WO2021179790A1 - Procédé de commande d'élévation de fréquence de compresseur - Google Patents

Procédé de commande d'élévation de fréquence de compresseur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021179790A1
WO2021179790A1 PCT/CN2021/072006 CN2021072006W WO2021179790A1 WO 2021179790 A1 WO2021179790 A1 WO 2021179790A1 CN 2021072006 W CN2021072006 W CN 2021072006W WO 2021179790 A1 WO2021179790 A1 WO 2021179790A1
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Prior art keywords
frequency
compressor
target operating
operating frequency
control method
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/072006
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张晓迪
张铭
许磊
张东
高强
李记伟
Original Assignee
青岛海尔空调电子有限公司
海尔智家股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021179790A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021179790A1/fr

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/49Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring ensuring correct operation, e.g. by trial operation or configuration checks
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/50Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
    • F24F11/61Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication using timers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/86Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00Compressor arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/002Lubrication
    • F25B31/004Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022Compressor control arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/077Compressor control units, e.g. terminal boxes, mounted on the compressor casing wall containing for example starter, protection switches or connector contacts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling a compressor, and in particular to a method for controlling an up-frequency of a compressor.
  • Inverter compressors such as centrifugal compressors or scroll compressors with inverter drives, usually use inverter drives to change the speed of the motor, thereby controlling the capacity of the compressor.
  • the output capacity of the compressor can be changed by controlling the operating frequency of the compressor to match the actual load demand. Therefore, the inverter compressor can significantly improve the energy efficiency ratio of the air-conditioning system, so that it is more and more widely used in the air-conditioning system.
  • the inverter compressor (hereinafter referred to as the "compressor") sucks in the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas from the components of the air conditioning system (for example, the evaporator) from its suction port during operation, and compresses the refrigerant gas to high-temperature and high-pressure in the compressor
  • the refrigerant gas Therefore, part of the lubricating oil used to lubricate the moving parts in the compressor will be entrained by the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas and discharged from the discharge port of the compressor to the corresponding parts of the air conditioning system, and then circulate in the air conditioning system.
  • the size of the environmental load will determine the operating frequency of the compressor.
  • the operating frequency of the compressor will also need to be increased until the maximum frequency is reached.
  • the operating frequency of the compressor will affect the oil discharge rate of the compressor (that is, the ratio of the lubricating oil entrained by the refrigerant gas and leaving the compressor to the total lubricating oil), which in turn affects the amount of lubricating oil in the compressor.
  • the amount of lubricating oil in the compressor usually depends on two aspects: on the one hand, the lubricating oil is discharged with the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant during the operation of the compressor, and the higher the operating frequency of the compressor, the more lubricating oil is discharged; on the other hand, it is discharged
  • the lubricating oil will return to the compressor with the refrigerant cycle, so the lubricating oil inside the compressor is a dynamic process. Therefore, the operating frequency control method of the compressor will affect the amount of lubricating oil in the compressor.
  • the control of the compressor to increase the frequency usually adopts a linear up-frequency control method, that is, the compressor uses a fixed up-frequency speed (for example, 1rps/s)
  • a fixed up-frequency speed for example, 1rps/s
  • the current low frequency fc the unit is "rps", that is, “revolutions per second”
  • fmax the maximum set frequency
  • the present invention provides a control method for compressor up-frequency.
  • the control method includes: determining the current operating frequency and the maximum set frequency; selecting multiple target operating frequencies in the frequency range formed by the current operating frequency and the maximum set frequency, and the minimum The target operating frequency is greater than the current operating frequency, the maximum target operating frequency is equal to the maximum set frequency, and adjacent target operating frequencies have a predetermined frequency difference; and the minimum target operating frequency
  • the compressor is sequentially increased from the current operating frequency to each target operating frequency at a predetermined speed, and runs at each target operating frequency for a predetermined time.
  • the multiple target operating frequencies include 2-6 target operating frequencies.
  • the multiple target operating frequencies include four target operating frequencies.
  • the frequency difference between the adjacent target operating frequencies can be the same or different.
  • the frequency difference between the adjacent target operating frequencies is all 5 rps.
  • the predetermined time of operation at each target operating frequency can be the same or different.
  • the predetermined time is 30s.
  • the predetermined speed at which the compressor is increased to each target operating frequency can be the same or different.
  • the predetermined speed is 1 rps/s.
  • the compressor has a sight glass for observing the liquid level of the lubricating oil.
  • the compressor frequency-up control method of the present invention multiple target operating frequencies are selected in the frequency range formed by the current operating frequency and the maximum set frequency, and according to In a large sequence, the compressor is ramped up from the current operating frequency at a predetermined speed to each target operating frequency, and run at each target operating frequency for a predetermined time, thereby allowing the compressor to ramp up to the maximum target operation frequency.
  • this step-up frequency method can minimize the oil discharge rate of the compressor, thereby ensuring a reasonable lubricating oil level of the compressor and increasing the service life of the compressor.
  • the compressor runs for a predetermined time at each target operating frequency. The purpose is to increase the amount of lubricating oil returned by the compressor while maintaining the oil discharge rate unchanged.
  • the multiple target operating frequencies include 2-6 target operating frequencies
  • the frequency difference between adjacent target operating frequencies can be the same or different
  • the predetermined time of operation at each target operating frequency can be the same or different.
  • the same, and the predetermined speed at which the compressor rises to each target operating frequency can be the same or different.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art compressor linear up-frequency method
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of the control method for compressor frequency upscaling of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a control method for compressor up-frequency according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an example of a compressor to which the method for controlling the frequency up of the compressor of the present invention is applied;
  • Fig. 5 is a graph comparing the influence of the compressor up-frequency control method of the present invention and the prior art linear up-frequency control method on the compressor lubricating oil level.
  • the present invention provides a method for controlling the frequency of the compressor.
  • the control method includes: determining the current operating frequency and the maximum set frequency; selecting multiple target operating frequencies in the frequency range formed by the current operating frequency and the maximum set frequency, The minimum target operating frequency is greater than the current operating frequency, the maximum target operating frequency is equal to the maximum set frequency, and there is a predetermined frequency difference between adjacent target operating frequencies; and in order from the minimum target operating frequency to the maximum target operating frequency, The compressor is sequentially increased from the current operating frequency to each target operating frequency at a predetermined speed, and runs for a predetermined time at each target operating frequency.
  • the compressor mentioned herein may be a centrifugal compressor, a scroll compressor, a screw compressor, etc., with a variable frequency drive. These compressors can be fully enclosed, semi-enclosed, or unenclosed.
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a control method for compressor frequency upscaling according to the present invention.
  • the method for controlling the frequency up of the compressor of the present invention includes steps S1, S2, and S3.
  • step S1 the control method needs to determine the current operating frequency of the compressor and the maximum set frequency that can meet the actual load requirements. Based on the current operating frequency and the maximum set frequency, the control method can determine the frequency interval formed between the current operating frequency and the maximum set frequency, and select multiple target operating frequencies in the frequency interval (step S2).
  • the conditions that these multiple target operating frequencies need to meet are: the minimum target operating frequency is greater than the current operating frequency of the compressor; the maximum target operating frequency is equal to the maximum set frequency; there is a predetermined frequency difference between adjacent target operating frequencies.
  • the specific number of target operating frequencies needs to be determined based on the specific operating conditions of the compressor. For example, the larger the frequency interval formed between the current operating frequency and the maximum set frequency, the greater the number of target operating frequencies.
  • the control method can control the compressor frequency increase in the following way: according to the sequence from the minimum target operating frequency to the maximum target operating frequency, the compressor is controlled to increase from the current operating frequency to the predetermined speed in sequence.
  • Each target operating frequency, and running at each target operating frequency for a predetermined time step S3.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a control method for compressor up-frequency according to the present invention.
  • the compressor (for example, the compressor 11 shown in FIG. 4) operates at the current low frequency fc, and its operating frequency f needs to be increased to the maximum due to a significant increase in the actual load Set the frequency fmax.
  • the number of target operating frequencies may be other values that meet actual needs, such as 2, 3, 5, 6, and so on.
  • the adjacent target operating frequencies of f1, f2, f3, and f4 all have the same frequency difference, such as 5rps.
  • the frequency difference between adjacent target operating frequencies can be a difference greater than or less than 5 rps, or the frequency difference between every two adjacent target operating frequencies can be a different difference. , As long as these values can ensure that other parameters of the compressor, such as noise, discharge pressure, discharge temperature, etc., are within a reasonable range.
  • the compressor in the frequency up process, is controlled to increase from the current low frequency fc to the first target operating frequency f1 at a first predetermined speed (for example, 1rps/s or other suitable speed values).
  • the time is t1 (the unit is seconds, that is, "s").
  • the compressor will continue to run for a predetermined time at the first target operating frequency f1, such as 30s or other suitable time values, and then at a second predetermined speed (such as 1rps) /s or other suitable speed value) from the first target operating frequency f1 to the second target operating frequency f2, the required time is t2.
  • the compressor needs to continue to operate at the second target operating frequency f2 for a predetermined time, such as 30s or other suitable time values.
  • a predetermined time such as 30s or other suitable time values.
  • the compressor rises from the second target operating frequency f2 to the third target operating frequency f3 at a third predetermined speed (for example, 1 rps/s or other suitable speed value), and the time is t3.
  • the compressor maintains the third target operating frequency f3 for a predetermined time (for example, 30s or other suitable time value)
  • it starts from the third target operating frequency at a fourth predetermined speed (for example, 1rps/s or other suitable speed value).
  • f3 rises to the fourth target operating frequency f4
  • the time is t4.
  • the compressor rises to the fourth target operating frequency f4, it also means that the compressor has reached the maximum set frequency fmax, so the maximum set frequency can be maintained fmax until the actual load demand changes.
  • This stepped up-frequency method can keep the compressor at the set target operating frequency for a period of time (called the "frequency maintenance phase") and then continue to increase the frequency to achieve the required target operation After the frequency is maintained for a period of time, then the frequency is increased, and the process is repeated until the maximum frequency is set.
  • the frequency maintenance phase the oil discharge rate of the compressor is constant and no longer increases, but the oil that has been discharged into the air conditioning system has been The refrigerant circulates back to the compressor. In this way, in a short period of time, the lubricant discharge rate in the compressor no longer increases, but the return flow continues, so that the lubricant level in the compressor can be maintained at a safe level. above.
  • the first, second, third, and fourth predetermined speeds use the same speed value, for example, 1 rps/s.
  • the first, second, third, and fourth predetermined speeds may also adopt speed values different from each other as required.
  • the first predetermined speed may adopt a speed value greater than the fourth predetermined speed.
  • the compressor runs for the same duration at each target operating frequency, for example, 30s.
  • the duration of operation of the compressor at each target operating frequency may also be different from each other to meet the actual demand of the compressor. The principle of setting these parameters is to ensure that other parameters of the compressor, such as noise, discharge pressure, discharge temperature, etc., are within a reasonable range.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an example of a compressor to which the method for controlling the frequency up of the compressor of the present invention is applied.
  • the compressor 11 is a hermetic compressor with a variable frequency drive.
  • the compressor 11 is provided with a sight glass 12 for observing the level of lubricating oil in the compressor.
  • the sight glass 12 may be externally connected to the compressor or fixed together with the compressor. Through the sight glass 12, the level of the lubricating oil liquid level in the compressor 11 can be directly observed. Referring to Fig.
  • the compressor 11 is provided with different lubricating oil liquid level heights: the lubricating oil liquid level height aligned with the suction port of the oil pump is 14mm (millimeters), and the corresponding lubricating oil volume is 50ml (ml); compression
  • the height of the lubricating oil level when the machine should be stopped is 30mm, and the corresponding lubricating oil volume is 350ml;
  • the height of the lubricating oil filling level is 70mm, and the corresponding lubricating oil volume is 1100ml;
  • the liquid level of the lubricating oil balance pipe mouth is 90mm ,
  • the corresponding lubricating oil volume is 1450ml; the highest lubricating oil level is 135mm, and the corresponding lubricating oil volume is 2000ml.
  • the lubricating oil liquid level with a height of 30mm is the lowest liquid level allowed when the compressor 11 is running. If the compressor is maintained at the lowest liquid level during operation, it is likely to cause oil shortage and abrasion of the moving parts of the compressor, such as the crankshaft and scroll, thereby endangering the service life of the compressor.
  • the lubricating oil filling level with a height of 70mm is the safe lubricating oil level during compressor operation. In other words, the lubricating oil level during compressor operation should be greater than or equal to 70mm.
  • Fig. 5 is a graph comparing the influence of the compressor up-frequency control method of the present invention and the prior art linear up-frequency control method on the compressor lubricating oil level.
  • the compressor 11 shown in FIG. 4 is respectively applied with the prior art linear up-frequency control method and the compressor up-frequency control method of the present invention, and the result of the influence on the lubricating oil level in the compressor is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the two control methods of frequency increase are based on the same compressor operating conditions, for example, the compressor is in a long piping and high drop condition, and the initial lubricating oil level of the compressor is also the same.
  • the oil discharge rate of the compressor is reflected by the height of the compressor's lubricating oil level: the lower the lubricating oil level, the higher the oil discharge rate; conversely, the higher the lubricating oil level, the lower the oil discharge rate.
  • the lubricating oil level of the compressor can be observed through the sight glass mentioned above.
  • the curve 1a represents the change of the lubricant level in the compressor with time during the process of linear up-frequency control of the compressor
  • the curve 1b represents the control of the compressor in the step-up frequency method of the present invention.
  • the change of the lubricating oil level in the compressor with time during the frequency upscaling process For example, in the case of installation where high drop and long piping is not conducive to oil return, it can be seen from curve 1a that the linear up-frequency control method will cause the lubricating oil level to drop rapidly, for example, in the time period of 180s to 240s (about 1 minute) Inside, the lubricating oil level of the compressor has been maintained at about 30mm (operation stopped lubricating oil level).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de commande d'élévation de fréquence de compresseur. Lorsqu'un compresseur détermine, pendant le fonctionnement, qu'une fréquence de fonctionnement doit être améliorée, le procédé de commande comprend : la détermination d'une fréquence de fonctionnement actuelle et d'une fréquence de consigne maximale ; la sélection de plusieurs fréquences de fonctionnement cibles à partir d'un intervalle de fréquence formé par la fréquence de fonctionnement actuelle et la fréquence de consigne maximale, la fréquence de fonctionnement cible la plus basse étant supérieure à la fréquence de fonctionnement actuelle, la fréquence de fonctionnement cible la plus élevée étant égale à la fréquence de consigne maximale, et il y a une différence de fréquence prédéfinie entre des fréquences de fonctionnement cibles adjacentes ; le compresseur s'élève de la fréquence de fonctionnement actuelle à chaque fréquence de fonctionnement cible successivement à une vitesse prédéfinie selon un ordre allant de la fréquence de fonctionnement cible la plus basse à la fréquence de fonctionnement cible la plus élevée, et fonctionne pendant une période de temps prédéfinie à chaque fréquence de fonctionnement cible. Ce mode d'élévation de fréquence étagé peut réduire un débit d'évacuation d'huile du compresseur à l'étendue maximale, de manière à assurer un niveau d'huile raisonnable du compresseur et augmenter davantage la durée de vie du compresseur.
PCT/CN2021/072006 2020-03-13 2021-01-15 Procédé de commande d'élévation de fréquence de compresseur WO2021179790A1 (fr)

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CN202010176923.8 2020-03-13
CN202010176923.8A CN113390163A (zh) 2020-03-13 2020-03-13 压缩机升频的控制方法

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114110985A (zh) * 2021-11-30 2022-03-01 佛山市顺德区和而泰电子科技有限公司 一种变频空调的压缩机频率控制方法

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CN102705212A (zh) * 2012-06-07 2012-10-03 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 变频压缩机的启动方法
CN104006504A (zh) * 2014-06-19 2014-08-27 广东志高空调有限公司 一种变频空调低频运行控制方法及控制装置
CN104729022A (zh) * 2015-04-09 2015-06-24 宁波奥克斯电气有限公司 变频空调机组启动时升频控制方法
CN107448376A (zh) * 2017-07-31 2017-12-08 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 变频压缩机及其升频控制方法、装置和空调器
CN107576016A (zh) * 2017-09-22 2018-01-12 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 空调的控制方法及系统
WO2019097562A1 (fr) * 2017-11-14 2019-05-23 三菱電機株式会社 Climatiseur
CN110081552A (zh) * 2019-05-07 2019-08-02 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 压缩机的自适应控制方法及装置

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CN102705212A (zh) * 2012-06-07 2012-10-03 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 变频压缩机的启动方法
CN104006504A (zh) * 2014-06-19 2014-08-27 广东志高空调有限公司 一种变频空调低频运行控制方法及控制装置
CN104729022A (zh) * 2015-04-09 2015-06-24 宁波奥克斯电气有限公司 变频空调机组启动时升频控制方法
CN107448376A (zh) * 2017-07-31 2017-12-08 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 变频压缩机及其升频控制方法、装置和空调器
CN107576016A (zh) * 2017-09-22 2018-01-12 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 空调的控制方法及系统
WO2019097562A1 (fr) * 2017-11-14 2019-05-23 三菱電機株式会社 Climatiseur
CN110081552A (zh) * 2019-05-07 2019-08-02 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 压缩机的自适应控制方法及装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114110985A (zh) * 2021-11-30 2022-03-01 佛山市顺德区和而泰电子科技有限公司 一种变频空调的压缩机频率控制方法
CN114110985B (zh) * 2021-11-30 2023-10-27 佛山市顺德区和而泰电子科技有限公司 一种变频空调的压缩机频率控制方法

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