Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
  • D02G3/441—Yarns or threads with antistatic, conductive or radiation-shielding properties
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D1/00—Garments
  • A41D1/002—Garments adapted to accommodate electronic equipment
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
  • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
  • D02G3/26—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
  • D02G3/30—Crêped or other highly-twisted yarns or threads
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
  • D10B2101/20—Metallic fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
  • D10B2401/16—Physical properties antistatic; conductive

Definitions

• the present invention relates to conductive fibers that are particularly suitable to be incorporated into fabrics such as smart textiles, and clothing or electrical / electronic devices using the conductive fibers.
• Patent Document 1 a stretchable conductive fiber in which a conductive layer made of copper iodide is formed near the inside of the stretchable fiber using an elastomer, or a conductive fiber is formed in a spring shape to have high elasticity.
• Patent Document 1 has been proposed to obtain highly elastic conductive wiring having excellent durability.
• a conductive layer containing carbon black and a non-conductive layer having fiber-forming properties form a side-by-side or eccentric core-sheath composite.
• Composite fibers in which a conductive layer forms at least a part of the fiber surface have been proposed.
• Non-Patent Document 1 it is said that a conductive fiber having excellent elasticity and durability can be obtained by forming the conductive fiber in a spring shape.
• the outer diameter of the spring-shaped fiber bundle is large, and the elastic behavior of the spring-like structure causes a repulsive force in the bent portion and the extended portion, so that when the conductive fiber is incorporated into the clothing, a feeling of strangeness is generated. There was a challenge.
• a conductive fiber having excellent elasticity can be obtained by using a crimped fiber having a conductive layer containing carbon black.
• the volume resistance value of the obtained fiber is as high as 1 ⁇ 10 -1 ⁇ ⁇ cm or more, and the conductivity is insufficient for use in electricity transmission and signal transmission from a sensor, and the conductivity is carbon. Due to the dispersibility of black, the unevenness of the resistance value tends to be large, and it may not be possible to sufficiently secure the stability of electrical characteristics.
• Patent Document 3 an electromagnetic wave shielding sheet in which a non-woven fabric is coated with a metal layer is proposed.
• the non-woven fabric when cut out and used for electrical wiring, it requires a larger conductive layer area than the conductive fiber in order to obtain sufficient conductive performance, and it is difficult to weave or knit it into the cloth because of the non-woven fabric shape. For some reason, it was inappropriate as an electrical wiring for smart textiles.
• an object of the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has excellent flexibility in addition to high conductivity and stability of electrical characteristics against deformation, and is particularly incorporated into fabrics such as smart textiles. Is to provide suitable conductive fibers, and clothing or electrical / electronic devices using the same.
• the present inventors have arranged a metal layer on the fiber surface having a specific number of crimps, and set the volume resistivity and the total fineness within a specific range.
• the present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and the conductive fiber of the present invention has an average number of crimps of 2 pieces / cm or more, has a metal layer on the fiber surface, and has a volume resistivity. Is 2 ⁇ 10 -6 to 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm, and the total fineness is 10 to 1000 dtex.
• the average single fiber diameter is 5 to 20 ⁇ m.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention is composed of long fibers.
• the volume resistivity when stretched by 10% in the fiber axial direction is 2 ⁇ 10 -6 to 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm.
• the shape of the crimp is a three-dimensional coil shape.
• the clothing or the electric / electronic device of the present invention is at least partially composed of the above-mentioned conductive fibers.
• conductive fibers having excellent flexibility and particularly suitable to be incorporated into fabrics such as smart textiles, and clothing or electricity using the same. ⁇ You can get electronic devices.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention has an average number of crimps of 2 pieces / cm or more, has a metal layer on the fiber surface, and has a volume resistivity of 2 ⁇ 10 -6 to 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm. Further, the total fineness is 10 to 1000 dtex.
• the components thereof will be described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited to the scope described below as long as the gist thereof is not exceeded.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention preferably has a portion other than the metal layer made of a thermoplastic polymer. Since the portion other than the metal layer is made of a thermoplastic polymer, molding into a fiber shape becomes easy by using the melt spinning method, and the conductive fiber has a uniform shape in the fiber axis direction.
• thermoplastic polymer used for the conductive fiber of the present invention examples include polyester polymers such as "polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyhexamethylene terephthalate” and copolymers thereof, "polylactic acid, polyethylene”.
• Aliper polyester polymers such as succinate, polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate adipate, polyhydroxybutyrate-polyhydroxyvariate copolymer, polycaprolactone "and their copolymers," Polyamide 6, Polyamide 66, Polypolypolypolypolymers such as polyamide 610, polyamide 10, polyamide 12, polyamide 6-12 and their copolymers, polyolefin polymers such as "polypropylene, polyethylene, polybutene, polymethylpentene” and their copolymers, ethylene.
• Water-insoluble ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer polymer containing 25 mol% to 70 mol% of units, polystyrene-based, polydiene-based, chlorine-based, polyolefin-based, polyester-based, polyurethane-based, polyamide-based, fluorine-based elastomers such as It is a polymer or the like, and can be selected from these and used.
• polyester polymers and copolymers thereof are preferably used because it is relatively easy to form a metal layer by plating or the like and peeling of the metal layer is unlikely to occur.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention contains inorganic substances such as titanium oxide, silica and barium oxide, carbon black, colorants such as dyes and pigments, flame retardants, etc. in the above-mentioned thermoplastic polymer as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. It may contain various additives such as optical brighteners, antioxidants, and UV absorbers.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention may be not only a single component fiber but also a composite fiber in which two or more kinds of polymers are composited.
• a composite fiber a core-sheath type, a sea-island type, a side-by-side type, an eccentric core-sheath type, etc. can be mentioned.
• the side-by-side type and the eccentric core sheath type, which are the forms, are preferable.
• examples of polymer combinations include combinations of the same type of polyester polymer having different viscosity, combination of the same type of polyamide polymer having different viscosity, polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate.
• a combination of different types of polyester polymers is preferably used.
• the eccentric core sheath type is used as the composite form, as an example of the polymer combination, in addition to the above-mentioned side-by-side type combination example, a combination of a polyester-based polymer and a polyurethane-based polymer, or a polyamide-based polymer and a polyurethane-based polymer is used.
• a combination of polymers and the like is preferably used.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention has an average number of crimps of 2 pieces / cm or more.
• the average number of crimps By setting the average number of crimps to 2 / cm or more, preferably 3 / cm or more, and more preferably 4 / cm or more, the 10% modulus of the conductive fiber tends to decrease, so that the flexibility is improved. ..
• the upper limit of the average number of crimps in the present invention is not particularly limited, but about 60 pieces / cm is a substantial upper limit.
• the average number of crimps in the present invention is obtained as follows. (1) The single fiber taken out from the multifilament is placed on a sample table under no load, and an image of the single fiber for 1 cm is taken with a microscope. (2) After counting the number of peaks and valleys of the fiber from the captured image, divide the total by 2 to obtain the number of crimps. (3) The above measurement is carried out 5 times by changing the single fiber per level, and the arithmetic mean value is taken as the average number of crimps.
• the crimped shape of the conductive fiber of the present invention can take a crimped shape such as a sawtooth shape, a three-dimensional coil shape, or a combination thereof, but the three-dimensional coil shape is particularly preferable. Since the crimped shape of the conductive fiber is a three-dimensional coil shape, it can be suitably used for textiles such as clothing because it has high followability to expansion and contraction in the fiber axis direction and complicated movements.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention has a metal layer on the fiber surface. By having the metal layer on the fiber surface, it is possible to reduce the volume resistivity of the conductive fiber, and it is possible to obtain sufficient conductivity for power transmission and signal transmission.
• the metal layer on the surface of the conductive fiber of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the conductive performance of the present invention, but is preferably formed of copper plating and / or silver plating.
• the metal layer on the fiber surface is formed with copper plating and / or silver plating, it is possible to reduce the volume resistivity of the conductive fiber and it is easy to form the metal layer uniformly on the fiber surface. Therefore, the conductivity and the uniformity in the fiber axial direction thereof are improved.
• the conductivity is lowered (volume resistivity is increased) as compared with the case where the metal layer is formed only by silver plating, but the cost can be suppressed.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention has a volume resistivity of 2 ⁇ 10 -6 to 1 ⁇ 10 -2- ⁇ ⁇ cm.
• the volume resistivity By setting the volume resistivity to 2 ⁇ 10 -6 ⁇ ⁇ cm or more, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 -5 ⁇ ⁇ cm or more, the proportion of the metal layer in the fiber cross section is substantially reduced, and thus the dynamics such as strength. Physical properties improve. Further, by setting the volume resistivity to 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 -3 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less, sufficient conductivity can be obtained for power transmission and signal transmission.
• the volume resistivity in the present invention is obtained as follows. (1) Conductive fibers having a length of 10 cm are held at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 65% RH for 1 hour or more. (2) Set the conductive fiber without applying tension so that it comes into contact with a probe consisting of two rod terminals with a distance between terminals of 5 cm connected to the insulation resistance tester. (3) The resistance value ( ⁇ ) is measured at an applied voltage of 100 V, the obtained resistance value is divided by the probe distance of 5 cm, and then the cross-sectional area A (cm 2 ) of the conductive fiber used for the measurement by the method described later. Calculate the value multiplied by. (4) The above measurement is carried out 5 times at different measurement locations per level, and the arithmetic mean value is defined as the volume resistivity ( ⁇ ⁇ cm).
• the conductive fiber when the conductive fiber is a monofilament, it is the volume resistivity of the monofilament alone, and when the conductive fiber is a multifilament, it is the volume resistivity of the entire multifilament. That is, in the case of a multifilament, the total cross-sectional area A (cm 2 ) of all the single fibers constituting the multifilament corresponds to the cross-sectional area A (cm 2 ) of the above (3).
• the conductive fiber of the present invention preferably has a volume resistivity of 2 ⁇ 10 -6 to 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm when stretched by 10% in the fiber axis direction.
• a volume resistivity of 2 ⁇ 10 -6 to 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm when stretched by 10% in the fiber axis direction.
• volume resistivity when stretched by 10% in the fiber axis direction preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 -3 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less.
• volume resistivity there is no increase in volume resistivity, and even when it is incorporated into textiles and given complicated movements, sufficient conductivity can always be obtained for power transmission and signal transmission, so it has excellent electrical property stability against deformation. It becomes a conductive fiber.
• the volume resistivity when stretched by 10% in the fiber axial direction in the present invention means that the conductive fiber is stretched by 10% from an unloaded state when measuring the volume resistivity and then comes into contact with the probe. It is obtained by setting to.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention has a total fineness of 10 to 1000 dtex.
• a sufficiently low resistance value can be achieved for power transmission and signal transmission, and the breaking strength of the fiber is increased, so that post-workability and post-workability can be achieved. It becomes a conductive fiber with excellent durability.
• the total fineness to 1000 dtex or less, preferably 800 dtex or less, more preferably 500 dtex or less, the conductive fiber does not feel uncomfortable even when incorporated into textiles such as clothing, and is excellent in wearing comfort.
• the total fineness in the present invention is calculated by taking 100 m of conductive fibers, multiplying the mass of the skein by 100, calculating the total fineness (dtex), measuring 5 times per level, and calculating from the arithmetic mean value. It is a thing. If the conductive fiber is shorter than 100 m or cannot be skeined, measure the length (m) and mass (g) of the conductive fiber, and measure the total by mass (g) ⁇ length (m) ⁇ 10000. The fineness (dtex) may be calculated.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention preferably has an average single fiber diameter of 5 to 20 ⁇ m.
• the average single fiber diameter preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 6 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 7 ⁇ m or more, the strength of the single fiber is increased, so that yarn breakage due to rubbing such as friction is reduced and high durability is obtained. It becomes a conductive fiber.
• the average single fiber diameter preferably 20 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 18 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 16 ⁇ m or less, the fiber becomes flexible and easily follows deformation such as bending, so that it can be used for textiles such as clothing. Even if it is incorporated, it does not feel uncomfortable, and it becomes a conductive fiber with excellent wearing comfort.
• the average single fiber diameter in the present invention is obtained as follows. (1) The single fiber taken out from the multifilament is cut in the direction perpendicular to the fiber axis, and an image is taken at a magnification at which the entire cross section of the single fiber can be observed using a scanning electron microscope. (2) For the captured image, the cross-sectional area A formed by the cross-sectional contour of the single fiber is measured using image analysis software, and the diameter ( ⁇ m) of a perfect circle having the same area as the cross-sectional area A is calculated. (3) All the single fibers constituting the multifilament are used, and the arithmetic mean value thereof is defined as the average single fiber diameter ( ⁇ m).
• the degree of eccentricity in the cross section of the single fiber is preferably 0.05 to 0.80.
• the degree of eccentricity is preferably 0.05 or more, more preferably 0.10 or more, still more preferably 0.15 or more.
• the average number of crimps increases, so that flexibility is improved and deformation is achieved.
• It is a conductive fiber with excellent stability in electrical characteristics.
• the degree of eccentricity is preferably 0.80 or less, more preferably 0.65 or less, still more preferably 0.50 or less, the cross-sectional formability in the spinning process is improved, so that there are few defects such as yarn breakage. It is a conductive fiber with excellent process stability.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention can take any shape such as a spun yarn made of long fiber or short fiber, but it is particularly preferable that it is made of long fiber. Since the conductive fiber is made of a long fiber, the conductive spots are reduced, so that the conductive fiber has a stable volume resistivity in the fiber axial direction, and also has high productivity and excellent mechanical characteristics.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention preferably has a breaking strength of 1.5 cN / dtex or more.
• breaking strength By setting the breaking strength to preferably 1.5 cN / dtex or more, more preferably 2.0 cN / dtex or more, yarn breakage in post-processing processes such as weaving and knitting is reduced, so that the conductive fiber has excellent process stability. It becomes.
• the upper limit of the breaking strength in the present invention is not particularly limited, but about 10.0 cN / dtex is a substantial upper limit.
• the breaking strength in the present invention is based on the tensile strength and elongation rate described in JIS L 1013: 2010 8.5, and the conductive fiber is set without applying tension, the sample length is 200 mm, and the tensile speed is 200 mm / min.
• Strength (cN / dtex) is calculated by measuring the strength (cN) at break under the conditions of, and dividing by the total fineness (dtex), measuring 5 times per level, and calculating from the arithmetic average value. It is a thing.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention preferably has a breaking elongation of 15 to 200%.
• the elongation at break preferably 15% or more, more preferably 20% or more, still more preferably 30% or more, yarn breakage in the post-processing step is reduced, so that the conductive fiber has excellent process stability.
• the breaking elongation to 200% or less, more preferably 180% or less, still more preferably 160% or less, plastic deformation is less likely to occur when the fiber is stretched, so that the conductive fiber has excellent durability. It becomes.
• the breaking elongation in the present invention is based on the tensile strength and elongation rate described in JIS L 1013: 2010 8.5, and the conductive fiber is set without applying tension, and the sample length is 200 mm and the tensile speed is 200 mm /. Elongation (%) at break is measured under the condition of minutes, measurement is performed 5 times per level, and the arithmetic mean value is used.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention preferably has a 10% modulus of 1.50 cN / dtex or less.
• the 10% modulus preferably 1.50 cN / dtex or less, more preferably 1.00 cN / dtex or less, and further preferably 0.50 cN / dtex or less.
• the lower limit of 10% modulus in the present invention is not particularly limited, but 0.00 cN / dtex is a substantial lower limit.
• the 10% modulus in the present invention is based on the tensile strength and elongation rate described in JIS L 1013: 2010 8.5, and the conductive fiber is set without applying tension, and the sample length is 200 mm and the tensile speed is 200 mm /.
• the stress (cN / dtex) when stretched by 10% under the condition of minutes is measured, measured 5 times per level, and obtained from the arithmetic mean value.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention has excellent flexibility in addition to high electrical conductivity and stability against deformation. Therefore, taking advantage of these characteristics, for example, stockings, tights, and dustproof clothing as antistatic materials. It can be used for various purposes such as clothing and textiles such as curtains, or for various purposes such as indoors and outdoors, carpets and mats laid in vehicles, flooring materials, etc. It can be suitably used for smart textiles such as electric signal transmission from a sensor. Further, by incorporating the conductive fiber of the present invention into a portion of an electric / electronic device that requires an operation such as expansion / contraction or bending, it can be suitably used for electric power transmission or electric signal transmission from a sensor. ..
• the garment of the present invention is at least partially composed of the conductive fibers of the present invention.
• the garment has no discomfort when worn and is excellent in wearing comfort.
• the clothing of the present invention is worn to partially or wholly cover the body, and includes not only tops and undergarments, or clothing such as kimonos and coveralls, but also hats, gloves, socks, and the like.
• we regret the characteristics of the conductive fiber of the present invention such as high conductivity, stability of electrical characteristics against deformation, and flexibility by applying it to smart textiles, which are clothing incorporating electronic components such as various devices, sensors, and IC chips. It is more preferable because it can be exhibited without any problems.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention when the conductive fiber of the present invention is applied to a smart textile, the high flexibility caused by crimping does not interfere with the movement of the human body, and the total fineness is within a specific range, so that there is no discomfort when worn. It will be a smart textile with excellent wearing comfort. Furthermore, since the conductive fiber of the present invention has a lower volume resistance than the fiber containing carbon black, it is possible to transmit electricity as a driving source of the device and transmit an electric signal from a sensor. It also has excellent electrical property stability against deformation. Therefore, the conductive fiber of the present invention can be applied to smart textiles for various purposes.
• the clothing of the present invention may cover the portion where the conductive fiber is arranged with an insulating material. It is preferable to cover the portion where the conductive fibers are arranged with an insulating material because it is possible to prevent electric shock and the like.
• the electric / electronic device of the present invention is at least partially composed of the conductive fibers of the present invention.
• an electric device or an electronic device capable of smoothly performing operations such as expansion and contraction and bending and having excellent stability of electrical characteristics against deformation can be obtained.
• the conductive fiber of the present invention is capable of transmitting electricity and transmitting an electric signal from a sensor, and is also excellent in stability of electrical characteristics against deformation. Therefore, the conductive fiber of the present invention can be applied to electric / electronic devices for various purposes that require operations such as expansion and contraction and bending.
• the portion where the conductive fiber is arranged may be covered with an insulating material. It is preferable to cover the portion where the conductive fibers are arranged with an insulating material because it is possible to prevent electric shock and the like.
• the method for producing the conductive fiber of the present invention can be selected from a solution spinning method, a melt spinning method, and the like, but it is preferable to apply the melt spinning method because the environmental load is small and the production is easy.
• thermoplastic polymer used in the present invention is preferably dried before being subjected to spinning for the purpose of preventing water contamination and removing oligomers in order to improve the spinning property.
• drying conditions vacuum drying at 80 to 200 ° C. for 1 to 24 hours is usually used.
• a melt spinning method using an extruder such as a pressure melter type, a single-screw or twin-screw extruder type can be applied.
• the extruded thermoplastic polymer is weighed by a weighing device such as a gear pump via a pipe, passed through a filter for removing foreign matter, and then guided to a spinneret and discharged.
• a weighing device such as a gear pump via a pipe
• a filter for removing foreign matter and then guided to a spinneret and discharged.
• the fiber is a composite fiber
• each thermoplastic polymer is guided from a separate pipe to the spinneret, and the shape is restricted to a side-by-side type or an eccentric core sheath type in the spinneret and merged, and the fiber is discharged as a composite fiber.
• the composite fiber thus obtained becomes a fiber having a three-dimensional coil shape by being subjected to a drawing step described later.
• the temperature from the polymer pipe to the spinneret is preferably + 20 ° C. or higher, which is the melting point of the thermoplastic polymer, in order to increase the fluidity, and the thermoplastic polymer is thermally decomposed.
• the temperature is preferably 320 ° C. or lower in order to suppress the temperature.
• the spinneret used for ejection preferably has a hole diameter D of 0.1 mm or more and 0.6 mm or less, and a land length L of the mouthpiece hole (the length of a straight pipe portion having the same hole diameter as the mouthpiece hole).
• the L / D defined by the quotient obtained by dividing (s) by the pore diameter is preferably 1 or more and 10 or less.
• the fibers discharged from the mouthpiece holes are cooled and solidified by blowing cooling air (air).
• the temperature of the cooling air can be determined in balance with the cooling air speed from the viewpoint of cooling efficiency, but it is preferably 30 ° C. or lower. By setting the temperature of the cooling air to preferably 30 ° C. or lower, the solidification behavior due to cooling is stabilized, and the conductive fiber has high fiber diameter uniformity.
• the cooling air flows in a substantially vertical direction to the unstretched fibers discharged from the mouthpiece.
• the speed of the cooling air is preferably 10 m / min or more from the viewpoint of cooling efficiency and the uniformity of the fiber diameter, and preferably 100 m / min or less from the viewpoint of yarn-making stability.
• unstretched fibers having a difference in molecular orientation in the fiber cross-sectional direction can be obtained. It can be obtained, and it is also possible to obtain fibers having crimps by subjecting the undrawn fibers to a drawing step described later.
• the unstretched fibers that have been cooled and solidified are taken up by a roller (godet roller) that rotates at a constant speed.
• the take-up speed is preferably 300 m / min or more in order to improve the uniformity of fiber diameter and productivity, and is preferably 4000 m / min or less in order not to cause yarn breakage.
• the unstretched fiber thus obtained is subjected to a drawing step after being wound once or continuously after being taken up.
• Stretching is performed by running on a heated first roller or a heating device provided between the first roller and the second roller, for example, in a heating bath or on a hot plate.
• the stretching conditions are determined by the mechanical properties of the obtained unstretched fibers, and the stretching temperature is determined by the temperature of the heated first roller or the heating device provided between the first roller and the second roller.
• the draw ratio is determined by the ratio of the peripheral speeds of the first roller and the second roller.
• the drawn fibers can be heated by a heated third roller or a heating device provided between the second roller and the third roller to apply heat setting. .. Crystallization progresses by applying heat setting, and the conductive fiber has excellent shape stability.
• the drawn fiber obtained by the above manufacturing method can develop a three-dimensional coil shape in the state after drawing by subjecting it to the above-mentioned composite fiber formation and adjustment of cooling conditions. It is also possible to impart mechanical crimp to the obtained drawn fiber with a crimper, a gear, or the like.
• the obtained crimped fiber is plated to form a metal layer on the fiber surface.
• the metal to be plated is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the conductive performance of the present invention, but copper and / or silver is preferable from the viewpoint of conductive performance and cost.
• the plating treatment may be any method as long as it forms a metal layer on the crimped fiber, and examples thereof include a non-electrolytic plating method, an electrolytic plating method, a molten metal plating method, a vacuum vapor deposition method, a chemical vapor deposition method, and a physical vapor deposition method. Be done. Further, before the plating treatment, a surface modification treatment or the like for facilitating the formation of a metal layer may be performed.
• the conductive fiber having a metal layer formed on the surface of the crimped fiber obtained by the above manufacturing method is incorporated into textiles such as woven fabrics and knitted fabrics.
• the method of using the conductive fiber of the present invention for a part or all of the fibers provided in the manufacturing process, or the conductive fiber of the present invention is applied to a raw machine or a knitted fabric composed of another fiber. Examples include sewing methods.
• the garment of the present invention is sewn using the textile (woven fabric or knitted fabric) thus obtained. Further, a method of directly sewing the conductive fiber of the present invention to clothing can also be mentioned.
• a method similar to that of ordinary electric wiring such as a copper wire can be adopted.
• the present invention will be described in detail based on examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
• the one without any special description is the one obtained by the measurement based on the above-mentioned method.
• High-viscosity polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.9 dL / g as polymer A and low-viscosity PET having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.6 dL / g as polymer B are vacuum-dried at 150 ° C. for 12 hours and then brought to a spinning temperature of 290 ° C. And melt-spun.
• high-viscosity PET and low-viscosity PET were melt-extruded by separate twin-screw extruders and guided to the spinneret while being weighed by a gear pump.
• the yarn spun from the mouthpiece passed through a heat insulating region of 50 mm, and then air-cooled over 1.0 m under the conditions of a temperature of 25 ° C. and a wind speed of 30 m / min using a uniflow type cooling device. Then, an oil agent was applied 2.0 m below the base surface, and all 36 filaments were wound with a winder via a first godet roller and a second godet roller at 1000 m / min to obtain unstretched fibers.
• the above unstretched fibers are taken up by a feed roller attached to the nip roller, tension is applied to the unstretched fibers with the first roller, and then the first roller and the second roller heated to 90 ° C. are rotated 6 times. And heat stretching was carried out. Further, the third roller heated to 140 ° C. was rotated 6 times to set the heat. The total draw ratio was 3.50 times, and after the third roller, the fibers were wound by a winder via a non-heated roller having a peripheral speed of 400 m / min to obtain drawn fibers.
• the surface of the drawn fiber was washed, degreased, and etched, and then a palladium catalyst was supported on the fiber surface, and copper plating was performed in a copper sulfate aqueous solution.
• the obtained conductive fibers were evaluated for total fineness, average single fiber diameter, average number of crimps, breaking strength, breaking elongation, volume resistivity, volume resistivity at 10% elongation, and electrical property stability against deformation. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
• Examples 2 and 3 Conductive fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the single-hole discharge amount in the spinning step was changed to 1.40 g / min in Example 2 and 0.56 g / min in Example 3. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained conductive fibers.
• Example 5 Conductive fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) "" Trecon “1200M” manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. was used as the polymer A. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained conductive fibers.
• PBT polybutylene terephthalate
• Example 6 In the spinning step, a conductive fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymer A was placed in a sheath and the polymer B was placed in a core to form an eccentric core-sheath type composite fiber having an eccentricity of 0.30. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained conductive fibers.
• Example 7 In the spinning process, only polymer A is spun using a hollow base (slit width 0.08 mm, slit diameter 0.8 mm, 3 slits), and then air-cooled using a uniflow type cooling device at a wind speed of 50 m / min. Then, conductive fibers were obtained by the same method as in Example 1 except that unstretched fibers having a difference in molecular orientation in the fiber cross-sectional direction were used. Table 3 shows the evaluation results of the obtained conductive fibers.
• Example 2 As the drawn fiber, a polyurethane elastic fiber "Lycra T-127" manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. was used, and copper plating was carried out by the same method as in Example 1 to obtain a conductive fiber. Table 3 shows the evaluation results of the obtained conductive fibers.
• Comparative Example 1 since the volume resistivity is high, electricity does not easily flow and the fan does not drive, and in Comparative Example 2, the metal layer on the surface is destroyed at the time of 10% elongation, the conductivity is remarkably lowered, and the rotation of the fan is stopped. Therefore, it was found that the electrical property stability against deformation was inferior.

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