WO2021059621A1 - 粉末冶金用合金鋼粉、粉末冶金用鉄基混合粉及び焼結体 - Google Patents
粉末冶金用合金鋼粉、粉末冶金用鉄基混合粉及び焼結体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021059621A1 WO2021059621A1 PCT/JP2020/023645 JP2020023645W WO2021059621A1 WO 2021059621 A1 WO2021059621 A1 WO 2021059621A1 JP 2020023645 W JP2020023645 W JP 2020023645W WO 2021059621 A1 WO2021059621 A1 WO 2021059621A1
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- alloy steel
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 207
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 65
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 42
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 42
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002549 Fe–Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZJOLCKGSXLIVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;octadecanamide Chemical compound C=C.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ZJOLCKGSXLIVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium stearate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HGPXWXLYXNVULB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/09—Mixtures of metallic powders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/059—Making alloys comprising less than 5% by weight of dispersed reinforcing phases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0264—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements the maximum content of each alloying element not exceeding 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/10—Copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/20—Refractory metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/35—Iron
Definitions
- the present invention relates to alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy, iron-based mixed powder for powder metallurgy, and sintered body.
- powder metallurgy technology parts with complicated shapes can be manufactured in a shape very close to the product shape (so-called near-net shape) with high dimensional accuracy, and the cutting cost in manufacturing parts can be significantly reduced. Can be planned. Therefore, powder metallurgy products are widely used as various machine parts. Furthermore, the demand for powder metallurgy technology is increasing in order to cope with the miniaturization, weight reduction and complexity of parts.
- alloy steel powder used for powder metallurgy is becoming more sophisticated, it has good compressibility, and the mechanical properties of the sintered body obtained by sintering alloy steel powder are excellent. Is required to be. Further, there is a strong demand for reduction of manufacturing cost, and from such a viewpoint, alloy steel powder is required to be able to be manufactured by a conventional metallurgical powder manufacturing process without requiring an additional step. It is required not to require expensive alloy components.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a steel powder in which V and Mn are alloyed, and it is said that Cu powder and Ni powder may be mixed.
- Patent Document 2 proposes an alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy in which Cu powder is diffused and adhered to the surface of a steel powder obtained by alloying Cu.
- Patent Document 3 proposes a mixed powder for powder metallurgy in which at least one of Cu powder and Ni powder is mixed with steel powder obtained by alloying Mo.
- Patent Document 4 proposes an alloy steel powder in which Ni, Mo and Mn are alloyed.
- Patent Document 5 proposes a method of binding graphite powder to iron base powder with a binder, and it is said that the iron base powder may be alloyed with alloying elements such as Ni, Cr, Mo and Mn. .
- Patent Document 6 proposes a method of combining a reduced amount of C with alloying elements such as Cr, Mo and Cu.
- Patent Document 1 even if Cu powder or the like is used in combination, the effect of improving the strength of the sintered body by strengthening the precipitation of V is limited, and since it contains Mn, it is sintered due to oxidation. The strength of the body may decrease, and further improvement in strength is required.
- Patent Document 2 the effect of improving the strength of the sintered body is limited when Cu alone is used, and further improvement in strength is required.
- Patent Document 3 even if Cu powder or the like is used in combination, the effect of improving the strength of the sintered body by alloying Mo is limited, and further improvement in strength is required.
- Patent Document 4 since it contains Ni, it is expensive, and because it contains Mn, the strength of the sintered body may decrease due to oxidation.
- Patent Document 5 in order to improve the mechanical properties of the sintered body, it is necessary to perform heat treatment such as carburizing, quenching, and tempering after sintering.
- Patent Document 6 the compressibility of the mixed powder is merely improved by reducing the amount of C (graphite powder, etc.) mixed with the alloy steel powder, and the compressibility of the alloy steel powder itself is improved. Cannot be improved.
- the cooling rate in quenching after sintering is 2 ° C./s or more. In order to control the cooling rate in this way, it is necessary to modify the manufacturing equipment, which increases the manufacturing cost.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and is an alloy for powder metallurgy capable of obtaining a sintered body having excellent compressibility and improved strength as it is sintered (without further heat treatment).
- the purpose is to provide steel powder.
- the compressibility refers to the density (compressibility) of the molded product obtained when molding is performed at a given molding pressure, and the larger this value is, the better.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an iron-based mixed powder for powder metallurgy containing the alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a sintered body using the alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy or the iron-based mixed powder for powder metallurgy.
- alloy steel powder using Cu, Mo, and at least one of V, Nb, and Ti in specific amounts as alloying elements has excellent compressibility and is fired.
- the present invention has been completed by finding that it is possible to provide a sintered body having improved strength as it is tied.
- the alloy steel powder of the present invention can make the distribution of Cu and Mo uniform, and thus can make the distribution of Cu and Mo in the sintered body uniform.
- the precipitate in the sintered body can be made finer, and thus the structure can be made finer, and these together have improved strength. It is presumed that it is possible to obtain a sintered body.
- the gist structure of the present invention is as follows. [1] Cu: 1.0% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less, Mo: more than 0.50% by mass and 2.00% by mass or less, and V: 0.05% by mass or more and 0.50% by mass or less, Nb: 0.02% by mass or more and 0.40% by mass or less and Ti: Including one or more selected from the group consisting of 0.02% by mass or more and 0.40% by mass or less. Alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy, the balance of which is Fe and unavoidable impurities. [2] The alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy according to [1], which contains V: 0.05% by mass or more and 0.50% by mass or less.
- Nb Alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy according to [1] or [2], which contains 0.02% by mass or more and 0.40% by mass or less.
- Ti Alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy according to any one of [1] to [3], which contains 0.02% by mass or more and 0.40% by mass or less.
- An iron-based mixed powder for powder metallurgy which comprises the alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy and the metal powder according to any one of the above [1] to [4].
- the metal powder is one or both of Cu powder of more than 0% by mass and 4% by mass or less and Mo powder of more than 0% by mass and 4% by mass or less with respect to 100% by mass of the iron-based mixed powder for powder metallurgy. , Iron-based mixed powder for powder metallurgy. [6] A sintered body using the alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy according to any one of [1] to [4] or the iron-based mixed powder for powder metallurgy according to [5].
- the alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy of the present invention can obtain a sintered body having excellent compressibility and improved strength as it is sintered. Further, since the alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy of the present invention does not contain an alloy element such as Cr or Mn that is easily oxidized, it is advantageous in that the strength of the sintered body does not decrease due to the oxidation of the alloy element. Further, the alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy of the present invention does not contain Ni, which has a high alloy cost, Cr, which requires annealing in a special atmosphere, and does not require an additional manufacturing process such as plating. It is advantageous in terms of cost and is also convenient in that it can be manufactured by a conventional metallurgical powder manufacturing process.
- the iron-based mixed powder for powder metallurgy of the present invention can also provide a sintered body having excellent compressibility and improved strength as it is sintered.
- a sintered body having improved strength can be produced at low cost.
- alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy The alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy of the present invention (hereinafter, also referred to as “alloy steel powder”) is composed of an iron-based alloy containing Cu, Mo, and at least one of V, Nb, and Ti as essential components.
- the "iron group” means that Fe is contained in an amount of 50% by mass or more.
- “%” regarding the component composition shall mean “mass%”.
- the composition of the alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy is based on 100% by mass of the alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy.
- Cu 1.0% or more and 8.0% or less
- Cu is an element that improves hardenability and is superior in that it is less likely to be oxidized than elements such as Si, Cr, and Mn.
- Cu is also advantageous in that it is cheaper than Ni. If the Cu content is less than 1.0%, the effect of improving the hardenability by Cu becomes insufficient. Therefore, the Cu content is set to 1.0% or more.
- sintering is generally performed at about 1130 ° C., but when the Cu content exceeds 8.0% from the Fe—Cu phase diagram, Cu precipitates in the austenite phase.
- the Cu content is set to 8.0% or less. Within the above range, the addition of Cu can sufficiently improve the tensile strength while suppressing the decrease in density. In order to effectively obtain higher strength, the Cu content is preferably 2.0% or more, and preferably 6.0% or less.
- Mo More than 0.50% and 2.00% or less Mo is an element that improves hardenability and is superior in that it is less likely to be oxidized than elements such as Si, Cr, and Mn. Mo has a characteristic that a sufficient effect of improving hardenability can be obtained by adding a small amount as compared with Ni. When the Mo content is 0.50% or less, the strength improving effect of Mo becomes insufficient. Therefore, the Mo content is set to more than 0.50%. On the other hand, when the Mo content exceeds 2.00%, not only the compressibility of the alloy steel powder is lowered and the molding die is easily worn, but also the strength of the sintered body is improved by containing Mo. The effect is saturated. Therefore, the Mo content is set to 2.00% or less. In order to effectively obtain higher strength, the Mo content is preferably 1.00% or more, and more preferably 1.50% or less.
- the alloy steel powder of the present invention contains at least one of V, Nb and Ti.
- the alloy steel powder may contain only one of V, Nb and Ti, two of them, or all three of them. When two kinds are contained, any combination of V and Nb, V and Ti, and Nb and Ti may be used.
- the contents of V, Nb and Ti are as follows.
- V 0.05% or more and 0.50% or less
- V is an element that acts extremely effectively for improving the strength by precipitating as carbides on the solid portion of the sintered body. If the V content is less than 0.05%, the amount of carbide produced is insufficient, and it is not possible to improve the sufficient strength of the sintered body. Therefore, when V is contained, the V content is set to 0.05% or more. On the other hand, when the V content exceeds 0.50%, the carbides become coarse and the strength improving effect is lowered, and each particle of the alloy steel powder becomes hard and not only causes a decrease in compressibility, but also from an economical point of view. It is also disadvantageous. Therefore, the V content is set to 0.50% or less. In order to effectively obtain higher strength, the V content is preferably 0.10% or more, and preferably 0.40% or less.
- Nb 0.02% or more and 0.40% or less
- Nb is an element that not only significantly enhances hardenability but also effectively improves strength by precipitating it as a carbide in the solid portion of the sintered body. .. If the Nb content is less than 0.02%, the amount of carbide produced is insufficient, and it is not possible to improve the sufficient strength of the sintered body. Therefore, when Nb is contained, the Nb content is 0.02% or more. On the other hand, when the Nb content exceeds 0.40%, the carbides are coarsened and the strength improving effect is lowered, and each particle of the alloy steel powder is hardened, which not only causes a decrease in compressibility, but also from an economical point of view. It is also disadvantageous. Therefore, when Nb is contained, the Nb content is set to 0.40% or less. When Nb is contained, the Nb content is preferably 0.05% or more, and preferably 0.20% or less, in order to effectively obtain higher strength.
- Ti 0.02% or more and 0.40% or less Ti is an element that effectively improves the strength by precipitating as carbides on the solid portion of the sintered body. If the Ti content is less than 0.02%, the amount of carbide produced is insufficient, and it is not possible to improve the sufficient strength of the sintered body. Therefore, when Ti is contained, the Ti content is 0.02% or more. On the other hand, when the Ti content exceeds 0.40%, the carbides become coarse and the strength improving effect is lowered, and each particle of the alloy steel powder becomes hard and not only causes a decrease in compressibility, but also from an economical point of view. It is also disadvantageous. Therefore, when Ti is contained, the Ti content is set to 0.40% or less. When Ti is contained, the Ti content is preferably 0.05% or more, and preferably 0.20% or less, in order to effectively obtain higher strength.
- the rest of the alloy steel powder other than the above components consists of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- the amount of unavoidable impurities is not particularly limited as long as it is unavoidably mixed, but it is preferable to control the amount so that it is not substantially contained. Since Ni causes an increase in alloy cost, it is preferable to suppress the Ni content to 0.1% or less. Since Cr is susceptible to oxidation and annealing atmosphere control is required, the Cr content is preferably suppressed to 0.1% or less. For Si, for the same reason as Cr, the Si content is preferably suppressed to 0.1% or less.
- the alloy steel powder of the present invention includes the following aspects.
- Cu 1.0% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less, Mo: more than 0.50% by mass and 2.00% by mass or less, V: 0.05% by mass or more and 0.50% by mass or less, and the balance is Fe And alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy consisting of unavoidable impurities.
- Cu 1.0% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less, Mo: more than 0.50% by mass and 2.00% by mass or less, Nb: 0.02% by mass or more and 0.40% by mass or less, and the balance is Fe And alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy consisting of unavoidable impurities.
- Cu 1.0% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less
- Mo more than 0.50% by mass and 2.00% by mass or less
- Ti 0.02% by mass or more and 0.40% by mass or less
- the balance is Fe And alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy consisting of unavoidable impurities.
- Cu 1.0% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less
- Mo more than 0.50% by mass and 2.00% by mass or less
- V 0.05% by mass or more and 0.50% by mass or less
- Nb 0.02 Alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy containing 0.40% by mass or more and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- Cu 1.0% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less, Mo: more than 0.50% by mass and 2.00% by mass or less, V: 0.05% by mass or more and 0.50% by mass or less, and Ti: 0.02 Alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy containing mass% or more and 0.40 mass% or less, and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- Cu 1.0% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less, Mo: more than 0.50% by mass and 2.00% by mass or less, Nb: 0.02% by mass or more and 0.40% by mass or less and Ti: 0.02 Alloy steel powder for powder metallurgy containing mass% or more and 0.40 mass% or less, and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- Cu 1.0% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less
- Mo more than 0.50% by mass and 2.00% by mass or less
- V 0.05% by mass or more and 0.50% by mass or less
- Nb 0.02
- the method for producing alloy steel powder is not particularly limited, and it can be produced by any method.
- the alloy steel powder can be an atomizing powder produced by an atomizing method, and among them, a water atomizing powder produced by a water atomizing method, which has a low production cost and is easy to mass-produce, is preferable.
- molten steel adjusted to have a predetermined component composition can be atomized into powder, and if necessary, reduced and / or classified to obtain alloy steel powder. it can.
- the particle size of the alloy steel powder is not particularly limited and can be any particle size. From the viewpoint of ease of production, the average particle size is preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 150 ⁇ m or less.
- alloy steel powder having an average particle size in the above range can be industrially produced at low cost.
- the average particle size refers to the median diameter (D50) on a mass basis.
- the average particle size can be obtained by calculating a mass-based integrated particle size distribution from the particle size distribution measured by the dry sieving method described in JIS Z 2510, and determining the particle size at which the value is 50% by the interpolation method.
- the alloy steel powder can be used as it is for powder metallurgy, but it can also be used as an iron-based mixed powder for powder metallurgy (hereinafter, also referred to as "mixed powder") composed of alloy steel powder and metal powder.
- the metal powder in the mixed powder of the present invention is Cu powder: more than 0% and 4% or less, Mo powder: more than 0% and 4% or less, or both.
- the composition of the iron-based mixed powder for powder metallurgy is based on 100% by mass of the iron-based mixed powder for powder metallurgy.
- Cu powder More than 0% and 4% or less Cu powder can promote sintering and improve strength by adding it to alloy steel powder, but if it exceeds 4%, a liquid phase is generated during sintering. The amount of this is increased, which causes a decrease in the density of the sintered body due to expansion and a decrease in strength. Therefore, the amount of Cu powder added is 4% or less. When Cu powder is added, 0.5% or more is preferable in order to efficiently improve the strength.
- Mo powder More than 0% and 4% or less Mo powder can promote sintering and improve strength by adding it to alloy steel powder, but if it exceeds 4%, the alloy steel powder becomes hard. It causes a decrease in compression density and a decrease in strength. Therefore, the amount of Mo powder added is 4% or less. When Mo powder is added, 0.5% or more is preferable in order to efficiently improve the strength.
- the method for producing the mixed powder is not particularly limited, and it can be produced by any method.
- it can be produced by mixing one or both of Cu powder and Mo powder with the alloy steel powder so as to have the above content.
- Mixing can be done in any way.
- a method of mixing using a V-type mixer, a double-cone type mixer, a Henshell mixer, a Nauter mixer, or the like can be mentioned.
- a binder such as machine oil may be added to prevent segregation of one or both of Cu powder and Mo powder.
- one or both of the alloy steel powder, Cu powder and Mo powder may be filled in a mold for pressure molding so as to have the above content to prepare a mixed powder.
- the present invention also relates to a sintered body obtained by sintering a molded body containing the alloy steel powder or mixed powder.
- the sintered body can be produced using the alloy steel powder or mixed powder (hereinafter, also referred to as “raw material”) as a raw material.
- raw material the alloy steel powder or mixed powder
- the method for producing the sintered body is not particularly limited, and the sintered body can be produced by any production method. For example, by adding arbitrary components to the above raw materials, pressure molding them, and then sintering the sintered body. Can be manufactured.
- the raw material of the sintered body As the raw material of the sintered body, the above raw material can be used as it is, but an auxiliary raw material such as carbon powder may be used in combination.
- the carbon powder is not particularly limited, and graphite powder (natural graphite powder, artificial graphite powder, etc.) and carbon black are preferable.
- graphite powder natural graphite powder, artificial graphite powder, etc.
- carbon black By adding carbon powder, the strength of the sintered body can be further improved.
- carbon powder 0.2 parts by mass or more is preferable, and 1.2 parts by mass or less is preferable with respect to 100 parts by mass of the raw material from the viewpoint of strength improving effect.
- Lubricant may be added to the above raw materials. By containing a lubricant, it is possible to easily remove the molded product from the mold.
- the lubricant is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include metal soaps (zinc stearate, lithium stearate, etc.), amide waxes (ethylene bisstearic acid amide, etc.), and the like.
- the lubricant is preferably in powder form. When a lubricant is used, the lubricant is preferably 0.3 parts by mass or more and 1.0 part by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the raw material.
- Powder for improving machinability may be added to the above raw materials.
- the powder for improving machinability is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include MnS powder and oxide powder.
- the powder for improving machinability is preferably 0.1 part by mass or more and 0.7 part by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the raw material.
- an auxiliary raw material, a lubricant, a powder for improving machinability, and other optional components are added to the above raw materials, and then pressure molding is performed into a desired shape to obtain a molded product.
- the method of pressure molding is not particularly limited, and any method can be used. For example, a method of filling a mold with a raw material or the like and performing pressure molding can be mentioned.
- a lubricant can be applied or adhered to the mold, and the amount of the lubricant at that time is preferably 0.3 parts by mass or more and 1.0 part by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the raw material.
- the pressure for forming a molded product by pressure molding can be 400 MPa or more and 1000 MPa or less. Within this range, it is possible to avoid a decrease in the density of the molded product, a decrease in the density of the sintered body, and insufficient strength, and it is also possible to suppress the burden on the mold.
- the raw material of the present invention can have a molded product density (compression density) of 6.75 Mg / m 3 or more under the condition of a molding pressure of 588 MPa.
- the density (compression density) of the molded product is preferably 6.80 Mg / m 3 or more.
- the sintering method is not particularly limited, and any method can be used.
- the sintering temperature can be 1100 ° C. or higher, preferably 1120 ° C. or higher, from the viewpoint of sufficiently proceeding with sintering.
- the higher the sintering temperature the more uniform the distribution of Cu and Mo in the sintered body. Therefore, the upper limit of the sintering temperature is not particularly limited, but the sintering temperature is 1250 ° C. or lower from the viewpoint of suppressing the manufacturing cost. Is preferable, and 1180 ° C. or lower is more preferable.
- the raw material uses alloy steel powder in which Cu, Mo, and at least one of V, Nb, and Ti are alloyed, the distribution of Cu and Mo should be made uniform even at the sintering temperature in the above range. As a result, the strength of the sintered body can be effectively improved.
- the sintering time can be 15 minutes or more and 50 minutes or less. Within this range, it is possible to avoid insufficient sintering and insufficient strength, and it is possible to suppress the manufacturing cost.
- the cooling rate during cooling after sintering can be 20 ° C./min or more and 40 ° C./min or less. If the cooling rate is less than 20 ° C./min, quenching cannot be sufficiently performed, and the tensile strength may decrease. If the cooling rate is 40 ° C./min or more, ancillary equipment for promoting the cooling rate is required, and the manufacturing cost increases.
- a degreasing step of holding the lubricant in a temperature range of 400 ° C. or higher and 700 ° C. or lower for a certain period of time may be added in order to decompose and remove the lubricant before sintering.
- the production conditions, equipment, and the like of the sintered body other than the above are not particularly limited, and for example, known ones can be applied.
- the obtained sintered body may be subjected to treatments such as carburizing and quenching and tempering.
- the production of the alloy steel powder and the production of the sintered body using the alloy steel powder in the examples were carried out according to the following procedure.
- Alloy steel powder was prepared by adjusting the molten steel having the composition shown in Tables 1 to 4 by the water atomization method.
- the amount of Si, Mn, P, S and Cr contained in the alloy steel powder as unavoidable impurities is Si: less than 0.05% by mass, Mn: less than 0.15% by mass, P: less than 0.025% by mass, S: less than 0.025% by mass and Cr: less than 0.03% by mass.
- the obtained alloy steel powder was held at 920 ° C. for 30 minutes in a hydrogen atmosphere to perform finish reduction. After finishing reduction, the heat-treated body in which particles are sintered into a lump is crushed using a hammer mill, classified with a sieve having a mesh size of 180 ⁇ m, and the powder under the sieve is collected to collect alloy steel powder. And said.
- the amounts of C, O and N contained in the alloy steel powder as unavoidable impurities were C: less than 0.01% by mass, O: less than 0.20% by mass, and N: less than 0.05% by mass.
- the composition of the alloy steel powder was equivalent to the composition of the molten steel.
- the reduced product in which the particles are sintered into a lump is crushed using a hammer mill, classified with a sieve having a mesh size of 180 ⁇ m, and the powder under the sieve is collected to obtain Cu or A diffusion-adhesion alloy steel powder in which Mo was diffused and adhered was used.
- the amounts of C, O and N contained in the diffusion-adhesive alloy steel powder as unavoidable impurities were C: less than 0.01% by mass, O: less than 0.20% by mass, and N: less than 0.05% by mass. ..
- the density of the molded product was calculated by dividing the volume of the rectangular parallelepiped with respect to the weight of the molded product. Moldings, in 10% H 2 -90% N 2 atmosphere, and held at 1130 ° C. 20 minutes to obtain a sintered body. A test piece having a length of 50 mm and a diameter of 3 mm was cut out from the sintered body, and the maximum stress (tensile strength) before breaking was measured.
- Example 1 This is an example of alloy steel powder to which Cu, Mo and V are added. Table 1 shows the composition of ingredients and the evaluation results. “-” In the component composition is a component that has not been added, and the same applies hereinafter.
- iron-based powder prepared under the following four conditions was also evaluated.
- No. In 1-10 Cu was diffused and adhered to the surface of the alloy steel powder containing Mo and V as alloying elements, and the graphite powder and the lubricant were mixed.
- No. In 1-11 Cu powder, graphite powder and a lubricant were mixed with the alloy steel powder containing Mo and V as alloying elements.
- No. In 1-12 Mo was diffused and adhered to the surface of the alloy steel powder containing Cu and V as alloying elements, and the graphite powder and the lubricant were mixed.
- No. In 1-13 Mo powder, graphite powder and a lubricant were mixed with the alloy steel powder containing Cu and V as alloying elements. Table 1 shows the amount of adhesion, the amount of addition, and the evaluation results.
- No. 1 which is an example of the invention. It can be seen that all of 1-2 and 1-6 to 1-9 have sufficiently high densities and are excellent in compressibility. No. From the results of 1-5 to 1-7, it can be seen that the amount of Cu added can be increased and the tensile strength can be improved while maintaining the high density.
- Example 2 This is an example of alloy steel powder to which Cu, Mo and Nb are added. Table 2 shows the component composition and the evaluation results.
- iron-based powder prepared under the following four conditions was also evaluated.
- No. In 2-11 Cu was diffused and adhered to the surface of the alloy steel powder containing Mo and Nb as alloying elements, and the graphite powder and the lubricant were mixed.
- No. In 2-12 Cu powder, graphite powder and a lubricant were mixed with the alloy steel powder containing Mo and Nb as alloying elements.
- No. In 2-13 Mo was diffused and adhered to the surface of the alloy steel powder containing Cu and Nb as alloying elements, and the graphite powder and the lubricant were mixed.
- No. In 2-14 Mo powder, graphite powder and a lubricant were mixed with the alloy steel powder containing Cu and Nb as alloying elements. Table 2 shows the amount of adhesion, the amount of addition, and the evaluation results.
- the amounts of Cu, Mo, and Nb are outside the scope of the present invention.
- the density was lowered and the tensile strength was also inferior.
- Regarding compressibility No. 1 which is an example of the invention. It can be seen that 2-2 and 2-6 to 2-9 have sufficiently high densities and are excellent in compressibility. No. From the results of 2-5 to 2-7, it can be seen that the amount of Cu added can be increased and the tensile strength can be improved while maintaining the high density.
- No. 2-11 and similar alloy steel powder mixed with Cu powder were used.
- the 2-12 sintered body is No. Although the amounts of Cu, Mo and Nb were the same as those of the 2-6 sintered body, the tensile strength was inferior.
- No. 2-13 and similar alloy steel powder mixed with Mo powder were used.
- the 2-14 sintered body is No. The tensile strength was inferior to that of the 2-6 sintered body, although the contents of Cu, Mo and Nb were the same.
- Example 3 This is an example of alloy steel powder to which Cu, Mo and Ti are added. Table 3 shows the component composition and the evaluation results.
- iron-based powder prepared under the following four conditions was also evaluated.
- No. In 3-11 Cu was diffused and adhered to the surface of the alloy steel powder containing Mo and Ti as alloying elements, and the graphite powder and the lubricant were mixed.
- No. In 3-12 Cu powder, graphite powder and a lubricant were mixed with the alloy steel powder containing Mo and Ti as alloying elements.
- No. In 3-13 Mo was diffused and adhered to the surface of the alloy steel powder containing Cu and Ti as alloying elements, and the graphite powder and the lubricant were mixed.
- No. In 3-14 Mo powder, graphite powder and a lubricant were mixed with the alloy steel powder containing Cu and Ti as alloying elements. Table 1 shows the amount of adhesion, the amount of addition, and the evaluation results.
- the amounts of Cu, Mo, and Ti are outside the scope of the present invention.
- the density was lowered and the tensile strength was also inferior.
- Regarding compressibility No. 1 which is an example of the invention. It can be seen that all of 3-2 and 3-6 to 3-9 have a sufficiently high density and are excellent in compressibility. No. From the results of 3-5 to 3-7, it can be seen that the amount of Cu added can be increased and the tensile strength can be improved while maintaining the high density.
- No. 3-11 and similar alloy steel powder mixed with Cu powder were used.
- the 3-12 sintered body is No. Although the amounts of Cu, Mo and Ti were the same as those of the 3-6 sintered body, the tensile strength was inferior.
- No. 3-13 and similar alloy steel powder mixed with Mo powder were used.
- the 3-14 sintered body is No. The tensile strength was inferior to that of the 3-6 sintered body, although the contents of Cu, Mo and Ti were the same.
- Example 4 This is an example of an alloy steel powder to which Cu, Mo, and 2 or 3 types selected from V, Nb, and Ti are added as alloy components. Table 4 shows the component composition and the evaluation results.
- Example 5 This is an example of a mixed powder obtained by further adding Cu powder and / or Mo powder to alloy steel powder.
- Table 5 shows the addition amounts of alloy steel powder, Cu powder and Mo powder used, and the evaluation results.
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Priority Applications (5)
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US17/754,021 US20220331860A1 (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2020-06-16 | Alloyed steel powder for powder metallurgy, iron-based mixed powder for powder metallurgy, and sintered body |
JP2020544050A JP7060101B2 (ja) | 2019-09-27 | 2020-06-16 | 粉末冶金用合金鋼粉、粉末冶金用鉄基混合粉及び焼結体 |
CN202080066348.4A CN114450102A (zh) | 2019-09-27 | 2020-06-16 | 粉末冶金用合金钢粉、粉末冶金用铁基混合粉和烧结体 |
EP20869179.0A EP4035798A4 (de) | 2019-09-27 | 2020-06-16 | Legiertes stahlpulver für pulvermetallurgische eisenbasierte mischpulver für die pulvermetallurgie und sinterkörper |
KR1020227011119A KR20220057588A (ko) | 2019-09-27 | 2020-06-16 | 분말 야금용 합금강분, 분말 야금용 철기 혼합분 및 소결체 |
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JPH07233401A (ja) * | 1993-09-01 | 1995-09-05 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 切削性および寸法精度に優れたアトマイズ鋼粉および焼結鋼 |
JP3272886B2 (ja) * | 1994-04-15 | 2002-04-08 | 川崎製鉄株式会社 | 高強度焼結体用合金鋼粉および高強度焼結体の製造方法 |
JP4069506B2 (ja) * | 1998-02-19 | 2008-04-02 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 高強度焼結部品用合金鋼粉および混合粉 |
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US10982306B2 (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2021-04-20 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Additive manufacturing process and powder material therefor |
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2020
- 2020-06-16 CN CN202080066348.4A patent/CN114450102A/zh active Pending
- 2020-06-16 KR KR1020227011119A patent/KR20220057588A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2020-06-16 WO PCT/JP2020/023645 patent/WO2021059621A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2020-06-16 JP JP2020544050A patent/JP7060101B2/ja active Active
- 2020-06-16 EP EP20869179.0A patent/EP4035798A4/de active Pending
- 2020-06-16 US US17/754,021 patent/US20220331860A1/en not_active Abandoned
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EP4035798A4 (de) | 2022-12-07 |
EP4035798A1 (de) | 2022-08-03 |
CN114450102A (zh) | 2022-05-06 |
JPWO2021059621A1 (ja) | 2021-10-14 |
JP7060101B2 (ja) | 2022-04-26 |
US20220331860A1 (en) | 2022-10-20 |
KR20220057588A (ko) | 2022-05-09 |
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