WO2021246464A1 - 筒状体摺動構造物およびそれを一部に適用した伸縮可能な梯子 - Google Patents

筒状体摺動構造物およびそれを一部に適用した伸縮可能な梯子 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021246464A1
WO2021246464A1 PCT/JP2021/021098 JP2021021098W WO2021246464A1 WO 2021246464 A1 WO2021246464 A1 WO 2021246464A1 JP 2021021098 W JP2021021098 W JP 2021021098W WO 2021246464 A1 WO2021246464 A1 WO 2021246464A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tubular body
diameter
ladder
tubular
basic member
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2021/021098
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
隆 寺本
Original Assignee
特殊梯子製作所有限会社
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Priority to JP2022528881A priority Critical patent/JP7193197B2/ja
Publication of WO2021246464A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021246464A1/ja

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
    • E06C1/04—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees
    • E06C1/08—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees multi-part
    • E06C1/12—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees multi-part extensible, e.g. telescopic
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
    • E06C1/14—Ladders capable of standing by themselves
    • E06C1/16—Ladders capable of standing by themselves with hinged struts which rest on the ground
    • E06C1/20—Ladders capable of standing by themselves with hinged struts which rest on the ground with supporting struts formed as poles
    • E06C1/22—Ladders capable of standing by themselves with hinged struts which rest on the ground with supporting struts formed as poles with extensible, e.g. telescopic, ladder parts or struts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/06—Securing devices or hooks for parts of extensible ladders

Definitions

  • a sliding structure between tubular bodies that can slide until a predetermined state is reached, and a sliding structure between the tubular bodies are partially applied to expand and contract in the length direction.
  • a predetermined state is reached
  • a sliding structure between the tubular bodies are partially applied to expand and contract in the length direction.
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 are views showing an example of a structure in which tubular bodies are slidable and the length thereof can be expanded and contracted (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-072638). Both the structural examples of FIGS. 15 and 16 are examples of being incorporated as a cylindrical support body of a stretchable ladder in the prior art. 15 and 16 show a first cylindrical body 10 having a large diameter and a second tubular body 20 having a small diameter.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a first cylindrical body 10 having a large diameter is fixed and a second tubular body 20 having a small diameter slides downward.
  • the diameter of the first tubular body 10 is larger than that of the second tubular body 20.
  • the second tubular body 20 has an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the first tubular body 10, and is inserted into the first tubular body 10.
  • a squeezed portion is provided in a part of the first tubular body 10, and an inner bulging portion 11 is provided so as to bulge inside the inner wall surface.
  • a bulging portion is provided in a part of the second tubular body 20, and an outer bulging portion 21 is provided so as to bulge to the outside of the outer wall surface.
  • the inner bulging portion 11 and the outer bulging portion 21 can be moved downward until they are in contact with each other and are in a locked state, but when both are locked, the second tubular body with respect to the first tubular body 10 is formed.
  • the relative sliding of 20 stops.
  • the second cylindrical body 20 cannot move further downward and does not slip out to the lower side of the first tubular body 10.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the first tubular body 10 having a large diameter slides downward with respect to the second tubular body 20 having a small diameter.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a second cylindrical body 20 having a small diameter is fixed and a first cylindrical body 10 having a large diameter slides downward.
  • the first cylindrical body 10 has an inner diameter slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the second tubular body 20, and is extrapolated to the first tubular body 10.
  • a squeezed portion is provided in a part of the first tubular body 10, and the inner bulging portion 11 bulges inward of the inner wall surface.
  • a part of the second tubular body 20 is provided with an outer bulging portion 21 so as to bulge to the outside of the outer wall surface.
  • the inner bulging portion 11 and the outer bulging portion 21 can be moved downward until they are in contact with each other and are in a locked state, but when both are locked, the second tubular body with respect to the first tubular body 10 is formed.
  • the relative sliding of 20 stops. The first cylindrical body 10 cannot move further downward and does not slip out to the lower side of the second tubular body 20.
  • a telescopic ladder is a ladder that is in a shortened storage state in normal times, but is dynamically expanded and put into a used state when it is used, and is returned to the shortened storage state when the use of the ladder is completed.
  • a work suspension ladder that is hung at a hanging point during work, or an emergency such as a building or train that requires customers to evacuate to the outside.
  • an evacuation means for evacuating downward there is an evacuation hanging ladder suspended at a hanging point.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating problems that may occur in the structure shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 17 is an example in which the first cylindrical body 10 having a large diameter is fixed and the second tubular body 20 having a small diameter slides downward.
  • a large gravity may be applied.
  • the bulge of the inner bulging portion 11 of the first tubular body may be crushed and the diameter may be expanded.
  • the bulge of the outer bulging portion 21 of the second tubular body may be crushed and the diameter may be reduced.
  • the diameters of either or both of them change to some extent, the locking between the first cylindrical body 10 and the second tubular body 20 does not work, and the outer bulging portion of the second tubular body 20 21 may pass through and slip out to the lower side. If the second cylindrical body 20 is not locked and slips out downward with respect to the fixed first tubular body 10, a problem occurs in which the entire second tubular body 20 falls.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating problems that may occur in the structure shown in FIG. FIG. 18 is an example in which the second tubular body 20 having a small inner diameter is fixed and the first tubular body 10 having a large outer diameter slides downward.
  • a large amount of gravity may be applied. If a large weight is applied to the inner bulging portion 11 due to the pressure received from the outer bulging portion 21, the bulging of the inner bulging portion 11 of the first tubular body 10 may be crushed and the diameter may be expanded.
  • the bulge of the outer bulging portion 21 of the second tubular body may be crushed and the diameter may be reduced. If the diameter of either or both of them changes to some extent, the locking with the second tubular body 10 does not work, and there is a possibility that the two will come out to the lower side.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in a tubular body sliding structure in which tubular bodies can slide and expand and contract, sliding between tubular bodies extended to a predetermined position.
  • the purpose is to secure the structural strength so that the structure that restricts the above has a large structural strength and the trouble of coming out does not occur.
  • a telescopic ladder that incorporates a sliding structure between cylindrical bodies that ensures its structural strength, ensures structural strength in the extended use state, and secures structural strength so that problems do not occur when it comes out.
  • the purpose is to provide.
  • the tubular body sliding structure of the present invention has a first tubular body and an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the first tubular body, and the first tubular body.
  • a second tubular body that can be inserted into the shaped body, a reduced diameter body provided on a part of the inner surface of the first tubular body and reducing the inner diameter of the inner wall surface, and the second tubular body.
  • Cylindrical body sliding characterized in that the diameter of the reduced diameter body is smaller than the diameter of the enlarged diameter body in a structure provided in a part of the above and provided with an enlarged diameter body for increasing the outer diameter of the outer wall surface. It is a structure.
  • the materials of the first tubular body and the second tubular body, and the materials of the reduced diameter body and the expanded diameter body are not limited, but for example, the first tubular body and the second tubular body are used. It can be made of a metal material and either or both of a reduced diameter body and an enlarged diameter body can be made of a resin material.
  • the reduced diameter body is attached as an adduct to a part of the inner surface of the first tubular body, and the enlarged diameter body is attached to a part of the outer surface of the second tubular body as an adduct. It is preferable to have a structure in which the diameters of both are not easily crushed.
  • One or more concave-convex fitting structures that can be fitted are provided on the inner peripheral side of the inner surface of the first tubular body and the outer peripheral side of the reduced diameter body, and both are fitted to each other via the concave-convex fitting structure. It shall be attached.
  • One or more concave-convex fitting structures that can be fitted are provided on the outer peripheral side of the second tubular body and the inner peripheral side of the enlarged diameter body, and both are fitted and attached to each other via the concave-convex fitting structure. It shall be. Due to this uneven fitting structure, the first tubular body and the second tubular body, which are originally tubular bodies, have the original straight wall thickness, and the reduced diameter body and the enlarged diameter body are firmly strengthened as additional structures. Since it is attached, it is possible to obtain an upper mechanical structural strength that does not easily deform.
  • a female screw screw structure is provided on at least a part of the inner peripheral side of the inner surface of the first cylindrical body, and a male screw screw structure is provided on the outer peripheral side of the reduced diameter body.
  • the reduced diameter body is attached by screwing at a predetermined position on the inner surface of the first tubular body.
  • a male screw-thread structure is provided on at least a part of the outer peripheral side of the outer surface of the second tubular body, and a female screw-thread structure is provided on the inner peripheral side of the diameter-expanded body.
  • the diameter-expanding body is attached by screwing at a predetermined position on the outer surface of the second tubular body.
  • This screwed structure is also strong, and the first tubular body and the second tubular body, which are originally tubular bodies, have the original straight wall thickness, but the reduced diameter body and the enlarged diameter body are added as additional structures. Since it is firmly attached, it is possible to obtain an upper mechanical structural strength that does not easily deform.
  • the set position can be freely adjusted back and forth, and the telescopic ladder to which the tubular sliding structure described later is partially applied. The width of each step can be adjusted as desired.
  • a taper can be provided in the contact direction at the edge where the reduced diameter body and the expanded diameter body come into contact with each other. Assuming that each taper meshes with each other as a taper shape, the taper abuts as the first tubular body and the second tubular body slide, so that the taper meshes with each other. Since the other taper slips into the bottom, the edge of the edge is not crushed, and the contact between the two ensures locking.
  • the inner diameter of the reduced diameter body which is the size that can be originally passed while the first tubular body and the second tubular body are sliding, and the second diameter.
  • the outer diameter of the part of the tubular body in which the enlarged diameter body is not provided is creaking and difficult to pass through, or the outer diameter of the enlarged diameter body, which is the size that can be passed originally, and the contraction of the first tubular body.
  • the first pattern has the above-mentioned first tubular body and the second tubular body as a basic structure, the second tubular body is supported, and the first tubular body is the second. It is extrapolated from the upper side with respect to the tubular body, and the reduced diameter body of the first tubular body cannot pass through the enlarged diameter body of the second tubular body, and due to the contact between the reduced diameter body and the enlarged diameter body. If the first tubular body can be locked to the second tubular body, it can be regarded as a basic member of the telescopic ladder.
  • the stretchable ladder to which the tubular body sliding structure, which is the first pattern, is partially applied is a pair of tubular bodies arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval and the tubular body.
  • a ladder basic member provided with a cross rail provided between the two ladders is used as a basic unit, and the ladder basic members are sequentially and slidably connected in a nested state in the direction of the cylinder axis of the tubular body. It has a shortened storage state in which the basic member is slid and stored, and an extended use state in which the ladder basic member is slid and extended, and the ladder basic member in each stage slides and extends downward to be in the extended use state.
  • the reduced diameter body is provided near the upper part of the tubular body of the ladder basic member of the current stage, and the ladder on the upper stage side.
  • the diameter-expanding body is provided near the lower part of the tubular body of the basic member so that the first tubular body and the second tubular body are in a relationship of each other.
  • the ladder basic member is slidable up and down, and is a telescopic ladder that can be extended until the diameter-reduced body and the diameter-expanded body come into contact with each other.
  • the second pattern has the above-mentioned first tubular body and the second tubular body as a basic structure, and the first tubular body is in a supported state, and the second tubular body is supported. It is inserted from above with respect to the first tubular body, and the expanded body of the second tubular body cannot pass through the reduced diameter body of the first tubular body, so that the reduced diameter body and the expanded diameter body of the second tubular body cannot pass through. If the second tubular body can be locked to the first tubular body by abutting, it can be regarded as a basic member of the telescopic ladder. That is, the stretchable ladder to which the tubular sliding structure, which is the second pattern, is partially applied is a stretchable ladder to which the tubular sliding structure is partially applied.
  • the basic unit is a ladder basic member provided with a pair of tubular bodies arranged in parallel with each other at predetermined intervals and a cross rail provided between the tubular bodies, and the ladder basic members are formed into the tubular shape. It is connected in a slidable manner in a nested state in the direction of the cylinder axis of the body, and has a shortened storage state in which the ladder basic member is slid and stored and an extended use state in which the ladder basic member is slid and extended. In a stretchable ladder in which the ladder basic members of each stage slide and extend downward to reach the extended use state and can change from the extended use state to the shortened storage state, the ladder basic member of the current stage is used.
  • the reduced diameter body is provided near the lower portion of the tubular body of the member, and the enlarged diameter body is provided near the upper portion of the tubular body of the ladder basic member on the upper stage side.
  • the ladder basic member of the current stage can be slid up and down with respect to the ladder basic member on the upper stage side, until the diameter-reduced body and the diameter-expanded body come into contact with each other. It becomes a telescopic ladder that can be extended.
  • the lock mechanism that temporarily fixes the ladder basic members to each other so as not to slide, and the lock mechanism that is unlocked by an external operation are released. It is preferable to have a structure provided with an unlocking mechanism that allows the basic members of the ladder on the current stage and the lower stage to be slidable with each other.
  • the tubular sliding structure of the present invention by attaching the enlarged diameter body and the reduced diameter body to the first tubular body and the second tubular body, it is possible to firmly support each of them so as not to be crushed.
  • the locking structure that restricts the sliding of the tubular bodies has a large structural strength, and it is possible to secure the structural strength that does not cause a problem that the tubular bodies come out.
  • the telescopic ladder of the present invention when the ladder main body is unfolded, the ladder basic members slide against each other and unfold, and the structural strength of the sliding structure between the respective ladder basic members increases. It is possible to secure the structural strength that does not cause a problem that the basic ladder member comes off.
  • the rear view (the surface facing the wall surface side of the work place) of the telescopic ladder 100 in the extended use state which concerns on Example 3 is shown. It is a figure explaining the procedure of expanding the telescopic ladder 100 in the shortened storage state from the shortened storage state, and putting it into the extended use state. It is a figure explaining the procedure of collecting the telescopic ladder 100 in the extended use state, and changing it into the shortened storage state. It is a figure which shows the mechanism which locks by the lock mechanism 130 of the joint part of the ladder basic member 101 at the time of unfolding of a telescopic ladder 100. It is a figure which shows the mechanism of unlocking the lock mechanism 130 by the lock release mechanism 140 at the time of collecting a telescopic ladder 100. FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a first cylindrical body 10 having a large diameter is fixed and a second tubular body 20 having a small diameter slides downward in the prior art. It is a figure explaining an example in which the 1st tubular body 10 with a large diameter slides downward with respect to the 2nd tubular body 20 with a small diameter in the prior art. It is a figure explaining the problem which may occur in the structure shown in FIG. It is a figure explaining the problem which may occur in the structure shown in FIG.
  • the first embodiment describes the basic structure of a cylindrical sliding structure.
  • the telescopic ladder having a pattern structure in which the diameter of the tubular body increases toward the bottom will be described.
  • Example 3 describes a telescopic ladder having a pattern structure in which the diameter of the tubular body becomes smaller as it goes down, among the telescopic ladders in which the tubular body sliding structure is partially incorporated.
  • a locking mechanism and an unlocking mechanism for temporarily fixing the sliding of the cylindrical body when the telescopic ladder in which the sliding structure of the tubular body is partially incorporated are in an extended use state are provided. The provided structure will be described.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first tubular body 110-1 having a reduced diameter body 111 having a smaller inner diameter and an enlarged diameter body 112 having a larger outer diameter among the tubular body sliding structures 100 according to the first embodiment. It is a figure which shows typically the basic structural example of the 2nd tubular body 110-2 which has.
  • FIG. 1A is a diagram showing a part of the structure of the first cylindrical body 110-1 taken out from the vicinity of the reduced diameter body 111.
  • a reduced diameter body 111 is provided in a part of the structure of the first tubular body 110-1, and in this configuration example, the inside of the first tubular body 110-1 is provided.
  • a reduced diameter body 111 is attached to a part of the circumference. That is, the inner diameter of the first tubular body 110-1 and the outer diameter of the reduced diameter body 111 match, and the first tubular body 110-1 is firmly attached.
  • the mounting method is not limited, but mounting examples will be described later.
  • the second tubular body 110-2 passes through the inside of the first tubular body 110-1. At that time, the inner diameter is reduced only in the vicinity of the reduced diameter body 111. Assuming that the inner diameter of the first tubular body 110-1 is R1 and the inner diameter of the reduced diameter body 111 is r1, there is a relationship of r1 ⁇ R1.
  • the material of the first tubular body 110-1 may be made of metal or rigid plastic. Further, the material of the reduced diameter body 111 may be made of metal or rigid plastic.
  • FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a part of the structure of the second tubular body 110-2, of which the vicinity of the enlarged diameter body 112 is taken out.
  • a diameter-expanding body 112 is provided in a part of the structure of the second tubular body 110-1, and in this configuration example, the outer circumference of the second tubular body 110-2 is provided.
  • a diameter-expanding body 112 is attached to a part of the above. That is, the outer diameter of the second tubular body 110-2 and the inner diameter of the enlarged diameter body 112 match and are firmly attached.
  • the mounting method is not limited, but mounting examples will be described later.
  • the diameter-expanding body 112 is attached to a part of the outer circumference of the second tubular body 110-2, when the second tubular body 110-2 passes through the inside of the first tubular body 110-1.
  • the outer diameter is increased only in the vicinity of the enlarged diameter body 112. Assuming that the outer diameter of the second tubular body 110-2 is R2 and the outer diameter of the enlarged diameter body 112 is r2, there is a relationship of R2 ⁇ r2.
  • the material of the second tubular body 110-2 may be made of metal or rigid plastic. Further, the material of the enlarged diameter body 112 may be made of metal or rigid plastic.
  • the relative movement of the first cylindrical body 110-1 and the second tubular body 110-2 and the relative movement limitation due to the contact between the reduced diameter body 111 and the enlarged diameter body 112 arranged on both of them are restricted.
  • the first pattern the second cylindrical body 110-2 having a small diameter is fixed, and the first tubular body 110-1 having a large diameter is slid and locked so as to cover it from top to bottom.
  • the second pattern is a combination pattern in which the first cylindrical body 110-1 having a large diameter is fixed and the second tubular body 110-2 having a small diameter is slid from top to bottom to be locked. Is.
  • FIG. 2 shows how the reduced diameter body 111 and the enlarged diameter body 112 come into contact with each other when the second tubular body 110-2 passes through the inside of the first tubular body 110-1 according to the first pattern.
  • the second cylindrical body 110-2 is supported and fixed, and the first tubular body 110-1 is described as an example of moving from the top to the bottom, but the opposite relationship is given. However, the contacting relationship is the same.
  • the first cylindrical body 110-1 is put on the second tubular body 110-2, and the second cylinder is inside the first tubular body 110-1.
  • the reduced diameter body 111 and the enlarged diameter body 112 eventually come into contact with each other, as shown in FIG. 2 (b).
  • the relationship between the diameters of each member is organized.
  • the relationship between the inner diameter r1 of the reduced diameter body 111 and the outer diameter r2 of the enlarged diameter body 112 is r1 ⁇ r2.
  • the relationship between the inner diameter R1 of the first cylindrical body 110-1 and the outer diameter R2 of the second tubular body 110-2 is as follows. R2 ⁇ r1 ⁇ r2 ⁇ R1
  • R2 ⁇ r1 ⁇ r2 ⁇ R1 since a large frictional force is actually generated unless the mechanical margin is actually taken, the relationship that R2 ⁇ r1 ⁇ r2 ⁇ R1 is actually preferable.
  • the thickness D1 which can be said to be the wall thickness of the reduced diameter body 111, has an absolute value and is
  • the thickness D2, which can be said to be the wall thickness of the enlarged diameter body 111, is r2-R2, but in the configuration example of FIG. 2B, D1 ⁇ D2. That is, in FIG. 2B, the thickness D1 of the reduced diameter body 111 and the thickness D2 of the enlarged diameter body 112 are in contact with each other over the entire surface, and both are firmly locked to each other. In this way, even if the first tubular body 110-1 tries to move downward, the second tubular body 110-2 inside is supported upward, and the enlarged diameter body 112 there is supported.
  • the reduced diameter body 111 cannot pass through the outer diameter, and both are locked to each other, so that the first tubular body 110-1 cannot move downward. As a result, the first cylindrical body 110-1 and the second tubular body 110-2 cannot move relative to each other, and both are fixed.
  • the first tubular body 110-1 having a large diameter is fixed by the second pattern, and the second tubular body 110-2 passes through the inside of the first tubular body 110-1.
  • FIG. 3 shows the state which the diameter-reducing body 111 and the diameter-expanding body 112 come into contact with each other.
  • the first cylindrical body 110-1 is supported and fixed, and the second tubular body 110-2 moves from the top to the bottom.
  • the contacting relationship is the same.
  • the second tubular body 110-2 is inserted into the first tubular body 110-1, and the inside of the first tubular body 110-1 is the first.
  • R2 ⁇ r1 ⁇ r2 ⁇ R1 Similar to the first pattern, in the above equation, a large frictional force is actually generated unless a physical mechanical margin is taken, so that the relationship of actually R2 ⁇ r1 ⁇ r2 ⁇ R1 is preferable.
  • the thickness D1 which can be said to be the wall thickness of the reduced diameter body 111 is also
  • , and the thickness D2 which can be said to be the wall thickness of the enlarged diameter body 111 is also r2-R2.
  • the outer diameter of 112 cannot pass through, and both are locked to each other, so that the second tubular body 110-2 cannot move downward relative to each other. As a result, the first cylindrical body 110-1 and the second tubular body 110-2 cannot move relative to each other, and both are fixed.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram briefly showing a mounting method by a fitting method.
  • FIG. 4A is a diagram showing a state in which the reduced diameter body 111 is attached to the first tubular body 110-1 by fitting. The state in which the first tubular body 110-1 and the reduced diameter body 111 are fitted is shown on the right side, and there is an enlarged view of the fitted portion on the left side.
  • FIG. 4A is an example in which fitting is performed at four points very easily.
  • Four recesses are provided on the wall surface of the first tubular body 110-1. In this example, a cylindrical hole orthogonal to the side wall surface is provided.
  • the reduced diameter body 111 is provided with four convex portions on the outer peripheral wall.
  • the shapes of the concave portion on the wall surface of the first tubular body 110-1 and the convex portion of the reduced diameter body 111 match each other. Therefore, both are fitted and fixed by fitting the convex portion of the reduced diameter body 111 into the concave portion of the wall surface of the first tubular body 110-1.
  • the shapes of the concave portions and the convex portions to be fitted to each other may be fitted to each other, and are not limited to the cylindrical shape. Further, the number and the position are not limited, and it is possible to set an arbitrary number at an arbitrary position as long as the two are fitted together.
  • FIG. 4B is a diagram showing a state in which the diameter-expanding body 112 is attached to the second tubular body 110-2 by fitting.
  • the state in which the second tubular body 110-2 and the diameter-expanding body 112 are fitted is shown on the right side, and there is an enlarged view of the fitted portion on the left side.
  • FIG. 4B shows an example in which fitting is performed at four locations very easily.
  • Four recesses are provided on the outer peripheral wall surface of the second tubular body 110-2.
  • a cylindrical hole orthogonal to the side wall surface is provided.
  • the diameter-expanding body 112 is provided with four convex portions on the inner peripheral wall.
  • the space between the inner wall surface of the first tubular body 110-2 and the outer wall surface of the reduced diameter body 111 is expanded with the outer wall surface of the second tubular body 110-2.
  • An adhesive may be applied between the inner wall surfaces of the diameter 112 to reinforce it with the adhesive.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram briefly showing a mounting method by a screwing method.
  • FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a state in which the reduced diameter body 111 is screwed to the first tubular body 110-1.
  • On the right side is a diagram showing the state before the reduced diameter body 111 is screwed into the first tubular body 110-1, and on the left side is a diagram showing the state of being screwed into the first tubular body 110-1.
  • FIG. 5A shows an example in which a female screw is provided on the inner circumference of the first cylindrical body 110-1.
  • a male screw is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the reduced diameter body 111.
  • FIG. 5B is a diagram showing a state in which the diameter-expanding body 112 is attached to the second tubular body 110-2 by screwing.
  • On the right side is a diagram showing the state before the diameter-expanding body 112 is screwed into the second tubular body 110-2, and on the left side is a diagram showing the state of being screwed into the second tubular body 110-2.
  • FIG. 5B shows an example in which a male screw is provided on the outer periphery of the second cylindrical body 110-2.
  • a female screw is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the enlarged diameter body 112.
  • the simplest shape is a plane in which the edge of the reduced diameter body 111 of the first tubular body 110-1 and the edge of the enlarged diameter body 112 of the second tubular body 110-2 are both orthogonal to the contact direction.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of how to attach the taper angle of the diameter reducing body 111 and the diameter expanding body 112.
  • the tip of the edge shape of the reduced diameter body 111 of the first cylindrical body 110-1 protrudes toward the inner peripheral side and is in contact with the first tubular body 110-1. It is tapered so that it falls toward you.
  • the tip of the edge shape of the enlarged diameter 112 of the second cylindrical body 110-2 protrudes toward the outer peripheral side and tapers toward the side in contact with the second tubular body 110-2. Is attached.
  • FIG. 6A the enlarged diameter body 112 of the second tubular body 110-2 advances and approaches the reduced diameter body 111 of the first tubular body 110-1 in this state. It shows the situation.
  • FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a state in which the two are in contact with each other as they are. As shown in FIG. 6B, it can be understood that the edge of the reduced diameter body 111 and the edge of the enlarged diameter body 112 are in contact with each other so as to mesh with each other, and once meshed, they are firmly fixed.
  • the size of the taper angle is not limited, and various angles are possible.
  • first cylindrical body 110-1 and the second tubular body 110-2 have been described above, they can be applied as various members that slide with each other and perform relative movement.
  • the second embodiment is a telescopic ladder in which the tubular body sliding structure described in the first embodiment is partially incorporated, and the diameter of the tubular body of the ladder basic member increases toward the lower side.
  • the ladder will be described as an expandable and contractible hanging ladder that can be extended by suspending the ladder via a hook, but the expansion and contraction of the present invention can also be applied to a telescopic ladder that extends upward from the ground.
  • the ladder is not limited to the hanging type.
  • the ladder basic member 101 of the basic unit is composed of eight steps, and in terms of the number of cross rails, the ladder basic member 101 is provided in ten steps including the lowest step.
  • a grip portion 180 is provided on the upper portion of the tubular support body 110.
  • the tubular body 110 of the ladder basic member 101 combined in the vertical direction has a relationship with the upper ladder basic member 101, and the tubular body of the ladder basic member 101 of the current stage slides in FIG. 1 is the tubular body 110-1, and the tubular body of the upper ladder basic member 101 is the supported second tubular body 110-2 in FIG. 2, but in relation to the lower ladder basic member 101.
  • the tubular body of the ladder basic member 101 of the current stage becomes the supported second tubular body 110-2 in FIG.
  • the ladder basic member 101 has a structure including a pair of tubular support bodies 110 and a cross rail 120 provided between the tubular bodies 110.
  • a diameter-reduced body 111 is provided above the inner circumference
  • a diameter-expanded body 112 is provided below the outer circumference.
  • the diameter-reduced body 111 and the diameter-expanded body 112 are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the relationship of diameter is also satisfied as shown in Example 1. It has become.
  • the tubular column 110 is a pair of columns arranged in parallel with each other at predetermined intervals.
  • the material is preferably a light metal such as aluminum and has a strong structural strength.
  • the material of the reduced diameter body 111 and the enlarged diameter body 112 may be a rigid plastic resin material or a light metal such as aluminum.
  • a hook 170 is provided on the tubular support body 110 of the uppermost ladder basic member 101. Further, in this configuration example, the grip portion 180 extends upward from the position of the hook 170 at the height of the tubular support body 110 of the uppermost ladder basic member 101.
  • the cross rail 120 is a horizontally erected member provided between the tubular support bodies 110, and is a portion on which the operator puts his / her feet when going up and down.
  • the cross rail 120 is one step of the telescopic ladder 100.
  • the cross rails 120 are provided so as to connect the vicinity of the upper ends of the cylindrical support bodies 110 of the ladder basic member 101 to each other.
  • the material of the cross rail 120 is preferably a light metal such as aluminum and has a strong structural strength.
  • the cross rail 120 needs to have a certain degree of rigidity and strength. This is because mechanical strength is required to support the ascending and descending of the worker. In addition, since the worker may move up and down while carrying a load of some weight, it is necessary to withstand the load.
  • the length of the cross rail 120 in the lateral direction is not particularly limited, but if it is assumed that the workers move up and down one by one, a length of at least about the waist width of a human is required.
  • the hook 170 is a member that hooks the ladder body 110 in order to suspend it from the suspension location.
  • the shape of the hook 170 is not particularly limited as long as it is easy to hook, but in this configuration example, it has a U-shape and has a structure that makes it easy to hook to the edge of an opening such as a manhole. ..
  • the grip portion 180 is provided so that it can be easily moved up and down by using a ladder suspended at the hanging point. If the grip portion 180 is extended with the tubular support body 110 of the uppermost ladder basic member 101 facing upward, safety can be easily ensured and work efficiency is improved if the operator grips the grip portion 180. There is a merit.
  • the tubular portion of the tubular support body 110 of the ladder basic member 101 of the current stage is slidable with respect to the tubular portion of the tubular support body 110 of the lower ladder basic member 101, and can be moved in and out downward. By pulling it out, it becomes an extended state, and by pushing it upward, it becomes a shortened state.
  • the entire telescopic ladder 100 is in the shortened storage state, and when all the ladder basic members 101 of each stage are in the extended state, the entire telescopic ladder 100 is also in the extended state. Become.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a procedure for expanding the telescopic ladder 100 in the shortened storage state from the shortened storage state to the extended use state.
  • a worker or the like carries the telescopic ladder 100 of the present invention in a shortened storage state and carries it into a hanging place, and in the second embodiment at a hanging place such as the edge of a manhole which is a work place, via a hook 170.
  • the telescopic ladder 100 is suspended.
  • the worker suspends the telescopic ladder 100 via the hook 170.
  • the tubular bodies 110 slide against each other, start falling due to gravity, and extend downward.
  • the tubular body 110 of the uppermost ladder basic member 101 is supported via the hook 170, and functions as the second tubular body 110-2 in FIG. 2.
  • the tubular body 110 of the ladder basic member 101 in the lower step which is one step down, slides downward as the first tubular body 110-1 in FIG.
  • the reduced diameter body 111 cannot pass through the enlarged diameter body 112 and is abutted and locked, limiting the sliding. It is suspended and supported.
  • all the weights of the ladder basic members 101 from the second step to the eighth step from the top are temporarily applied to the reduced diameter body 111 above the tubular body 110 of the ladder basic member 101 of the second step from the top. Since the pressure is applied by being applied, structural strength is required so that the shape of the reduced diameter body 111 is not crushed.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a procedure for collecting the telescopic ladder 100 in the extended use state and changing it to the shortened storage state.
  • the worker slides upward from the lower ladder basic member from the state shown in FIG. 9A to shorten the time.
  • the lowermost step is the fixed cross rail 121, so the ladder is raised from the ladder basic member 101 on the next higher step.
  • the cylindrical body 110 of the ladder basic member 101 corresponds to the first cylindrical body 110-1 in FIG. 2, and the one upper cylindrical body is suspended from the second tubular body 110-2. It is supported.
  • the tubular body 110 of the ladder basic member 101 is pushed upward, the diameter-reducing body 111 and the diameter-expanding body 112 are disengaged, and the cylindrical body 110 slides upward as it is and rises.
  • the cross rail 120 eventually comes into contact with the cross rail 120 on the upper stage (third stage from the bottom), and the ladder basic member 101 can be pushed up together.
  • FIG. 9B is a diagram showing a state in the middle stage of shortening the telescopic ladder 100. If all the ladder basic members 101 are shortened, the telescopic ladder will be in the shortened storage state.
  • the weight of all the ladder basic members 101 below it is temporarily applied to the reduced diameter body 111 of the tubular body 110 of each stage.
  • a pressure is applied to the diameter-reduced body 111, but an outer tightening body 190 is attached to the outer periphery of the reduced-diameter body 111 of each stage, and the outer-tightening body 190 is firmly sandwiched from the outer peripheral side so that the shape of the reduced-diameter body 111 is not crushed. Structural strength is reinforced.
  • the third embodiment is a telescopic ladder having a pattern structure in which the diameter of the tubular body becomes smaller as it goes down, among the telescopic ladders in which the tubular body sliding structure shown in the first embodiment is partially incorporated. ..
  • the same parts as in Example 2 will be omitted here as appropriate.
  • FIG. 10 shows a rear view (a surface facing the wall surface side of the work place) of the telescopic ladder 100 in the extended use state according to the third embodiment.
  • the telescopic ladder 100 of the present invention has a ladder basic member 101 as a basic unit, and is a continuous combination of a plurality of ladders in the vertical direction.
  • the cross rail 120 has a shape in which the vicinity of the lower ends of the left and right cylindrical bodies 110 are connected to each other.
  • the ladder basic members 101 have a structure that allows them to slide in the vertical direction, and the telescopic ladder 100 as a whole is a telescopic type.
  • the ladder basic member 101 of the basic unit is composed of eight steps, and in terms of the number of cross rails, the ladder basic member 101 is provided in ten steps including the lowest step.
  • a grip portion 180 is provided on the upper portion of the tubular support body 110.
  • the tubular body 110 of the ladder basic member 101 combined in the vertical direction has a relationship with the upper ladder basic member 101, and the tubular body of the ladder basic member 101 of the current stage slides in FIG. 1 is the tubular body 110-1, and the tubular body of the ladder basic member 101 in the upper stage is the supported second tubular body 110-2 in FIG. Further, in relation to the lower ladder basic member 101, the tubular body of the current ladder basic member 101 becomes the supported second tubular body 110-2 in FIG. 3, and the cylinder of the upper ladder basic member 101.
  • the shape is the first sliding tubular body 110-1 in FIG. In this way, the tubular body of the same one ladder basic member 101 becomes the sliding first tubular body 110-1 shown in FIG. 3 in relation to the upper stage, and the support shown in FIG. 3 in relation to the lower stage. Care must be taken to understand that it becomes the second cylindrical body 110-2.
  • the ladder basic member 101 has a structure including a pair of tubular support bodies 110 and a cross rail 120 provided between the tubular bodies 110.
  • a diameter-reduced body 111 is provided below the inner circumference
  • a diameter-expanded body 112 is provided above the outer circumference.
  • the diameter-reduced body 111 and the diameter-expanded body 112 are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the relationship of diameter is also satisfied as shown in Example 1. It has become.
  • the cross rail 120 is provided so as to connect the vicinity of the lower ends of the tubular body 110 to each other.
  • Each ladder basic member 101 is provided from the uppermost ladder basic member 101 to the lowermost ladder basic member 101 so that the diameter of the cylindrical portion of the tubular support body 110 is sequentially reduced. They are nested and are sequentially connected so as to be slidable in the direction of the cylindrical axis of the cylindrical ladder 110. That is, the size of the tubular portion of the lower ladder basic member 101 directly below the tubular pillar 110 of the current ladder basic member 101 is one size smaller than that of the tubular pillar 110. It is nested.
  • the tubular portion of the tubular support body 110 of the ladder basic member 101 of the current stage can be slid in and out by interpolating into the tubular portion of the tubular support body 110 of the upper ladder basic member 101. By pulling it downward, it becomes an extended state, and by pushing it upward, it becomes a shortened state.
  • the entire telescopic ladder 100 is in the shortened storage state, and when all the ladder basic members 101 of each stage are in the extended state, the entire telescopic ladder 100 is also in the extended state. Become.
  • the worker suspends the telescopic ladder 100 via the hook 170.
  • the tubular bodies 110 slide against each other, start falling due to gravity, and extend downward.
  • the tubular body 110 of the uppermost ladder basic member 101 is suspended and supported via the hook 170, and functions as the first tubular body 110-1 in FIG.
  • the tubular body 110 of the ladder basic member 101 in the lower step which is one step down, slides downward as the second tubular body 110-2 in FIG.
  • the enlarged diameter body 112 cannot pass through the reduced diameter body 111 and is abutted and locked, and the sliding is restricted. It is suspended and supported.
  • FIG. 11B is a diagram showing a state in the middle of extending the telescopic ladder 100.
  • the ladder basic member 101 of each stage slides downward according to gravity, and in the process, the tubular body 110 of the ladder basic member 101 on the upper stage side to the tubular body 110 of the ladder basic member 101 on the lower stage side.
  • the enlarged diameter body 112 is locked by the reduced diameter body 111 inside, and the sliding of each stage is restricted.
  • the telescopic ladder is in the extended use state.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a procedure for collecting the telescopic ladder 100 in the extended use state and changing it to the shortened storage state.
  • the worker slides upward from the lower ladder basic member from the state shown in FIG. 12 (a) to shorten the time.
  • the lowermost step is the fixed cross rail 121, so the ladder is raised from the ladder basic member 101 on the next higher step.
  • the ladder basic member 101 tubular body 110 corresponds to the second tubular body 110-2 in FIG. 3, and the one upper cylindrical body is suspended and supported with respect to the first tubular body 110-1.
  • the tubular body 110 of the ladder basic member 101 on the second stage from the bottom is pushed upward, the flow is reversed in FIG. 3, the diameter-reducing body 111 and the diameter-expanding body 112 are unlocked, and slide upward as it is. And rise.
  • the cross rail 120 eventually comes into contact with the cross rail 120 on the upper stage (third stage from the bottom), and the ladder basic member 101 can be pushed up together.
  • the cylindrical body 110 of the ladder basic member 101 which is the third step from the bottom, becomes the second tubular body 110-2, slides upward and slides, and one step above (four steps from the bottom).
  • the tubular body 110 of the ladder basic member 101 of the eye is the first tubular body 110-1 which is suspended and supported. The slide due to such sliding and the contact with the cross rail 120 on the upper stage are interlocked, and the ladder basic member 101 is shortened and stored one after another from the bottom.
  • FIG. 12B is a diagram showing a state in the middle stage of shortening the telescopic ladder 100. If all the ladder basic members 101 are shortened, the telescopic ladder will be in the shortened storage state. As described above, in the sliding of the tubular body 110 of the ladder basic member 101, the weight of all the ladder basic members 101 below it is temporarily applied to the reduced diameter body 111 of the tubular body 110 of each stage. A pressure is applied to the outer diameter body 111, but an outer tightening body 190 is attached to the outer periphery of the reduced diameter body 111 of each stage, and the outer tightening body 190 is firmly sandwiched from the outer peripheral side so that the shape of the reduced diameter body 111 is not crushed. Structural strength is reinforced.
  • the lock mechanism 130 is a lock mechanism that temporarily locks the sliding of the ladder basic members 101 at the connecting portion between the ladder basic members 101 of each stage when the ladder basic member 101 is in the extended use state.
  • the lock release mechanism 140 is a mechanism that releases the locked state of the lock mechanism 130 triggered by an operation from the outside and makes the ladder basic members slidable to each other.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram briefly showing a mechanism in which the telescopic ladder 100 is locked by the locking mechanism 130 at the joint portion of the ladder basic member 101 when the telescopic ladder 100 is deployed.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram briefly showing a mechanism for unlocking the lock mechanism 130 by the unlock mechanism 140 of the joint portion of the ladder basic member 101 at the time of collecting the telescopic ladder 100. It should be noted that FIGS. 13 and 14 show a part of the tubular support body 110 facing the left end portion of the cross rail 120, and a part thereof is shown in a cross-sectional view so that the internal structure can be easily understood. ..
  • the size of the diameter of the cylindrical portion of the tubular strut 110 becomes larger toward the bottom, and the tubular strut 110 in the upper stage is nested into the tubular strut 110 in the current stage. It has become.
  • the right end of the cross rail 120 is also provided with a similar structure symmetrical with FIGS. 13 to 14.
  • a fitting pin 131 and an urging spring 132 that are urged so as to protrude are provided, and a part of the tubular support body 110 is provided with a part of the tubular support body 110.
  • the fitting hole 111 is formed.
  • the fitting pin 131 is urged on the left side, and when it comes to the position of the fitting hole 111, it protrudes and is formed so as to be insertable.
  • a lock release mechanism 140 is rotatably connected to a part of the fitting pin 131 via a rotary joint portion 143.
  • the operation of the fitting pin 131 is an operation of sliding in the left-right horizontal direction, but as shown in FIG. 13, the lock release mechanism 140 is an operation of rotating in a vertical plane via the rotating joint portion 143 and the rotating shaft 142. It is converted, and the lever structure 141 is rotated counterclockwise to project downward, or rotated clockwise to be retracted upward.
  • FIG. 13 (a) while the ladder basic member 101 is falling downward due to gravity, when the tip of the fitting pin 131 reaches the fitting hole 111, it is urged as shown in FIG. 13 (b).
  • the fitting pin 131 protrudes due to the urging force of the spring 132 and is fitted into the fitting hole 111. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13 (b), when the fitting pin 131 comes to the position where the fitting hole 111 is located, the fitting pin 131 protrudes due to the urging of the urging spring 132, and as shown in FIG. 13 (c), the fitting pin 131 protrudes.
  • the tip of the fitting pin 131 is fitted into the fitting hole 111, and the ladder basic member 101 is fixed so as not to be slidable in the extended use state.
  • FIG. 13 shows only the movement of one step of the cross rail, but while the telescopic ladder 100 causes the ladder basic member 101 of each step to fall due to gravity, FIG. 13 shows the cross rail 120 of each step. Locks by the lock mechanism 130 are applied one after another, and the extended use state is set.
  • the lock release mechanism 140 rotates clockwise around the rotation shaft 142, triggered by an operation in which the lever structure 141 is pushed upward from the outside, and the fitting pin 131.
  • the rotary joint portion 143 interlocked with the above moves to the center side as the action point of the lever, and the fitting pin 131 interlocks and slides to the center side, and as a result, the locked state of the lock mechanism 130 is released.
  • FIG. 14 (b) if the cross rail 120 in the lower stage rises from the bottom and collides with the lever structure 141, the above-mentioned operating lever structure 141 Is an operation that is pushed upward.
  • the tubular sliding structure of the present invention can be widely applied to various structures as a member that slides and expands and contracts.
  • the telescopic ladder of the present invention can be used as a telescopic ladder for work used in a work place such as a manhole, a telescopic ladder for evacuation to escape from a vehicle in an abnormal situation of a train vehicle, or an abnormality from a veranda such as an apartment or a hotel. It can be widely applied as a telescopic ladder for evacuation to evacuate from time to time.
  • Telescopic ladder 110 Cylindrical strut 111 Reduced diameter 112 Expanded diameter 120 Horizontal rail 130 Lock mechanism 140 Unlock mechanism 170 Hook 180 Grip

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)
PCT/JP2021/021098 2020-06-05 2021-06-02 筒状体摺動構造物およびそれを一部に適用した伸縮可能な梯子 WO2021246464A1 (ja)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5012596U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-06-04 1975-02-08
JPS50111999U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1974-02-22 1975-09-12
JPH08128289A (ja) * 1994-10-31 1996-05-21 Haruo Suzuki 避難用梯子
JP2006077535A (ja) * 2004-09-13 2006-03-23 Takashi Teramoto 手摺付き梯子
JP2019173466A (ja) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-10 特殊梯子製作所有限会社 伸縮可能な梯子

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08158626A (ja) * 1994-12-09 1996-06-18 Shuji Takase ベランダ取付用タラップにおける安全枠の連結構造

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5012596U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-06-04 1975-02-08
JPS50111999U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1974-02-22 1975-09-12
JPH08128289A (ja) * 1994-10-31 1996-05-21 Haruo Suzuki 避難用梯子
JP2006077535A (ja) * 2004-09-13 2006-03-23 Takashi Teramoto 手摺付き梯子
JP2019173466A (ja) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-10 特殊梯子製作所有限会社 伸縮可能な梯子

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