WO2021177381A1 - 線状物の除去方法、線状物の除去装置及び電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法 - Google Patents
線状物の除去方法、線状物の除去装置及び電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021177381A1 WO2021177381A1 PCT/JP2021/008282 JP2021008282W WO2021177381A1 WO 2021177381 A1 WO2021177381 A1 WO 2021177381A1 JP 2021008282 W JP2021008282 W JP 2021008282W WO 2021177381 A1 WO2021177381 A1 WO 2021177381A1
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- Prior art keywords
- rods
- linear
- raw material
- filter
- guide
- Prior art date
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 98
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/12—Apparatus having only parallel elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/12—Apparatus having only parallel elements
- B07B1/14—Roller screens
- B07B1/145—Roller screens the material to be screened moving along the axis of the parallel elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
- B07B1/282—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens their jigging movement being a closed or open curvilinear path in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the screen and parrallel or transverse to the direction of conveyance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
- B07B1/36—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens jigging or moving to-and-fro in more than one direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/003—Separation of articles by differences in their geometrical form or by difference in their physical properties, e.g. elasticity, compressibility, hardness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for removing linear objects, a method for removing linear objects, and a method for treating scraps of electronic / electrical equipment parts, and particularly a method for removing linear objects suitable for recycling of used electronic / electrical equipment.
- the present invention relates to a linear object removing device and a method for treating electronic / electrical equipment parts waste.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-150505 (Patent Document 1) describes an example of a sorting device that sorts a target sorting target from a mixture of long materials by sorting with a vibrating screen and sorting with an air flow. ing.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-123418
- Patent Document 2 electronic / electrical equipment component scraps containing copper are incinerated, crushed to a predetermined size or less, and the crushed electronic / electrical equipment component scraps are smelted with copper. It is described that it is processed in a furnace.
- Patent Document 1 is a sorting device for sorting long linear and long scattering objects as illustrated in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b). However, it is not performed to sort a sorting object containing a foreign substance having a shape other than a long one such as a plate, a column, or a cylinder.
- linear objects such as coated wires and copper wires (hereinafter referred to as "linear objects” or “wire scraps”). Since the linear object is easily entangled with other parts and equipment when selecting a desired single part from a wide variety of multi-shaped parts scraps, there is a risk of deterioration of separation accuracy and equipment trouble. Further, since the covered wire contains Sb, which is a smelting inhibitor, in the covered portion, the covered wire may be mixed into the smelting furnace, which may affect the operation of the smelting furnace.
- Sb which is a smelting inhibitor
- the present disclosure provides a method for removing linear objects, a device for removing linear objects, and a method for treating scraps of electronic / electrical equipment parts, which can improve the separation efficiency.
- the present inventors diligently studied, and found that the shape of the filter for sieving linear objects arranged in the vibrating sieve was devised and that the tip of the filter on the most downstream side was used. We have found that it is effective to adopt a predetermined configuration.
- the method for removing a linear object which has been completed based on the above findings, has, on one side, a plurality of rods extending at intervals along the supply direction of the raw material and a plurality of rods.
- a beam portion that supports a plurality of rods at one end is provided, and a plurality of filters having the other ends of the plurality of rods having free ends are arranged adjacent to each other so as to partially overlap along the supply direction and arranged in a vibrating sieve in the supply direction.
- a guide is placed below the tip of the filter, which is the most downstream side of the filter, and a raw material containing at least a linear substance and a plate-like substance is supplied into the vibrating sieve, the filter is vibrated, and the linear object is vibrated through a vibrating sieve.
- This is a method for removing linear objects, which includes sieving to the lower side of the sieve of the machine, capturing the massive linear objects with a guide, and sorting the massive linear objects from the plate-like objects.
- the method for treating electronic / electrical equipment component waste includes a plurality of rods extending at intervals along the supply direction of the raw material, and a plurality of rods at one end of the plurality of rods.
- a plurality of filters having a beam portion for supporting the rod and having the other end of the rod as a free end are arranged adjacent to each other so as to partially overlap along the supply direction, and are arranged in the vibrating sieve on the most downstream side in the supply direction.
- a guide is placed below the tip of a filter to supply the raw material containing at least substrate waste and wire dust into the vibrating sieve, vibrate the filter, and sift the wire dust to the lower side of the sieve of the vibrating sieve.
- the linear object removing device has, on one side, a vibrating sieve, a plurality of rods extending at intervals in the supply direction of the raw material, and a plurality of rods at one end of the plurality of rods.
- a plurality of filters having a beam portion for supporting the rods and having the other end of the plurality of rods having a free end, and a plurality of filters arranged in a vibrating sieve so as to partially overlap along the supply direction.
- a vibration adding means that vibrates the filter so as to sieve the linear material from the raw material containing at least the linear material and the plate-like material to the lower side of the sieve of the vibrating sieve, and arranged at the discharge port in the vibrating sieve. It is a device for removing a linear object, which is provided with a guide for holding the lumpy linear object and sorting the lumpy linear object and the plate-shaped object.
- FIG. 1 It is a partial side view which shows an example of the linear object removing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a partial top view which shows an example of the linear object removing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a partial side view which shows an example of the welding state of a beam part and a plurality of rods. It is a schematic diagram which shows the relationship of the interval and radius of a plurality of rods. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the linear object removing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the example of the filter which has the beam part at both ends of a rod. FIG.
- FIG. 7A is a schematic representation of the positional relationship of the pressing member and the sorting state of the plate-shaped object and the linear object when viewed from the supply direction of the raw material for the linear object removing device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 (b) shows the positional relationship of the holding member and the plate-like object and the linear object when viewed from the extending direction of the rod for the linear object removing device according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the sorting state.
- the linear object removing device is fixed to the fixing portion 10 arranged in the vibrating sieve machine 1 (vibrating sieve main body), and is fixed in the supply direction of the raw material.
- a plurality of filters 3 arranged adjacent to each other, a guide 6 provided at the discharge port of the vibrating sieve 1, and a plate-shaped material container 71 and a massive linear material container 72 provided below the guide 6 are included. It is provided with a container 7.
- the guide 6 is provided below the tip of the filter 3 which is the most downstream side in the supply direction of the raw material.
- the plurality of filters 3 are subjected to vibration by vibration adding means (not shown), so that the raw materials supplied on the filters 3 are screened.
- the raw material is not particularly limited as long as it is a raw material containing at least a linear substance and a plate-like substance.
- the linear object is not limited to the following, but means a linear member having a minor axis and a major axis, and may include various wirings such as electric wires, cables, and conductors.
- the plate-shaped material is not particularly limited as long as it is a plate-shaped member, and examples thereof include a substrate, a plastic plate, and a metal plate. Typically, for example, a plate-shaped member having a surface area of 1 cm 2 or more and a thickness of 2 mm or more can be preferably used.
- the raw material can include three-dimensional objects other than linear and plate-like, such as tubular, columnar, square, and irregular lumps.
- three-dimensional objects other than linear and plate-like such as tubular, columnar, square, and irregular lumps.
- the raw material used in the embodiment of the present invention is electronic / electrical equipment parts waste. Of course, it is not limited to.
- the "electronic / electrical equipment component waste” in the embodiment of the present invention is waste crushed electronic / electrical equipment such as waste home appliances, PCs and mobile phones, and has an appropriate size after being collected. Refers to what has been crushed into.
- the crushing for making electronic / electrical equipment parts waste may be performed by the processor himself, or may be crushed in the market and purchased.
- the crushing means is not limited to a specific device, but does not include devices belonging to the crusher category, and crushing that does not impair the shape of parts is desired as much as possible.
- the electronic / electrical equipment component scraps are preferably crushed to a maximum diameter of 100 mm or less, more preferably 50 mm or less.
- Electronic / electrical equipment parts waste is not efficient in terms of separation efficiency even if it is made too small by crushing, etc. Therefore, it is crushed to a minimum diameter of 5 mm or more, more preferably 10 mm or more, and further to 15 mm or more. Is preferable.
- the raw material of the electronic / electrical equipment component waste according to the present embodiment is roughly crushed in advance, it is possible to separate the raw materials into a capacitor, a plastic, a substrate, a wire waste, an IC, a connector, a metal, or the like. preferable. This makes it easier to select a specific single component by a transfer machine described later.
- Coarsely crushed electronic / electrical equipment parts scraps may be sorted by wind power, and lightweight materials sorted by wind power sorting at 3 to 20 m / s may be treated in the present embodiment. By combining wind sorting, sorting efficiency is improved. Wind sorting may be performed before or after the following debris sieving. Although it depends on the material contained in the scraps of electronic / electrical equipment parts, the separation between the precious metal-containing material such as a substrate or IC and the metal is preferably 10 to 18 m / s, more preferably 15 to 18 m / s, and the capacitor. In order to improve the concentration and the fraction of the metal, the optimum wind speed is preferably 5 to 15 m / s, more preferably 8 to 12 m / s.
- the wind speed is 5 to 8 m / s, and further. Is preferably 6 to 7 m / s.
- the vibrating sieve 1 shown in FIG. 1 is used to screen raw materials, that is, wire scraps from electronic / electrical equipment parts scraps as linear substances contained in the electronic / electrical equipment parts scraps. ..
- Wire scrap means wiring between devices of electronic / electrical devices made of copper, copper alloy, aluminum, etc., or electric wires used inside the devices.
- the wire chips include covered wires, copper wires, elongated linear lumps, and the like.
- the "wire scraps" in the present embodiment include many stranded wires, copper wires unwound from braids, etc., but these copper wires and the like have a small diameter, and in particular, there is a problem that they are easily entangled with other parts scraps. be.
- the diameter is 0.5 mm or less, 0.2 mm or less, or thinner
- the length of these debris may be less than 50 mm in major axis due to crushing, but may include those having a major axis of more than 50 mm.
- the copper wire is particularly soft, so that it is liable to be entangled and become lumpy waste or the like.
- Wire scraps are easily entangled with other parts and equipment when sorting electronic and electrical equipment parts scraps, which may cause deterioration of separation accuracy and equipment troubles.
- the coated wire contains about 0.3% of Sb, which is a smelting inhibitor, in the coated portion. If the covered wire is mixed into the smelting furnace, it may affect the operation of the smelting furnace.
- the covered wire is separated by sieving to smelt Sb, which is a smelting inhibitor, in a smelting furnace. Can be removed from the processing system of.
- the vibrating sieve 1 As the vibrating sieve 1, a generally available device may be used, and its detailed structure is not particularly limited. However, when sieving linear objects, the shape of the filter 3 is particularly devised. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 or 2, a plurality of rods 2 extending at intervals y from each other in the raw material supply direction (left-right direction of the paper surface), and a plurality of rods 2 at one end 2a of the plurality of rods 2. A plurality of filters 3 having a beam portion 21 for supporting the rod 2 and having the other end 2b of the plurality of rods 2 as a free end are arranged in the vibrating sieve machine 1.
- the plurality of filters 3 are arranged adjacent to each other so as to partially overlap each other along the supply direction.
- the plurality of rods 2 extend in a direction substantially parallel to the supply direction of the raw material, and extend so as to be parallel to each other with an interval y.
- the plurality of filters 3 are arranged so as to be inclined so that the height on the downstream side in the supply direction of the raw material is higher than the height on the upstream side in the supply direction of the raw material.
- the total length of the filters 3 becomes long, and the apparatus may become large.
- by arranging the plurality of filters 3 in an inclined manner it is possible to secure the transport distance required for improving the sorting efficiency of the linear object, and the linear object and the plate can be secured. The efficiency of sorting with the state can be further improved.
- each of the plurality of filters 3 so that the inclination angles ⁇ of the plurality of filters 3 with respect to the horizontal plane are larger than 0 ° and 45 ° or less, and more preferably the inclination angles ⁇ are larger than 0 ° and 30 ° or less. Further, the inclination angle ⁇ is larger than 0 ° and 15 ° or less.
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the plurality of filters 3 with respect to the horizontal plane means the angle formed by the horizontal plane ⁇ and the upper surface serving as the transport surface of the plurality of filters 3. It is not necessary to incline all the inclination angles ⁇ of the filters 3 to the same angle, and it is also possible to change the inclination angles ⁇ to appropriate angles according to the arrangement position of the filters 3. For example, the tilt angle can be gradually reduced or increased in the supply direction.
- the beam portion 21 includes an upper surface portion 21a extending in a direction intersecting the extending direction of the plurality of rods 2 on the plurality of rods 2, a lower surface portion 21b facing the upper surface portion 21a, and the upper surface portion 21a and the lower surface portion 21b. It is composed of a hollow or solid metal member composed of two intersecting side surface portions 21c and 21d. As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of holes 21e are formed in the side surface portion 21c, and a plurality of rods 2 are inserted into the plurality of holes 21e and fixed by the welded portion 21f.
- the fixing between the plurality of rods 2 and the beam portion 21 is strengthened.
- the filter 3 has a beam portion 21 at one end 2a of the plurality of rods 2 and the other end 2b has a cantilever shape in which the other end 2b is a free end, it is relatively like scraps of electronic / electrical equipment parts. It is possible to stably sort and process materials having a large specific density.
- the filter 3 When the filter 3 is arranged adjacent to the raw material supply direction, the upper surface portion 21a of the beam portion 21 included in the filter 3 of 1 is arranged adjacent to the upstream side of the raw material supply direction of the filter 3. It is preferable that the filter 3 is arranged so as to be arranged immediately below the free end at the other end 2b of the plurality of rods 2 provided.
- the raw material when the raw material is conveyed from the filter 3 of 1 to the other filter 3, the raw material can be once dropped onto the upper surface portion 21a without directly falling onto the plurality of rods 2, so that a plurality of rods 2 can be dropped. Damage to the rod 2 can be suppressed, and the sorting device can be operated for a longer period of time without requiring replacement of parts.
- a preventive device 22 can be provided.
- the fall protection tool 22 can be arranged in a space between the other end 2b of the rod 2 and one end 2a of another rod 2 arranged below the other end 2b of the rod 2.
- the fall prevention tool 22 prevents the raw material that falls from the other end 2b of the rod 2 to the upper surface portion 21a of the beam portion 21 from accidentally falling to the lower side of the sieve.
- the fall prevention tool 22 is provided to prevent the raw material that should not be separated to the lower side of the sieve from falling to the lower side of the sieve. Can be done.
- FIG. 1 an example extending substantially in the vertical direction from the upper surface portion 21a of the beam portion 21 is shown, but it goes without saying that the beam portion 21 may be slightly inclined toward the upstream side or the downstream side in the supply direction.
- the surface of the plurality of rods 2 is formed with a curved surface R for sieving the debris to the lower side of the sieve. Since the wire debris has a linear shape, if the surface of the rod 2 is angular, when the debris moves along the supply direction of the raw material, it is caught by the rod 2 and floats up, and it is not properly sieved to the lower side of the sieve. There is.
- the contact between the debris and the rods 2 can be made smoother, so that the efficiency of sieving the debris can be further improved.
- the surfaces of the plurality of rods 2 may be surface-processed to facilitate contact with wire debris.
- the distance between the rods 2 and the diameter of the rods 2 are adjusted based on the size of the plate-shaped object X contained in the scraps of electronic / electrical equipment parts.
- the average size (diameter) of the plate-shaped object X contained in the electronic / electrical equipment component scraps supplied on the filter is X mm
- the distance between the rods is y.
- the rod radius is r
- the distance between the plurality of rods 2 is adjusted to be 1.2 to 6 times the representative diameter of the linear object and narrower than the minimum minor diameter of the plate-shaped object.
- the "representative diameter" of the linear object any 10 points of the linear object in the raw material are extracted, and the average diameter of the extracted 10 linear objects on the major axis side is calculated. This is repeated 5 times, and the average value of 5 times is taken as the "representative diameter”.
- the minimum minor diameter of the plate-shaped object any 10 points of the plate-shaped body in the raw material are extracted, and the average diameter of the extracted 10 points of the plate-shaped object on the minor axis side is calculated, and this is calculated as 5. It means the average value repeated many times.
- the rod diameter (2r) can be 1 to 15 mm.
- the rod spacing can be 1 to 10 mm, more preferably 1.5 to 5 mm.
- the length of the rod 2 is typically 100 to 600 mm, more preferably 200 to 400 mm. If it is shorter than 100 mm, if there are many long linear objects, it will be difficult to fall under the sieve, and the linear objects will easily become lumpy on the sieve. On the other hand, if it exceeds 600 mm, the rod tends to shake due to vibration.
- the table 4 can be arranged further upstream of the filter 3.
- Electronic / electrical equipment component scraps are arranged on the filter 3 from the table 4, and are subjected to vibration from a vibration adding means (not shown) on the filter 3, so that the upper side of the sieve contains a precious metal composed of a plate-like material such as a substrate or an IC. Items are sorted, and debris containing covered wire is sorted under the sieve.
- the table 4 is composed of a flat plate having substantially no gap for sieving wire debris, and the raw material is first supplied onto the table 4 before being supplied to the filter 3.
- the raw materials can be dispersed on the table 4 by first applying vibration to the raw materials supplied on the table 4. Then, by supplying the dispersed raw material from the table 4 to the filter 3, the efficiency of sorting the linear material and the plate-shaped material in the filter 3 can be further improved. Further, by once applying vibration to the raw material on the table 4, there is also an effect that the directions of the linear objects can be aligned.
- the vibration applied to the table 4 may be about the same as the vibration applied to the filter 3.
- the pressing member 5 for pressing the raw material as shown in FIG. 7A is arranged on the raw material arranged on the filter 3 and sieved.
- the pressing member 5 has a material and shape that can suppress the plate-like material contained in the raw material from rotating due to the vibration given to the filter 3 and prevent it from falling out from between the rods 2. good.
- the pressing member 5 an elastic member such as a rubber material, a resin material, or a sponge material which has elasticity and can hold the raw material by the elastic force can be used.
- An elastic vinyl sheet or the like can also be used as the pressing member 5.
- the pressing member 5 may be a member having one or a plurality of holes so as to have an appropriate frictional force with the raw material.
- the optimum thickness of the pressing member 5 can be appropriately selected depending on the raw material used. Although not limited to the following, when a rubber material is used as the pressing member 5, it is preferable to arrange the sheet-shaped member having a thickness of about 2 to 20 mm so as to cover the raw material. By covering the raw material with the pressing member 5, an appropriate load is applied to the electronic / electrical equipment parts, and the sieving efficiency is improved. A weight such as an iron plate may be placed on the pressing member 5 to adjust the load.
- the pressing member 5 has a fixed end fixed to the vibrating sieve 1 at one end on the supply side of the raw material, and the other end on the discharge side of the raw material is a vibrating sieve. It is preferable to have a free end that is not fixed to the machine 1. By fixing one end of the pressing member 5, it is possible to prevent the pressing member 5 from flowing to the raw material discharge side together with the raw material, and by making the other end of the pressing member 5 a free end, the other end of the pressing member 5 becomes. Since it becomes easier to move according to the shape and vibration of the raw material, it becomes easier to hold the raw material more appropriately.
- the holding member 5 has its fixed end fixed above (upper end) on the supply side of the vibrating sieve machine 1 that supplies the raw material onto the filter 3.
- the pressing member 5 is hung from the supply side to the discharging side of the raw material, and the free end of the pressing member 5 is placed on the filter 3 on the discharging side of the raw material. It is possible to move up and down while holding down.
- the raw material easily vibrates on the supply side of the raw material, the directions of the linear objects can be easily aligned, and the vertical movement due to the vibration of the raw material is suppressed on the discharge side of the raw material.
- By pressing with it is possible to easily screen the linear object below the filter 3.
- the pressing member 5 can be arranged so as to cover the entire surface of the filter 3 and at least a part of the guide 6. As a result, unnecessary rotation of all the raw materials on the filter 3 can be conveyed to the guide 6 side while being pressed by one pressing member 5, and the plate-shaped object can be suppressed from falling from between the rods 2. ..
- a plurality of pressing members 5 may be arranged from the supply direction of the raw material to the discharge direction of the raw material.
- the pressing member 5 may be arranged on each of the plurality of filters 3, or may be arranged only on the filter 3 on the most upstream side when viewed from the raw material supply side.
- the sieving of raw materials using the vibrating sieving machine 1 is repeated twice or more.
- a substrate with a component and a substrate without a component in the electronic / electrical equipment component are separated by sieving in the first stage. Then, by further sieving the substrate without parts by the second stage sieving, about 40% of the substrates of all the electronic / electrical equipment parts can be transferred to the upper side of the sieving.
- the load of the electronic / electrical equipment parts is adjusted by the pressing member 5, so that the substrate included in the electronic / electrical equipment parts is included at the time when the second-stage sieving is completed.
- About 70% can be transferred to the upper side of the sieve, and about 90% of the wire chips (covered wire) can be transferred to the lower side of the sieve.
- the magnitude of the vibration applied to the filter 3 is arbitrary, and is not particularly limited as long as the magnitude is such that the directions of the linear objects can be aligned.
- the vibration direction is preferably the same as the extending direction of the rod 2, that is, the direction parallel to the supply direction of the raw material (front-back direction).
- the amplitude may be any amplitude as long as the raw material moves forward, and can be appropriately set according to the processing amount of the raw material.
- the device for supplying the vibration applied to the filter 3 may be a linear type or a rotary type, and is not particularly limited as long as it generates a predetermined vibration.
- vibration can be applied so that the vibration width in the vertical direction (vibration width in the vertical direction) and the vibration width in the front-rear direction are 0.5 to 10 mm with respect to the upper surface of the filter 3. If the vibration width is too large, the debris separation efficiency may decrease, and if the vibration width is too small, the effect of vibration cannot be significantly obtained. Therefore, the vibration width may be set to 5 to 8 mm. More preferred.
- the filter 3 is subjected to vibration having a frequency of about 50 Hz, and the vibration transmission rate (vibration rate) transmitted from the vibration source to the filter 3 is between 10 and 90%. The magnitude of vibration can be adjusted so as to be.
- Vibration can be applied to the filter 3 intermittently or continuously. By continuously applying vibration, it is possible to stably collect the debris, and by applying vibration intermittently, the power required to drive the vibration can be omitted.
- the other end 2b of the rod 2 is preferably arranged on the upper surface of the region A in which the upper surface portion 21a of the beam portion 21 is arranged, and more preferably on the position closer to the upstream side in the supply direction of the region A. It is preferable to be arranged.
- the precious metal-containing material consisting of a plate-like material such as a substrate or IC selected on the upper side of the sieve by the filter 3 remains on the filter 3 on the most downstream side in the supply direction of the raw material, and is a plate-like material container for accommodating the plate-like material. It is housed in 71.
- copper wire scraps and fine wires are basically soft, and the longer the length, the easier it is to get entangled.
- the thin lines may become lumpy and do not drop significantly below the filter 3 (under the sieve).
- the raw materials are sieved while being pressed by the pressing member 5, even if the raw materials have been subjected to the removal treatment of copper wire dust or fine wires in advance before the sieving, the raw materials are more likely to be caught in each other during sieving. In some cases, a large amount of lumpy linear material is generated and the separation efficiency of the linear material is lowered.
- the guide 6 is provided below the tip of the filter 3 (also referred to as “final filter 3”) located on the most downstream side in the raw material supply direction.
- final filter 3 the filter 3
- the guide 6 it is possible to capture both the lumpy linear material contained in the raw material before the vibrating sieve and the lumpy linear material generated in the vibrating sieve.
- the guide 6 it is possible to prevent the linear object from being mixed into the plate-shaped object container 71 that accommodates the plate-shaped object.
- the lumpy linear objects generated in the vibrating sieve are entangled with each other to form lumps, but the plate-like objects are caught in the gaps between the rods, and the plate-like objects are used as the starting point for the debris. May become entangled and become a lump.
- the guide 6 is arranged so as to cover the upper part of the plate-shaped material container 71 for accommodating the plate-shaped material, and as shown in FIG. 2, the raw material supply direction (paper surface left-right direction).
- a plurality of rods 62 extending at intervals z from each other, and a beam portion 61 supporting the plurality of rods 62 at one end of the plurality of rods 62 are provided.
- the plurality of rods 62 have a comb-teeth shape in which only one end is fixed to the beam portion 61 and the other rods are not fixed to other members. Can be sent to the discharge side.
- the beam portion 61 of the guide 6 is arranged so as to partially overlap with each other directly below the final filter 3. As a result, the plate-shaped material conveyed from the final filter 3 can be received on the beam portion 61 of the guide 6, and the plate-shaped material can be dropped toward the plate-shaped material container 71 through the gap between the rods 62.
- the plurality of rods 62 included in the guide 6 extend in a direction substantially parallel to the supply direction of the raw material, and extend so as to be parallel to each other with an interval z.
- the distance z between the rods 62 of the guide 6 only needs to have a width sufficient for dropping the plate-like object to the lower side of the sieve, and is formed wider than the distance y of the filter 3. If the length of the guide 6 in the transport direction is too short, the lumpy debris and the plate-like material may not be sufficiently sorted, while if it is too long, the lumpy linear material is on the rod 62. It may become clogged and difficult to remove.
- the distance z between the rods 62 of the guide 6 can be 5 to 50 times, more preferably 10 to 40 times, and further preferably 15 to 30 times the distance y of the filter 3.
- the length of the rod 62 of the guide 6 along the raw material supply direction can be 100 to 600 mm, more preferably 150 to 500 mm, still more preferably 200 to 400 mm.
- the surface of the rod 62 may have a curved surface shape, and the surface of the rod 62 may be subjected to surface processing to improve sliding with a plate-like object or a lumpy linear object.
- the present invention has been described using the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to each embodiment, and the components can be modified and embodied within a range that does not deviate from the gist thereof.
- various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining the plurality of components disclosed in each embodiment. For example, some components may be removed from all the components shown in the embodiments. Further, the components of different embodiments may be combined as appropriate.
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- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
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- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
Description
2…ロッド
3…フィルター
4…テーブル
5…押さえ部材
6…ガイド
10…固定部
21…梁部
21a…上面部
21b…下面部
21c、21d…側面部
21e…穴
21f…溶接部
22…落下防止具
61…梁部
62…ロッド
200…梁部
Claims (11)
- 原料の供給方向に沿って間隔を空けて延在する複数のロッドと、前記複数のロッドの一端で前記複数のロッドを支える梁部とを備え、前記複数のロッドの他端が自由端となる複数のフィルターを前記供給方向に沿って一部重なるように隣接させて振動篩機内に配置し、
前記供給方向の最も下流側にあるフィルターの先端部の下方にガイドを配置し、
線状物と板状物とを少なくとも含む原料を前記振動篩機内へ供給し、前記フィルターに振動を与え、前記線状物を前記振動篩機の篩下側へ篩い分けするとともに、前記ガイドにより塊状の線状物を捕捉し、前記塊状の線状物と前記板状物とを選別すること
を含む線状物の除去方法。 - 前記塊状の線状物と前記板状物とを選別することが、
前記フィルターの先端部の下方において、前記供給方向に間隔を空けて延在する複数のロッドと前記ロッドを支える梁部とを備えるガイドを用いて、前記ガイドの前記ロッド上に前記塊状の線状物を捕捉し、前記板状物を前記ロッドの間から落下させることを含む請求項1に記載の線状物の除去方法。 - 前記ガイドの前記ロッドの間隔が、前記フィルターの前記ロッドの間隔に対して5~50倍であり、前記供給方向に沿った前記ガイドの前記ロッドの長さが100~600mmである請求項1又は2に記載の線状物の除去方法。
- 前記振動篩機の前記原料の供給側に一端が固定され、他端が前記原料の排出側において自由端となる、弾性部材で形成された押さえ部材によって、前記原料を前記フィルターおよび前記ガイドの上方から押さえることを含む請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の線状物の除去方法。
- 前記原料が、電子・電気機器部品屑であり、前記板状物が基板屑を含み、前記線状物が線屑を含む請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の線状物の除去方法。
- 原料の供給方向に沿って間隔を空けて延在する複数のロッドと、前記複数のロッドの一端で前記複数のロッドを支える梁部とを備え、前記複数のロッドの他端が自由端となる複数のフィルターを前記供給方向に沿って一部重なるように隣接させて振動篩機内に配置し、
前記供給方向の最も下流側にあるフィルターの先端部の下方にガイドを配置し、
基板屑と線屑とを少なくとも含む原料を前記振動篩機内へ供給し、前記フィルターに振動を与え、前記線屑を前記振動篩機の篩下側へ篩い分けするとともに、前記ガイドにより塊状の線屑を捕捉し、前記塊状の線屑と前記基板屑とを選別すること
を含む電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。 - 振動篩機と、
原料の供給方向に互いに間隔を空けて延在する複数のロッドと、前記複数のロッドの一端で前記複数のロッドを支える梁部とを備え、前記複数のロッドの他端が自由端となる複数のフィルターであって、前記供給方向に沿って一部重なるように隣接させて振動篩機内に配置された複数のフィルターと、
線状物と板状物とを少なくとも含む原料から前記線状物を前記振動篩機の篩下側へ篩い分けするように前記フィルターに振動を与える振動付加手段と、
前記振動篩機内の排出口に配置され、塊状の線状物を保持して前記塊状の線状物と板状物とを選別するガイドと
を備える線状物の除去装置。 - 前記ガイドが、前記供給方向に間隔を空けて延在する複数のロッドと前記ロッドを支える梁部とを備えるガイドを備え、前記ロッド上に前記塊状の線状物を捕捉し、前記板状物を前記ロッドの間から落下させる請求項7に記載の線状物の除去装置。
- 前記ガイドの前記ロッドの間隔が5~50倍であり、前記ガイドの前記ロッドの前記供給方向に沿った長さが100~600mmである請求項7又は8に記載の線状物の除去装置。
- 前記原料を前記フィルターの上方から押さえるように、前記振動篩機の前記原料の供給側に一端が固定され、他端が前記原料の排出側において自由端となる、弾性部材で形成された押さえ部材を更に備える請求項7~9のいずれか1項に記載の線状物の除去装置。
- 前記原料が、電子・電気機器部品屑であり、前記板状物が基板屑を含み、前記線状物が線屑を含む請求項7~10のいずれか1項に記載の線状物の除去装置。
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JP2022504441A JP7155453B2 (ja) | 2020-03-03 | 2021-03-03 | 線状物の除去方法、線状物の除去装置及び電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法 |
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