WO2021238987A1 - 蓄电池充电方法及系统、车辆 - Google Patents

蓄电池充电方法及系统、车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021238987A1
WO2021238987A1 PCT/CN2021/096076 CN2021096076W WO2021238987A1 WO 2021238987 A1 WO2021238987 A1 WO 2021238987A1 CN 2021096076 W CN2021096076 W CN 2021096076W WO 2021238987 A1 WO2021238987 A1 WO 2021238987A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
charging
vehicle
time
self
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PCT/CN2021/096076
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
范宇希
王素丰
屈颖
孙海路
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长城汽车股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021238987A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021238987A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/0071Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with a programmable schedule

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of vehicle engineering, and in particular, to a battery charging method and system, and a vehicle.
  • new energy vehicles use power batteries as their power source
  • the vehicle's vehicle controllers, lamps and other loads use low-voltage electricity. Therefore, new energy vehicles are equipped with batteries.
  • the battery can provide power for low-voltage loads such as vehicle controllers, lamps, and battery management systems.
  • the battery management system when the electric vehicle is in the working state, the battery management system maintains the power connection with the battery through the DC-DC converter to charge the battery and ensure that the battery has sufficient power.
  • the vehicle when the vehicle is in a sleep state for a long time, The problem of battery power loss is prone to occur.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a battery charging method and system, and a vehicle to solve the problem of battery power loss when the vehicle is in a dormant state.
  • a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a battery charging method, the battery charging method includes:
  • the battery management system is controlled to enter a sleep state to stop providing charging power to the storage battery.
  • the setting the self-wake-up time of the battery charging includes:
  • the charging time interval sets the self-wake-up time of the battery charging; or,
  • the waking up the battery management system of the vehicle when the self-wake-up time is reached includes:
  • the self-wake-up time for charging the battery is set again, and when the self-wake-up time is reached, the battery management system that wakes up the vehicle is returned to step.
  • setting the self-wake-up time of the battery charging includes:
  • the remaining power of the power battery of the vehicle is greater than a preset threshold, and the high-voltage system of the vehicle
  • a self-wake-up time for charging the battery is set.
  • controlling the battery management system to enter a sleep state when a preset charging stop condition is reached includes:
  • the battery management system is controlled to enter a sleep state.
  • a second aspect of the present disclosure provides a battery charging system, the battery charging system is used to perform the steps of the above battery charging method, the battery charging system includes a battery management system, through a DC-DC converter and the battery management system power A connected battery, and a vehicle controller communicatively connected with the battery management system;
  • the vehicle controller is used for:
  • the battery management system is controlled to enter a sleep state to stop providing charging power to the storage battery.
  • the vehicle controller is specifically used for:
  • the charging time interval sets the self-wake-up time of the battery charging; or,
  • the battery management system is further configured to determine the battery state of charge of the power battery of the vehicle when the self-wake-up time is reached, and when the remaining power of the power battery is greater than a preset threshold In the case of a limit value, send feedback information to the vehicle controller, where the feedback information is used to end the steps of the battery charging method; or,
  • the vehicle controller is specifically used for:
  • the self-wake-up time for charging the battery is set again, and when the self-wake-up time is reached, the battery management system that wakes up the vehicle is returned to step.
  • the vehicle controller is specifically used for:
  • the battery management system is controlled to enter a sleep state.
  • a third aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle, which is characterized by including the battery charging system described in any one of the above.
  • charging the battery according to the self-wake-up time can reduce the time and frequency of frequent charging and avoid Excessive consumption of the power of the power battery, thereby avoiding reducing the mileage of the vehicle, and improving the user's experience of using the vehicle.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an implementation environment of a battery charging method according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing a method for charging a battery according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing another method for charging a battery according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing another method for charging a battery according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing another method for charging a battery according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing another method for charging a battery according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing another method for charging a battery according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 8 is a block diagram showing a battery charging system according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the application scenarios of each embodiment of the present disclosure are first introduced.
  • the various embodiments of the present disclosure can be used to solve the problem that when the vehicle is in a dormant state for a long time, for example, when the user is not using the vehicle for a long time on a business trip, charging the battery of the vehicle can ensure the power of the low-voltage battery of the vehicle and avoid the low battery power. Due to the effective threshold power, the vehicle cannot be used, such as unable to start, unable to open the door, etc., which makes it inconvenient to use the vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the implementation environment of the present disclosure.
  • VCU Vehicle Control Unit
  • OBC ON-Board Controller on-board charger
  • BCM Body Control Module
  • the battery is used to provide low-voltage power for the vehicle.
  • the DC-DC converter is used to transfer the high voltage provided by the power battery
  • the electric step-down is the low-voltage electricity charged by the battery, for example, stepped down to 12V, 24V, etc., and is controlled by the VCU and feedback to the VCU.
  • BMS Battery Management System
  • the power battery is used to store electrical energy and provide electrical energy to the drive motor, DC-DC converter, etc.
  • the battery management system by placing a sensor on the battery and setting the threshold voltage for battery charging, when the battery state of charge of the battery collected by the sensor reaches the threshold voltage, the battery management system is awakened, and the battery is charged through the DC-DC converter.
  • the present disclosure provides a battery charging method.
  • the battery charging method includes:
  • S102 When the self-wake-up time is reached, wake up the battery management system of the vehicle to provide charging power to the storage battery through the DC-DC converter of the vehicle.
  • the action of the vehicle entering the dormant state may be when the vehicle is turned off, after the power battery and other high-voltage systems have cooled down, the action of the vehicle controller entering the dormant state is regarded as the action of the vehicle entering the dormant state.
  • the vehicle's battery management system enters the dormant state it specifically refers to the action of the battery management system enters the dormant state after the last battery charge is completed when the vehicle is in the dormant state.
  • the vehicle controller receives that the vehicle door lock has been closed, and the power battery and the cooling system of the drive motor have stopped working. At this time, the vehicle controller is ready to enter the sleep state, and the vehicle controls
  • the device can set the self-wake-up time for battery charging.
  • the self-wake-up time for battery charging can be set according to the preset self-wake-up time.
  • the battery reaches the self-wake-up time it can first determine whether the vehicle is in a sleep state. If the vehicle is in a sleep state, wake up the battery management system. For example, the vehicle controller sends a wake-up command to the battery management system. After receiving the wake-up command, the battery management system establishes a high-voltage connection between the power battery and the DC-DC converter.
  • the battery management system receives the state of the power battery, and controls the power battery to deliver the stored electric energy to the DC-DC converter.
  • the DC-DC converter reduces the voltage of the received electric energy and delivers it to the storage battery to charge the storage battery.
  • the battery management system is controlled to enter a sleep state, for example, the vehicle controller sends a sleep instruction to the battery management system, and the battery management system controls the power battery after receiving the sleep instruction
  • the high-voltage connection with the DC-DC converter is disconnected, the battery charging is stopped, and the battery management system enters a sleep state.
  • the cooling system of the power battery is also awakened, so as to avoid overheating of the power battery during operation and ensure the safety of the vehicle.
  • the cooling system is then controlled to enter the dormant state.
  • the above technical solution sets the self-wake-up time of battery charging in response to the action of the vehicle entering the sleep state and/or the action of the vehicle's battery management system entering the sleep state; when the self-wake-up time is reached, the battery management system of the vehicle is awakened, To provide charging power to the battery through the vehicle's DC-DC converter; when the preset charging stop condition is reached, the battery management system is controlled to enter the dormant state to stop providing charging power to the battery. In this way, when the vehicle is in the dormant state, it can be set as the self-wake-up time for battery charging, which can ensure the battery’s power and improve the convenience of using the vehicle.
  • charging the battery according to the self-wake-up time can reduce the time and frequency of frequent charging and avoid Excessive consumption of the power of the power battery, thereby avoiding reducing the mileage of the vehicle, and improving the user's experience of using the vehicle.
  • step S101 referring to the flowchart of another battery charging method shown in FIG. 3, the setting the self-wake-up time of the battery charging includes:
  • S1012 Determine the percentage of the first charging time length and the preset charging time length, and set a self-wake-up time for charging the battery according to the percentage and the preset charging time interval.
  • the first charging time length during which the DC-DC converter provided charging power to the battery last time is acquired, for example, the first charging time length is acquired from the vehicle controller or the battery management system, and the first charging time length is accounted for according to the first charging time length.
  • the percentage of the preset charging time length determines the battery power after the last battery charge.
  • the self-wake-up time is determined to be 64 hours according to the percentage and the preset charging time interval.
  • the vehicle controller obtains that the first charging time length of the last time it provides charging power to the battery is 0.4 hours, and it is determined that the first charging time length of 0.4 hours is 80% of the preset charging time length of 0.5, and then the percentage is 80%.
  • the interval between% and the preset charging time is 80 hours and the self-wake-up time is determined to be 64 hours.
  • the vehicle controller obtains that the first charging time length of the last time it provides charging power to the battery is 0.2 hours, and the first charging time length 0.2 hours is 40% of the preset charging time length 0.5. Further, according to the The interval between the percentage of 40% and the preset charging time of 80 hours determines that the self-wake-up time is 40 hours.
  • the self-wake-up time of the battery charging is set according to the corresponding relationship between the first charging time length and the minimum resting time, and the corresponding relationship between the first charging time length t and the minimum resting time T1 can be established, as shown in the following table :
  • the minimum standing time T1 is not less than 24 hours.
  • the vehicle controller obtains that the first charging time length for the last time it provided charging power to the battery is 2 hours, then according to the corresponding relationship between the first charging time length t and the minimum resting time T1, the self-wake-up time is determined to be 60 hours.
  • the battery power in the sleep state of the vehicle can be determined according to the first time length of the last battery charge, so as to determine the self-wake-up time, which can ensure the power of the battery, and can also avoid frequent waking up of the battery management system, and avoid the battery and power battery. Power consumption.
  • step S101 referring to the flowchart of another battery charging method shown in FIG. 4, the setting the self-wake-up time of the battery charging includes:
  • the self-discharge characteristics of the battery can be stored in the memory of the vehicle controller, and the first battery state of charge of the battery can be obtained when the vehicle enters the sleep state or the battery management system enters the sleep state, for example, the vehicle controller
  • the battery voltage of the storage battery can be obtained, and the state of charge of the first battery can be calculated. Further, a self-wake-up time for charging the battery is set.
  • the vehicle controller obtains that the battery voltage of the battery is 11.6V. According to the self-discharge characteristics of the battery, it discharges 0.1V every 40 hours, and then according to the battery operating threshold voltage of 11.4V, then It is determined that after 80 hours of self-discharge of the battery, the battery voltage will drop to 11.4V, the self-wake-up time for battery charging is determined to be 80 hours, and further, the self-wake-up time for battery charging is set to 80 hours.
  • step S101 referring to the flowchart of another battery charging method shown in FIG. 5, the setting of the self-wake-up time of the battery charging includes:
  • the low-voltage load of the vehicle is still connected to the battery when the vehicle is in the sleep state, and the low-voltage load, such as the body control module, still needs to maintain a constant power when the vehicle is in the sleep state, so as to respond to the unlocking of the vehicle at any time. Therefore, there will be low-voltage dark current in the vehicle, which is also an important reason for the lack of battery power.
  • low-voltage dark current can be used as one of the research directions.
  • the vehicle controller obtains the battery voltage of the battery as 11.6V.
  • the self-discharge characteristic of the battery it self-discharges 0.1V every 40 hours, and the low-voltage dark current characteristic of the vehicle is caused every 200 hours.
  • the battery voltage drops by 0.1V, and then according to the battery operating threshold voltage of 11.4V, it is determined that the battery will discharge itself after 66.6 hours, and the battery voltage will drop to 11.4V, and then the self-wake time for battery charging is determined to be 66.6 hours. Further, set the battery The self-wake-up time of charging is 66.6 hours.
  • step S102 referring to the flowchart of another battery charging method shown in FIG. 6, the waking up the battery management system of the vehicle when the self-wake-up time is reached includes:
  • the battery state of charge of the power battery can represent the remaining power of the power battery. Like the battery, when the remaining power of the power battery is less than the threshold of the power battery, the power battery can no longer provide power to charge the battery, or In order to ensure the operational mileage, stop providing electricity to charge the battery.
  • the vehicle controller obtains that the battery state of charge of the power battery is 50%, and then determines that the remaining power of the power battery is 400kW ⁇ h, and the remaining power is greater than the preset threshold of 380kW ⁇ h, that is, the remaining power is 400kW ⁇ h If it is greater than the preset threshold of 380kW ⁇ h, wake up the battery management system.
  • the vehicle controller obtains that the battery state of charge of the power battery is 9%, and then determines that the remaining power of the power battery is 370kW ⁇ h, and the remaining power is less than the preset threshold of 380kW ⁇ h, that is, the remaining power is 370kW ⁇ h. If h is less than the preset threshold of 380kW ⁇ h, the operation of waking up the battery management system is not performed.
  • the state of charge of the battery is determined according to the threshold value and the full charge of the power battery. For example, if the power battery threshold is 380kW ⁇ h and the full charge is 480kW ⁇ h, the battery state of charge is 0 when the remaining power of the power battery is 380kW ⁇ h, and the battery is charged when the remaining power of the power battery is 480kW ⁇ h The status is 100%.
  • the battery management system it is possible to directly determine whether to wake up the battery management system according to the battery state of charge and the power threshold. For example, when the battery state of charge is not less than 10% of the power threshold, the battery management system is awakened; in the battery state of charge When it is less than 10% of the power threshold, the operation of waking up the battery management system is not performed.
  • step S102 referring to the flowchart of another battery charging method shown in FIG. 7, the waking up the battery management system of the vehicle when the self-wake-up time is reached includes:
  • S1023 When the self-wake-up time is reached, obtain a second battery state of charge of the storage battery, and determine whether the second battery state of charge meets a preset charging condition.
  • the reason for the battery power loss may be the self-discharge of the battery and/or the low-voltage dark current of the vehicle. Because the vehicle is under different environmental conditions, for example, the ambient temperature is different, Different environmental humidity will cause the battery loss rate to be different, and in order to ensure that the battery is charged in time, the design generally adopts the fastest loss condition to determine the battery's self-wake time. Then, under other environmental conditions, the battery loss The power rate is usually less than the estimated power loss rate during the design.
  • the second battery state of charge of the storage battery can be acquired again, and it is determined whether the second battery state of charge satisfies the preset charging condition. For example, the vehicle controller obtains the second battery state of charge of the battery when the self-wake-up time is reached.
  • the preset charging condition may be whether the remaining power represented by the state of charge of the second battery is less than the remaining power corresponding to the operating threshold voltage of the battery. If the remaining power represented by the state of charge of the second battery is less than the remaining power corresponding to the operating threshold voltage of the battery, it is determined that the state of charge of the second battery satisfies the preset charging condition; if the remaining power represented by the state of charge of the second battery is not less than The remaining power corresponding to the operating threshold voltage of the battery determines that the state of charge of the second battery does not meet the preset charging condition.
  • the state of charge of the second battery is 0, it is determined that the remaining power of the battery is not greater than 11.4V, and it is determined that the state of charge of the second battery satisfies the preset charging condition.
  • the state of charge of the second battery is 90%. According to the full charge of the battery as 12.8V and the operating threshold voltage of the battery as 11.4V, it is determined that the state of charge of the second battery is 90% and the remaining power is 12.6V. That is, the remaining power represented by the state of charge of the second battery of 90% is 12.6V greater than the remaining power of 11.4V corresponding to the operating threshold voltage of the battery, and it is determined that the state of charge of the second battery does not meet the preset charging condition.
  • the self-wake-up time of battery charging is determined again.
  • the battery state of charge of the battery is also determined according to the operating threshold voltage and the full charge of the battery. For example, if the operating threshold voltage of the battery is 11.4V and the full charge is 12.8V, the state of charge of the battery is 0 when the remaining power of the battery is 11.4V, and the state of charge of the battery is 100% when the remaining power of the battery is 12.8V.
  • step S101 in response to the action of the vehicle entering the sleep state and/or the action of the vehicle's battery management system entering the sleep state, setting the self-wake-up time of the battery charging includes:
  • the remaining power of the power battery of the vehicle is greater than a preset threshold, and the high-voltage system of the vehicle
  • a self-wake-up time for charging the battery is set.
  • the battery management system cannot charge the battery even if the battery management system is awakened. Therefore, the state of charge of the power battery can be determined before the self-wake-up time is set. . If the remaining power of the power battery is not greater than the preset threshold, the operation of setting the self-wake-up time is not performed.
  • the operation and placement of the vehicle should focus on safety. Therefore, if the high-voltage system fails, the high-voltage system such as the power battery cannot complete the power-on action. Similarly, even if the battery management system is woken up, the battery cannot be charged. Therefore, you can set Before the self-wake-up time, determine whether the high-voltage system is malfunctioning. If there is no failure in the high-voltage system, the operation of setting the self-wake-up time will not be performed.
  • the management system is also unable to charge the battery, so it can determine whether the vehicle's on-board charging equipment is electrically connected to the charging pile before setting the self-wake-up time. If the vehicle's on-board charging device is electrically connected to the charging pile, the operation of setting the self-wake-up time is not performed.
  • controlling the battery management system to enter a sleep state includes:
  • the battery management system is controlled to enter a sleep state.
  • the preset charging voltage of the battery can be set according to the time situation.
  • the operating threshold voltage of the battery is 11.4V
  • the preset charging voltage can be set to 12V. In this way, battery loss can be avoided. It can also avoid excessive consumption of power battery power, resulting in shortened cruising range.
  • the preset charging time length of the battery can be determined according to the actual situation, for example, the step-down efficiency of the DC-DC converter and the charging efficiency of the battery.
  • stop charging For example, when the charging time length reaches the preset charging time length of 0.5 hours, the charging is stopped, and the battery management system is controlled to enter the sleep state.
  • the power battery when the remaining power of the power battery is less than the preset threshold, the power battery can no longer provide power to charge the battery, or to ensure the operating range, stop providing power as Battery charging. Therefore, during the charging process of the battery, if the power of the power battery of the vehicle drops below a preset threshold value, the battery management system is controlled to enter a sleep state. For example, during the charging process of the storage battery, if the power of the power battery of the vehicle drops below a preset threshold value of 10%, the battery management system is controlled to enter a sleep state.
  • safety should be the focus of vehicle operation and placement. Therefore, when the battery is charging and the vehicle's high-voltage system fails, the control station The battery management system enters a sleep state.
  • the battery management system is controlled to enter the dormant state in consideration of safety and energy saving of the power battery.
  • the present disclosure also provides a battery charging system, which is used to perform the steps of the above battery charging method.
  • the battery charging system 100 includes vehicle control The battery management system 120 that is communicatively connected to the vehicle controller 110, the DC-DC converter 130 that is communicatively connected to the vehicle controller 110, and the battery that is electrically connected to the DC-DC converter 130 140;
  • the vehicle controller 110 is used for:
  • the battery management system 120 is controlled to enter the dormant state to stop supplying charging power to the storage battery 140.
  • the vehicle controller is specifically used for:
  • the charging time interval sets the self-wake-up time of the battery charging; or,
  • the battery management system is further configured to determine the battery state of charge of the power battery of the vehicle when the self-wake-up time is reached, and when the remaining power of the power battery is greater than a preset threshold In the case of a limit value, send feedback information to the vehicle controller, where the feedback information is used to end the steps of the battery charging method; or,
  • the vehicle controller is specifically used for:
  • the self-wake-up time for charging the battery is set again, and when the self-wake-up time is reached, the battery management system that wakes up the vehicle is returned to step.
  • the vehicle controller is specifically used for:
  • the battery management system is controlled to enter a sleep state.
  • the vehicle controller can set the self-wake-up time of the battery management system, or it can set the self-wake-up time of the DC-DC converter, or
  • the operation of setting the self-wake-up time is performed by other controllers, for example, the body controller.
  • the body controller The detailed description has been made in the embodiment of the lighting control system, and the detailed description will not be given here.
  • a third aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle, which is characterized by including the battery charging system described in any one of the above.
  • the vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle, which is not limited here.
  • the vehicle when the vehicle is in a dormant state, it can be set as the self-wake-up time for battery charging, which can ensure the power of the battery and improve the convenience of using the vehicle.
  • charging the battery according to the self-wake-up time can reduce the time and number of frequent charging. Avoid excessive consumption of the power of the power battery, thereby avoiding reducing the cruising range of the vehicle, and improving the user's experience of using the vehicle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种蓄电池充电方法及系统、车辆,以解决车辆处于休眠状态下蓄电池亏电的问题,包括:响应于车辆进入休眠状态的动作和/或所述车辆的电池管理系统进入休眠状态的动作,设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统,以通过所述车辆的DC-DC转换器向所述蓄电池提供充电电力;在到达预设停止充电条件时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态,以停止向所述蓄电池提供充电电力。车辆处于休眠状态下,可以设置为蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,可以保证蓄电池的电量,提高使用车辆的便捷性。

Description

蓄电池充电方法及系统、车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求在2020年05月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010456623.5、名称为“蓄电池充电方法及系统、车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及车辆工程技术领域,具体地,涉及一种蓄电池充电方法及系统、车辆。
背景技术
新能源汽车虽然以动力电池为动力源,但是车辆的整车控制器,灯具等负载采用低压电,因此,新能源汽车配置有蓄电池。蓄电池可以为整车控制器,灯具,电池管理系统等车辆低压负载提供电力。
相关技术中,电动车处于工作状态下,电池管理系统通过DC-DC转换器保持与蓄电池的电力连接,以给蓄电池充电,保证蓄电池的电量充足,然而在车辆长时间处于休眠状态的情况下,容易出现蓄电池亏电的问题。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种蓄电池充电方法及系统、车辆,以解决车辆处于休眠状态下蓄电池亏电的问题。
为了实现上述目的,本公开第一方面提供一种蓄电池充电方法,所述蓄电池充电方法包括:
响应于车辆进入休眠状态的动作和/或所述车辆的电池管理系统进入休眠状态的动作,设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;
在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统,以通过所述车辆的DC-DC转换器向所述蓄电池提供充电电力;
在到达预设停止充电条件时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态,以停止向所述蓄电池提供充电电力。
可选地,所述设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,包括:
获取所述DC-DC转换器上一次向所述蓄电池提供充电电力的第一充电时间长度,并确定所述第一充电时间长度和预设充电时间长度的百分比,并根据所述百分比和预设充电时间间隔设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;或者,
获取所述DC-DC转换器上一次向所述蓄电池提供充电电力的第一充电时间长度,并根据第一充电时间长度与最小静置时长的对应关系设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;或者
获取所述车辆进入休眠状态前所述蓄电池的第一电池荷电状态,并根据所述第一电池荷电状态以及所述蓄电池的自行放电特性设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;或者,
获取所述车辆进入休眠状态前所述蓄电池的第一电池荷电状态,并根据所述第一电池荷电状态、所述车辆的低压暗电流特性和所述蓄电池的自行放电特性设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。
可选地,所述在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统,包括:
在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,确定所述车辆的动力电池的电池荷电状态,并在所述动力电池的剩余电量大于预设门限值的情况下,唤醒所述电池管理系统;或者,
在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,获取所述蓄电池的第二电池荷电状态,并确定所述第二电池荷电状态是否满足预设充电条件;
若确定所述第二电池荷电状态满足预设充电条件,则唤醒所述电池管理系统;
若确定所述第二电池荷电状态不满足预设充电条件,则再次设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,在达到该自唤醒时间的情况下,返回执行唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统的步骤。
可选地,所述响应于车辆进入休眠状态的动作和/或所述车辆的电池管理系统进入休眠状态的动作,设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,包括:
响应于所述车辆进入休眠状态的动作和/或所述车辆的电池管理系统进入休眠状态的动作,在所述车辆的动力电池的剩余电量大于预设门限值,且所述车辆的高压系统未发生故障,且所述车辆的车载充电设备未与充电桩电力连接的情况下,设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。
可选地,所述在到达预设停止充电条件时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态,包括:
在所述蓄电池的电池荷电状态达到预设充电电压时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
在对所述蓄电池的充电时间长度达到预设充电时间长度时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
在所述蓄电池的充电过程中,若所述车辆的动力电池的电量降低至预设门限值以下,则控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
在所述蓄电池的充电过程中且所述车辆的高压系统发生故障时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
在所述蓄电池的充电过程中,且所述车辆的车载充电设备与充电桩电力连接时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态。
本公开第二方面提供一种蓄电池充电系统,所述蓄电池充电系统用于执行上述蓄电池充电方法的步骤,所述蓄电池充电系统包括电池管理系统,通过DC-DC转换器与所述电池管理系统电力连接的蓄电池,与所述电池管理系统通信连接的整车控制器;
所述整车控制器用于:
响应于车辆进入休眠状态的动作和/或所述车辆的电池管理系统进入休眠状态的动作,设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;
在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统,以通过所述车辆的DC-DC转换器向所述蓄电池提供充电电力;
在到达预设停止充电条件时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态,以停止向所述蓄电池提供充电电力。
可选地,所述整车控制器具体用于:
获取所述DC-DC转换器上一次向所述蓄电池提供充电电力的第一充电时间长度,并确定所述第一充电时间长度和预设充电时间长度的百分比,并根据所述百分比和预设充电时间间隔设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;或者,
获取所述DC-DC转换器上一次向所述蓄电池提供充电电力的第一充电时间长度,并根据第一充电时间长度与最小静置时长的对应关系设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;或者
获取所述车辆进入休眠状态前所述蓄电池的第一电池荷电状态,并根据所述第一电池荷电状态以及所述蓄电池的自行放电特性设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;或者,
获取所述车辆进入休眠状态前所述蓄电池的第一电池荷电状态,并根据所述第一电池荷电状态、所述车辆的低压暗电流特性和所述蓄电池的自行放电特性设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。
可选地,所述电池管理系统还用于,在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,确定所述车辆的动力电池的电池荷电状态,并在所述动力电池的剩余电量大于预设门限值的情况下,向所述整车控制器发送反馈信息,所述反馈信息用于结束所述蓄电池充电方法的步骤;或者,
所述整车控制器具体用于:
在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,获取所述蓄电池的第二电池荷电状态,并确定所述第二电池荷电状态是否满足预设充电条件;
若确定所述第二电池荷电状态满足预设充电条件,则唤醒所述电池管理系统;
若确定所述第二电池荷电状态不满足预设充电条件,则再次设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,在达到该自唤醒时间的情况下,返回执行唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统的步骤。
可选地,所述整车控制器具体用于:
获取所述蓄电池的电池荷电状态,并在所述蓄电池的电池荷电状态达到预设充电电压时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
在对所述蓄电池的充电时间长度达到预设充电时间长度时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
在所述蓄电池的充电过程中,若所述车辆的动力电池的电量降低至预设门限值以下,则控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
在所述蓄电池的充电过程中且所述车辆的高压系统发生故障时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
在所述蓄电池的充电过程中,且所述车辆的车载充电设备与充电桩电力连接时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态。
本公开第三方面提供一种车辆,其特征在于,包括上述任一项所述的蓄电池充电系统。
通过上述技术方案,至少可以达到以下技术效果:
通过响应于车辆进入休眠状态的动作和/或车辆的电池管理系统进入休眠状态的动 作,设置蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;在达到自唤醒时间的情况下,唤醒车辆的电池管理系统,以通过车辆的DC-DC转换器向蓄电池提供充电电力;在到达预设停止充电条件时,控制电池管理系统进入休眠状态,以停止向蓄电池提供充电电力。这样,车辆处于休眠状态下,可以设置为蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,可以保证蓄电池的电量,提高使用车辆的便捷性,并且,根据自唤醒时间为蓄电池充电可以减少频繁充电的时间和次数,避免过多的消耗动力电池的电能,进而避免降低车辆的续航里程,提高用户使用车辆的体验感。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开,但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中:
图1是根据一示例性实施例示出的蓄电池充电方法的实施环境示意图。
图2是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种蓄电池充电方法的流程图。
图3是根据一示例性实施例示出的另一种蓄电池充电方法的流程图。
图4是根据一示例性实施例示出的另一种蓄电池充电方法的流程图。
图5是根据一示例性实施例示出的另一种蓄电池充电方法的流程图。
图6是根据一示例性实施例示出的另一种蓄电池充电方法的流程图。
图7是根据一示例性实施例示出的另一种蓄电池充电方法的流程图。
图8是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种蓄电池充电系统的框图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开,并不用于限制本公开。
需要说明的是,本公开的说明书和权利要求书以及附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象,而不必理解为描述特定的顺序或先后次序。并且,本公开的说明书和权利要求书以及附图中的“S1012”、“S1013”等并不是表征所述蓄电池充电方法执行步骤的先后顺序。同样是用于区别类似的执行步骤。
在介绍本公开所提供的蓄电池充电方法及系统、车辆之前,首先对本公开各实施例 的应用场景进行介绍。本公开的各实施例可以用于解决在车辆长时间处于休眠状态下,例如,用户出差长时间放置不使用车辆的情况,为车辆的蓄电池充电,可以保证车辆低压蓄电池的电量,避免蓄电池电量低于有效门限电量,导致无法使用车辆的问题,例如无法启动,无法打开车门等等,造成使用车辆不便捷。
本公开各实施例可以应用于纯电动汽车,也可以应用于插电式混合动力汽车,或者其他形式的混合动力汽车以及燃料电池汽车,例如,氢燃料电池汽车,当然,也可以应用于无人驾驶的物流车等等。参考图1所示,为本公开实施环境的示意图。可选地,包括:VCU(Vehicle Control Unit整车控制器),用于执行整车控制功能。OBC(ON-Board Controller车载充电机),用于连接充电桩和动力电池,完成动力电池充电,并向VCU报告连接状态。BCM((Body Control Module车身控制模块),用于控制驾驶室负载,并向VCU反馈安全信号。蓄电池,用于提供整车低压电。DC-DC转换器,用于将动力电池提供的高压电降压为蓄电池充电的低压电,例如,降压为12V,24V等,并接受VCU控制以及向VCU反馈工作状态。BMS(Battery Management System电池管理系统)用于接受VCU控制以及向VCU发送反馈信号,并接收动力电池的状态信息等。动力电池,用于储存电能,并向驱动电机,DC-DC转换器等提供电能。
相关技术中,通过在蓄电池安置传感器,并设置蓄电池充电的门限电压,在通过传感器采集到蓄电池的电池荷电状态达到门限电压时,唤醒电池管理系统,通过DC-DC转换器为蓄电池充电。
然而在实际使用过程中,申请人发现,在蓄电池安置传感器不仅造成整车生产成本增加,而且,频繁的为蓄电池充电,造成充电的时间和次数增加,必定过多的消耗动力电池的电能,导致车辆的续航里程降低。
为此,本公开提供一种蓄电池充电方法,参照图2所示出的一种蓄电池充电方法的流程图,所述蓄电池充电方法包括:
S101、响应于车辆进入休眠状态的动作和/或所述车辆的电池管理系统进入休眠状态的动作,设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。
S102、在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统,以通过所述车辆的DC-DC转换器向所述蓄电池提供充电电力。
S103、在到达预设停止充电条件时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态,以停止向所述蓄电池提供充电电力。
具体地,车辆进入休眠状态的动作可以是当车辆熄火以后,在动力电池以及其他高压系统冷却结束以后,将整车控制器进入休眠状态的动作作为车辆进入休眠状态的动作。车辆的电池管理系统进入休眠具体是指,当车辆处于休眠状态时,上一次蓄电池充电完成以后,电池管理系统进入休眠状态的动作。
示例地,车辆熄火以后,整车控制器在接收到车辆门锁已处于关闭状态,且动力电池,驱动电机的冷却系统已停止工作,此时,整车控制器准备进入休眠状态,整车控制器可以设置蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。在一种可能实现的方式中,可以根据预设自唤醒时间设置蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。
值得说明的是,若未达到自唤醒时间车辆解锁,车辆不再处于休眠状态,则当前自唤醒时间失效。蓄电池在达到自唤醒时间的情况下,可以先判断所述车辆是否处于休眠状态。若车辆处于休眠状态,唤醒电池管理系统,例如,整车控制器向电池管理系统发送唤醒指令,电池管理系统在接收到该唤醒指令后,建立动力电池与DC-DC转换器高压连接。
进一步地,电池管理系统接收动力电池的状态,并控制动力电池将存储的电能输送到DC-DC转换器,DC-DC转换器将接收的电能经过降压后输送到蓄电池,为蓄电池充电。
进一步地,在到达预设停止充电条件时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态,例如,整车控制器向电池管理系统发送休眠指令,电池管理系统在接收到该休眠指令后,控制动力电池与DC-DC转换器的高压连接断开,停止蓄电池充电,电池管理系统进入休眠状态。
可选地,唤醒电池管理系统时,同时唤醒动力电池的冷却系统,以避免动力电池在工作过程中过热,保证车辆的安全性。在控制电池管理系统进入休眠状态后,达到动力电池冷却退出条件后,再控制冷却系统进入休眠状态。
上述技术方案通过响应于车辆进入休眠状态的动作和/或车辆的电池管理系统进入休眠状态的动作,设置蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;在达到自唤醒时间的情况下,唤醒车辆的电池管理系统,以通过车辆的DC-DC转换器向蓄电池提供充电电力;在到达预设停止充电条件时,控制电池管理系统进入休眠状态,以停止向蓄电池提供充电电力。这样,车辆处于休眠状态下,可以设置为蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,可以保证蓄电池的电量,提高使用车辆的便捷性,并且,根据自唤醒时间为蓄电池充电可以减少频繁充电的时间 和次数,避免过多的消耗动力电池的电能,进而避免降低车辆的续航里程,提高用户使用车辆的体验感。
在步骤S101中,参照图3所示出的另一种蓄电池充电方法的流程图,所述设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,包括:
S1011、获取所述DC-DC转换器上一次向所述蓄电池提供充电电力的第一充电时间长度。
S1012、确定所述第一充电时间长度和预设充电时间长度的百分比,并根据所述百分比和预设充电时间间隔设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。
可选地,获取DC-DC转换器上一次向蓄电池提供充电电力的第一充电时间长度,例如,从整车控制器,电池管理系统获取该第一充电时间长度,根据第一充电时间长度占预设充电时间长度的百分比,确定上一次蓄电池充电后蓄电池的电量。进而,根据该百分比和预设充电时间间隔确定自唤醒时间为64小时。
示例地,整车控制器获取到上一次向蓄电池提供充电电力的第一充电时间长度为0.4小时,确定第一充电时间长度0.4小时是预设充电时间长度0.5的80%,则根据该百分比80%与预设充电时间间隔80小时确定自唤醒时间为64小时。
又一示例,整车控制器获取到上一次向蓄电池提供充电电力的第一充电时间长度为0.2小时,第一充电时间长度0.2小时是预设充电时间长度0.5的40%,进一步地,根据该百分比40%与预设充电时间间隔80小时确定自唤醒时间为40小时。
可选地,根据第一充电时间长度与最小静置时长的对应关系设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,可以建立第一充电时间长度t与最小静置时长T1的对应关系,如下表所示:
第一充电时间长度(h) t≤0.5 0.5<t≤1 1<t≤1.5 t>1.5
自唤醒时间(h) T1 1.5*T1 2*T1 2.5*T1
其中,最小静置时长T1不小于24小时。
示例地,若整车控制器获取到上一次向蓄电池提供充电电力的第一充电时间长度为2小时,则根据第一充电时间长度t与最小静置时长T1的对应关系,确定自唤醒时间为60小时。
这样,可以根据上一次蓄电池充电的第一时间长度确定蓄电池在车辆休眠状态下的电量,从而确定自唤醒时间,可以保证蓄电池的电量,也可以避免频繁唤醒电池管理系统,避免蓄电池和动力电池的电量消耗。
在步骤S101中,参照图4所示出的另一种蓄电池充电方法的流程图,所述设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,包括:
S1013、获取所述车辆进入休眠状态前所述蓄电池的第一电池荷电状态。
S1014、根据所述第一电池荷电状态以及所述蓄电池的自行放电特性设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。
可以理解的是,由于存在蓄电池正负极材料不同,制作工艺不同和制作精度不同,蓄电池的自行放电特性也不同,因此,蓄电池在车辆处于休眠状态时自行放电的速率也是不同的,蓄电池自行放电是蓄电池亏电的一个重要原因。
具体地,可以将蓄电池的自行放电特性存储在整车控制器的存储器中,在车辆进入休眠状态或者电池管理系统进入休眠状态时,获取蓄电池的第一电池荷电状态,例如,整车控制器可以获取蓄电池的电池电压,计算得到该第一电池荷电状态。进一步地,设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。
示例地,整车控制器在车辆进入休眠状态前,获取到蓄电池的电池电压为11.6V,根据该蓄电池的自行放电特性每40小时自行放电0.1V,再根据蓄电池工作门限电压为11.4V,则确定蓄电池经过80小时自行放电,蓄电池电压将下降到11.4V,确定蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间为80小时,进一步地,设置蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间为80小时。
这样,可以根据蓄电池的自行放电特性合理地确定蓄电池在多久时间以后会出现亏电,进而确定自唤醒时间,提高了确定自唤醒时间的合理性,保证了蓄电池有充足的电量。
在步骤S101中,参照图5所示出的另一种蓄电池充电方法的流程图,所述设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,包括:
S1015、获取所述车辆进入休眠状态前所述蓄电池的第一电池荷电状态。
S1016、根据所述第一电池荷电状态、所述车辆的低压暗电流特性和所述蓄电池的自行放电特性设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。
可以理解的是,由于车辆的低压负载在车辆休眠状态下,仍然与蓄电池连接,并且,低压负载,例如车身控制模块等在车辆休眠状态下仍然需要保持常电,以随时可以响应车辆解锁。因此,车辆会存在低压暗电流,这也是蓄电池亏电的一个重要原因。
因此,在确定蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间时,可以将低压暗电流作为研究方向之一。
示例地,整车控制器在车辆进入休眠状态前,获取到蓄电池的电池电压为11.6V, 根据该蓄电池的自行放电特性每40小时自行放电0.1V,以及车辆低压暗电流特性为每200小时造成蓄电池电压下降0.1V,再根据蓄电池工作门限电压为11.4V,则确定蓄电池经过66.6小时自行放电,蓄电池电压将下降到11.4V,进而确定蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间为66.6小时,进一步地,设置蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间为66.6小时。
这样,可以根据蓄电池的自行放电特性和车辆地沿暗电流特性合理地确定蓄电池在多久时间以后会出现亏电,进而确定自唤醒时间,提高了确定自唤醒时间的合理性,保证了蓄电池有充足的电量。
在步骤S102中,参照图6所示出的另一种蓄电池充电方法的流程图,所述在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统,包括:
S1021、在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,确定所述车辆的动力电池的电池荷电状态。
S1022、在所述动力电池的剩余电量大于预设门限值的情况下,唤醒所述电池管理系统。
可以说明的是,动力电池的电池荷电状态可以表征动力电池的剩余电量,通蓄电池一样,在动力电池的剩余电量小于动力电池的门限值时,动力电池无法再提供电力为蓄电池充电,或者为保证可运行里程,停止提供电力为蓄电池充电。
示例地,整车控制器获取到动力电池的电池荷电状态为50%,进而确定动力电池的剩余电量为400kW·h,剩余电量大于预设门限值380kW·h,即剩余电量400kW·h大于预设门限值380kW·h,唤醒所述电池管理系统。
又一示例,整车控制器获取到动力电池的电池荷电状态为9%,进而确定动力电池的剩余电量为370kW·h,剩余电量小于预设门限值380kW·h,即剩余电量370kW·h小于预设门限值380kW·h,则不执行唤醒所述电池管理系统的操作。
值得说明的是,电池荷电状态是根据门限值和动力电池满电荷确定的。例如,动力电池门限值为380kW·h,满电荷为480kW·h,则动力电池的剩余电量为380kW·h时电池荷电状态为0,动力电池的剩余电量为480kW·h时电池荷电状态为100%。
可选地,可以直接根据电池荷电状态与电量门限值确定是否唤醒电池管理系统,例如,在电池荷电状态不小于电量门限值10%时,唤醒电池管理系统;在电池荷电状态小于电量门限值10%时,不执行唤醒电池管理系统的操作。
在步骤S102中,参照图7所示出的另一种蓄电池充电方法的流程图,所述在达到 所述自唤醒时间的情况下,唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统,包括:
S1023、在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,获取所述蓄电池的第二电池荷电状态,并确定所述第二电池荷电状态是否满足预设充电条件。
S1024、若确定所述第二电池荷电状态满足预设充电条件,则唤醒所述电池管理系统。
S1025、若确定所述第二电池荷电状态不满足预设充电条件,则再次设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,在达到该自唤醒时间的情况下,返回执行唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统的步骤。
可以理解的是,上述实施例已经说明,蓄电池出现亏电的原因,可能是因为蓄电池的自行放电,和/或车辆的低压暗电流,由于车辆在不同的环境条件下,例如,环境温度不同,环境湿度不同,均会造成蓄电池亏电速率不同,而为保证及时给蓄电池充电,设计上一般是采用最快的亏电条件来确定蓄电池的自唤醒时间,那么,在其他环境条件下,蓄电池亏电的速率通常是小于该设计时的预估亏电速率。
具体地,在达到自唤醒时间的情况下,可以再次获取蓄电池的第二电池荷电状态,并确定第二电池荷电状态是否满足预设充电条件。例如,整车控制器在达到自唤醒时间的情况下,获取蓄电池的第二电池荷电状态。
可选地,预设充电条件可以是第二电池荷电状态表征的剩余电量是否小于蓄电池工作门限电压对应的剩余电量。若第二电池荷电状态表征的剩余电量小于蓄电池工作门限电压对应的剩余电量,则确定所述第二电池荷电状态满足预设充电条件;若第二电池荷电状态表征的剩余电量不小于蓄电池工作门限电压对应的剩余电量,则确定所述第二电池荷电状态不满足预设充电条件。
示例地,获取到第二电池荷电状态为0,则确定蓄电池的剩余电量已不大于11.4V,则确定所述第二电池荷电状态满足预设充电条件。
又一示例,获取到第二电池荷电状态为90%,根据蓄电池满电荷为12.8V,蓄电池工作门限电压为11.4V,确定第二电池荷电状态为90%表征的剩余电量为12.6V,即第二电池荷电状态为90%表征的剩余电量为12.6V大于蓄电池工作门限电压对应的剩余电量11.4V,则确定所述第二电池荷电状态不满足预设充电条件。
进一步地,根据剩余电量为12.6V或者上一次充电时间长度为0,再次确定蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。
值得说明的是,同动力电池一样,蓄电池的电池荷电状态也是根据工作门限电压和蓄电池满电荷确定的。例如,蓄电池的工作门限电压为11.4V,满电荷为12.8V,则蓄电池的剩余电量为11.4V时电池荷电状态为0,蓄电池的剩余电量为12.8V时电池荷电状态为100%。
这样,可以根据蓄电池实际的亏电情况,确定是否为蓄电池充电,进一步地提高了蓄电池充电的合理性,避免动力电池的电量消耗,造成续航里程缩短。
在步骤S101中,所述响应于车辆进入休眠状态的动作和/或所述车辆的电池管理系统进入休眠状态的动作,设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,包括:
响应于所述车辆进入休眠状态的动作和/或所述车辆的电池管理系统进入休眠状态的动作,在所述车辆的动力电池的剩余电量大于预设门限值,且所述车辆的高压系统未发生故障,且所述车辆的车载充电设备未与充电桩电力连接的情况下,设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。
可以理解的是,车辆动力电池的剩余电量若已经不大于预设门限值,则即使唤醒电池管理系统也无法为蓄电池充电,因此,可以在设置自唤醒时间前,确定动力电池的荷电状态。若动力电池的剩余电量不大于预设门限值则不执行设置自唤醒时间的操作。
并且,车辆运行和放置应当以安全性为重点,因此,若高压系统出现故障,动力电池等高压系统无法完成上电动作,同理即使唤醒电池管理系统也无法为蓄电池充电,因此,可以在设置自唤醒时间前,确定高压系统是否发生故障。若高压系统未发生故障则不执行设置自唤醒时间的操作。
此外,车辆的车载充电设备,例如,充电插座,取流极板,与充电桩电连接的情况下,考虑整车高压安全性,此时,动力电池将断开电能输出,同理即使唤醒电池管理系统也无法为蓄电池充电,因此,可以在设置自唤醒时间前,确定车辆的车载充电设备是否与充电桩电力连接。若车辆的车载充电设备与充电桩电力连接则不执行设置自唤醒时间的操作。
这样,在确定自唤醒时间之前,确定是否能够执行蓄电池充电的操作,避免确定自唤醒时间后也无法完成蓄电池充电,浪费相应控制器的资源。
在步骤S103中,所述在到达预设停止充电条件时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态,包括:
在所述蓄电池的电池荷电状态达到预设充电电压时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休 眠状态;或者,
在对所述蓄电池的充电时间长度达到预设充电时间长度时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
在所述蓄电池的充电过程中,若所述车辆的动力电池的电量降低至预设门限值以下,则控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
在所述蓄电池的充电过程中且所述车辆的高压系统发生故障时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
在所述蓄电池的充电过程中,且所述车辆的车载充电设备与充电桩电力连接时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态。
在一种可能实现的方式中,可以根据时间情况,设置蓄电池的预设充电电压,例如,蓄电池的工作门限电压为11.4V,可以设置预设充电电压为12V,这样,可以避免蓄电池亏电,也可以避免过多的消耗动力电池的电能,造成续航里程缩短。
在另一种可能实现的方式中,可以根据实际情况,例如,DC-DC转换器的降压效率,蓄电池的充电效率,确定蓄电池的预设充电时间长度,在充电时间长度达到预设充电时间长度时,停止充电。例如,在充电时间长度达到预设充电时间长度0.5小时时,停止充电,并控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态。
在又一种可能实现的方式中,同上述实施例相同,动力电池的剩余电量小于预设门限值时,动力电池无法再提供电力为蓄电池充电,或者为保证可运行里程,停止提供电力为蓄电池充电。因此,在所述蓄电池的充电过程中,若所述车辆的动力电池的电量降低至预设门限值以下,则控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态。例如,在所述蓄电池的充电过程中,若所述车辆的动力电池的电量降低至预设门限值10%以下,则控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态。
在又一种可能实现的方式中,同上述实施例相同,车辆运行和放置应当以安全性为重点,因此,在所述蓄电池的充电过程中且所述车辆的高压系统发生故障时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态。
可选地,在所述蓄电池的充电过程中,若获取到车辆门锁有闭锁状态切换至打开状态,则处于安全以及节约动力电池电能的考虑,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态。
本公开还提供一种蓄电池充电系统,所述蓄电池充电系统用于执行上述蓄电池充电方法的步骤,参照图8所示出的一种蓄电池充电系统的框图,所述蓄电池充电系统100 包括整车控制器110,与所述整车控制器110通信连接的电池管理系统120,与所述整车控制器110通信连接的DC-DC转换器130,与所述DC-DC转换器130电力连接的蓄电池140;
所述整车控制器110用于:
响应于车辆进入休眠状态的动作和/或所述车辆的电池管理系统120进入休眠状态的动作,设置所述蓄电池140充电的自唤醒时间;
在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统120,以通过所述车辆的DC-DC转换器130向所述蓄电池140提供充电电力;
在到达预设停止充电条件时,控制所述电池管理系统120进入休眠状态,以停止向所述蓄电池140提供充电电力。
可选地,所述整车控制器具体用于:
获取所述DC-DC转换器上一次向所述蓄电池提供充电电力的第一充电时间长度,并确定所述第一充电时间长度和预设充电时间长度的百分比,并根据所述百分比和预设充电时间间隔设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;或者,
获取所述DC-DC转换器上一次向所述蓄电池提供充电电力的第一充电时间长度,并根据第一充电时间长度与最小静置时长的对应关系设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;或者,
获取所述车辆进入休眠状态前所述蓄电池的第一电池荷电状态,并根据所述第一电池荷电状态以及所述蓄电池的自行放电特性设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;或者,
获取所述车辆进入休眠状态前所述蓄电池的第一电池荷电状态,并根据所述第一电池荷电状态、所述车辆的低压暗电流特性和所述蓄电池的自行放电特性设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。
可选地,所述电池管理系统还用于,在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,确定所述车辆的动力电池的电池荷电状态,并在所述动力电池的剩余电量大于预设门限值的情况下,向所述整车控制器发送反馈信息,所述反馈信息用于结束所述蓄电池充电方法的步骤;或者,
所述整车控制器具体用于:
在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,获取所述蓄电池的第二电池荷电状态,并确定所述第二电池荷电状态是否满足预设充电条件;
若确定所述第二电池荷电状态满足预设充电条件,则唤醒所述电池管理系统;
若确定所述第二电池荷电状态不满足预设充电条件,则再次设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,在达到该自唤醒时间的情况下,返回执行唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统的步骤。
可选地,所述整车控制器具体用于:
获取所述蓄电池的电池荷电状态,并在所述蓄电池的电池荷电状态达到预设充电电压时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
在对所述蓄电池的充电时间长度达到预设充电时间长度时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
在所述蓄电池的充电过程中,若所述车辆的动力电池的电量降低至预设门限值以下,则控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
在所述蓄电池的充电过程中且所述车辆的高压系统发生故障时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
在所述蓄电池的充电过程中,且所述车辆的车载充电设备与充电桩电力连接时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态。
关于上述实施例中的系统,其中各个执行主体执行操作的具体方式已经在有关该方法的实施例中进行了详细描述,此处将不做详细阐述说明。
上述系统执行的步骤,在不违背本公开的技术构思范围内,可以,例如,整车控制器设置电池管理系统的自唤醒时间,也可以是设置DC-DC转换器的自唤醒时间,也可以由其他控制器执行设置自唤醒时间的操作,例如,车身控制器。已经在照明控制系统实施例中进行了详细说明,此处将不做详细阐述说明。
本公开第三方面提供一种车辆,其特征在于,包括上述任一项所述的蓄电池充电系统。
关于上述车辆,可以是纯电动汽车,也可以是混合动力的电动汽车,此处不做限定。这样,在车辆处于休眠状态下,可以设置为蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,可以保证蓄电池的电量,提高使用车辆的便捷性,并且,根据自唤醒时间为蓄电池充电可以减少频繁充电的时间和次数,避免过多的消耗动力电池的电能,进而避免降低车辆的续航里程,提高用户使用车辆的体验感。
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式,但是,本公开并不限于上述实施 方式中的具体细节,在本公开的技术构思范围内,可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合,为了避免不必要的重复,本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外,本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合,只要其不违背本公开的思想,其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种蓄电池充电方法,其特征在于,所述蓄电池充电方法包括:
    响应于车辆进入休眠状态的动作和/或所述车辆的电池管理系统进入休眠状态的动作,设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;
    在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统,以通过所述车辆的DC-DC转换器向所述蓄电池提供充电电力;
    在到达预设停止充电条件时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态,以停止向所述蓄电池提供充电电力。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的蓄电池充电方法,其特征在于,所述设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,包括:
    获取所述DC-DC转换器上一次向所述蓄电池提供充电电力的第一充电时间长度,并确定所述第一充电时间长度和预设充电时间长度的百分比,并根据所述百分比和预设充电时间间隔设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;或者,
    获取所述DC-DC转换器上一次向所述蓄电池提供充电电力的第一充电时间长度,并根据第一充电时间长度与最小静置时长的对应关系设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;或者,
    获取所述车辆进入休眠状态前所述蓄电池的第一电池荷电状态,并根据所述第一电池荷电状态以及所述蓄电池的自行放电特性设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;或者,
    获取所述车辆进入休眠状态前所述蓄电池的第一电池荷电状态,并根据所述第一电池荷电状态、所述车辆的低压暗电流特性和所述蓄电池的自行放电特性设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的蓄电池充电方法,其特征在于,所述在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统,包括:
    在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,确定所述车辆的动力电池的电池荷电状态,并在所述动力电池的剩余电量大于预设门限值的情况下,唤醒所述电池管理系统;或者,
    在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,获取所述蓄电池的第二电池荷电状态,并确定所述第二电池荷电状态是否满足预设充电条件;
    若确定所述第二电池荷电状态满足预设充电条件,则唤醒所述电池管理系统;
    若确定所述第二电池荷电状态不满足预设充电条件,则再次设置所述蓄电池充电的 自唤醒时间,在达到该自唤醒时间的情况下,返回执行唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统的步骤。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的蓄电池充电方法,所述响应于车辆进入休眠状态的动作和/或所述车辆的电池管理系统进入休眠状态的动作,设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,包括:
    响应于所述车辆进入休眠状态的动作和/或所述车辆的电池管理系统进入休眠状态的动作,在所述车辆的动力电池的剩余电量大于预设门限值,且所述车辆的高压系统未发生故障,且所述车辆的车载充电设备未与充电桩电力连接的情况下,设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的蓄电池充电方法,其特征在于,所述在到达预设停止充电条件时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态,包括:
    在所述蓄电池的电池荷电状态达到预设充电电压时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
    在对所述蓄电池的充电时间长度达到预设充电时间长度时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
    在所述蓄电池的充电过程中,若所述车辆的动力电池的电量降低至预设门限值以下,则控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
    在所述蓄电池的充电过程中且所述车辆的高压系统发生故障时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
    在所述蓄电池的充电过程中,且所述车辆的车载充电设备与充电桩电力连接时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态。
  6. 一种蓄电池充电系统,其特征在于,所述蓄电池充电系统用于执行权利要求1中的蓄电池充电方法的步骤,所述蓄电池充电系统包括整车控制器,与所述整车控制器通信连接的电池管理系统,与所述整车控制器通信连接的DC-DC转换器,与所述DC-DC转换器电力连接的蓄电池;
    所述整车控制器用于:
    响应于车辆进入休眠状态的动作和/或所述车辆的电池管理系统进入休眠状态的动作,设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;
    在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统,以通过所述车辆 的DC-DC转换器向所述蓄电池提供充电电力;
    在到达预设停止充电条件时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态,以停止向所述蓄电池提供充电电力。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的蓄电池充电系统,其特征在于,所述整车控制器具体用于:
    获取所述DC-DC转换器上一次向所述蓄电池提供充电电力的第一充电时间长度,并确定所述第一充电时间长度和预设充电时间长度的百分比,并根据所述百分比和预设充电时间间隔设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;或者,
    获取所述DC-DC转换器上一次向所述蓄电池提供充电电力的第一充电时间长度,并根据第一充电时间长度与最小静置时长的对应关系设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;或者
    获取所述车辆进入休眠状态前所述蓄电池的第一电池荷电状态,并根据所述第一电池荷电状态以及所述蓄电池的自行放电特性设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间;或者,
    获取所述车辆进入休眠状态前所述蓄电池的第一电池荷电状态,并根据所述第一电池荷电状态、所述车辆的低压暗电流特性和所述蓄电池的自行放电特性设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的蓄电池充电系统,其特征在于,所述电池管理系统还用于,在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,确定所述车辆的动力电池的电池荷电状态,并在所述动力电池的剩余电量大于预设门限值的情况下,向所述整车控制器发送反馈信息,所述反馈信息用于结束所述蓄电池充电方法的步骤;或者,
    所述整车控制器具体用于:
    在达到所述自唤醒时间的情况下,获取所述蓄电池的第二电池荷电状态,并确定所述第二电池荷电状态是否满足预设充电条件;
    若确定所述第二电池荷电状态满足预设充电条件,则唤醒所述电池管理系统;
    若确定所述第二电池荷电状态不满足预设充电条件,则再次设置所述蓄电池充电的自唤醒时间,在达到该自唤醒时间的情况下,返回执行唤醒所述车辆的电池管理系统的步骤。
  9. 根据权利要求6-8任一项所述的蓄电池充电系统,其特征在于,所述整车控制器具体用于:
    获取所述蓄电池的电池荷电状态,并在所述蓄电池的电池荷电状态达到预设充电电压时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
    在对所述蓄电池的充电时间长度达到预设充电时间长度时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
    在所述蓄电池的充电过程中,若所述车辆的动力电池的电量降低至预设门限值以下,则控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
    在所述蓄电池的充电过程中且所述车辆的高压系统发生故障时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态;或者,
    在所述蓄电池的充电过程中,且所述车辆的车载充电设备与充电桩电力连接时,控制所述电池管理系统进入休眠状态。
  10. 一种整车控制器,其特征在于,包括:
    存储器,其上存储有计算机程序指令;
    处理器,用于执行所述存储器中的所述计算机程序指令,以实现权利要求1-5中任一项所述的蓄电池充电方法的步骤。
  11. 一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序指令,其特征在于,该程序指令被处理器执行时实现权利要求1-5中任一项所述的蓄电池充电方法的步骤。
  12. 一种车辆,其特征在于,包括权利要求6-9任一项所述的蓄电池充电系统。
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