:经过加压后的油液自第一压力腔131(高压腔)经过-连通槽进入盲孔(第二轴承170与转轴121之间的间隙、第二润滑槽171)中,然后在经过第二轴承170与泵部130之间的间隙回到低压区,这里的低压区具体是指进油口181、第二压力腔132。通过对第二轴承170形成完成的润滑油路,有利于确保第二轴承170与转轴121之间的润滑性能。
实施例七
在前述实施例的基础上,本实施例对泵部130的具体结构进行解释说明,进一步地,如图1和图4所示,泵部130包括第一转动件133和第二转动件134,第一转动件133与转轴121相配合。第二转动件134设置在第一转动件133的外侧,第一转动件133能够带动第二转动件134转动,第二转动件134与第一转动件133构造出第一压力腔131和第二压力腔132。泵装置100还包括进油口181和出油口182,进油口181轴向开设在泵盖113和/或第二轴承170上,进油口181与第二压力腔132连通;出油口182径向开设在泵盖113和第二轴承170上,出油口182与泵部130的第一压力腔131连通。
在该实施例中,泵部130包括第一转动件133和第二转动件134,第一转动件133与转轴121相配合,第二转动件134设置在第一转动件133的外侧,第一转动件133能够带动第二转动件134转动,可以理解为,转轴121可以通过第一转动件133带动第二转动件134运转。通过设置第一转动件133和第二转动件134构造形成第一压力腔131和第二压力腔132,且第一压力腔131为高压腔,第二压力腔132为低压腔。
值得说明的是,第一转动件133为内齿轮,第二转动件134为外齿轮,即泵部130为齿轮泵。具体地,齿轮泵在啮合过程中,前一对齿尚未脱离啮合,后一对齿已经进入啮合,每个内齿面都与外齿面接触,形成密闭容腔,随着内齿轮的自转,密闭容腔体111积会发生变化,如果不能连通卸荷通道,就会形成困油容积。由于液体的可压缩性很小,当困油容积由大变小时,存在于困油容积中的液体收到挤压,压力急剧升高,大大超过齿轮泵的工作压力。同时困油容积中的液体也从一切可泄漏的缝隙中强行挤出,使得转轴121和轴承都会承受很大的冲击载荷,增加功率损失并使得油发热,引起噪音和振动,降低齿轮泵的工作平稳性和寿命。当困油容积由小变大时形成真空,使得溶于液体中 的空气分离出来产生气泡,带来气蚀、噪音、振动、流量和压力脉动等危害。消除困油现象的方法,采用在齿轮的两端盖上开卸荷槽,使得封闭容积减小时卸荷槽与压油腔连通,封闭容积增大时通过卸荷槽与吸油腔连通。
具体地,内齿轮通过与外齿轮共轭曲线齿形轮廓的啮合,每一个齿都相互接触,同方向带动外齿轮转动。内齿轮将外齿轮内腔分隔为多个工作腔,由于内外齿轮中心偏置,多个工作腔容积随着转子122的转动发生变化,容积增大的区域形成一定真空,进油口181就设置在该部位,容积减小的区域压力提高,出油口182则对应设置在此处。
进一步地,泵装置100还包括进油口181和出油口182,进油口181轴向开设在泵盖113和/或第二轴承170上,且进油口181与第二压力腔132连通。由于第二压力腔132为低压腔,与腔外存在压力差,因此油液会通过进油口181进入到第二压力腔132内。出油口182径向开设在泵盖113和第二轴承170上,且出油口182与第一压力腔131连通。由于第一压力腔131为高压腔,与腔外存在压力差,因此第一压力腔131内的油液会通过出油口182流出。即泵装置100的主油路为:第二压力腔132和进油口181处能够产生的负压,在负压的作用下,油池115内的油液被吸引至进油口181,进而进入第二压力腔132(低压腔),进入第二压力腔132的油液在第一转动件133和第二转动件134的作用下进入高压腔加压,加压后的油液经出油口182排出。
值得说明的是,关于进油口181和出油口182的设计原理:在保证齿轮转动过程中,进油口181与第一转动件133、第二转动件134的齿间尽早接通,在内齿轮和外齿轮形成最大容积前,齿轮容积腔始终与进油口181相通,而且要尽量延长充油时间,使得内外齿之间的容积腔内充满油,从而保证吸油量。出油口182也要尽早与齿间高压油早接通,以减小齿间过压缩功,尽量晚闭合以充分利用流体的惯性排尽齿间油,从而提高内啮合齿轮式油泵的容积效率。但必须注意的是,内外齿轮形成最大容积时,不能与进油口181连通,避免影响泵装置100低速时的容积效率。
实施例八
在前述实施例的基础上,本实施例对电机部120的具体结构进行解释说明,进一步地,如图1和图4所示,电机部120还包括转子122和定子123,转子122与转轴121相连;定子123套设在转子122外侧,定子123包括定子铁芯和定子绕组,定子绕组设置在定子铁芯上。泵装置100还包括控制部190,控制部190设置在电机部120背离泵部130的一侧,控制部190连接在壳体110上并位于腔体111中,定子绕组的端部与控制部190电连接。
在该实施例中,电机部120还包括转子122和定子123。其中,转子122和转轴121相连,可以地,转子122和转轴121可以同轴设置,且转子122与转轴121的配合方式可以为过盈配合,还可以地,转子122和转轴121不同轴设置但是两者传动连接,根据实际情况进行灵活设置。定子123套设在转子122外侧,定子123包括定子铁芯和定子绕组,定子绕组设置在定子铁芯上。
此外,泵装置100还包括控制部190,控制部190设置在电机部120背离 泵部130的一侧,即控制部190设置在电机部120远离泵部130的位置,由于工作过程中靠近泵部130的位置振动较为明显,且受到的负载较大,因此控制部190远离泵部130,可以在一定程度上对控制部190起到保护的作用,提高控制部190的使用寿命。
进一步地,控制部190连接在壳体110上并位于腔体111中,定子绕组的端部与控制部190电连接。
具体地,在泵装置100工作过程中,控制部190控制定子123中定子绕组的电流按照一定的规律变化,从而控制定子123产生变化的激励磁场,转子122在激励磁场的作用下转动,从而通过转轴121带动泵部130中的第一转动件133转动,进而使得第二转动件134运动。当泵部130中的第一转动件133和第二转动件134转动时,由于第二转动件134偏心运动,则第一转动件133和第二转动件134之间形成的压缩腔的容积发生变化,从而使得进入压缩腔内的工作介质被压出至出油口182而产生流动的动力。
实施例九
如图6所示,本申请的第二方面实施例提出了一种车辆200,包括:如上述实施例中任一项的泵装置100。本申请提出的车辆200,由于具有上述任一实施例的泵装置100,进而具有上述任一实施例的有益效果,在此不一赘述。
值得说明的是,车辆200可以为新能源汽车。其中,新能源汽车包括纯电动汽车、增程式电动汽车、混合动力汽车、燃料电池电动汽车、氢发动机汽车等。当然,车辆200也可以为传统的燃油车。
在一个具体的实施例中,车辆200包括车体210和发动机220。泵装置100和发动机220均设置在车体210中,发动机220包括安装座221,安装座221与泵装置100的延伸部114相连,从而通过安装座221与延伸部114的配合形成油池115,进而可以将该油池115与发动机220的油源连通,实现油路连通。
在具体应用中,当车辆200为新能源汽车时,发动机220为电动机;当车辆200为燃油车时,发动机220为燃油机。
在本申请中,术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述的目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性;术语“多个”则指两个或两个以上,除非另有明确的限定。术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语均应做广义理解,例如,“连接”可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;“相连”可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或单元必须具有特定的方向、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此,不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本说明书的描述中,术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“具体实 施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或实例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (19)
- 一种泵装置,其中,包括:壳体,所述壳体具有腔体;电机部,所述电机部包括绕所述电机部的中心轴线转动的转轴;泵部,设置在所述电机部的轴向一侧并与所述转轴相接触,所述泵部能够被所述转轴带动而转动,所述泵部包括第一压力腔和第二压力腔,所述第一压力腔承受的压力大于所述第二压力腔承受的压力;第一轴承,与所述壳体相连并套设在所述转轴上,所述第一轴承位于所述电机部和所述泵部之间;第一油槽,设置在所述第一轴承朝向所述泵部的第一端面上,所述第一油槽与所述第一压力腔连通;节流槽,所述节流槽设置在所述第一端面上,所述节流槽连通所述第一油槽和所述第一轴承与所述转轴之间的间隙。
- 根据权利要求1所述的泵装置,其中,所述第一轴承的内侧壁的一部分背离所述转轴凹陷以形成第一润滑槽,所述第一润滑槽与所述节流槽连通。
- 根据权利要求2所述的泵装置,其中,所述节流槽的通流截面积与所述第一润滑槽的通流截面积的比值大于等于0.1,小于等于0.4。
- 根据权利要求2所述的泵装置,其中,所述第一润滑槽的通流截面积与所述第一轴承的轴孔横截面积的比值大于等于0.02,小于等于0.08。
- 根据权利要求2所述的泵装置,其中,所述泵装置还包括:密封件,连接在所述第一轴承背离所述泵部的一侧,所述密封件套设在所述转轴上,所述密封件、所述第一轴承和所述转轴形成过液腔,所述过液腔与所述第一润滑槽连通。
- 根据权利要求5所述的泵装置,其中,所述泵装置还包括:泄压槽,设置在所述第一轴承上,所述泄压槽连通所述过液腔和所述第二压力腔。
- 根据权利要求6所述的泵装置,其中,所述泄压槽的通流截面积与所述第一润滑槽的通流截面积的比值大于等于1,小于等于4。
- 根据权利要求1所述的泵装置,其中,所述泵装置还包括:缓冲腔,设置在所述第一轴承背离所述泵部的端面上。
- 根据权利要求8所述的泵装置,其中,所述缓冲腔的开口面积大于所述缓冲腔的底壁面积。
- 根据权利要求8所述的泵装置,其中,所述缓冲腔包括:第一壁面,所述第一壁面为所述缓冲腔靠近所述转轴的壁面,自所述 缓冲腔的开口端至所述缓冲腔的底壁,所述第一壁面与所述转轴之间的间距增大。
- 根据权利要求10所述的泵装置,其中,所述缓冲腔包括:第二壁面,所述第二壁面与所述第一壁面相对设置,自所述缓冲腔的开口端至所述缓冲腔的底壁,所述第二壁面与所述转轴之间的间距减小。
- 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的泵装置,其中,所述泵装置还包括:第二轴承,所述第二轴承与所述壳体相连并套设在所述转轴上,所述第二轴承位于所述泵部背离所述第一轴承的一侧。
- 根据权利要求12所述的泵装置,其中,所述第二轴承的内侧壁的一部分背离所述转轴凹陷以形成第二润滑槽,所述第二润滑槽与所述第一压力腔连通。
- 根据权利要求12所述的泵装置,其中,所述泵装置还包括:止推润滑槽,设置在所述第二轴承靠近所述泵部的端面上,所述止推润滑槽与所述第二轴承的轴孔相连通。
- 根据权利要求14所述的泵装置,其中,所述壳体包括:机壳,所述机壳围设在所述电机部和所述泵部的外侧,所述机壳与所述第一轴承相连;泵盖,连接在所述机壳上,所述泵盖与所述机壳形成所述腔体,所述泵盖与所述第二轴承相连,所述泵盖的一部分背离所述泵部延伸以构造出延伸部,所述延伸部用于形成油池;所述第二轴承的轴孔为轴向贯穿的通孔,所述通孔的一端与所述止推润滑槽连通,所述通孔的另一端用于连通所述油池。
- 根据权利要求13所述的泵装置,其中,所述壳体包括:机壳,所述机壳围设在所述电机部和所述泵部的外侧,所述机壳与所述第一轴承相连;泵盖,连接在所述机壳上,所述泵盖与所述机壳形成所述腔体,所述泵盖与所述第二轴承相连;所述第二轴承的轴孔为一端开口的盲孔;连通槽,开设在所述第二轴承和/或所述泵盖上,所述连通槽连通所述第一压力腔和所述盲孔。
- 根据权利要求15或16所述的泵装置,其中,所述泵部包括:第一转动件,所述第一转动件与所述转轴相配合;第二转动件,设置在所述第一转动件的外侧,所述第一转动件能够带动所述第二转动件转动,所述第二转动件与所述第一转动件构造出所述第一压力腔和所述第二压力腔,所述泵装置还包括:进油口,轴向开设在所述泵盖和/或所述第二轴承上,所述进油口与所述第二压力腔连通;出油口,径向开设在所述泵盖和所述第二轴承上,所述出油口与所述泵部的第一压力腔连通。
- 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的泵装置,其中,所述电机部还包括:转子,所述转子与所述转轴相连;定子,套设在所述转子外侧,所述定子包括定子铁芯和定子绕组,所述定子绕组设置在所述定子铁芯上;所述泵装置还包括:控制部,设置在所述电机部背离所述泵部的一侧,所述控制部连接在所述壳体上并位于所述腔体中,所述定子绕组的端部与所述控制部电连接。
- 一种车辆,其中,包括:如权利要求1至18中任一项所述的泵装置。
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