WO2021229729A1 - 燃料電池セルおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池セルおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021229729A1 WO2021229729A1 PCT/JP2020/019145 JP2020019145W WO2021229729A1 WO 2021229729 A1 WO2021229729 A1 WO 2021229729A1 JP 2020019145 W JP2020019145 W JP 2020019145W WO 2021229729 A1 WO2021229729 A1 WO 2021229729A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0232—Metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1097—Fuel cells applied on a support, e.g. miniature fuel cells deposited on silica supports
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1213—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
- H01M8/1226—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material characterised by the supporting layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0241—Composites
- H01M8/0245—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1213—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
- H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
- H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
- H01M8/1253—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides the electrolyte containing zirconium oxide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1286—Fuel cells applied on a support, e.g. miniature fuel cells deposited on silica supports
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/2428—Grouping by arranging unit cells on a surface of any form, e.g. planar or tubular
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/2432—Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell and a method for manufacturing the same, for example, a solid electrolyte layer formed by a film forming process.
- Non-Patent Document 1 describes a cell technique for forming an anode layer, a solid electrolyte layer, and a cathode layer of a fuel cell film by a thin film film forming process in a fuel cell.
- the internal resistance As the internal resistance, the ohmic resistance of the solid electrolyte layer can be reduced by thinning the solid electrolyte layer, but the polarization resistance of the cathode layer and the anode layer cannot be reduced. Therefore, there is a limit to the improvement of the output power by reducing the internal resistance, and it is necessary to increase the output power by other measures.
- Non-Patent Document 2 an anode layer, a solid electrolyte layer, and a cathode layer of a fuel cell membrane having a three-dimensional structure are formed on a substrate by a thin film film forming process, and the surface area is increased to increase the output per projected area on the substrate. Techniques for improving power are disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a continuous solid phase matrix and a stack containing a tubular fuel cell embedded in the matrix.
- Patent Document 2 a fuel cell in which a porous substrate having a plurality of through holes is provided with a tubular fuel cell element having a solid electrolyte layer sandwiched between an air electrode layer and a fuel electrode layer in the through holes. It discloses the structure of being a block.
- Non-Patent Document 2 when a fuel cell film having a three-dimensional structure is produced on a substrate by a thin film film forming process, the mechanical strength of the thin film is weakened. Therefore, it is difficult to form a fuel cell membrane having a three-dimensional structure in a wide area.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is capable of increasing the output power per projected area on the substrate and forming a fuel cell film in a wide area of the substrate. It is an object of the present invention to provide a battery cell and a method for manufacturing the same.
- An example of a fuel cell according to the present invention is The first board and The first support material layer formed on one side or both sides of the first substrate, and In the first support material layer, a plurality of holes or columns formed so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the first substrate.
- the laminate is supported by the first support material layer at least at the upper end and the lower end of the plurality of holes or columns.
- An example of the method for manufacturing a fuel cell according to the present invention is The process of forming a metal oxide layer on the surface of the substrate, The step of forming an uneven structure on the metal oxide layer and A step of forming a lower electrode layer, a solid electrolyte layer, and an upper electrode layer on the surface of the uneven structure in this order. A step of removing a part of the substrate in contact with the metal oxide layer, The step of making the metal oxide layer porous by reduction annealing and It is characterized by having.
- An example of the method for manufacturing a fuel cell according to the present invention is The process of forming the first support material layer on both sides of the first substrate, and A step of forming a plurality of first through holes penetrating the first substrate and the first support material layer, and A step of forming a laminate on the inner peripheral surface of the plurality of first through holes and the surface of at least one side of the first support material layer, wherein the laminate is a solid with a lower electrode layer.
- a step of forming a laminate comprising an electrolyte layer and an upper electrode layer A step of forming a hole in the first substrate by removing a portion of the first substrate that is in contact with the laminated body formed in the plurality of first through holes. It is characterized by having.
- the fuel cell according to the present invention it is possible to increase the output power per projected area on the substrate and to form the fuel cell film in a wide area of the substrate.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the structural example of the conventional fuel cell. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the fuel cell module which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the figure which looked at the shield plate from the side of a fuel cell. It is the figure which looked at the shield plate from the back side (that is, the side opposite to the fuel cell). It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is an enlarged perspective view of a part of the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the 1st modification of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the 2nd modification of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows one time point of the manufacturing process of the 3rd modification of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the 3rd modification of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the 4th modification of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a graph explaining the effect of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns
- FIG. 1 It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
- FIG. It is a figure explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 1 which concerns
- the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction are used as explanatory directions.
- the X direction and the Y direction are orthogonal to each other and form a horizontal plane.
- the Z direction is a vertical direction with respect to the horizontal plane and is a vertical direction.
- the positive direction in the Z direction is the upward direction
- the negative direction in the Z direction is the downward direction. It should be noted that these directions are defined for convenience of explanation and are not related to the directions when the fuel cell is actually installed or used.
- hatching may be omitted in order to make the drawings easier to see even if they are cross-sectional views. Further, even if it is a plan view, hatching may be added to make the drawing easier to see.
- the size of each part does not correspond to the actual device, and in order to make the drawing easy to understand, a specific part may be displayed relatively large. Further, even when the cross-sectional view and the plan view correspond to each other, a specific portion may be displayed in a relatively large size in order to make the drawing easy to understand.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a conventional fuel cell. This fuel cell is a thin film process type. With reference to FIG. 1, the prior art relating to the improvement of the output power per projected area on the substrate and the reduction of the operating temperature will be described.
- the fuel cell has a thinned solid electrolyte layer.
- a thin film process type fuel cell that forms a solid electrolyte layer in the film formation process is optimal for this purpose.
- silicon, ceramic, glass, metal, etc. can be used for the substrate.
- an insulating film is formed on a substrate, a solid electrolyte layer is formed on the insulating film, and an upper electrode layer is formed on the solid electrolyte layer. Further, a lower electrode layer is formed from the lower side of the substrate through the opening formed in the substrate.
- the upper electrode layer and the lower electrode layer can be formed of a porous material.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a configuration example of the fuel cell module according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- This fuel cell module includes a thin film process type SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell) as a fuel cell.
- the gas flow path in the module is separated into a flow path of a fuel gas (for example, a gas containing hydrogen) and a flow path of an oxidant gas (for example, a gas containing oxygen, and as a specific example, air).
- the fuel gas flow path includes a fuel inlet, a fuel chamber, and a fuel exhaust.
- the flow path of the oxidant gas includes an air inlet (Air intake), an air chamber (Air chamber), and an air exhaust port (Air exhaust).
- the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are shielded by the shielding plate (Partition) of FIG. 2 so as not to be mixed in the module.
- Wiring is drawn out from the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the fuel cell by a connector, and the wiring is connected to an external load.
- FIG. 3 is a view of the shielding plate from the side of the fuel cell.
- the fuel cell is mounted on the shielding plate. Although one fuel cell may be used, a plurality of fuel cells are generally arranged.
- FIG. 4 is a view of the shielding plate from the back side (that is, the side opposite to the fuel cell). A hole is formed in the shielding plate for each fuel cell, so that fuel gas is supplied to the fuel cell from the fuel chamber.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of the fuel cell 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the fuel cell 1 corresponds to the fuel cell shown in FIGS. 2 to 4.
- the fuel cell 1 includes a silicon substrate 2 (first substrate).
- the insulating film 3 is formed on a part of the upper surface of the silicon substrate 2.
- the insulating film 3 can be formed of, for example, a silicon oxide film or a silicon nitride film.
- An opening 50 from which the silicon substrate 2 has been removed is formed in the central portion of the silicon substrate 2.
- a porous support material layer 5 (first support material layer) is formed on the upper side surface of the silicon substrate 2.
- the periphery of the porous support material layer 5 in the XY direction is surrounded by the insulating film 3.
- the porous support material layer 5 can be formed of, for example, metallic nickel.
- a nickel oxide layer 4 (first support material layer) may be formed on the outer edge of the porous support material layer 5 in the XY direction by a manufacturing process described later.
- a plurality of holes 60 are formed on the upper surface of the porous support material layer 5.
- the hole 60 is a bottomed hole and is formed so as to extend in the vertical direction (that is, the direction perpendicular to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2).
- a lower electrode layer 20 is formed on the porous support material layer 5. The lower electrode layer 20 is formed so as to cover the bottom portion of the hole 60, the side wall portion of the hole 60, and one side surface of the porous support material layer 5.
- the lower electrode layer 20 may be formed of, for example, platinum, or may be formed of a cermet material composed of platinum and a metal oxide.
- a solid electrolyte layer 100 is formed on the upper side of the lower electrode layer 20.
- the solid electrolyte layer 100 is formed of, for example, an yttria-doped zirconia thin film.
- the doping amount of yttria can be, for example, 3% or 8%.
- the solid electrolyte layer 100 is formed so as to completely cover the opening 50, and like the lower electrode layer 20, the bottom portion of the hole 60, the side wall portion of the hole 60, and one side surface of the porous support material layer 5. It is formed to cover and.
- the film thickness of the solid electrolyte layer 100 can be, for example, 1000 nm or less.
- the electron current and the Hall current which are the internal leak currents of the fuel cell 1, are extremely small even at high temperatures, so that the solid electrolyte layer 100 can be thinned to 100 nm or less.
- the solid electrolyte layer 100 does not exist on the upper surface of a part of the lower electrode layer 20 as shown in FIG. 5, and it is exposed.
- the wiring connection portion is placed on the insulating film 3 so as not to damage other parts of the fuel cell (such as the porous support material layer 5). It is formed.
- the lower electrode layer 20 connected to the wiring is electrically connected to the lower electrode layer 20 formed on the side wall and the bottom in the plurality of holes 60.
- the upper electrode layer 10 is formed on the upper side of the solid electrolyte layer 100.
- the upper electrode layer 10 may be formed of, for example, platinum, or may be formed of a cermet material composed of platinum and a metal oxide.
- the upper electrode layer 10 is also formed so as to cover the bottom portion of the hole 60, the side wall portion of the hole 60, and one side surface of the porous support material layer 5.
- a region where the lower electrode layer 20 does not exist is formed in the lower layer of the upper electrode layer 10 as in the right side portion of the paper in the cross-sectional view of FIG. This is to prevent an electrical short circuit between the upper electrode layer 10 and the lower electrode layer 20 when the solid electrolyte layer 100 is damaged due to damage when connecting the wiring. Further, in order not to damage other parts of the fuel cell (such as the porous support material layer 5), it is preferable to form the wiring connection portion above the insulating film 3.
- the upper electrode layer 10 connected to the wiring is electrically connected to the upper electrode layer 10 formed on the side wall and the bottom in the plurality of holes 60.
- the thin film process type fuel cell 1 includes a membrane electrode assembly as a laminate composed of a lower electrode layer 20, a solid electrolyte layer 100, and an upper electrode layer 10.
- the membrane electrode assembly is formed in a plurality of holes 60 on a surface not parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2 (that is, a side wall portion of the holes 60) by a film forming process.
- the membrane electrode assembly is also formed at the bottoms of the plurality of holes 60.
- the membrane electrode assembly is the upper surface of the porous support material layer 5 in which a plurality of holes 60 are formed (that is, the bottom of the holes 60, the side walls of the holes 60, and the non-formed parts of the holes 60). It is formed to cover the. That is, the upper electrode layer 10 is also formed on a surface parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2 so as to be continuous (or connected) with the upper electrode layer 10 formed in the plurality of holes 60. Further, the lower electrode layer 20 is also formed on a surface parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2 so as to be continuous (or connected) with the lower electrode layer 20 formed in the plurality of holes 60. The same applies to the solid electrolyte layer 100.
- both the upper electrode layer 10 and the lower electrode layer 20 are formed on a surface parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2, but only one of them is formed on the main surface of the silicon substrate 2. May be good.
- the membrane electrode assembly is formed on the side wall portion of the hole 60 in this way, the output power per projected area on the silicon substrate 2 becomes large. Further, since the membrane electrode assembly is further formed on a surface parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2, the membrane electrode assembly is formed in a wide region of the silicon substrate 2.
- the membrane electrode assembly is entirely supported by the porous support material layer 5, including the upper end and the lower end of the hole 60.
- the dimensions of the hole 60 can be, for example, a diameter of 500 nanometers to 10 micrometers. It is necessary to design the dimensions of the hole 60 and the thickness of the membrane electrode assembly so that the hole 60 is not completely embedded by the membrane electrode assembly formed in the hole 60.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of the fuel cell 1.
- Fuel gas is supplied to the lower electrode layer 20 side of the fuel cell 1, and oxidant gas is supplied to the upper electrode layer 10 side.
- the lower electrode layer 20 is the anode layer and the upper electrode layer 10 is the cathode layer.
- the supplied fuel gas diffuses inside the porous support material layer 5 and reaches the lower electrode layer 20.
- the supplied oxidant gas is supplied by diffusion to the surface of the upper electrode layer 10 inside the hole 60.
- the fuel cell 1 operates in the same manner as a known fuel cell by reacting the oxidant gas with the fuel gas by ion conduction through the solid electrolyte layer 100.
- the lower electrode layer 20 side and the upper electrode layer 10 side are sealed so that the oxidant gas and the fuel gas do not mix with each other in the gas state.
- the oxidant gas can be supplied to the lower electrode layer 20 side and the fuel gas can be supplied to the upper electrode layer 10 side.
- the lower electrode layer 20 is a cathode layer
- the upper electrode layer 10 is an anode layer.
- the supplied oxidant gas diffuses inside the porous support material layer 5 to reach the lower electrode layer 20, and the supplied fuel gas diffuses to the surface of the upper electrode layer 10 inside the hole 60. Supplied by. Even in this case, the fuel cell 1 operates in the same manner.
- ⁇ Embodiment 1 Manufacturing method of fuel cell> 7 to 16 are diagrams illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing the fuel cell 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the insulating film 3 is formed on the silicon substrate 2 (FIG. 7).
- the insulating film 3 is removed, leaving the outer edge portion of the insulating film 3 in the XY direction (FIG. 8).
- a flat nickel oxide layer 4 (metal oxide layer) is formed on the surface of the silicon substrate 2 exposed by this, the side wall of the insulating film 3, and the upper surface of the insulating film 3 (FIG. 9). In this way, the nickel oxide layer 4 is formed on the surface of the silicon substrate 2.
- a part of the nickel oxide layer 4 is removed to expose the upper surface of the insulating film 3 (FIG. 10).
- a plurality of holes 60 extending in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the silicon substrate 2 are formed as an uneven structure (FIG. 11).
- the bottom of the hole 60 is formed so as not to penetrate the nickel oxide layer 4.
- the cross-sectional shape of the hole 60 can be, for example, a circle, but it can also be an oval or a polygon such as a square, a rectangle, a pentagon, or a hexagon. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the hole 60 may be constant in the vertical direction or may change along the vertical direction.
- the method for forming the uneven structure can be appropriately determined by those skilled in the art, but can be formed by, for example, lithography and dry etching. Further, the uneven structure is preferably formed periodically in the X direction and / or the Y direction, but is not limited to this. Further, it is preferable that all the uneven structures are formed into the same shape, but the uneven structure is not limited to this.
- the lower electrode layer 20 is formed on the upper side of the nickel oxide layer 4 and the insulating film 3 (FIG. 12). At this time, the lower electrode layer 20 is formed so as to cover the bottom and side walls of the plurality of holes 60 and the region of the upper surface of the nickel oxide layer 4 in which the holes 60 are not formed. The lower electrode layer 20 is also formed on the upper side of the insulating film 3, but a region where the lower electrode layer 20 is not formed is left in a part of the upper side of the insulating film 3. This is to create a region for connecting the upper electrode layer 10 and the wiring in a later step.
- a Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method or an Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) method can be used.
- CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
- ALD Atomic Layer Deposition
- a part of the lower electrode layer 20 can be removed by using lithography and dry etching after forming the lower electrode layer 20.
- the lower electrode layer 20 can be prevented from being formed in the region.
- a solid electrolyte layer 100 is formed (FIG. 13).
- the lower electrode covers the bottom and side walls of the plurality of holes 60 and the region of the upper surface of the nickel oxide layer 4 where the holes 60 are not formed.
- a solid electrolyte layer 100 is formed on the upper side of the layer 20.
- the solid electrolyte layer 100 is also formed above the insulating film 3, but a region where the solid electrolyte layer 100 is not formed is left in a part of the region where the lower electrode layer 20 is formed on the insulating film 3. This is to create a region connecting the lower electrode layer 20 and the wiring in a later step.
- the solid electrolyte layer 100 can be formed of, for example, an yttria-doped zirconia thin film.
- the doping amount of yttria can be, for example, 3% or 8%.
- a Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method or an Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) method can be used for the film formation of the solid electrolyte layer 100.
- CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
- ALD Atomic Layer Deposition
- a part of the solid electrolyte layer 100 can be removed by using lithography and dry etching after forming the solid electrolyte layer 100.
- the solid electrolyte layer 100 can be prevented from being formed in the region.
- the upper electrode layer 10 is formed into a film (FIG. 14).
- the upper electrode layer 10 is formed on the upper side of the solid electrolyte layer 100 so as to cover the above.
- the upper electrode layer 10 is also formed above the insulating film 3, but a region where the upper electrode layer 10 is not formed is left in a part of the region where the lower electrode layer 20 is formed on the insulating film 3. This is to prevent the upper electrode layer 10 and the lower electrode layer 20 from being electrically directly connected to each other to cause a short circuit defect, and to create a region for connecting the lower electrode layer 20 and the wiring in a later step. Is.
- the upper electrode layer 10 may be formed of, for example, porous platinum or a cermet material composed of platinum and a metal oxide.
- a Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method or an Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) method can be used for the film formation of the upper electrode layer 10.
- CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
- ALD Atomic Layer Deposition
- a part of the upper electrode layer 10 can be removed by using lithography and dry etching after forming the upper electrode layer 10.
- a metal mask or a resist mask when forming the upper electrode layer 10 it is possible to prevent the upper electrode layer 10 from being formed in that region.
- the lower electrode layer 20, the solid electrolyte layer 100, and the upper electrode layer 10 are formed in this order in the region including the surface of the hole 60.
- the nickel oxide layer 4 is made porous by reduction annealing.
- the lower side surface of the silicon substrate 2 is exposed to a hydrogen atmosphere, and heat treatment is performed at about 500 ° C.
- heat treatment is performed at about 500 ° C.
- the portion of the nickel oxide layer 4 exposed at the opening 50 is reduced and changed into a porous support material layer 5 (for example, a porous metallic nickel layer) (FIG. 16).
- a part of the region of the nickel oxide layer 4 covered by the silicon substrate 2 may remain as the nickel oxide layer 4 without being reduced. As a result, the structure of FIG. 5 can be produced.
- porous support material layer 5 By forming the porous support material layer 5 in this way, gas can be diffused through this layer.
- FIG. 17 shows a configuration example of the first modification of the first embodiment.
- the wiring connected to the lower electrode layer 20 is formed on the upper surface of the silicon substrate 2, but in the first modification, this wiring is not provided on the upper surface of the silicon substrate 2.
- a conductive silicon substrate doped with impurities is used as the silicon substrate 2.
- a conductive metal substrate is used as the first substrate.
- the lower electrode layer 20 is electrically connected to one side surface of the substrate 2 (lower surface in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 17) via the porous support material layer 5 and the substrate 2.
- the porous support material layer 5 is limited to the metal layer, for example, a metallic nickel layer.
- the lower electrode layer 20 and the wiring can be connected on the lower surface of the substrate, it is not necessary to form a connection portion between the lower electrode layer 20 and the wiring on the upper surface side of the substrate. As a result, all the outer edge portions in the XY direction on the upper surface of the substrate can be the connection portions between the upper electrode layer 10 and the wiring.
- the outer edge 70 of the lower electrode layer 20 stays on the nickel oxide layer 4, and the lower electrode layer 20 is not formed on the upper surface of the insulating film 3. Therefore, the region in which only the solid electrolyte layer 100 and the upper electrode layer 10 are formed can be formed on the entire outer edge portion of the fuel cell 1 to serve as a connection portion between the upper electrode layer 10 and the wiring.
- FIG. 18 shows a configuration example of the second modification of the first embodiment.
- the surface opposite to the surface on which the plurality of holes 60 are formed (lower surface in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 18) is the mesh-like support material layer 6a (second support).
- the support material layer 6a can be formed of, for example, a silicon nitride film, a dense metallic nickel, a silicon oxide film, or the like.
- the porous support material layer 5 By supporting the porous support material layer 5 with the support material layer 6a, even if the area of the opening 50 is increased, the lower electrode layer 20, the solid electrolyte layer 100, the upper electrode layer 10 and the porous support material layer are formed. Sufficient mechanical strength can be ensured in the structure of 5.
- FIG. 19 shows one time point in the manufacturing process
- FIG. 20 shows the configuration after completion.
- a plurality of holes 60 are formed as an uneven structure in the porous support material layer 5, but in the third modification, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20.
- a plurality of columns 40 are formed as an uneven structure on the porous support material layer 5.
- the pillar 40 is a protrusion, and may form a columnar pattern, for example.
- a plurality of holes 60 are formed on the surface of the nickel oxide layer 4, but in the third modification, as shown in FIG. 19, the surface of the nickel oxide layer 4 is formed.
- a plurality of columns 40 are formed as an uneven structure.
- the pillar 40 is formed so as to extend in the vertical direction (that is, the direction perpendicular to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2).
- a membrane electrode assembly is formed on the upper surface and side surfaces of the plurality of columns 40 and the portion (bottom) of the nickel oxide layer 4 where the columns 40 are not formed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. do.
- This membrane electrode assembly is formed on a surface of a plurality of columns 40 that is not parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2 by a film forming process. Further, the membrane electrode assembly is also formed on the tops (top surfaces) of the plurality of columns 40.
- the nickel oxide layer 4 is made porous by reduction annealing from the lower side to form the porous support material layer 5 (FIG. 20).
- the cross-sectional shape of the pillar 40 in the XY plane can be, for example, a circle, but can also be an ellipse, a square, a rectangle, a pentagon, a hexagon, or the like. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the pillar 40 may be constant in the vertical direction or may change along the vertical direction.
- the membrane electrode assembly formed on the outer peripheral portion of the pillar 40 formed on the silicon substrate 2 has the same structure as the membrane electrode assembly formed on the side wall portion of the hole 60 in the first embodiment.
- the membrane electrode assembly is the upper surface of the porous support material layer 5 in which a plurality of columns 40 are formed (that is, the top of the column 40, the outer peripheral portion of the column 40, and the non-formed portion of the column 40). It is formed to cover the. That is, the upper electrode layer 10 is also formed on a surface parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2 so as to be continuous (or connected) with the upper electrode layers 10 formed on the plurality of pillars 40. Further, the lower electrode layer 20 is also formed on a surface parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2 so as to be continuous (or connected) with the lower electrode layers 20 formed on the plurality of pillars 40.
- both the upper electrode layer 10 and the lower electrode layer 20 are formed on a surface parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2, but only one of them is a surface parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2. May be formed in.
- the membrane electrode assembly is supported by the porous support material layer 5 in the whole including the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the plurality of columns 40.
- the dimensions of the pillar 40 can be, for example, a diameter of 100 nanometers to 10 micrometers. It is necessary to design the dimensions of the column 40 and the thickness of the membrane electrode assembly so that the space between the adjacent columns 40 is not completely embedded in the membrane electrode assembly formed on the outer periphery of the column 40.
- fuel gas is supplied to the lower electrode layer 20 side, and oxidant gas is supplied to the upper electrode layer 10 side.
- the lower electrode layer 20 is an anode layer
- the upper electrode layer 10 is a cathode layer.
- the supplied fuel gas diffuses inside the porous support material layer 5 and reaches the lower electrode layer 20.
- the supplied oxidant gas is supplied by diffusion to the surface of the upper electrode layer 10. In this way, the fuel cell 1 operates in the same manner as in the case of FIG.
- the oxidant gas can be supplied to the lower electrode layer 20 side and the fuel gas can be supplied to the upper electrode layer 10 side.
- the lower electrode layer 20 is a cathode layer
- the upper electrode layer 10 is an anode layer.
- the supplied oxidant gas diffuses inside the porous support material layer 5 to reach the lower electrode layer 20, and the supplied fuel gas diffuses to the surface of the upper electrode layer 10 inside the hole 60. Supplied by. Even in this case, the fuel cell 1 operates in the same manner.
- the hole 60 according to the first embodiment and the pillar 40 according to the third modification are examples of an uneven structure that can be easily manufactured. Further, depending on the configuration of the fuel cell 1, one of them may be more easily manufactured. For example, as a characteristic of the nickel oxide layer 4 or a layer corresponding thereto, when it is easy to form pores precisely, the configuration of the first embodiment can be manufactured more efficiently. On the other hand, when it is easy to form the pillar precisely, the configuration of the third modification can be manufactured more efficiently.
- the configuration of the first embodiment can be manufactured more efficiently.
- the configuration of the third modification can be manufactured more efficiently.
- FIG. 21 shows a configuration example of the fourth modification of the first embodiment.
- the lower surface of the porous support material layer 5 has a flat shape, but in the fourth modification, irregularities are formed along the side walls of the plurality of holes 60. ing.
- the thickness of the portion where the plurality of holes 60 are formed is constant.
- the configuration of the membrane electrode assembly is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- fuel gas is supplied to the lower electrode layer 20 side, and oxidant gas is supplied to the upper electrode layer 10 side.
- the lower electrode layer 20 is an anode layer
- the upper electrode layer 10 is a cathode layer.
- the supplied fuel gas diffuses inside the porous support material layer 5 and reaches the lower electrode layer 20.
- the structure is complicated but porous. Since the thickness of the quality support material layer 5 is constant, the diffusion distance is also constant, which is advantageous for supplying fuel gas.
- the supplied oxidant gas is supplied by diffusion to the surface of the upper electrode layer 10. In this way, the fuel cell 1 operates in the same manner as in the case of FIG.
- the oxidant gas can be supplied to the lower electrode layer 20 side and the fuel gas can be supplied to the upper electrode layer 10 side.
- the lower electrode layer 20 is a cathode layer
- the upper electrode layer 10 is an anode layer.
- the supplied oxidant gas diffuses inside the porous support material layer 5 to reach the lower electrode layer 20, and the supplied fuel gas diffuses to the surface of the upper electrode layer 10 inside the hole 60. Supplied by. Since the porous support material layer 5 is thin, the diffusion distance is short, which is advantageous for supplying the oxidant gas. Even in this case, the fuel cell 1 operates in the same manner.
- FIG. 22 is a graph illustrating the effect of the first embodiment. The relationship between the aspect ratio of the holes or columns and the cell area per projected area on the substrate in the fuel cell according to the prior art and the fuel cell 1 according to the first embodiment is shown.
- the aspect ratio of the hole is a value obtained by dividing the depth of the hole by the diameter
- the aspect ratio of the column is a value obtained by dividing the height of the column by the diameter.
- the cell area per projected area on the substrate can be increased. That is, according to the first embodiment, since the cell area that contributes to power generation can be increased with a small substrate area, the output power per substrate area can be increased.
- a large number of holes 60 can be formed in parallel, and it is not necessary to form the holes 60 individually. Therefore, for example, the fuel cell 1 can be manufactured at a lower cost as compared with the methods of Patent Documents 1 and 2, and the cost per output power can be reduced.
- a bottomed hole 60 or a pillar 40 is formed, and a tip portion in the depth direction (the bottom of the hole 60 or the top of the pillar 40) is also formed.
- a membrane electrode assembly was formed.
- a through hole is provided instead of a bottomed hole.
- FIG. 23 shows a configuration example of the fuel cell according to the second embodiment.
- the support material layer 6 (first support material layer) is formed on one side (upper surface or lower surface) or both sides (that is, upper surface and lower surface) of the silicon substrate 2. Further, a plurality of through holes 61 (first through holes) that penetrate the support material layer 6 and the silicon substrate 2 are formed.
- the through hole 61 is formed so as to extend in the vertical direction (that is, the direction perpendicular to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2).
- the size of the through hole 61 can be, for example, a diameter (diameter of the through hole provided in the support material layer 6) of 10 micrometers.
- the side wall of the plurality of through holes 61 is configured to include a membrane electrode assembly. This membrane electrode assembly is formed in a plurality of through holes 61 on a surface that is not parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2 by a film forming process. A membrane electrode assembly is also formed on the upper surface of the support material layer 6 formed on the upper surface of the silicon substrate 2. A hole 52 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the side wall of the plurality of through holes 61.
- a region in which the lower electrode layer 20 does not exist may be formed in the lower layer of the upper electrode layer 10 as in the right side portion of the paper in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 5 of the first embodiment.
- the upper electrode layer 10 is also formed on a surface parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2 so as to be continuous (or connected) with the upper electrode layers 10 formed in the plurality of through holes 61.
- the lower electrode layer 20 is also formed on a surface parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2 so as to be continuous (or connected) with the lower electrode layers 20 formed in the plurality of through holes 61. The same applies to the solid electrolyte layer 100.
- the upper electrode layer 10 connected to the wiring on the upper surface of the silicon substrate 2 is continuous with the upper electrode layer 10 formed on the side walls of the plurality of through holes 61 and is electrically connected.
- a lower electrode layer 20 is formed on the lower surface of the support material layer 6 formed on the lower surface of the silicon substrate 2, and the lower electrode layer 20 is formed on the side wall of the plurality of through holes 61. It is continuous with the lower electrode layer 20.
- the lower electrode layer 20 connected to the wiring on the lower surface side of the silicon substrate 2 is continuous with the lower electrode layer 20 formed on the side wall of the plurality of through holes 61 and is electrically connected.
- both the upper electrode layer 10 and the lower electrode layer 20 are formed on a surface parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2, but only one of them is a surface parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2. May be formed in.
- the membrane electrode assembly is supported by the support material layer 6 at the upper end and the lower end of the plurality of through holes 61.
- the fuel gas is supplied to the outer peripheral side of the through hole 61, and the oxidant gas is supplied to the inner peripheral side of the through hole 61.
- power generation is generated at the side wall portion of the through hole 61, and the output power per projected area on the silicon substrate 2 becomes large.
- ⁇ Embodiment 2 Manufacturing method> 24 to 36 are diagrams illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing the fuel cell 1 according to the second embodiment.
- the support material layer 6 is formed on the upper surface and the lower surface on the silicon substrate 2 (FIG. 24).
- the support material layer 6 is, for example, a silicon nitride film layer.
- the groove 8 is formed in the support material layer 6 on the upper surface of the silicon substrate 2 (FIG. 25).
- the electrode material layer 7 is formed so that the groove 8 is completely embedded (FIG. 26).
- the electrode material layer 7 for example, tungsten, silicon doped with impurities, or the like can be used.
- the electrode material layer 7 on the support material layer 6 other than the groove 8 is removed so that the electrode material layer 7 remains only in the groove 8 (FIG. 27).
- etchback or chemical mechanical polishing (CMP method) can be used to remove the electrode material layer.
- a plurality of through holes 61 perpendicular to the surface of the silicon substrate 2 are formed in the region where the electrode material layer 7 remains (FIG. 28).
- the cross-sectional shape of the hole can be, for example, a circle, but it can also be an ellipse or a polygon such as a square, a rectangle, a pentagon, or a hexagon.
- the lower electrode layer 20 is formed into a film (FIG. 29).
- the lower electrode layer 20 includes a plurality of upper surfaces of the support material layer 6 on the upper surface of the silicon substrate 2, a surface of the electrode material layer 7, and a lower surface of the support material layer 6 on the lower surface of the silicon substrate 2.
- a film is formed on the side wall of the through hole 61.
- the lower electrode layer 20 may be formed of, for example, platinum or a cermet material composed of platinum and a metal oxide.
- CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
- ALD Atomic Layer Deposition
- the lower electrode layers 20 formed on the side walls of the plurality of through holes 61 are continuous with each other via the lower electrode layers 20 formed on the surface of the electrode material layer 7, respectively.
- the lower electrode layer 20 is electrically connected to the electrode material layer 7.
- the lower electrode layer 20 is also formed on the upper surface of the support material layer 6, but a region where the lower electrode layer 20 is not formed is left on a part of the upper surface of the support material layer 6 (FIG. 30). This is because it is attached to the support substrate in a later process.
- CMP method chemical mechanical polishing method
- the support board 102 (second board) is prepared (FIG. 31).
- silicon can be used for the support substrate 102.
- the fuel cell 1 according to the second embodiment includes the support substrate 102.
- the positive direction of the Z axis is the downward direction of the paper surface. Also in the following description, the positive direction of the Z axis is the upward direction, and the negative direction of the Z axis is the downward direction. Therefore, the vertical direction of the paper surface in FIGS. 31 to 42 is opposite to the vertical direction in the present specification.
- a through hole 161 (second through hole) is formed in the support substrate 102.
- the dimensions of the through hole 161 of the support substrate 102 match the dimensions of the through hole 61 of the silicon substrate 2.
- the silicon substrate 2 and the support substrate 102 are bonded so that the through holes 61 and the through holes 161 are aligned in position and are connected to each other.
- a through hole 162 (second through hole) and a through hole 163 (second through hole) are formed in the support substrate 102.
- the through hole 162 is formed at a position corresponding to the portion where the electrode material layer 7 of the silicon substrate 2 is not formed, and the through hole 163 is a position corresponding to the portion where the electrode material layer 7 of the silicon substrate 2 is formed. Is formed in.
- a silicon nitride film 103 is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the support substrate 102 and the side walls of the through holes 161, 162, and 163.
- the silicon nitride film 103 is an insulating film and is formed as a protective film against etching.
- a plurality of through holes 162 are formed, and one or more through holes 163 are formed.
- the silicon substrate 2 in FIG. 30 is turned upside down and bonded to the support substrate 102 as shown in FIG. 31. Thereby, the plurality of through holes 61 (or at least a part thereof) and the plurality of through holes 161 (or at least a part thereof) are connected.
- the solid electrolyte layer 100 and the upper electrode layer 10 are formed (FIG. 32).
- the solid electrolyte layer 100 and the upper electrode layer 10 have the side wall portions of the plurality of through holes 61, the side wall portions of the through holes 161 and the lower surface of the support material layer 6 on the lower surface side of the silicon substrate 2. Is formed to cover the.
- both the upper electrode layer 10 and the lower electrode layer 20 are formed on a surface parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2, but only one of them is a surface parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2. May be formed in.
- the solid electrolyte layer 100 can be formed of, for example, an yttria-doped zirconia thin film.
- the doping amount of yttria can be, for example, 3% or 8%.
- CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
- ALD Atomic Layer Deposition
- the solid electrolyte layer 100 is prevented from being formed on the exposed surface side (that is, the upper surface side) of the support substrate 102.
- the film thickness of the solid electrolyte layer 100 can be, for example, 100 nanometers to 1 micrometer.
- the upper electrode layer 10 may be formed of, for example, porous platinum, or may be formed of a cermet material composed of platinum and a metal oxide.
- a Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method or an Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) method can be used for the film formation of the upper electrode layer 10.
- the upper electrode layer 10 is prevented from being formed on the exposed surface side (that is, the upper surface side) of the support substrate 102.
- this membrane electrode assembly is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the plurality of through holes 61 and the surface of at least one side of the support material layer 6 (lower surface in this embodiment).
- this membrane electrode assembly is a laminated body including a lower electrode layer 20, a solid electrolyte layer 100, and an upper electrode layer 10.
- the electrode material layer 107 is formed in the through hole 163 of the support substrate 102 (FIG. 33).
- the electrode material layer 107 is electrically connected to the lower electrode layer 20.
- the electrode material layer 107 is used to connect the lower electrode layer 20 to the wiring.
- the portion inside the through hole 162 of the support substrate 102 is removed to expose the surface of the silicon substrate 2 (FIG. 34).
- the portion of the silicon substrate 2 exposed through the through hole 162 is removed.
- the portion in contact with the membrane electrode assembly formed in the plurality of through holes 61 is removed.
- the removal is performed, for example, by partially etching with an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH).
- KOH potassium hydroxide
- the through hole 162 can be used as a flow path for the fuel gas, and the manufacturing process is simplified.
- the through hole 162 is a hole opening 51 through which the hole 52 communicates with the outside.
- a plurality of through holes through holes 161 and 162 in this example
- some of them are connected to any of the through holes 61 and others.
- the through hole 162 is connected to the hole 52 to form the hole opening 51.
- the membrane electrode assembly is formed on the side wall of the plurality of through holes 61, and is supported by the support material layer 6 at the upper end portion (that is, the end connected to the through hole 161) and the lower end portion of the through hole 61.
- the lower electrode layer 20, the solid electrolyte layer 100, and the upper electrode layer 10 are continuous between the plurality of through holes 61 via the lower surface of the silicon substrate 2, respectively.
- FIG. 36 shows the state of FIG. 35 in cross sections in different directions.
- FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional view taken along the ZZ plane perpendicular to the ZZ plane, and in particular, is a cross-sectional view at a position where the hole opening 51 exists.
- Fuel gas is supplied to the lower electrode layer 20 side, and oxidant gas is supplied to the upper electrode layer 10 side.
- the lower electrode layer 20 is an anode layer
- the upper electrode layer 10 is a cathode layer.
- the supplied fuel gas flows from one hole opening 51 through the hole 52 to another hole opening 51.
- Fuel gas is supplied to the lower electrode layer 20 at the side wall portion of the through hole 61 inside the hole 52.
- the supplied oxidant gas flows through the plurality of through holes 61 and through holes 161 and is supplied to the surface of the upper electrode layer 10 on the side wall portion of the through holes 61 on the way.
- the fuel cell 1 operates in the same manner as a known fuel cell by reacting the oxidant gas with the fuel gas by ion conduction through the solid electrolyte layer 100.
- the oxidant gas can be supplied to the lower electrode layer 20 side and the fuel gas can be supplied to the upper electrode layer 10 side.
- the lower electrode layer 20 is a cathode layer
- the upper electrode layer 10 is an anode layer.
- the supplied oxidant gas flows from one hole opening 51 through the hole 52 to another hole opening 51.
- the oxidant gas is supplied to the lower electrode layer 20 at the side wall portion of the through hole 61 inside the hole 52.
- the supplied fuel gas flows through the plurality of through holes 61 and through holes 161 and is supplied to the surface of the upper electrode layer 10 on the side wall portion of the through holes 61 on the way. Even in this case, the fuel cell 1 operates in the same manner.
- FIG. 37 shows a configuration example of the first modification of the second embodiment.
- the lower electrode layer 20 is formed on the lower surface side of the silicon substrate 2 as well as the solid electrolyte layer 100 and the upper electrode layer 10.
- the first modification the lower electrode layer 20 on the lower surface side of the silicon substrate 2 is not formed.
- the upper electrode layer 10 and the lower electrode are formed. It is possible to prevent the layer 20 from being short-circuited.
- FIG. 38 shows a configuration example of the second modification of the second embodiment.
- the thickness of the silicon substrate 2 is the same in the region where the plurality of through holes 61 are formed and in the other regions.
- the lower surface of the silicon substrate 2 is partially removed and thinned in the region where the plurality of through holes 61 are formed. That is, the main surface of the silicon substrate 2 is not flat and has a shape having a recess in a part thereof.
- the silicon substrate 2 includes a thick region and a thin region having a thickness smaller than this thick region, and the plurality of through holes 61 are provided in the thin region.
- the lengths of the plurality of through holes 61 can be shortened, so that manufacturing can be easily performed. Further, when connecting the wiring to the upper electrode layer 10 on the lower surface of the silicon substrate 2, a thin region (that is, a mechanically weak portion in which the membrane electrode assembly is formed on the side wall of the plurality of through holes 61). The wiring can be connected in the thick region of the silicon substrate 2 while avoiding the above.
- FIG. 39 shows a configuration example of the third modification of the second embodiment.
- the membrane electrode assembly is supported by the support material layer 6 only at both ends of the plurality of through holes 61 in the silicon substrate 2.
- the membrane electrode assembly is supported not only at both ends of the through hole 61 but also at the side wall portions of the through hole 61.
- the membrane electrode assembly is supported by the porous support material layer 5 (first support material layer) from the outer peripheral side of the lower electrode layer 20. That is, the side wall of the plurality of through holes 61 is provided with a porous support material layer 5 that supports the membrane electrode assembly on the outer peripheral side thereof.
- the porous support material layer 5 is formed on the side wall portion of the through hole 61 to increase the mechanical strength around the membrane electrode assembly. Can be done. Further, by using the porous support material layer 5, the fuel gas or the oxidant gas can be supplied to the lower electrode layer 20 by diffusion from the pore 52 side.
- FIG. 40 shows a configuration example of the fourth modification of the second embodiment.
- the through holes 61 are formed with the same cross-sectional area along the stretching direction, that is, the Z direction.
- the cross-sectional area of the through hole 61 changes.
- the through hole 61 is formed so that the diameter Wt is large on the lower surface side of the silicon substrate 2 and the diameter Wb is smaller on the upper surface side. Therefore, in the plurality of through holes 61, the opening area in the cross section parallel to the main surface of the silicon substrate 2 decreases from one end to the other end of the through holes 61.
- the concentration is high on the inlet side (lower surface side) and on the outlet side (upper surface side).
- the concentration becomes low.
- the higher the concentration the higher the power generation output of the membrane electrode assembly.
- the flow velocity is small because the cross-sectional area is large on the inlet side, and the flow velocity is large because the cross-sectional area is small on the exit side. The higher the flow velocity, the higher the power generation output of the membrane electrode assembly.
- the high-concentration gas flows at low speed on the inlet side and the low-concentration gas flows at high speed on the outlet side, so that at least a part of the change in the power generation output of the membrane electrode assembly is offset, and the inlet side and the outlet side It is possible to suppress the non-uniformity of the output in.
- the cross-sectional area of the through hole 61 is large on the lower surface side of the silicon substrate 2, and the cross-sectional area of the through hole 61 is small on the upper surface side. It is also possible to make the cross-sectional area of the through hole 61 small and the cross-sectional area of the through hole 61 large on the upper surface side. In that case, the oxidant gas or the fuel gas should be flowed from the upper surface side having a large cross-sectional area.
- FIG. 41 is a schematic view showing a configuration example of the fuel cell module according to the second embodiment.
- a thin film process type SOFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
- SOFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
- FIG. 42 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a connection method between the shield plate (Partition) and the fuel cell 1.
- the gas flow path in the fuel cell module is separated into a fuel gas flow path and an oxidant gas flow path.
- the fuel gas flow path includes a fuel inlet (Fuel intoke), a flow path 251 formed in the shield plate, and a fuel exhaust port (Fuel exhaust).
- the flow path of the oxidant gas includes an air inlet (Air intake), a plurality of through holes 61, a plurality of through holes 161 and an air exhaust port (Air exhaust).
- the fuel gas and the oxidizer gas are shielded from being mixed in the module. Wiring is drawn out from the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the fuel cell 1 by a connector. The connector is connected to an external load.
- the hole 60 of the first embodiment is not a through hole, it is necessary to diffuse the gas in order to allow the gas to reach the bottom of the hole 60. Therefore, it is suitable when the size (for example, depth) of the hole 60 is relatively small.
- the through hole 61 is provided in the second embodiment, since the gas needs to pass through the through hole 61, when the dimension (for example, diameter) of the through hole 61 is relatively large in consideration of the fluid resistance of the gas. Suitable.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications, and includes various other modifications.
- the above-described embodiments and modifications have been described in detail in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the described configurations.
- it is possible to replace a part of the configuration of one embodiment with the configuration of another embodiment and it is also possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
第1の基板と、
前記第1の基板の片面上あるいは両面上に形成された第1のサポート材料層と、
前記第1のサポート材料層において、前記第1の基板の主面に垂直な方向に延伸するように形成された複数の孔または柱と、
前記複数の孔または柱において、前記主面に平行でない面に、成膜プロセスによって形成された積層体であって、上部電極層と、固体電解質層と、下部電極層とを備える積層体と、
を備え、
前記上部電極層が、前記複数の孔または柱に形成された前記上部電極層と連続するように、前記主面と平行な面にも形成されるか、または、前記下部電極層が、前記複数の孔または柱に形成された前記下部電極層と連続するように、前記主面と平行な面にも形成され、
前記複数の孔または柱の少なくとも上端部および下端部において、前記第1のサポート材料層によって前記積層体が支持されている
ことを特徴とする。
基板の表面に金属酸化物層を形成する工程と、
前記金属酸化物層に凹凸構造を形成する工程と、
前記凹凸構造の表面に、下部電極層と、固体電解質層と、上部電極層とを、この順に形成する工程と、
前記基板のうち前記金属酸化物層と接触する部分の一部を除去する工程と、
前記金属酸化物層を還元アニールによって多孔質化する工程と、
を備えることを特徴とする。
第1の基板の両面に第1のサポート材料層を形成する工程と、
前記第1の基板と前記第1のサポート材料層とを貫通する、複数の第1の貫通孔を形成する工程と、
前記複数の第1の貫通孔の内周面と、前記第1のサポート材料層の少なくとも片側の表面とにおいて、積層体を形成する工程であって、前記積層体は、下部電極層と、固体電解質層と、上部電極層とを備える、積層体を形成する工程と、
前記第1の基板のうち、前記複数の第1の貫通孔に形成された前記積層体に接触している部分を除去することにより、空孔を形成する工程と、
を備えることを特徴とする。
図1に、従来の燃料電池セルの構成例を示す。この燃料電池セルは、薄膜プロセス型のものである。図1を用いて、基板への投影面積当りの出力電力向上および動作温度の低温化に係る従来技術について説明する。
図2は、本発明の実施形態1に係る燃料電池モジュールの構成例を示す概略図である。この燃料電池モジュールは、燃料電池セル(Fuel Cell)として薄膜プロセス型SOFC(Solid Oxide Fuel Cell)を備えるものである。モジュール内のガス流路は、燃料ガス(例えば水素を含むガス)の流路と、酸化剤ガス(例えば酸素を含むガスであり、具体例として空気)の流路とに分離されている。燃料ガスの流路は、燃料入口(Fuel intake)、燃料チャンバ(Fuel chamber)、燃料排気口(Fuel exhaust)を含む。酸化剤ガスの流路は、空気入口(Air intake)、空気チャンバ(Air chamber)、空気排気口(Air exhaust)を含む。燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスはモジュール内で混ざらないように図2の遮蔽板(Partition)で遮蔽されている。燃料電池セル(Fuel Cell)のアノード電極とカソード電極からは、コネクタ(Connector)によって配線が引き出されており、配線は外部負荷(External load)に接続される。
図7~図16は、実施形態1に係る燃料電池セル1を製造する方法の一例を説明する図である。まずシリコン基板2上に絶縁膜3を形成する(図7)。次に、絶縁膜3のXY方向外縁部を残して、絶縁膜3を除去する(図8)。これによって露出したシリコン基板2の表面と、絶縁膜3の側壁と、絶縁膜3の上側表面に、平坦な酸化ニッケル層4(金属酸化物層)を成膜する(図9)。このようにして、シリコン基板2の表面に酸化ニッケル層4が形成される。次に酸化ニッケル層4の一部を除去し、絶縁膜3の上側表面を露出させる(図10)。
図17に、実施形態1の第1の変形例の構成例を示す。実施形態1では、下部電極層20に接続される配線を、シリコン基板2の上側表面に形成したが、第1の変形例ではこの配線をシリコン基板2の上側表面には設けない。
図18に、実施形態1の第2の変形例の構成例を示す。多孔質のサポート材料層5において、複数の孔60が形成されている面とは反対側の面(図18の断面図では下側表面)が、網目状のサポート材料層6a(第2のサポート材料層)によって支持される。サポート材料層6aは、例えばシリコン窒化膜、緻密な金属ニッケル、シリコン酸化膜、などで形成することができる。
図19および図20を用いて、実施形態1の第3の変形例を説明する。図19は製造過程の一時点を示し、図20は完成後の構成を示す。
図21に、実施形態1の第4の変形例の構成例を示す。実施形態1および第1~第3の変形例では、多孔質のサポート材料層5の下面は平坦な形状であるが、第4の変形例では複数の孔60の側壁に沿って凹凸が形成されている。
図22は、実施形態1の効果を説明するグラフである。従来技術に係る燃料電池セルと、実施形態1に係る燃料電池セル1とにおける、孔または柱のアスペクト比と、基板への投影面積当りのセル面積との関係を示す。孔のアスペクト比とは、孔の深さを径で除算した値であり、柱のアスペクト比とは、柱の高さを径で除算した値である。
実施形態1では、図5、17、18、20、21に示したように有底の孔60または柱40が形成され、奥行き方向の先端部(孔60の底部または柱40の頂部)にも膜電極接合体が形成されていた。実施形態2は、有底の孔でなく貫通孔を設けるものである。
図24~図36は、実施形態2に係る燃料電池セル1を製造する方法の一例を説明する図である。まずシリコン基板2上の上側表面および下側表面に、サポート材料層6を形成する(図24)。サポート材料層6は、たとえばシリコン窒化膜層である。次にシリコン基板2の上側表面のサポート材料層6に溝部8を形成する(図25)。次に電極材料層7を溝部8が完全に埋め込まれるように形成する(図26)。電極材料層7には、例えば、タングステン、不純物をドーピングしたシリコン、などを用いることができる。
図37に、実施形態2の第1の変形例の構成例を示す。実施形態2では、下部電極層20は、固体電解質層100および上部電極層10と同様に、シリコン基板2の下側表面側にも形成した。第1の変形例では、シリコン基板2の下側表面側の下部電極層20を形成しない。下部電極層20が形成されていない領域では、シリコン基板2の下側表面において上部電極層10と配線とを接続する際に、固体電解質層100の破損しても、上部電極層10と下部電極層20とがショートするのを防止することができる。
図38に、実施形態2の第2の変形例の構成例を示す。実施形態2および第1の変形例では、シリコン基板2の厚さは複数の貫通孔61が形成されている領域とそれ以外とで同じであった。第2の変形例では、複数の貫通孔61が形成されている領域においてシリコン基板2の下側表面が一部除去され、薄くなっている。すなわち、シリコン基板2の主面が平坦ではなく、一部に凹部を有する形状となっている。このように、シリコン基板2は、厚い領域と、この厚い領域より小さい厚さを有する薄い領域とを備えており、複数の貫通孔61は、薄い領域に設けられる。
図39に、実施形態2の第3の変形例の構成例を示す。実施形態2、第1の変形例および第2の変形例では、膜電極接合体は、シリコン基板2において複数の貫通孔61の両端部でだけサポート材料層6で支持されている。第3の変形例では、貫通孔61の両端部に加え、貫通孔61の側壁部でも膜電極接合体を支持する。
図40に、実施形態2の第4の変形例の構成例を示す。実施形態2および第1~第3の変形例では、貫通孔61は延伸方向すなわちZ方向に沿って同じ断面積で形成されていた。第4の変形例では、貫通孔61の断面積が変化する。
図41は、実施形態2に係る燃料電池モジュールの構成例を示す概略図である。この例では、燃料電池モジュールとして薄膜プロセス型SOFC(Solid OxideFuel Cell)を用いている。
なお、実施形態1の孔60は貫通孔ではないので、孔60の底部までガスを到達させるためにガスの拡散が必要になる。このため、孔60の寸法(たとえば深さ)が比較的小さい場合に好適である。一方、実施形態2では貫通孔61を備えているが、ガスが貫通孔61を通過する必要があるので、ガスの流体抵抗を考慮すると貫通孔61の寸法(たとえば径)が比較的大きい場合に好適である。
本発明は、前述した実施形態および変形例に限定されるものではなく、他の様々な変形例が含まれる。例えば、上記した実施形態および変形例は本発明を分かりやすく説明するために詳細に説明したものであり、必ずしも説明した全ての構成を備えるものに限定されるものではない。また、ある実施形態の構成の一部を他の実施形態の構成に置き換えることが可能であり、また、ある実施形態の構成に他の実施形態の構成を加えることも可能である。また、各実施形態の構成の一部について、他の構成の追加・削除・置換をすることが可能である。
2…シリコン基板(第1の基板)
3…絶縁膜
4…酸化ニッケル層(第1のサポート材料層、金属酸化物層)
5…多孔質のサポート材料層(第1のサポート材料層、金属層)
6…サポート材料層(第1のサポート材料層)
6a…網目状のサポート材料層(第2のサポート材料層)
7,107…電極材料層
8…溝部
10…上部電極層(積層体)
20…下部電極層(積層体)
40…柱(凹凸構造)
50…開口部
51…空孔開口部
52…空孔
60…孔(凹凸構造)
61…貫通孔(第1の貫通孔、凹凸構造)
70…下部電極層の外縁
100…固体電解質層(積層体)
102…支持基板(第2の基板)
103…シリコン窒化膜
161,162,163…貫通孔(第2の貫通孔)
251…流路
Claims (15)
- 第1の基板と、
前記第1の基板の片面上あるいは両面上に形成された第1のサポート材料層と、
前記第1のサポート材料層において、前記第1の基板の主面に垂直な方向に延伸するように形成された複数の孔または柱と、
前記複数の孔または柱において、前記主面に平行でない面に、成膜プロセスによって形成された積層体であって、上部電極層と、固体電解質層と、下部電極層とを備える積層体と、
を備え、
前記上部電極層が、前記複数の孔または柱に形成された前記上部電極層と連続するように、前記主面と平行な面にも形成されるか、または、前記下部電極層が、前記複数の孔または柱に形成された前記下部電極層と連続するように、前記主面と平行な面にも形成され、
前記複数の孔または柱の少なくとも上端部および下端部において、前記第1のサポート材料層によって前記積層体が支持されている
ことを特徴とする燃料電池セル。 - 前記複数の孔または柱は、前記第1のサポート材料層に形成された複数の有底孔を含み、
前記第1のサポート材料層は、多孔質のサポート材料層であり、
前記積層体は、前記複数の有底孔の側壁および底部に形成されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池セル。 - 前記第1のサポート材料層は金属層を備え、
前記下部電極層は、前記金属層および前記第1の基板を介して、前記第1の基板の片側表面と電気的に接続されている
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の燃料電池セル。 - 前記第1のサポート材料層において、前記複数の有底孔が形成されている面とは反対側の面が、第2のサポート材料層で支持されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の燃料電池セル。
- 前記複数の孔または柱は、前記第1のサポート材料層に形成された複数の柱を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池セル。
- 前記第1のサポート材料層のうち、前記複数の有底孔が形成されている部分の厚さが一定であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の燃料電池セル。
- 前記複数の孔または柱は、前記第1のサポート材料層と前記第1の基板とを貫通する複数の第1の貫通孔を含み、
前記複数の第1の貫通孔の側壁は前記積層体を備え、
前記複数の第1の貫通孔の側壁の外周側に空孔が形成される、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池セル。 - 前記燃料電池セルは、前記第1の基板を支持する第2の基板をさらに備え、
前記第2の基板には複数の第2の貫通孔が形成され、
前記第1の基板と前記第2の基板とは貼り合わされ、
前記第2の貫通孔のうち、一部は前記第1の貫通孔のいずれかと接続され、他の一部は前記空孔と接続されている、
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の燃料電池セル。 - 前記第1の基板は、厚い領域と、前記厚い領域より小さい厚さを有する薄い領域とを備え、
前記複数の第1の貫通孔は前記薄い領域に設けられる、
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の燃料電池セル。 - 前記複数の第1の貫通孔の側壁は、その外周側に、前記積層体を支持する多孔質のサポート材料層を備えることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の燃料電池セル。
- 前記複数の第1の貫通孔において、前記主面と平行な断面における開口面積が、当該第1の貫通孔の一方の端部から他方の端部に向かって減少することを特徴とする請求項7に記載の燃料電池セル。
- 基板の表面に金属酸化物層を形成する工程と、
前記金属酸化物層に凹凸構造を形成する工程と、
前記凹凸構造の表面に、下部電極層と、固体電解質層と、上部電極層とを、この順に形成する工程と、
前記基板のうち前記金属酸化物層と接触する部分の一部を除去する工程と、
前記金属酸化物層を還元アニールによって多孔質化する工程と、
を備えることを特徴とする燃料電池セルの製造方法。 - 前記凹凸構造は、前記金属酸化物層の表面に形成される複数の有底孔または柱を含むことを特徴とする請求項12に記載の燃料電池セルの製造方法。
- 第1の基板の両面に第1のサポート材料層を形成する工程と、
前記第1の基板と前記第1のサポート材料層とを貫通する、複数の第1の貫通孔を形成する工程と、
前記複数の第1の貫通孔の内周面と、前記第1のサポート材料層の少なくとも片側の表面とにおいて、積層体を形成する工程であって、前記積層体は、下部電極層と、固体電解質層と、上部電極層とを備える、積層体を形成する工程と、
前記第1の基板のうち、前記複数の第1の貫通孔に形成された前記積層体に接触している部分を除去することにより、空孔を形成する工程と、
を備えることを特徴とする燃料電池セルの製造方法。 - 第2の基板に複数の第2の貫通孔を形成する工程と、
前記第1の基板と前記第2の基板を貼り合わせ、前記複数の第1の貫通孔の少なくとも一部と、前記複数の第2の貫通孔の少なくとも一部とを接続する工程と、
をさらに備え、
前記空孔を形成する前記工程は、前記第1の基板のうち、前記第2の貫通孔を介して露出する部分を除去する工程を含む、
ことを特徴とする請求項14に記載の燃料電池セルの製造方法。
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US (1) | US20230127271A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7383137B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20220158019A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN115516676A (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI769778B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2021229729A1 (ja) |
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- 2020-05-13 JP JP2022522416A patent/JP7383137B2/ja active Active
- 2020-05-13 KR KR1020227036535A patent/KR20220158019A/ko unknown
- 2020-05-13 US US17/921,019 patent/US20230127271A1/en active Pending
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TWI769778B (zh) | 2022-07-01 |
JPWO2021229729A1 (ja) | 2021-11-18 |
JP7383137B2 (ja) | 2023-11-17 |
US20230127271A1 (en) | 2023-04-27 |
TW202143539A (zh) | 2021-11-16 |
KR20220158019A (ko) | 2022-11-29 |
CN115516676A (zh) | 2022-12-23 |
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