WO2021129140A1 - 一种低气味软质pvc材料 - Google Patents

一种低气味软质pvc材料 Download PDF

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WO2021129140A1
WO2021129140A1 PCT/CN2020/125101 CN2020125101W WO2021129140A1 WO 2021129140 A1 WO2021129140 A1 WO 2021129140A1 CN 2020125101 W CN2020125101 W CN 2020125101W WO 2021129140 A1 WO2021129140 A1 WO 2021129140A1
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low
parts
odor
pvc material
antioxidant
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PCT/CN2020/125101
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English (en)
French (fr)
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朱秀梅
黄险波
叶南飚
王裕森
尹国杰
谢明星
杨霄云
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金发科技股份有限公司
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Priority to KR1020227022789A priority Critical patent/KR20220112279A/ko
Priority to JP2022539061A priority patent/JP7479477B2/ja
Priority to US17/788,744 priority patent/US20230059763A1/en
Priority to CA3166040A priority patent/CA3166040A1/en
Publication of WO2021129140A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021129140A1/zh

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    • C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
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    • C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
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    • C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of polymer materials, in particular to a low-odor soft PVC material.
  • Polyvinyl chloride is widely used in various fields of daily life due to its low price, excellent performance, and easy processing. According to the plasticizer content, those with a plasticizer content of more than 30% are conventionally classified as soft PVC, which is widely used in automotive interiors.
  • Chinese patent CN201410257480.X discloses a low-odor PVC composition used in the field of coatings, which physically adsorbs odors by adding a combination of NaY molecular sieve and 4A molecular sieve; but on the one hand, the molecular sieve used has a large particle size, which is not conducive to use in automotive interiors.
  • its processing temperature as a coating is relatively low, and at the higher processing temperature of modified plastic, the odor physically adsorbed by molecular sieve is difficult to guarantee and will not be released again, so it is not suitable for improving the odor of modified PVC plastic.
  • Patent CN201310725382.X discloses a PVC film material, which deodorizes by adding white activated carbon, but the higher amount of activated carbon added will inevitably have a greater impact on the physical properties of the PVC material.
  • Patent CN201410693355 and 201610714766.5 disclose low-odor PVC formulations used as cable materials, which use inorganic silicate deodorants, but the proportion of plasticizers in this patent does not exceed 30%. The patent covers a wide variety of plasticizers and formulas with a higher content (30%-50%) have weak effects.
  • CN201710438307 also discloses a low-odor PVC powder for automotive interior parts.
  • the method for improving the odor is to introduce physical adsorption deodorants, specifically nano calcium carbonate, nano zinc oxide, precipitated silica, and fumed silica Or at least one of hot-melt rubber powder, but the addition amount is 1%-5%, which is still relatively high.
  • physical adsorption deodorants specifically nano calcium carbonate, nano zinc oxide, precipitated silica, and fumed silica Or at least one of hot-melt rubber powder, but the addition amount is 1%-5%, which is still relatively high.
  • it introduces coupling agent to modify the surface of deodorant.
  • An additional mixing process is added to the preparation method, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive and affects production capacity.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a low-odor soft PVC material.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a low-odor soft PVC material, comprising the following parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin, 60 to 125 parts of plasticizer, and 2 to 10 parts of heat stabilizer , 10-50 parts of fillers, 0-2 parts of antioxidants, 0.02-0.06 parts of lubricants, and 0.5-1 parts of deodorant; the degree of polymerization of the PVC resin is ⁇ 1300; the deodorant contains nano calcium carbonate and Zinc ricinoleate.
  • the industrial PVC is mainly suspension polymerization method, and dispersant is used in the polymerization process.
  • the type and amount of dispersant used in high polymerization degree PVC are more, and the residue may be more, and most of the dispersant smells
  • the PVC powder with too high polymerization is more likely to rub and heat during the extrusion production process, and produce low-molecular decomposition products. Therefore, the present invention selects PVC resin with a polymerization degree ⁇ 1300, which can effectively reduce the odor produce.
  • the PVC material of the present invention adopts a deodorant that is a combination of physical adsorption and chemical reaction, and nano-calcium carbonate is nano-level calcium carbonate, which has a large specific surface area and has a strong surface adsorption effect on odor substances; And zinc ricinoleate is rich in activated zinc atoms, which can form strong bonds with N, S and other atoms in the odor to completely eliminate the odor. Furthermore, since the deodorant of the present invention actually introduces calcium and zinc ions into the PVC material, it can further improve the stability of the material, which may be another reason for its better deodorizing effect.
  • the deodorizing effect of using nano calcium carbonate and zinc ricinoleate is better than that of using only nano calcium carbonate and zinc ricinoleate, and is better than other commonly used deodorants (such as activated carbon, diatom) Clay, nano zinc oxide, bentonite, etc.). Therefore, the deodorant has high deodorizing efficiency, stable effect, small addition amount, and has little overall effect on the appearance and performance of the prepared automobile interior parts. It is suitable for large-scale production and has simple and easy-to-obtain deodorant formulations. , Low cost and other advantages.
  • the addition amount of nano calcium carbonate and zinc ricinoleate in the system is small, it is not easy to disperse in the system, and the compatibility with the matrix is poor.
  • the addition of lubricants can ensure the addition of nano calcium carbonate and zinc ricinoleate The full dispersion in the material improves the compatibility of nano calcium carbonate and zinc ricinoleate with the matrix, thereby improving the deodorizing effect.
  • the lubricant is preferably at least one of esters, polyethylenes, stearic acids, and paraffin waxes.
  • the PVC material of the present invention is a soft PVC material, which has the characteristics of low odor, and is especially suitable for automotive interior materials.
  • the weight ratio of the nano-calcium carbonate and zinc ricinoleate is: 3 to 6.5: 3 to 6.5.
  • nano calcium carbonate and zinc ricinoleate are compounded in the above-mentioned ratio, the deodorizing effect is better.
  • the particle size D50 of the nano calcium carbonate is 15-40 nm.
  • the antioxidant is a hindered phenolic antioxidant and/or a hindered amine antioxidant.
  • the antioxidants are hindered phenolic antioxidants and hindered amine antioxidants; the weight ratio of the hindered phenolic antioxidants and hindered amine antioxidants is: 1 ⁇ 3:1 ⁇ 3.
  • the inventor found that the use of hindered phenolic antioxidants and hindered amine antioxidants can significantly reduce the odor of PVC materials, and it significantly prevents the oxidative aging of PVC and other polymer materials during processing. Thereby reducing the production of volatiles and reducing odor.
  • the antioxidant is 0.2 to 1 part.
  • the antioxidant is a combination of hindered phenolic antioxidants and hindered amine antioxidants, when the amount of antioxidant added is more than 0.2 parts, it can effectively reduce the odor of PVC, and when the amount of addition is greater than 1 part , Its odor improvement effect is not significant, and the cost increases.
  • the hindered phenolic antioxidant is tetrakis[ ⁇ -(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid]pentaerythritol ester, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2, At least one of 4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene and tris[2.4-di-tert-butylphenyl] phosphite; the hindered amine antioxidant The agent is 4,4'-bis( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylbenzyl)diphenylamine.
  • Hindered phenolic antioxidants and hindered amine antioxidants are preferably of the above-mentioned types, which can significantly reduce the odor of PVC materials.
  • the heat stabilizer is a calcium-zinc type heat stabilizer.
  • the plasticizer is at least one of benzoic acid esters, polyol esters, epoxy soybean oil, citrate esters, and polyesters.
  • the plasticizer is at least one of dioctyl terephthalate, bis(2-propylheptyl) phthalate and trioctyl trimellitate.
  • dioctyl terephthalate bis(2-propylheptyl) phthalate
  • trioctyl trimellitate When the above types of plasticizers are used, they can effectively reduce the odor in soft PVC materials with a large amount of plasticizers.
  • the filler is at least one of calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, talc and kaolin.
  • the PVC material further contains at least one of a light stabilizer, a reinforcing agent, a toughening agent, an antistatic agent, and a coloring agent.
  • the preparation method of the PVC material of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the present invention provides a low-odor soft PVC material.
  • the low-odor soft PVC material of the present invention selects a PVC resin with a low degree of polymerization and a deodorant with high deodorizing efficiency from the source. The odor is reduced, and the overall effect on the appearance and performance of automotive interior parts is small, the cost is low, and it is suitable for mass production.
  • the grade of PVC resin with a degree of polymerization of 1300 is TK-1300
  • the grade of PVC resin with a degree of polymerization of 1000 is TK-1000
  • the grade of PVC with a degree of polymerization of 700 The grade of the resin is TK-700;
  • Lubricant was purchased from Imori Grease Chemicals (Germany) Co., Ltd., and the model was LOXIOLP 861/3.5 (ester lubricant);
  • Dioctyl terephthalate was purchased from Guangzhou Weilianda Plasticizer Co., Ltd.;
  • Trioctyl trimellitate was purchased from Pauline Hong Kong Co., Ltd.;
  • Di(2-propylheptyl) phthalate was purchased from Guangzhou Weilianda Plasticizer Co., Ltd.;
  • Calcium-zinc heat stabilizer was purchased from Adick Shanghai Trading Co., Ltd., model RUP-108;
  • Zinc ricinoleate was purchased from Wenzhou Gray Chemical;
  • the particle size D50 of nano calcium carbonate is 20nm;
  • the particle size D50 of calcium carbonate is 4.5 ⁇ m
  • Antioxidant 1010 tetra [ ⁇ -(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester was purchased from BASF;
  • Antioxidant 330 (1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene) was purchased from Foshan Yuansheng Chemical Co., Ltd.;
  • Antioxidant 168 tris[2.4-di-tert-butylphenyl] phosphite was purchased from BASF;
  • Antioxidant KY-405 (4,4'-bis( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylbenzyl)diphenylamine) was purchased from Jiangsu Feiya Chemical Industry Group.
  • test methods involved in the examples and comparative examples are as follows:
  • Odor grade PV 3900-2000, the lower the grade, the lower the odor;
  • TVOC TS-INT-002, the smaller the value, the less the total volatile matter.
  • the odor level is higher than 3.5, most users say it is unacceptable. If the odor level is lower than or equal to 3.0, it can meet the needs of most users.
  • hindered phenolic antioxidants or hindered amine antioxidants have lower odor level and TVOC content, hindered phenolic antioxidants and hindered amines Adding more than 0.2 part of anti-oxidant can reduce the odor level to below 3.0, but after the addition of antioxidant is more than 1 part, increasing the amount of antioxidant will not continue to reduce the odor, and the cost will increase.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种低气味软质PVC材料，包含以下重量份的组分：PVC树脂100份、增塑剂60～125份、热稳定剂2～10份、填料10～50份、抗氧剂0～2份、润滑剂0.02～0.06份和除味剂0.5～1份；所述PVC树脂的聚合度低于1300；所述除味剂包含纳米碳酸钙和蓖麻油酸锌。本发明所述低气味软质PVC材料通过选择低聚合度的PVC树脂和除味效率高的除味剂，从源头降低气味，并且对汽车内饰件的外观和性能整体影响很小，成本低廉，适用于大规模生产。

Description

一种低气味软质PVC材料 技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料技术领域，具体涉及一种低气味软质PVC材料。
背景技术
聚氯乙烯(PVC)由于具有价格低廉而又性能优异、加工简便等优点，广泛应用于日常生活的各个领域。根据其中增塑剂的含量，常规将增塑剂含量超过30％的归为软质PVC，在汽车内饰上有广泛应用。
PVC的固有特点是抗冲击性能不良、对热敏感，因此在PVC的改性加工过程中往往要加入各种助剂。针对软质PVC而言，必须要加入大量的增塑剂、稳定剂。软质PVC的气味来源主要有四个方面：一是增塑剂中残留的上游合成中未反应的醇类单体、醛类化合物；二是稳定剂中残留挥发物，如硫醇类有机锡中的硫醇类化合物；三是PVC粉末在高温剪切作用下降解产生的微量氯化氢等分子；四是在高温加工中所有的挥发小分子进一步相互反应产生的其他挥发物质。这四大来源最终导致软质PVC材料往往存在气味较大、VOC含量高等问题。而随着国六标准的全面实施，软质PVC材料想要继续作为汽车内饰材料使用，气味问题已经从从前的可选条件演变成了如今的准入门槛，其高气味高VOC的问题必须要得以解决。
为了解决PVC材料的气味问题，目前在专利上已有一定研究。中国专利CN201410257480.X公开了用于涂料领域的低气味PVC组合物，其通过添加NaY分子筛和4A分子筛的组合来物理吸附气味；但一方面所使用分子筛粒径大，不利于用于汽车内饰件材料，另一方面其作为涂料的加工温度较低，而在改性塑料的较高加工温度下，以分子筛物理吸附的气味难保不会重新释放，故而不适合改性PVC塑料的气味改善。专利CN201310725382.X公开了一种PVC薄膜材料，其通过添加白色活性炭来除味，但活性炭添加量较高，必然对PVC材料的物理性能造成较大影响。专利CN201410693355和201610714766.5公开了用作 电缆材料的低气味PVC配方，其使用了无机硅酸盐类除味剂，但该专利的增塑剂比例不超过30％，经尝试，该类除味剂对本专利所涵盖的增塑剂种类多且含量较高(30％-50％)的配方作用微弱。CN201710438307也公开了一种汽车内饰件用的低气味PVC粉末，其改善气味的方法是引入物理吸附类除味剂，具体为纳米碳酸钙、纳米氧化锌、沉淀二氧化硅、气相二氧化硅或热溶性胶粉中的至少一种，但添加量1％-5％，还是较高，为了减少对外观和性能的影响，其又引入偶联剂对除味剂进行表面改性，这就在制备方法上加多了一道混合工序，费时费力，影响产能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的不足之处而提供一种低气味软质PVC材料。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：一种低气味软质PVC材料，包含以下重量份的组分：PVC树脂100份、增塑剂60～125份、热稳定剂2～10份、填料10～50份、抗氧剂0～2份、润滑剂0.02～0.06份和除味剂0.5～1份；所述PVC树脂的聚合度≤1300；所述除味剂包含纳米碳酸钙和蓖麻油酸锌。
目前工业上的PVC以悬浮聚合方法为主，在聚合过程中会用到分散剂，高聚合度的PVC所用的分散剂种类和用量都更多，残余也可能更多，而大部分分散剂气味较大；此外，聚合度过高的PVC粉在挤出生产过程中存在更容易摩擦生热，产生低分子分解物的问题，因此本发明选择聚合度≤1300的PVC树脂，能有效降低气味的产生。
另外，本发明所述PVC材料采用物理吸附和化学反应复配型的除味剂，纳米碳酸钙为纳米级别的碳酸钙，其具有较大比表面积，对气味物质有很强的表面吸附效应；而蓖麻油酸锌中含有丰富的活化锌原子，可与臭味中的N、S等原子形成很强的化合键从而彻底消除臭味。再者，由于本发明所述除味剂为实际上在PVC材料中引入了钙、锌离子，可进一步提高材料的稳定性，可能成为其能实现较好除味效果的另一方面原因。发明人发现，采用纳米碳酸钙和蓖麻油酸锌复配的除味效果，优于仅采用纳米碳酸钙和蓖麻油酸锌的效果，并且优于 其他的常用除味剂(如活性炭，硅藻土，纳米氧化锌，膨润土等)。因此，所述除味剂具有除味效率高，效果稳定，添加量小，对制得的汽车内饰件的外观和性能整体影响很小，适用于大规模生产，除味剂配方简单易得，成本低廉等优点。
由于纳米碳酸钙和蓖麻油酸锌在体系中的添加量较少，在体系中不容易分散，并且与基体的相容性较差，加入润滑剂的加入可保证纳米碳酸钙和蓖麻油酸锌在物料中的充分分散，提高纳米碳酸钙和蓖麻油酸锌与基体的相容性，从而提高除味效果。润滑剂优选为酯类、聚乙烯类、硬脂酸类和石蜡类中的至少一种。
本发明所述PVC材料为一种软质PVC材料，具有气味低的特点，尤其适用于汽车内饰材料。
优选地，所述纳米碳酸钙和蓖麻油酸锌的重量之比为：3～6.5:3～6.5。当纳米碳酸钙和蓖麻油酸锌采用上述配比复配时，其除味效果更好。
优选地，所述纳米碳酸钙的粒径D50为15～40nm。
优选地，所述抗氧剂为受阻酚类抗氧剂和/或受阻胺类抗氧剂。
优选地，所述抗氧剂为受阻酚类抗氧剂和受阻胺类抗氧剂；所述受阻酚类抗氧剂和受阻胺类抗氧剂的重量之比为：1～3：1～3。发明人发现，采用受阻酚类抗氧剂和受阻胺类抗氧剂两种抗氧剂复配，能明显降低PVC材料气味，它显著阻止了PVC等高分子材料在加工过程中的氧化老化，从而减少挥发物的产生，降低气味。
优选地，所述抗氧剂为0.2～1份。所述抗氧剂为受阻酚类抗氧剂和受阻胺类抗氧剂复配时，当抗氧剂的添加量为0.2份以上时，能够有效降低PVC的气味，当添加量大于1份后，其气味改善效果不显著，且成本增加。
优选地，所述受阻酚类抗氧剂为四[β-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、1,3,5-三甲基-2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)苯和三[2.4-二叔丁基苯基]亚磷酸酯中的至少一种；所述受阻胺类抗氧剂为4,4’-双(α,α-二甲基 苄基)二苯胺。受阻酚类抗氧剂和受阻胺类抗氧剂优选采用上述种类，可显著降低PVC材料的气味。
优选地，所述热稳定剂为钙锌类热稳定剂。
优选地，所述增塑剂为苯酸酯类、多元醇酯类、环氧大豆油类、柠檬酸酯类和聚酯类中的至少一种。
优选地，所述增塑剂为对苯二甲酸二辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-丙基庚)酯和偏苯三酸三辛酯中的至少一种。采用上述种类的增塑剂时，在增塑剂添加量较大的软质PVC材料中能有效降低气味。
优选地，所述填料为碳酸钙、硫酸钡、滑石粉和高岭土中的至少一种。所述填料中碳酸钙为微米级别的碳酸钙，粒径为D50＝1.5～10μm。
优选地，所述PVC材料还包含光稳定剂、增强剂、增韧剂、抗静电剂和着色剂中的至少一种。
本发明所述PVC材料的制备方法包括以下步骤：
(a)按照规定的重量份称取所述低气味软质PVC材料的各组分；
(b)将其中的PVC树脂粉、增塑剂、热稳定剂以及抗氧剂加入到高速混合机中，混合8-15min，使物料温度升至110℃，其中增塑剂分两次加入，使得增塑剂被PVC树脂粉充分吸收；
(c)加入填料和除味剂，继续高速混合3-5min，使除味剂与粉料充分混合，后停机出料；
(d)将高速混合机内热料转移至低速冷混机内，开机进行低速混合，使物料温度降至50℃以下；
(e)将上述混配好的物料投入到双阶挤出机中挤出造粒，双阶挤出机中双螺杆温度为120℃-130℃，单螺杆温度为130℃-140℃；经风冷模面热切即得所述低气味软质PVC材料。
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明提供了一种低气味软质PVC材料，本发明所述低气味软质PVC材料通过选择低聚合度的PVC树脂和除味效率高的除味 剂，从源头降低气味，并且对汽车内饰件的外观和性能整体影响很小，成本低廉，适用于大规模生产。
具体实施方式
为更好地说明本发明的目的、技术方案和优点，下面将结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例和对比例中，各原料均购自市场，其中，聚合度为1300的PVC树脂的牌号为TK-1300，聚合度为1000的PVC树脂的牌号为TK-1000，聚合度为700的PVC树脂的牌号为TK-700；
润滑剂为购自意慕利油脂化学(德国)有限公司，型号为LOXIOLP 861/3.5(酯类润滑剂)；
对苯二甲酸二辛酯购自广州市威联达增塑剂有限公司；
偏苯三酸三辛酯购自波林香港有限公司；
邻苯二甲酸二(2-丙基庚)酯购自广州市威联达增塑剂有限公司；
钙锌类热稳定剂购自艾迪克上海贸易有限公司，型号RUP-108；
蓖麻油酸锌购自温州格雷化工；
纳米碳酸钙的粒径D50为20nm；
碳酸钙的粒径D50为4.5μm；
抗氧剂1010(四[β-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯)购自BASF；
抗氧剂330(1,3,5-三甲基-2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)苯)购自佛山沅胜化工有限公司；
抗氧剂168(三[2.4-二叔丁基苯基]亚磷酸酯)购自BASF；
抗氧剂KY-405(4,4’-双(α,α-二甲基苄基)二苯胺)购自江苏飞亚化学工业集团。
实施例1～20和对比例1～5所述低气味软质PVC材料的配方和测试结果见表1和表2。
实施例和对比例所述PVC材料的制备方法包括以下步骤：
(a)按照规定的重量份称取所述低气味软质PVC材料的各组分；
(b)将其中的PVC树脂粉、增塑剂、热稳定剂以及抗氧剂加入到高速混合机中，混合8-15min，使物料温度升至110℃，其中增塑剂分两次加入，使得增塑剂被PVC树脂粉充分吸收；
(c)加入填料和除味剂，继续高速混合3-5min，使除味剂与粉料充分混合，后停机出料；
(d)将高速混合机内热料转移至低速冷混机内，开机进行低速混合，使物料温度降至50℃以下；
(e)将上述混配好的物料投入到双阶挤出机中挤出造粒，双阶挤出机中双螺杆温度为120℃-130℃，单螺杆温度为130℃-140℃；经风冷模面热切即得所述低气味软质PVC材料。
实施例和对比例涉及的测试方法如下：
1、邵氏硬度：ASTM D2240
2、气味等级：PV 3900-2000，等级越低表明气味越低；
3、TVOC：TS-INT-002，值越小表明总挥发物越少。
表1
Figure PCTCN2020125101-appb-000001
表2
Figure PCTCN2020125101-appb-000002
注：“-”表示未添加该物质
一般而言，气味等级高于3.5，大部分用户表示难以接受，气味等级低于或等于3.0则能满足大部分用户的需求。
从表1和表2的测试结果可以看出，与不使用除味剂或仅使用纳米碳酸钙或蓖麻油酸锌相比，采用纳米碳酸钙和蓖麻油酸锌复配，其气味等级和测试的TVOC含量均更低，说明纳米碳酸钙和蓖麻油酸锌复配的除味效率更高；当纳 米碳酸钙和蓖麻油酸锌的配比为3～6.5:3～6.5时，除味效果更好，能够将气味等级降低至3.0以下，能满足绝大部分用户的需求。并且润滑剂的加入能够有效提高除味效果。采用受阻酚类抗氧剂和受阻胺类抗氧剂复配比仅采用受阻酚类抗氧剂或受阻胺类抗氧剂的气味等级和TVOC含量更低，受阻酚类抗氧剂和受阻胺类抗氧剂复配添加0.2份以上即可将气味等级降低至3.0以下，但抗氧剂添加量大于1份后，再增加抗氧剂的量则难以继续降低气味，且成本增加。
最后所应当说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种低气味软质PVC材料，其特征在于，包含以下重量份的组分：PVC树脂100份、增塑剂60～125份、热稳定剂2～10份、填料10～50份、抗氧剂0～2份、润滑剂0.02～0.06份和除味剂0.5～1份；所述PVC树脂的聚合度≤1300；所述除味剂包含纳米碳酸钙和蓖麻油酸锌。
  2. 如权利要求1所述低气味软质PVC材料，其特征在于，所述纳米碳酸钙和蓖麻油酸锌的重量之比为：3～6.5:3～6.5。
  3. 如权利要求1所述低气味软质PVC材料，其特征在于，所述纳米碳酸钙的粒径D50为15～40nm。
  4. 如权利要求1所述低气味软质PVC材料，其特征在于，所述抗氧剂为受阻酚类抗氧剂和/或受阻胺类抗氧剂；优选地，所述抗氧剂为受阻酚类抗氧剂和受阻胺类抗氧剂；所述受阻酚类抗氧剂和受阻胺类抗氧剂的重量之比为：1～3：1～3。
  5. 如权利要求4所述低气味软质PVC材料，其特征在于，所述抗氧剂为0.2～1份。
  6. 如权利要求4所述低气味软质PVC材料，其特征在于，所述受阻酚类抗氧剂为四[β-(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、1,3,5-三甲基-2,4,6-三(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苄基)苯和三[2.4-二叔丁基苯基]亚磷酸酯}中的至少一种；所述受阻胺类抗氧剂为4,4’-双(α,α-二甲基苄基)二苯胺。
  7. 如权利要求1所述低气味软质PVC材料，其特征在于，所述热稳定剂为钙锌类热稳定剂。
  8. 如权利要求1所述低气味软质PVC材料，其特征在于，所述增塑剂为苯酸酯类、多元醇酯类、环氧大豆油类、柠檬酸酯类和聚酯类中的至少一种；优选地，所述增塑剂为对苯二甲酸二辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-丙基庚)酯和偏苯三酸三辛酯中的至少一种。
  9. 如权利要求1所述低气味软质PVC材料，其特征在于，所述填料为碳酸钙、硫酸钡、滑石粉和高岭土中的至少一种。
  10. 如权利要求1所述低气味软质PVC材料，其特征在于，所述PVC材料还包含光稳定剂、增强剂、增韧剂、抗静电剂和着色剂中的至少一种。
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