WO2021090665A1 - Serre agricole et son procédé de construction - Google Patents

Serre agricole et son procédé de construction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021090665A1
WO2021090665A1 PCT/JP2020/039242 JP2020039242W WO2021090665A1 WO 2021090665 A1 WO2021090665 A1 WO 2021090665A1 JP 2020039242 W JP2020039242 W JP 2020039242W WO 2021090665 A1 WO2021090665 A1 WO 2021090665A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
basket
wall
house
earth
agricultural house
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/039242
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
進 益子
暁弐 益子
Original Assignee
クラフトワーク株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by クラフトワーク株式会社 filed Critical クラフトワーク株式会社
Publication of WO2021090665A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021090665A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/20—Forcing-frames; Lights, i.e. glass panels covering the forcing-frames
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

Definitions

  • the Applicant can use tuff blocks to form the floor of the house and also construct the lower half of the house wall surface using tuff blocks to reduce the temperature difference between day and night.
  • tuff blocks to form the floor of the house and also construct the lower half of the house wall surface using tuff blocks to reduce the temperature difference between day and night.
  • Patent Document 5 a semi-underground agricultural greenhouse that utilizes geothermal heat in order to prevent the growth of agricultural products due to abnormally high temperatures in summer (for example, Patent Document 5 and Non-Patent Document 1). ), Already implemented.
  • the present invention reduces such drawbacks, allows the agricultural greenhouse itself to have functions such as humidity control, temperature control, and heat retention, saves heating and cooling costs, and reduces day and night temperature changes, and is resistant to bad weather and the like. It is a method that makes it possible to easily construct an agricultural house such as a greenhouse, which can increase resistance and improve the cultivation of agricultural products throughout the year, and this agricultural house.
  • the agricultural house according to the present invention is provided with a basket wall having a height of about 1.5 m to a little less than 2 m by a steel net basket filled with earth and stones around a rectangular floor surface, and is above the upper end of the basket wall.
  • a plurality of columns extending about 1 m or about 1 m, and a plurality of beams having both ends or vicinity of both ends supported at the upper ends of the columns on the left side and the right side, which are the long sides of the floor surface, are provided.
  • a cold / hot water pipe may be embedded in the floor surface, and a cold / hot water pipe may be arranged on the inner surface of the basket wall.
  • the earth and stones to be filled in the basket are earth and stones in which tuff debris and the like are mixed in the soil around the house.
  • the basket has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and each ridge portion is formed of a reinforcing angle or frame made of stainless steel or galvanized steel material, and six surfaces of the rectangular parallelepiped shape are formed of a steel net.
  • a bracket is provided at the upper end or near the upper end of the support column so that the dimming curtain can be stored in the bracket, and the dimming curtain is pulled out from the bracket and the upper part of the roof to which the panel plate is fixed is dimmed. It may be possible to cover with a curtain.
  • the panel plate may be provided with translucency by spreading polyethylene sheets on both sides of a rectangular frame.
  • a cold / hot water pipe such as a vinyl pipe is arranged on the site inside the basket wall, and earth and stone or the like is sprayed on the site inside the basket wall to perform compaction to perform the cold temperature.
  • a floor surface in which water pipes are embedded may be formed, and cold / hot water pipes may be arranged on the inner surface of the basket wall.
  • the ground when leveling the ground, the ground is dug down to a depth of about 1.5 m to 2 m from the ground surface of the flat ground to level the ground, and the baskets are piled up to the height of the ground surface around the ground leveled site, and the baskets are piled up.
  • the outside of the basket wall may be backfilled to the height of the basket wall.
  • the agricultural house according to the present invention is a greenhouse in which the roof and the wall surface are formed of a transparent panel board, and further from the upper end of the wall body having a height of about 1.5 m by a basket filled with earth and stones. Since the roof and wall surface made of panel boards are formed by extending the columns by about 1 m, it is possible to make an agricultural house based on a wall body made of strong earth and stone and having a strong wall surface and ceiling made of panel boards.
  • the foundation part can be a foundation that does not cause dew condensation and has a humidity control and temperature control function, etc., just by placing a basket filled with tuff stone debris, gravel, and earth and stone. Assembling is done by processing in advance at the factory and systematically assembling as wood columns and beams, or predetermined arch pipes and straight pipes, and the roof and walls are also panelized at the factory in advance and simply at the site. It is designed so that it can be easily installed by arranging them side by side and applying rain to the connecting parts of the panels.
  • a steel net basket filled with earth and stones can be handled much easier than rock blocks in the work of constructing the basket wall, because the lower half of the perimeter wall of the house is constructed with earth and stones. It is possible to reduce the influence of temperature changes day and night and stabilize the greenhouse by geothermal heat to make the temperature inside the house an appropriate temperature.
  • the earth and stones to be filled in the basket it is possible to create a basket filled with earth and stones near the house construction site by using earth and stones in which tuff stone chips and the like are mixed in the soil around the house. It is possible to facilitate the construction of the house, and the mixed tuff stones can enhance the functions such as humidity control and temperature control by the earth and stones used as the wall body.
  • each ridge of the basket by forming each ridge of the basket with stainless steel or steel material, the shape of the basket can be maintained as a rectangular parallelepiped, a wall body can be easily constructed, and the six sides of the basket are formed with a steel net. Therefore, it is possible to make the earth and stones filled in the basket breathable, and it is possible to effectively utilize the characteristics such as temperature control and humidity control of the earth and stones filled in the basket.
  • the temperature inside the house is stabilized by effectively utilizing the underground heat together with the earth and stones filled in the basket. be able to.
  • the dimming curtain is stored in a bracket to allow sufficient amount of sunlight to irradiate the inside of the house, and the roof is covered with the dimming curtain.
  • the baskets of steel nets filled with earth and stones are piled up to form a basket wall, the lower half of the wall surface can be made into a breathable earth wall, and the house can be formed. It is possible to easily suppress the temperature rise inside, and it is possible to easily construct an agricultural house having a strong and solid foundation. Further, since the columns and beams are constructed on the basket wall and the roof and the wall surface are constructed by the panel boards, it is a method that can easily and quickly construct an agricultural greenhouse.
  • a basket wall with a basket filled with earth and stones can be easily constructed, and the basket wall can be used as a foundation part. Agricultural house can be built.
  • a compaction bed in which the cold / hot water pipe is embedded can be easily formed by arranging a cold / hot water pipe on the site inside the bucket wall and spraying and rolling earth and stones. Since the cold / hot water pipes are arranged on the inner surface of the wall using the steel net basket, the arrangement of the cold / hot water pipes is easy, and the temperature control in the house is easier and more reliable. It can be done easily and quickly.
  • the maximum depth is dug down to a depth approximately equal to the basket wall on a slope to form a site and a basket wall is formed, it is possible to easily construct a semi-underground agricultural house even on a slope. it can.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an agricultural greenhouse according to the present invention.
  • the schematic diagram which shows the state which made the depression for constructing the agricultural house which concerns on this invention.
  • the schematic diagram which shows the state which arranged the basket in the depression for constructing the agricultural house which concerns on this invention.
  • the schematic diagram which shows the state which constructed the floor surface of the agricultural house which concerns on this invention.
  • the schematic diagram which shows the state which backfilled in order to construct the agricultural house which concerns on this invention.
  • the perspective view which shows the basket used for constructing the agricultural house which concerns on this invention.
  • the development view of the wire net which creates the basket used for constructing the agricultural house which concerns on this invention.
  • the perspective view which shows the panel board used for the agricultural house which concerns on this invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an eighth embodiment of an agricultural greenhouse according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a modified use state in the seventh embodiment of the agricultural greenhouse according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a ninth embodiment of an agricultural greenhouse according to the present invention.
  • the wall body of the underground portion is constructed by a basket 125 using a steel net as a semi-underground type, and the above-ground portion is made of wood.
  • a transparent wall panel 155 is attached to the support column 143 to form a wall surface, and a transparent roof panel 151 is attached to the wooden beam 145 to form an agricultural house 100.
  • an agricultural house 100 having a width of about 6 m to 8 m, a length of about 50 m to 60 m, and a height from the floor to the center of the ceiling of about 2.5 m to 3 m is constructed.
  • the longitudinal direction is the front-back direction
  • the lateral direction is the left-right direction.
  • this dug down depression bottom 115 is compacted and leveled to form a flat horizontal plane.
  • a part or the whole of the bottom 115 of the depression may be leveled or marked for facilities by using discarded concrete or the like as necessary.
  • the basket wall formed at the peripheral edge of the bottom 115 of the depression is made up to the ground surface 110 or slightly higher than the ground surface 110 by stacking the rectangular parallelepiped baskets 125 made of steel nets.
  • a cold / hot water pipe 127 using a vinyl pipe or the like was installed on one side of the depression bottom 115 surrounded by the basket wall as the site for constructing the house, and the earth and stone when digging down, or digging down.
  • the earth and stones are sprayed so as to cover the earth and stones such as earth and stones mixed with tuff debris, diatomaceous earth, coral sand, etc., and cold and warm on the depression bottom 115 as a compaction bed 121 with a thickness of about several tens of centimeters. It forms a compaction bed 121 in which a water pipe 127 is embedded.
  • a cold / hot water pipe 127 is also attached to the inner surface of the basket wall having a height of about 1.5 m to a little less than 2 m from the floor surface of the compaction floor 121 formed in this manner. , The outside of the basket wall is to be backfilled.
  • the baskets 125 stacked so as to construct the basket wall have a rectangular parallelepiped shape in which six surfaces are formed by a steel net, and the inside of the six surfaces formed by the steel net. Soil and other earth and stones, gravel, tuff debris, diatomaceous earth, earth and stones mixed with coral sand, etc. are filled in, and the ridgeline part is reinforced with a reinforcement angle 210 such as L angle. Is.
  • a reinforcing angle 210 which is an L angle with a thickness of about 3 mm, was attached to the edge, the front edge, the rear edge, the lower edge, and the upper edge of the right side surface, and the inside was filled with earth and stone to fill the ridge. This is to prevent the steel net basket 125 from being deformed.
  • the reinforcing plate 213 of the steel plate is appropriately attached to the surfaces of the front net 203, the rear net 204, the bottom net 201, the top net 202, and the like, and is a rectangular parallelepiped. This is to prevent the shape from collapsing. Further, when it becomes larger (higher) in the height direction, although not shown, a rectangular parallelepiped shape is formed by attaching a steel plate reinforcing plate 213 to the surface of the front net 203 and the rear net 204, the right net 205, the left net 206, and the like as appropriate. It is intended to prevent the collapse.
  • the basket wall can also be formed by stacking empty baskets 125 on top of the baskets 125 filled with earth and stones to fill the baskets with earth and stones, and sequentially stacking the baskets 125 filled with earth and stones. Can be easily constructed.
  • the basket wall for stacking baskets 125 filled with earth and stones having a width of 1 m to 2 m, a depth of 0.5 m to 1 m, and a height of about 0.5 m to 1 m can be easily stacked using a small heavy machine or the like.
  • the basket wall can be formed quickly and easily, and since the rectangular parallelepiped basket 125 is used, the basket wall can be easily stacked to form a basket wall, and the basket wall has a thickness of 0.5 m to 1 m. Since it is a basket wall, it can have sufficient strength as a retaining wall.
  • the steel net basket 125 when the steel net basket 125 is filled with tuff stone debris, diatomaceous earth, coral sand, etc. mixed with the earth and stone near the house or the earth and stone when dug down, the tuff stone debris and diatomaceous soil , Coral sand, etc. can be easily brought into the site, and earth and stones mixed with tuff stone debris, diatomaceous earth, coral sand, etc. can usually have higher moisture absorption than earth and stone near the house, and baskets. It is possible to enhance the temperature control function and humidity control function of the wall.
  • the basket wall is not limited to the case where a plurality of baskets 125 having a height of about 0.5 m to 1 m are stacked to form a basket wall, and empty baskets 125 having a height of about 2 m are arranged side by side and earth and stone are placed on the basket 125.
  • One basket without stacking the baskets 125 by arranging the baskets 125 having a height of about 2 m filled with the same kind or earth and stones in the horizontal direction and arranging them in order to form a basket wall.
  • a basket wall with a height of about 2 m may be formed at 125.
  • a basket wall made of a basket 125 filled with earth and stones and a compaction floor 121 in which the cold / hot water pipe 127 is embedded are formed in the depression bottom 115, and the outside of the basket wall is backfilled, and then the top of the basket wall is filled.
  • a wooden base 141 is fixed to the base 141, a support column 143 is erected on the base 141, a beam 145 is provided so as to connect the upper ends of the left and right support columns 143, and each support column 143 in the front-rear direction is parallel to each other.
  • the skeleton of the house is built on the basket wall by connecting with the furring strip 149 of the book and providing a plurality of main buildings 147 parallel to each other so as to connect the beams 145 in the front-rear direction.
  • the length of the pillar 143 is about 0.8 m to 1.5 m so that it is about 1 m or more than 1 m, and the height of the central part of the ceiling of this agricultural house 100 is 1.3 m to 1 from the ground surface 110 to 1. It should be about 0.8 m and about 2.5 m to 3 m from the floor in the house.
  • the roof panel 151 having transparency is attached to the purlin 147 so that the roof panel 151 having transparency is attached above the beam 145, and the wall panel 155 is attached to the outside of the furring strip 149. Is attached to the outside of the support column 143.
  • the roof panel 151 and the panel board 150 to be the wall panel 155 are polyethylene sheets on both sides of a rectangular frame formed of a vertical frame member 161 made of wooden square timber and a horizontal frame member 163. 167 is the one that is expanded.
  • the panel board 150 has a length of about 3.5 m to 4.5 m, a width of about 60 cm, and a thickness of about 5 cm to 7 cm according to the width and height of the house, and the wall panel 155 has a roof. Although it has the same width and thickness as the panel 151, it is formed shorter than the roof panel 151 so that the length is about 1 m to 1.8 m according to the length of the support column 143.
  • the panel plate 150 forms a rectangular frame body by the vertical frame member 161 and the horizontal frame member 163 using the square timber, and a plurality of reinforcing members 165 are formed in the middle of the vertical frame member 161.
  • Polyethylene sheets 167 are spread on both sides of the braided frame provided with the above.
  • the polyethylene sheet 167 is stretched by attaching a sheet stopper joiner 171 to both the upper and lower sides of the vertical frame member 161 and the horizontal frame member 163, and the sheet stopper joiner 171 forms a frame around the polyethylene sheet 167. It is fixed.
  • the seat stopper joiner 171 is provided with a neck portion 171b whose width a1 of the main body portion 171a of the seat stopper joiner 171 is about 38 mm and whose width is once narrowed above the main body portion. It has an opening 171c that has been widened from 171b and then narrowed again, and has a long rail shape with a width a2 of the opening 171c of about 15 mm and a height a3 of the opening 171c of about 10 mm. Is what it is.
  • the seat pressing spring 173 is a meandering spring wire, the width b between the peak and the valley top is set to about 40 mm, and the width b is reduced and changed by elastic deformation. It is possible to increase the length in the major axis direction.
  • the seat holding spring 173 having a width b of about 40 mm in the natural state is inserted into the main body portion 171a having a width a1 of about 38 mm in the seat stopper joiner 171. Since the width b) is reduced and compressed in the main body portion 171a, the polyethylene sheet 167 can be fixed by the seat pressing spring 173 so as to press the peripheral portion of the polyethylene sheet 167 against the inner method of the main body portion 171a. is there.
  • the panel receiving joiner 175 has a vertical wall portion 175b that rises at right angles to the substrate portion 175a from both ends of the flat plate-shaped substrate portion 175a, and has a width of the substrate portion 175a.
  • a long joiner having a U-shaped cross section having a c1 of about 40 mm to 60 mm and a height c2 of the standing wall portion 175b of about 15 mm and a panel presser joiner 177.
  • the cross section is mushroom-shaped, the width d2 of the upper cover portion 177a is about 60 mm to 80 mm, and the insertion portion 177b which is parallel to each other in two rows is provided below the cover portion 177a, and the distance between the two insertion portions 177b.
  • a long joiner having a d1 of about 40 mm to 60 mm, a height d3 of the insertion portion 177b of about 10 mm, and a height d4 from the lower end of the insertion portion 177b to the top of the cover portion 177a of about 20 mm was used.
  • the panel plate 150 is connected to each other by the panel receiving joiner 175 and the panel pressing joiner 177.
  • a long panel receiving joiner 175 is arranged on the purlin 147 so as to go from the ridge to the eaves, and this panel receiving joiner 175 is used.
  • a plurality of panel receiving joiners 175 are arranged in parallel according to the width of the panel plate 150 so as to have a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the house, and the width of the roof panel 151 is arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the house.
  • the required number of panel receiving joiners 175 is fixed to the purlin 147 with screws or the like at predetermined intervals according to the above.
  • the panel receiving joiners 175 When forming a wall surface with the wall panel 155, first, the panel receiving joiners 175 are vertically erected vertically above the upper end of the basket wall at equal intervals according to the width of the wall panel 149 on the outside of the furring strip 149. Each of the standing panel receiving joiners 175 is fixed to the furring strip 149 with screws or the like, and the wall panel 155 is attached to the support column 143 by the panel receiving joiner 175 or the like.
  • roof panel 151 When the roof panel 151 is fixed to the main building 147, as shown in FIG. 12, a panel receiver screwed to the main building 147 to the opening 171c of the sheet stopper joiner 171 attached to the lower surface of the vertical frame member 161 of the roof panel 151.
  • the roof panels 151 are arranged so as to insert one of the standing wall portions 175b of the joiner 175, and the panel presser joiner 177 is parallel to the opening 171c of the sheet stopper joiner 171 attached to the upper surface of the vertical frame member 161 of the roof panel 151.
  • the position of the panel retainer joiner 177 is determined so that the gap between the two roof panels 151 is covered by the cover portion 177a of the panel retainer joiner 177 so that one of the insertion portions 177b in the two rows of insertion portions 177b is inserted.
  • the roof panel 151 is fixed by screwing the screw bolt 181 from the top of the panel presser joiner 177 into the main building 147 so as to fix the panel presser joiner 177 to the purlin 147. Is to prevent leakage.
  • the wall surface is formed by attaching the panel receiving joiner 175 to the one standing wall portion 175b of the panel receiving joiner 175 attached to the furring strip 149 so as to stand from the upper end surface of the basket wall or the position near the upper end surface.
  • Sheet stopper attached to the inner side surface of the vertical frame member 161 of 155 The wall panel 155 is arranged upright so as to be inserted into the opening 171c of the joiner 171, and the seat stopper attached to the outer surface of the vertical frame member 161 in the wall panel 155.
  • the gap between the two wall panels 155 is covered with the cover portion 177a of the panel presser joiner 177 so as to insert one insertion portion 177b of the panel presser joiner 177 into the opening 171c of the panel presser joiner 177, and from the top of the panel presser joiner 177.
  • the wall panel 155 is fixed by screwing the screw bolt 181 into the furring strip 149 to fix the panel retainer joiner 177 to the furring strip 149.
  • the panel plate 150 used as the roof panel 151 or the wall panel 155 is limited to the case where the circumference of the polyethylene sheet 167 is fixed to the vertical frame material 161 or the horizontal frame material 163 by using the seat stopper joiner 171 or the seat holding spring 173.
  • the double-sided tape 152 may be used to fix the periphery of the polyethylene sheet 167 to the vertical frame material 161 and the horizontal frame material 163.
  • the polyethylene sheet 167 is stretched and attached to both the upper and lower sides of the vertical frame material 161 and the horizontal frame material 163 as the frame body by using double-sided tape 152, and the main building 147 and the body are used.
  • a connection pressing plate 157, an edge pressing plate 153, or the like is used.
  • the polyethylene sheet 167 is framed by the double-sided tape 152 so that the edge holding plate 153 is positioned at the position of the vertical frame member 161 of the roof panel 151 to be fixed to the purlin 147.
  • the roof panel 151 fixed to the roof panel 151 is placed, and the edge holding plate 153 is also placed at the position of the vertical frame member 161 on the outer surface (upper surface) of the roof panel 151, and each is placed on the vertical frame member 161.
  • the connection retainer plate 157 is placed on the two edge retainer plates 153 so as to cover the two edge retainer plates 153.
  • a fixing metal fitting 158 that further covers the connecting holding plate 157 is placed, and as shown in FIG. 14, the fixing metal fitting 158 and the connecting holding plate 157 are attached to the main building 147 with a screw bolt 181 via a packing 182 and a washer or the like.
  • the vertical frame material 161 which is the frame body of the roof panel 151 is fixed so as to be pressed by the connecting washer plate 157, and the joint portion of the two roof panels 151 adjacent to each other by the connecting washer plate 157 and the fixing hardware 158. It is covered with a rain cover to prevent rainwater from leaking.
  • a vinyl sheet 133 having the upper end inserted inside the lower end of the wall panel 155 is attached, and the vinyl sheet 133 is placed around the peripheral wall of the house.
  • a groove was formed on the ground surface 110 around the house that was spread and backfilled on the ground surface 110, and the upper end was covered with a vinyl sheet 133 fixed to the lower end of the wall panel 155 so as to cover the groove around the house.
  • a drainage ditch 131 is formed to prevent rainwater or the like from penetrating the ground in the immediate vicinity of the house.
  • the ridge part where the roof panels 151 are butted from the left and right is covered with a ridge retainer 185 made of colored iron plates or the like to cover the gap between the left and right roofs. Then, the upper surface of the compaction floor 121 and the inner surface of the basket wall are covered with a protective sheet 129 to form an agricultural house.
  • the semi-underground agricultural house 100 described above is constructed of wood base 141, columns 143, beams 145, purlins 147, etc., but as shown in FIG. 15, the columns 193 and columns are made of steel pipes. In some cases, beams 195, purlins 197, etc. are assembled.
  • a strut fixture is embedded inside the basket 125 to be arranged at the uppermost stage of the basket wall, the protruding portion 191 of the strut fixture is projected from the upper surface net 202, and the protruding portion protruding from the upper surface of the uppermost basket 125.
  • the pipe column 193 is securely fixed to the base basket wall and stands, and the pipe beam 195 is extended inward from the upper end of the pipe column 193.
  • the roof is reinforced by providing a brace 196 between the pipe beam 195 and the pipe column 193.
  • the J-hook bolt 183 that fixes the roof panel 151 to the pipe main building 197 and the wall panel 155 to the pipe furring strip 199 locks the hook portion of the J-hook bolt 183 to the pipe as shown in FIG.
  • the nut 184 is screwed onto the head of the J-hook bolt 183 to fix the panel retainer joiner 177 to the pipe main house 197, and the insertion portion 177b of the panel retainer joiner 177 is inserted into the roof panel 151. Insert it into the opening 171c of the seat stopper joiner 171 attached to the upper surface, and insert the standing wall portion 175b of the panel receiving joiner 175 into the opening 171c of the seat stopper joiner 171 attached to the lower surface of the roof panel 151. Then, the panel retainer joiner 177 is fixed to the pipe main building 197 with nuts 184 to connect the roof panel 151.
  • the J-hook bolt 183 that fixes the wall panel 155 to the pipe furring strip 199 is such that the hook portion of the J-hook bolt 183 is locked to the pipe furring strip 199 and the nut 184 is attached to the J-hook bolt 183.
  • the panel retainer joiner 177 is screwed to the head to be fixed to the pipe furring strip 199, and the seat stopper joiner 171 in which the insertion portion 177b of the panel retainer joiner 177 is attached to the outer surface of the wall panel 155. Insert the packing 182, washer, etc.
  • the panel retainer joiner 177 is fixed to the pipe furring strip 199 with a nut 184 via a nut 184 to connect the wall panel 155.
  • the edge pressing plate 153 and the connecting pressing plate 157 or fixing are used instead of the panel receiving joiner 175 or the panel pressing joiner 177.
  • the panel plate 150 to be the roof panel 151 and the wall panel 155 is fixed to the pipe purlin 197 and the pipe furring strip 199 by using the hardware 158 and the J-hook bolt 183 and the nut 184.
  • the above-mentioned agricultural house 100 is a single building with a width of about 7 m and a length of about 50 m, but it may be a large house with a width of about a dozen m as a multi-story house.
  • a flat depression bottom 115 is formed by digging a ground surface 110 in a range of several meters wider in each direction from the front, back, left and right of the house site by about 1.5 m to 2 m, and a basket 125 is placed on the depression bottom 115.
  • a basket wall is formed so as to be stacked, and a cold / hot water pipe 127 is arranged on the bottom 115 of the depression inside the basket wall to form a compaction floor 121, and a cold / hot water pipe 127 is also arranged on the inner surface of the basket wall to form a basket wall.
  • a base 141 should be provided on the upper surface of the basket wall, columns 143 should be erected, beams 145, main building 147, and furring strip 149 should be assembled, and roof panels 151 and wall panels 155 should be attached to form a wooden house. Is the same as the single-building type agricultural house 100 shown in FIG. 1 and the like.
  • the part connecting the ridges is a wall body made of a basket 125, and an intermediate support 144 standing on the wall body.
  • the agricultural house 100 is made by connecting multiple buildings in succession, omitting the labor and materials required to construct the agricultural house 100. It is a thing.
  • the basket wall that supports the intermediate support 144 is set to only one stage without stacking the baskets 125, and is lower than the basket wall as the surrounding wall in the multi-story agricultural house 100, or the basket wall is omitted. Sometimes.
  • a valley tub 186 is provided at the connection portion of the roof panel 151, which is the connection portion between the ridges supported by the intermediate columns 144, to prevent water leakage from the roof, which is the same as that of a normal house roof. Is.
  • the multi-building type agricultural house 100 shown in FIG. 17 is a wooden type agricultural house 100, and as shown in FIG. 18, even if it is a pipe house using steel pipes, the multi-building type agriculture It may be used as a house 100, and the space inside the house is communicated at the part of the intermediate pipe column 194.
  • a basket wall is constructed by leveling the ground surface 110 without digging down and stacking baskets 125. It may be a general ground-based agricultural house 100.
  • the ground surface 110 is leveled to make a house site, baskets 125 are stacked around this site to construct a basket wall, and cold / hot water pipes 127 are arranged on the site inside the basket wall.
  • a compaction floor 121 is formed by covering the cold / hot water pipe 127 with earth and stone, etc., a cold / hot water pipe 127 is also provided on the inner surface of the basket wall, and the inside of the compaction floor 121 and the basket wall is covered with a protective sheet 129.
  • a main building 147 is attached to the beam 145, and a furring strip 149 is attached to the support 143 to attach a roof. Further attaching the panel 151 and the wall panel 155 to make the wooden house agricultural house 100 is the same as the above-mentioned semi-underground agricultural house 100.
  • the pipe-made agricultural house 100 which is a normal above-ground type house, when the columns are erected, as shown in FIG. 20, the pipe columns 193 are erected on the outside of the basket wall so as to be fixed, and the pipe beams 195. , Brace 196, pipe main house 197, pipe furring strip 199, and roof panel 151 and wall panel 155 are attached to build an agricultural house 100 as a pipe house.
  • the pipe column 193 is fixed to the outside of the basket wall so as to stand up from the ground surface 110, so that the pipe column 193 is fixed to the side surface of the basket 125 having six surfaces formed of steel nets. It is easily possible to securely fix the wall to the basket wall, which is the base wall body, in an upright state.
  • a dividing material 223 is attached to the outside of the basket wall, and the space between the separating materials 223 is filled with a heat insulating material 221 such as urethane foam to form a heat insulating material layer.
  • the outer surface of the wall body is formed by fixing the plywood 225 to the partition member 223 on the outside of the heat insulating material layer, and in the case of the pipe house, the pipe column 193 and the partition are formed as shown in FIG.
  • a plywood base material 227 is provided on the outside of the heat insulating material 221 arranged between the materials 223, and the plywood 225 is attached to the plywood base material 227 to form the outer surface of the wall body.
  • the upper end of the vinyl sheet 133 was sandwiched between the lower ends of the wall panel 155 having a translucent wall surface, but instead of this vinyl sheet 133, the upper end of the draining plate 229 made of a steel plate was sandwiched.
  • the heat insulating layer and the upper end of the plywood 225 shall be covered with the draining plate 229.
  • the upper end of the vinyl sheet 133 is sandwiched inside the lower end of the plywood 225 as the outer surface of the wall body, and the drainage groove 131 by the vinyl sheet 133 is formed along the lower outer circumference of the wall body for semi-underground agriculture. Similar to House 100.
  • a rollable vinyl sheet may be provided at the upper end of the basket wall as a roll-up sheet 235 without providing a heat insulating material layer, plywood 225, or the like on the outer portion of the wall body. ..
  • the winding sheet 235 is wound up to give air permeability to the basket wall at high temperatures such as in summer, and in winter and the like, as shown in FIG. 23.
  • a heat insulating board 237 such as urethane foam or expanded polystyrene foam is attached, and the winding sheet 235 is lowered so as to cover the outer surface of the heat insulating board 237 with the winding sheet 235.
  • a water sprinkler pipe 231 may be provided at the upper end or the vicinity of the upper end of the basket wall in the house, and it is possible to sprinkle water to moisten the basket wall in summer or the like. is there.
  • the above-mentioned semi-underground type and above-ground type agricultural house 100 is constructed on a flat land, but such an agricultural house 100 may be constructed on a slope.
  • the mountain side of the house site is dug down about 2 m from the slope
  • the valley side is dug down to an appropriate depth such as several tens of cm according to the slope, or the valley side is dug down without digging down.
  • a horizontal depression bottom 115 is formed and leveled
  • the mountain side is a basket wall slightly higher than the ground surface 110 of the slope
  • the valley side is the basket from the slope 110.
  • a dimming curtain 138 may be installed on the roof. That is, as shown in FIG. 24, a bracket 135 made of iron or the like is attached near the upper end of the support column 143, such as the upper end of the left and right support columns 143 or the eaves side end of the beam 145 in the agricultural house 100, and the dimming curtain is rolled up.
  • the 138 can be stored and supported by the bracket 135, and the support bracket 136 is erected in the center of the roof, and a plurality of wires 137 are stretched between the support bracket 136 and the left and right brackets 135 to be stored in the bracket 135.
  • the light curtain 138 is pulled out as needed so that the light dimming curtain 138 can be supported above the roof by the wire 137 so that the upper part of the roof panel 151 can be covered by the light control curtain 138. It is a thing.
  • the agricultural greenhouse 100 is a greenhouse in which the roof and the wall surface are formed of a transparent panel plate 150, and the sunlight can be effectively used to fill the roof and the earth and stones. Since the roof and wall surface of the panel board 150 are formed by extending the wooden support 143 of about 1 m from the upper end of the wall body in which the basket 125 is piled up to a height of about 1.5 m, it is easy to construct like a simple house. Moreover, it is possible to make an agricultural greenhouse 100 having a strong wall surface and a ceiling by a panel plate 150 on the foundation of a wall body made of solid earth and stone.
  • connection between the pipe beam 195 and the pipe column 193 is reinforced by using a brace 196, and the lower end or the vicinity of the lower end of the pipe column 193 is reinforced. Since it is fixed to the basket wall using bolts or the like, it can be used as a greenhouse as a robust agricultural house 100.
  • the steel net basket 125 filled with earth and stones can be handled much easier than rock blocks in work such as stacking, and the lower half of the peripheral wall of the house is constructed with earth and stones, so day and night It is possible to make a greenhouse that reduces the influence of temperature changes and stabilizes it by geothermal heat or the like to keep the temperature inside the house at an appropriate temperature.
  • the agricultural greenhouse 100 by providing the cold / hot water pipe 127 on the floor surface or the wall surface, hot water is circulated to the cold / hot water pipe 127 when the temperature inside the house is low, and cold water is circulated to the cold / hot water pipe 127 when the temperature inside the house is high.
  • the temperature inside the greenhouse can be easily adjusted, and the agricultural greenhouse 100 suitable for year-round cultivation of agricultural products can be obtained.
  • the basket 125 filled with the earth and stones should be created near the house construction site by using the earth and stones in which the tuff debris etc. are mixed in the soil around the house.
  • each ridge portion of the basket 125 with a reinforcing angle 210 made of stainless steel or a steel material or a frame, the shape of the basket 125 can be more reliably maintained in a rectangular parallelepiped, and the rectangular parallelepiped baskets 125 can be stacked. Since the wall body can be constructed more easily and the six sides of the basket 125 are formed of steel nets, the earth and stones filled in the basket can be made breathable.
  • the roof can be covered with a dimming curtain 138, it will be easy to adjust the amount of sunlight incident on the house and maintain the temperature inside the house appropriately. Is something that can be done.
  • the panel board 150 is a double sheet in which polyethylene sheets 167 are spread on both sides of the panel board 150, it can be used as a ceiling or wall surface having heat insulating properties, and as a strong greenhouse 100 as a robust agricultural house. Is something that can be done.
  • the lower half of the wall surface can be made into a breathable earth wall, and the inside of the house can be formed. It is possible to easily suppress the high temperature of the agricultural house 100, and it is possible to easily construct a strong agricultural house 100. Further, since the roof and the wall surface are constructed by constructing the columns 143 and the beams 145 on the basket wall and arranging the panel boards 150, the construction method can easily and quickly construct the agricultural house 100. Is.
  • the method of sequentially stacking the steel net baskets 125 filled with earth and stones is to construct the basket wall extremely easily using a small heavy machine or the like to construct the agricultural house 100 with the basket wall as the foundation part. It is a construction method that can be done.
  • the cold / hot water pipe 127 is arranged on the site inside the bucket wall and the earth and stones are sprayed and compacted to easily form the compaction bed 121 in which the cold / hot water pipe is embedded. Since the cold / hot water pipe 127 is arranged on the inner surface of the wall body using the steel net basket 125, the cold / hot water pipe 127 can be easily arranged and the temperature in the house can be easily and reliably controlled. This is a construction method that enables easy and quick construction of a house.
  • the flat ground is dug down to level the ground and the baskets 125 are stacked to build the bucket wall, it is a construction method that can easily build a semi-underground house with earth retaining by the basket wall.
  • the maximum depth is dug down to a depth approximately equal to the basket wall on a slope to form a site and a basket wall is formed, it is possible to easily construct a semi-underground agricultural house even on a slope. It is a construction method that can be done.
  • the agricultural house 100 is surrounded by a basket wall in which steel net baskets 127 filled with earth and stones are piled up, and columns 143 are erected on the basket walls to provide beams 147 to transmit light. Since the ceiling and wall surface are formed by the panel board with the property, it is easy to construct, and the indoor temperature change in the house can be suppressed to be small compared to the temperature difference between day and night, and the sunshine etc. can be suppressed. It is an agricultural house 100 such as a greenhouse that makes effective use of natural conditions, can save heating and cooling costs, can increase resistance to bad weather, etc., and makes good cultivation of agricultural products throughout the year.
  • the invention provides a construction method that makes it easy to construct this agricultural house 100.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Greenhouses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a pour but de fournir : une serre agricole (100) de telle sorte que les coûts de chauffage et de refroidissement et les changements de température entre le jour et la nuit puissent être réduits, que la résistance au mauvais temps puisse être améliorée, et que les cultures puissent pousser favorablement pendant toute l'année ; et son procédé de construction. La solution selon l'invention porte sur une serre agricole (100) qui est conçue de façon à être : entourée par une paroi de panier qui est disposée autour d'une surface de plancher rectangulaire, comprend un panier en filet d'acier (125) rempli de terre et de pierres, et a une hauteur de 1,5 m à légèrement moins de 2 m ; munie d'une pluralité de piquets de support (143) s'étendant sur légèrement plus de 1 m au-dessus de la paroi de panier et d'une pluralité de poutres (145) supportées au niveau des deux extrémités ou des parties à proximité des deux extrémités par les extrémités supérieures des piquets de support (143) le long des côtés gauche et droit correspondant aux côtés longs de la surface de plancher ; et munie d'un toit et de surfaces de paroi formées par la fixation de panneaux transparents (150) au-dessus des poutres et à l'extérieur des piquets de support.
PCT/JP2020/039242 2019-11-06 2020-10-19 Serre agricole et son procédé de construction WO2021090665A1 (fr)

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JP2019201249A JP6719792B1 (ja) 2019-11-06 2019-11-06 農業用ハウス及びその構築方法

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