WO2021241161A1 - 放熱構造体およびそれを備えるバッテリー - Google Patents
放熱構造体およびそれを備えるバッテリー Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021241161A1 WO2021241161A1 PCT/JP2021/017465 JP2021017465W WO2021241161A1 WO 2021241161 A1 WO2021241161 A1 WO 2021241161A1 JP 2021017465 W JP2021017465 W JP 2021017465W WO 2021241161 A1 WO2021241161 A1 WO 2021241161A1
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- heat
- heat radiating
- heat dissipation
- support plate
- conductive sheet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/42—Fillings or auxiliary members in containers or encapsulations selected or arranged to facilitate heating or cooling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
- H01M10/643—Cylindrical cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
- H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/651—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by parameters specified by a numeric value or mathematical formula, e.g. ratios, sizes or concentrations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
- H01M10/6555—Rods or plates arranged between the cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
- H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20263—Heat dissipaters releasing heat from coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20218—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant without phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20272—Accessories for moving fluid, for expanding fluid, for connecting fluid conduits, for distributing fluid, for removing gas or for preventing leakage, e.g. pumps, tanks or manifolds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
- H01L23/367—Cooling facilitated by shape of device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/46—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids
- H01L23/473—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids by flowing liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat dissipation structure and a battery including the heat dissipation structure.
- Control systems for automobiles, aircraft, ships or household or commercial electronic devices are becoming more accurate and complex, and the density of small electronic components on circuit boards is increasing. .. As a result, it is strongly desired to solve the failure and shortening of the life of electronic components due to heat generation around the circuit board.
- the circuit board itself has traditionally been made of a material with excellent heat dissipation, and a single or multiple means such as attaching a heat sink or driving a cooling fan have been used. It is done.
- a method in which the circuit board itself is made of a material having excellent heat dissipation, such as diamond, aluminum nitride (AlN), cubic boron nitride (cBN), etc. makes the cost of the circuit board extremely high.
- the arrangement of the cooling fan causes a problem that a rotating device called a fan fails, maintenance is required to prevent the failure, and it is difficult to secure an installation space.
- the heat radiating fin is a simple one that can increase the surface area and further improve the heat radiating property by forming a large number of columnar or flat plate-shaped projecting portions using a metal having high thermal conductivity (for example, aluminum). Since it is a member, it is generally used as a heat dissipation component (see Patent Document 1).
- the rubber sheet has lower thermal conductivity than aluminum or graphite, it is difficult to efficiently transfer heat from the battery cell to the housing.
- a method of sandwiching a spacer such as graphite instead of a rubber sheet is also conceivable, but since the lower surfaces of a plurality of battery cells are not flat and have steps, a gap is created between the battery cells and the spacer, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved. descend.
- the battery cell can take various forms (including unevenness such as a step or a non-smooth surface state), it can be adapted to various forms of the battery cell and has high heat transfer efficiency. There is a growing demand for realization.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, is adaptable to various forms of heat sources, is highly elastically deformable, has excellent heat dissipation efficiency, and enhances uniform heat dissipation in each of a plurality of heat sources. Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a heat dissipation structure capable of improving productivity, and a battery provided with the heat dissipation structure.
- the heat dissipation structure is a heat dissipation structure including a plurality of heat dissipation members for enhancing heat dissipation from a heat source and a support plate for supporting the plurality of heat dissipation members.
- the heat radiating member includes a plurality of cushion members having a hollow or solid shape, and a heat conductive sheet that is a sheet for transferring heat from the heat source and covers the outer surface of the cushion member.
- the support plate is provided with a plurality of grooves for supporting the heat radiating member along a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the heat radiating member, and the groove portion is curved so as to open the heat radiating member side and dent in the thickness direction.
- the support plate may include at least one or more flow paths through which the cooling medium flows in the longitudinal direction.
- the flow path may preferably be a gangway that penetrates the support plate.
- the support plate may preferably be a metal plate-shaped member.
- the heat radiating member may preferably be a cylindrical member having a hollow portion along the longitudinal direction.
- the cushion member is a tubular cushion member having the hollow portion in the longitudinal direction, and the heat conductive sheet is the tubular cushion member.
- the outer side surface may be wound in a spiral shape in the longitudinal direction.
- the heat conductive sheet and the cushion member may have a form in which the heat conductive sheet and the cushion member integrally travel in one direction in a spiral shape.
- the heat radiating structure according to another embodiment preferably has a heat conductive oil on the surface of the heat conductive sheet for enhancing heat conductivity from a heat source in contact with the surface to the surface. May be.
- the heat conductive oil has a higher heat conductivity than the silicone oil and the silicone oil, and is composed of one or more of metal, ceramics or carbon. It may contain a sex filler.
- the battery according to one embodiment is a battery having one or more battery cells as heat sources in a housing, and any of the above-mentioned batteries is provided between the battery cells and the housing. It is equipped with a heat dissipation structure.
- the present invention is adaptable to various forms of a heat source, has abundant elastic deformability, has excellent heat dissipation efficiency, enhances uniform heat dissipation in each of a plurality of heat sources, and improves productivity.
- a heat dissipation structure capable of being provided, and a battery comprising the same can be provided.
- FIG. 1 shows a plan view of the heat dissipation structure according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1 and an enlarged view of a part C thereof.
- FIG. 3 shows a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows the heat dissipation structure according to the second embodiment in the same view as that of FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows a diagram for explaining a manufacturing process of a heat radiating member constituting the heat radiating structure.
- FIG. 6 shows a diagram for explaining a manufacturing process of a support plate constituting the heat dissipation structure according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 shows a diagram for explaining a suitable manufacturing process of a modified example of the heat radiating member constituting the heat radiating structure.
- FIG. 8 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of a battery including a heat dissipation structure.
- FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view when the battery cell is laid horizontally so as to be in contact with the side surface of the battery cell on the heat radiating structure, a partially enlarged view thereof, and a partial cross-sectional view when the battery cell expands during charging and discharging. Each is shown.
- 1,1a ... heat dissipation structure 10,10a ... support plate, 15 ... groove, 17,17a ... through path, 20,20a ... heat dissipation member, 21 ... heat conduction sheet , 22 ... Cushion member, 23, 23a ... Hollow part, 40 ... Battery, 41 ... Housing, 43 ... Flow path, 45 ... Cooling medium, 50 ... Battery cell (Example of heat source), R1 ... Radius of curvature of the heat radiating member, R2 ... Radius of curvature of the groove, T ... Depth of the groove, D ... Circular equivalent diameter of the heat radiating member.
- FIG. 1 shows a plan view of the heat dissipation structure according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1 and an enlarged view of a part C thereof.
- FIG. 3 shows a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
- the heat source is arranged above the paper surface of FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the heat radiating structure 1 includes 10 heat radiating members 20, but the number of heat radiating members 20 is not particularly limited. The same applies to the subsequent embodiments.
- the heat dissipation structure 1 is a member including a plurality of heat dissipation members 20 for enhancing heat dissipation from a heat source, and a support plate 10 for supporting the plurality of heat dissipation members 20.
- the heat radiating member 20 includes a plurality of cushion members 22 having a hollow or solid shape, and a heat conductive sheet 21 which is a sheet for transferring heat from a heat source and covers the outer surface of the cushion member 22.
- the support plate 10 is provided with a plurality of groove portions 15 for supporting the heat radiating member 20 along a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the heat radiating member 20 (left-right direction in FIG. 1).
- the groove portion 15 is a curved groove portion that opens the heat radiating member 20 side and is recessed in the thickness direction.
- the groove portion 15 is formed so that its radius of curvature R2 is larger than the radius of curvature R1 of the heat radiation member 20 and its depth T is smaller than the circle-converted diameter D of the heat radiation member 20 (see FIG. 2).
- the heat radiating member 20 may be referred to as a "heat conduction member” or a "heat transfer member”.
- the "radius of curvature” means the radius of a perfect circle that best approximates the bending of the curve in the cross section when the heat radiating member 20 and the groove portion 15 are cut perpendicular to the longitudinal direction thereof.
- the "circle-equivalent diameter” means the diameter of a perfect circle having the same area as the area of the cross section of the pipe when the heat radiating member 20 is cut perpendicular to the longitudinal direction thereof.
- the heat conductive sheet 21 is preferably a sheet having a shape that advances while being wound in a spiral shape.
- the heat conductive sheet 21 is not limited to its constituent material, but is preferably a sheet containing carbon, and more preferably 90% by mass or more of carbon.
- a graphite film made by firing a resin can be used for the heat conductive sheet 21.
- the heat conductive sheet 21 may be a sheet containing carbon and a resin.
- the resin may be synthetic fiber, and in that case, aramid fiber can be preferably used as the resin.
- the term "carbon” as used in the present application is broadly defined to include any structure consisting of carbon (element symbol: C) such as graphite, carbon black having lower crystallinity than graphite, diamond, and diamond-like carbon having a structure similar to diamond. Is interpreted as.
- the heat conductive sheet 21 can be a thin sheet obtained by curing a material in which graphite fibers and carbon particles are mixed and dispersed in a resin.
- the heat conductive sheet 21 may be carbon fiber knitted in a mesh shape, and may be blended or knitted.
- various fillers such as graphite fiber, carbon particles or carbon fiber are all included in the concept of carbon filler.
- the resin may exceed 50% by mass or 50% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the heat conductive sheet 21. .. That is, it does not matter whether or not the heat conductive sheet 21 uses resin as the main material as long as there is no great problem in heat conduction.
- a thermoplastic resin can be preferably used.
- the thermoplastic resin a resin having a high melting point that does not melt when conducting heat from a heat source is preferable, and for example, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyamideimide (PAI), and fragrance.
- Group polyamide (aramid fiber) and the like can be preferably mentioned.
- the resin is dispersed in the gaps between the carbon fillers, for example, in the form of particles or fibers in the state before molding of the heat conductive sheet 21.
- Heat conductive sheet 21, other carbon fillers, resins, as a filler for enhancing the thermal conductivity may be dispersed Al 2 O 3, AlN or diamond.
- an elastomer that is more flexible than the resin may be used.
- the heat conductive sheet 21 can also be a sheet containing metals and / or ceramics in place of or with carbon as described above.
- the metal a metal having a relatively high thermal conductivity such as aluminum, copper, and an alloy containing at least one of them can be selected.
- ceramics ceramics having relatively high thermal conductivity such as Al 2 O 3 , AlN, cBN, and hBN can be selected.
- the thermal conductivity of the heat conductive sheet 21 is preferably 10 W / mK or more.
- the heat conductive sheet 21 is preferably a film made of graphite, and is made of a material having excellent heat conductivity and conductivity.
- the heat conductive sheet 21 is preferably a sheet having excellent bendability (or flexibility), and the thickness thereof is not limited, but 0.02 to 3 mm is preferable, and 0.03 to 0.5 mm is more preferable.
- the thermal conductivity of the heat conductive sheet 21 decreases in the thickness direction as the thickness increases, but the heat transmission amount increases as the thickness increases, so that the strength, flexibility and heat conductivity of the sheet are improved. It is preferable to determine the thickness in a comprehensive manner.
- cushion member 22 The important functions of the cushion member 22 are deformability and resilience. Resilience depends on elastic deformability. Deformability is a characteristic necessary to follow the shape of the heat source, and in particular, a battery cell that contains semi-solid materials such as lithium-ion batteries and contents that also have liquid properties in a deformable package. In the case of, there are many cases where the design dimensions are irregular or the dimensional accuracy cannot be improved. Therefore, it is important to maintain the deformability of the cushion member 22 and the resilience for maintaining the following force.
- the cushion member 22 is a tubular cushion member provided with a hollow portion 23 in the longitudinal direction of the heat radiating member 20.
- the cushion member 22 improves the contact between the heat conductive sheet 21 and the heat source even when the heat source in contact with the heat conductive sheet 21 is not flat.
- the hollow portion 23 has a function of facilitating the deformation of the cushion member 22, contributing to the weight reduction of the heat radiating structure 1, and enhancing the contact between the heat conductive sheet 21 and the heat source.
- the cushion member 22 also has a function as a protective member for preventing the heat conductive sheet 21 from being damaged by a load applied to the heat conductive sheet 21.
- the cushion member 22 is a member having a lower thermal conductivity than the heat conductive sheet 21.
- the hollow portion 23 is formed in a circular cross-sectional shape, but the cross-sectional shape of the hollow portion 23 is not limited to a circle, for example, a polygon, an ellipse, a semicircle, and a rounded apex. It may be a substantially polygonal shape. Further, the hollow portion 23 may be composed of a plurality of hollow portions, for example, two hollow portions having a semicircular cross section whose cross-sectional circular shape is divided into two vertically or horizontally. The cushion member 22 may have a solid shape without the hollow portion 23.
- the cushion member 22 is preferably a thermosetting elastomer such as silicone rubber, urethane rubber, isoprene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, natural rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber, nitrile rubber (NBR) or styrene butadiene rubber (SBR); urethane-based , Ester-based, styrene-based, olefin-based, butadiene-based, fluorine-based and other thermoplastic elastomers, or composites thereof.
- the cushion member 22 is preferably made of a material having high heat resistance that can maintain its shape without being melted or decomposed by the heat transmitted through the heat conductive sheet 21.
- the cushion member 22 is more preferably made of a urethane-based elastomer impregnated with silicone or a silicone rubber.
- the cushion member 22 may be configured by dispersing a filler typified by Al 2 O 3 , AlN, cBN, hBN, diamond particles, or the like in rubber in order to enhance its thermal conductivity as much as possible.
- the cushion member 22 may contain bubbles or may not contain bubbles.
- the "cushion member” means a member that is highly flexible and can be elastically deformed so as to be in close contact with the surface of a heat source, and in this sense, it can be read as a "rubber-like elastic body".
- the cushion member 22 can be made of spring steel. Further, it is also possible to arrange a coil spring as the cushion member 22. Further, the spirally wound metal may be made of spring steel and arranged on the annular back surface of the heat conductive sheet 21 as a cushion member. Further, the cushion member 22 can be made of a sponge or a solid (a structure that is not porous like a sponge) formed of resin, rubber, or the like.
- the support plate 10 is preferably a plate-shaped member made of metal.
- the support plate 10 is more preferably composed of aluminum, copper, an alloy containing at least one of them, or the like having relatively high thermal conductivity.
- the support plate 10 may contain a resin and / or ceramics, or may be made of a resin and / or ceramics instead of the metal. Examples of the resin and ceramics include the same materials as the constituent materials of the heat conductive sheet 21 described above.
- the support plate 10 preferably includes a support substrate 11 having a plurality of groove portions 15 for supporting the heat radiating member 20, and a bottom plate 12.
- the support substrate 11 preferably has a plurality of groove portions 15 arranged on a surface facing the heat source along a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the heat radiating member 20 (left-right direction in FIG. 2) and a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. It is provided with a plurality of notches 18 arranged on a surface facing the bottom plate 12 along the line (see FIG. 7 described later).
- the groove portion 15 is a curved groove portion that opens the heat radiating member 20 side (heat source side) and is recessed in the thickness direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2).
- the cutout portion 18 is preferably a groove portion that is cut out in a rectangular shape in the thickness direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2) by opening the bottom plate 12 side.
- the cutout portion 18 is preferably formed so as to penetrate in the longitudinal direction (the depth direction of the paper surface in FIG. 2).
- the bottom plate 12 is preferably a flat plate-shaped member that is joined to the surface on which the notch 18 of the support substrate 11 is formed.
- the support substrate 11 and the bottom plate 12 are joined to form a gangway 17 that penetrates the support plate 10 in the longitudinal direction by the cutout portion 18 and the bottom plate 12.
- the gangway 17 is a member that serves as a flow path 43 through which the cooling medium 45 flows in the longitudinal direction.
- the size and shape of the notch portion 18 is not particularly limited as long as it is at least a size and shape that allows the cooling medium 45 to flow. Further, the number of notched portions 18 provided in the heat radiating structure 1 is not particularly limited. Further, in the support plate 10, the support substrate 11 and the bottom plate 12 may be integrally molded. Further, the cooling medium 45 may be read as "cooling member” or "cooling agent”. The cooling medium 45 is not limited to the cooling water, but is interpreted to include an organic solvent such as liquid nitrogen and ethanol. The cooling medium 45 is not limited to a liquid under the conditions used for cooling, and may be a gas or a solid. Further, since the "support plate” is a plate member that transfers heat from the heat dissipation member 20 to the cooling medium to cool the heat source, it may be paraphrased as a "cooling plate”.
- the heat radiating member 20 is pressed by the heat source and collapses in the vertical direction, that is, in the direction from the heat source toward the flow path 43 through which the cooling medium 45 flows. If the heat radiating member 20 is hardly crushed, the adhesion between the heat conductive sheet 21 and the heat source or the like may be lowered.
- the groove portion 15 is formed so that its depth T is smaller than the heat radiation member 20 yen equivalent diameter D.
- the groove portion 15 is preferably formed so that its depth T is at least 80% (0.8D) or less of the pipe diameter of the heat radiating member 20 (see the enlarged view of part C of FIG. 2).
- the groove portion 15 is formed so that the depth T thereof is 80% (0.8D) of the pipe diameter of the heat radiating member 20.
- the depth T of the groove portion 15 is the length from the surface of the support substrate 11 facing the heat source to the bottom of the groove portion 15.
- the heat radiating member 20 is pressed from the heat source as compared with the case where the radius of curvature R2 of the groove portion 15 is smaller than the radius of curvature R1 of the heat radiating member 20 or the support plate 10 does not have the groove portion 15.
- the contact area between the heat radiating member 20 and the support plate 10 when it is crushed by receiving the heat is increased.
- the groove portion 15 is configured such that the length L2 in the longitudinal direction thereof is longer than the length L1 in the longitudinal direction of the heat radiating member 20 (see FIG. 3). With this configuration, the support plate 10 can reliably support the heat radiating member 20 even when the heat radiating member 20 expands and contracts in the longitudinal direction due to pressing from the heat source.
- the support plate 10 may be configured so that the length L2 in the longitudinal direction of the groove portion 15 is the same as the length L1 in the longitudinal direction of the heat radiating member 20.
- the number of groove portions 15 included in the heat radiating structure 1 is not particularly limited as long as it is at least the number of heat radiating members 20, and may be the same number as the heat radiating members 20, or may be larger than the heat radiating members 20. May be.
- the thermally conductive oil preferably contains a silicone oil and a thermally conductive filler having a higher thermal conductivity than the silicone oil and consisting of one or more of metal, ceramics or carbon.
- the heat conductive sheet 21 has a gap (hole or recess) microscopically. Normally, air is present in the gap, which may adversely affect the thermal conductivity.
- the heat conductive oil fills the gap and exists in place of air, and has a function of improving the heat conductivity of the heat conductive sheet 21.
- the heat conductive oil is provided on the surface of the heat conductive sheet 21, at least the surface where the heat source and the heat conductive sheet 21 come into contact with each other.
- the "oil” of the heat conductive oil refers to a combustible substance that is liquid or semi-solid at room temperature (arbitrary temperature in the range of 20 to 25 ° C.) that is water-insoluble. Instead of the word “oil”, “grease” or “wax” can also be used.
- the heat conductive oil is an oil having a property that does not hinder heat conduction when heat is transferred from a heat source to the heat conduction sheet 21.
- a hydrocarbon-based oil or a silicone oil can be used as the heat conductive oil.
- the thermally conductive oil preferably contains a silicone oil and a thermally conductive filler having a higher thermal conductivity than the silicone oil and consisting of one or more of metal, ceramics or carbon.
- Silicone oil preferably consists of molecules with a linear structure having a siloxane bond of 2000 or less. Silicone oil is roughly classified into straight silicone oil and modified silicone oil. Examples of the straight silicone oil include dimethyl silicone oil, methyl phenyl silicone oil, and methyl hydrogen silicone oil. Examples of the modified silicone oil include reactive silicone oil and non-reactive silicone oil.
- the reactive silicone oil includes, for example, various silicone oils such as an amino-modified type, an epoxy-modified type, a carboxy-modified type, a carbinol-modified type, a methacryl-modified type, a mercapto-modified type, and a phenol-modified type.
- the non-reactive silicone oil includes various silicone oils such as a polyether-modified type, a methylstyryl-modified type, an alkyl-modified type, a higher fatty acid ester-modified type, a hydrophilic special-modified type, a higher fatty acid-containing type, and a fluorine-modified type.
- silicone oil is an oil having excellent heat resistance, cold resistance, viscosity stability, and heat conductivity, it is applied to the surface of the heat conduction sheet 21 and is interposed between the heat source and the heat conduction sheet 21. It is particularly suitable as a sex oil.
- the thermally conductive oil preferably contains, in addition to the oil, a thermally conductive filler composed of one or more of metal, ceramics or carbon.
- a thermally conductive filler composed of one or more of metal, ceramics or carbon.
- the metal include gold, silver, copper, aluminum, beryllium, and tungsten.
- the ceramics include alumina, aluminum nitride, cubic boron nitride, and hexagonal boron nitride.
- Examples of carbon include diamond, graphite, diamond-like carbon, amorphous carbon, and carbon nanotubes.
- the heat conductive oil is interposed between the heat source and the heat conductive sheet 21 and also between the heat conductive sheet 21 and the housing of the battery described later.
- the heat conductive oil may be applied to the entire surface of the heat conductive sheet 21 or may be applied to a part of the heat conductive sheet 21.
- the method for allowing the heat conductive oil to exist in the heat conductive sheet 21 is not particularly limited, and any method such as spraying with a spray, coating with a brush, or immersing the heat conductive sheet 21 in the heat conductive oil. It may be due to.
- the heat conductive oil is not an essential configuration for the heat dissipation structure 1 or the battery described later, but is an additional configuration that can be suitably provided. This also applies to the subsequent embodiments.
- the heat radiating structure 1 is arranged on the support plate 10 along a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction thereof in a state where a plurality of heat radiating members 20 are supported by the groove portion 15.
- the groove portion 15 is a curved groove portion that opens the heat radiating member 20 side and is recessed in the thickness direction, the radius of curvature R2 thereof is larger than the radius of curvature R1 of the heat radiating member 20, and the depth T thereof is the heat radiating member 20. It is formed so as to be smaller than the circle-equivalent diameter D. As a result, even when the lower ends of the plurality of heat sources are not flat, the contact between the heat conductive sheet 21 and the lower ends is improved.
- the heat radiating structure 1 sets the number and positions of the grooves 15 in the support plate 10 in consideration of the sizes of a large number of heat sources, and sets the number of heat radiating members 20. By designing the heat dissipation structure 1 in this way, the plurality of heat dissipation members 20 are positioned on the support plate 10.
- the heat dissipation structure 1 can enhance the uniformity of heat dissipation in each of a large number of heat sources. Further, the heat radiating structure 1 can be positioned by arranging the plurality of heat radiating members 20 in the groove portion 15 of the support plate 10 without connecting them with threads or the like, and can improve productivity. Further, since each heat radiating member 20 has a structure in which the heat conductive sheet 21 is spirally wound around the outer surface of the cushion member 22, the heat radiating structure 1 does not excessively restrain the deformation of the cushion member 22.
- the plurality of heat radiating members 20 are not limited to being arranged so that the distances between the heat radiating members 20 are evenly spaced. That is, the plurality of groove portions 15 are not limited to being arranged so that the distances between the groove portions 15 rolls are evenly spaced.
- FIG. 4 shows the heat dissipation structure according to the second embodiment in the same view as that of FIG.
- the heat radiating structure 1a according to the second embodiment has a structure similar to that of the heat radiating structure 1 according to the first embodiment, but the first embodiment is provided with the support plate 10a instead of the support plate 10. It is different from the heat dissipation structure 1. Since the heat radiating structure 1a has the same configuration as the heat radiating structure 1 according to the first embodiment except for the support plate 10a, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the support plate 10a is preferably a member manufactured by integral molding, unlike the support plate 10 of the first embodiment, which is manufactured by joining the support substrate 11 and the bottom plate 12.
- the support plate 10a has a plurality of groove portions 15 arranged on a surface facing the heat source along a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the heat radiating member 20 (left-right direction in FIG. 4), and along the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction.
- a through-passage 17a to be arranged is provided.
- the gangway 17a is formed by penetrating the support plate 10a in the longitudinal direction (the depth direction of the paper surface in FIG. 4).
- the gangway 17a is a member that serves as a flow path 43 through which the cooling medium 45 flows in the longitudinal direction, similarly to the gangway 17 of the first embodiment.
- the through-passage 17a is formed in a circular cross-sectional shape, but the cross-sectional shape of the through-passage 17a is not limited to a circle, for example, a polygon, an ellipse, a semicircle, and a rounded apex. It may be a substantially polygonal shape.
- the gangway 17a may be composed of a plurality of gangways, for example, two gangways having a semicircular cross section whose cross-sectional circular shape is divided into two vertically or horizontally.
- the size and position of the gangway 17a are not particularly limited as long as they are at least the size and position where the cooling medium 45 can flow. Further, the number of through-passages 17a included in the heat dissipation structure 1 is not particularly limited. Further, since the material of the support plate 10a and the configuration of the groove portion 15 are the same as those of the support plate 10 of the first embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted. The heat radiating structure 1a configured in this way also has the same effect as that of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 shows a diagram for explaining a manufacturing process of a heat radiating member constituting the heat radiating structure.
- FIG. 6 shows a diagram for explaining a manufacturing process of a support plate constituting the heat dissipation structure according to the first embodiment.
- the cushion member 22 having the hollow portion 23 is molded (see a in FIG. 5).
- the adhesive is applied to the outer surface of the cushion member 22.
- the band-shaped heat conductive sheet 21 is spirally wound on the outer surface of the cushion member 22, if there is a portion where the heat conductive sheet 21 protrudes from both ends of the cushion member 22, the protruding portion is cut.
- the cushion member 22 is cut together (see b and c in FIG. 5).
- the heat conductive oil is applied to the surface of the heat conductive sheet 21.
- the cushion member 22 and the heat conductive sheet 21 without interposing an adhesive.
- the cushion member 22 in a state before being completely cured is prepared, and the band-shaped heat conductive sheet 21 is wound around the outer surface thereof. After that, the cushion member 22 is heated and completely cured to fix the heat conductive sheet 21 to the outer surface of the cushion member 22.
- the cutting step of cutting the portion protruding from both ends of the cushion member 22 of the heat conductive sheet 21 and the coating step of applying the heat conductive oil are not limited to those performed at the above timing.
- the cutting step may be performed after the coating step.
- the support substrate 11 and the bottom plate 12 are prepared (see d in FIG. 6).
- the support substrate 11 is preferably manufactured by cutting, extrusion molding, or the like.
- the support substrate 11 is formed so that the radius of curvature R2 of the groove 15 is larger than the radius of curvature R1 of the heat radiation member 20 and the depth T of the groove 15 is smaller than the circle-equivalent diameter D of the heat radiation member 20 (see FIG. 2). ).
- the support plate 10 is manufactured by joining the support substrate 11 and the bottom plate 12 by welding or the like (see e in FIG. 6). At this time, the support substrate 11 and the bottom plate 12 are joined so that the cutout portion 18 provided in the support substrate 11 and the bottom plate 12 face each other.
- the heat radiating structure 1 is manufactured by arranging a plurality of heat radiating members 20 manufactured by the above manufacturing method in a plurality of groove portions 15 included in the support plate 10 manufactured by the above manufacturing method.
- the plurality of heat radiating members 20 roll on the slope from the upstream side of the slanted slope in a state where the surface of the support plate 10 having the groove 15 is fixed so as to be slanted with respect to the horizontal plane. Therefore, it is preferable that they are arranged in each of the plurality of groove portions 15.
- a plurality of heat radiating members 20 can be arranged in the plurality of groove portions 15 by simply rolling the slope of the support plate 10 fixed so as to be inclined diagonally.
- a plurality of heat radiating members 20 can be easily positioned on the support plate 10 without connecting the heat radiating members 20 with threads or the like, and productivity can be improved.
- a plurality of heat dissipation members 20 may be arranged on the support substrate 11 before the support substrate 11 and the bottom plate 12 are joined.
- the heat dissipation structure 1 is manufactured by joining the support substrate 11 on which the plurality of heat dissipation members 20 are arranged and the bottom plate 12.
- a plurality of heat radiating members 20 manufactured by the above-mentioned manufacturing method are arranged in a plurality of groove portions 15 included in the support plate 10a manufactured by cutting or extruding.
- the plurality of heat radiating members 20 roll on the slope from the upstream side of the slanted slope in a state where the surface of the support plate 10a provided with the groove 15 is fixed so as to be slanted with respect to the horizontal plane. Therefore, it is preferable that they are arranged in each of the plurality of groove portions 15.
- the support plate 10a is formed so that the radius of curvature R2 of the groove 15 is larger than the radius of curvature R1 of the heat dissipation member 20 and the depth T of the groove 15 is smaller than the circle-equivalent diameter D of the heat dissipation member 20. Will be done.
- the heat radiating structure 1a manufactured in this way can also easily position the plurality of heat radiating members 20 to the support plate 10a without connecting the plurality of heat radiating members 20 with threads or the like, thereby improving productivity. Can be planned.
- FIG. 7 shows a diagram for explaining a suitable manufacturing process of a modified example of the heat radiating member constituting the heat radiating structure.
- the strip-shaped laminated sheet 28 is manufactured.
- the heat conductive sheet 21 and the cushion member 22 are preferably fixed with an adhesive.
- the strip-shaped laminated sheet 28 is wound in a spiral shape and advanced in one direction to manufacture a long heat-dissipating member 20a.
- an adhesive is not interposed between the heat conductive sheet 21 and the cushion member 22
- the following method can be exemplified.
- the heat conductive sheet 21 is attached on the cushion member 22 in an uncured state in which the cushion member 22 is not completely cured. Then, the cushion member 22 is completely cured by heating.
- the heat radiating member 20a includes a hollow portion 23a penetrating in the longitudinal direction thereof. Unlike the heat radiating member 20 in the above-described embodiment, the hollow portion 23a also penetrates in the direction of the outer surface of the heat radiating member 20a.
- the cushion member 22 is arranged inside the heat conductive sheet 21, and the heat conductive sheet 21 and the cushion member 22 have a form of integrally traveling in one direction in a spiral shape. Since the heat radiating member 20a has a spiral shape as a whole, it is easier to expand and contract in the longitudinal direction of the heat radiating member 20a than the heat radiating member 20 described above.
- the heat radiating structure 1a can also be provided with the heat radiating member 20a instead of the heat radiating member 20.
- the heat radiating structure 1a can be manufactured by the same manufacturing method as the above-mentioned heat radiating structure 1a except that the heat radiating member 20 is replaced with the heat radiating member 20a.
- FIG. 8 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of a battery including a heat dissipation structure.
- the "vertical cross-sectional view” means a view that vertically cuts from the upper opening surface inside the housing of the battery to the bottom.
- the battery 40 is, for example, a battery for an electric vehicle and includes a large number of battery cells 50.
- the battery 40 includes a bottomed housing 41 that opens to one side.
- the housing 41 is preferably made of aluminum or an aluminum-based alloy.
- the battery cell 50 is arranged inside 44 of the housing 41.
- An electrode (not shown) is provided so as to project above the battery cell 50.
- the plurality of battery cells 50 are preferably brought into close contact with each other in the housing 41 by applying a force in the direction of compression from both sides thereof using screws or the like (not shown).
- the battery cell 50 is arranged in the housing 41 so as to sandwich the heat radiating structure 1 with the bottom portion 42 of the housing 41.
- a flow path 43 (through path 17) for flowing cooling water, which is an example of the cooling medium 45, is provided.
- the battery 40 includes a battery cell 50 as one or two or more heat sources in the housing 41.
- a plurality of heat radiating members 20 provided in the heat radiating structure 1 are interposed between the battery cell 50 and the cooling medium 45.
- the battery cell 50 transfers heat to the cooling medium 45 flowing through the flow path 43 (through path 17) through the heat radiating member 20, and is effectively removed by water cooling.
- the heat radiating structure 1 When the battery cell 50 is set in the housing 41 (see FIG. 8), the heat radiating structure 1 is compressed in the thickness direction of the heat radiating structure 1 between the battery cell 50 and the bottom portion 42. As a result, the heat from the battery cell 50 is easily transferred to the heat conductive sheet 21, the support plate 10, the flow path 43, and the cooling medium 45. Further, when the heat radiating structure 1 is compressed in the thickness direction by the battery cell 50, the heat radiating structure 1 is compressed to a position where the length of the heat radiating member 20 in the thickness direction becomes the depth T of the groove portion 15. NS. That is, the heat radiating member 20 is not compressed to a position where the length in the thickness direction is smaller than the depth T of the groove portion 15.
- the battery 40 may include the above-mentioned heat dissipation structure 1a instead of the heat dissipation structure 1.
- FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view when the battery cell is laid horizontally so as to be in contact with the side surface of the battery cell on the heat radiating structure, a partially enlarged view thereof, and a partial cross-sectional view when the battery cell expands during charging and discharging. Each is shown.
- the battery cell 50 may be arranged so that the side surface of the battery cell 50 is in contact with the heat radiating members 20 and 20a of the heat radiating structure 1.
- the temperature of the battery cell 50 rises during charging and discharging. If the container itself of the battery cell 50 is made of a flexible material, the side surface of the battery cell 50 may bulge in particular. Even in such a case, as shown in FIG.
- the heat radiating members 20 and 20a constituting the heat radiating structure 1 can be deformed according to the shape of the outer surface of the battery cell 50, the heat radiating property can be improved even during charging and discharging. Can be kept high.
- the battery cell 50 may be arranged so that the side surface of the battery cell 50 is in contact with the heat radiating members 20 and 20a of the heat radiating structure 1a.
- the support plates 10 and 10a may be formed with one or more positioning holes through which a positioning pin provided in the housing 41 (bottom 42 or the like) of the battery 40 can be inserted.
- the positioning hole is a hole through which a positioning pin protruding from the bottom 42 of the battery 40 can be inserted. By inserting the positioning pin into the positioning hole, positioning of the battery 40 and the heat dissipation structures 1, 1a becomes easy.
- the shapes and positions of the positioning holes and the positioning pins are not particularly limited.
- the support plate 10 is composed of the support substrate 11 and the bottom plate 12, but the support plate 10 does not have to be provided with the bottom plate 12. That is, the support plate 10 may be composed of only the support substrate 11. In this case, when the support plate 10 is installed in the battery 40, the support plate 10 may be installed so that the surface of the support plate 10 on the cutout portion 18 side is placed on the bottom portion 42 of the housing 41. .. As a result, the cutout portion 18 and the bottom portion 42 can form a flow path 43 through which the cooling medium 45 flows in the longitudinal direction.
- the support plates 10 and 10a are not particularly limited in their form, and are provided with a plurality of groove portions 15 for supporting at least a plurality of heat radiating members 20 and 20a along a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the heat radiating members 20 and 20a. If so, for example, the through-passages 17 and 17a may not be provided. In this case, it is preferable that the battery 40 is provided with one or a plurality of water cooling pipes 43 in order to allow the cooling medium 45 to flow through the bottom portion 42 of the housing 41.
- the heat radiating member 20 does not have to have the hollow portion 23 formed in the cushion member 22.
- the heat radiating member 20 has a structure in which the cushion member 22 is filled in the hollow portion of the spiral heat conductive sheet 21.
- the hollow portion may not be formed in the cushion member 22 as long as it is formed by at least the winding structure of the heat conductive sheet 21 among the heat conductive sheet 21 and the cushion member 22.
- the heat conductive sheet 21 included in the heat radiating member 20 does not have to have a shape that advances while winding in a spiral shape as long as it has a shape that covers at least the outer surface of the cushion member 22.
- the heat radiating member 20 may be in a form of, for example, covering the outer surface of the cushion member 22 with a single flat heat conductive sheet 21.
- the spiral cushion member 22 in the heat radiating member 20a is not limited to the same width as the heat conductive sheet 21, and may be larger or smaller than the width of the heat conductive sheet 21.
- the heat source includes not only the battery cell 50 but also all objects that generate heat such as a circuit board and an electronic device main body.
- the heat source may be an electronic component such as a capacitor and an IC chip.
- the cooling medium 45 may be not only cooling water but also an organic solvent, liquid nitrogen, or a cooling gas.
- the heat dissipation structures 1, 1a may be arranged in a structure other than the battery 40, for example, an electronic device, a home appliance, a power generation device, or the like.
- the plurality of components of each of the above-described embodiments can be freely combined except when they cannot be combined with each other.
- the heat dissipation structure 1a may be provided in the battery 40.
- the heat conductive member according to the present invention can be used not only for automobile batteries but also for various electronic devices such as automobiles, industrial robots, power generation devices, PCs, and household electric appliances.
- the battery according to the present invention can be used not only as a battery for automobiles but also as a battery that can be charged and discharged for home use and a battery for electronic devices such as PCs.
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Abstract
Description
(2)別の実施形態に係る放熱構造体では、好ましくは、前記支持板は、前記長手方向に冷却媒体を流す少なくとも1以上の流路を備えても良い。
(3)別の実施形態に係る放熱構造体では、好ましくは、前記流路は、前記支持板を貫通する貫通路であっても良い。
(4)別の実施形態に係る放熱構造体では、好ましくは、前記支持板は、金属製の板状部材であっても良い。
(5)別の実施形態に係る放熱構造体では、好ましくは、前記放熱部材は、前記長手方向に沿う中空部を備える筒状部材であっても良い。
(6)別の実施形態に係る放熱構造体では、好ましくは、前記クッション部材は、前記長手方向に前記中空部を備える筒状クッション部材であり、前記熱伝導シートは、前記筒状クッション部材の外側面を前記長手方向に向かってスパイラル状に巻回していても良い。
(7)別の実施形態に係る放熱構造体では、好ましくは、前記熱伝導シートと前記クッション部材は、一体にてスパイラル状に一方向に進行する形態を有しても良い。
(8)別の実施形態に係る放熱構造体は、好ましくは、前記熱伝導シートの表面に、当該表面に接触する熱源から当該表面への熱伝導性を高めるための熱伝導性オイルを有しても良い。
(9)別の実施形態に係る放熱構造体では、好ましくは、前記熱伝導性オイルは、シリコーンオイルと、前記シリコーンオイルより熱伝導性が高く、金属、セラミックスまたは炭素の1以上からなる熱伝導性フィラーと、を含んでも良い。
(10)一実施形態に係るバッテリーは、筐体内に、1または2以上の熱源としてのバッテリーセルを備えたバッテリーであって、前記バッテリーセルと前記筐体との間に、上述のいずれかの放熱構造体を備える。
(第1実施形態)
図1は、第1実施形態に係る放熱構造体の平面図を示す。図2は、図1におけるA-A線断面図およびその一部Cの拡大図をそれぞれ示す。図3は、図1におけるB-B線断面図を示す。なお、この実施形態において、熱源は、図2および図3の紙面上方に配置されるものとする。以後の実施形態においても同様である。また、図1は、放熱構造体1は、10本の放熱部材20を備えているが、放熱部材20の数は特に限定されない。以後の実施形態においても同様である。
第1実施形態に係る放熱構造体1は、熱源からの放熱を高める複数の放熱部材20と、複数の放熱部材20を支持する支持板10と、を備える部材である。放熱部材20は、中空若しくは中実の形状を有する複数のクッション部材22と、熱源からの熱を伝えるためのシートであって、クッション部材22の外側面を覆う熱伝導シート21と、を備える。支持板10は、放熱部材20を支持する溝部15を放熱部材20の長手方向と直交する方向(図1の左右方向)に沿って複数備える。溝部15は、放熱部材20側を開口して厚さ方向に窪む湾曲した溝部である。溝部15は、その曲率半径R2が放熱部材20の曲率半径R1より大きく、かつその深さTが放熱部材20の円換算直径Dより小さくなるよう形成される(図2を参照)。放熱部材20は、「熱伝導部材」または「伝熱部材」と称しても良い。なお、「曲率半径」とは、放熱部材20および溝部15をその長手方向と垂直に切断したときの断面における曲線の曲がり具合を最もよく近似する真円の半径を意味する。また、「円換算直径」とは、放熱部材20をその長手方向と垂直に切断したときの管断面の面積と同じ面積の真円の直径を意味する。これらは、以後の実施形態においても同様である。
熱伝導シート21は、好ましくは、スパイラル状に巻回しながら進行する形状のシートである。熱伝導シート21は、その構成材料を問わないが、好ましくは炭素を含むシートであり、さらに好ましくは90質量%以上を炭素から構成されるシートである。例えば、熱伝導シート21に、樹脂を焼成して成るグラファイト製のフィルムを用いることもできる。ただし、熱伝導シート21は、炭素と樹脂とを含むシートであっても良い。その場合、樹脂は、合成繊維でも良く、その場合には、樹脂として好適にはアラミド繊維を用いることができる。本願でいう「炭素」は、グラファイト、グラファイトより結晶性の低いカーボンブラック、ダイヤモンド、ダイヤモンドに近い構造を持つダイヤモンドライクカーボン等の炭素(元素記号:C)から成る如何なる構造のものも含むように広義に解釈される。熱伝導シート21は、この実施形態では、樹脂に、グラファイト繊維やカーボン粒子を配合分散した材料を硬化させた薄いシートとすることができる。熱伝導シート21は、メッシュ状に編んだカーボンファイバーであっても良く、さらには混紡してあっても混編みしてあっても良い。なお、グラファイト繊維、カーボン粒子あるいはカーボンファイバーといった各種フィラーも、すべて、炭素フィラーの概念に含まれる。
クッション部材22の重要な機能は変形容易性と、回復力である。回復力は、弾性変形性による。変形容易性は、熱源の形状に追従するために必要な特性であり、特にリチウムイオンバッテリーなどの半固形物、液体的性状も持つ内容物などを変形しやすいパッケージに収めてあるようなバッテリーセルの場合には、設計寸法的にも不定形または寸法精度があげられない場合が多い。このため、クッション部材22の変形容易性や追従力を保持するための回復力の保持は重要である。
支持板10は、好ましくは、金属製の板状部材である。支持板10は、より好ましくは、アルミニウム、銅、それらの内の少なくとも1つを含む合金等の熱伝導性の比較的高いものから構成される。ただし、支持板10は、樹脂および/またはセラミックスを含んでいても良いし、上記金属に代えて樹脂および/またはセラミックスから構成されていても良い。樹脂およびセラミックスとしては、例えば、先述の熱伝導シート21の構成材料と同様の材料を挙げることができる。
熱伝導性オイルは、好ましくは、シリコーンオイルと、シリコーンオイルより熱伝導性が高く、金属、セラミックスまたは炭素の1以上からなる熱伝導性フィラーとを含む。熱伝導シート21は、微視的に、隙間(孔あるいは凹部)を有する。通常、当該隙間には空気が存在し、熱伝導性に悪影響を及ぼす可能性が有る。熱伝導性オイルは、その隙間を埋めて、空気に代わって存在することになり、熱伝導シート21の熱伝導性を向上させる機能を有する。
次に、第2実施形態に係る放熱構造体について説明する。先の実施形態と共通する部分については同じ符号を付して重複した説明を省略する。
次に、第1実施形態に係る放熱構造体1の好適な製造方法の一例を説明する。
次に、本実施形態に係るバッテリーについて説明する。
上述のように、本発明の好適な各実施形態について説明したが、本発明は、これらに限定されることなく、種々変形して実施可能である。
Claims (10)
- 熱源からの放熱を高める複数の放熱部材と、当該複数の放熱部材を支持する支持板と、を備える放熱構造体であって、
前記放熱部材は、
中空若しくは中実の形状を有する複数のクッション部材と、
前記熱源からの熱を伝えるためのシートであって、前記クッション部材の外側面を覆う熱伝導シートと、
を備え、
前記支持板は、前記放熱部材を支持する溝部を前記放熱部材の長手方向と直交する方向に沿って複数備え、
前記溝部は、前記放熱部材側を開口して厚さ方向に窪む湾曲した溝部であって、その曲率半径が前記放熱部材の曲率半径より大きく、かつその深さが前記放熱部材の円換算直径より小さくなるよう形成されることを特徴とする放熱構造体。 - 前記支持板は、前記長手方向に冷却媒体を流す少なくとも1以上の流路を備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の放熱構造体。
- 前記流路は、前記支持板を貫通する貫通路であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の放熱構造体。
- 前記支持板は、金属製の板状部材であることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の放熱構造体。
- 前記放熱部材は、前記長手方向に沿う中空部を備える筒状部材であることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の放熱構造体。
- 前記クッション部材は、前記長手方向に前記中空部を備える筒状クッション部材であり、
前記熱伝導シートは、前記筒状クッション部材の外側面を前記長手方向に向かってスパイラル状に巻回していることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の放熱構造体。 - 前記熱伝導シートと前記クッション部材は、一体にてスパイラル状に一方向に進行する形態を有することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の放熱構造体。
- 前記熱伝導シートの表面に、当該表面に接触する熱源から当該表面への熱伝導性を高めるための熱伝導性オイルを有することを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の放熱構造体。
- 前記熱伝導性オイルは、シリコーンオイルと、前記シリコーンオイルより熱伝導性が高く、金属、セラミックスまたは炭素の1以上からなる熱伝導性フィラーと、を含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の放熱構造体。
- 筐体内に、1または2以上の熱源としてのバッテリーセルを備えたバッテリーであって、前記バッテリーセルと前記筐体との間に、請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載の放熱構造体を備えるバッテリー。
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