WO2021057512A1 - 一种用于陶瓷电热体的复合型材料 - Google Patents

一种用于陶瓷电热体的复合型材料 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021057512A1
WO2021057512A1 PCT/CN2020/114756 CN2020114756W WO2021057512A1 WO 2021057512 A1 WO2021057512 A1 WO 2021057512A1 CN 2020114756 W CN2020114756 W CN 2020114756W WO 2021057512 A1 WO2021057512 A1 WO 2021057512A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oxide
composite material
silicon nitride
molybdenum disilicide
silicon carbide
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PCT/CN2020/114756
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
雷彼得
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重庆利迈陶瓷技术有限公司
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Application filed by 重庆利迈陶瓷技术有限公司 filed Critical 重庆利迈陶瓷技术有限公司
Priority to US17/761,177 priority Critical patent/US20230354480A1/en
Priority to MX2022003170A priority patent/MX2022003170A/es
Priority to JP2022518167A priority patent/JP7488890B2/ja
Priority to EP20869722.7A priority patent/EP4036072A4/en
Priority to CA3154927A priority patent/CA3154927A1/en
Priority to KR1020227011922A priority patent/KR20220061205A/ko
Publication of WO2021057512A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021057512A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/148—Silicon, e.g. silicon carbide, magnesium silicide, heating transistors or diodes
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    • C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
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    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/14—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted
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    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
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    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
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    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
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    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
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    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
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    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite material, in particular to a composite material that can be used for ceramic electric heating bodies.
  • the ceramic electric heating body can be used as the electric heating body of the ignition mechanism.
  • the extremely high temperature reached by the ceramic at the moment of electrification can be used for ignition or heating. It can be used in engine ignition, gas stove ignition, water heater ignition, infrared radiation source, oxygen sensor heating, soldering iron tip heating, etc.
  • the electric heating body of ceramic material has the advantages of fast start-up, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high strength and long life.
  • Chinese patent CN100484337C discloses a multilayer circular ceramic heater and its preparation process, and specifically discloses that the resistance layer, insulating layer and conductive layer of the ceramic heater include Si 3 N 4 , Al 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 and MoSi 2 four components; Si 3 N 4 functions to form a network structure, Al 2 O 3 and Y 2 O 3 function to adjust the network structure, and MoSi 2 functions to form a conductive heating material.
  • the ceramic electric heating body prepared by the above-mentioned components has a fast reaction speed, a high temperature, a time period for reaching a desired temperature, a long service life, a high yield of the manufacturing process, and a low manufacturing cost.
  • the composite materials prepared by the preparation materials in the above patents still have the following problems in some applications: high temperature coefficient of resistance and large inrush current directly lead to an increase in the cost of the power supply. Due to the rapid change of current/resistance, the use of The algorithm is complicated in power control.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite material with a small impulse current, and at the same time reduce the application cost of a ceramic electric heating body prepared by using the material.
  • the present invention is achieved as follows: a composite material for ceramic electric heating bodies, characterized in that: the preparation components of the composite material include silicon nitride, molybdenum disilicide, silicon carbide, yttrium oxide, oxide Aluminum and lanthanum oxide.
  • the preparation components of the composite material include silicon nitride, molybdenum disilicide, silicon carbide, yttrium oxide, oxide Aluminum and lanthanum oxide.
  • silicon nitride, molybdenum disilicide and silicon carbide are the main functional materials, and aluminum oxide, yttrium oxide and lanthanum oxide are auxiliary materials.
  • the composite material prepared by using the above-mentioned material parts is suitable as the heating layer of the ceramic electric heating body.
  • the composite material prepared by using the above-mentioned material parts is suitable as the insulating layer of the ceramic electric heating body.
  • the composite material prepared by using the above-mentioned material parts is suitable as the conductive layer of the ceramic electric heating body.
  • the main functional material further includes tungsten carbide.
  • the auxiliary material further includes ytterbium oxide.
  • a ceramic electric heating body is prepared by using the above-mentioned composite material.
  • the impulse current is small when the temperature coefficient of resistance TCR is large, and the impulse current is small when the temperature coefficient of resistance TCR is small.
  • the cost of the supporting power supply and control components can be greatly reduced. It effectively solves the problems of high cost and difficult control of the original ceramic structural material body in the actual application of supporting control electronic components, and reaches the similar performance index of the international ceramic material structural body.
  • the use of the material of the present invention can use a 60W power supply, which reduces the requirement for power supply capacity.
  • silicon nitride, molybdenum disilicide and silicon carbide are the main functional materials, providing high-temperature performance, heating performance, electrical conductivity, etc. after the composite material is prepared into a ceramic heater.
  • Alumina, yttrium oxide and lanthanum oxide are auxiliary materials, which mainly help composite materials to help ceramic sintering, improve room temperature, high temperature strength, and high temperature oxidation resistance when preparing ceramic electric heating bodies.
  • the composite material in this embodiment can be used to prepare ceramic electric heating bodies.
  • the ceramic electric heating bodies in this embodiment are mostly ceramic electric heating bodies, including but not limited to heating layers, insulating layers, and conductive layers.
  • the main functional material further includes tungsten carbide (WC).
  • the auxiliary material further includes ytterbium oxide (Yb2O3).
  • a ceramic electric heating body is prepared by using the above-mentioned composite material.
  • the ceramic electric heating body in this embodiment has a multilayer structure from the inside and the outside, with at least two or more layers.
  • the inner layer structure is a resistive layer
  • the outer layer structure is a conductive layer.
  • the inner layer structure is a resistance layer
  • the middle layer structure is an insulating layer
  • the outer layer structure is a conductive layer.
  • the multilayer ceramic electric heating body in this embodiment is manufactured by grouting to prevent manufacturing, and includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Prepare mixed slurry: silicon nitride, silicon carbide, molybdenum disilicide, yttrium oxide, lanthanum oxide, and aluminum oxide powder, add water according to the weight ratio, mix and stir evenly, and put it into a container.
  • different mixed slurries are prepared and equipped in different containers for standby.
  • Step 2 Grouting: Put the grouting molds with open ends on the grouting machine, and then pour the mixed ceramic slurry into the grouting machine to start grouting. According to the number of layers of the ceramic electric heating body, grouting is carried out in stages, and then the grouting is carried out sequentially from the outer layer to the inner layer.
  • Step 3 Sintering: Take out the copper grouting mold of the ceramic green body that has been dried and lose water, put it into the sintering mold, and finally put the sintering mold containing the green ceramic body into the sintering furnace for sintering at a temperature of 1400°C and a pressure Sintering at 2000-5000Kpa for 7-12 hours.
  • Step 4 Take the sintered ceramic material body out of the sintering mold, perform external trimming, and perform electrode assembly.
  • the impulse current is small when the temperature coefficient of resistance TCR is large, and the impulse current is small when the temperature coefficient of resistance TCR is small.
  • the cost of the supporting power supply and control components can be greatly reduced. It effectively solves the problems of high cost and difficult control of the original ceramic structural material body in the actual application of supporting control electronic components, and reaches the similar performance index of the international ceramic material structural body.

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Abstract

一种用于陶瓷电热体的复合型材料，复合型材料的制备成分包括氮化硅、二硅化钼、碳化硅、氧化钇、氧化铝和氧化镧。该复合型材料，可使得陶瓷电热体的冲击电流小。

Description

一种用于陶瓷电热体的复合型材料 技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合型材料，尤其涉及可用于陶瓷电热体的复合型材料。
背景技术
陶瓷电热体作为一种导体材料，可将其作为点火机构的电热体使用，通过陶瓷在通电瞬间达到的极高温度，进行点火或加热。可应用在发动机点火、燃气灶点火、热水器点火、红外辐射源、氧传感器加热、烙铁头加热等等领域。陶瓷材料的电热体具有启动快、耐高温、耐腐蚀、强度高寿命长等优势。
在中国专利CN100484337C中公开了一种多层圆形陶瓷电热体及其制备工艺，并具体公开了陶瓷电热体的电阻层、绝缘层及导电层的组成成分包含Si 3N 4、Al 2O 3、Y 2O 3、MoSi 2四种成分；Si 3N 4作用为形成网状组织结构，Al 2O 3及Y 2O 3作用为调节网状组织，MoSi 2作用为形成导电发热材料。
通过上述成分制备的陶瓷电热体反应速度快、温度高、达到预期温度的时间段，使用寿命长，制作工艺的成品率高，制造成本低。
但是上述专利中的制备材料所制备的复合型材料，在一些应用中依然存在以下问题：电阻温度系数大，冲击电流大，直接导致供电电源的成本增加，因电流/电阻变化速度快，在采用功率控制时算法复杂。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种冲击电流小的复合型材料，同时降低使用该材料制备的陶瓷电热体的应用成本。
为了实现上述目的，本发明是这样实现的：一种用于陶瓷电热体的复合型材料，其特征在于：复合型材料的制备成分包括氮化硅、二硅化钼、碳化硅、氧化钇、氧化铝和氧化镧。其中氮化硅、二硅化钼和碳化硅为主功能性材料，氧化铝、氧化钇和氧化镧为辅助性材料。
为进一步降低冲击电流，所述复合型材料的成分按以下比例制备：氮化硅、碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝(200-900)：(50-900)：(500-2800)：(40-100)：(10-90)：(5-80)。
进一步的，复合型材料按以下材料份数制备而成：氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝(300-800)：(400-900)：(800-2800)：(40-100)：(30-90)：(5-80)。采用上述材料份数制备而成的复合型材料适合作为陶瓷电热体的发热层。
进一步的，复合型材料按以下材料份数制备而成：氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝(400-900)：(50-200)：(500-800)：(40-90)：(30-80)：(5-60)。采用上述材料份数制备而成的复合型材料适合作为陶瓷电热体的绝缘层。
进一步的，复合型材料按以下材料份数制备而成：氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼、氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝(200-700)：(100-700)：(600-1500)：(40-80)：(10-70)：(5-50)。采用上述材料份数制备而成的复合型材料适合作为陶瓷电热体的导电层。
优选的，所述主功能性材料还包括碳化钨。
优选的，所述辅助性材料还包括氧化镱。
一种陶瓷电热体，采用上述所述的复合型材料制备而成。
有益效果：
采用本发明的复合型材料及陶瓷电热体，具有以下优势：
1.达到不同的电阻温度系数TCR，实现了负温度系数到正温度系数的任意转换，既能实现TCR＝-500，也可达到TCR＝5000,同时保证了原有陶瓷材料的多种性能优势，如启动快、耐高温、耐腐蚀、高强度等。
2、冲击电流小：同时做到了电阻温度系数TCR大时冲击电流小，且电阻温度系数TCR小时冲击电流也小。对于负或低的TCR，因为启动电流的降低，可以极大降低配套使用的电源及控制元件的成本。有效解决了原有的陶瓷结构材料体在实际应用配套控制电子元件成本高、控制困难的问题，达到国际陶瓷材料结构体类同性能指标。如以前采用为100W电源通过本发明的材料的使用可采用60W的电源，降低电源容量的要求。
具体实施方式
下面将通过附图中所示的实施例来介绍本发明，但本发明并不局限于所介绍的实施方式，任何在本实施例基本精神上的改进或替代，仍属于本发明权利要求 所要求保护的范围：
实施例：一种的复合型材料，其制备成分包括氮化硅(Si3N4)、二硅化钼(MOSi2)、碳化硅(SiC)、氧化钇(Y2O3)、氧化铝(Al2O3)和氧化镧(La2O3)。其中氮化硅、二硅化钼和碳化硅为主功能性材料，提供复合型材料制备成陶瓷电热体后的高温性能、发热性能、导电性能等。氧化铝、氧化钇和氧化镧为辅助性材料，主要帮助复合材料在制备陶瓷电热体时帮助陶瓷烧结、提高室温、高温强度、耐高温氧化能力等。
其中，所述复合型材料的成分按以下比例制备：氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝(200-900)：(50-900)：(500-2800)：(40-100)：(10-90)：(5-80)；可选择但不限于不同的比例份数进行制备：
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝200：50：500：40：10：5；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝200：400：500：40：10：5；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝200：50：1000：40：10：5；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝200：50：500：80：10：5；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝200：50：500：40：50：5；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝200：50：500：40：10：50；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝500：50：500：40：10：5；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝400：800：500：55：70：76；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝600：700：1200：70：30：20；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝800：70：2100： 67：60：35；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝900：900：2800：100：90：80。
其中，本实施例中的复合型材料可用来制备陶瓷电热体，本实施例中的陶瓷电热体为多成陶瓷电热体，包括但不限于发热层、绝缘层和导电层等。
对于发热层，可采用按以下材料份数制备的复合型材料：氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝(300-800)：(400-900)：(800-2800)：(40-100)：(30-90)：(5-80)。
可选择但不限于不同的比例份数进行制备：
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝300：400：800：40：30：5；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝400：800：1800：50：60：20；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝600：700：2000：80：70：70；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝700：4、500：1200：60：70：70；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝800：900：2800：100：90：80。
对于绝缘层，可采用按以下材料份数制备的复合型材料：氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝(400-900)：(50-200)：(500-800)：(40-90)：(30-80)：(5-60)。
可选择但不限于不同的比例份数进行制备：
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝400：50：500：40：30：5；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝500：100：600：60：70：35；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝700：150：700：50：40：30；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝800：90：650：70：40：50；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝900：200：800：90：80：60。
对于导电层，可采用按以下材料份数制备的复合型材料：氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝(200-700)：(100-700)：(600-1500)：(40-80)：(10-70)：(5-50)。
可选择但不限于不同的比例份数进行制备：
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝200：100：600：40：10：5；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝400：300：800：60：30：15；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝600：500：1000：70：50：30；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝500：600：1300：50：60：45；
如氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝700：700：1500：80：70：50。
作为本实施例中的另一实施方式，所述主功能性材料还包括碳化钨(WC)。
作为本实施例中的另一实施方式，所述辅助性材料还包括氧化镱(Yb2O3)。
一种陶瓷电热体，采用上述所述的复合型材料制备而成。
其中，本实施例中的陶瓷电热体为由内之外的多层层状结构，至少具有两层以上，当为两层时内层结构为电阻层，外层结构为导电层。当为三层结构时，内层结构为电阻层，中间层结构为绝缘层，外层结构为导电层。
其中，本实施例中的多层陶瓷电热体采用注浆防止制造，并包括以下步骤：
步骤1：制备混合浆料：氮化硅、碳化硅、二硅化钼、氧化钇、氧化镧、氧化铝粉末，按照重量配比加水混合搅拌均匀，装入容器内。其中，根据多层陶瓷电热体的不同层调配不同的混合浆料，装备在不同的容器中备用。
作为本实施例中的一种实施方式，以上材料成分的总和重量：水重＝1：(1-4)。
步骤2：注浆成型：将两端开口的注浆模放入注浆机上，再将混合好的陶瓷浆料注入注浆机内开始注浆成型。按照陶瓷电热体的层数分次注浆，才用由外层至内层的方式依次注浆。
步骤3：烧结：将干燥已失水的陶瓷胚体铜注浆模取出，放入烧结模内，最后将装有陶瓷生胚体的烧结模放入烧结炉内烧结，在温度1400℃、压力2000-5000Kpa下烧结7-12个小时。
步骤4：将烧结完后的陶瓷材料体从烧结模中取出，进行外部修整，并进行电极装配。
采用本实施例的复合型材料制造的陶瓷电热体，达到不同的电阻温度系数TCR，实现了负温度系数到正温度系数的任意转换，既能实现TCR＝-500，也可达到TCR＝5000,同时保证了原有陶瓷材料的多种性能优势，如启动快、耐高温、耐腐蚀、高强度等。
冲击电流小：同时做到了电阻温度系数TCR大时冲击电流小，且电阻温度系数TCR小时冲击电流也小。对于负或低的TCR，因为启动电流的降低，可以极大降低配套使用的电源及控制元件的成本。有效解决了原有的陶瓷结构材料体在实际应用配套控制电子元件成本高、控制困难的问题，达到国际陶瓷材料结构体类同性能指标。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种用于陶瓷电热体的复合型材料，其特征在于：复合型材料的制备成分包括氮化硅、二硅化钼、碳化硅、氧化钇、氧化铝和氧化镧。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的复合型材料，其特征在于：所述复合型材料的成分按以下比例制备：氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝(200-900)：(50-900)：(500-2800)：(40-100)：(10-90)：(5-80)。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的复合型材料，其特征在于：按以下材料份数制备而成：氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝(300-800)：(400-900)：(800-2800)：(40-100)：(30-90)：(5-80)。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的复合型材料，其特征在于：按以下材料份数制备而成：氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝(400-900)：(50-200)：(500-800)：(40-90)：(30-80)：(5-60)。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的复合型材料，其特征在于：按以下材料份数制备而成：氮化硅：碳化硅：二硅化钼：氧化钇：氧化镧：氧化铝＝(200-700)：(100-700)：(600-1500)：(40-80)：(10-70)：(5-50)。
  6. 如权利要求1、2、3、4或5所述的复合型材料，其特征在于：所述主功能性材料还包括碳化钨。
  7. 如权利要求1、2、3、4或5所述的复合型材料，其特征在于：所述辅助性材料还包括氧化镱。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的复合型材料，其特征在于：所述辅助性材料还包括氧化镱。
  9. 一种陶瓷电热体，其特征在于：采用上述任一项权利要求所述复合型材料制造而成。
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CN114679801A (zh) * 2022-03-30 2022-06-28 重庆利迈科技有限公司 一种全陶瓷发热体
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