WO2021038754A1 - イオンガン及びイオンミリング装置 - Google Patents
イオンガン及びイオンミリング装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021038754A1 WO2021038754A1 PCT/JP2019/033713 JP2019033713W WO2021038754A1 WO 2021038754 A1 WO2021038754 A1 WO 2021038754A1 JP 2019033713 W JP2019033713 W JP 2019033713W WO 2021038754 A1 WO2021038754 A1 WO 2021038754A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J27/00—Ion beam tubes
- H01J27/02—Ion sources; Ion guns
- H01J27/04—Ion sources; Ion guns using reflex discharge, e.g. Penning ion sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/02—Details
- H01J37/04—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the discharge, e.g. electron-optical arrangement, ion-optical arrangement
- H01J37/08—Ion sources; Ion guns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32431—Constructional details of the reactor
- H01J37/3244—Gas supply means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/02—Details
- H01J37/18—Vacuum locks ; Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/02—Details
- H01J37/20—Means for supporting or positioning the objects or the material; Means for adjusting diaphragms or lenses associated with the support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/30—Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects
- H01J37/305—Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects for casting, melting, evaporating or etching
- H01J37/3053—Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects for casting, melting, evaporating or etching for evaporating or etching
- H01J37/3056—Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects for casting, melting, evaporating or etching for evaporating or etching for microworking, e.g. etching of gratings, trimming of electrical components
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
- H01J2237/06—Sources
- H01J2237/061—Construction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
- H01J2237/06—Sources
- H01J2237/08—Ion sources
- H01J2237/0815—Methods of ionisation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
- H01J2237/06—Sources
- H01J2237/08—Ion sources
- H01J2237/0815—Methods of ionisation
- H01J2237/082—Electron beam
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2237/00—Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
- H01J2237/30—Electron or ion beam tubes for processing objects
- H01J2237/31—Processing objects on a macro-scale
- H01J2237/3151—Etching
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a penning discharge type ion gun and an ion milling device having the same.
- the ion milling method is a processing method in which accelerated ions collide with a sample and the sample is scraped using a sputtering phenomenon in which ions repel atoms and molecules.
- a smooth cross section can be processed by placing a mask that serves as a shielding plate for ion beams on the upper surface of the sample to be processed and sputtering the protruding portion from the end face of the mask.
- This processing method is useful for preparing a cross-sectional sample when performing crystal orientation analysis or the like. It is applicable not only to electronic parts but also to metals, glass, ceramics, composite materials and the like.
- Patent Document 1 discloses the basic structure of a penning discharge type ion gun.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method of optimizing the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet and the ionization chamber region in the penning discharge type ion gun configuration in order to increase the amount of ions emitted from the ion gun.
- the electrons emitted from the cathode make a swirling motion by the magnetic field and are ionized when they collide with the gas introduced inside the ion gun.
- cathodes having the same potential at both ends of the anode electrons reciprocate between the cathodes, and their orbits can be lengthened, which has the characteristic of improving ionization efficiency.
- a part of the generated cations passes through the ion beam extraction hole of the cathode, is accelerated by the acceleration electrode, and is discharged to the outside from the ion beam extraction hole of the acceleration electrode. In order to achieve a higher processing speed, it is necessary to increase the amount of ions emitted from the ion gun.
- the acceleration voltage is increased for the purpose of improving the processing speed (for example, the acceleration voltage is increased from 7 kV to 8 kV), the ion beam current value does not improve, and as a result, the processing speed does not increase. Was done.
- the ion gun includes a first cathode having a disk shape, a second cathode having a disk shape and provided with an ion beam extraction hole, and a first cathode and a second cathode.
- a first permanent magnet having a cylindrical shape, an anode having a cylindrical region and an overhanging region provided at one end of the cylindrical region, and a first cathode electrically connected to the anode.
- the cylindrical region of the anode is located inside the inner diameter position of the first permanent magnet, and the overhanging region of the anode is , Is arranged beyond the inner diameter position of the first permanent magnet and faces the first cathode.
- the ion milling device is an ion milling device using such an ion gun.
- an ion gun capable of obtaining higher plasma efficiency or an ion milling device capable of obtaining a larger processing speed.
- FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the ion milling device.
- the penning discharge type ion gun 1 includes elements necessary for generating ions inside the ion gun 1, and forms an irradiation system for irradiating the sample 6 with the ion beam 2.
- the gas source 201 is connected to the ion gun 1 via the gas supply mechanism 200, and the gas flow rate controlled by the gas supply mechanism 200 is supplied to the plasma generation chamber of the ion gun 1.
- the gas supply mechanism 200 includes components for adjusting the flow rate of the gas to be ionized and supplying it to the inside of the ion gun.
- Ar gas is used as the introduction gas as an example.
- the irradiation of the ion beam 2 and its ion beam current are controlled by the ion gun control unit 3.
- the vacuum chamber 4 is controlled to atmospheric pressure or vacuum by the vacuum exhaust system 5.
- the sample 6 is held on the sample table 7, and the sample table 7 is held by the sample stage 8.
- the sample stage 8 can be pulled out of the vacuum chamber 4 when the vacuum chamber 4 is opened to the atmosphere, and includes a mechanical element for inclining the sample 6 at an arbitrary angle with respect to the optical axis of the ion beam 2. I'm out.
- the sample stage driving unit 9 can swing the sample stage 8 left and right, and can control the speed thereof.
- FIG. 2 shows a conventional structure (cross-sectional view) of a penning discharge type ion gun as a comparative example, and explains the structure and operation of the ion gun.
- the first cathode 11 is formed in a disk shape with a conductive magnetic material such as pure iron, and has holes for introducing gas into the plasma generation chamber 100 and anode pins for supplying power to the anode 13. A hole is provided for passing through (not shown).
- the second cathode 12 is also formed in a disk shape by a conductive magnetic material such as pure iron, and an ion beam extraction hole 101a is provided in the central portion.
- the permanent magnet 14 is, for example, a samarium-cobalt magnet, which is formed in a cylindrical shape, and one end of the permanent magnet 14 is connected to the first cathode 11 and the other end is connected to the second cathode 12.
- a magnetic field is generated in the ion gun 1 by the first cathode 11, the second cathode 12, and the permanent magnet 14.
- the cathode ring 17 is provided so that the permanent magnet 14 is not exposed to the environment.
- a material such as stainless steel is used for the cathode ring 17.
- the cylindrical insulator 16 is arranged inside the permanent magnet 14, and the outer surface of the insulator 16 is in contact with the inner wall of the permanent magnet 14.
- the insulator 16 is made of a non-magnetic material having electrical insulation such as ceramics.
- the anode 13 is fitted inside the insulator 16, the outer surface of the anode 13 is in contact with the inner surface of the insulator 16, and the inner surface of the anode 13 faces the plasma generation chamber 100.
- the anode 13 is made of a conductive non-magnetic material such as aluminum.
- the anode 13 is electrically insulated from the first cathode 11, the second cathode 12, and the permanent magnet 14 by the insulator 16.
- the accelerating electrode 15 is formed in a cylindrical shape by a non-magnetic material having conductivity such as stainless steel, and an ion beam extraction hole 101b is provided in the central portion.
- the acceleration electrode 15 maintained at the ground potential is fixed to the peripheral portion of the ion gun base 18 so as to surround the first cathode 11, the second cathode 12, and the permanent magnet 14.
- the ion gun base 18 and the first cathode 11 are provided with holes, and for example, Ar gas introduced from the gas introduction mechanism is introduced into the plasma generation chamber 100.
- the Ar gas introduced into the plasma generation chamber 100 is kept at an appropriate gas partial pressure, and the first cathode 11 and the second cathode 12 (the first cathode 11 and the second cathode 12) are subjected to the discharge power supply 301.
- the discharge voltage By applying the discharge voltage, the electrons emitted from the surface of the first cathode 11 and the surface of the second cathode 12 are accelerated toward the anode 13, and the emitted electrons are the first cathode 11 and the second cathode.
- the orbit is bent by the magnetic field formed in the plasma generation chamber 100 by the 12 and the permanent magnet 14 to perform a swirling motion.
- the discharge efficiency can be improved by lengthening the electron orbit by this turning motion.
- the collided Ar gas is ionized, and Ar ions (cations) are generated in the plasma generation chamber 100.
- a part of the cations generated in the plasma generation chamber 100 passes through the ion beam extraction hole 101a of the second cathode 12, and the acceleration power supply 302 betweens the second cathode 12 and the acceleration electrode 15 has an acceleration voltage of about 10 kV. Is accelerated to be emitted from the ion beam extraction hole 101b of the acceleration electrode to the outside of the ion gun 10, and the sample is processed by the ion beam composed of cations.
- the ion current drawn from such a penning discharge type ion gun is limited to the space charge because the electric field changes depending on the space charge of the ions. It is also limited by the ion flow supplied by the ion gun.
- the space charge limiting current value and the ion saturation current value are same value, the balance between the extraction system and the plasma conditions for generating ions is maintained, and a large amount of high-quality ion beams can be extracted. It is said.
- the ion saturation current value the electron temperature and plasma density inside the plasma generation chamber 100 may be increased.
- the acceleration voltage applied between the cathode 12 and the acceleration electrode 15 may be increased.
- the reason why the ion beam current value drawn from the ion gun does not increase even if the acceleration voltage is increased is that the ion saturation current value of the ion gun does not reach a value commensurate with the space charge limiting current value. This is because a sufficient ion flow cannot be generated in the plasma generation chamber 100.
- the supply amount of electrons generated in the plasma generation chamber is increased as compared with the conventional structure, and the space when a higher acceleration voltage is applied.
- FIG. 3 is a structural cross-sectional view of the ion gun (first example) of this embodiment.
- the same components as those of the ion gun shown as a comparative example are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted, and the description will be focused on the configurations different from those of the comparative example. The same applies to the following examples.
- the first cathode 21 and the anode 23 are arranged so as to face each other outside the inner diameter position of the permanent magnet 14.
- the first cathode 21 is formed with a recess smaller than the outer diameter of the permanent magnet 14 and larger than the inner diameter on the surface side connected to the permanent magnet 14, and the anode 23 faces the first cathode 21.
- the insulator 26 that electrically insulates the first cathode 21, the second cathode 12, and the permanent magnet 14 from the anode 23 has the same shape as the anode 23, and the permanent magnet 14 has the plasma generation chamber 100.
- the reliability of the ion gun is improved by covering it so that it is not exposed to the plasma.
- FIG. 4 shows the shape of the first cathode 21.
- a plan view (upper figure) of the first cathode 21 viewed from the ion beam extraction hole side and a cross-sectional view (lower figure) along the line AA shown in the plan view are shown.
- the first cathode 21 is formed of a conductive magnetic material, for example, in a disk shape with pure iron, and is provided with a cathode fixing hole 102 for fixing to the ion gun base 18. Further, an anode pin through hole 103 for passing the anode pin for supplying power to the anode 23 is provided.
- the ion gun base 18 is also provided with a through hole at a position corresponding to the anode pin through hole 103, and the anode pin is inserted into the plasma generation chamber 100 through the through hole of the ion gun base 18 and the first cathode 21.
- a recess 22 having a diameter of 12 mm and a depth of 1 mm is formed in the center of the cathode in the region of the first cathode 21 facing the plasma generation chamber 100.
- the circular recess 22 is formed, but the hole is not limited to a circular shape and may be a polygonal hole. However, from the viewpoint of manufacturability, a circular shape as shown in the figure is preferable.
- FIG. 5 shows the shape of the anode 23.
- a plan view (upper view) of the anode 23 seen from the ion beam extraction hole side and a cross-sectional view (lower figure) along the line AA shown in the plan view are shown.
- the anode 23 is made of a non-magnetic material having conductivity such as aluminum, and the first cathode 21 of the cylindrical region 35a is formed in order to expand the region where the recess 22 of the first cathode 21 and the anode 23 face each other.
- an overhanging region 25a having a disk shape is provided. As shown in FIG.
- the anode 23 is fitted into the insulator 26, the outer surface of the anode 23 is in contact with the inner surface of the insulator 26, and the inner surface of the anode 23 functions as a plasma generation chamber 100.
- the anode pin that has passed through the anode pin through hole 103 of the first cathode 21 is pressed against the overhanging region 25a provided on the side facing the recess 22 of the first cathode 21.
- the anode 23 is fixed so as to be pressed against the second cathode 12 via the insulator 26.
- the overhanging region 25a facing the recess 22 of the first cathode 21 has a disk shape, but it is not limited to a circular shape and may be a polygonal shape.
- FIG. 6 shows the shape of the insulator 26.
- a plan view (upper view) of the insulator 26 viewed from the ion beam extraction hole side and a cross-sectional view (lower figure) along the line AA shown in the plan view are shown.
- the insulator 26 is made of a non-magnetic material having electrical insulating properties such as ceramics. Similar to the anode 23, the insulator 26 has an overhanging region 25b having a disk shape, for example, on the end of the cylindrical region 35b on the first cathode 21 side, that is, on the side where the overhanging region 25a of the anode 23 is provided. ing.
- the overhanging region 25a at the end of the anode 23 and the permanent magnet 14 are electrically insulated.
- the long-term stability of the ion gun 1 is improved by covering the permanent magnet 14 with the overhanging region 25b so as not to be exposed to the plasma generation chamber 100.
- the region where electrons can be supplied from the first cathode 21 is greatly expanded. As a result, the supply amount of electrons generated in the plasma generation chamber 100 can be remarkably increased, and a high ion saturation current can be realized.
- FIG. 8A is an electron density distribution inside the plasma generation chamber 100 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 8B is an electron density distribution inside the plasma generation chamber 100 in the comparative example shown in FIG. All are plots of the results of electric field strength analysis using a finite element-based physics simulator.
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 8 is shown in agreement with the scale shown in FIG. 7, and the electron density is directed toward the ion beam extraction hole 101a on the central axis of the ion gun with the first cathode surface as the zero point. Is plotted.
- FIG. 8A is an electron density distribution inside the plasma generation chamber 100 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3
- FIG. 8B is an electron density distribution inside the plasma generation chamber 100 in the comparative example shown in FIG. All are plots of the results of electric field strength analysis using a finite element-based physics simulator.
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 8 is shown in agreement with the scale shown in FIG. 7, and the electron density is directed toward the ion beam extraction hole 101
- the electron density is 8.8 ⁇ 10 15 l / m 3
- the electron density is 8.8 ⁇ 10 15 l / m 3
- 6.7 ⁇ 10 15 l / m 3 It can be seen that the improvement is about 30% with respect to m 3.
- FIG. 9 is a structural cross-sectional view of the ion gun (second example) of this embodiment.
- the discharge voltage and acceleration voltage application mechanisms are the same and will be omitted.
- the shape of the bottom surface of the recess formed in the first cathode 31 is such that the depth of the central portion is deeper than the depth of the peripheral portion. Other than this, it has the same structural features as the first example (FIG. 3).
- FIG. 10 shows the shape of the first cathode 31.
- a plan view (upper figure) of the first cathode 31 viewed from the ion beam extraction hole side and a cross-sectional view (lower figure) along the line AA shown in the plan view are shown.
- the first cathode 31 is made of a conductive magnetic material, for example, in a disk shape made of pure iron, and has a cathode fixing hole 102 for fixing to the ion gun base 18 and an anode pin through hole 103 through which the anode pin penetrates. Is provided.
- a recess 32 having a diameter of 12 mm is formed in the center of the cathode in the region of the first cathode 31 facing the plasma generation chamber 100.
- the bottom surface of the recess 32 has a conical shape, and has an inclined surface such that the depth of the recess 32 is 2 mm at the central portion and 1 mm at the peripheral portion.
- the shape is not limited to a conical shape, and for example, the central portion may have a flat shape.
- FIG. 11 is a structural cross-sectional view of the ion gun (third example) of this embodiment.
- unevenness is formed on the bottom surface of the concave portion formed on the first cathode 41.
- it has the same structural features as the first example (FIG. 3).
- FIG. 12 shows the shape of the first cathode 41.
- a plan view (upper view) of the first cathode 41 viewed from the ion beam extraction hole side and a cross-sectional view (lower figure) along the line AA shown in the plan view are shown.
- the first cathode 41 is made of a conductive magnetic material, for example, in a disk shape made of pure iron, and has a cathode fixing hole 102 for fixing to the ion gun base 18 and an anode pin through hole 103 for passing the anode pin. Is provided.
- a recess 42 having a diameter of 12 mm and a depth of 1 mm is formed in the center of the cathode. Further, a circumferential slit having a width of 0.4 mm and a depth of 1 mm is formed on the bottom surface of the recess 42.
- FIG. 13 is a structural cross-sectional view of the ion gun (fourth example) of this embodiment.
- the opening connected to the cylindrical region of the overhanging region of the anode 33 has a shape having an inclined surface whose inner diameter increases as the distance from the cylindrical region increases.
- the bottom surface of the concave portion formed in the first cathode 51 has a convex portion inclined from the outer peripheral portion toward the central portion in accordance with the shape of the overhanging region of the anode 33.
- FIG. 14 is a structural cross-sectional view of the ion gun (fifth example) of this embodiment.
- the disk-shaped end portion of the anode 33 facing the first cathode 61 is formed to be inclined from the outer peripheral portion to the central portion.
- the bottom surface of the recess formed in the first cathode 61 was flattened. For this reason, the distance between the first cathode 51 and the anode 33 at the end portion enlarged from the structure of the fourth example is widened, but the space connected to the plasma generation chamber 100 can be widened accordingly. This makes it easy to introduce the electrons generated at the enlarged end into the plasma generation chamber 100. Other than this, it has the same structural features as the first example (FIG. 3).
- FIG. 15 is a structural cross-sectional view of the ion gun (6th example) of this embodiment.
- the opening of the anode 43 connected to the cylindrical region of the overhanging region has an inner diameter that increases as the distance from the cylindrical region increases, and the outer diameter of the overhanging region of the anode 43 also expands according to the inner diameter of the opening. ..
- the insulator 36 that electrically insulates the permanent magnet 24 and the anode 43 has an opening that connects to the cylindrical region of the overhanging region, and the inner diameter increases according to the outer diameter of the overhanging region of the anode 43.
- the outer diameter of the overhanging region of the insulator 36 is also shaped to expand according to the inner diameter of the opening.
- the permanent magnet 24 is provided with an inclined surface whose inner diameter increases according to the outer diameter of the overhanging region of the insulator 36 on the inner wall according to the shape of the insulator 36.
- the bottom surface of the concave portion formed in the first cathode 71 has a shape having a convex portion inclined from the outer peripheral portion toward the central portion in accordance with the shape of the anode 43.
- the area where the first cathode 71 and the anode 43 face each other at a short distance can be widened, and the height of the outer peripheral portion of the first cathode 71 can be widened. Since the area can be made lower than that of the first cathode 51, the ion gun can be formed more compactly. Other than this, it has the same structural features as the first example (FIG. 3).
- FIG. 16 is a structural cross-sectional view of the ion gun (7th example) of this embodiment.
- the overhanging region of the anode 43 and the insulator 36 is formed to have a shape that is inclined toward the outer peripheral side to increase the outer diameter
- the permanent magnet 24 is the overhanging region of the insulator 36.
- An inclined surface for expanding the inner diameter was provided on the inner wall according to the shape.
- the bottom surface of the recess formed in the first cathode 81 was flattened.
- the distance between the first cathode 81 and the anode 43 at the end that is enlarged compared to the structure of the sixth example is widened, but the space connected to the plasma generation chamber 100 can be widened accordingly. This makes it easy to introduce the electrons generated at the enlarged end into the plasma generation chamber 100. Other than this, it has the same structural features as the first example (FIG. 3).
- FIG. 17 is a structural cross-sectional view of the ion gun (8th example) of this embodiment.
- the non-magnetic material 19 is arranged in the recess formed in the first cathode 91.
- tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, chromium, tantalum and the like can be applied to the non-magnetic material.
- it has the same structural features as the first example (FIG. 3).
- the non-magnetic material 19 arranged in the recess of the first cathode 91 needs to be a material having both conductivity and ionic resistance, and a part made of a hard metal material as illustrated is effective. is there.
- sputter yield is generally used as a definition of the amount of sputtering, the volume actually sputtered can be expressed as "the ratio of the sputter yield multiplied by the crystal molar density".
- the sputter molar volume ratio is 0.322 mol / cc, which is the smallest as a metal material.
- non-magnetic material 19 to be arranged in the recess formed in the first cathode 91 for example, graphite carbon, single crystal graphite, or highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) can be applied.
- Graphite carbon which is a conductive material, has a sputter molar volume ratio of 0.15 mol / cc, which is even smaller than that of titanium. As a result, the sputter volume from the non-magnetic material 19 formed in the recess of the first cathode 91 can be further reduced.
- the adhered volume of the redeposition adhering to the anode 23 is also reduced, so that short circuits between the electrodes are unlikely to occur, and the maintenance cycle of the ion gun can be lengthened.
- graphite carbon has excellent oxidation resistance, even if the sputtered particles of graphite carbon reattach to the anode 23, it is less likely to be oxidized than in the case of a metal material. Therefore, even if the redeposition adheres to the anode 23, problems such as charging caused by the oxidation of the redeposition are unlikely to occur, and cleaning of the ion gun for the purpose of preventing charging can be basically unnecessary.
- FIG. 18 is a result of comparing the electron density distribution inside the plasma generation chamber 100 as an effect of this embodiment.
- the item on the horizontal axis is the structure of the ion gun, and the electron density distribution in the conventional structure shown in FIG. 2 is shown as a comparative example, and FIG. 3, FIG. 9, FIG. 11, FIG. 13, FIG. 14, FIG. 15, FIG.
- the electron density distribution in the structure of this example of the first to seventh examples shown in is shown.
- the results of electric field strength analysis performed by a physics simulator are plotted.
- the electron density of the structure of this example is improved from about 3% to 61%, as compared with the conventional structure of 6.7 ⁇ 10 15 l / m 3 shown as a comparative example.
- the ion flow in the plasma generation chamber 100 is increased, and the ion source can obtain a sufficient ion saturation current value commensurate with the high space charge limiting current value, and as a result, the amount of ions emitted from the ion gun can be increased.
- FIG. 19 is a structural cross-sectional view of the ion gun (9th example) of this embodiment.
- a permanent magnet 404 having an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the permanent magnet 14 is arranged at the interface where the first cathode 111 and the permanent magnet 14 are connected. This eliminates the need to form a recess in the surface region of the first cathode 111 that connects to the permanent magnet 14, and provides a disk-shaped overhang region at the end of the anode 23 that faces the first cathode 111. The facing region between the cathode 111 and the anode 23 is expanded.
- the insulator 26 that electrically insulates the first cathode 111, the second cathode 12, the permanent magnet 14 and the permanent magnet 404 from the anode 23 is the end portion on the first cathode 111 side like the anode 23.
- the permanent magnet 14 is covered so as not to be exposed to the plasma generation chamber 100 by providing a disk-shaped overhanging region on the surface to expand the area, and the reliability of the ion gun is improved.
- FIG. 20 is a structural cross-sectional view of the ion gun (10th example) of this embodiment.
- a third cathode 405 having an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the permanent magnet 14 is arranged at the interface where the first cathode 111 and the permanent magnet 14 are connected. This eliminates the need to form a recess in the surface region of the first cathode 111 that connects to the permanent magnet 14, and provides a disk-shaped overhang region at the end of the anode 23 that faces the first cathode 111. The facing region between the cathode 111 and the anode 23 is expanded.
- the insulator 26 that electrically insulates the first cathode 111, the second cathode 12, the third cathode 405, and the permanent magnet 14 from the anode 23 is on the side of the first cathode 111 like the anode 23.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples, and includes various modifications.
- the above-described embodiment has been described for the purpose of explaining the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and is not necessarily limited to the one including all the described configurations. It is also possible to replace a part of the configuration of one example of the embodiment with the configuration of another example, or to add the configuration of another example.
- the combination of the first cathode and the permanent magnet of the ninth example, or the first cathode and the third cathode of the tenth example instead of the first cathode provided with the recesses of the third to seventh examples, the combination of the first cathode and the permanent magnet of the ninth example, or the first cathode and the third cathode of the tenth example. It is also possible to construct a similar ion gun by using the combination of.
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Claims (19)
- 円盤形状を有する第1のカソードと、
円盤形状を有し、イオンビーム取り出し孔が設けられた第2のカソードと、
前記第1のカソードと前記第2のカソードとの間に配置され、円筒形状を有する第1の永久磁石と、
円筒領域と前記円筒領域の一端に設けられた張り出し領域とを有するアノードと、
前記アノードを、電気的に接続されている前記第1のカソード、前記第2のカソード及び前記第1の永久磁石から電気的に絶縁する絶縁体とを有し、
前記アノードの前記円筒領域は、前記第1の永久磁石の内径位置よりも内側に配置され、
前記アノードの前記張り出し領域は、前記第1の永久磁石の内径位置を越えて配置され、前記第1のカソードと対向しているイオンガン。 - 請求項1において、
前記第1のカソードと前記第2のカソードとの間に、外部から供給されたガスに電子を衝突させてイオンを生成する空間であるプラズマ生成室が形成されており、
前記第1の永久磁石が前記プラズマ生成室に露出しないよう、前記第1の永久磁石は前記絶縁体により被覆されているイオンガン。 - 請求項2において、
前記絶縁体は、円筒領域と前記円筒領域の一端に設けられた張り出し領域とを有し、
前記絶縁体の前記円筒領域は、前記第1の永久磁石の内径位置よりも内側に配置され、
前記アノードの前記円筒領域は、前記絶縁体の前記円筒領域にはめ込まれ、
前記絶縁体の前記張り出し領域は、前記アノードの前記張り出し領域を越えて前記第1の永久磁石を被覆するイオンガン。 - 請求項1において、
前記第1のカソードは、前記アノードの前記張り出し領域に対向する面に、前記第1の永久磁石の外径よりも小さく内径よりも大きい凹部を有するイオンガン。 - 請求項4において、
前記第1のカソードの前記凹部は、前記凹部の中心部の深さが前記凹部の周辺部の深さよりも深くされたイオンガン。 - 請求項5において、
前記第1のカソードの前記凹部は円錐形状を有するイオンガン。 - 請求項1において、
前記第1のカソードは、前記アノードの前記張り出し領域に対向する面に、凹凸が形成されているイオンガン。 - 請求項7において、
前記第1のカソードに円周状、多角形状または格子状のスリットが形成されることにより、前記凹凸が形成されているイオンガン。 - 請求項1において、
前記アノードの前記張り出し領域が有する前記アノードの前記円筒領域につながる開口は、前記アノードの前記円筒領域から遠ざかるにつれて内径が大きくなる傾斜面を有するイオンガン。 - 請求項9において、
前記第1のカソードは、前記アノードの前記張り出し領域に対向する面に、前記アノードの前記張り出し領域が有する開口に応じた傾斜面をもつ凸部を有するイオンガン。 - 請求項3において、
前記アノードの前記張り出し領域が有する前記アノードの前記円筒領域につながる開口は、前記アノードの前記円筒領域から遠ざかるにつれて内径が大きくなり、前記アノードの前記張り出し領域の外径は、開口の内径に応じて拡大し、
前記絶縁体の前記張り出し領域が有する前記絶縁体の前記円筒領域につながる開口は、前記アノードの前記張り出し領域の外径に応じて内径が大きくなり、前記絶縁体の前記張り出し領域の外径は、開口の内径に応じて拡大し、
前記第1の永久磁石の内壁に、前記絶縁体の前記張り出し領域の外径に応じて内径が大きくなる傾斜面を有するイオンガン。 - 請求項11において、
前記第1のカソードは、前記アノードの前記張り出し領域に対向する面に、前記アノードの前記張り出し領域が有する開口に応じた傾斜面をもつ凸部を有するイオンガン。 - 請求項1において、
前記第1のカソードは、前記アノードの前記張り出し領域に対向する面に非磁性材料が配置されているイオンガン。 - 請求項13において、
前記非磁性材料として、少なくともタングステン、モリブデン、チタン、クロム、タンタルのいずれかを含むイオンガン。 - 請求項13記載において、
前記非磁性材料として、少なくともグラファイトカーボン、単結晶グラファイト、高配向熱分解黒鉛のいずれかを含むイオンガン。 - 請求項1記載において、
前記第1のカソードと前記第1の永久磁石との間に、前記第1の永久磁石よりも内径の大きい第2の永久磁石が配置され、
前記絶縁体は、前記アノードを、電気的に接続されている前記第1のカソード、前記第2のカソード、前記第1の永久磁石及び前記第2の永久磁石から電気的に絶縁するイオンガン。 - 請求項1記載において、
前記第1のカソードと前記第1の永久磁石との間に、前記第1の永久磁石よりも内径の大きい第3のカソードが配置され、
前記絶縁体は、前記アノードを、電気的に接続されている前記第1のカソード、前記第2のカソード、前記第3のカソード及び前記第1の永久磁石から電気的に絶縁するイオンガン。 - 請求項1~17のいずれか1項に記載のイオンガンと、
真空排気系によって気圧制御される真空チャンバーと、
前記真空チャンバー内に配置され、試料を保持するための試料ステージとを備え、
前記イオンガンからイオンビームを照射して前記試料を加工するイオンミリング装置。 - 請求項18において、
前記イオンガンに接続されるガス供給機構と、
前記イオンガンを制御するイオンガン制御部とを有し、
前記イオンガンは、イオンビーム取り出し孔が設けられた加速電極を有し、
前記ガス供給機構は前記イオンガン内部にイオン化させるガスを供給し、
前記イオンガン制御部は、前記第1のカソード及び前記第2のカソードと前記アノードとの間に放電電圧を印加してグロー放電を発生させ、前記第2のカソードと前記加速電極との間に加速電圧を印加することにより、前記グロー放電により発生した電子と前記ガスとが衝突して生じたイオンを加速させて、前記加速電極の前記イオンビーム取り出し孔から放出させるイオンミリング装置。
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JP2006351374A (ja) * | 2005-06-16 | 2006-12-28 | Jeol Ltd | イオン源 |
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WO2016017661A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-02-04 | 株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ | イオンミリング装置、イオン源およびイオンミリング方法 |
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WO2015016040A1 (ja) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-05 | 株式会社 日立ハイテクノロジーズ | 走査電子顕微鏡 |
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WO2016017661A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-02-04 | 株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ | イオンミリング装置、イオン源およびイオンミリング方法 |
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