WO2021082576A1 - 驱动导向机构及挂轨机器人 - Google Patents

驱动导向机构及挂轨机器人 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021082576A1
WO2021082576A1 PCT/CN2020/106655 CN2020106655W WO2021082576A1 WO 2021082576 A1 WO2021082576 A1 WO 2021082576A1 CN 2020106655 W CN2020106655 W CN 2020106655W WO 2021082576 A1 WO2021082576 A1 WO 2021082576A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
driving
rail
walking
guide
track
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PCT/CN2020/106655
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
武传标
姚秀军
王亚洲
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北京海益同展信息科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021082576A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021082576A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J5/00—Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages
    • B25J5/02—Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages travelling along a guideway
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of intelligent rail inspection robots, and in particular to a driving guide mechanism and a rail-hanging robot.
  • Rail-mounted robots are mainly suspended on suspended rails, mainly used in machine rooms, substations, pipe corridors and tunnels, and carry out regular or real-time inspections by carrying cameras and sensors.
  • the track forms are straight, curved, and climbing. They are usually formed by splicing multiple tracks of different lengths. Therefore, some tracks are very long, such as underground pipe corridors and tunnels.
  • a rail-hanging robot when a rail-hanging robot is walking on a suspended track, once a problem occurs, it cannot be removed at any position of the track. The rail-hanging robot must be moved to the end of the track before it can be removed. When the length is longer, it will inevitably bring some inconvenience to the maintenance operation.
  • the embodiments of the present application expect to provide a driving guide mechanism and a rail-hanging robot to solve the problem that the rail-hanging robot cannot be removed at any position of the track.
  • one aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a driving guide mechanism for walking on a track, including a base, an adjusting part, and walking parts distributed on both sides of the track.
  • the walking part is used to walk along the track
  • the adjusting part is connected to the base
  • the adjusting part is configured to adjust the distance between the walking parts on both sides of the track, so that the walking part can be separated or
  • the driving guide mechanism can be detached from the rail when the walking part is separated from the rail.
  • the walking part includes a sliding member and a bearing wheel mounted on the sliding member, the bearing wheel rolls along the upper surface of the bottom of the track, and the adjusting part It is configured to adjust the distance between the sliding parts on both sides of the rail, so that the load-bearing wheel disengages from or contacts the rail.
  • the walking part further includes a driving wheel mounted on the sliding member, the driving wheel rolls along the middle side of the rail, and the adjusting part is configured to adjust both sides of the rail. The distance between the sliding parts, so that the drive wheel disengages or contacts the track.
  • the driving wheel is a hub motor.
  • the adjustment part includes a two-way screw, both ends of the two-way screw have threads with opposite rotation directions, the two-way screw is rotatably connected with the base, and the walking on both sides of the track
  • the parts are respectively matched with the threads at the two ends of the two-way screw.
  • the driving guide mechanism further includes a shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is installed at the fitting position of the two-way screw and the base; and/or, the adjustment part further includes an operating rod, so The operating rod is connected with the two-way screw.
  • the driving guide mechanism further includes a guide shaft, the guide shaft is connected to the base, the walking parts on both sides of the rail are respectively installed at both ends of the guide shaft, so The walking part can move along the axial direction of the guide shaft.
  • the driving guide mechanism further includes a locking member configured to lock the guide shaft on the base; and/or,
  • the driving guide mechanism further includes a baffle, the baffle is provided at the end of the guide shaft to limit the walking part; and/or,
  • the driving guide mechanism further includes a guide sleeve, which is installed at the fitting position of the walking part and the guide shaft.
  • the driving guide mechanism further includes a first guide wheel, the first guide wheel is mounted on the base, the first guide wheel is located on both sides of the track, and the first guide wheel A guide wheel can roll along the bottom side of the track; and/or,
  • the driving guide mechanism further includes a second guide wheel, the second guide wheel is installed on the base, and the second guide wheel can roll along the bottom surface of the track.
  • Another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a rail-hanging robot, which includes any one of the driving and guiding mechanisms described above.
  • the driving guide mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application adopts the adjustment part, so that the distance between the walking parts distributed on both sides of the track becomes adjustable. Therefore, when the driving guide mechanism fails, only the adjustment part needs to be used to adjust the track The distance between the walking parts on both sides is adjusted to be off the track, that is, the driving guide mechanism can be removed at any position of the track without moving it to the end of the track.
  • the rail-hanging robot provided by the embodiment of the present application has the same technical effect due to the above-mentioned driving and guiding mechanism, and will not be repeated here.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a track according to an embodiment of the application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving guide mechanism installed on a track according to an embodiment of the application;
  • Fig. 3 is a front view of the driving guide mechanism deviating from the track according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of the contact track of the driving guide mechanism according to an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 5 is a top view of Figure 3;
  • Fig. 6 is a top view of Fig. 4.
  • the driving and guiding mechanism includes a base 21, an adjustment portion 22, and walking portions distributed on both sides of the rail 100. twenty three.
  • the walking part 23 is used to walk along the rail 100, the adjusting part 22 is connected with the base 21, and the adjusting part 22 is configured to adjust the distance between the walking parts 23 on both sides of the rail 100 so that the walking part 23 can be separated from or contact with the rail 100.
  • the cross section of the track 100 is in the shape of an "I", where A The surface is the bottom upper surface of the rail 100, the B surface is the middle side surface of the rail 100, the C surface is the bottom side surface of the rail 100, and the D surface is the bottom lower surface of the rail 100.
  • the “I”-shaped cross-section is only an example of the track 100 in the embodiment of the present application. In fact, the cross-section of the track 100 may also be groove-shaped, “several”-shaped and other types.
  • the walking portion 23, the sliding member 231, the bearing wheel 232, the driving wheel 233, and the support 234 on the side of the rail 100 are respectively named the first walking portion 23a, the first sliding member 231a, and the first sliding member 231a.
  • a load-bearing wheel 232a, a first driving wheel 233a and a first support 234a, and the walking part 23, the sliding member 231, the load-bearing wheel 232, the driving wheel 233 and the support 234 on the other side of the rail 100 are respectively named the second walking part 23b, the second sliding member 231b, the second bearing wheel 232b, the second driving wheel 233b, and the second support 234b.
  • the distance between the walking parts 23 on both sides of the rail 100 is relatively small, and the walking parts 23 can be in contact with the rail 100 respectively.
  • the walking parts 23 on both sides of the rail are placed On the A surface on both sides of the bottom of the rail 100, and move on the A surface of the rail 100.
  • the adjustment part 206 is operated to make the first walking part 23a and the second walking part 23b move in a direction close to the rail 100 until the first walking part 23a and the second walking part 23b touches the track 100, and both can run stably on the track 100.
  • first running part 23a and the second running part 23b are not necessarily parts of the same structure, they can be parts of a symmetrical structure, or they can be different, as long as they have the function of walking on the track 100. That is, the walking can be rolling or sliding.
  • the adjusting portion 22 may include a spring and a limiting structure.
  • the spring is connected to the first walking portion 23a and the second walking portion 23b, and the first walking portion 23a and the second walking portion 23b are realized through the elastic expansion and contraction of the spring. The distance between them changes, and the return of the spring is restricted by the limiting structure, so that the first walking portion 23a and the second walking portion 23b are maintained at a specific distance.
  • the adjusting part 22 may be a sliding auxiliary structure, and the distance between the first walking part 23a and the second walking part 23b is changed by the displacement generated by sliding.
  • the adjusting portion 22 may also be a rack and pinion structure, and the rotation of the gear drives the movement of the rack, so that the distance between the first traveling portion 23a and the second traveling portion 23b reaches the target value.
  • the adjustment unit 22 may also be a rack and pinion structure, and the rotation of the gear drives the movement of the rack, so that the distance between the first traveling portion 23a and the second traveling portion 23b reaches the target value.
  • the specific structure is not limited to this, and may also be other structures that can realize the above-mentioned functions.
  • the driving and guiding mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application adopts the adjusting part 22, which can change the distance between the first walking part 23a and the second walking part 23b on both sides of the rail 100, for example, increasing the first walking part 23a and the second walking part 23a.
  • the distance between the two walking parts 23b can realize the removal of the rail-hanging robot at any position of the rail 100 without moving it to the end of the rail 100.
  • the rail-hanging robot can be installed at any position of the rail 100.
  • the walking portion 23 of the driving guide mechanism includes a sliding member 231 and a bearing wheel 232 mounted on the sliding member 231, and the bearing wheel 232 rolls along the upper surface A of the bottom of the track 100 ,
  • the adjusting part 22 is configured to adjust the distance between the sliding members 231 on both sides of the rail 100 so that the bearing wheel 232 can disengage from or contact the rail 100.
  • the adjusting portion 22 is connected to the first sliding member 231a and the second sliding member 231b.
  • the first sliding member 231a and the second sliding member 231b are not necessarily parts of the same structure, and may be of symmetrical structure, or may be different, and they mainly serve as a connection.
  • the bearing wheel 232 is connected to the sliding member 231 through a support 234.
  • the first bearing wheel 232a and the second bearing wheel 232b are respectively mounted on the first support 234a and the second support 234b, and can rotate around their own axis.
  • the driving guide mechanism may be driven by a driving device arranged outside the bearing wheel 232, or may be driven by a driving device arranged inside the bearing wheel 232.
  • the first bearing wheel 232a and the second bearing wheel 232b may both be hub motors.
  • the walking portion 23 of the driving guide mechanism further includes a driving wheel 233 mounted on the sliding member 231, the bearing wheel 232 is driven by the driving wheel 233, and the driving wheel 233 is along the track 100
  • the middle side surface B of the roller rolls, and the adjusting portion 22 is configured to adjust the distance between the sliding pieces 231 on both sides of the rail 100 so that the driving wheel 233 can disengage or contact the rail.
  • the first driving wheel 233a and the second driving wheel 233b should have a certain clamping force with the surface B of the rail 100. This clamping force makes the first driving wheel 233a and the second driving wheel 233b roll relative to the rail 100.
  • the rail 100 generates a frictional force on the first driving wheel 233a and the second driving wheel 233b in the same direction as the driving and guiding mechanism, and the frictional force is the driving force for the driving and guiding mechanism.
  • the size of the clamping force should be selected according to the size of the driving force required during the operation of the driving and guiding mechanism. It should not be too large or too small. If the clamping force is too small, it will not be able to drive the driving and guiding mechanism to operate normally. The clamping force is too large. It will cause a certain degree of poor operation.
  • the distance between the first driving wheel 233a and the second driving wheel 233b and the rail 100 is adjusted by the adjusting part 22 to adjust the clamping force between the two and the rail 100 to ensure the stability and smoothness of their operation.
  • the driving guide mechanism may be driven by a driving device arranged outside the driving wheel 233, or may be driven by a driving device arranged inside the driving wheel 233, for example, the driving wheel 233 It is a hub motor.
  • the hub motor integrates the motor and the reducer to form a wheel-like structure.
  • the structure of the driving wheel 233 can be made more compact, and the size and weight of the driving wheel 233 can be greatly reduced.
  • the driving wheel 233 can also roll on the surface B of the rail 100 to drive the rail-hanging robot to run along the rail 100.
  • the adjustment part 22 of the driving guide mechanism includes a bidirectional screw 221.
  • the two ends of the bidirectional screw 221 have threads with opposite rotation directions.
  • the bidirectional screw 221 is rotatably connected with the base 21, and the track
  • the walking parts 23 on both sides of 100 are respectively matched with the threads at the two ends of the two-way screw 221. Since the screw threads at both ends of the two-way screw 221 are in opposite directions, rotating the two-way screw 221 can make the first walking portion 23a and the second walking portion 23b move away from or close to the rail 100 at the same time, thereby making it more convenient and quicker to achieve any position on the rail 100.
  • the first running portion 23a and the second running portion 23b cooperate with the two ends of the two-way screw 221 respectively, the first running portion 23a should be There is a first threaded hole (not shown in the figure) with the same direction of rotation and the same pitch corresponding to the thread on one end of the two-way screw 221, and the second running portion 23b should have the same thread corresponding to the thread on the other end of the two-way screw 221 A second threaded hole with the same pitch and direction of rotation (not shown in the figure).
  • the adjusting part 22 of the driving guide mechanism further includes an operating rod 222, and the operating rod 222 is connected to the bidirectional screw 221.
  • the operating rod 222 may be a handle, which is threadedly connected to the bidirectional screw, or is connected to a pin.
  • the operating rod 222 can be arranged at the end of the bidirectional screw 221, or can be arranged at the middle part of the bidirectional screw 231, between the first walking portion 23a and the second walking portion 23b and the base 205 (The figure is not shown).
  • the operating rod 222 can make the adjustment part 23 more convenient and labor-saving in operation.
  • the driving guide mechanism further includes a guide shaft 24, which is connected to the base 21, and the walking parts 23 on both sides of the rail 100 are respectively mounted on the guide shaft 24. At both ends, the walking part 23 can move along the axial direction of the guide shaft 24. In this way, when the adjustment portion 22 is operated, the guide shaft 24 can provide guidance for the movement of the first walking portion 23a and the second walking portion 23b, so that the operation of the two is smoother.
  • the guide shaft 24 is provided to provide certain guidance and support to the driving guide mechanism provided by the present application.
  • the guide shaft 24 can be replaced by a bidirectional screw 221, which can also achieve the same effect.
  • only one bidirectional screw 221 needs to be rotated, which is more convenient and faster.
  • multiple guide shafts 24 and two-way screws 221 can be provided, but at least one two-way screw 221 should be ensured, so that the first walking portion 23a and the second walking portion 23b can be moved to the two at the same time more conveniently and quickly. The effect of movement in two directions.
  • the driving guide mechanism further includes a locking member 25 configured to lock the guide shaft 24 on the base 21.
  • the locking member 25 can be a locking nut or a stopper, and its purpose is to prevent the guide shaft 24 from moving relative to the base 21. It can be understood that when the locking member 25 is a locking nut, correspondingly, the guide shaft 24 should have an external thread structure that matches with the locking nut.
  • the driving guide mechanism further includes a baffle 26, which is arranged at the end of the guide shaft 24 to limit the walking portion 23, and the baffle 26 is effective It prevents the first walking portion 23a and the second walking portion 23b from moving out of the guide shaft 24 during the process of moving along the axial direction of the guide shaft 24 and cannot be effectively supported, and may even damage the driving guide mechanism due to falling.
  • the baffle 26 can also be provided at the end of the two-way screw 221, which can also effectively prevent the first traveling portion 23a and the second traveling portion 23b from moving along the axial direction of the two-way screw 221. In the process, the two-way screw 221 cannot be effectively supported when it is removed, and it may even be damaged due to the fall.
  • the driving guide mechanism further includes a guide sleeve (not shown in the figure), and the guide sleeve is installed at the fitting position of the walking portion 23 and the guide shaft 24.
  • the guide sleeve is installed at the fitting position of the walking portion 23 and the guide shaft 24.
  • the guide sleeve can also be installed at the matching place between the two-way screw 221 and the base 21. The existence of the sleeve can prevent the two-way screw 221 and the base 21 from directly contacting, and reduce the wear of the two at the matching place.
  • the driving guide mechanism further includes a first guide wheel 27, the first guide wheel 27 is installed on the base 21, and the first guide wheel 27 is located on both sides of the rail 100, The first guide wheel 27 is configured to roll along the bottom side C of the track 100.
  • the first guide wheels 27 can provide a certain guiding effect on the C surfaces on both sides of the rail 100, which can effectively prevent the driving and guiding mechanism from jamming during the operation.
  • the first guide wheel 27 can be in contact with the C surface of the track 100, and the first guide wheel 27 can also leave a slight gap with the C surface on both sides of the track 100 to prevent the guide mechanism from being driven when there is an error in the width of the track 100 during operation. Cannot operate normally.
  • the driving guide mechanism further includes a second guide wheel 28, the second guide wheel 28 is installed on the base 21, and the second guide wheel 28 is configured to follow the bottom of the track 100 The bottom surface D rolls.
  • the second guiding wheel 28 can provide a certain guiding effect at the bottom of the track 100.
  • the second guide wheel 28 can be in contact with the D surface of the track 100.
  • the number of the first guide wheels 27 is four, and the four first guide wheels 27 are rectangularly arranged on both sides of the bottom of the track 100.
  • the four first guide wheels 27 can effectively correct the running direction of the driving guide mechanism and make it run normally on the track 100.
  • the four first guide wheels 27 can better guide the drive and guide mechanism to run along the direction in which the track 100 extends.
  • the number of the second guide wheels 28 is two, one of the second guide wheels 28 is installed on the base 21 along the front part of the driving guide mechanism, and the other The second guide wheel 28 is installed on the rear part of the base 21 along the running direction of the driving guide mechanism.
  • it in the direction parallel to the bottom surface of the track 100, it has a good guiding effect on the driving guide mechanism, preventing it from tilting to one side or tilting forward and backward during operation, especially when climbing or turning at the bottom of the track 100.
  • the guiding effect is especially obvious when the plane is not parallel to the ground.
  • the driving and guiding mechanism simultaneously uses four first guiding wheels 27 and two second guiding wheels 28. At this time, the driving and guiding mechanism has the effect of the above two embodiments. Combination, I will not repeat them here.
  • the rail-hanging robot provided by the embodiment of the present application adopts the above-mentioned driving and guiding mechanism, and therefore has the same beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.

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  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

公开一种驱动导向机构，用于在轨道（100）上行走，包括底座（21）、调整部（22）以及分布在轨道（100）两侧的行走部（23）。行走部（23）用于沿轨道（100）行走，调整部（22）与底座（21）连接，调整部（22）配置为调整轨道（100）两侧的行走部（23）之间的距离，以使行走部（23）脱离或接触轨道（100）。还公开一种挂轨机器人，包括上述驱动导向机构。该驱动导向机构和挂轨机器人，在运行过程中出现故障时，由于采用了调整部（22），可以在轨道（100）的任意位置拆解，无须移到轨道的端部。

Description

驱动导向机构及挂轨机器人
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为201911029114.8、申请日为2019年10月28日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及轨道智能巡检机器人领域，尤其涉及一种驱动导向机构及挂轨机器人。
背景技术
挂轨机器人主要悬挂在吊挂的轨道上，主要用于机房、变电站、管廊和隧道，通过搭载摄像头和传感器进行定时或实时巡检。轨道形式有直的、弯的，也有爬坡的，通常采用多段不同长度的轨道拼接而成，因此有些轨道的长度很长，如地下管廊、隧道等。现有技术中，挂轨机器人在悬挂的轨道上行走时，一旦出现问题，不能在轨道的任意位置拆下，必须将挂轨机器人移动到轨道的端部，才能将其取下，如此当轨道长度较长时，势必给维修作业带来一定的不便。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请实施例期望提供一种驱动导向机构及挂轨机器人，以解决挂轨机器人不能在轨道的任意位置拆下的问题。
为达到上述目的，本申请实施例的一方面提供一种驱动导向机构，用于在轨道上行走，包括底座、调整部、分布在所述轨道两侧的行走部。行 走部用于沿所述轨道行走，所述调整部与所述底座连接，所述调整部配置为调整所述轨道两侧的所述行走部之间的距离，以使所述行走部脱离或接触所述轨道，所述行走部脱离所述轨道时，能够将所述驱动导向机构从所述轨道上取下。
根据本申请第一方面实施例的驱动导向机构，所述行走部包括滑动件和安装在所述滑动件上的承重轮，所述承重轮沿所述轨道的底部上表面滚动，所述调整部配置为调整所述轨道两侧的所述滑动件之间的距离，以使所述承重轮脱离或接触所述轨道。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述行走部还包括安装在所述滑动件上的驱动轮，所述驱动轮沿所述轨道的中部侧面滚动，所述调整部配置为调整所述轨道两侧的所述滑动件之间的距离，以使所述驱动轮脱离或接触所述轨道。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述驱动轮为轮毂电机。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述调整部包括双向螺杆，所述双向螺杆的两端具有旋向相反的螺纹，所述双向螺杆与所述底座转动连接，所述轨道两侧的所述行走部分别与所述双向螺杆两端的螺纹配合。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述驱动导向机构还包括轴套，所述轴套安装在所述双向螺杆与所述底座的配合处；和/或，所述调整部还包括操作杆，所述操作杆与所述双向螺杆连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述驱动导向机构还包括导向轴，所述导向轴与所述底座连接，所述轨道两侧的所述行走部分别安装在所述导向轴的两端，所述行走部可沿所述导向轴的轴向运动。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述驱动导向机构还包括锁紧件，所述锁紧件配置为将所述导向轴锁紧在所述底座上；和/或，
所述驱动导向机构还包括挡片，所述挡片设置于所述导向轴的端部以 对所述行走部限位；和/或，
所述驱动导向机构还包括导向套，所述导向套安装在所述行走部与所述导向轴的配合处。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述驱动导向机构还包括第一导向轮，所述第一导向轮安装在所述底座上，所述第一导向轮位于所述轨道的两侧，所述第一导向轮可沿所述轨道的底部侧面滚动；和/或，
所述驱动导向机构还包括第二导向轮，所述第二导向轮安装在所述底座上，所述第二导向轮可沿所述轨道的底部下表面滚动。
本申请实施例的另一方面提供一种挂轨机器人，包括上述任意一项驱动导向机构。
本申请实施例提供的驱动导向机构，由于采用了调整部，使得分布在轨道两侧的行走部之间的距离变得可调，因而当驱动导向机构出现故障时，只需利用调整部将轨道两侧的行走部之间的距离调整为脱离轨道，即可以在轨道的任意位置拆下该驱动导向机构，而无须将其移到轨道的端部。本申请实施例提供的挂轨机器人，由于采用了上述驱动导向机构，具有相同的技术效果，在此不再赘述。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1为本申请一实施例的轨道的截面图；
图2为本申请一实施例的驱动导向机构安装在轨道上的结构示意图；
图3为本申请一实施例的驱动导向机构脱离轨道的主视图；
图4为本申请一实施例的驱动导向机构接触轨道的主视图；
图5为图3的俯视图；
图6为图4的俯视图。
附图标记说明：
100、轨道；21、底座；22、调整部；221、双向螺杆；222、操作杆；23、行走部；23a、第一行走部；23b、第二行走部；231、滑动件；231a、第一滑动件；231b、第二滑动件；232、承重轮；232a、第一承重轮；232b、第二承重轮；233、驱动轮；233a、第一驱动轮；233b、第二驱动轮；234、支座；234a、第一支座；234b、第二支座；24、导向轴；25、锁紧件；26、挡片；27、第一导向轮；28、第二导向轮。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的技术特征可以相互组合，具体实施方式中的详细描述应理解为本申请宗旨的解释说明，不应视为对本申请的不当限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中的方位术语仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
本申请实施例的一方面提供一种驱动导向机构，用于在轨道100上行走，请参阅图2～6，该驱动导向机构包括底座21、调整部22、分布在轨道100两侧的行走部23。行走部23用于沿轨道100行走，调整部22与底座21连接，调整部22配置为调整轨道100两侧的行走部23之间的距离，以使行走部23脱离或者接触轨道100。
根据本申请实施例的第一方面提供的驱动导向机构，请参阅图1～6，驱动导向机构应用于挂轨机器人为例，请参阅图1，轨道100截面呈“工”字形，其中，A面为轨道100的底部上表面，B面为轨道100的中部侧面，C面为轨道100的底部侧面，D面为轨道100的底部下表面。该“工”字形截面仅仅为本申请实施例中的轨道100的一个示例，实际上轨道100的截面也可以是槽型、“几”字型等其它型式。
为方便对照相应附图进行描述，将轨道100一侧的行走部23、滑动件231、承重轮232、驱动轮233和支座234分别命名为第一行走部23a、第一滑动件231a、第一承重轮232a、第一驱动轮233a和第一支座234a，将轨道100另一侧的行走部23、滑动件231、承重轮232、驱动轮233和支座234分别命名为第二行走部23b、第二滑动件231b、第二承重轮232b、第二驱动轮233b和第二支座234b。
当挂轨机器人处于工作状态时，请参阅图4和图6，轨道100两侧的行走部23的间距较小，行走部23可以分别与轨道100接触，例如，轨道两侧的行走部23置于轨道100的底部两侧的A面上，并在轨道100的A面上移动。一旦挂轨机器人出现故障，需要从轨道100上拆下维修时，操作调整部22，使第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b均向远离轨道100的方向运动，当第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b之间的间距大于轨道100的宽度时，请参阅图3和图5，此时第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b脱离轨道100，可将挂轨机器人取下，而不一定要将挂轨机器人移动的轨道的末端。当需要将挂轨机器人安装在轨道100上时，操作调整部206，使第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b均向靠近轨道100的方向运动，直至第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b接触轨道100，两者可以在轨道100上稳定运行即可。
可以理解的是，第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b并不一定是相同结构的零部件，可以是对称结构的零部件，也可以有所差异，只需具有在轨道100上行走的功能即可，该行走可以是滚动，也可以是滑动。
需要说明的是，调整部22可以包括弹簧以及限位结构，弹簧与第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b连接，通过弹簧的弹性伸缩来实现第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b之间的距离变化，并通过限位结构限制弹簧的回位，以使第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b维持在一个特定的距离。调整部22可以是滑动副结构，通过滑动产生的位移来该改变第一行走部23a和第二 行走部23b之间的距离。调整部22还可以是齿轮齿条结构，通过齿轮的转动带动齿条的移动，从而使第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b之间的距离达到目标值。这里只是列出了调整部22的几个示例，其具体结构并不限于此，还可以是其它能够实现上述功能的结构。
本申请实施例提供的驱动导向机构，由于采用了调整部22，可以改变轨道100两侧的第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b之间的距离，例如增大第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b之间的距离，即可实现在轨道100的任意位置拆下挂轨机器人，无须将其移动到轨道100的端部。同理，可以在轨道100的任意位置安装挂轨机器人。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参阅图2～6，驱动导向机构的行走部23包括滑动件231和安装在滑动件231上的承重轮232，承重轮232沿轨道100的底部上表面A滚动，调整部22配置为调整轨道100两侧的滑动件231之间的距离，以使承重轮232脱离或者接触轨道100。此时，调整部22与第一滑动件231a和第二滑动件231b连接。第一滑动件231a和第二滑动件231b不一定是相同结构的零件，可以是对称结构的，也可以是有所差异，其主要起连接作用。承重轮232通过支座234与滑动件231连接。第一承重轮232a和第二承重轮232b分别安装在第一支座234a第二支座234b上，并可以绕自身轴线转动。
驱动导向机构可以由设置在承重轮232外部的驱动装置驱动，也可以由设置在承重轮232内部的驱动装置驱动，例如，第一承重轮232a和第二承重轮232b可以均为轮毂电机。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参阅图2～6，驱动导向机构的行走部23还包括安装在滑动件231上的驱动轮233，承重轮232由驱动轮233驱动，驱动轮233沿轨道100的中部侧面B滚动，调整部22配置为调整轨道100两侧的滑动件231之间的距离，以使驱动轮233脱离或接触轨道。此时， 第一驱动轮233a和第二驱动轮233b与轨道100的B面应有一定的夹紧力，该夹紧力使得第一驱动轮233a和第二驱动轮233b在相对轨道100滚动时，轨道100对第一驱动轮233a和第二驱动轮233b产生与驱动导向机构运行方向相同的摩擦力，该摩擦力即为驱动导向机构运行的驱动力。夹紧力的大小应根据驱动导向机构运行时所需的驱动力的大小进行选取，不宜过大或过小，夹紧力过小，将无法带动驱动导向机构正常运行，夹紧力过大，则会造成一定的运行不畅。通过调整部22调整第一驱动轮233a和第二驱动轮233b与轨道100之间的距离，以调整二者与轨道100之间的夹紧力，保证其运行的稳定性和运行的流畅度。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参阅图2～6，驱动导向机构可以由设置在驱动轮233外部的驱动装置驱动，也可以由设置在驱动轮233内部的驱动装置驱动，例如，驱动轮233为轮毂电机。
具体地，轮毂电机为将电机、减速机集成在一起，形成一个轮子状的结构。如此可以使驱动轮233的结构更加紧凑，大幅度降低驱动轮233的尺寸和重量，同时驱动轮233也可以在轨道100的B面上滚动，从而驱动挂轨机器人沿轨道100运行。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参阅图2～6，驱动导向机构的调整部22包括双向螺杆221，双向螺杆221的两端具有旋向相反的螺纹，双向螺杆221与底座21转动连接，轨道100两侧的行走部23分别与双向螺杆221两端的螺纹配合。由于双向螺杆221两端的螺纹旋向相反，转动双向螺杆221可以使第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b同时远离或者靠近轨道100的方向移动，从而更加方便、快捷地实现在轨道100的任意位置拆下或安装驱动导向机构。
可以理解的是，只有相同旋向、同等螺距的内外螺纹才能形成配合，为了使得第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b分别与双向螺杆221的两端形 成配合，第一行走部23a上应具有与双向螺杆221的一端的螺纹对应的相同旋向、同等螺距的第一螺纹孔(图未示出)，第二行走部23b上应具有与双向螺杆221的另一端的螺纹相对应的相同旋向、同等螺距的第二螺纹孔(图未示出)。有时，为了便于调整，需要设置双向螺杆221两端的螺纹的螺距不同，从而在转动双向螺杆221时，轨道100两侧的第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b移动的速度不相同，距离也不相同。当需要轨道100两侧的第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b等速、对称移动时，只需设置双向螺杆221两端螺纹的螺距相等即可。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参阅图2～6，驱动导向机构的调整部22还包括操作杆222，该操作杆222与双向螺杆221连接。操作杆222可以是一个把手，其与双向螺杆之间螺纹连接，或者销连接。具体地，如图2所示，操作杆222可以设置在双向螺杆221的端部，也可以设置在双向螺杆231的中间部位，位于第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b与底座205之间(图未示出)。在拆下及安装驱动导向机构时，操作杆222可以使调整部23在操作上更加便捷、省力。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参阅图2、图5以及图6，驱动导向机构还包括导向轴24，导向轴24与底座21连接，轨道100两侧的行走部23分别安装在导向轴24两端，行走部23可沿导向轴24的轴向运动。如此当操作调整部22时，导向轴24可以为第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b的运动提供导向，使得二者的运行更加顺畅。
需要说明的是，设置导向轴24是为了给本申请提供的驱动导向机构提供一定的导向和支撑，当然，导向轴24可用双向螺杆221代替，也可以达到同样的效果。而采用导向轴24后，在需要拆下驱动导向机构时，只需转动一个双向螺杆221即可，更加方便快捷。此外，根据实际需要，导向轴24和双向螺杆221均可以设置多个，但应保证至少有一个双向螺杆221， 如此可以更方便快捷地实现第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b同时向两个方向运动的效果。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参阅图5，驱动导向机构还包括锁紧件25，其配置为将导向轴24锁紧在底座21上。锁紧件25可以是锁紧螺母，也可以是挡块，其目的是防止导向轴24相对底座21移动。可以理解的是，当锁紧件25为锁紧螺母时，相应地，导向轴24上应具有与该锁紧螺母相配合的外螺纹结构。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参阅图2～6，驱动导向机构还包括挡片26，该挡片26设置于导向轴24的端部以对行走部23限位，该挡片26可有效防止第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b在沿导向轴24的轴向移动的过程中，移出导向轴24而不能得到有效支撑，甚至会因摔下而损坏驱动导向机构。同样地，请参阅图3～6，该挡片26也可设置于双向螺杆221的端部，同样可有效防止第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b在沿双向螺杆221的轴向移动的过程中，移出双向螺杆221而不能得到有效支撑，甚至会因摔下而造成损坏。
根据本申请的一些实施例，驱动导向机构还包括导向套(图未示出)，导向套安装在行走部23与导向轴24的配合处。在第一行走部23a和第二行走部23b相对导向轴24移动的过程中，导向套的存在可以防止行走部23直接与导向轴24接触，减小二者在配合处的磨损。同样地，也可在双向螺杆221与底座21的配合处安装轴套，该轴套的存在可以防止双向螺杆221和底座21直接接触，减小二者在配合处的磨损。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参阅图2～6，驱动导向机构还包括第一导向轮27，该第一导向轮27安装在底座21上，第一导向轮27位于轨道100的两侧，第一导向轮27配置为可以沿轨道100的底部侧面C滚动。这样，在驱动导向机构运行的过程中，第一导向轮27可以在轨道100两侧的C面 提供一定的导向作用，可以有效地防止驱动导向机构在运行过程中发生卡滞。第一导向轮27可以与轨道100的C面接触，第一导向轮27也可以与轨道100两侧的C面留有微量间隙，防止运行过程中当轨道100的宽度存在误差时，驱动导向机构无法正常运行。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参阅图2～4，驱动导向机构还包括第二导向轮28，第二导向轮28安装在底座21上，第二导向轮28配置为可以沿轨道100的底部下表面D滚动。在驱动导向机构运行的过程中，第二导向轮28可以在轨道100的底部提供一定的导向作用。第二导向轮28可以与轨道100的D面接触，优选地，第二导向轮28与轨道100底部的D面之间留有微量间隙，防止驱动导向机构运行过程中因轨道表面不平而发生卡滞。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参阅图2～6，第一导向轮27的数量为4个，4个第一导向轮27呈矩形地布置在轨道100底部的两侧。如此当驱动导向机构在运行过程中存在发生侧偏的趋势时，4个第一导向轮27的存在可以有效地纠正驱动导向机构的运行方向，使其在轨道100上正常运行。特别是在转向的时候，4个第一导向轮27可以更好地起引导作用，使驱动导向机构沿着轨道100延伸的方向运行。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参阅图2～4，第二导向轮28的数量为2个，其中一个第二导向轮28安装在底座21上沿驱动导向机构运行方向的前部，另一个第二导向轮28安装在底座21上沿驱动导向机构运行方向的后部。如此，在平行于轨道100底面的方向上，对驱动导向机构具有良好的导向作用，防止其在运行过程中向一侧倾斜或者向前后倾斜，特别是在爬坡或者转弯等轨道100底部的D平面与地面不平行的情况下，其导向作用尤其明显。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参阅图2～4，驱动导向机构同时采用4个第一导向轮27和2个第二导向轮28，此时，驱动导向机构具有上述两个 实施例效果的结合，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例的另一方面提供一种挂轨机器人，包括上述任意一种驱动导向机构。本申请实施例提供的挂轨机器人，由于采用了上述驱动导向机构，因而具有相同的有益效果，在此不再赘述。
本申请提供的各个实施例/实施方式在不产生矛盾的情况下可以相互组合。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种驱动导向机构，用于在轨道上行走，所述驱动导向机构包括底座、调整部、分布在所述轨道两侧的行走部；
    所述行走部用于沿所述轨道行走，所述调整部与所述底座连接，所述调整部配置为调整所述轨道两侧的所述行走部之间的距离，以使所述行走部脱离或接触所述轨道，所述行走部脱离所述轨道时，能够将所述驱动导向机构从所述轨道上取下。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动导向机构，所述行走部包括滑动件和安装在所述滑动件上的承重轮，所述承重轮沿所述轨道的底部上表面滚动，所述调整部配置为调整所述轨道两侧的所述滑动件之间的距离，以使所述承重轮脱离或接触所述轨道。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的驱动导向机构，所述行走部还包括安装在所述滑动件上的驱动轮，所述驱动轮沿所述轨道的中部侧面滚动，所述调整部配置为调整所述轨道两侧的所述滑动件之间的距离，以使所述驱动轮脱离或接触所述轨道。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的驱动导向机构，其特征在于，所述驱动轮为轮毂电机。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4任意一项所述的驱动导向机构，所述调整部包括双向螺杆，所述双向螺杆的两端具有旋向相反的螺纹，所述双向螺杆与所述底座转动连接，所述轨道两侧的所述行走部分别与所述双向螺杆两端的螺纹配合。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的驱动导向机构，所述驱动导向机构还包括轴套，所述轴套安装在所述双向螺杆与所述底座的配合处；和/或，
    所述调整部还包括操作杆，所述操作杆与所述双向螺杆连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1～4任意一项所述的驱动导向机构，所述驱动导向机构还包括导向轴，所述导向轴与所述底座连接，所述轨道两侧的所述行走部分别安装在所述导向轴的两端，所述行走部可沿所述导向轴的轴向运动。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的驱动导向机构，所述驱动导向机构还包括锁紧件，所述锁紧件配置为将所述导向轴锁紧在所述底座上；和/或，
    所述驱动导向机构还包括挡片，所述挡片设置于所述导向轴的端部以对所述行走部限位；和/或，
    所述驱动导向机构还包括导向套，所述导向套安装在所述行走部与所述导向轴的配合处。
  9. 根据权利要求1～4中任意一项所述的驱动导向机构，所述驱动导向机构还包括第一导向轮，所述第一导向轮安装在所述底座上，所述第一导向轮位于所述轨道的两侧，所述第一导向轮可沿所述轨道的底部侧面滚动；和/或，
    所述驱动导向机构还包括第二导向轮，所述第二导向轮安装在所述底座上，所述第二导向轮可沿所述轨道的底部下表面滚动。
  10. 一种挂轨机器人，包括权利要求1～9中任意一项所述的驱动导向机构。
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