WO2021135083A1 - 一种仿棉聚酯纤维及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种仿棉聚酯纤维及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021135083A1
WO2021135083A1 PCT/CN2020/095713 CN2020095713W WO2021135083A1 WO 2021135083 A1 WO2021135083 A1 WO 2021135083A1 CN 2020095713 W CN2020095713 W CN 2020095713W WO 2021135083 A1 WO2021135083 A1 WO 2021135083A1
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cotton
polyester fiber
fdy
poy
spinneret
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PCT/CN2020/095713
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English (en)
French (fr)
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范红卫
王山水
王丽丽
汤方明
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江苏恒力化纤股份有限公司
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Priority to KR1020217039347A priority Critical patent/KR102503290B1/ko
Priority to JP2022539758A priority patent/JP7250220B2/ja
Publication of WO2021135083A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021135083A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/02—Heat treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/082—Melt spinning methods of mixed yarn
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D01D5/092—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes in shafts or chimneys
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
    • D01D5/23—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool by asymmetrical cooling of filaments, threads, or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of polyester fibers, and relates to a cotton-like polyester fiber and a preparation method thereof.
  • PET fiber or polyester fiber Since its inception, polyethylene terephthalate (PET fiber or polyester fiber) fiber has high breaking strength and elastic modulus, moderate resilience, excellent heat setting, good heat and light resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and corrosion resistance. It has a series of excellent properties such as durability, and the fabric has the advantages of anti-wrinkle, no ironing, good crispness, etc., and is widely used in clothing, home textiles and other fields.
  • PET fiber or polyester fiber Since its inception, polyethylene terephthalate (PET fiber or polyester fiber) fiber has high breaking strength and elastic modulus, moderate resilience, excellent heat setting, good heat and light resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and corrosion resistance. It has a series of excellent properties such as durability, and the fabric has the advantages of anti-wrinkle, no ironing, good crispness, etc., and is widely used in clothing, home textiles and other fields.
  • Cotton-like different-shrinkage composite yarns are filaments with different potential shrinkage properties, namely high-shrinkage yarn POY and low-shrinkage yarn FDY through blending processing.
  • the main characteristics of PET hetero-shrinkage mixed fiber composite yarn high bulk Sex and soft feel.
  • the appearance of PET cotton-like different shrinkage composite yarn is similar to ordinary filament. Due to the difference in shrinkage of the two components, after heat treatment, the high-shrinkage part forms a core wire with a clear outline, which becomes the skeleton of the wire, while the low-shrinkage part forms a small wire loop around the core wire, and its appearance resembles a deformed wire.
  • the soft luster of the composite yarn is due to the bulkiness of the PET cotton-like composite yarn with different shrinkage and the many loops on the surface, which eliminates the aurora defect of the chemical fiber yarn fabric.
  • the excellent warmth retention of the composite yarn is due to the high bulkiness, which increases the space between the fibers, resulting in an increase in the air content in the PET hetero-shrinkage mixed fiber composite yarn fabric.
  • the invention provides a cotton-like polyester fiber and a preparation method thereof, and aims to further improve the cotton-like effect of the polyester fiber in terms of hand feeling and gloss.
  • a preparation method of cotton-imitation polyester fiber the PET is spun according to the POY process and the FDY process, and then twisted and filamented, and then subjected to network compounding, winding forming and relaxation heat treatment to obtain cotton-imitation polyester fiber;
  • the spinneret holes on the spinneret corresponding to the POY process are circular; the spinneret holes on the spinneret corresponding to the FDY process are trilobal; the FDY process adopts ring blowing cooling;
  • the three leaves of all three-lobed spinnerets are T-shaped, composed of two horizontal leaves and one vertical leaf.
  • the angle between the center line of the vertical leaf and the center line of the two horizontal leaves is 90°, and the length of the vertical leaf and the two horizontal leaves
  • the ratio is 1:1.5 ⁇ 2:1.5 ⁇ 2
  • the width of the three leaves is the same, and the ratio of the length to the width of the vertical leaf is 2.5 ⁇ 3.5:1;
  • the intrinsic viscosity of PET is 0.60-0.65 dL/g.
  • the above-mentioned preparation method of cotton-like polyester fiber the parameters of FDY process are: spinning temperature 280 ⁇ 285°C, cooling temperature 20 ⁇ 25°C, cooling wind speed 1.8 ⁇ 2.3m/s, network pressure 3.5 ⁇ 4.5 bar, one roll speed 2500 ⁇ 3000m/min, one roll temperature 85 ⁇ 95°C, two roll speed 3600 ⁇ 3800m/min, two roll temperature 150 ⁇ 170°C, godet speed 3600 ⁇ 3800m/min, winding speed 3530 ⁇ 3710m/min;
  • the parameters of POY process are: cooling wind speed 0.3 ⁇ 0.5m/s.
  • the mass ratio of the POY yarn obtained by the POY process to the FDY yarn obtained by the FDY process is 30:70-50:50.
  • the temperature of the relaxation heat treatment is 90-120°C and the time is 20-30 minutes.
  • the cotton-like polyester fiber prepared by the method for preparing cotton-like polyester fiber as described in any one of the above has a three-dimensional crimped form, and is composed of a plurality of PET FDY monofilaments with a trilobal cross section and a plurality of It is composed of PET POY monofilament with a circular cross-section.
  • the crimp shrinkage rate of the cotton-like polyester fiber is 20-25%, the crimp stability is 73-75%, the shrinkage elongation is 50-53%, and the crimp elastic recovery rate is 78 to 82%.
  • the cotton-like polyester fiber mentioned above has a breaking strength of 2.3-2.5 cN/dtex, a breaking elongation of 20-30%, a boiling water shrinkage rate of 3.0-4.0%, and a monofilament fineness of 1.5 ⁇ 1.7dtex.
  • the cotton-like polyester fiber in the present invention is made by spinning the POY process and the FDY process and then combining the strands and filaments.
  • the POY process uses a spinneret with a circular spinneret hole
  • the FDY uses a trilobal spinneret.
  • the spinneret with holes (three-lobed T-shaped), the three-lobed spinneret holes are distributed in concentric circles, and the center line of the vertical leaves of each three-lobed spinneret passes through the center of the circle and points away from the center of the circle.
  • the cooling blower is facing the vertical blades in the three-lobed shape, and is the first to face the wind; therefore, the cooling speed of the blades is greater, which makes the cooling speed of the melt in the cross section after the fiber is ejected is inconsistent, which is mainly reflected in: FDY
  • the cooling wind speed is very high, the wind speed is between 1.8 ⁇ 2.3m/s, the part close to the air outlet is cooled earlier and faster, and the part far away from the air outlet is cooled more slowly.
  • the vertical blade in the trilobal spinneret is facing the cooling wind, the melt of the blade cools quickly, while the other blades cool slowly.
  • the slow-cooling melt is easier to be stretched and become thinner, and its stress is more concentrated.
  • the POY process fiber and its strands, after the relaxation heat treatment, the cotton-like polyester fiber crimps, this crimping has two forms: one is because the cross-sectional stress and thickness of the FDY yarn are asymmetrical, and appear The three-dimensional self-crimped form, the other is because the thermal shrinkage rate of POY and FDY filaments are different, and the shrinkage rate of POY filaments is greater, which makes the FDY filaments protrude and form a crimped loop.
  • the surface loops of the cotton-like polyester fiber in the present invention are formed by yarns with a trilobal cross-section and a three-dimensional self-crimping shape.
  • the prior art is formed by conventional FDY filaments (non-self-crimped form). The two are completely different in gloss and feel, which is embodied in: the elastic modulus of the loop formed by three-dimensional self-crimped filaments Smaller, less external force required for deformation, and softer hand feeling; while the crimped shape and cross-section of the self-crimped fiber are trilobal, which eliminates the original auroral defect of polyester fiber from two aspects. Therefore, the imitation of the present invention Cotton polyester fiber has a better effect of imitating cotton.
  • the cotton-like polyester fiber of the present invention and its preparation method adopts FDY process and POY process, and the shape of the spinneret hole is set in the FDY process to be trilobal (three leaves are T-shaped) for spinning, So that the loops on the surface of the prepared polyester imitation cotton fiber are formed into three-dimensional self-crimped fibers;
  • the cotton-like polyester fiber of the present invention has a three-dimensional self-crimping shape and a trilobal cross-section as the surface loop of the FDY yarn, and its bulkiness, feel and gloss are compared with those of the prior art Closer to cotton fiber, the effect of imitating cotton is better.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the trilobal spinneret of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the trilobal spinneret distribution of the present invention on the spinneret.
  • the shape of the trilobal spinneret of the present invention and the schematic diagram of the distribution of the trilobal spinneret on the spinneret are shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the three leaves of all trilobal spinnerets are T-shaped. Two horizontal leaves and one vertical leaf, the angle between the center line of the vertical leaf and the center line of the two horizontal leaves is 90°, the length ratio of the vertical leaf to the two horizontal leaves is 1:1.5 ⁇ 2:1.5 ⁇ 2, three leaves
  • the width is the same and the ratio of the length to the width of the vertical leaf is 2.5 ⁇ 3.5:1; all the trilobal spinneret holes are distributed in concentric circles, and the center line of the vertical leaf of each trilobal spinneret hole passes through the center of the circle and points away from the center of the circle. .
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are for illustration only, and not as a limitation to the present invention.
  • a preparation method of cotton-like polyester fiber is as follows:
  • PET intrinsic viscosity of 0.6dL/g
  • POY the spinneret hole on the spinneret is round
  • FDY the spinneret is trilobal
  • all the three leaves of the three-lobe spinneret are T-shaped, consisting of two horizontal leaves and one vertical leaf, the angle between the center line of the vertical leaf and the center line of the two horizontal leaves is 90 °, the vertical leaf and the two horizontal
  • the ratio of the length of the leaves is 1:1.5:1.6
  • the width of the three leaves is the same and the ratio of the length to the width of the vertical leaves is 2.7:1
  • all the trilobal spinnerets are distributed in concentric circles (the number of spinnerets is 24, and Distributed equidistantly on a circle of the spinneret), the center line of the vertical leaf of each trilobal spinneret passes through the center of the circle, and points away from the center of the circle;
  • the parameters of the POY process are: cooling wind speed 0.4m/s;
  • FDY process adopts ring blowing cooling, and the parameters of FDY process are: spinning temperature 280°C, cooling temperature 20°C, cooling wind speed 2m/s, network pressure 3.5bar, one roll speed 3000m/min, one roll temperature 85°C, two Roll speed 3640m/min, two roll temperature 156°C, godet speed 3640m/min, winding speed 3570m/min;
  • the cotton-like polyester fiber is prepared by network compounding, winding forming, and relaxation heat treatment at a temperature of 92°C and a time of 29 minutes;
  • the prepared cotton-like polyester fiber has a three-dimensional crimp shape, and is composed of a plurality of PET FDY monofilaments with a trilobal cross section and a plurality of PET POY monofilaments with a circular cross section;
  • the crimp shrinkage rate is 24%, the crimp stability is 73%, the shrinkage elongation rate is 52%, and the crimp elastic recovery rate is 82%;
  • the breaking strength of the cotton-like polyester fiber is 2.3cN/dtex, and the breaking elongation rate is 2.3cN/dtex. It is 30%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 3%, and the single filament fineness is 1.5 dtex.
  • a preparation method of cotton-like polyester fiber is as follows:
  • PET intrinsic viscosity of 0.65dL/g
  • POY the spinneret hole is circular
  • FDY process the spinneret hole is trilobal
  • all the three leaves of the three-lobe spinneret are T-shaped, consisting of two horizontal leaves and one vertical leaf, the angle between the center line of the vertical leaf and the center line of the two horizontal leaves is 90 °, the vertical leaf and the two horizontal
  • the ratio of the length of the leaves is 1:1.5:1.5
  • the width of the three leaves is the same and the ratio of the length to the width of the vertical leaves is 3.5:1
  • all the trilobal spinnerets are distributed in concentric circles (the number of spinnerets is 36, and Distributed equidistantly on a circle of the spinneret), the center line of the vertical leaf of each trilobal spinneret passes through the center of the circle, and points away from the center of the circle;
  • the parameters of the POY process are: cooling wind speed 0.5m/s;
  • FDY process adopts ring blowing cooling, and the parameters of FDY process are: spinning temperature 285°C, cooling temperature 25°C, cooling wind speed 2.3m/s, network pressure 4.5bar, one roll speed 3000m/min, one roll temperature 95°C, The two-roller speed is 3800m/min, the second-roller temperature is 170°C, the godet speed is 3800m/min, and the winding speed is 3710m/min;
  • the cotton-like polyester fiber is prepared by network compounding, winding molding, and relaxation heat treatment at a temperature of 120°C and a time of 20 minutes;
  • the prepared cotton-like polyester fiber has a three-dimensional crimp shape, and is composed of a plurality of PET FDY monofilaments with a trilobal cross section and a plurality of PET POY monofilaments with a circular cross section;
  • the crimp shrinkage rate is 25%, the crimp stability is 75%, the shrinkage elongation rate is 53%, and the crimp elastic recovery rate is 82%;
  • the breaking strength of the cotton-like polyester fiber is 2.3cN/dtex, and the breaking elongation rate is 2.3cN/dtex. It was 29%, the boiling water shrinkage was 4%, and the single filament fineness was 1.7 dtex.
  • a preparation method of cotton-like polyester fiber is as follows:
  • PET intrinsic viscosity of 0.61dL/g
  • POY the spinneret hole on the spinneret is circular
  • FDY the spinneret hole is trilobal
  • all the three leaves of the three-lobe spinneret are T-shaped, consisting of two horizontal leaves and one vertical leaf, the angle between the center line of the vertical leaf and the center line of the two horizontal leaves is 90 °, the vertical leaf and the two horizontal
  • the ratio of the length of the leaves is 1:2:2
  • the width of the three leaves is the same and the ratio of the length to the width of the vertical leaves is 2.5:1
  • all the three-lobed spinnerets are distributed in concentric circles (the number of spinnerets is 24, and Distributed equidistantly on a circle of the spinneret), the center line of the vertical leaf of each trilobal spinneret passes through the center of the circle, and points away from the center of the circle;
  • the parameters of the POY process are: cooling wind speed 0.3m/s;
  • FDY process adopts ring blowing cooling, and the parameters of FDY process are: spinning temperature 282°C, cooling temperature 21°C, cooling wind speed 2.3m/s, network pressure 4bar, one roll speed 2820m/min, one roll temperature 91°C, two Roll speed 3680m/min, two roll temperature 159°C, godet speed 3680m/min, winding speed 3610m/min;
  • the cotton-like polyester fiber is obtained by network compounding, winding forming, and relaxation heat treatment at a temperature of 104°C and a time of 28 minutes;
  • the prepared cotton-like polyester fiber has a three-dimensional crimp shape, and is composed of a plurality of PET FDY monofilaments with a trilobal cross section and a plurality of PET POY monofilaments with a circular cross section;
  • the crimp shrinkage rate is 20%, the crimp stability is 74%, the shrinkage elongation rate is 51%, and the crimp elastic recovery rate is 80%;
  • the breaking strength of the cotton-like polyester fiber is 2.4cN/dtex, and the breaking elongation rate is 2.4cN/dtex. It is 28%, the boiling water shrinkage is 3%, and the single filament fineness is 1.7 dtex.
  • a preparation method of cotton-like polyester fiber is as follows:
  • PET intrinsic viscosity 0.62dL/g
  • POY the spinneret hole on the spinneret is round
  • FDY the spinneret hole is trilobal
  • all the three leaves of the three-lobe spinneret are T-shaped, consisting of two horizontal leaves and one vertical leaf, the angle between the center line of the vertical leaf and the center line of the two horizontal leaves is 90 °, the vertical leaf and the two horizontal
  • the ratio of the length of the leaves is 1:1.5:2, the width of the three leaves is the same and the ratio of the length to the width of the vertical leaves is 3.1:1;
  • all the trilobal spinnerets are distributed in concentric circles (the number of spinnerets is 30, and Distributed equidistantly on a circle of the spinneret), the center line of the vertical leaf of each trilobal spinneret passes through the center of the circle, and points away from the center of the circle;
  • the parameters of the POY process are: cooling wind speed 0.4m/s;
  • FDY process adopts ring blowing cooling, and the parameters of FDY process are: spinning temperature 282°C, cooling temperature 23°C, cooling wind speed 2.1m/s, network pressure 3.8bar, one roll speed 2710m/min, one roll temperature 88°C, The two-roller speed is 3610m/min, the two-roller temperature is 167°C, the godet speed is 3610m/min, and the winding speed is 3540m/min;
  • the cotton-like polyester fiber is obtained by network compounding, winding forming, and relaxation heat treatment at a temperature of 110°C and a time of 28 minutes;
  • the prepared cotton-like polyester fiber has a three-dimensional crimp shape, and is composed of a plurality of PET FDY monofilaments with a trilobal cross section and a plurality of PET POY monofilaments with a circular cross section;
  • the crimp shrinkage rate is 25%, the crimp stability is 74%, the shrinkage elongation rate is 52%, and the crimp elastic recovery rate is 82%;
  • the breaking strength of the cotton-like polyester fiber is 2.5cN/dtex, and the breaking elongation rate is 2.5cN/dtex. It is 26%, the boiling water shrinkage is 3%, and the single filament fineness is 1.7 dtex.
  • a preparation method of cotton-like polyester fiber is as follows:
  • PET intrinsic viscosity of 0.65dL/g
  • POY the spinneret hole is circular
  • FDY process the spinneret hole is trilobal
  • all the three leaves of the three-lobe spinneret are T-shaped, consisting of two horizontal leaves and one vertical leaf, the angle between the center line of the vertical leaf and the center line of the two horizontal leaves is 90 °, the vertical leaf and the two horizontal
  • the ratio of the length of the leaves is 1:2:1.5
  • the width of the three leaves is the same and the ratio of the length to the width of the vertical leaves is 3.1:1
  • all the trilobal spinnerets are distributed in concentric circles (the number of spinnerets is 42, and Distributed equidistantly on a circle of the spinneret), the center line of the vertical leaf of each trilobal spinneret passes through the center of the circle, and points away from the center of the circle;
  • the parameters of the POY process are: cooling wind speed 0.5m/s;
  • FDY process adopts ring blowing cooling, and the parameters of FDY process are: spinning temperature 283°C, cooling temperature 24°C, cooling wind speed 2.2m/s, network pressure 4.4bar, one roll speed 2810m/min, one roll temperature 95°C, The two-roller speed is 3750m/min, the two-roller temperature is 164°C, the godet speed is 3750m/min, and the winding speed is 3680m/min;
  • the cotton-like polyester fiber is prepared by network compounding, winding forming, and relaxation heat treatment at a temperature of 112°C and a time of 24 minutes;
  • the prepared cotton-like polyester fiber has a three-dimensional crimp shape, and is composed of a plurality of PET FDY monofilaments with a trilobal cross section and a plurality of PET POY monofilaments with a circular cross section;
  • the crimp shrinkage rate is 23%, the crimp stability is 74%, the shrinkage elongation rate is 50%, and the crimp elastic recovery rate is 81%;
  • the breaking strength of the cotton-like polyester fiber is 2.5cN/dtex, and the breaking elongation rate is 2.5cN/dtex. It is 22%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 3%, and the monofilament fineness is 1.6 dtex.
  • a preparation method of cotton-like polyester fiber is as follows:
  • PET intrinsic viscosity 0.63dL/g
  • POY the spinneret hole is circular
  • FDY the spinneret hole is trilobal
  • all the three leaves of the three-lobe spinneret are T-shaped, consisting of two horizontal leaves and one vertical leaf, the angle between the center line of the vertical leaf and the center line of the two horizontal leaves is 90 °, the vertical leaf and the two horizontal
  • the ratio of the length of the leaves is 1:1.7:1.7
  • the width of the three leaves is the same and the ratio of the length to the width of the vertical leaves is 2.5:1
  • all the three-lobed spinnerets are distributed in concentric circles (the number of spinnerets is 48, and Distributed equidistantly on a circle of the spinneret), the center line of the vertical leaf of each trilobal spinneret passes through the center of the circle, and points away from the center of the circle;
  • the parameters of the POY process are: cooling wind speed 0.4m/s;
  • FDY process adopts ring blowing cooling, and the parameters of FDY process are: spinning temperature 283°C, cooling temperature 23°C, cooling wind speed 2m/s, network pressure 3.9bar, one roll speed 2670m/min, one roll temperature 93°C, two Roll speed 3700m/min, two roll temperature 164°C, godet speed 3700m/min, winding speed 3630m/min;
  • the cotton-like polyester fiber is obtained by network compounding, winding molding, and relaxation heat treatment at a temperature of 114°C and a time of 23 minutes;
  • the prepared cotton-like polyester fiber has a three-dimensional crimp shape, and is composed of a plurality of PET FDY monofilaments with a trilobal cross section and a plurality of PET POY monofilaments with a circular cross section;
  • the crimp shrinkage rate is 23%, the crimp stability is 74%, the shrinkage elongation rate is 51%, and the crimp elastic recovery rate is 81%;
  • the breaking strength of the cotton-like polyester fiber is 2.5cN/dtex, and the breaking elongation rate is 2.5cN/dtex. It is 21%, the boiling water shrinkage is 3%, and the single filament fineness is 1.6 dtex.
  • a preparation method of cotton-like polyester fiber is as follows:
  • PET Intrinsic viscosity of 0.6dL/g
  • POY the spinneret hole on the spinneret is round
  • FDY the spinneret is trilobal
  • all the three leaves of the three-lobe spinneret are T-shaped, consisting of two horizontal leaves and one vertical leaf, the angle between the center line of the vertical leaf and the center line of the two horizontal leaves is 90 °, the vertical leaf and the two horizontal
  • the ratio of the length of the leaves is 1:1.8:2, the width of the three leaves is the same, and the ratio of the length to the width of the vertical leaves is 2.5:1;
  • all the three-lobed spinnerets are distributed in concentric circles (the number of spinnerets is 36, and Distributed equidistantly on a circle of the spinneret), the center line of the vertical leaf of each trilobal spinneret passes through the center of the circle, and points away from the center of the circle;
  • the parameters of the POY process are: cooling wind speed 0.3m/s;
  • FDY process adopts ring blowing cooling, and the parameters of FDY process are: spinning temperature 280°C, cooling temperature 20°C, cooling wind speed 1.8m/s, network pressure 3.5bar, one roll speed 2500m/min, one roll temperature 85°C, The speed of the two rolls is 3600m/min, the temperature of the two rolls is 150°C, the speed of the godet is 3600m/min, and the winding speed is 3530m/min;
  • the cotton-like polyester fiber is obtained by network compounding, winding forming, and relaxation heat treatment at a temperature of 90°C and a time of 30 minutes;
  • the prepared cotton-like polyester fiber has a three-dimensional crimp shape, and is composed of a plurality of PET FDY monofilaments with a trilobal cross section and a plurality of PET POY monofilaments with a circular cross section;
  • the crimp shrinkage rate is 20%, the crimp stability is 73%, the shrinkage elongation rate is 50%, and the crimp elastic recovery rate is 78%;
  • the breaking strength of the cotton-like polyester fiber is 2.5cN/dtex, and the breaking elongation rate is 2.5cN/dtex. It is 20%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 3%, and the monofilament fineness is 1.5 dtex.
  • a preparation method of cotton-like polyester fiber is as follows:
  • PET intrinsic viscosity 0.62dL/g
  • POY the spinneret hole on the spinneret is round
  • FDY the spinneret hole is trilobal
  • all the three leaves of the three-lobe spinneret are T-shaped, consisting of two horizontal leaves and one vertical leaf, the angle between the center line of the vertical leaf and the center line of the two horizontal leaves is 90 °, the vertical leaf and the two horizontal
  • the ratio of the length of the leaves is 1:1.5:1.8, the width of the three leaves is the same and the ratio of the length to the width of the vertical leaves is 2.9:1;
  • all the trilobal spinnerets are distributed in concentric circles (the number of spinnerets is 42, and Distributed equidistantly on a circle of the spinneret), the center line of the vertical leaf of each trilobal spinneret passes through the center of the circle, and points away from the center of the circle;
  • the parameters of the POY process are: cooling wind speed 0.3m/s;
  • FDY process adopts ring blowing cooling, and the parameters of FDY process are: spinning temperature 282°C, cooling temperature 22°C, cooling wind speed 2m/s, network pressure 4.5bar, one roll speed 2580m/min, one roll temperature 86°C, two Roll speed 3780m/min, two roll temperature 151°C, godet speed 3780m/min, winding speed 3710m/min;
  • the cotton-like polyester fiber is prepared by network compounding, winding forming, and relaxation heat treatment at a temperature of 115°C and a time of 22 minutes;
  • the prepared cotton-like polyester fiber has a three-dimensional crimp shape, and is composed of a plurality of PET FDY monofilaments with a trilobal cross section and a plurality of PET POY monofilaments with a circular cross section;
  • the crimp shrinkage rate is 20%, the crimp stability is 75%, the shrinkage elongation rate is 50%, and the crimp elastic recovery rate is 80%;
  • the breaking strength of the cotton-like polyester fiber is 2.5cN/dtex, and the breaking elongation rate is 2.5cN/dtex. It is 20%, the boiling water shrinkage rate is 4%, and the monofilament fineness is 1.5 dtex.

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Abstract

一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，将PET分别按POY工艺和FDY工艺纺丝后合股并丝，再经网络复合、卷绕成型和松弛热处理制得仿棉聚酯纤维；POY工艺中喷丝板上的喷丝孔为圆形，FDY工艺中喷丝板上的喷丝孔为三叶形，采用环吹风冷却；所有三叶形喷丝孔的三叶呈T型；制得的仿棉聚酯纤维具有三维卷曲形态，且由多根横截面呈三叶形的PET的FDY单丝和多根横截面呈圆形的PET的POY单丝组成；其卷曲收缩率为20～25％，卷曲稳定度为73～75％，紧缩伸长率为50～53％，卷缩弹性回复率为78～82％；断裂强度为2.3～2.5cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为20～30％，沸水收缩率为3.0～4.0％。

Description

一种仿棉聚酯纤维及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于聚酯纤维技术领域，涉及一种仿棉聚酯纤维及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET纤维或聚酯纤维)纤维自问世以来，具有断裂强度和弹性模量高，回弹性适中，热定型优异，耐热耐光性好以及耐酸耐碱耐腐蚀性等一系列优良性能，且织物具有抗皱免烫，挺括性好等优点，广泛应用于服装、家纺等领域。
仿棉型异收缩复合丝是具有不同潜在收缩性能的长丝，即高收缩丝POY与低收缩丝FDY经混纤加工组成的复合丝，PET异收缩混纤复合丝的主要特点：高膨松性和柔软的手感。PET仿棉型异收缩复合丝的外现和普通长丝相似。由于两组分收缩率的差异，经热处理后，高收缩部分形成轮廓清晰的芯丝，成为丝的骨架，而低收缩部分形成细小丝圈绕在芯丝周围，其外观酷似变形丝。该复合丝的光泽柔和，是由于PET仿棉型异收缩复合丝的膨松以及表面的许多丝圈，消除了化纤丝织物的极光缺陷。且该复合丝的优异的保暖性是由于高膨松性，增大纤维之间的空隙，造成PET异收缩混纤复合丝织物中的空气含量增多。
因此，在现有技术的基础上，研究一种仿棉效果更好的聚酯纤维具有十分重要的的意义。
发明内容
本发明提供一种仿棉聚酯纤维及其制备方法，目的是进一步从手感和光泽上提高聚酯纤维的仿棉效果。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，将PET分别按POY工艺和FDY工艺纺丝后合股并丝，再经网络复合、卷绕成型和松弛热处理制得仿棉聚酯纤维；
POY工艺对应的喷丝板上的喷丝孔为圆形；FDY工艺对应的喷丝板上的喷丝孔为三叶形；FDY工艺采用环吹风冷却；
所有三叶形喷丝孔的三叶呈T型，由两横叶和一竖叶组成，竖叶中心线与两横叶中心线的夹角均为90°，竖叶与两横叶的长度之比为1:1.5～2:1.5～2，三叶宽度相同且竖叶长度与宽度之比为2.5～3.5:1；
所有的三叶形喷丝孔呈同心圆分布，各三叶形喷丝孔的竖叶的中心线通过圆心，且指向背离圆心。
作为优选的技术方案：
如上所述的一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，PET的特性粘度为0.60～0.65dL/g。
如上所述的一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，FDY工艺的参数为：纺丝温度280～285℃，冷却温度 20～25℃，冷却风速1.8～2.3m/s，网络压力3.5～4.5bar，一辊速度2500～3000m/min，一辊温度85～95℃，二辊速度3600～3800m/min，二辊温度150～170℃，导丝盘速度3600～3800m/min，卷绕速度3530～3710m/min；POY工艺的参数为：冷却风速0.3～0.5m/s。
如上所述的一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，按POY工艺制得的POY丝与按FDY工艺制得的FDY丝的质量比为30:70～50:50。
如上所述的一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，松弛热处理的温度为90～120℃，时间为20～30min。
采用如上任一项所述的一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法制得的仿棉聚酯纤维，具有三维卷曲形态，且由多根横截面呈三叶形的PET FDY单丝和多根横截面呈圆形的PET POY单丝组成。
如上所述的仿棉聚酯纤维，仿棉聚酯纤维的卷曲收缩率为20～25％，卷曲稳定度为73～75％，紧缩伸长率为50～53％，卷缩弹性回复率为78～82％。
如上所述的仿棉聚酯纤维，仿棉聚酯纤维的断裂强度为2.3～2.5cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为20～30％，沸水收缩率为3.0～4.0％，单丝纤度为1.5～1.7dtex。
本发明的原理如下：
本发明中的仿棉聚酯纤维是按POY工艺和FDY工艺纺丝后合股并丝制得，POY工艺采用的是圆形喷丝孔的喷丝板，而FDY采用的是三叶形喷丝孔(三叶呈T型)的喷丝板，三叶形喷丝孔呈同心圆分布，各三叶形喷丝孔的竖叶的中心线通过圆心，且指向背离圆心，同时采用环吹风冷却；其中，冷却吹风正对三叶形中的竖叶，最先迎风；故该叶的冷却速度更大，使得纤维自喷出后，横截面上熔体的冷却速度不一致，主要体现在：FDY工艺纺丝时，冷却风速很大，风速介于1.8～2.3m/s，靠近吹风口的部分更早更快冷却，远离吹风口的部分更慢冷却。当三叶形喷丝孔中的竖叶正对着冷却风时，该叶的熔体冷却得快，而另外的叶冷却得慢。在牵伸的张力作用下，冷却的慢的熔体更容易被牵伸而变细，且其应力更集中。同时，POY工艺的纤维与其合股，在经过松弛热处理后，仿棉聚酯纤维发生卷曲，这种卷曲有两种形式：一种是因为FDY丝的横截面应力和粗细均不对称，而呈现出三维自卷曲形态，另一种是因为POY丝和FDY丝的热收缩率不同，POY丝收缩率更大，使得FDY丝凸出，形成卷曲形态的丝圈。
综上所述，相较于现有技术中的POY丝和FDY丝形成的复合丝，本发明中仿棉聚酯纤维的表面丝圈是横截面呈三叶形且三维自卷曲形态的丝形成的，而现有技术是常规的FDY丝(非自卷曲形态)形成的，二者在光泽度和手感是完全不同的，具体体现在：三维自卷曲形态的丝形成的丝圈的弹性模量更小，发生形变需要的外力更小，其手感更柔软；而自卷曲纤维的卷曲形态和横截面呈三叶形从两个方面消除聚酯纤维原有的极光缺陷，因此，本发明的仿棉聚酯纤维的仿棉效果更好。
有益效果：
(1)本发明的一种仿棉聚酯纤维及其制备方法，采用FDY工艺和POY工艺，且在FDY工艺中设 置喷丝孔形状为三叶形(三叶呈T型)进行纺丝，使得制得的聚酯仿棉纤维表面的丝圈为三维自卷曲形态的纤维形成；
(2)本发明的一种仿棉聚酯纤维，因三维自卷曲形态和横截面呈三叶形的FDY丝作为表面的丝圈，其膨松性、手感和光泽度相较于现有技术更接近棉纤维，仿棉效果更好。
附图说明
图1为本发明的三叶形喷丝孔的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的三叶形喷丝孔在喷丝板上分布的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
本发明的三叶形喷丝孔的形状及三叶形喷丝孔在喷丝板上的分布示意图如图1和图2所示，所有三叶形喷丝孔的三叶呈T型，由两横叶和一竖叶组成，竖叶中心线与两横叶中心线的夹角均为90°，竖叶与两横叶的长度之比为1:1.5～2:1.5～2，三叶宽度相同且竖叶长度与宽度之比为2.5～3.5:1；所有的三叶形喷丝孔呈同心圆分布，各三叶形喷丝孔的竖叶的中心线通过圆心，且指向背离圆心。
图1和图2仅为示意，不作为对本发明的限制。
实施例1
一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，其制备过程如下：
(1)将PET(特性粘度为0.6dL/g)分别按POY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为圆形)和FDY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为三叶形)纺丝；其中，所有三叶形喷丝孔的三叶呈T型，由两横叶和一竖叶组成，竖叶中心线与两横叶中心线的夹角均为90°，竖叶与两横叶的长度之比为1:1.5:1.6，三叶宽度相同且竖叶长度与宽度之比为2.7:1；所有的三叶形喷丝孔呈同心圆分布(喷丝孔数量为24，且在喷丝板的一圈上等距分布)，各三叶形喷丝孔的竖叶的中心线通过圆心，且指向背离圆心；
POY工艺的参数为：冷却风速0.4m/s；
FDY工艺采用环吹风冷却，且FDY工艺的参数为：纺丝温度280℃，冷却温度20℃，冷却风速2m/s，网络压力3.5bar，一辊速度3000m/min，一辊温度85℃，二辊速度3640m/min，二辊温度156℃，导丝盘速度3640m/min，卷绕速度3570m/min；
(2)按POY工艺制得的POY丝与按FDY工艺制得的FDY丝的质量比为40:60进行合股并丝；
(3)经网络复合、卷绕成型和温度为92℃，时间为29min的松弛热处理制得仿棉聚酯纤维；
制得的仿棉聚酯纤维具有三维卷曲形态，且由多根横截面呈三叶形的PET FDY单丝和多根横截面呈圆形的PET POY单丝组成；该仿棉聚酯纤维的卷曲收缩率为24％，卷曲稳定度为73％，紧缩伸长率为52％，卷缩弹性回复率为82％；该仿棉聚酯纤维的断裂强度为2.3cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为30％，沸水收缩率为3％，单丝纤度为1.5dtex。
实施例2
一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，其制备过程如下：
(1)将PET(特性粘度为0.65dL/g)分别按POY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为圆形)和FDY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为三叶形)纺丝；其中，所有三叶形喷丝孔的三叶呈T型，由两横叶和一竖叶组成，竖叶中心线与两横叶中心线的夹角均为90°，竖叶与两横叶的长度之比为1:1.5:1.5，三叶宽度相同且竖叶长度与宽度之比为3.5:1；所有的三叶形喷丝孔呈同心圆分布(喷丝孔数量为36，且在喷丝板的一圈上等距分布)，各三叶形喷丝孔的竖叶的中心线通过圆心，且指向背离圆心；
POY工艺的参数为：冷却风速0.5m/s；
FDY工艺采用环吹风冷却，且FDY工艺的参数为：纺丝温度285℃，冷却温度25℃，冷却风速2.3m/s，网络压力4.5bar，一辊速度3000m/min，一辊温度95℃，二辊速度3800m/min，二辊温度170℃，导丝盘速度3800m/min，卷绕速度3710m/min；
(2)按POY工艺制得的POY丝与按FDY工艺制得的FDY丝的质量比为50:50进行合股并丝；
(3)经网络复合、卷绕成型和温度为120℃，时间为20min的松弛热处理制得仿棉聚酯纤维；
制得的仿棉聚酯纤维具有三维卷曲形态，且由多根横截面呈三叶形的PET FDY单丝和多根横截面呈圆形的PET POY单丝组成；该仿棉聚酯纤维的卷曲收缩率为25％，卷曲稳定度为75％，紧缩伸长率为53％，卷缩弹性回复率为82％；该仿棉聚酯纤维的断裂强度为2.3cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为29％，沸水收缩率为4％，单丝纤度为1.7dtex。
实施例3
一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，其制备过程如下：
(1)将PET(特性粘度为0.61dL/g)分别按POY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为圆形)和FDY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为三叶形)纺丝；其中，所有三叶形喷丝孔的三叶呈T型，由两横叶和一竖叶组成，竖叶中心线与两横叶中心线的夹角均为90°，竖叶与两横叶的长度之比为1:2:2，三叶宽度相同且竖叶长度与宽度之比为2.5:1；所有的三叶形喷丝孔呈同心圆分布(喷丝孔数量为24，且在喷丝板的一圈上等距分布)，各三叶形喷丝孔的竖叶的中心线通过圆心，且指向背离圆心；
POY工艺的参数为：冷却风速0.3m/s；
FDY工艺采用环吹风冷却，且FDY工艺的参数为：纺丝温度282℃，冷却温度21℃，冷却风速2.3m/s， 网络压力4bar，一辊速度2820m/min，一辊温度91℃，二辊速度3680m/min，二辊温度159℃，导丝盘速度3680m/min，卷绕速度3610m/min；
(2)按POY工艺制得的POY丝与按FDY工艺制得的FDY丝的质量比为30:70进行合股并丝；
(3)经网络复合、卷绕成型和温度为104℃，时间为28min的松弛热处理制得仿棉聚酯纤维；
制得的仿棉聚酯纤维具有三维卷曲形态，且由多根横截面呈三叶形的PET FDY单丝和多根横截面呈圆形的PET POY单丝组成；该仿棉聚酯纤维的卷曲收缩率为20％，卷曲稳定度为74％，紧缩伸长率为51％，卷缩弹性回复率为80％；该仿棉聚酯纤维的断裂强度为2.4cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为28％，沸水收缩率为3％，单丝纤度为1.7dtex。
实施例4
一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，其制备过程如下：
(1)将PET(特性粘度为0.62dL/g)分别按POY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为圆形)和FDY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为三叶形)纺丝；其中，所有三叶形喷丝孔的三叶呈T型，由两横叶和一竖叶组成，竖叶中心线与两横叶中心线的夹角均为90°，竖叶与两横叶的长度之比为1:1.5:2，三叶宽度相同且竖叶长度与宽度之比为3.1:1；所有的三叶形喷丝孔呈同心圆分布(喷丝孔数量为30，且在喷丝板的一圈上等距分布)，各三叶形喷丝孔的竖叶的中心线通过圆心，且指向背离圆心；
POY工艺的参数为：冷却风速0.4m/s；
FDY工艺采用环吹风冷却，且FDY工艺的参数为：纺丝温度282℃，冷却温度23℃，冷却风速2.1m/s，网络压力3.8bar，一辊速度2710m/min，一辊温度88℃，二辊速度3610m/min，二辊温度167℃，导丝盘速度3610m/min，卷绕速度3540m/min；
(2)按POY工艺制得的POY丝与按FDY工艺制得的FDY丝的质量比为40:60进行合股并丝；
(3)经网络复合、卷绕成型和温度为110℃，时间为28min的松弛热处理制得仿棉聚酯纤维；
制得的仿棉聚酯纤维具有三维卷曲形态，且由多根横截面呈三叶形的PET FDY单丝和多根横截面呈圆形的PET POY单丝组成；该仿棉聚酯纤维的卷曲收缩率为25％，卷曲稳定度为74％，紧缩伸长率为52％，卷缩弹性回复率为82％；该仿棉聚酯纤维的断裂强度为2.5cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为26％，沸水收缩率为3％，单丝纤度为1.7dtex。
实施例5
一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，其制备过程如下：
(1)将PET(特性粘度为0.65dL/g)分别按POY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为圆形)和FDY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为三叶形)纺丝；其中，所有三叶形喷丝孔的三叶呈T型，由两横叶和一竖叶组成，竖叶中心线与两横叶中心线的夹角均为90°，竖叶与两横叶的长度之比为1:2:1.5，三叶宽度相同且竖叶 长度与宽度之比为3.1:1；所有的三叶形喷丝孔呈同心圆分布(喷丝孔数量为42，且在喷丝板的一圈上等距分布)，各三叶形喷丝孔的竖叶的中心线通过圆心，且指向背离圆心；
POY工艺的参数为：冷却风速0.5m/s；
FDY工艺采用环吹风冷却，且FDY工艺的参数为：纺丝温度283℃，冷却温度24℃，冷却风速2.2m/s，网络压力4.4bar，一辊速度2810m/min，一辊温度95℃，二辊速度3750m/min，二辊温度164℃，导丝盘速度3750m/min，卷绕速度3680m/min；
(2)按POY工艺制得的POY丝与按FDY工艺制得的FDY丝的质量比为35:65进行合股并丝；
(3)经网络复合、卷绕成型和温度为112℃，时间为24min的松弛热处理制得仿棉聚酯纤维；
制得的仿棉聚酯纤维具有三维卷曲形态，且由多根横截面呈三叶形的PET FDY单丝和多根横截面呈圆形的PET POY单丝组成；该仿棉聚酯纤维的卷曲收缩率为23％，卷曲稳定度为74％，紧缩伸长率为50％，卷缩弹性回复率为81％；该仿棉聚酯纤维的断裂强度为2.5cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为22％，沸水收缩率为3％，单丝纤度为1.6dtex。
实施例6
一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，其制备过程如下：
(1)将PET(特性粘度为0.63dL/g)分别按POY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为圆形)和FDY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为三叶形)纺丝；其中，所有三叶形喷丝孔的三叶呈T型，由两横叶和一竖叶组成，竖叶中心线与两横叶中心线的夹角均为90°，竖叶与两横叶的长度之比为1:1.7:1.7，三叶宽度相同且竖叶长度与宽度之比为2.5:1；所有的三叶形喷丝孔呈同心圆分布(喷丝孔数量为48，且在喷丝板的一圈上等距分布)，各三叶形喷丝孔的竖叶的中心线通过圆心，且指向背离圆心；
POY工艺的参数为：冷却风速0.4m/s；
FDY工艺采用环吹风冷却，且FDY工艺的参数为：纺丝温度283℃，冷却温度23℃，冷却风速2m/s，网络压力3.9bar，一辊速度2670m/min，一辊温度93℃，二辊速度3700m/min，二辊温度164℃，导丝盘速度3700m/min，卷绕速度3630m/min；
(2)按POY工艺制得的POY丝与按FDY工艺制得的FDY丝的质量比为40:60进行合股并丝；
(3)经网络复合、卷绕成型和温度为114℃，时间为23min的松弛热处理制得仿棉聚酯纤维；
制得的仿棉聚酯纤维具有三维卷曲形态，且由多根横截面呈三叶形的PET FDY单丝和多根横截面呈圆形的PET POY单丝组成；该仿棉聚酯纤维的卷曲收缩率为23％，卷曲稳定度为74％，紧缩伸长率为51％，卷缩弹性回复率为81％；该仿棉聚酯纤维的断裂强度为2.5cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为21％，沸水收缩率为3％，单丝纤度为1.6dtex。
实施例7
一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，其制备过程如下：
(1)将PET(特性粘度为0.6dL/g)分别按POY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为圆形)和FDY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为三叶形)纺丝；其中，所有三叶形喷丝孔的三叶呈T型，由两横叶和一竖叶组成，竖叶中心线与两横叶中心线的夹角均为90°，竖叶与两横叶的长度之比为1:1.8:2，三叶宽度相同且竖叶长度与宽度之比为2.5:1；所有的三叶形喷丝孔呈同心圆分布(喷丝孔数量为36，且在喷丝板的一圈上等距分布)，各三叶形喷丝孔的竖叶的中心线通过圆心，且指向背离圆心；
POY工艺的参数为：冷却风速0.3m/s；
FDY工艺采用环吹风冷却，且FDY工艺的参数为：纺丝温度280℃，冷却温度20℃，冷却风速1.8m/s，网络压力3.5bar，一辊速度2500m/min，一辊温度85℃，二辊速度3600m/min，二辊温度150℃，导丝盘速度3600m/min，卷绕速度3530m/min；
(2)按POY工艺制得的POY丝与按FDY工艺制得的FDY丝的质量比为50:50进行合股并丝；
(3)经网络复合、卷绕成型和温度为90℃，时间为30min的松弛热处理制得仿棉聚酯纤维；
制得的仿棉聚酯纤维具有三维卷曲形态，且由多根横截面呈三叶形的PET FDY单丝和多根横截面呈圆形的PET POY单丝组成；该仿棉聚酯纤维的卷曲收缩率为20％，卷曲稳定度为73％，紧缩伸长率为50％，卷缩弹性回复率为78％；该仿棉聚酯纤维的断裂强度为2.5cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为20％，沸水收缩率为3％，单丝纤度为1.5dtex。
实施例8
一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，其制备过程如下：
(1)将PET(特性粘度为0.62dL/g)分别按POY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为圆形)和FDY工艺(喷丝板上的喷丝孔为三叶形)纺丝；其中，所有三叶形喷丝孔的三叶呈T型，由两横叶和一竖叶组成，竖叶中心线与两横叶中心线的夹角均为90°，竖叶与两横叶的长度之比为1:1.5:1.8，三叶宽度相同且竖叶长度与宽度之比为2.9:1；所有的三叶形喷丝孔呈同心圆分布(喷丝孔数量为42，且在喷丝板的一圈上等距分布)，各三叶形喷丝孔的竖叶的中心线通过圆心，且指向背离圆心；
POY工艺的参数为：冷却风速0.3m/s；
FDY工艺采用环吹风冷却，且FDY工艺的参数为：纺丝温度282℃，冷却温度22℃，冷却风速2m/s，网络压力4.5bar，一辊速度2580m/min，一辊温度86℃，二辊速度3780m/min，二辊温度151℃，导丝盘速度3780m/min，卷绕速度3710m/min；
(2)按POY工艺制得的POY丝与按FDY工艺制得的FDY丝的质量比为30:70进行合股并丝；
(3)经网络复合、卷绕成型和温度为115℃，时间为22min的松弛热处理制得仿棉聚酯纤维；
制得的仿棉聚酯纤维具有三维卷曲形态，且由多根横截面呈三叶形的PET FDY单丝和多根横截面 呈圆形的PET POY单丝组成；该仿棉聚酯纤维的卷曲收缩率为20％，卷曲稳定度为75％，紧缩伸长率为50％，卷缩弹性回复率为80％；该仿棉聚酯纤维的断裂强度为2.5cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为20％，沸水收缩率为4％，单丝纤度为1.5dtex。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，其特征是：将PET分别按POY工艺和FDY工艺纺丝后合股并丝，再经网络复合、卷绕成型和松弛热处理制得仿棉聚酯纤维；
    POY工艺对应的喷丝板上的喷丝孔为圆形；FDY工艺对应的喷丝板上的喷丝孔为三叶形；FDY工艺采用环吹风冷却；
    所有三叶形喷丝孔的三叶呈T型，由两横叶和一竖叶组成，竖叶中心线与两横叶中心线的夹角均为90°，竖叶与两横叶的长度之比为1:1.5～2:1.5～2，三叶宽度相同且竖叶长度与宽度之比为2.5～3.5:1；
    所有的三叶形喷丝孔呈同心圆分布，各三叶形喷丝孔的竖叶的中心线通过圆心，且指向背离圆心。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，PET的特性粘度为0.60～0.65dL/g。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，FDY工艺的参数为：纺丝温度280～285℃，冷却温度20～25℃，冷却风速1.8～2.3m/s，网络压力3.5～4.5bar，一辊速度2500～3000m/min，一辊温度85～95℃，二辊速度3600～3800m/min，二辊温度150～170℃，导丝盘速度3600～3800m/min，卷绕速度3530～3710m/min；POY工艺的参数为：冷却风速0.3～0.5m/s。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，按POY工艺制得的POY丝与按FDY工艺制得的FDY丝的质量比为30:70～50:50。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，松弛热处理的温度为90～120℃，时间为20～30min。
  6. 采用如权利要求1～5任一项所述的一种仿棉聚酯纤维的制备方法制得的仿棉聚酯纤维，其特征是：具有三维卷曲形态，且由多根横截面呈三叶形的PET FDY单丝和多根横截面呈圆形的PET POY单丝组成。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的仿棉聚酯纤维，其特征在于，仿棉聚酯纤维的卷曲收缩率为20～25％，卷曲稳定度为73～75％，紧缩伸长率为50～53％，卷缩弹性回复率为78～82％。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的仿棉聚酯纤维，其特征在于，仿棉聚酯纤维的断裂强度为2.3～2.5cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为20～30％，沸水收缩率为3.0～4.0％，单丝纤度为1.5～1.7dtex。
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