WO2021135189A1 - 一种锂电池模组的液冷箱体 - Google Patents

一种锂电池模组的液冷箱体 Download PDF

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WO2021135189A1
WO2021135189A1 PCT/CN2020/105062 CN2020105062W WO2021135189A1 WO 2021135189 A1 WO2021135189 A1 WO 2021135189A1 CN 2020105062 W CN2020105062 W CN 2020105062W WO 2021135189 A1 WO2021135189 A1 WO 2021135189A1
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liquid
plate
cooling
battery
cooled box
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PCT/CN2020/105062
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English (en)
French (fr)
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沈炳杰
蔡毅
李小辉
程骞
张雅
林志宏
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合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司
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Publication of WO2021135189A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021135189A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/627—Stationary installations, e.g. power plant buffering or backup power supplies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H01M10/6555—Rods or plates arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a liquid-cooled box of a lithium battery module.
  • Lithium batteries are more and more widely used in new energy vehicles and energy storage systems.
  • the lithium battery system contains several battery modules, and the battery modules are composed of several single cells in series and parallel.
  • Lithium batteries generate heat during charging and discharging, especially under conditions of high-rate charging and discharging, which produce large amounts of heat and the battery's temperature rises quickly.
  • lithium batteries are most suitable for working at 15-30°C. In the case of high ambient temperature in summer, when the battery is continuously charged and discharged, if there is no active heat dissipation measure, the battery temperature can easily reach above 40°C, or even exceed 50°C.
  • One purpose of the present invention is to provide an improved liquid-cooled box for lithium battery modules.
  • a liquid-cooled box for a lithium battery module includes a lower box, the lower box includes a bottom plate, and side plates located on both sides of the bottom plate, and at least one support plate is fixed at the top of the bottom plate; the support plate A battery cavity for placing the battery is formed between two of the side plates; at least one of the two side walls constituting the battery cavity is a cooling plate.
  • the two ends of the cooling plate are respectively provided with adapters, and the adapters communicate with the external liquid cooling pipe.
  • the end of the cooling plate is provided with a through flow channel, and at least one flow channel is arranged along the length direction of the cooling plate; the adapter is sealed and fixed at the end of the cooling plate and is connected to the flow channel. Road is connected.
  • the outer end surface of the adapter is provided with a nozzle communicating with the external liquid cooling pipe, and the inner end surface is provided with a nozzle connected with the flow channel.
  • the number of the nozzles is consistent with the number of the flow channels.
  • the flow channel is arranged through the length direction of the cooling plate, that is, the cooling liquid in the external liquid cooling pipe enters the flow channel in the cooling plate through the adapter at one end, and then from the other end of the cooling plate.
  • the adapter flows out to realize the circulation of the coolant and take away the heat.
  • the side plate and the supporting plate are integrally formed with the bottom plate, or the side plate and the supporting plate are fixed on the bottom plate by welding or bonding.
  • the side plate and the supporting plate are arranged in parallel and are vertically fixed on the upper surface of the bottom plate. That is, between two adjacent vertical plates (between side plates and supporting plates, or between adjacent supporting plates and supporting plates), a battery cavity for placing batteries is formed; two adjacent vertical plates constitute Two side walls of the battery cavity, at least one of the two side walls of the battery cavity is a cooling plate or both side walls are cooling plates.
  • the liquid-cooled box body further includes an upper cover, which fits with the upper edge of the lower box body, and is connected and fixed by welding, threaded connection or structural glue bonding.
  • the liquid-cooled box created by the present invention is provided with a support plate in the middle of the lower box to form a separate battery cavity for placing the battery, and at least one of the two side walls constituting the battery cavity is a cooling plate, that is, each A battery cavity must have a cooling plate on one side, which can take away the heat generated by the battery in time; because the cooling plate is provided with a flow channel through both ends, the surface area in contact with the battery is large, and the circulation of the cooling liquid is ensured. , So that the effect of heat conduction and heat dissipation is superior. It can also isolate the thermal runaway between adjacent batteries, improving the safety of the battery module.
  • the cooling plate is designed in the middle of the battery module to conduct heat conduction in the area where the battery temperature is the highest, and the heat dissipation efficiency is high; in addition, the cooling plate is inside the battery module, which heats up the module structure and improves the structure reliability.
  • the liquid-cooled box integrates liquid-cooling function, which simplifies the pack design and improves the system integration efficiency; the liquid-cooling plate inside the battery module isolates the battery. In extreme cases, such as the battery's thermal runaway, the battery is damaged by the liquid-cooling plate. Divided into multiple cavities, it is helpful to reduce the risk of thermal runaway and improve the safety of the module.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid-cooled box of the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the end structure of the liquid-cooled box of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid-cooled box of the second embodiment.
  • a liquid-cooled box for a lithium battery module includes a lower box, the lower box includes a bottom plate 1, side plates 2 located on both sides of the bottom plate 1, the bottom plate 1 A supporting plate 3 is fixed at the top; a battery cavity for placing batteries is formed between two of the supporting plate 3 and the side plate 2; at least one of the two side walls constituting the battery cavity is a cooling plate .
  • Only the support plate 3 can be set as a cooling plate, or both the side plates 2 and the support plate 3 can be set as cooling plates (as shown in FIG. 1), so that the heat dissipation effect of the battery is better.
  • the two ends of the cooling plate are respectively communicated with the external liquid cooling pipe through the adapter 4.
  • the end of the cooling plate is provided with a through flow channel 5, and two of the flow channels 5 are arranged along the length of the cooling plate (as shown in Figure 2); the adapter 4 is sealed and fixed at the end of the cooling plate And communicate with the flow channel 5.
  • the outer end surface of the adapter 4 is provided with a nozzle communicating with the external liquid cooling pipe, and the inner end surface is provided with a nozzle connected with the flow channel 5, and the number of the nozzles is the same as that of the flow channel 5. The number is the same.
  • the cooling liquid in the external liquid cooling pipe enters the flow channel in the cooling plate through the adapter at one end, and then flows out from the adapter at the other end of the cooling plate to realize the circulation of the cooling liquid and take away heat.
  • the side plate 2 and the supporting plate 3 are all vertically fixed on the bottom plate 1.
  • the side plate 2 and the supporting plate 3 are integrally formed with the bottom plate 1, or the side plate 2 and the supporting plate 3 are welded or bonded. Fixed on the bottom plate 1.
  • the liquid-cooled box body further includes an upper cover (drawn at the end of the figure), and the upper cover is matched with the upper edge of the lower box body, and is connected and fixed by welding, threaded connection or structural glue bonding.
  • a liquid-cooled box for a lithium battery module includes a lower box, the lower box includes a bottom plate 1, side plates 2 located on both sides of the bottom plate 1, and the top of the bottom plate 1 is fixed There are three support plates 3; two of the support plates 3 and side plates 2 form a battery cavity for placing the battery; one of the two side walls constituting the battery cavity is a cooling plate, that is, the first , The third support plate is set as a cooling plate.
  • the support plate is arranged inside the battery module, which can strengthen the strength of the module structure and improve the reliability of the structure.
  • the liquid-cooled box created by the present invention is provided with a support plate in the middle of the lower box to form a separate battery cavity for placing the battery, and at least one of the two side walls constituting the battery cavity is a cooling plate, That is to say, each battery cavity must have a cooling plate on one side, which can take away the heat generated by the battery in time; because the cooling plate is provided with a flow channel through both ends, the surface area in contact with the battery is large, and the cooling liquid is guaranteed. Circulation, so that the effect of heat conduction and heat dissipation is superior. It can also isolate the thermal runaway between adjacent batteries, improving the safety of the battery module.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种锂电池模组的液冷箱体，包括下箱体，所述下箱体包括底板(1)、位于底板(1)两侧的侧板(2)，所述底板(1)的顶端固设有至少一个支撑板(3)；所述支撑板(3)与侧板(2)中的两两之间均形成用于放置电池的电池腔；构成电池腔的两个侧壁中至少一个侧壁为冷却板。该液冷箱体在下箱体的中间设置支撑板(3)，加强了模组结构强度，起到对电池散热的同时，还能隔开相邻电池之间的热失控，提高电池模组的安全性。

Description

一种锂电池模组的液冷箱体 技术领域
本发明创造涉及锂电池技术领域，具体涉及一种锂电池模组的液冷箱体。
背景技术
锂电池在新能源汽车及储能系统中应用越来越广泛，锂电池系统包含若干个电池模组，而电池模组由若干个单个电芯进行串并联组成。锂电池在充电和放电时会产热，尤其是在大倍率充、放电条件，其产热量大，且电池的温度升高很快。一般来说，锂电池最适合在15-30℃条件下工作。在夏天环境温度较高情况下，电池持续充放电时，若无主动散热措施，电池温度很容易达到40℃以上，甚至超过50℃。在高温环境，一方面电池的循环寿命会受到很大影响，衰减很快；另一方面，电池温度过高，也容易引起其他副反应，对电池安全不利。因此现在越来越多的锂电池系统配有冷却系统。常用的冷却系统分为液冷和风冷。液冷的效率较高，比较适合在电动车等空间紧凑的场合使用。对于方形电池，通常需要把液冷板布置在电池或模组底部来散热；对于软包电池，主要方式是使电池的大面与铝板接触，通过铝板把热导到外部，与外部液冷系统连接。这两种方式，都有些不足，比如结构较复杂；液冷管道都布置在模组外部或边缘，而不是布置在模组温度最高的地方；另外，液冷系统在外部极端情况，易受损；再次，液冷系统不能隔离模组内热失控，不能加强模组结构强度等等。
发明内容
本发明创造的一个目的在于提供一种改进的锂电池模组的液冷箱体。
为实现上述目的，本发明创造提供如下技术方案：
一种锂电池模组的液冷箱体，包括下箱体，所述下箱体包括底板、位于底板两侧的侧板，所述底板的顶端固设有至少一个支撑板；所述支撑板与侧板中的两两之间均形成用于放置电池的电池腔；构成电池腔的两个侧壁中至少一个侧壁为冷却板。
进一步方案，所述冷却板的两端分别设有转接头，通过转接头与外部液冷管连通。
更进一步方案，所述冷却板的端部开设有贯通的流道，所述流道沿冷却板的长度方向布置有至少一个；所述转接头密封固定在冷却板的端部并与所述流道连通。
优选地，所述转接头的外端面开设有与所述外部液冷管连通的管口、内端面开设 有与所述流道连接的水口。
优选地，所述水口的数量与所述流道的数量相一致。
根据本发明创造的具体方案，所述流道贯通冷却板的长度方向设置，即使得外部液冷管中的冷却液通过一端的转接头进入冷却板中的流道中，然后从冷却板另一端的转接头流出，实现冷却液的循环，并带走热量。
进一步方案，所述侧板、支撑板是与底板一体成型的，或者所述侧板、支撑板通过焊接或粘接固定在底板上。
根据本发明创造的具体方案，所述侧板、支撑板平行设置，垂直固定于底板的上表面上。即，相邻的两个立板之间(侧板与支撑板之间，或相邻的支撑板与支撑板之间)均形成用于放置电池的电池腔；相邻的两个立板构成电池腔的两个侧壁，电池腔的两个侧壁中至少一个侧壁为冷却板或两个侧壁均为冷却板。
进一步方案，所述液冷箱体还包含上盖，上盖与所述下箱体的上边缘配合，并通过焊接、螺纹连接或结构胶粘接进行连接固定。
本发明创造的液冷箱体在下箱体的中间设置支撑板，形成用于放置电池的分隔式的电池腔，而其中构成电池腔的两个侧壁中至少一个侧壁为冷却板，即每个电池腔要保证有一侧为冷却板，能将电池产生的热量及时的带走；由于冷却板内部开设有两端贯通的流道，其与电池相接触的表面积大，并保证冷却液的循环，从而导热、散热的效果优越。并且还能隔开相邻电池之间的热失控，提高电池模组的安全性。
所以本发明创造将冷却板设计在电池模组的中间，从而在电池温度最高的区域进行导热，散热效率高；另外，冷却板在电池模组内部，散热同时加强了模组结构强度，提高结构可靠性。
液冷箱体集成液冷功能，简化了Pack设计，提高了系统集成效率；在电池模组内部的液冷板隔离了电池，在极端情况下，如电池发生热失控，因液冷板把电池分为多个腔体，有利于降低热失控风险，提高模组安全性。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的液冷箱体的结构示意图。
图2为图1的液冷箱体的端部结构示意图。
图3为实施例2的液冷箱体的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明创造实施例中的附图，对本发明创造实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明创造一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明创造中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明创造保护的范围。
实施例1：
如图1-图2所示，一种锂电池模组的液冷箱体，包括下箱体，所述下箱体包括底板1、位于底板1两侧的侧板2，所述底板1的顶端固设有一个支撑板3；所述支撑板3与侧板2中的两两之间均形成用于放置电池的电池腔；构成电池腔的两个侧壁中至少一个侧壁为冷却板。可以仅将支撑板3设置为冷却板，也可将两侧板2和支撑板3均设置为冷却板(如图1)，这样对电池的散热效果更佳。
进一步方案，所述冷却板的两端分别通过转接头4与外部液冷管连通。在所述冷却板的端部开设有贯通的流道5，所述流道5沿冷却板的长度方向布置有两个(如图2)；所述转接头4密封固定在冷却板的端部并与所述流道5连通。
优选地，所述转接头4的外端面开设有与所述外部液冷管连通的管口、内端面开设有与所述流道5连接的水口，所述水口的数量与所述流道5的数量相一致。
即外部液冷管中的冷却液通过一端的转接头进入冷却板中的流道中，然后从冷却板另一端的转接头流出，实现冷却液的循环，并带走热量。
其中侧板2、支撑板3均是垂直固定在底板1上的，所述侧板2、支撑板3是与底板1一体成型的，或者所述侧板2、支撑板3通过焊接或粘接固定在底板1上。
进一步方案，所述液冷箱体还包含上盖(图中末画出)，上盖与所述下箱体的上边缘配合，并通过焊接、螺纹连接或结构胶粘接进行连接固定。
实施例2：
如图3所示，一种锂电池模组的液冷箱体，包括下箱体，所述下箱体包括底板1、位于底板1两侧的侧板2，所述底板1的顶端固设有三个支撑板3；所述支撑板3与侧板2中的两两之间均形成用于放置电池的电池腔；构成电池腔的两个侧壁中一个侧壁为冷却板，即将第一、第三个支撑板设置为冷却板。
其他结构同实施例1。
支撑板设在电池模组的内部，能加强模组结构的强度，提高其结构的可靠性。
所以，本发明创造的液冷箱体在下箱体的中间设置支撑板，形成用于放置电池的分隔式的电池腔，而其中构成电池腔的两个侧壁中至少一个侧壁为冷却板，即每个电 池腔要保证有一侧为冷却板，能将电池产生的热量及时地带走；由于冷却板内部开设有两端贯通的流道，其与电池相接触的表面积大，并保证冷却液的循环，从而导热、散热的效果优越。并且还能隔开相邻电池之间的热失控，提高电池模组的安全性。
虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
故以上所述仅为本发明创造的较佳实施例，并非用来限定本发明创造的实施范围；即凡依本发明创造所做的各种等同变换，均为本发明创造的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种锂电池模组的液冷箱体，包括下箱体，其特征在于，所述下箱体包括底板(1)、位于底板(1)两侧的侧板(2)，所述底板(1)的顶端固设有至少一个支撑板(3)；所述支撑板(3)与侧板(2)中的两两之间均形成用于放置电池的电池腔；构成电池腔的两个侧壁中至少一个侧壁为冷却板。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液冷箱体，其特征在于，所述冷却板的两端分别设有转接头(4)，通过转接头(4)可与外部液冷管连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的液冷箱体，其特征在于，所述冷却板的端部开设有贯通的流道(5)，所述流道(5)沿冷却板的长度方向布置有至少一个；所述转接头(4)密封固定在冷却板的端部并与所述流道(5)连通。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的液冷箱体，其特征在于，所述转接头(4)的外端面开设有与所述外部液冷管连通的管口，内端面开设有与所述流道(5)连接的水口。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的液冷箱体，其特征在于，所述转接头(4)的水口的数量与所述流道(5)的数量相一致。
  6. 根据权利要求3或4或5所述的液冷箱体，其特征在于，所述流道(5)贯通冷却板的长度方向设置，使得外部液冷管中的冷却液可通过冷却板一端的转接头(4)进入冷却板中的流道(5)中，然后从冷却板另一端的转接头(4)流出。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的液冷箱体，其特征在于，所述侧板(2)、支撑板(3)是与底板(1)一体成型的，或者所述侧板(2)、支撑板(3)通过焊接或粘接固定在底板(1)上。
  8. 根据权利要求1或7所述的液冷箱体，其特征在于，所述侧板(2)、支撑板(3)平行设置，垂直固定于底板(1)的上表面上。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的液冷箱体，其特征在于，所述液冷箱体还包含上盖，上盖与所述下箱体的上边缘配合，并通过焊接、螺纹连接或结构胶粘接进行连接固定。
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