WO2021125172A1 - 耐洪水塀を備えた耐水害施設 - Google Patents
耐洪水塀を備えた耐水害施設 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021125172A1 WO2021125172A1 PCT/JP2020/046767 JP2020046767W WO2021125172A1 WO 2021125172 A1 WO2021125172 A1 WO 2021125172A1 JP 2020046767 W JP2020046767 W JP 2020046767W WO 2021125172 A1 WO2021125172 A1 WO 2021125172A1
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- Prior art keywords
- flood
- resistant
- fence
- water
- height
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 title abstract 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 171
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002990 reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/14—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against other dangerous influences, e.g. tornadoes, floods
- E04H9/145—Floods
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
- E02B3/102—Permanently installed raisable dykes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a flood-resistant facility equipped with a flood-resistant fence that enables a long-term evacuation life in the building while protecting the building and residents from flood damage in the event of a disaster such as a flood or storm surge.
- the main application targets are apartment houses, hotels, office buildings, hospital buildings, factories, and the like.
- Patent Documents 1 to 5 Due to abnormal weather in recent years, damage such as floods and storm surges far exceeding the expected frequency has occurred. As a technique for preventing flooding of buildings and the like against flood damage such as floods and storm surges, for example, there are techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 5.
- Patent Document 1 includes a water stop plate having a predetermined area, a box body in which the water stop plate is stored or placed, a lower lock member, and an upper lock member, and the water stop plate is housed in the box body.
- a water stop plate having a predetermined area
- a box body in which the water stop plate is stored or placed
- a lower lock member and an upper lock member
- the water stop plate is housed in the box body.
- Patent Document 2 a base plate and a lid plate for protecting the U-shaped groove in the base plate are buried in the ground so as not to hinder the entry and exit of structures such as buildings, and the lid plate is removed in the event of a flood. Insert the dam plate into the groove, connect and fix the dam plate to the base plate via the reinforcing material to assemble the waterproof retaining wall unit, connect the waterproof retaining wall unit, and close the gap between the units with the joint plate.
- An emergency waterproof retaining wall is disclosed that prevents water from entering the inside of the retaining wall by circling the retaining wall so as to erect a wall around the structure.
- Patent Document 3 provides on both side walls of a building passage as an inundation prevention device that can be quickly assembled in a passage such as a building entrance / exit in an emergency such as heavy rain or flood and exerts an inundation prevention function in the building.
- Water stoppages are installed on the floor of the passage between the lower ends of the support materials, and the water stop panels that close the passages of the building by crimping the ends on both sides to these support materials over the entire length.
- a panel receiving girder member that receives the lower end of the panel, a first crimping means that crimps the lower end of the water blocking panel onto the panel receiving girder member, and a panel receiving girder member that is crimped onto the floor surface of the passage.
- a second crimping means for causing water intrusion into a building is disclosed.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a waterproof shutter that is installed at the entrance of a building or the like and has watertightness to prevent outside water from entering the building in an emergency.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a structure in which the left and right ends of a water stop panel are fitted into a fixed frame via a gasket as a water stop plate for preventing water from entering a building, a work, or the like. There is a description that it is possible to prevent inundation from the fittings by installing it inside or outside the fittings, and it is possible to prevent inundation damage by installing it at the gate of the fence for preventing inundation.
- Patent Documents 1 to 5 are intended to deal with relatively small-scale floods mainly for small-scale buildings, and are effective for large-scale floods that have frequently occurred in recent years. Cannot be dealt with.
- Its main composition is a form that surrounds an apartment building as a building, a hotel, an office building, a hospital building or a factory, at a distance from the building, and surrounds almost the entire circumference of the building except for an opening as a constant entrance / exit.
- a flood-resistant fence with watertightness has been constructed in the building, and this flood-resistant fence has a height higher than the expected inundation depth in the applicable area and is capable of resisting water pressure above the expected inundation depth.
- the fence is provided with an opening closing means for watertightly closing the opening when flooded.
- the opening of the flood-resistant fence is closed by the opening closing means, so that an isolated space is formed between the periphery of the building and the flood-resistant fence, and the flood-resistant building is resistant. Even if the outside of the flood fence reaches the assumed inundation depth, the inside of the flood-resistant fence is at most less than the precipitation level and there is no risk of inundation from the entrance or window of the building.
- the opening itself can cope with flood damage as it is without any special repair, and it is possible to prevent or minimize the damage to the building.
- the inside of the flood-resistant fence is kept in a calm state, which functions the building itself.
- the impact on the flood is small, and the safety of the building itself is maintained even if the inundation duration of the surrounding area is long, for example, one week or more.
- It can also be used as an evacuation shelter to accept local residents who have difficulty evacuating over a wide area, such as when the building is used for public facilities.
- the building By installing a water tank for disasters, an emergency generator for disasters, a sewage tank for disasters, etc. in the basement of the building, on the premises, or on the rooftop, the building can be used even when external services are cut off.
- the internal infrastructure will be secured and a long-term evacuation life will be possible.
- the inventor of the present application invented the multiple water blocking wall described in Patent Document 7 in relation to the above-mentioned flood-resistant wall.
- Its main configuration is a plurality of water blocking walls arranged in double or triple layers or more at intervals in the wall thickness direction, and a drainage means for discharging water that has permeated between the water blocking walls to the outside.
- Patent Document 8 it is possible to reduce tsunami damage by installing it in an area where a disaster such as a tsunami is expected, and to construct an evacuation site or a tower-shaped structure on a hill where local residents can evacuate.
- a structure is disclosed in which mounds formed in a conical trapezoidal shape by embankment are connected by embankment or construction, and a tower-like structure is constructed on the mound portion.
- Patent Document 9 describes that a wide area evacuation site made of a concrete skeleton structure is constructed inside the breakwater, and planting is performed on the gentle slope of the breakwater.
- Patent Document 10 has a large wave-dissipating force against invading waves such as tsunamis and typhoons, and for the purpose of disaster prevention of coasts and water areas, a large number of piles and wire nets or metal cages are provided in front of the coastal revetment to eliminate them. It has been described to reduce waves and reflections.
- the present invention is mainly intended to solve the problems in the invention described in Patent Document 6, and is provided with an embankment to the extent that the building to be applied is constructed so as not to be excessive, and flood resistance is provided on the embankment.
- the purpose is to reduce the height of the flood-resistant fence itself, reduce the cost of the flood-resistant fence that can withstand the assumed inundation depth and water pressure, and provide a highly safe flood-resistant facility. There is.
- a flood-resistant wall having watertightness is constructed in a form surrounding one or a plurality of buildings and surrounding almost the entire circumference of the building except for an opening as a constant entrance / exit, and the flood-resistant wall is constructed.
- the upper end is a wall that has a height higher than the expected inundation depth in the applicable area and has a resistance to withstand the water pressure higher than the expected inundation depth, and the opening is watertight when flooded.
- a flood-resistant facility equipped with a flood-resistant wall provided with an opening closing means that closes to the wall a fill above a predetermined height has been created in the area surrounded by the flood-resistant wall, and is constructed on the fill.
- the height of the upper end of the flood-resistant wall is set to be higher than the inundation depth expected in the applicable area, and the area outside the flood-resistant wall is set from the original surface to the flood-resistant wall.
- a sloped fill is created as a transition area where the height gradually increases, and a part of the wall of at least one or more of the above-mentioned one or a plurality of buildings is outside the range surrounded by the flood-resistant wall. It is characterized in that the wall surface of the portion protruding to the outside of the range surrounded by the flood-resistant wall is continuous with the flood-resistant wall as a water-tight water-resistant wall.
- the building mentioned here is, for example, an apartment house, a hotel, an office building, a hospital building, a factory, etc., and is not only when it surrounds a single building but also when it is constructed so as to surround multiple buildings of the same type or different types. Is also included.
- a predetermined distance is provided between the building and the flood-resistant fence, but a part of the wall of the building is made to protrude to the outside of the area surrounded by the flood-resistant fence, and the wall surface of the protruding part is provided.
- the height of the embankment is not particularly limited, but may be 0.5 m to 2 m, and depending on the conditions, 3 m or more.
- the foundation part where the building will be constructed or its surroundings it is not necessary to partially fill the foundation in relation to the foundation.
- the purpose is basically to reduce the height of the flood-resistant fence, it is possible to choose not to fill the inner part of the flood-resistant fence to some extent. For example, it is conceivable to create an artificial pond or park in that area.
- the width of the transition area described above if the slope is constant in consideration of the entry and exit of vehicles from the opening, for example, if the longitudinal slope is 12% and the height of the embankment is 0.5 m, the transition area Assuming that the width of the embankment is 4.2 m and the height of the embankment is 2.0 m, the width of the transition area should be 16.7 m. However, the vertical gradient of the entrance / exit route itself can be reduced by detouring the entrance / exit route within the transition area instead of traversing the transition area at a right angle.
- the embankment of the part where a part of the wall of the building protrudes to the outside of the area surrounded by the flood-resistant fence can be partially omitted.
- the building is provided with a water-stopping entrance / exit at a portion protruding to the outside of the flood-resistant fence, it can be used as a passage to the internal space formed inside the flood-resistant fence.
- the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of Japan revised the "Flood Hazard Map Creation Guide” in March 2013, and the inundation depth rank, which was set to 5 levels according to the inundation guideline in the conventional hazard map, is 3.0 m.
- the above (2nd floor inundation), 0.5m to less than 3.0m (1st floor above floor inundation), and less than 0.5m (1st floor underfloor inundation) are simply displayed in 3 stages, and the inundation depth is 0.5m to 3. In the area of 0m, it says, "If evacuation is delayed, do not overdo it and evacuate to the second floor of your house.”
- the present invention enables vertical evacuation, and the idea is to first create a flood-resistant fence with a height of, for example, 3 to 6 m or more, including the height of the embankment, around the building.
- the opening of the flood-resistant fence is closed by the opening closing means, so that an isolated space is formed between the periphery of the building and the flood-resistant fence, and the outside of the flood-resistant fence is formed.
- the inside of the flood-resistant fence is at most less than the amount of precipitation and there is no risk of inundation from the entrance or window of the building, and even if it is applied to an existing building, the opening of the building itself. Can deal with flood damage as it is without any special repair, and can eliminate or minimize the damage to the building.
- the inside of the flood-resistant fence is kept in a calm state, which affects the function of the building itself. Is small, and even if the outside of the flood-resistant fence reaches the expected inundation depth or a water level close to it, making it difficult to move to and from the outside, the inside of the flood-resistant fence is kept in a calm state, so that the building itself The impact on function is small, and the safety of the building itself is maintained even if the surrounding flooding duration is long, for example, one week or more.
- the material of the flood-resistant fence is not particularly limited, but for example, a material mainly composed of watertight concrete, which has been conventionally used for construction of water tanks, pools, basements, etc., can be used.
- a material mainly composed of watertight concrete which has been conventionally used for construction of water tanks, pools, basements, etc.
- it can be a flood-resistant fence made of metal or reinforced plastic.
- precast products When precast products are installed side by side as a flood resistant fence, ensure the watertightness of the entire flood resistant fence by interposing a waterproof material between the precast products.
- buttresses and stays will be added as necessary to resist the hydrodynamic pressure and hydrostatic pressure when floods occur. It is desirable that the lower end of the flood-resistant fence be rooted in the ground and that measures be taken to prevent underground flow.
- the opening closing means for example, between a support column having guide grooves installed on both sides of the opening, a plurality of vertical water stop panels whose both ends fit into the guide grooves, and between the guide groove and the water stop panel. And those provided with a water blocking material interposed between the water stopping panels and the like can be used.
- the opening closing means more preferably, the multiple water blocking wall described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6516946 can be used. That is, as an opening closing means, a plurality of water blocking walls arranged in double or triple layers or more at intervals in the wall thickness direction, and water permeating between the water blocking walls are discharged to the outside. Multiple water blocking walls with drainage means can be used.
- the multiple water stop walls are configured to provide multiple water stop walls and drain the water that has permeated between the multiple water stop walls by a drainage means such as a pump, the multiple water stop walls have a simple structure. It is possible to suppress the penetration of water into the inside.
- a drainage pump is generally used as a drainage means for draining the water that has permeated between the multiple water stop walls to the outside, but muddy water may flow in during floods, and also to the tsunami and the coast. Since it is possible that seawater will flow in due to floods in nearby areas, it is necessary to use a drainage pump that can handle muddy water and seawater depending on the conditions of the installation location.
- the installation position of the drainage means such as the drainage pump is not particularly limited, and it may be installed in a position where it is easy to operate.
- the submersible pump is installed between multiple water blocking walls, it is also possible to use an automatically operated pump that starts automatically when the water level reaches a certain level or higher.
- trees may be planted in a part or almost the whole of the above-mentioned transition area.
- it can be expected to play a role in preventing drifting objects from colliding with flood-resistant walls in the event of a tsunami, for example.
- a wave-dissipating block or a wave-dissipating structure may be installed on a part or almost the entire circumference of the flood-resistant fence.
- the strength of about 3 times the hydrostatic pressure is required, but if a wave-dissipating block or wave-dissipating structure is installed in the transition area, the wave power of the tsunami will be lost to some extent. The effect of scattering can be expected.
- the basic effect on flood damage is the same as that of the flood-resistant building provided with the flood-resistant fence described in Japanese Patent No. 6501961 described as Patent Document 6, but the height is within the range surrounded by the flood-resistant fence.
- the height of the flood-resistant fence has been suppressed and the design has become easier, and due to climate change, changes in the environment, revisions to the law, etc., the flood-resistant fence has become necessary to have higher strength and height. In some cases, there is potential to increase or reinforce the height of the flood-resistant fence in the form of additional strikes.
- a flood-resistant fence is constructed according to the construction of the embankment, wasteful excavation work will be eliminated even if the required depth of penetration of the flood-resistant fence is large.
- the residual soil generated by the excavation work of the foundation and the basement floor can be diverted to the embankment, which leads to the reduction of the total construction cost.
- the embankment of that part can be omitted and the extension length of the flood-resistant fence is shortened, so that it is resistant to flooding.
- the construction cost of the flood fence itself can be reduced.
- the degree of freedom in design is expanded because a part of the building can be placed outside the flood-resistant wall.
- the space of the transition area outside the flood-resistant fence will be widened, and the environment of the transition area can be improved and effectively used.
- the slope of the transition area can be reduced. Further, if the slopes are the same, the height of the embankment can be increased and the height of the flood-resistant fence body can be reduced because the width of the transition area is large.
- trees can be planted to prevent flood damage, or wave-dissipating blocks can be installed if necessary.
- FIG. 5 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a multiple water stop wall used for an opening. It is a vertical sectional view corresponding to the embodiment of FIG. It is a principle diagram of a multiple water stop wall.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view conceptually showing a flood-resistant facility equipped with a flood-resistant fence of the present invention.
- the height is equal to or higher than the inundation depth assumed in this area at the time of flood damage by surrounding the entire plurality of these buildings 1 around various buildings 1 and structures constructed in a predetermined area.
- a watertight flood-resistant fence 2 will be constructed.
- the opening 9 of the flood-resistant fence 2 is closed by an opening closing means such as a multiple water blocking wall 10 described later, so that the space 3 isolated between the periphery of the building 1 and the flood-resistant fence 2. To prevent damage to the building 1.
- An embankment E of a predetermined height or higher has been created in the area surrounded by the flood-resistant fence 2, and the height of the upper end of the flood-resistant fence 2 constructed on the embankment E is assumed to be inundation in the applicable area. It is set to be higher than the depth.
- a part of the wall of the building 1 is made to protrude to the outside of the range surrounded by the flood-resistant fence 2, and the wall surface of the protruding part is made to withstand as a water-tight water-resistant wall 1W. It is continuous with the flood fence 2.
- FIG. 2 conceptually shows the relationship between the flood-resistant fence and the embankment E in the present invention.
- a watertight flood-resistant wall 2 having a height equal to or higher than the inundation depth of the building is constructed, and when a flood occurs, the opening of the flood-resistant wall 2 is closed by an opening closing means to surround the building and the flood-resistant wall 2
- An isolated space 3 is formed between the building and the building so that the building will not be damaged.
- An embankment E of a predetermined height or higher has been created in the area surrounded by the flood-resistant fence 2, and the height of the upper end of the flood-resistant fence 2 constructed on the embankment E is assumed to be inundation in the applicable area. It is set to be higher than the depth.
- the height of the embankment E is set to about 0.5 m to 3 m, for example, about 1.5 m depending on the conditions of the target area, and the height of the flood-resistant fence 2 main body can be suppressed by that amount. Along with this, the water pressure and wave pressure that the flood-resistant fence 2 receives in the event of a flood becomes smaller, which facilitates the safety design of the flood-resistant fence 2.
- the embankment E is basically created inside the flood-resistant fence 2, the embankment is partially unnecessary for the foundation part where the building will be constructed or its surroundings due to the relationship with the foundation. It is also possible to choose not to fill the inner part of the flood-resistant fence 2 to some extent.
- the width of the transition area T if the slope is constant in consideration of the entry and exit of vehicles from the opening, for example, if the longitudinal slope is 12% and the height of the embankment is 1.5 m, then the transition area The width should be 12.5 m.
- the flood-resistant fence 2 is constructed so as to surround a plurality of buildings, but it may be constructed so as to surround one building.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view conceptually showing an embodiment of a flood-resistant facility provided with a flood-resistant fence of the present invention.
- a flood-resistant facility provided with a flood-resistant fence of the present invention.
- embankment E t embankment E and transition zones are building ⁇ water wall 2 in a manner surrounding the plurality of building 1.
- Opening and closing water blocking walls 10 are installed in the openings 9 of the flood-resistant fence 2 (4 places in the example of the figure) so that the openings 9 are closed when flood damage occurs.
- a part of the wall of the building 1 protrudes outward from the flood-resistant fence 2 by reinforcing the water-tight water-resistant wall 1W so that the internal space 3 can be combined with the flood-resistant fence 2 even in the event of a flood. I try to keep calm.
- the extension length of the flood-resistant fence 2 itself is shortened, the construction cost of the flood-resistant fence 2 itself can be reduced.
- the degree of freedom in design regarding the arrangement of the building 1 is not impaired in relation to the site.
- the space of the transition area outside the flood-resistant fence 2 will be widened, and the environment of the transition area can be improved and effectively used.
- tree planting p is planted in the transition area located outside the flood-resistant fence 2, and stores s are set up in several places.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view conceptually showing still another embodiment of the flood-resistant facility provided with the flood-resistant fence of the present invention.
- a road 32 that bypasses the outer circumference of the flood-resistant fence 2 is provided with respect to the main road 31, and the width of the transition area. Even if the value is reduced, the longitudinal gradient of the detour road 32 can be reduced.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing one embodiment as a specific form inside the flood-resistant fence of a flood-resistant facility.
- an apartment house is assumed as the building 1, and a flood-resistant wall 2 is constructed on the site where the embankment is created so as to surround almost the entire circumference of the building 1.
- the outer circumference of the flood-resistant fence 2 is a transition area for embankment with a gentle slope.
- a flood-resistant fence 2 is constructed on the site around the building 1 so as to surround almost the entire circumference of the building 1, and although not shown in the figure, the part connected to the entrance and the parking lot are connected.
- An opening closing means (for example, see FIGS. 7 to 11 described later) is provided in a part that is a constant entrance / exit, such as a part, a part for carrying out household waste and other wastes, and a flood. When there is a risk of flooding due to storm surge or high tide, the opening is closed by the opening closing means so that a peaceful space 3 isolated inside the flood-resistant fence 2 can be formed.
- the height of the flood-resistant fence 2 is set to be higher than the estimated inundation depth of the area where the building 1 is located. For example, if the estimated inundation depth is 2 m, it is about 2 m or more and 3 m, and if the estimated inundation depth is 4 m, it is 4 m or more and 5 m. If the assumed inundation depth is 5 m or more, it can be arbitrarily set to about 5 m or more and 6 m in consideration of safety in case of an assumed inundation depth or more.
- the flood-resistant fence 2 needs to have watertightness.
- L-shaped blocks of watertight concrete can be arranged side by side, and a water blocking material such as packing can be interposed between the L-shaped blocks.
- the flood-resistant fence 2 may be made of cast-in-place concrete.
- the flood-resistant fence 2 must have a structure and strength that can sufficiently withstand the hydrodynamic pressure and hydrostatic pressure when a flood or storm surge occurs, and a buttress or stay will be added as necessary.
- the inundation depth is high, there may be a problem of underground flow or backflow of sewer pipes, etc., and the structure should be able to deal with it. Specifically, the depth of penetration of the flood-resistant fence 2 will be deepened, and the ground of the foundation of the flood-resistant fence 2 will be improved as necessary. Further, a check valve 8 is provided in the pipeline communicating with the outside.
- the present invention enables a reasonably safe vertical evacuation, but when the surrounding area is flooded at a high inundation depth, the traffic to and from the outside by land is basically blocked, so that the inundation duration of the surrounding area is maintained. However, it is necessary to be able to deal with the case of a long period of time, for example, one week or more.
- an emergency water tank 4 and an emergency generator 5 are installed on the roof of the building 1 in addition to the normal water tank, and an emergency sewage tank 6 is installed underground in the site.
- the structure guarantees a long-term living environment of one week to one month.
- the rainwater tank 7 installed in the basement of the site suppresses the water level due to the rainfall inside the flood-resistant fence 2.
- the rainwater in the portion surrounded by the flood-resistant fence 2 can be stored in the rainwater tank 7 and drained from the upper part of the flood-resistant fence 2 with a drainage pump as needed.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram conceptually showing another embodiment of a flood-resistant building provided with a flood-resistant fence.
- hospitals and the like may be equipped with an emergency electricity supply source in advance in case of a long-term power outage, or may be equipped with equipment that assumes vertical criticism in the event of a disaster. Is only to block the doorway, and various obstacles and damages are expected in situations where the inundation depth reaches the second floor.
- the present invention makes it possible to form an isolated and peaceful space 3 inside the flood-resistant fence 2 even when there is a risk of inundation due to flood or storm surge, damage to the building 1 itself is minimized. be able to.
- FIG. 6 is based on the premise that an emergency electricity supply source and the like are provided in advance, and when the rooftop use is restricted such as when there is a heliport on the rooftop, the emergency water receiving tank 4 is installed on the ground in the site.
- the emergency sewage tank 6 and the rainwater tank 7 for dealing with heavy rainfall are installed underground.
- FIG. 7 and 8 show an example of an opening closing means for closing the opening
- FIG. 7 is a horizontal sectional view
- FIG. 8 is a corresponding vertical sectional view.
- the double water blocking walls 10A and 10B are formed by the water blocking panel 12 between the two columns 11 installed at intervals.
- the figure shows the case where it is installed at the opening of the flood-resistant fence 2.
- the columns 11 are provided with two guide grooves 12a and 12b extending in the vertical direction, and the columns 11 facing both ends of the waterproof panel 12 made of reinforced plastic or metal plate which is always stored in the storage place.
- the water stop panels 12 are provided in three stages in the vertical direction so as to be fitted into the guide grooves 12a and 12b of the above.
- a general water blocking material is arranged between the guide grooves 12a and 12b and the water blocking panel 12 so that water leakage from the gap can be minimized.
- the water pressure applied to the inner water stop wall 1B becomes relatively small, so it penetrates inside the second water stop wall 10B.
- the amount of water used can be kept low.
- FIG. 11 described later by further providing a third and fourth water blocking walls inside the double water blocking wall, penetration into the multiple water blocking walls can be achieved. Although it can be further suppressed, double or triple water blocking walls are usually considered sufficient.
- FIG. 9 is a horizontal sectional view showing another embodiment of the multiple water blocking wall of the present invention
- FIG. 10 is a corresponding vertical sectional view.
- This embodiment is a case where double water blocking walls 10A and 10B that can be opened and closed by water blocking panels 12A and 12B are formed between two columns 11a and 11b installed at intervals.
- a door pocket-shaped storage unit 15 for storing the water stop panels 12A and 12B is provided on the side surface of one of the columns 11b, and when water damage is expected to occur, the water stop panel 12A stored in the storage unit 15 is provided. , 12B is slid toward the other support column 11a so that the opening can be closed.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing these multiple water blocking walls in principle, and a plurality of water blocking walls (water blocking walls 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) arranged multiple times at intervals in the wall thickness direction. And the drainage means (drainage pumps 14a, 14b, 14c) for discharging the water that has permeated between the water stop walls to the outside, the multiple water stop walls are configured.
- each water stop wall 10A, 10A, 10C, and 10D is designed on the premise that complete water stoppage cannot be obtained.
- a drainage pump 14a for draining the permeated water is installed between the water stop wall 10A and the water stop wall 10A, and if the permeated water is discharged to the outside of the multiple water stop walls, the water stop wall 10A and the water stop are stopped.
- the water level between the water walls 10B can be maintained lower than the water level on the outside O (outside) of the water blocking wall 10A.
- the number of water stop walls arranged in multiple layers such as the third water stop wall 10C and the fourth water stop wall 10D is used.
- the water level of the permeated water becomes lower toward the inside, suppressing the permeation of water into the multiple water stop walls, and multiple stops. It is possible to prevent the damage caused by water damage to the inner buildings protected by the water wall.
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Abstract
Description
また、基本的には耐洪水塀本体の高さを抑えるのが目的であるため、耐洪水塀からある程度離れた内側の部分は盛土を行わない選択も可能である。例えば、その部分に人口の池や公園を造成することも考えられる。
図1は、本発明の耐洪水塀を備えた耐水害施設を概念的に示した斜視図である。
この例では、所定の領域内に建築される集合住宅1a、オフィスビル1b、病院1c、および備蓄倉庫1dの周囲に、これらの複数の建物全体を取り巻く形で、この地域で想定される水害時の浸水深以上の高さを有する水密性の耐洪水塀2を構築し、水害発生時には、耐洪水塀2の開口部を開口部閉塞手段により閉塞することで、建物の周囲と耐洪水塀2との間に隔離された空間3を形成し、建物に被害が生じないようにする。
この例では道路で囲まれる対象地域の敷地内の境界から内側に、盛土Eおよび遷移区域の盛土Etを造成し、複数の建物1を取り巻く形で耐洪水塀2を構築している。
1W…耐水壁、
2…耐洪水塀、2a…根入れ部、3…空間、
4…受水槽、5…非常用発電機、6…汚水槽、7…雨水槽、8…逆止弁、9…開口部、
E…盛土、Et…遷移区域の盛土、T…遷移区域、p…植樹、s…店舗、
10、10A,10B,10C、10D…止水壁、
11、11a、11b…支柱、12a、12b…ガイド溝、
12、12A、12B…止水パネル、
14、14a、14b、14c…排水ポンプ、
15…収納部、
31…道路、32…迂回道路
Claims (5)
- 1または複数の建物を取り巻く形で、前記建物の周囲に、常時の出入口としての開口部を除く建物のほぼ全周を取り巻く形で水密性を有する耐洪水塀が構築されており、前記耐洪水塀は上端部が適用対象地域で想定される浸水深以上の高さを有し、前記想定される浸水深以上の水圧に抵抗可能な耐力を有する塀であり、前記開口部には浸水時に該開口部を水密に閉塞する開口部閉塞手段が設けられている耐洪水塀を備えた耐水害施設において、
前記耐洪水塀が取り巻く範囲に、所定の高さ以上の盛土が造成されており、前記盛土上に構築される耐洪水塀の上端部の高さが適用対象地域で想定される浸水深以上の高さとなるように設定されており、
前記耐洪水塀の外側所定範囲には原地表面から耐洪水塀に向けて徐々に高さが増加する遷移区域として勾配を有する盛土部分が造成されており、
前記1または複数の建物のうちの少なくとも1以上の建物の壁の一部が、前記耐洪水塀が取り巻く範囲の外側まで突出しており、前記耐洪水塀が取り巻く範囲の外側まで突出している部分の壁面を水密性を有する耐水壁として前記耐洪水塀と連続させてあることを特徴とする耐水害施設。 - 請求項1記載の耐洪水塀を備えた耐水害施設において、前記盛土の高さが0.5m~3mであることを特徴とする耐洪水塀を備えた耐水害施設。
- 請求項1または2記載の耐洪水塀を備えた耐水害施設において、前記開口部閉塞手段は、壁厚さ方向に間隔をおいて2重または3重以上に配置された複数の止水壁と、前記止水壁間に浸透した水を外部に排出するための排水手段を備えた多重止水壁であることを特徴とする耐洪水塀を備えた耐水害施設。
- 請求項1または2記載の耐洪水塀を備えた耐水害施設において、前記遷移区域の一部またはほぼ全域に植樹が施されていることを特徴とする耐洪水塀を備えた耐水害施設。
- 請求項1記載の耐洪水塀を備えた耐水害施設において、前記耐洪水塀の外周部の一部またはほぼ全周に消波ブロックまたは消波構造体を設置してあることを特徴とする耐洪水塀を備えた耐水害施設。
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BR112022011015A BR112022011015A2 (pt) | 2019-12-20 | 2020-12-15 | Instalação resistente a inundações equipada com barreira resistente a inundações |
US17/757,326 US20230012568A1 (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2020-12-15 | Flood-resistant facility equipped with flood-resistant barrier |
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