WO2016197433A1 - 一种双步扫雪机 - Google Patents

一种双步扫雪机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016197433A1
WO2016197433A1 PCT/CN2015/084737 CN2015084737W WO2016197433A1 WO 2016197433 A1 WO2016197433 A1 WO 2016197433A1 CN 2015084737 W CN2015084737 W CN 2015084737W WO 2016197433 A1 WO2016197433 A1 WO 2016197433A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
snow
motor
self
propelled
sweeping
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/084737
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张进
王东
何志强
Original Assignee
浙江亚特电器有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 浙江亚特电器有限公司 filed Critical 浙江亚特电器有限公司
Priority to CA2953628A priority Critical patent/CA2953628A1/en
Priority to EP15894701.0A priority patent/EP3192926A4/en
Publication of WO2016197433A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016197433A1/zh
Priority to US15/387,538 priority patent/US20170101756A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
    • E01H5/08—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by driven elements
    • E01H5/09—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by driven elements the elements being rotary or moving along a closed circular path, e.g. rotary cutter, digging wheels
    • E01H5/098—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by driven elements the elements being rotary or moving along a closed circular path, e.g. rotary cutter, digging wheels about horizontal or substantially horizontal axises perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the direction of clearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
    • E01H5/045—Means per se for conveying or discharging the dislodged material, e.g. rotary impellers, discharge chutes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/20—Off-Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/22—Agricultural vehicles
    • B60Y2200/225—Walk behind vehicles, e.g. motorized wheel barrows

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a two-step snowplow.
  • the definition of the two-step snowplow is: the snow blower is the first step to sweep the snow, the impeller throws the snow out through the upper and lower spout components to sweep the snow in the second step, and the double-step snowplow on the market is universal.
  • the engine is powered.
  • the engine snowplow is one of the most effective snow removal equipments due to its power, efficiency and operability.
  • the general engine snow sweeper has the following deficiencies: 1. The structure is complicated, the operation is troublesome, the whole machine is cumbersome, the man-machine performance is poor, the cost is high, and the safety is low; 2. The engine snow sweeper is noisy, the environmental pollution is serious, and the consumption is serious. The large amount of oil is not conducive to energy conservation and emission reduction.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a two-step snow sweeper with simple structure, stable performance, convenient operation, low noise and no pollution to the environment, thereby overcoming the deficiencies in the use of the engine snow blower.
  • a two-step snow sweeper includes a body, and the machine body is provided with a driving device, a self-propelling device, a snow sweeping device and an armrest control device, and the driving device drives The self-propelled device and the snow sweeping device operate, the snow sweeping device comprising a snow scraping mechanism and a snow throwing mechanism, the driving device comprising at least one electric motor, the electric motor being powered by a power supply device.
  • the motor adopts a single motor or a dual motor.
  • the self-propelled device and the snow removing device are simultaneously driven by one motor.
  • the dual motor one of the motors drives the self-propelled device to work, and the other motor The motor drives the snow sweeper to work.
  • the snow sweeping device comprises a snow scraping mechanism and a snow throwing mechanism
  • the motor adopts three motors, After the first motor-driven self-propelled device works, the second motor drives the snow scraping mechanism to work, and the third motor drives the snow throwing mechanism to work.
  • the motor when a single motor is used, the motor is a brushless motor, a magnetic steel motor or a series motor, and when two or more motors are used, or a brushless motor, a magnetic steel motor, a series motor, or any of the above is used at the same time.
  • the motor is combined.
  • the power supply device is a battery pack component or an AC power source, and the battery pack component adopts a single battery pack or several battery packs of the same capacity, the same voltage or different capacities, and different voltages are connected in series or in parallel.
  • the power supply device adopts a hybrid system composed of alternating current and direct current.
  • the DC power source directly drives the motor to work; when the DC power source is connected or not connected, when the AC power source is connected, the motor is driven by the AC power source.
  • the armrest control device comprises a plurality of armrests, and the uppermost armrest is connected with a control panel.
  • the snow sweeping device comprises a snow throwing impeller, a snow scraper and a snow sweeping speed reduction mechanism
  • the snow throwing impeller is installed at an input end of the snow sweeping speed reduction mechanism
  • the snow blower is installed at an output of the snow sweeping speed reduction mechanism end.
  • the self-propelled device comprises a self-propelled speed reduction mechanism
  • the self-propelled speed reduction cabinet is provided with a clutch mechanism
  • the armrest control device is provided with a pull wire
  • the pull wire is connected to the clutch mechanism, and the clutch mechanism is controlled by the pull wire.
  • the self-propelled device and the double-step snow sweeping device are driven by a motor.
  • the power supply device used in the present invention can be powered by a battery power alone, or can be connected to an alternating current power supply through an alternating current variable direct current power supply system, or directly driven by an alternating current power supply.
  • the motor works, so the invention has the advantages of simple structure, stable performance, convenient assembly, humanized operation mode, use of clean energy, reduce environmental pollution, low noise, and achieve the purpose of protecting the environment.
  • Figure 1 is a general structural view of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-propelled device (using a single motor drive);
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of a wheel structure
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a two-step snow sweeping device (using a single motor drive);
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a motor and a planetary gear box
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a two-step snow sweeping device (using a dual motor drive);
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the self-propelled device (driven by a dual motor);
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of electrical control using a battery pack assembly as a power supply unit
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of electrical control using a battery pack assembly as a power supply unit
  • a two-step snow sweeper includes a body, and the machine body is provided with a driving device, a self-propelling device, a double-step snow sweeping device 2 and an armrest control device 3, and the driving device drives The self-propelled device and the two-step snow sweeping device 2 operate, the drive device comprising at least one electric motor, the electric motor being powered by the power supply device.
  • the double-step snow sweeping device comprises a snow throwing impeller, a snow scraper and a snow sweeping speed reducing mechanism.
  • the snow throwing impeller is installed at the input end of the snow sweeping speed reducing mechanism
  • the snow scraper is installed at the output end of the snow sweeping speed reducing mechanism.
  • the self-propelled device includes a self-propelled speed reduction mechanism, and the self-propelled speed reduction cabinet is provided with a clutch mechanism.
  • the armrest control device includes an upper armrest 31 and a lower armrest 32.
  • the armrest control device is provided with a pull wire, and the pull wire is connected and disconnected.
  • the mechanism controls the clutch mechanism through the cable.
  • the upper armrest 31 is connected with a control panel 33.
  • the control panel is provided with a gear selection module and a power control module to realize the control selection of the forward and reverse functions of the user, and the control panel is also provided with control self-propelled. Motor multi-speed and steering self-propelled motor control module.
  • the motor uses a single motor or a double motor.
  • a single motor When a single motor is used, one electric power is passed.
  • the machine simultaneously drives the self-propelled device and the snow-sweeping device.
  • two motors When two motors are used, one of the motors drives the self-propelled device and the other motor drives the snow-sweeping device.
  • the motor is not limited to the use of one or two motors as described above, and a plurality of motors may be used.
  • the motor can be driven by the first motor by using three motors.
  • the self-propelled device works, and the second motor drives the snow scraping mechanism to work, and the third motor drives the snow throwing mechanism to work.
  • the advantage of using single motor drive is that it can save motor cost, but it also causes the complexity of the transmission system structure.
  • the advantage of using double or multiple motors is that each system can be controlled separately, which simplifies the structure of the transmission system.
  • the motor is a brushless motor, a magnetic steel motor or a series motor, and when two or more motors are used, or a brushless motor, a magnetic steel motor, a series motor, or any of the above motors is used in combination. .
  • a single-motor driven double-step snow sweeper includes a transmission mechanism 1 connected with a self-propelled device and a double-step snow sweeping device 2, the self-propelled device and the double step.
  • the snow sweeping device uses the same motor 12 as a drive source.
  • the output end of the motor 12 is connected with a planetary gear box 13 .
  • the planetary gear box is provided with a ring gear 131 and a planetary gear 132 .
  • the output shaft of the motor acts as a sun gear to drive the planetary gear to rotate.
  • the planetary gearbox output shaft 133 is rotated within the ring gear.
  • the self-propelled device includes a wheel 11 disposed on two sides of the transmission mechanism, a transmission shaft 15 disposed in the transmission mechanism, and a self-propelled reduction gear box 14, and the motor 12 is driven by a self-propelled reduction gear box. 14.
  • the drive shaft 15 transmits power to drive the wheel 11.
  • a self-propelled worm gear mechanism is disposed in the self-propelled reduction gear box, and the planetary gear box and the self-propelled reduction gear box are driven by a self-propelled belt mechanism, wherein the self-propelled belt mechanism includes an output shaft of the planetary gear box Self-propelled active pulley, self-propelled in the self-propelled worm gear mechanism
  • a self-propelled driven pulley is disposed at one end of the worm, and a self-propelled belt is disposed between the self-propelled driving pulley and the self-propelled driven pulley, and the self-propelled worm wheel driving transmission shaft rotates in the self-propelled worm gear mechanism;
  • the self-propelled belt mechanism is provided with a self-propelled tensioning pulley 16, and the self-propelled tensioning pulley is connected with a self-propelled tensioning wire, and the handrail is provided with a self-propelled tensioning connection connected with the self-propelled tensioning wire Control the handle.
  • the motor After the motor is output, it is decelerated and output by the planetary gear box. The speed is reduced and the self-propelled torque is increased.
  • the self-propelled belt mechanism is used to decelerate and connect to the self-propelled worm gear mechanism.
  • the self-propelled worm drives the self-propelled worm gear to reduce the torque and increase the torque.
  • the self-propelled worm gear mechanism does not have the self-locking function of the worm gear, so the self-propelled tensioning cable can be controlled by the self-propelled tensioning cable connected to the armrest.
  • the wheel tensioning self-propelled belt realizes the rotation of the drive shaft and the wheel by the self-propelled worm wheel.
  • the double-step snow sweeping device 2 includes a snow cover 27 and a snow outlet 28 communicating with the snow cover, and the snow cover is provided with a snow scraper 21, and the snow cover is An impeller 22 for feeding snow in the snow cover to the snow outlet is provided between the snow outlets, the snow blower is mounted on the snow scraping support shaft, and the impeller is mounted on the worm 23, and one end of the worm passes The snow sweeping worm wheel drives the snow scraping support shaft.
  • the planetary gear box 13 and the worm 23 are driven by a snow sweeping belt mechanism 24, and the snow sweeping belt mechanism includes a snow sweeping active pulley mounted on the output shaft of the planetary gear box, and the other end of the worm is connected with snow sweeping a driven pulley, a snow sweeping belt is installed between the snow sweeping active pulley and the snow sweeping driven pulley, and the snow sweeping belt mechanism is provided with a snow sweeping tension pulley 25, and the snow sweeping tensioning
  • the pulley is connected with a snow sweeping tensioning wire
  • the handrail is provided with a snow sweeping tension control handle connected with the snow sweeping tension wire.
  • the motor is driven by the snow sweeping belt mechanism to drive the worm to rotate, and then the worm drives the snow sweeping worm wheel to run.
  • the snow sweeping worm wheel starts the work by the scraping snow support shaft to drive the scraper, and the snow scraper works as the first step to sweep the snow, and the snow enters the scraping snow cover.
  • the impeller starts to throw snow through the snow outlet to throw snow for the second part, thereby achieving the purpose of double-step snow sweeping.
  • the above self-propelled device and the double-step snow sweeping device are driven by the same motor, and the single motor is via the planetary gear After the box, the double-belt double belt drives the double-step snow sweeping device to operate and the self-propelled device.
  • a two-motor-driven two-step snow sweeper includes a transmission mechanism 1 connected with a self-propelling device and a double-step snow sweeping device 2, wherein the self-propelled device includes The wheel 11 on the left and right sides of the transmission mechanism, the double step snow sweeping device 2 includes a snow cover and a snow outlet communicating with the snow cover, and the snow cover 21 is provided with a snow scraper 21.
  • the self-propelled device further includes a self-propelled motor 17 mounted in the transmission mechanism and a self-propelled transmission structure 18 connected to the transmission shaft 15, and the self-propelled motor output shaft passes through the belt and the self-propelled transmission structure 18.
  • the input shaft is connected, and the self-propelled transmission structure 18 is driven by the gear pair to reduce the rotation and then drive the transmission shaft to rotate, and the transmission shaft drives the wheel to rotate, thereby self-propelled.
  • a planetary gear assembly may be installed inside the wheel, and the wheel is driven to rotate by the planetary gear assembly.
  • the self-propelled motor is a dual output shaft motor, and the planetary gear assembly includes a ring gear and meshing with the ring gear.
  • the planetary gear on the inner circumference side after the output of the self-propelled motor is decelerated by the planetary gear assembly, the output speed is reduced and the self-propelled torque is increased.
  • the motor output shaft at both ends of the self-propelled motor acts as a sun tooth to rotate the planetary gear, and the planetary gear is in the ring gear.
  • the inner rotation is driven by the output shaft of the planetary gear to drive the wheel to rotate.
  • the double-step snow sweeping device 2 further includes an impeller 22 disposed between the snow cover and the snow outlet for feeding snow in the snow cover into the snow outlet, the snow scraper and the impeller Driven by a snow sweeping motor 26, the snow blower is mounted on a snow-splitting support shaft, the impeller is mounted on the worm 23, one end of the worm is driven by a worm wheel to support the scraping snow support shaft, and the other end is connected to the driven pulley.
  • the output shaft of the snow sweeping motor is used as an output shaft of the driving pulley, and a belt is installed between the driving pulley and the driven pulley.
  • the snow sweeping motor drives the worm to rotate by the belt drive, and the output speed of the snow sweeping motor is reduced by the belt deceleration to increase the torque. Then the worm drives the worm wheel to run, and the worm wheel drives the scraper to start working by the scraping snow support shaft, and the scraper works.
  • the impeller starts to throw snow through the snow outlet to throw the snow for the second part. Thereby achieving the purpose of double-step snow sweeping.
  • the bottom of the snow outlet 28 is fixed to the rotating ring gear, and the rotating ring gear is meshed with the control gear, and the control gear is controlled to rotate by a driving handle 34 mounted on the armrest.
  • the direction of the snow sweep can be easily controlled to control the direction of snow throwing.
  • the above-mentioned snow sweeping motor and self-propelled motor are powered by a power source.
  • the self-propelled motor and the snow sweeping motor share the power supply, and the self-propelled motor and the snow sweeping motor separately drive the self-propelled device and the double-step snow sweeping device and the self-propelled device.
  • the same power supply unit is used.
  • the power supply device is a battery pack component or an AC power source, and the AC power source converts the AC power into a DC power of the same voltage as the battery pack through a rectifier or a transformer.
  • the power supply device can also adopt a hybrid system composed of alternating current and direct current.
  • the battery pack assembly adopts a single battery pack or a plurality of batteries of the same capacity, the same voltage or different capacities, and different voltages are connected in series or in parallel.
  • the battery pack assembly adopts a single battery pack or a plurality of batteries of the same capacity, the same voltage or different capacities, and different voltages are connected in series or in parallel.
  • the power supply device adopts a hybrid system composed of alternating current and direct current, and the alternating current and direct current are mutually convertible and used, and are applicable to different working environments, thereby providing users with more choices.
  • the drive system can work directly; when the DC power supply drive system is taken out and not taken out, the drive system can work directly when the AC power supply is plugged in; when the DC power drive system works, when the AC power supply is plugged in, it can communicate immediately.
  • the variable DC drive system works.

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Abstract

一种双步扫雪机，包括机体，所述机体上设有驱动装置、自走装置、扫雪装置（2）及扶手控制装置（3），所述驱动装置驱动自走装置及扫雪装置（2）工作，所述扫雪装置（2）包括刮雪机构（21）和抛雪机构（22），所述驱动装置包括至少一个电机（12），所述电机由电源装置供电。采用上述结构的扫雪机，结构简单，性能稳定，装配方便。

Description

一种双步扫雪机 技术领域
本发明涉及双步扫雪机。
背景技术
双步扫雪机的定义是：刮雪器运行为第一步扫雪，叶轮通过上、下喷口组件将雪抛出为第二步扫雪，市场上的双步扫雪机都是采用通用引擎提供动力。
引擎扫雪机因其动力强劲、效率高、操作性强是目前最有效的除雪设备之一。而通用引擎扫雪机存在以下不足之处：1、结构复杂，操作麻烦，整机笨重人机效能差，成本较高，安全性低；2、引擎扫雪机噪音大，环境污染严重，耗油量大，不利于节能减排。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题就是提供一种双步扫雪机，结构简单、性能稳定、操作方便，噪音小，对环境无污染，从而克服引擎扫雪机使用过程中的不足。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种双步扫雪机，包括机体，所述机体上设有驱动装置、自走装置、扫雪装置及扶手控制装置，所述驱动装置驱动自走装置及扫雪装置工作，所述扫雪装置包括刮雪机构和抛雪机构，所述驱动装置包括至少一个电机，所述电机由电源装置供电。
优选的，所述电机或者采用单电机或者采用双电机，采用单电机时，通过一个电机同时驱动自走装置及扫雪装置工作，采用双电机时，其中一个电机驱动自走装置工作，另一个电机驱动扫雪装置工作。
优选的，所述扫雪装置包括刮雪机构和抛雪机构，电机采用三个电机，通 过第一个电机驱动自走装置工作，通过第二个电机驱动刮雪机构工作，通过第三个电机驱动抛雪机构工作。
优选的，采用单电机时，所述电机为无刷电机、磁钢电机或者串激电机，采用两种以上电机时，或者同时使用无刷电机、磁钢电机、串激电机，或者采用上述任意电机进行组合。
优选的，所述电源装置为电池包组件或者交流电源，所述电池包组件采取单个电池包或者若干相同容量，相同电压或不同容量，不同电压的电池包串联或并联组合。
优选的，所述电源装置采用交流电与直流电组成的混合动力系统。
优选的，当整机接入直流电源时，直流电源直接驱动电机工作；在直流电源接入或者不接入状态下，接入交流电源时，由交流电源驱动电机工作。
优选的，所述扶手控制装置包括多段扶手，最上段扶手连接有控制面板。
优选的，所述扫雪装置包括抛雪叶轮、刮雪器及扫雪减速机构，所述抛雪叶轮安装于扫雪减速机构的输入端，所述刮雪器安装于扫雪减速机构的输出端。
优选的，所述自走装置包括自走减速机构，所述自走减速机柜设置有离合机构，所述扶手控制装置设有拉线，所述拉线连接离合机构，通过拉线控制离合机构。
本发明中自走装置和双步扫雪装置由电机驱动，此外，本发明使用的电源装置，可以单独采用电池电源，也可以通过交流变直流电源系统接入交流电供电，或者由交流电直接驱动交流电机工作，因此本发明结构简单，性能稳定，装配方便，人性化的操作方式，使用清洁能源，降低环境污染，噪音小，达到保护环境的目的。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步描述：
图1是本发明总体结构图；
图2为自走装置结构示意图(采用单电机驱动)；
图3为车轮结构示意图；
图4为双步扫雪装置结构示意图(采用单电机驱动)；
图5为电机与行星齿轮箱结构示意图；
图6为双步扫雪装置结构示意图(采用双电机驱动)；
图7为自走装置结构示意图(采用双电机驱动)；
图8为采用电池包组件作为电源装置的电气控制原理图；
图9为采用电池包组件作为电源装置的电气控制原理图；
具体实施方式
如图1至图9所示，一种双步扫雪机，包括机体，所述机体上设有驱动装置、自走装置、双步扫雪装置2及扶手控制装置3，所述驱动装置驱动自走装置及双步扫雪装置2工作，所述驱动装置包括至少一个电机，电机由电源装置供电。
双步扫雪装置包括抛雪叶轮、刮雪器及扫雪减速机构，抛雪叶轮安装于扫雪减速机构的输入端，刮雪器安装于扫雪减速机构的输出端。所述自走装置包括自走减速机构，所述自走减速机柜设置有离合机构，所述扶手控制装置包括上扶手31、下扶手32，所述扶手控制装置设有拉线，所述拉线连接离合机构，通过拉线控制离合机构，上扶手31连接有控制面板33，控制面板设置有档位选择模块、电源控制模块，实现用户整机前进和后退功能的控制选择，控制面板还设置有控制自走电机多级转速和转向的自走电机控制模块。
其中，电机或者采用单电机或者采用双电机，采用单电机时，通过一个电 机同时驱动自走装置及扫雪装置工作，采用双电机时，其中一个电机驱动自走装置工作，另一个电机驱动扫雪装置工作。
另外，电机也不限于上述的使用一个或者两个电机，还可以使用多个电机，例如由于扫雪装置包括刮雪机构和抛雪机构，则电机可以采用三个电机，通过第一个电机驱动自走装置工作，通过第二个电机驱动刮雪机构工作，通过第三个电机驱动抛雪机构工作。
采用单电机驱动，优点在于可以节约电机成本，但是也会造成传动系统结构的复杂化，而采用双电机或者多电机的优点在于，各个系统可以单独控制，简化了传动系统的结构。
采用单电机时，所述电机为无刷电机、磁钢电机或者串激电机，采用两种以上电机时，或者同时使用无刷电机、磁钢电机、串激电机，或者采用上述任意电机进行组合。
如图2至图5所示，采用单电机驱动的双步扫雪机，包括传动机构1，所述传动机构连接有自走装置和双步扫雪装置2，所述自走装置和双步扫雪装置使用同一电机12作为驱动源。
如图4所示，所述电机12的输出端连接有行星齿轮箱13，所述行星齿轮箱内设有齿圈131、行星齿轮132，电机的输出轴作为太阳齿驱动行星齿轮旋转，行星齿轮在齿圈内带动行星齿轮箱输出轴133旋转。
如图2和图3所示，所述自走装置包括设于传动机构两侧的车轮11、设于传动机构内的传动轴15和自走减速箱14，所述电机12经自走减速箱14、传动轴15传递动力驱动车轮11。所述自走减速箱内设有自走蜗轮蜗杆机构，所述行星齿轮箱与自走减速箱之间通过自走皮带机构传动，所述自走皮带机构包括所述行星齿轮箱输出轴上设置的自走主动带轮，所述自走蜗轮蜗杆机构中的自走 蜗杆一端设有自走从动带轮，所述自走主动带轮与自走从动带轮之间设有自走皮带，所述自走蜗轮蜗杆机构中的自走蜗轮驱动传动轴转动，所述自走皮带机构设有自走张紧带轮16，所述自走张紧带轮连接有自走张紧拉线，所述扶手上设有与自走张紧拉线连接的自走张紧控制把。
电机输出后由行星齿轮箱减速后输出，转速降低、增大了自走扭矩，通过自走皮带机构减速连接至自走蜗轮蜗杆机构，自走蜗杆带动自走蜗轮实现减速，增大扭矩，并带动传动轴和车轮，实现自走，自走蜗轮蜗杆机构不存在蜗轮蜗杆的自锁功能，于是可通过连接至扶手上的自走张紧拉线通过自走张紧控制把控制自走张紧带轮张紧自走皮带实现自走蜗轮带动传动轴和车轮的旋转。
如图5所示，所述双步扫雪装置2包括刮雪罩27和与刮雪罩连通的出雪口28，所述刮雪罩内设有刮雪器21，所述刮雪罩与出雪口之间设有将刮雪罩内的雪送入出雪口的叶轮22，所述刮雪器安装于刮雪支撑轴上，所述叶轮安装于蜗杆23上，所述蜗杆一端通过扫雪蜗轮带动刮雪支撑轴。所述行星齿轮箱13与蜗杆23之间通过扫雪皮带机构24传动，所述扫雪皮带机构包括安装于行星齿轮箱输出轴上的扫雪主动带轮，所述蜗杆的另一端连接扫雪从动带轮，在所述扫雪主动带轮与扫雪从动带轮之间安装有扫雪皮带，所述扫雪皮带机构设有扫雪张紧带轮25，所述扫雪张紧带轮连接有扫雪张紧拉线，所述扶手上设有与扫雪张紧拉线连接的扫雪张紧控制把。
电机经扫雪皮带机构传动带动蜗杆转动，然后蜗杆带动扫雪蜗轮运行，扫雪蜗轮通过刮雪支撑轴带动刮雪器开始工作，刮雪器工作为第一步扫雪，雪进入刮雪罩内后由叶轮开始通过出雪口抛雪为第二部抛雪，从而实现双步扫雪的目的。
上述的自走装置和双步扫雪装置由同一个电机驱动，单电机经由行星齿轮 箱后通过双带轮双皮带同时带动双步扫雪装置运行和自走装置运行。
如图6和图7所示，为双电机驱动的双步扫雪机，包括传动机构1，所述传动机构连接有自走装置和双步扫雪装置2，所述自走装置包括设于传动机构左右两侧的车轮11，所述双步扫雪装置2包括刮雪罩和与刮雪罩连通的出雪口，所述刮雪罩内设有刮雪器21。
如图7所示，所述自走装置还包括安装于传动机构内的自走电机17以及与传动轴15连接的自走传动结构18，自走电机输出轴通过皮带与自走传动结构18的输入轴连接，自走传动结构18通过齿轮副减速换向后驱动传动轴转动，传动轴带动车轮旋转，从而自走。
另外，作为自走装置的另一种结构，可以在车轮内部安装有行星齿轮组件，通过行星齿轮组件驱动车轮转动，自走电机为双输出轴电机，行星齿轮组件包括齿圈和啮合于齿圈内周侧的行星齿轮，自走电机输出后由行星齿轮组件减速后输出转速降低、增大了自走扭矩，自走电机两端的电机输出轴作为太阳齿带动行星齿旋转，行星齿轮在齿圈内转动，由行星齿轮的输出轴带动车轮旋转，从而自走。
如图6所示，所述双步扫雪装置2还包括刮雪罩与出雪口之间设置的将刮雪罩内的雪送入出雪口的叶轮22，所述刮雪器和叶轮由扫雪电机26驱动，所述刮雪器安装于刮雪支撑轴上，所述叶轮安装于蜗杆23上，所述蜗杆一端通过蜗轮带动刮雪支撑轴，另一端连接从动带轮，所述扫雪电机的输出轴作为主动带轮的输出轴，所述主动带轮与从动带轮之间安装有皮带。扫雪电机经皮带传动带动蜗杆转动，通过皮带减速实现扫雪电机输出转速降低以增大扭矩的作用，然后蜗杆带动蜗轮运行，蜗轮通过刮雪支撑轴带动刮雪器开始工作，刮雪器工作为第一步扫雪，雪进入刮雪罩内后由叶轮开始通过出雪口抛雪为第二部抛雪， 从而实现双步扫雪的目的。
另外，出雪口28底部固定于转动齿圈上，所述转动齿圈与控制齿轮啮合，所述控制齿轮由安装于扶手上的驱动把手34控制转动。可以方便的控制扫雪口方向，从而控制抛雪方向。
上述的扫雪电机和自走电机由电源供电。自走电机和扫雪电机共用电源，自走电机和扫雪电机各自单独带动自走装置和双步扫雪装置和自走装置工作。其中，无论是电机驱动还是双电机驱动，或者是多电机驱动，均采用相同的电源装置。所述电源装置为电池包组件或者交流电源，交流电源是通过整流器、变压器将交流电变换成与电池包电压相同的直流电。当然，所述电源装置也可以采用交流电与直流电组成的混合动力系统。
如图8所示，在电源装置为电池包组件时，电池包组件采取单个电池包或者若干相同容量，相同电压或不同容量，不同电压的电池包串联或并联组合。通过机械装置或软件装置，单向选择各类电池包供电，满足用户多组电池包的选择，提高整机工作能力。
如图9所示，在电源装置采用交流电与直流电组成的混合动力系统，交流电、直流电相互间可转换使用，适用不同的工作环境，给用户提供更多选择。当整机插入直流电源可驱动系统直接工作；当取出和不取出直流电源驱动系统时，插上交流电源时可驱动系统直接工作；当直流电源驱动系统工作时，插入交流电源时，可立即交流变直流驱动系统工作。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种双步扫雪机，包括机体，所述机体上设有驱动装置、自走装置、扫雪装置及扶手控制装置，所述驱动装置驱动自走装置及扫雪装置工作，所述扫雪装置包括刮雪机构和抛雪机构，其特征在于：所述驱动装置包括至少一个电机，所述电机由电源装置供电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种双步扫雪机，其特征在于：所述电机或者采用单电机或者采用双电机，采用单电机时，通过一个电机同时驱动自走装置及扫雪装置工作，采用双电机时，其中一个电机驱动自走装置工作，另一个电机驱动扫雪装置工作。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种双步扫雪机，其特征在于：所述电机采用三个电机，通过第一个电机驱动自走装置工作，通过第二个电机驱动刮雪机构工作，通过第三个电机驱动抛雪机构工作。
  4. 根据权利要求2或者3所述的一种双步扫雪机，其特征在于：采用单电机时，所述电机为无刷电机、磁钢电机或者串激电机，采用两种以上电机时，或者同时使用无刷电机、磁钢电机、串激电机，或者采用上述任意电机进行组合。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种双步扫雪机，其特征在于：所述电源装置为电池包组件或者交流电源，所述电池包组件采取单个电池包或者若干相同容量，相同电压或不同容量，不同电压的电池包串联或并联组合。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种双步扫雪机，其特征在于：所述电源装置采用交流电与直流电组成的混合动力系统。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种双步扫雪机，其特征在于：当整机接入直流电源时，直流电源直接驱动电机工作；在直流电源接入或者不接入状态下，接入交流电源时，由交流电源驱动电机工作。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种双步扫雪机，其特征在于：所述扶手控制装置包括 多段扶手，最上段扶手连接有控制面板。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种双步扫雪机，其特征在于：所述扫雪装置包括抛雪叶轮、刮雪器及扫雪减速机构，所述抛雪叶轮安装于扫雪减速机构的输入端，所述刮雪器安装于扫雪减速机构的输出端。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种双步扫雪机，其特征在于：所述自走装置包括自走减速机构，所述自走减速机柜设置有离合机构，所述扶手控制装置设有拉线，所述拉线连接离合机构，通过拉线控制离合机构。
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EP3192926A1 (en) 2017-07-19
CA2953628A1 (en) 2016-12-15

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