WO2021053820A1 - 空気調和機 - Google Patents

空気調和機 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021053820A1
WO2021053820A1 PCT/JP2019/037053 JP2019037053W WO2021053820A1 WO 2021053820 A1 WO2021053820 A1 WO 2021053820A1 JP 2019037053 W JP2019037053 W JP 2019037053W WO 2021053820 A1 WO2021053820 A1 WO 2021053820A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
temperature
indoor
refrigerant
refrigerant pipe
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/037053
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
雅一 佐藤
近藤　雅一
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to CN201980099827.3A priority Critical patent/CN114364933B/zh
Priority to US17/619,770 priority patent/US11959672B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2019/037053 priority patent/WO2021053820A1/ja
Priority to JP2021546160A priority patent/JP7262595B2/ja
Priority to DE112019007729.5T priority patent/DE112019007729T5/de
Priority to SE2250147A priority patent/SE2250147A1/en
Publication of WO2021053820A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021053820A1/ja

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
    • F25B6/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/006—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for two pipes connecting the outdoor side to the indoor side with multiple indoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02742—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using two four-way valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air conditioner, and more particularly to an air conditioner capable of heating defrost operation in which defrosting of an outdoor heat exchanger and heating of a room are performed at the same time.
  • Frost may adhere to the outdoor heat exchanger during heating operation with an air conditioner.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing inside and the outdoor air.
  • frost adheres to the outdoor heat exchanger
  • the heat exchange efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger is reduced, and the heating efficiency of the air conditioner is lowered.
  • the air conditioner may carry out a defrosting operation in order to melt the frost adhering to the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the defrosting operation the heating operation is stopped and the four-way valve is switched to the same state as in the cooling operation. Then, as in the cooling operation, the outdoor heat exchanger functions as a condenser to melt the frost adhering to the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger that functions as an evaporator becomes low. Therefore, if the indoor fan is kept rotating, cold air is blown from the indoor unit. In that case, the comfort of the room is significantly deteriorated. Therefore, the indoor fan is stopped during the defrosting operation. When the heating operation is restarted after the defrosting operation is performed, the rotation of the indoor fan is started after the indoor heat exchanger has warmed up.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger is divided into upper and lower parts, one of which is a first heat exchanger and the other of which is a second heat exchanger.
  • the air conditioner is provided with a bypass circuit that allows a part of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor to flow to the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.
  • the control device communicates the bypass circuit with the first heat exchanger by switching the flow path switching valve when defrosting the first heat exchanger. Let me. As a result, a part of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor flows to the first heat exchanger via the bypass. As a result, the frost in the first heat exchanger melts. During that time, the second heat exchanger continues to function as an evaporator, so that the heating operation in the indoor heat exchanger can be maintained.
  • the bypass circuit and the second heat exchanger are switched by switching the flow path switching valve.
  • the first heat exchanger can function as an evaporator while defrosting the second heat exchanger.
  • the heating defrost operation is performed in which the heating operation in the indoor heat exchanger is continued while alternately defrosting the two heat exchangers installed outdoors. Can be done. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the indoor comfort from being lost even during defrosting.
  • the heating operation is stopped, so that the temperature in the room drops and the comfort deteriorates.
  • the heating operation can be continued and warm air can be blown out.
  • the heating capacity may be lower than that of normal heating operation. In that case, the temperature of the wind blown from the indoor unit decreases. In this case, although not as much as the defrosting operation, the room temperature is lowered and the comfort in the room is deteriorated.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner that suppresses a decrease in room temperature during heating defrost operation and maintains indoor comfort. There is.
  • the air exchanger according to the present invention is connected to a compressor having a suction port for sucking the refrigerant and a discharge port for discharging the refrigerant, and the discharge port of the compressor during heating operation, and functions as a condenser.
  • a flow path switching device provided between the bypass pipe and the outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor fan that conveys air to the indoor heat exchanger, a temperature detector that detects the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger, and the like.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger in which the refrigerant flow paths are independent of each other, and the flow path switching device follows a control signal from the control unit. , Switching between the connection and disconnection between the first heat exchanger and the bypass pipe, and switching between the connection and disconnection between the second heat exchanger and the bypass pipe, and the control unit.
  • the heating operation, the first heat exchanger, and the first which causes the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger to function as an evaporator and the indoor heat exchanger to function as a condenser.
  • a heating defrost operation in which one of the heat exchangers functions as an evaporator, the other of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger functions as a condenser, and the indoor heat exchanger functions as a condenser.
  • the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger detected by the temperature detector at the start of the heating defrost operation is set as the first temperature, and the indoor heat exchanger detected by the temperature detector during the heating defrost operation.
  • the control unit has the second temperature lower than the first temperature and the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature during the heating defrost operation.
  • it is equal to or more than the first set value the rotation speed of the indoor fan is lowered.
  • the air conditioner according to the present invention it is possible to suppress a decrease in room temperature during heating defrost operation and maintain indoor comfort.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which showed the structure of the air conditioner which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a figure explaining the control method of the rotation speed of the indoor fan in the air conditioner which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the control process of the rotation speed of an indoor fan in the air conditioner which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which showed the structure of the air conditioner which concerns on Embodiment 2. It is a block diagram which showed the structure of the air conditioner which concerns on Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. It is a figure which showed the state of the 1st flow path switching device and the 2nd flow path switching device in each operation mode of the air conditioner which concerns on Embodiments 1 to 4.
  • the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.
  • the present invention includes all combinations of configurations that can be combined among the configurations shown in the following embodiments. Further, in each figure, those having the same reference numerals are the same or equivalent thereof, which are common in the entire text of the specification. In each drawing, the relative dimensional relationship or shape of each component may differ from the actual one.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the air conditioner 100 according to the first embodiment.
  • the air conditioner 100 is a separate type air conditioner in which the outdoor unit 1 and the indoor unit 2 are connected by a refrigerant pipe, an electric wiring, or the like.
  • the air conditioner 100 includes a refrigeration cycle, a blower, and a control system.
  • the refrigeration cycle 3 includes a compressor 10, a four-way valve 20, a flow path switching valve 70, an outdoor heat exchanger 50, an expansion valve 30, an indoor heat exchanger 40, a bypass valve 60, a bypass pipe 80, and refrigerant pipes 81 and 82. , 83, 84, 85, 86A, 86B, 87A, 87B, 88, 89, 91.
  • the refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant flow path in the order of the compressor 10, the indoor heat exchanger 40, the expansion valve 30, and the outdoor heat exchanger 50.
  • various refrigerants can be adopted, and for example, R32, R410A and the like can be adopted.
  • the refrigeration cycle 3 is configured to be capable of performing heating operation, defrosting operation, heating defrost operation, and cooling operation.
  • the blower includes an indoor fan 400, an indoor fan motor 500, an outdoor fan 95, and an outdoor fan motor 96, which will be described later.
  • the control system includes a control unit 300 and a control unit 301, which will be described later, and various sensors such as a temperature detection unit 200.
  • an indoor heat exchanger 40, a temperature detection unit 200, an indoor fan 400, an indoor fan motor 500, and a control unit 301 are housed in the housing of the indoor unit 2.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 40 is connected between the refrigerant pipe 84 and the refrigerant pipe 83.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 40 has a heat transfer tube and heat exchange fins.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 40 exchanges heat between the indoor air and the refrigerant flowing in the heat transfer tube.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 40 functions as a condenser during the heating operation and the heating defrost operation, and functions as an evaporator during the defrosting operation and the cooling operation.
  • the temperature detection unit 200 is provided in the indoor heat exchanger 40.
  • the temperature detection unit 200 detects the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 40 at regular intervals.
  • the temperature data of the indoor heat exchanger 40 detected by the temperature detection unit 200 is stored in a memory provided in the control unit 300, which will be described later.
  • the temperature data stored in the memory may be only the latest data, but may be historical data for a certain period of time.
  • the temperature detection unit 200 measures the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 40 during the cooling operation, the heating operation, and the heating defrost operation.
  • the temperature detection unit 200 may detect the temperature of the refrigerant flowing inside the indoor heat exchanger 40 as the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 40.
  • the temperature detection unit 200 may detect the surface temperature of the heat transfer tube of the indoor heat exchanger 40 and output it as the temperature of the refrigerant. Alternatively, the temperature detection unit 200 may detect the temperature of the heat exchange fins of the indoor heat exchanger 40 as the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 40. As the temperature detection unit 200, various sensors such as a temperature sensor and an infrared sensor that can detect the temperature can be adopted.
  • the indoor fan 400 is arranged so as to convey indoor air to the indoor heat exchanger 40.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 40 is arranged on the upstream side of the indoor fan 400.
  • the indoor fan motor 500 drives the indoor fan 400.
  • the control unit 301 controls the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400 by outputting a control signal to the indoor fan motor 500. By changing the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400, the amount of heat exchange between the refrigerant and the indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 40 can be adjusted.
  • the data of the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400 is stored in the memory of the control unit 301 at regular intervals.
  • the rotation speed data stored in the memory may be only the latest data, but may be historical data for a certain period of time.
  • the control unit 301 has a microcomputer equipped with a processor, ROM, RAM, I / O port, and the like.
  • the ROM and RAM are the memories of the control unit 301.
  • a detection signal from the temperature detection unit 200 and an operation signal from the operation unit that accepts an operation by the user are input to the control unit 301.
  • the control unit 301 controls the operation of the entire indoor unit 2 including the indoor heat exchanger 40, the indoor fan motor 500, and the indoor fan 400 based on these input signals.
  • the control unit 301 of the indoor unit 2 and the control unit 300 of the outdoor unit 1 communicate necessary information with each other. For example, information on the start and end of the heating defrost operation is transmitted from the control unit 300 of the outdoor unit 1 to the control unit 301 of the indoor unit 2.
  • a compressor 10 Inside the housing of the outdoor unit 1, a compressor 10, a four-way valve 20, an expansion valve 30, an outdoor heat exchanger 50, a bypass valve 60, a flow path switching valve 70, a control unit 300, an outdoor fan 95, and an outdoor fan motor 96 is stored.
  • the compressor 10 has a suction port 10a for sucking the refrigerant and a discharge port 10b for discharging the refrigerant.
  • the suction port 10a of the compressor 10 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 91, and the discharge port 10b of the compressor 10 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 81.
  • the compressor 10 compresses the low-pressure refrigerant sucked from the refrigerant pipe 91 and discharges it to the refrigerant pipe 81 as the high-pressure refrigerant. Therefore, the refrigerant pipe 91 is the suction pipe of the compressor 10, and the refrigerant pipe 81 is the discharge pipe of the compressor 10.
  • an inverter-driven compressor whose operating frequency can be adjusted is used.
  • An operating frequency range is preset in the compressor 10.
  • the compressor 10 operates at a variable operating frequency included in the operating frequency range according to a control signal from the control unit 300.
  • the output of the compressor 10 can be adjusted by changing the operating frequency of the compressor 10.
  • Various types of compressor 10 can be adopted, for example, a rotary type, a reciprocating type, a scroll type, a screw type and the like can be adopted.
  • the four-way valve 20 is a first flow path switching device that switches the flow direction of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle 3.
  • the four-way valve 20 has four ports E, F, G, and H.
  • a refrigerant pipe 89 is connected to the port E
  • a refrigerant pipe 91 is connected to the port F
  • a refrigerant pipe 82 is connected to the port G
  • a refrigerant pipe 83 is connected to the port H.
  • the refrigerant pipe 82 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 81, which is the discharge pipe of the compressor 10.
  • the four-way valve 20 has a first state in which port E and port F communicate with each other and port G and port H communicate with each other as shown by the solid line in FIG. It is possible to take a second state in which the port H communicates with each other and the port E and the port G communicate with each other.
  • the four-way valve 20 is set to the first state during the heating operation and the heating defrost operation, and is set to the second state during the defrosting operation and the cooling operation by the control signal from the control unit 300. Will be done.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the states of the first flow path switching device and the second flow path switching device in each operation mode of the air conditioners according to the first to fourth embodiments.
  • the four-way valve 20 is used as the first flow path switching device, but the case is not limited to that case.
  • the first flow path switching device a combination of a plurality of two-way valves or three-way valves can also be used.
  • the port G and the port E are communicated with each other, and the port H and the port F are communicated with each other.
  • the refrigerant pipe 82 and the refrigerant pipe 89 are connected, and the refrigerant pipe 83 and the refrigerant pipe 91 are connected.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 50 is a fin tube type heat exchanger having a plurality of heat transfer tubes and a plurality of heat exchange fins.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 50 has two heat exchangers 50A and 50B in which the refrigerant flow paths are independent of each other. That is, the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B are connected in parallel to each other in the refrigeration cycle 3.
  • the heat exchanger 50A is arranged above the heat exchanger 50B in the vertical direction.
  • the upper heat exchanger 50A will be referred to as a first heat exchanger 50A
  • the lower heat exchanger 50B will be referred to as a second heat exchanger 50B.
  • the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B are arranged vertically.
  • the heat exchange fins of the first heat exchanger 50A and the heat exchange fins of the second heat exchanger 50B may or may not be divided.
  • Both the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B have a plurality of heat transfer tubes and a plurality of heat exchange fins inside.
  • the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B exchange heat between the refrigerant flowing through the heat transfer tube and the outdoor air blown by the outdoor fan 95.
  • the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B function as an evaporator during the heating operation and as a condenser during the cooling operation and the defrosting operation.
  • one of the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B functions as an evaporator, and the other functions as a condenser.
  • the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B can perform defrosting when functioning as a condenser. In the heating defrost operation, the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B alternately function as condensers.
  • the outdoor fan 95 is arranged so as to convey the outdoor air to the outdoor heat exchanger 50.
  • the outdoor fan 95 is a propeller fan
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 50 is arranged on the upstream side of the outdoor fan 95.
  • the outdoor fan motor 96 drives the outdoor fan 95.
  • the control unit 300 changes the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 95 by controlling the outdoor fan motor 96 by outputting a control signal. By changing the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 95, the amount of heat exchange between the refrigerant and the outdoor air in the outdoor heat exchanger 50 can be adjusted.
  • the outdoor fan 95 may be composed of one fan or two fans.
  • the outdoor fan 95 is composed of one fan, the fan blows air to both the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B.
  • the outdoor fan 95 is composed of two fans, those two fans are arranged one above the other.
  • One end of the refrigerant pipe 81 is connected to the discharge port 10b of the compressor 10. Further, the other end of the refrigerant pipe 81, one end of the bypass pipe 80, and one end of the refrigerant pipe 82 are connected to each other so as to branch from the other end of the refrigerant pipe 81 to the bypass pipe 80 and the refrigerant pipe 82. The other end of the refrigerant pipe 82 is connected to the port G of the four-way valve 20. The other end of the bypass pipe 80 is connected to the bypass valve 60.
  • the refrigerant pipe 83 connects the port H of the four-way valve 20 and the indoor heat exchanger 40.
  • the refrigerant pipe 84 connects the indoor heat exchanger 40 and the expansion valve 30.
  • One end of the refrigerant pipe 85 is connected to the expansion valve 30.
  • the other end of the refrigerant pipe 85, one end of the refrigerant pipe 86A and one end of the refrigerant pipe 86B are connected to each other at the connection point 73 so that the other end of the refrigerant pipe 85 branches into the refrigerant pipe 86A and the refrigerant pipe 86B. It is connected.
  • the other end of the refrigerant pipe 86A is connected to the first heat exchanger 50A, and the other end of the refrigerant pipe 86B is connected to the second heat exchanger 50B.
  • the refrigerant pipe 86A is provided with a capillary tube 72A, and the refrigerant pipe 86B is provided with a capillary tube 72B.
  • the refrigerant pipe 87A connects the first heat exchanger 50A and the port B2 of the flow path switching valve 70, and the refrigerant pipe 87B connects the second heat exchanger 50B and the port B1 of the flow path switching valve 70.
  • the refrigerant pipe 88 connects the bypass valve 60 and the port A of the flow path switching valve 70.
  • the refrigerant pipe 89 connects the port C of the flow path switching valve 70 and the port E of the four-way valve 20.
  • the refrigerant pipe 91 connects the port F of the four-way valve 20 and the suction port 10a of the compressor 10.
  • the expansion valve 30 is an example of a pressure reducing device that depressurizes the inflowing high-pressure refrigerant and causes it to flow out as a low-pressure refrigerant.
  • an electronic expansion valve whose opening degree can be adjusted by a control signal from the control unit 300 is used.
  • the bypass pipe 80 is a hot gas bypass flow path that supplies a part of the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 10b of the compressor 10 to the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B.
  • the refrigerant supplied from the bypass pipe 80 is used for defrosting the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B.
  • a bypass valve 60 as a throttle device is connected to the bypass pipe 80.
  • the bypass valve 60 depressurizes the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 10b of the compressor 10 to a medium pressure.
  • the refrigerant whose medium pressure is adjusted by the bypass valve 60 is guided to the first heat exchanger 50A via the flow path switching valve 70.
  • the refrigerant whose medium pressure is adjusted by the bypass valve 60 is guided to the second heat exchanger 50B via the flow path switching valve 70.
  • the bypass valve 60 an electronic expansion valve whose opening degree can be adjusted by a control signal from the control unit 300 is used, but the bypass valve 60 is not limited to this case, and a capillary tube may be used.
  • the flow path switching valve 70 is an example of a second flow path switching device that switches the flow of the refrigerant between the heating operation, the defrosting operation, the cooling operation, and the heating defrost operation.
  • the second flow path switching device connects and disconnects the first heat exchanger 50A and the bypass pipe 80 according to the control signal from the control unit 300, and between the second heat exchanger 50B and the bypass pipe 80. Switch between connecting and disconnecting.
  • a four-way valve having four ports A, B1, B2, and C is used as the flow path switching valve 70.
  • the flow path switching valve 70 may take states I, II and III according to the control signal from the control unit 300. In the state I, as shown by the solid line in FIG.
  • port C and port B1 communicate with each other, and port C and port B2 communicate with each other, but port A does not communicate with either port B1 or port B2.
  • port A and port B1 communicate with each other, and port C and port B2 communicate with each other.
  • port A and port B2 communicate with each other, and port C and port B1 communicate with each other.
  • the flow path switching valve 70 is set to the state I during the heating operation, the defrosting operation, and the cooling operation, and is set to the state II or the state III during the heating defrost operation under the control of the control unit 300.
  • the control unit 300 has a microcomputer equipped with a processor, ROM, RAM, I / O port, and the like.
  • the ROM and RAM are the memories of the control unit 300.
  • the control unit 300 is input with detection signals from various sensors provided for the outdoor unit 1 and information transmitted from the indoor unit 2.
  • the control unit 300 changes the frequency of the compressor 10, the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 95, and the four-way valve 20, the expansion valve 30, the flow path switching valve 70, based on the input signals and information. Then, the opening degree of the bypass valve 60 is adjusted.
  • the operation of the air conditioner 100 will be described.
  • There are four operation modes of the air conditioner 100 cooling operation, heating operation, defrosting operation, and heating defrost operation.
  • the difference between the defrosting operation and the heating defrost operation will be explained.
  • the defrosting operation is an operation in which the heating is temporarily stopped and the outdoor heat exchanger 50 is defrosted.
  • the heating defrost operation is an operation in which the outdoor heat exchanger 50 is defrosted while heating.
  • the four-way valve 20 is set to the second state.
  • port F and port H communicate with each other
  • port E and port G communicate with each other.
  • the flow path switching valve 70 is set to the state I.
  • the port C and the port B1 communicate with each other
  • the port C and the port B2 communicate with each other.
  • the bypass valve 60 may be open or closed.
  • the flow path switching valve 70 communicates the port B1 and the port C and the port B2 and the port C, even if the refrigerant is present in the refrigerant pipe 88, the refrigerant is transferred from the port A to another port. Does not flow out.
  • the settings of the four-way valve 20, the flow path switching valve 70, and the bypass valve 60 are the same during the cooling operation and the defrosting operation.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 10b of the compressor 10 is diverted by the flow path switching valve 70 via the four-way valve 20 to each of the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B. Inflow.
  • both the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B function as condensers. That is, the gas refrigerant flowing into each of the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B is condensed into a liquid refrigerant.
  • frost is attached to each of the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B.
  • both the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B function as condensers. Therefore, in each of the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B, the frost adhering to each of the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B is melted by the heat radiation from the refrigerant flowing inside. To do. As a result, the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B are defrosted.
  • the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchanger 50A flows into the refrigerant pipe 86A and is depressurized by the capillary tube 72A.
  • the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the second heat exchanger 50B flows into the refrigerant pipe 86B and is depressurized by the capillary tube 72B.
  • These liquid refrigerants merge at the connection point 73 of the refrigerant pipe 86A and the refrigerant pipe 85, and flow into the expansion valve 30.
  • the liquid refrigerant is further depressurized by the expansion valve 30 to become a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant.
  • the two-phase refrigerant flowing out of the expansion valve 30 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 40 via the refrigerant pipe 84.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 40 functions as an evaporator. That is, in the indoor heat exchanger 40, the refrigerant flowing inside absorbs heat from the indoor air. As a result, the two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the indoor heat exchanger 40 evaporates to become a low-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 40 is sucked from the suction port 10a of the compressor 10 via the refrigerant pipe 83 and the four-way valve 20.
  • the gas refrigerant sucked into the compressor 10 is compressed to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the above cycle is continuously repeated.
  • the four-way valve 20 is set to the first state.
  • port E and port F are communicated with each other, and port G and port H are communicated with each other.
  • the flow path switching valve 70 is set to the state I.
  • the port C and the port B1 communicate with each other, and the port C and the port B2 communicate with each other.
  • the compressor 10 sucks the refrigerant from the refrigerant pipe 91 and compresses it.
  • the compressed refrigerant flows to the refrigerant pipe 83 via the refrigerant pipe 81, the refrigerant pipe 82, and the four-way valve 20.
  • the refrigerant flows into the indoor heat exchanger 40 from the refrigerant pipe 83.
  • the refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 10 to become superheated steam at high temperature and high pressure.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 40 exchanges heat between a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant and indoor air. By this heat exchange, the refrigerant is condensed and liquefied.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 40 functions as a condenser.
  • the liquefied refrigerant flows from the indoor heat exchanger 40 to the refrigerant pipe 84.
  • the control unit 300 can adjust the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400 by outputting a control signal. By adjusting the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400, the amount of air conveyed to the indoor heat exchanger 40 changes, and the amount of heat exchanged between the refrigerant and the air in the indoor heat exchanger 40 can be adjusted.
  • the refrigerant is depressurized by the expansion valve 30 to become a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant.
  • the two-phase refrigerant flowing out of the expansion valve 30 flows into the refrigerant pipe 85.
  • the control unit 300 can adjust the opening degree of the expansion valve 30 by outputting a control signal.
  • the amount of reduced pressure of the refrigerant can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the expansion valve 30.
  • the opening degree of the expansion valve 30 is changed in the opening direction, the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the expansion valve 30 increases.
  • the opening degree of the expansion valve 30 is changed in the closing direction, the pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the expansion valve 30 decreases.
  • the refrigerant decompressed by the expansion valve 30 and flows out to the refrigerant pipe 85 branches into the refrigerant pipe 86A and the refrigerant pipe 86B.
  • the two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the refrigerant pipe 86A is further depressurized by the capillary tube 72A and flows into the first heat exchanger 50A.
  • the two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the refrigerant pipe 86B is further depressurized by the capillary tube 72B and flows into the second heat exchanger 50B.
  • both the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B function as evaporators. That is, in each of the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B, heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant flowing inside and the outdoor air blown by the outdoor fan 95, and the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outdoor air. .. As a result, the two-phase refrigerant flowing into each of the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B evaporates to become a low-pressure superheated refrigerant.
  • the control unit 300 can adjust the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 95 by outputting a control signal.
  • the amount of air transferred to each of the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B changes, and the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B are changed.
  • the amount of heat exchanged between the refrigerant and the air in each of the above can be adjusted.
  • the refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchanger 50A flows into the refrigerant pipe 87A, and the refrigerant flowing out from the second heat exchanger 50B flows into the refrigerant pipe 87B.
  • the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 87A and the refrigerant pipe 87B is merged by the flow path switching valve 70 as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1, and flows from the port C to the refrigerant pipe 89.
  • the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 89 flows from the refrigerant pipe 91 to the compressor 10 via the four-way valve 20. During the heating operation, the above cycle is continuously repeated.
  • the opening degree of the bypass valve 60 may be open or fully closed. Since the flow path switching valve 70 communicates the port B1 and the port C and the port B2 and the port C, even if the refrigerant is present in the refrigerant pipe 88, the refrigerant is transferred from the port A to another port. Does not flow out.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 50 may be frosted and need to be defrosted. In that case, it is conceivable to temporarily stop the heating operation, switch to the defrosting operation, and flow the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 10 to the outdoor heat exchanger 50. In this case, since the heating operation is interrupted, the room temperature drops and the comfort of the room is lost.
  • the flow path switching valve 70 is operated to alternately defrost the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B while continuing the heating operation.
  • the heating defrost operation will be described below.
  • the four-way valve 20 is set to the first state.
  • port E and port F communicate with each other
  • port G and port H communicate with each other.
  • the flow path switching valve 70 is alternately set in the state II and the state III.
  • state II port A and port B1 communicate with each other
  • port C and port B2 communicate with each other
  • state III port A and port B2 communicate with each other, and port C and port B1 communicate with each other.
  • the first heat exchanger 50A and the bypass pipe 80 are cut off, and the second heat exchanger 50B and the bypass pipe 80 communicate with each other.
  • the first heat exchanger 50A and the bypass pipe 80 communicate with each other, and the second heat exchanger 50B and the bypass pipe 80 are cut off.
  • the flow path switching valve 70 is set to state III. ..
  • the refrigerant pipe 88 and the refrigerant pipe 87A are connected, and the refrigerant pipe 89 and the refrigerant pipe 87B are connected.
  • a part of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the bypass pipe 80.
  • the remaining high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows to the indoor heat exchanger 40 via the refrigerant pipe 82, the four-way valve 20, and the refrigerant pipe 83.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the bypass pipe 80 is depressurized by the bypass valve 60.
  • the decompressed refrigerant flows from the bypass valve 60 into the first heat exchanger 50A to be defrosted via the refrigerant pipe 88, the flow path switching valve 70, and the refrigerant pipe 87A.
  • the first heat exchanger 50A functions as a condenser.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the first heat exchanger 50A condenses while exchanging heat with frost, and defrosts the first heat exchanger 50A.
  • the opening degree of the bypass valve 60 by changing the opening degree of the bypass valve 60, the amount of refrigerant flowing into the first heat exchanger 50A to be defrosted can be adjusted, and the amount of heat exchanged between the refrigerant and frost can be adjusted.
  • the opening degree of the bypass valve 60 is changed in the opening direction, the amount of refrigerant at the outlet of the bypass valve 60 increases, the amount of refrigerant flowing through the first heat exchanger 50A increases, and the amount of heat exchanged between the refrigerant and frost increases. To do. At this time, the amount of refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 40 decreases, so that the heating capacity decreases.
  • the opening degree of the bypass valve 60 is changed in the closing direction, the amount of refrigerant at the outlet of the bypass valve 60 decreases, the amount of refrigerant flowing through the first heat exchanger 50A decreases, and the amount of heat exchanged between the refrigerant and frost. Decreases. At this time, the amount of refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 40 increases, so that the heating capacity increases.
  • the bypass valve 60 is controlled by a control signal from the control unit 300.
  • the refrigerant condensed by the first heat exchanger 50A merges with the refrigerant condensed by the indoor heat exchanger 40 and decompressed by the expansion valve 30 at the connection point 73 between the refrigerant pipe 86A and the refrigerant pipe 85, and joins the refrigerant pipe 86B. It flows.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the refrigerant pipe 86B flows into the second heat exchanger 50B and evaporates. At this time, the second heat exchanger 50B functions as an evaporator. After that, the refrigerant returns to the compressor 10 via the refrigerant pipe 87B, the flow path switching valve 70, the refrigerant pipe 89, the four-way valve 20, and the refrigerant pipe 91.
  • the flow path switching valve 70 is set to the state II. Will be done.
  • the refrigerant pipe 88 and the refrigerant pipe 87B are connected, and the refrigerant pipe 87A and the refrigerant pipe 89 are connected.
  • a part of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the bypass pipe 80.
  • the remaining high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows to the indoor heat exchanger 40 via the refrigerant pipe 82, the four-way valve 20, and the refrigerant pipe 83.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the bypass pipe 80 is depressurized by the bypass valve 60.
  • the decompressed refrigerant flows from the bypass valve 60 into the second heat exchanger 50B to be defrosted via the refrigerant pipe 88, the flow path switching valve 70, and the refrigerant pipe 87B.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the second heat exchanger 50B condenses while exchanging heat with frost, and defrosts the second heat exchanger 50B. At this time, the second heat exchanger 50B functions as a condenser.
  • the amount of refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 50B which is the target of defrosting, is adjusted, and the amount of heat exchanged between the refrigerant and frost. Can be adjusted. Since the operation at this time is the same as that in the case where the defrosting target is the first heat exchanger 50A, the above description is referred to, and detailed description thereof will be omitted here.
  • the refrigerant condensed by the second heat exchanger 50B merges with the refrigerant condensed by the indoor heat exchanger 40 and decompressed by the expansion valve 30 at the connection point 73 between the refrigerant pipe 86B and the refrigerant pipe 85, and joins the refrigerant pipe 86A. It flows.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the refrigerant pipe 86A flows into the first heat exchanger 50A and evaporates. At this time, the first heat exchanger 50A functions as an evaporator. After that, the refrigerant returns to the compressor 10 via the refrigerant pipe 87A, the flow path switching valve 70, the refrigerant pipe 89, the four-way valve 20, and the refrigerant pipe 91.
  • the defrosting of the first heat exchanger 50A and the defrosting of the second heat exchanger 50B are alternately performed while continuing the heating. Only the state of the flow path switching valve 70 differs between the case where the first heat exchanger 50A is defrosted and the case where the second heat exchanger 50B is defrosted. That is, when the flow path switching valve 70 is set to the state III, the first heat exchanger 50A is defrosted, and the second heat exchanger 50B functions as an evaporator. On the other hand, when the flow path switching valve 70 is set to the state II, the second heat exchanger 50B is defrosted, and the first heat exchanger 50A functions as an evaporator.
  • the heating operation can be continued.
  • the defrosting of the first heat exchanger 50A and the defrosting of the second heat exchanger 50B are performed at least once. Further, considering that the water generated by defrosting collects in the lower second heat exchanger 50B, first defrosting the second heat exchanger 50B, then defrosting the first heat exchanger 50A, Finally, it is more desirable to perform defrosting in the order of the second heat exchanger 50B.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 50 which serves as an evaporator, is halved compared to the normal heating operation. That is, during normal heating operation, in the outdoor heat exchanger 50, both the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B function as evaporators. On the other hand, during the heating defrost operation, in the outdoor heat exchanger 50, only one of the first heat exchanger 50A and the second heat exchanger 50B functions as an evaporator, and the other functions as a condenser. Therefore, the heating capacity tends to decrease. When the heating capacity is lowered, the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 40 is lowered and the blowing temperature is lowered, and as a result, the room temperature is lowered and the comfort is deteriorated.
  • the control unit 301 controls the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400 according to the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 40.
  • a method of controlling the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a method of controlling the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400 in the air conditioner 100 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of control processing of the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400 in the air conditioner 100 according to the first embodiment.
  • the control unit 301 raises and lowers the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 during the heating defrost operation with reference to the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 at the start of the heating defrost operation.
  • the control unit 301 can be controlled so as to prevent an excessive decrease in the blowing temperature and the heating capacity of the indoor unit 2 during the heating defrost operation.
  • the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 at the start of the heating defrost operation is the temperature T1 ° C. Therefore, the temperature T1 ° C. becomes a reference.
  • the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 is detected by the temperature detection unit 200.
  • the reference temperature T1 ° C. is referred to as a first temperature.
  • the rotation speed R1 is the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 at the start of the heating defrost operation.
  • the time P1 indicates the time when the heating defrost operation is started.
  • the time P2 indicates the time when the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 reaches (T1-a) ° C.
  • the time P3 indicates the time when the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 reaches (T1 + b) ° C.
  • a and b are a ⁇ 0 and b ⁇ 0, both of which are preset values.
  • a and b will be referred to as a first set value a and a second set value b, respectively.
  • the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 gradually decreases.
  • the temperature detection unit 200 detects the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 during the heating defrost operation at a preset cycle.
  • the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 during the heating defrost operation is referred to as a second temperature.
  • the control unit 301 gradually lowers the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 when the second temperature is lower than the first temperature and the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is equal to or larger than the first set value a. ..
  • the control unit 301 gradually lowers the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 from the time when the second temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 40 reaches (T1-a) ° C., that is, the time P2, the control unit 301 gradually lowers the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400.
  • the control unit 301 lowers the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 in a stepwise manner at a constant lowering rate for a certain time width.
  • the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 may be linearly lowered at a constant falling rate in proportion to the elapsed time.
  • the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 rises, and it is possible to prevent the blowout temperature of the indoor unit 2 from falling.
  • the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 starts to rise after a certain period of time has elapsed from the time P2.
  • a lower limit value of the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 may be set in advance. In that case, the control unit 301 controls so that the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 does not fall below the lower limit value. Further, the lower limit value is stored in advance in the memory of the control unit 301.
  • the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 gradually rises by lowering the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400.
  • the control unit 301 gradually increases the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 when the second temperature is higher than the first temperature and the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is the second set value b or more. ..
  • the control unit 301 gradually increases the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400.
  • the control unit 301 raises the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 in a stepwise manner at a constant rate of increase for a certain time width.
  • the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 may be linearly increased at a constant increase rate in proportion to the elapsed time. Increasing the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 increases the amount of air transported from the indoor fan 400 to the indoor heat exchanger 40. As a result, the heating capacity with respect to the indoor heating load is increased, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in room temperature.
  • control unit 301 raises and lowers the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 with reference to the temperature T1, which is the first temperature, so that the blowout temperature of the indoor unit 2 and the heating capacity are excessively lowered. Can be prevented. As a result, it is possible to achieve both the blowing temperature of the indoor unit 2 and the heating capacity.
  • the rate of increase in the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 with respect to the elapsed time is set to be the same as or greater than the rate of decrease of the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400 with respect to the elapsed time.
  • the ascending speed of the rotation speed Rot when increasing the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 is the same as or greater than the decreasing speed of the rotation speed Rot when decreasing the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400. .. Therefore, the time required for the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 to rise from R2 to R1 (P4-P3) is the same as the time required for the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 to decrease from R1 to R2 (P3-P2). Or shorter.
  • the ascending speed of the rotation speed Rot when increasing the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 is constant, but the ascending speed may be variable.
  • the lowering speed of the rotation speed Rot when lowering the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400 is constant, the lowering speed may be variable.
  • step S1 the control unit 301 detects the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 by using the temperature detection unit 200 at the start of the heating defrost operation and stores it in the memory of the control unit 301.
  • the temperature tem at this time is the temperature T1 which is the first temperature used as a reference. That is, in the example of FIG. 2, it is the temperature tem at time P1.
  • step S1 the control unit 301 obtains the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 measured last from the memory of the control unit 301 by the temperature detection unit 200 during the heating operation of the air conditioner 100. , It may be acquired as a reference first temperature.
  • step S2 the control unit 301 detects the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 at the start of the heating defrost operation.
  • the rotation speed Rot at this time is, in the example of FIG. 2, the rotation speed R1 at time P1.
  • step S2 the control unit 301 sets the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400, which was last measured during the heating operation of the air conditioner 100, from the memory of the control unit 301 at the start of the heating defrost operation. It may be acquired as the number of rotations of.
  • step S3 the control unit 301 detects the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 by using the temperature detection unit 200.
  • step S4 the control unit 301 determines whether the air conditioner 100 has completed the heating defrost operation based on the information from the control unit 300 of the outdoor unit 1.
  • the control unit 301 determines that the air conditioner 100 has finished the heating defrost operation
  • the control unit 301 proceeds to step S11.
  • the control unit 301 determines that the air conditioner 100 has not completed the heating defrost operation
  • the control unit 301 proceeds to step S5.
  • step S5 the control unit 301 determines whether the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 acquired in step S3 is (T1-a) ° C. or lower.
  • the process returns to the process of step S3.
  • the control unit 301 determines that the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 is (T1-a) ° C. or lower, the process proceeds to step S6.
  • control unit 301 repeats the loop from step S3 to "NO” in step S5 until the determination in step S4 is "YES".
  • the loop from step S3 to “NO” in step S5 is between time P1 and time P2 in the example of FIG.
  • Step S6 is the time point of time P2 in the example of FIG.
  • the control unit 301 gradually lowers the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400.
  • step S7 the control unit 301 again uses the temperature detection unit 200 to detect the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40.
  • the temperature tem at this time is the temperature during the heating defrost operation, and is the second temperature.
  • step S8 the control unit 301 determines whether the air conditioner 100 has completed the heating defrost operation based on the information from the control unit 300 of the outdoor unit 1.
  • the control unit 301 determines that the air conditioner 100 has finished the heating defrost operation
  • the control unit 301 proceeds to step S11.
  • the control unit 301 determines that the air conditioner 100 has not completed the heating defrost operation
  • the control unit 301 proceeds to step S9.
  • step S9 the control unit 301 determines whether the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 acquired in step S7 is (T1 + b) ° C. or higher.
  • the process returns to the process of step S6.
  • the control unit 301 determines that the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 is (T1 + b) ° C. or higher, the process proceeds to step S10.
  • control unit 301 repeats the loop from step S6 to "NO” in step S9 until the determination in step S8 is "YES".
  • the loop from step S6 to “NO” in step S9 is between time P2 and time P3 in the example of FIG.
  • Step S10 is the time point of time P3 in the example of FIG.
  • the control unit 301 gradually increases the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400. After that, the process returns to step S3, and the processes of steps S3 to S10 are repeated.
  • step S11 the air conditioner 100 ends the heating defrost operation and restarts the heating operation. Therefore, the control unit 301 controls by the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 set by the user with a remote controller or the like. At this time, the change speed of the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 may be constant or variable. Moreover, you may change it momentarily.
  • the indoor fan 400 rotation speed Rot during the heating defrost operation is increased and decreased with reference to the temperature T1 of the indoor heat exchanger 40 before the start of the heating defrost operation.
  • the control unit 301 can be controlled so as to prevent an excessive decrease in the blowing temperature and the heating capacity of the indoor unit 2 during the heating defrost operation.
  • the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 may be lowered momentarily without gradually lowering.
  • the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 suddenly rises, and the discharge pressure of the indoor unit 2 suddenly rises.
  • the frequency of the compressor 10 may decrease due to the protection control of the compressor 10.
  • the flow rate of the refrigerant may decrease, the defrosting capacity may decrease, and undissolved frost may occur.
  • the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 may decrease, resulting in deterioration of comfort. Therefore, it is desirable that the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 is not lowered momentarily, but is gradually lowered over a certain period of time.
  • the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 may be increased momentarily without gradually increasing.
  • the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 may drop sharply, the blowing temperature of the indoor unit 2 may drop, and the comfort of the room may deteriorate.
  • the user may feel uncomfortable due to changes in air volume or sound. Therefore, it is desirable that the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 is not increased momentarily, but is gradually increased over a certain period of time.
  • the speed at which the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 is increased is slow, the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 40 suddenly rises during the heating defrost operation, and the frequency of the compressor 10 may be limited by the condensation pressure protection. When limited, the flow rate of the refrigerant is reduced, the defrosting capacity is reduced, and undissolved frost may occur. In addition, the temperature tem of the indoor heat exchanger 40 may decrease, resulting in deterioration of comfort. Therefore, as described above, the speed at which the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 is increased needs to be at least the same as or faster than the speed at which the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400 is decreased.
  • the rate of increase in the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 with respect to the elapsed time is equal to or greater than the rate of decrease of the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400 with respect to the elapsed time. Is set to.
  • the control unit 301 controls so that the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 does not exceed the upper limit value.
  • the heating defrost operation is performed by controlling the rotation speed Rot of the indoor fan 400 during the heating defrost operation so as to decrease and increase with reference to the temperature T1 of the indoor heat exchanger 40 before the start of the heating defrost operation. It is possible to suppress a decrease in the temperature of the blowout inside and an excessive decrease in the heating capacity. As a result, heating defrost operation that does not lower the room temperature and does not deteriorate the comfort becomes possible.
  • the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 40 before the start of the heating defrost operation is set as the first temperature
  • the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 40 during the heating defrost operation is set as the second temperature.
  • the control unit 301 lowers the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400. ..
  • the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 40 can be raised.
  • the heating defrost operation can be performed without lowering the room temperature and without deteriorating the comfort.
  • the control unit 301 uses the indoor fan 400 when the second temperature is higher than the first temperature and the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is the second set value b or more. Rotation speed Rot is increased. As a result, it is possible to suppress a decrease in heating capacity. In this way, in the first embodiment, it is possible to prevent an excessive decrease in the blowing temperature and the heating capacity of the indoor unit 2 during the heating defrost operation. As a result, in the first embodiment, the heating defrost operation can be performed without lowering the room temperature and without deteriorating the comfort.
  • FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the air conditioner 100 according to the second embodiment. The difference between FIGS. 1 and 4 is that in FIG. 4, four on-off valves 70A, 70B, 70C and 70D are provided instead of the flow path switching valve 70 of FIG.
  • the refrigerant pipe 88 is branched into the refrigerant pipe 88A and the refrigerant pipe 88B on the way.
  • the refrigerant pipe 88A is connected to the refrigerant pipe 87A at the connection point 74.
  • the refrigerant pipe 88B is connected to the refrigerant pipe 87B at the connection point 75.
  • the refrigerant pipe 89 branches at the branch point 76 and is connected to the refrigerant pipe 87A and the refrigerant pipe 87B.
  • the on-off valve 70A is provided in the refrigerant pipe 88A.
  • the on-off valve 70B is provided in the refrigerant pipe 88B.
  • the on-off valve 70C is connected between the connection point 74 and the branch point 76 in the refrigerant pipe 87A.
  • the on-off valve 70D is connected between the connection point 75 and the branch point 76 in the refrigerant pipe 87B.
  • the second flow path switching device is the flow path switching valve 70 composed of an integrated valve, but as shown in FIG. 4, four second flow path switching devices are used. It may be composed of on-off valves 70A, 70B, 70C and 70D. Each of the on-off valves 70A, 70B, 70C, and 70D is composed of, for example, a solenoid valve. Since the other configurations are the same as those in FIG. 1, they are shown with the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted here.
  • the four on-off valves 70A, 70B, 70C, and 70D constitute a second flow path switching device that switches the flow of the refrigerant between the heating operation, the defrosting operation, the cooling operation, and the heating defrost operation. ing.
  • the second flow path switching device can take the states I, II, and III described in the first embodiment by changing the port connection by the control signal from the control unit 300.
  • the on-off valve 70C is in the open state and the refrigerant pipe 89 and the refrigerant pipe 87A communicate with each other, and the on-off valve 70D is in the open state and the refrigerant pipe 89 and the refrigerant pipe 87B communicate with each other. At this time, the on-off valves 70A and 70B are in the closed state.
  • the on-off valve 70B is in the open state and the refrigerant pipe 88 and the refrigerant pipe 87B communicate with each other, and the on-off valve 70C is in the open state and the refrigerant pipe 89 and the refrigerant pipe 87A communicate with each other. At this time, the on-off valves 70A and 70D are in the closed state.
  • the on-off valve 70A is in the open state and the refrigerant pipe 88 and the refrigerant pipe 87A communicate with each other, and the on-off valve 70D is in the open state and the refrigerant pipe 89 and the refrigerant pipe 87B communicate with each other. At this time, the on-off valves 70B and 70C are in the closed state.
  • the on-off valves 70A, 70B, 70C and 70D are set to the state I during the heating operation, the defrosting operation and the cooling operation, and are set to the state II or the state III during the heating defrost operation under the control of the control unit 300.
  • the state of the four-way valve 20 which is the first flow path switching device and the state of the second flow path switching device in each operation mode in the second embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment. Is.
  • the second flow path switching device can take the states I, II and III described in the first embodiment by opening and closing the on-off valves 70A, 70B, 70C and 70D. ..
  • the air conditioner 100 can perform the same operation as in the first embodiment. Therefore, even in the second embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
  • FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the air conditioner 100 according to the third embodiment.
  • the difference between FIGS. 1 and 5 is that in FIG. 5, two three-way valves 600 and 700 are provided instead of the flow path switching valve 70 of FIG. Further, in FIG. 5, the refrigerant pipe 89 branches at the branch point 77 and is connected to the refrigerant pipe 93 and the refrigerant pipe 94.
  • the three-way valve 600 has three ports J, K, and L.
  • the port J is connected to the refrigerant pipe 88.
  • the port K is connected to the refrigerant pipe 87A.
  • the port L is connected to the refrigerant pipe 93.
  • the three-way valve 700 has three ports M, N, and P.
  • the port M is connected to the refrigerant pipe 88.
  • the port N is connected to the refrigerant pipe 87B.
  • the port P is connected to the refrigerant pipe 94.
  • the three-way valves 600 and 700 constitute a second flow path switching device that switches the flow of the refrigerant between the heating operation, the defrosting operation, the cooling operation, and the heating defrost operation.
  • the second flow path switching device can take the states I, II, and III described in the first embodiment by switching the communication state of the ports of the three-way valves 600 and 700 by the control signal from the control unit 300. ..
  • the port L and the port K communicate with each other
  • the refrigerant pipe 89 and the refrigerant pipe 87A communicate with each other
  • the port P and the port N communicate with each other
  • the refrigerant pipe 89 and the refrigerant pipe 87B communicate with each other.
  • the port M and the port N communicate with each other
  • the refrigerant pipe 88 and the refrigerant pipe 87B communicate with each other
  • the port L and the port K communicate with each other
  • the refrigerant pipe 89 and the refrigerant pipe 87A communicate with each other.
  • the port J and the port K communicate with each other
  • the refrigerant pipe 88 and the refrigerant pipe 87A communicate with each other
  • the port P and the port N communicate with each other
  • the refrigerant pipe 89 and the refrigerant pipe 87B communicate with each other.
  • the three-way valves 600 and 700 are set to the state I during the heating operation, the defrosting operation and the cooling operation, and are set to the state II or the state III during the heating defrost operation under the control of the control unit 300.
  • the state of the four-way valve 20 which is the first flow path switching device and the state of the second flow path switching device in each operation mode in the third embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment. Is.
  • the control unit 300 can take the states I, II, and III described in the first embodiment by switching the communication state of the ports of the three-way valves 600 and 700. As a result, the air conditioner 100 can perform the same operation as in the first embodiment. Therefore, even in the third embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
  • FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the air conditioner 100 according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the main difference between FIGS. 1 and 6 is that in FIG. 6, two four-way valves 800 and 900 are provided instead of the flow path switching valve 70 of FIG. Since the four-way valves 800 and 900 assume valves that operate at a differential pressure, a check valve 90 is used to secure the differential pressure.
  • the configuration of FIG. 6 will be described below.
  • the four-way valve 800 has four ports Q, R, S, and T.
  • the port R is closed so that the refrigerant does not leak out.
  • the port S is connected to the refrigerant pipe 93.
  • the port T is connected to the refrigerant pipe 87A. Port Q will be described later.
  • the four-way valve 900 has four ports U, V, W, and X.
  • the port V is closed so that the refrigerant does not leak out.
  • the port W is connected to the refrigerant pipe 94.
  • the port X is connected to the refrigerant pipe 87B. Port U will be described later.
  • the four-way valve 20, the four-way valve 800, and the four-way valve 900 are all differential pressure driven four-way valves that operate by the differential pressure of the discharge pressure and the suction pressure.
  • the four-way valve 800 and the four-way valve 900 four-way valves having the same configuration can be used.
  • the port R of the four-way valve 800 is closed, and the port V of the four-way valve 900 is closed. Therefore, as the four-way valves 800 and 900, three-way valves having the same configuration can also be used.
  • the refrigerant pipe 88 connected to the bypass valve 60 is branched at the branch point 105, one is connected to the port Q of the four-way valve 800, and the other is connected to the port U of the four-way valve 900.
  • another branch point 106 is provided between the bypass valve 60 and the branch point 105.
  • the branch point 106 and the check valve 90 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 93.
  • the check valve 90 and the port E of the four-way valve 20 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 92.
  • the check valve 90 allows the flow of the refrigerant in the direction from the port E of the four-way valve 20 toward the refrigerant pipe 88, and blocks the flow of the refrigerant in the direction from the refrigerant pipe 88 toward the port E.
  • an on-off valve such as a solenoid valve or an electric valve that opens and closes under the control of the control unit 300 is used.
  • an on-off valve that opens and closes depending on the pressure difference between the upstream side and the downstream side of the valve may be used.
  • the open state when the pressure on the upstream side of the on-off valve is larger than the pressure on the downstream side, the open state is set, and when the pressure on the downstream side is larger than the pressure on the upstream side, the closed state is set.
  • the check valve 90 any device can be used as long as it allows the flow of the refrigerant in one direction and blocks the flow of the refrigerant in the opposite direction.
  • One end of the refrigerant pipe 103 is connected to the branch point 101 provided in the middle of the refrigerant pipe 91.
  • the other end of the refrigerant pipe 103 is branched into the refrigerant pipe 93 and the refrigerant pipe 94 at a branch point 104.
  • the refrigerant pipe 93 is connected to the port S of the four-way valve 800.
  • the refrigerant pipe 94 is connected to the port W of the four-way valve 900.
  • the port T of the four-way valve 800 is connected to the first heat exchanger 50A via the refrigerant pipe 87A.
  • the port X of the four-way valve 900 is connected to the second heat exchanger 50B via the refrigerant pipe 87B.
  • the four-way valves 800 and 900 constitute a second flow path switching device that switches the flow of the refrigerant between the heating operation, the defrosting operation, the cooling operation, and the heating defrost operation.
  • the second flow path switching device can take the states I, II, and III described in the first embodiment by switching the communication state of the ports of the four-way valves 800 and 900 by the control signal from the control unit 300. ..
  • the port S and the port T communicate with each other
  • the refrigerant pipe 103 and the refrigerant pipe 87A communicate with each other
  • the port W and the port X communicate with each other
  • the refrigerant pipe 103 and the refrigerant pipe 87B communicate with each other.
  • the port U and the port X communicate with each other
  • the refrigerant pipe 88 and the refrigerant pipe 87B communicate with each other
  • the port S and the port T communicate with each other
  • the refrigerant pipe 103 and the refrigerant pipe 87A communicate with each other.
  • the port Q and the port T communicate with each other
  • the refrigerant pipe 88 and the refrigerant pipe 87A communicate with each other
  • the port W and the port X communicate with each other
  • the refrigerant pipe 103 and the refrigerant pipe 87B communicate with each other.
  • the four-way valves 800 and 900 are set to the state I during the heating operation, the defrosting operation, and the cooling operation by the control signal from the control unit 300, and are set to the state II or the state III during the heating defrost operation.
  • the state of the four-way valve 20 which is the first flow path switching device and the state of the second flow path switching device in each operation mode in the fourth embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment. Is.
  • the control unit 300 can take the states I, II, and III described in the first embodiment by switching the communication state of the ports of the four-way valves 800 and 900. As a result, the air conditioner 100 can perform the same operation as in the first embodiment. Therefore, even in the fourth embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
  • an example including the defrosting operation has been described as the operation mode of the air conditioner 100, but the operation mode of the defrosting operation is not set. May be good. In that case, there are three operation modes: cooling operation, heating operation, and heating defrost operation. Further, it is not necessary to set the operation mode of the cooling operation. In that case, there are two operation modes, heating operation and heating defrost operation.
PCT/JP2019/037053 2019-09-20 2019-09-20 空気調和機 WO2021053820A1 (ja)

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CN201980099827.3A CN114364933B (zh) 2019-09-20 2019-09-20 空调机
US17/619,770 US11959672B2 (en) 2019-09-20 2019-09-20 Air-conditioning apparatus
PCT/JP2019/037053 WO2021053820A1 (ja) 2019-09-20 2019-09-20 空気調和機
JP2021546160A JP7262595B2 (ja) 2019-09-20 2019-09-20 空気調和機
DE112019007729.5T DE112019007729T5 (de) 2019-09-20 2019-09-20 Klimaanlage
SE2250147A SE2250147A1 (en) 2019-09-20 2019-09-20 Air-conditioning apparatus

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CN114364933A (zh) 2022-04-15
CN114364933B (zh) 2023-09-05
US11959672B2 (en) 2024-04-16
JP7262595B2 (ja) 2023-04-21

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