WO2021087983A1 - 电动手推车 - Google Patents

电动手推车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021087983A1
WO2021087983A1 PCT/CN2019/116703 CN2019116703W WO2021087983A1 WO 2021087983 A1 WO2021087983 A1 WO 2021087983A1 CN 2019116703 W CN2019116703 W CN 2019116703W WO 2021087983 A1 WO2021087983 A1 WO 2021087983A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electric trolley
clutch
brake
switch
power
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/116703
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
安维维
李大政
Original Assignee
安维维
创科无线普通合伙
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 安维维, 创科无线普通合伙 filed Critical 安维维
Priority to EP19951958.8A priority Critical patent/EP4056453A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/116703 priority patent/WO2021087983A1/zh
Priority to US17/774,938 priority patent/US20220289263A1/en
Priority to CN201980097427.9A priority patent/CN113993764B/zh
Priority to AU2019473493A priority patent/AU2019473493A1/en
Priority to CA3157247A priority patent/CA3157247A1/en
Priority to MX2022005480A priority patent/MX2022005480A/es
Publication of WO2021087983A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021087983A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B1/00—Hand carts having only one axis carrying one or more transport wheels; Equipment therefor
    • B62B1/002—Hand carts having only one axis carrying one or more transport wheels; Equipment therefor convertible from a one-axled vehicle to a two-axled vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B5/00—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts
    • B62B5/0026—Propulsion aids
    • B62B5/0033—Electric motors
    • B62B5/0036—Arrangements of motors
    • B62B5/0046—One motor drives two wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B5/00—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts
    • B62B5/0026—Propulsion aids
    • B62B5/0033—Electric motors
    • B62B5/0053—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B5/00—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts
    • B62B5/0026—Propulsion aids
    • B62B5/0066—Transmission of movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B5/00—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts
    • B62B5/0026—Propulsion aids
    • B62B5/0069—Control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B5/00—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts
    • B62B5/04—Braking mechanisms; Locking devices against movement
    • B62B5/0438—Braking mechanisms; Locking devices against movement hand operated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B5/00—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts
    • B62B5/04—Braking mechanisms; Locking devices against movement
    • B62B2005/0471—Disk brakes

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of trolleys, and in particular to an electric trolley.
  • the trolley is a common means of transportation, which is widely used in all aspects of production and life, such as the storage industry and the construction industry.
  • Traditional manual carts rely on manpower to pull or push, labor intensity is high, and work efficiency is low.
  • the drive motor provides power to the trolley, and the clutch in the electric trolley is usually controlled by the drive motor to realize the conversion between electric and manual modes of the trolley.
  • the present disclosure provides an electric trolley.
  • the electric trolley includes a main body, a power device, a power device, and a control device installed on the main body, and the power device and the control device are respectively connected to the power device.
  • the main body includes a frame on which the power supply device, the power device, and the control device are installed, and a plurality of wheels that carry the frame.
  • the power device includes a driving device, a transmission device connected to the driving device, a clutch device connected to the transmission device, and a braking device, and the wheels are respectively connected to the transmission device and the brake device.
  • the driving device is connected, and the control device is respectively connected with the driving device and the braking device.
  • the brake device includes a brake clutch motor, a cam, a brake wire, a brake part, and a brake disc acting on at least one of the wheels, and the output shaft of the brake clutch motor is connected to the The cam is connected, the cam is connected to the brake part through the brake wire, and the clutch device is connected to the cam.
  • the clutch device includes a clutch lever, a clutch lever, and a clutch body.
  • One end of the clutch lever is connected to the cam, and the other end of the clutch lever is connected to one end of the clutch lever. Connected, the other end of the clutch lever is connected with the clutch body, and the clutch body is connected with the transmission device.
  • the transmission device is a differential transmission device.
  • the differential transmission device includes a primary transmission gear connected to the drive motor in the drive device, a secondary transmission gear meshed with the primary transmission gear, and one end mounted with the secondary transmission gear
  • the first rotating shaft of the gear, the second rotating shaft with one end connected to the other end of the first rotating shaft through the clutch device, the three-stage transmission gear mounted on the other end of the second rotating shaft, and the three-stage transmission gear The meshing four-stage transmission gear and the drive shaft on which the four-stage transmission gear is installed; wherein the two ends of the drive shaft are respectively installed with the wheels.
  • the transmission ratio of the differential transmission device is 1:3.
  • the power supply device includes an upper housing and a lower housing, the lower housing is fixedly mounted on the main body, and the upper housing and the lower housing are detachably connected.
  • a sealing ring is provided between the lower casing and the upper casing.
  • control device includes a controller for controlling the power device, and a switch device connected to the controller.
  • the switch device includes: a power membrane switch used to control the power on or off of the electric trolley, a brake switch, a motor adjustment switch used to adjust the operation of the motor when the power is turned on, and a motor adjustment switch used to control A membrane switch for adjusting the forward or backward direction of the electric trolley and a speed-regulating membrane switch for adjusting the moving speed of the electric trolley.
  • a handle is provided on the main body part, and the switch device is provided on the handle.
  • the power membrane switch is arranged on the end surface of the first end of the handle
  • the brake switch is arranged on the inner side of the first end
  • the motor adjustment switch is arranged on the first end of the handle.
  • the direction regulating membrane switch and the speed regulating membrane switch are arranged on the end surface of the second end.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an electric trolley according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of a perspective view of an electric trolley according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3 is a front view of an electric trolley according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4 is a rear view of an electric trolley according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 5 is a bottom view of an electric trolley according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6 is a top view of an electric trolley according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view of the bottom of the electric trolley according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 8 is a partial structural diagram 1 of an electric trolley according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 9 is a partial enlarged view of the interior of an electric trolley according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 10 is a second partial structural diagram of an electric trolley according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 11 is a partial oblique enlarged view of the inside of an electric trolley according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 12 is a partial structural diagram 3 of an electric trolley according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 13 is a partial enlarged view of a battery device of an electric trolley according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 14 is a partial enlarged view of the handle of the electric trolley according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a handle of an electric trolley according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electric trolley, which includes: a main body 1, a power supply device 9, a power device, and a control device.
  • the main body 1 includes a power device and a frame on which the control device is installed; the main body 1 may also include a plurality of wheels that carry the frame. 6, preferably 4 or more.
  • the wheel 6 may include two driving wheels 61 and two or more auxiliary wheels 62.
  • the electric trolley of the present disclosure can be changed between a folded state and an extended state.
  • the electric trolley When the electric trolley is in a folded state, the electric trolley can be placed vertically on the ground or other surfaces.
  • the driving wheel 61 of the wheel 6 is located at the lower part of the main body 1 and is in contact with the ground, while the auxiliary wheel 62 is located at the upper part of the main body 1 and is away from the ground.
  • the main body 1 further includes a support plate 10 that extends horizontally when the electric trolley is in a folded state, and is used to work with the driving wheels 61 so that the electric trolley can be placed vertically on the ground or other surfaces.
  • the support plate 10 can be used to assist in fixing the loaded goods when the electric trolley is in the unfolded state.
  • the auxiliary frame 12 is provided with a fixed shaft 14 for coupling with the main frame 11, and the main frame 11 is provided with a storage and fixing device for accommodating and fixing the auxiliary frame 12 and the fixed shaft 14,
  • the storage and fixing device includes a card slot 15, a one-way buckle 16 arranged in the card slot 15, and the one-way card
  • the unlocking device 17 connected to the buckle 16, in this way, the fixed shaft 14 is embedded in the slot 15, and the one-way buckle 16 restricts the fixed shaft 14 embedded in the slot 15 in the slot 15, thereby preventing electric The trolley unfolded unexpectedly.
  • the operator can first loosen the connector 13, then press the unlocking device 17, open the one-way buckle 16, and pull out the fixed shaft 14 embedded in the slot 15 ,
  • the auxiliary frame 12 is pulled out.
  • the connecting member 13 slides down along the auxiliary frame 12 to drive the main frame 11 to extend, and finally the auxiliary wheel 62 and the driving wheel 61 are in contact with the ground at the same time, and the auxiliary frame 12 Standing on the ground, the main frame 11 is parallel to the ground, and then the connecting piece 13 is locked to prevent accidental folding of the electric trolley, and then the main frame 11 is used to load items.
  • the power device includes a driving device 3, a transmission device 4, a clutch device 5 and a braking device 7. It can be seen from the following that the above-mentioned devices can share part of the structure. Therefore, the present disclosure does not intend to limit the above-mentioned devices to completely independent parts.
  • the brake device 7 includes a brake disc 75 mounted to the axle, and brake The disc 75 is coupled to the brake part 74 capable of braking it, the brake clutch motor 71, the cam 72 that is coupled to the output shaft of the brake clutch motor, and the brake part 74 and the brake clutch motor 71 connected between the brake part 74 and the brake clutch motor 71.
  • the brake line 73 is coupled to the brake part 74 capable of braking it, the brake clutch motor 71, the cam 72 that is coupled to the output shaft of the brake clutch motor, and the brake part 74 and the brake clutch motor 71 connected between the brake part 74 and the brake clutch motor 71.
  • the brake clutch motor 71 receives the brake signal and is actuated in the first direction, the cam 72 pulls the brake wire 73, which in turn drives the brake portion 74 to act on the brake disc 75, thereby The braking of the driving wheels 61 is realized.
  • the brake clutch motor 71 receives the brake signal and is actuated in the first direction
  • the cam 72 pulls the brake wire 73, which in turn drives the brake portion 74 to act on the brake disc 75, thereby The braking of the driving wheels 61 is realized.
  • the clutch device 5 includes one end and The clutch lever 51 connected to the cam 72 in the brake device 7, the clutch lever 52 pivotally connected to the other end of the clutch lever 51, and the clutch body 53 connected to the clutch lever 52, the clutch body 53 and the transmission device 4 Connected.
  • the brake clutch motor 71 receives the brake signal and is actuated in the first direction, not only can the brake wire 73 be pulled by the cam 72 to brake the driving wheel 61, but it can also be pulled by the cam 72.
  • the clutch lever 51 connected to it moves so that the clutch lever 52 pivotally connected to the clutch lever 51 drives the components of the clutch body 53 to rotate, disconnects the clutch body 53 and disconnects the power transmission of the drive motor 31 to the driving wheels 61. Realize the control of the clutch device while braking.
  • the present disclosure preferably realizes the braking of the driving wheels 61 at the same time or after the clutch body 53 is disconnected. The best braking effect, while reducing the braking loss of the electric trolley.
  • the transmission device 4 is a differential transmission device.
  • the transmission device 4 is a differential transmission device.
  • the size of the transmission device 4 can be reduced, and the transmission device 4, and can realize the speed difference of the inner and outer wheels when the electric trolley turns, so as to realize smooth turning.
  • the differential transmission device also has the advantages of large transmission ratio range and high efficiency, which can effectively improve the running performance of the electric trolley.
  • the differential transmission device includes a first-stage transmission gear 41, two The stage transmission gear 42, the first rotation shaft 43, the second rotation shaft 44, the third stage transmission gear 45, the fourth stage transmission gear 46, and the drive shaft 47.
  • the primary transmission gear 41 is connected to the drive motor 31 in the drive unit 3, and the primary transmission gear 41 is meshed with the secondary transmission gear 42, and the secondary transmission gear 42 is mounted on one end of the first rotating shaft 43, The other end of the rotating shaft 43 is connected to one end of the second rotating shaft 44 through the clutch device 5 (the clutch body 53 in the clutch device 5).
  • the other end of the second rotating shaft 44 is equipped with a three-stage transmission gear 45.
  • the three-stage transmission gear 45 It meshes with the fourth-stage transmission gear 46, and the fourth-stage transmission gear 46 is mounted on the drive shaft 47, wherein the two ends of the drive shaft 47 are respectively mounted with drive wheels 61.
  • the driving motor 31 when the power is turned on and the electric trolley is in the electric mode, the driving motor 31 is turned on, and the driving motor 31 drives the first-stage transmission gear 41 to rotate.
  • the second-stage transmission gear 42 meshed with the first-stage transmission gear and the first rotating shaft 43.
  • the transmission ratio of the above-mentioned differential transmission part may be 1:3.
  • the power supply device 9 is installed on the main frame 11 of the main body 1, and the power supply device 9 is connected to the driving device 3 and the braking device 7, respectively, for driving
  • the drive motor 31 in the device 3 and the brake clutch motor 71 in the brake device 7 provide electrical energy.
  • an external plug can also be provided on the main body 1 of the electric trolley, and the electric trolley can be powered by an external power source.
  • the power supply device 9 includes an upper casing 91 and a lower casing 92 that are detachably connected, wherein only the lower casing 91 is fixedly installed on the main body 1, and the power supply device 9
  • the battery in is arranged in a cavity formed by the upper casing and the lower casing, and the battery may be a storage battery or the like. Therefore, when the battery in the power supply device 9 needs to be repaired and replaced, the worker only needs to open the upper casing 91 to perform the repair and replacement of the battery without disassembling the entire power supply device 9.
  • the sealing ring may be a rubber sealing ring made of a soft material to further improve the sealing performance of the power supply device 9.
  • the control device includes a controller (such as a control circuit, etc.) for controlling the aforementioned power device, and a switch device 8 connected to the controller.
  • the switch device 8 can provide the function of a power switch to turn on or off the power of the electric trolley, provide the function of adjusting the operation of the motor, adjust the speed of the motor, and provide the function of starting or closing the brake device.
  • the switch device 8 can also be used to provide the function of adjusting the moving speed and/or moving direction, so as to adjust the moving speed and moving direction of the electric trolley.
  • the power can be turned on through the switch device 8 and the controller and the drive device 3 and the brake device 7 can be turned on.
  • the clutch body 53 is in the engaged state, and the power output by the drive device 3 can be transmitted through the transmission device 4.
  • the brake kinetic energy is activated through the switch device 8, that is, the brake signal is sent to the brake device 7 through the switch device 8 and the controller.
  • the brake clutch motor 71 receives the brake signal, the brake clutch motor is braked. 71 is actuated in the first direction.
  • the cam 72 pulls the brake wire 73 to brake the driving wheels 61
  • the cam 72 pulls the clutch lever 51 connected to it to move, causing it to move with the clutch lever. 51.
  • the pivoted clutch lever 52 drives the components of the clutch body 53 to rotate, disconnecting the clutch body 53, and disconnecting the power transmission from the drive motor 31 to the driving wheels 61, so that the electric trolley stops moving.
  • the electric trolley is automatically stopped, which improves the braking force and stability of the electric trolley when braking, and greatly improves the braking safety when the electric trolley is loaded with heavier objects.
  • the electric trolley disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure can realize simple switching of three working modes: (1) Freewheel mode. When the power is turned off, the driving device 3 and the braking device 7 are not operated, and the electric trolley It can be pushed freely and is in a traditional manual drive state; (2) In electric mode, the power is turned on, and the drive motor 31 in the drive device 3 and the brake clutch motor 71 in the brake device 7 are turned on through the switch device 8 and the controller. But at this time, the brake clutch motor 71 does not receive a brake signal, the brake 74 does not act on the brake disc 75, the clutch body 53 in the clutch device 5 is in an engaged state, and the power transmitted by the drive motor 31 passes through the clutch body 53.
  • the transmission device 4 is transmitted to the driving wheel 61 to drive the electric trolley to move; (3)
  • the brake signal is sent to the brake clutch motor 71, and the brake clutch motor 71 receives the brake.
  • the cam 72 pulls the brake wire 73, and the brake wire 73 in turn drives the brake portion 74 to act on the brake disc 75, so as to brake the driving wheel 61.
  • the cam 72 The clutch lever 51 connected to it is pulled to move, the clutch lever 51 drives the pivotally connected clutch lever 52 to move, so that the components of the clutch body 53 are rotated, the clutch is disconnected, and the clutch device is controlled while braking.
  • the controller may include a processor for supporting the control device to perform the conversion of the working mode of the electric trolley, a storage unit for storing the program code of the control device, and the like.
  • the processor may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) Or other programmable logic devices, etc.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.
  • the switch device 8 may include: a power membrane switch 81 and a brake switch 82 for controlling the power on or off of the electric trolley ,
  • the motor adjustment switch 83 is used to adjust the operation of the motor
  • the direction adjustment membrane switch 84 is used to control the forward or backward direction of the electric trolley
  • the speed adjustment membrane switch 85 is used to adjust the movement speed of the electric trolley.
  • the operator can turn on the power membrane switch 81 and the motor adjustment switch 83, start the drive motor 31 and the brake clutch motor 71, and then brake the clutch motor 71 does not receive a braking signal, so the braking part 74 does not work, the driving motor 31 transmits power to the transmission device 4, and the power is transmitted to the driving wheels 61 through the transmission device 4 and the engaged clutch body 53 to drive the electric trolley to move.
  • the user can adjust the speed of the electric trolley through the motor adjustment switch 83 and the speed-regulating membrane switch 85 according to requirements.
  • the electric trolley can also be moved forward by adjusting the direction of the membrane switch 84. Or go back.
  • the user can press the brake switch 82, and send a brake signal to the brake clutch motor 71 through the controller, and the brake clutch motor 71 receives the brake signal.
  • the power is transmitted to the cam 72.
  • the brake wire 73 drives the braking portion 74 to act.
  • the clutch lever 51 drives the clutch lever 52 pivotally connected to it to move, causing the clutch body 53 to move. The component rotates and the clutch is disconnected, so that the trolley is braked and stopped from moving and cannot be pushed. After turning off the power through the power membrane switch 81, the user can safely unload the goods on the electric trolley.
  • the above-mentioned switch device 8 can be arranged on the handle 2 to facilitate the staff to operate at any time during the process of using the electric trolley.
  • the above-mentioned switch device 8 can be arranged on the grip part of the handle 2 to further facilitate the operation of the staff.
  • the power membrane switch 81 is provided on the end surface of the first end of the handle 2, and the brake switch 82 is provided on the end surface of the first end.
  • the motor adjustment switch 83 is arranged on the inner side of the second end of the handle 2, and the direction adjustment membrane switch 84 and the speed adjustment membrane switch 85 are arranged on the end surface of the second end. In this way, during the use of the electric trolley, The staff can turn on or off each switch at any time as needed, which is easy to operate.
  • specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in an appropriate manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Dry Shavers And Clippers (AREA)
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Abstract

一种电动手推车，包括：主体部（1）、安装在主体部（1）上的电源装置（9）、动力装置及控制装置，电源装置（9）和控制装置分别与动力装置相连。

Description

电动手推车 技术领域
本公开涉及手推车技术领域，尤其涉及一种电动手推车。
背景技术
手推车是一种常见的运输工具，被广泛应用于生产生活的各个方面，例如，仓储行业、建筑行业等。传统手动推车，依靠人力拉动或推动，劳动强度大，工作效率低。由此电动手推车应运而生，通过驱动电机为手推车提供动力，通常通过驱动电机控制电动手推车里的离合器，实现手推车的电动和手动模式的转换。
然而，目前的电动手推车中，通常采用需要人力启动的机械制动器，制动时间较长，且制动力较小，这就导致当电动手推车装载较重物品时，制动时电动手推车的安全性较差。
发明内容
本公开提供一种电动手推车。所述电动手推车包括：主体部、安装在所述主体部上的电源装置、动力装置及控制装置，所述电源装置和所述控制装置分别与所述动力装置相连。
可选地，所述主体部包括安装有所述电源装置、所述动力装置及所述控制装置的框架，以及承载所述框架的多个车轮。
进一步可选地，所述动力装置包括驱动装置、与所述驱动装置相连的传动装置、与所述传动装置相连的离合装置以及制动装置，所述车轮分别与所述传动装置和所述制动装置相连，所述控制装置分别与所述驱动装置和所述制动装置相连。
进一步可选地，所述制动装置包括制动离合马达、凸轮、制动线、制动部及作用在至少一个所述车轮上的刹车盘，所述制动离合马达的输出轴与所述凸轮相连，所述凸轮通过所述制动线与所述制动部相连，所述离合装置与 所述凸轮相连。
进一步可选地，所述离合装置包括离合器控制杆、离合器拨杆和离合器主体，所述离合器控制杆的一端与所述凸轮相连，所述离合器控制杆的另一端与所述离合器拨杆的一端相连，所述离合器拨杆的另一端与所述离合器主体相连，所述离合器主体与所述传动装置相连。
可选地，传动装置为差动传动装置。
进一步可选地，所述差动传动装置包括与所述驱动装置中的驱动马达相连的一级传动齿轮、与所述一级传动齿轮啮合的二级传动齿轮、一端安装有所述二级传动齿轮的第一转轴、一端通过所述离合装置与所述第一转轴的另一端相连的第二转轴，安装在所述第二转轴的另一端的三级传动齿轮、与所述三级传动齿轮啮合的四级传动齿轮、以及安装有所述四级传动齿轮的驱动轴；其中，所述驱动轴的两端分别安装有所述车轮。
可选地，所述差动传动装置的传动比为1：3。
可选地，所述电源装置包括上壳体和下壳体，所述下壳体固定安装在所述主体部上，所述上壳体与所述下壳体可拆卸连接。
进一步可选地，在所述下壳体与所述上壳体之间设置有密封圈。
可选地，所述控制装置包括用于控制所述动力装置的控制器，以及与所述控制器相连的开关装置。
进一步可选地，所述开关装置包括：用于控制所述电动手推车的电源开启或关闭的电源薄膜开关、制动开关、用于在电源开启时，调节马达运行的马达调节开关、用于控制所述电动手推车前进或后退的方向调节薄膜开关和用于调节所述电动手推车运动速度的调速薄膜开关。
进一步可选地，所述主体部上设置有手柄，所述开关装置设置在所述手柄上。
进一步可选地，所述电源薄膜开关设置在所述手柄的第一端的端面上，所述制动开关设置在所述第一端的内侧，所述马达调节开关设置在所述手柄的第二端的内侧上，所述方向调节薄膜开关和所述调速薄膜开关设置在所述 第二端的端面上。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开中的技术方案，下面将对本公开一些实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为根据本公开的一些实施例的一种电动手推车的立体图；
图2为根据本公开的一些实施例的一种电动手推车的立体图的局部放大图；
图3为根据本公开的一些实施例的一种电动手推车的主视图；
图4为根据本公开的一些实施例的一种电动手推车的后视图；
图5为根据本公开的一些实施例的一种电动手推车的仰视图；
图6为根据本公开的一些实施例的一种电动手推车的俯视图；
图7为根据本公开的一些实施例的电动手推车的底部的局部放大图；
图8为根据本公开的一些实施例的电动手推车局部结构示意图一；
图9为根据本公开的一些实施例的电动手推车的内部的局部放大图；
图10为根据本公开的一些实施例的电动手推车的局部结构示意图二；
图11为根据本公开的一些实施例的电动手推车的内部的局部斜视放大图；
图12为根据本公开的一些实施例的电动手推车的局部结构示意图三；
图13为根据本公开的一些实施例的电动手推车的电池装置的局部放大图；
图14为根据本公开的一些实施例的电动手推车的手柄的局部放大图；
图15为根据本公开的一些实施例的电动手推车的手柄的结构示意图。
附图标记：
1-主体部；        2-手柄；              3-驱动装置；
31-驱动马达；      4-传动装置；           41-一级传动齿轮；
42-二级传动齿轮；  43-第一转轴；          44-第二转轴；
45-三级传动齿轮；  46-四级传动齿轮；      47-驱动轴；
5-离合装置；       51-离合器控制杆；      52-离合器拨杆；
53-离合器主体；    6-车轮；               61-驱动车轮；
62-辅助车轮；      7-制动装置；           71-制动离合马达；
72-凸轮；          73-制动线；            74-制动部；
75-刹车盘；        8-开关装置；           81-电源薄膜开关；
82-制动开关；      83-马达调节开关；      84-方向调节薄膜开关；
85-调速薄膜开关；  9-电源装置；           91-上壳体；
92-下壳体；        10-支撑架；            11-主车架；
12-辅助车架；      13-连接件；            14-固定轴；
15-卡槽；          16-单向卡扣。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本公开的一些实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开所提供的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
需要说明的是，在对装置及部件结构的描述中，所使用的术语诸如“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或部件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对公开的限制。
下面结合具体实施例阐述本公开提供的电动手推车。
如图1～15所示，本公开的一个实施例提供一种电动手推车，包括：主体 部1、电源装置9、动力装置以及控制装置。
示例性地，如图1～6所示，在本公开的部分实施例中，主体部1包括动力装置以及控制装置安装于其上的框架；主体部1还可包括承载该框架的多个车轮6，优选为4个或更多个。在本公开的部分实施例中，车轮6可包括2个驱动车轮61和2个及2个以上辅助车轮62。
在本公开的部分实施例中，本公开的电动手推车可在折叠状态和伸展状态之间变换。
当电动手推车处于折叠状态时，电动手推车可竖直地放置在地面或其他表面上。此时车轮6中的驱动车轮61位于主体部1的下部与地面接触，而辅助车轮62位于主体部1的上部远离地面。在本公开的部分实施例中，主体部1还包括当电动手推车处于折叠状态时水平地延伸的支撑板10，用于和驱动车轮61一起使得电动手推车可竖直地放置在地面或其他表面上。该支撑板10当电动手推车处于展开状态时可用于辅助固定装载的货物。
示例性地，如图1～2所示，当电动手推车处于折叠状态时，主体部1的主车架11处于竖直的直立状态，设置有辅助车轮62和手柄2的辅助车架12也处于竖直状态，主车架11与辅助车架12通过连接件13连接，该连接件13处于锁紧状态，辅助车架12上设置有用于与主车架11结合的固定轴14，主车架11上设置有用于收纳固定辅助车架12与固定轴14相配合的收纳固定装置，该收纳固定装置包括卡槽15、设置在卡槽15内的单向卡扣16，以及与该单向卡扣16相连的解锁装置17，这样一来，固定轴14卡嵌在卡槽15里，单向卡扣16将卡嵌在卡槽15里的固定轴14限定在卡槽15里，从而防止电动手推车意外展开。
在将折叠状态的电动手推车切换到伸展状态时，操作人员可先松开连接件13，然后通过按压解锁装置17，打开单向卡扣16，拉出卡嵌在卡槽15里的固定轴14，从而将辅助车架12拉出，此时，连接件13延辅助车架12向下 滑动，带动主车架11伸展，最终使辅助车轮62和驱动车轮61同时与地面接触，辅助车架12直立在地面上，主车架11与地面平行，然后锁紧连接件13，防止电动手推车意外折叠，进而利用主车架11装载物品。
在本公开的部分实施例中，动力装置包括驱动装置3、传动装置4、离合装置5以及制动装置7。从下文可见，上述装置可共享部分结构。因此，本公开并不意图将上述装置限定为各自完全独立的部分。
优选为每个驱动车轮61均提供一组制动装置7，以达到更好的制动效果。但也可以只为其中一个或多个驱动车轮61提供相应的制动装置7。从图7和图8(图8中，为更清楚地示出一个制动装置7而省略了其他不相关的部件)中可见，该制动装置7包含安装至轮轴的刹车盘75、与刹车盘75耦合能够对其进行制动的制动部74、制动离合马达71，接合到制动离合马达的输出轴的凸轮72，以及连接在制动部74与制动离合马达71之间的制动线73。由此，当制动离合马达71接收到制动信号从而沿第一方向致动时，凸轮72牵拉制动线73，该制动线73进而驱动制动部74作用到刹车盘75，从而实现对驱动车轮61的制动。在存在多个制动装置7的情况下，依然可以只采用一个制动离合马达71来同时驱动多条制动线73。
如图9和图10(图10中，为了更清楚的示出离合装置5的结构而省略了一些其他不相关的部件)所示，在本公开的部分实施例中，离合装置5包括一端与制动装置7中的凸轮72相连的离合器控制杆51、与该离合器控制杆51的另一端枢接的离合器拨杆52，以及接合到离合器拨杆52的离合器主体53，离合器主体53与传动装置4相连。这样一来，当制动离合马达71接收到制动信号从而沿第一方向致动时，不仅可以通过凸轮72牵拉制动线73以对驱动车轮61进行制动，还可以通过凸轮72牵引与其相连的离合器控制杆51运动，使与离合器控制杆51枢接的离合器拨杆52带动离合器主体53的部件旋转，使离合器主体53断开，驱动马达31向驱动车轮61的动力传输断开，在制动的同时实现对离合装置的控制。
需要补充的是，在通过制动离合马达71驱动制动装置7和离合装置5的过程中，本公开优选在离合器主体53断开的同时或之后，实现对驱动车轮61的制动，以实现最好的制动效果，同时降低对电动手推车的制动损耗。
可选地，在本公开的部分实施例中，优选上述传动装置4为差动传动装置，通过将传动装置4设置为差动传动装置，不仅可以减小传动装置4的体积小，减轻传动装置4的重量，并且能够实现电动手推车转弯时，内外车轮的速度差，从而实现平稳转弯，此外差动传动装置还具有传动比范围大，效率高等优点，从而可以有效提高电动手推车的运行性能。
可选的，如图11和图12(图12中，为了更清楚的示出传动装置4的结构而省略了其他不相关的部件)所示，差动传动装置包括一级传动齿轮41、二级传动齿轮42、第一转轴43、第二转轴44、三级传动齿轮45、四级传动齿轮46、以及驱动轴47。
具体地，一级传动齿轮41与驱动部3中的驱动马达31相连，且一级传动齿轮41与二级传动齿轮42相啮合、二级传动齿轮42安装在第一转轴43的一端、第一转轴43的另一端通过离合装置5(离合装置5中的离合器主体53)与第二转轴44的一端相连，第二转轴44的另一端上安装有三级传动齿轮45，该三级传动齿轮45与四级传动齿轮46啮合，四级传动齿轮46安装在驱动轴47上，其中，驱动轴47的两端分别安装有驱动车轮61。
这样一来，当电源接通，电动手推车处于电动模式时，驱动马达31开启，驱动马达31驱动一级传动齿轮41转动，通过与该一级传动齿轮啮合的二级传动齿轮42、第一转轴43、连接第一转轴43和第二转轴44的离合部主体53、第二转轴44、三级传动齿轮45、与该三级传动齿轮啮合的四级传动齿轮46，将动力传输给驱动轴47，从而通过驱动轴47驱动安装在该驱动轴47两端的驱动车轮61运动，实现电动手推车的移动。
示例性的，在公开的部分实施例中，上述差动传动部的传动比可为1∶3。
在本公开的部分实施例中，如图4和图13所示，电源装置9安装在主体 部1的主车架11上，电源装置9分别与驱动装置3和制动装置7相连，为驱动装置3中的驱动马达31以及制动装置7中的制动离合马达71提供电能。
当然在另外一些实施例中，也可在电动手推车的主体部1上设置外接插头，通过外部电源给电动手推车供电。
可选地，如图4和图13所示，上述电源装置9包括可拆卸连接的上壳体91和下壳体92，其中，只有下壳体91固定安装在主体部1上，电源装置9中的电池设置在由上壳体和下壳体形成的腔体中，该电池可为蓄电池等。由此，当需要维修更换电源装置9中的电池时，工作人员只需打开上壳体91，即可进行电池的维修更换，无需将整个电源装置9拆卸下来。
此外，优选在下壳体91与上壳体92之间设置密封圈，以防止雨水等进入电源装置9的腔体内，损坏电池。示例性地，该密封圈可以为软质材料的橡胶密封圈，以进一步提高电源装置9的密封性能。
在本公开的部分实施例中，控制装置包括用于控制上述动力装置的控制器(例如控制电路等)、以及与该控制器相连的开关装置8。开关装置8可提供电源开关的功能，以开启或关闭电动手推车的电源，提供调节马达运行的功能，以调节马达的转速，以及提供启动或关闭制动装置的功能。此外，开关装置8还可用于提供调整移动速度和/或移动方向的功能，以调节电动手推车的移动速度和移动方向。
在使用上述电动手推车时，可以通过开关装置8和控制器开启电源并开启驱动装置3和制动装置7，此时，离合器主体53处于接合状态，驱动装置3输出的动力可通过传动装置4传输到驱动车轮61，以驱动电动手推车移动，驱使电动手推车移动到指定位置。到达指定位置之后，通过开关装置8，启动制动动能，即通过开关装置8和控制器向制动装置7发送制动信号，在制动离合马达71接收到制动信号后，制动离合马达71沿第一方向致动，一方面，凸轮72牵拉制动线73以对驱动车轮61进行制动，同时另一方面，凸轮72牵引与其相连的离合器控制杆51运动，使与离合器控制杆51枢接的离合器 拨杆52带动离合器主体53的部件旋转，使离合器主体53断开，驱动马达31向驱动车轮61的动力传输断开，使电动手推车停止移动，这样一来即可通过电动制动将电动手推车停下来，提高了电动手推车制动时的制动力及稳定性，大大提高了电动手推车装载较重物品时的制动安全性。
由上述结构可知，本公开的实施例公开的电动手推车可以实现三种工作模式的简单切换：(1)自由轮模式，当电源关闭时，驱动装置3和制动装置7均不运行，电动手推车可以自由推动，处于传统的手动驱动状态；(2)电动模式，电源接通，通过开关装置8和控制器开启驱动装置3中的驱动马达31以及制动装置7中的制动离合马达71，但此时制动离合马达71并未收到制动信号，制动部74未作用到刹车盘75，离合装置5中的离合器主体53处于接合状态，驱动马达31传输出的动力通过离合器主体53和传动装置4传到驱动车轮61，驱动电动手推车移动；(3)制动模式，通过开关装置8和控制器，向制动离合马达71发送制动信号，制动离合马达71接收到制动信号后，沿第一方向致动，凸轮72牵拉制动线73，该制动线73进而驱动制动部74作用到刹车盘75，从而实现对驱动车轮61的制动，同时，凸轮72牵引与其相连的离合器控制杆51运动，离合器控制杆51带动与其枢接的离合器拨杆52运动，使离合器主体53的部件旋转，离合器断开，在制动的同时实现对离合装置的控制。
需要补充的是，上述控制器可以包括用于支持控制装置执行上述电动手推车的工作模式转化的处理器以及用于存储上述控制装置的程序代码的存储单元等。示例性地，处理器可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件等。其中，通用处理器可以使微处理器或者任何常规的处理器等。
可选地，如图6和图14～15所示，在本公开的部分实施例中，开关装置8可包括：用于控制电动手推车的电源开启或关闭的电源薄膜开关81、制动开关82、用于在电源开启时，调节马达运行的马达调节开关83、用于控制电动 手推车前进或后退的方向调节薄膜开关84和用于调节电动手推车运动速度的调速薄膜开关85。
示例性地，当需要将电动手推车从自由轮模式转换为电动模式时，操作人员可打开电源薄膜开关81和马达调节开关83，启动驱动马达31和制动离合马达71，此时制动离合马达71并未接收到制动信号，因此制动部74不工作，驱动马达31向传动装置4传输动力，通过传动装置4和接合的离合器主体53将动力传输至驱动车轮61，驱动电动手推车移动。
示例性地，在电动手推车电动移动的过程中，用户可根据需求，通过马达调节开关83和调速薄膜开关85共同调节电动手推车运动速度，同时，也可通过方向调节薄膜开关84使电动手推车前进或后退。
当电动手推车到达目标位置，需要将电动移动中的电动手推车停下时，用户可按压制动开关82，通过控制器向制动离合马达71发送制动信号，在制动离合马达71接收到制动信号之后，向凸轮72传输动力，在凸轮72的作用下，制动线73带动制动部74作用的同时，离合器控制杆51带动与其枢接的离合器拨杆52运动，使离合器主体53的部件旋转，离合器断开，从而使手推车被制动，从移动中停止并无法被推动，通过电源薄膜开关81关闭电源之后，用户就可安全的将电动手推车上的货物进行卸载。
另外，上述开关装置8可设置在手柄2上，以方便工作人员在使用该电动手推车的过程中，随时操作。
优选地，上述开关装置8可设置在手柄2的握持部分上，以进一步方便工作人员操作。
示例性地，如图6和图14～15所示，在本公开的部分实施例中，电源薄膜开关81设置在手柄2的第一端的端面上，制动开关82设置在第一端的内侧，马达调节开关83设置在手柄2的第二端的内侧上，方向调节薄膜开关84和调速薄膜开关设85置在第二端的端面上，这样一来，在使用该电动手推车的过程中，工作人员可根据需要随时启动或关闭各个开关，便于操作。在上述实施方式的描述中，具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或 多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种电动手推车，包括：主体部(1)、安装在所述主体部(1)上的电源装置(9)、动力装置及控制装置，所述电源装置(9)和所述控制装置分别与所述动力装置相连。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电动手推车，其中，所述主体部(1)包括安装有所述电源装置(9)、所述动力装置及所述控制装置的框架，以及承载所述框架的多个车轮(6)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电动手推车，其中，所述动力装置包括驱动装置(3)、与所述驱动装置相连的传动装置(4)、与所述传动装置(4)相连的离合装置(5)以及制动装置(7)，所述车轮(6)分别与所述传动装置(4)和所述制动装置(7)相连，所述控制装置分别与所述驱动装置和所述制动装置相连。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电动手推车，其中，所述制动装置(7)包括制动离合马达(71)、凸轮(72)、制动线(73)、制动部(74)及作用在至少一个所述车轮(6)上的刹车盘(75)，所述制动离合马达(71)的输出轴与所述凸轮(72)相连，所述凸轮(72)通过所述制动线(73)与所述制动部(74)相连，所述离合装置(5)与所述凸轮(72)相连。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电动手推车，其中，所述离合装置(5)包括离合器控制杆(51)、离合器拨杆(52)和离合器主体(53)，所述离合器控制杆(51)的一端与所述凸轮(72)相连，所述离合器控制杆(51)的另一端与所述离合器拨杆(52)的一端相连，所述离合器拨杆(52)的另一端与所述离合器主体(53)相连，所述离合器主体(53)与所述传动装置(4)相连。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的电动手推车，其中，所述传动装置(4)为差动传动装置。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电动手推车，其中，所述差动传动装置包括与所述驱动装置(3)中的驱动马达(31)相连的一级传动齿轮(41)、与所述 一级传动齿轮(41)啮合的二级传动齿轮(42)、一端安装有所述二级传动齿轮(42)的第一转轴(43)、一端通过所述离合装置(5)与所述第一转轴(43)的另一端相连的第二转轴(44)，安装在所述第二转轴(44)的另一端的三级传动齿轮(45)、与所述三级传动齿轮(45)啮合的四级传动齿轮(46)、以及安装有所述四级传动齿轮(46)的驱动轴(47)；其中，所述驱动轴(47)的两端分别安装有所述车轮(6)。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的电动手推车，其中，所述差动传动装置的传动比为1∶3。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电动手推车，其中，所述电源装置(9)包括上壳体(91)和下壳体(92)，所述下壳体(92)固定安装在所述主体部(1)上，所述上壳体(91)与所述下壳体(92)可拆卸连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电动手推车，其中，在所述下壳体(92)与所述上壳体(91)之间设置有密封圈。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电动手推车，其中，所述控制装置包括用于控制所述动力装置的控制器，以及与所述控制器相连的开关装置(8)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电动手推车，其中，所述开关装置(8)包括：用于控制所述电动手推车的电源开启或关闭的电源薄膜开关(81)、制动开关(82)、用于在电源开启时，调节马达运行的马达调节开关(83)、用于控制所述电动手推车前进或后退的方向调节薄膜开关(84)和用于调节所述电动手推车运动速度的调速薄膜开关(85)。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电动手推车，其中，所述主体部(1)上设置有手柄(2)，所述开关装置(8)设置在所述手柄(2)上。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电动手推车，其中，所述电源薄膜开关(81)设置在所述手柄(2)的第一端的端面上，所述制动开关(82)设置在所述第一端的内侧，所述马达调节开关(83)设置在所述手柄(2)的第二端的内侧上，所述方向调节薄膜开关(84)和所述调速薄膜开关(85)设置在所述第二端的端面上。
PCT/CN2019/116703 2019-11-08 2019-11-08 电动手推车 WO2021087983A1 (zh)

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US17/774,938 US20220289263A1 (en) 2019-11-08 2019-11-08 Electric handcart
CN201980097427.9A CN113993764B (zh) 2019-11-08 2019-11-08 电动手推车
AU2019473493A AU2019473493A1 (en) 2019-11-08 2019-11-08 Electric handcart
CA3157247A CA3157247A1 (en) 2019-11-08 2019-11-08 Electric handcart
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