WO2020228186A1

WO2020228186A1 - Method for rapidly and artificially cultivating abies plant seedlings

Info

Publication number: WO2020228186A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/103666
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈利萍; 王挺进; 刘柯; 袁璐; 帅辉; 刘玥; 杨洋
Original assignee: 浙江大学
Priority date: 2019-05-14
Filing date: 2019-08-30
Publication date: 2020-11-19
Also published as: CN112021139A; CN112021139B

Abstract

A method for rapidly and artificially cultivating Abies plant seedlings, aiming to solve the problems of slow growth, low survival rate, etc., in a natural environment, of Abies plant seedlings, which are mainly Abies beshanzuensis. Seedlings are encouraged to grow rapidly by taking Abies plant seedlings as materials and applying microbial fertilizer and water-soluble fertilizer thereto in combination with a favorable artificial formula substrate and cultivation environment. Under the conditions of the artificially prepared substrate and the artificial cultivation environment, the Abies plant seedlings grow rapidly and can grow to the size of two-three-year-old seedlings in a wild habitat within ten months. The method ameliorates the problems of slow and difficult growth, etc., in natural conditions, of the Abies plant seedlings. The method is common and efficient, has strong operability and obvious effects, and in addition to being applicable to Abies plants, is also of great significance to rapid cultivation of other Pinaceae plants.

Description

Method for quickly artificially cultivating seedlings of fir plants

Technical field

The invention relates to a method for rapidly artificially cultivating seedlings of plants of the genus Abies, which promotes the rapid and robust growth of seedlings, and completes the field return of artificially cultivated seedlings and artificial afforestation as soon as possible.

Background technique

The Pinaceae Abies plants have obvious endemic and relic phenomena. They originated in the middle and high altitude areas of the Northern Hemisphere in the middle of the Cretaceous. It is of great significance for the study of plant geographic distribution, system evolution, paleoclimate and paleogeography. . At the same time, fir plants are important forest vegetation and an excellent source of wood. Fir resin is also the best glue for making slices and precision instruments.

Among them, Abies beshanzuensis (Abies beshanzuensis) is a national first-level key protected plant and an ancient relic plant unique to my country. In 1987, it was listed as one of the 12 most endangered plants in the world by the World Conservation Union Species Survival Committee (SSC). The Baishanzu fir is naturally distributed in the narrow sheltered valley at an altitude of about 1,740 meters in the Baishanzu Nature Reserve. It was widely distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian and other provinces in the Tertiary Period. The rare species so far are of great significance to the study of geography and climatology.

Under natural conditions, most of the fir plants live in symbiosis with fungi, making it difficult to cultivate seedlings artificially. At the same time, seedlings germinated in nature also have problems such as very slow growth and extremely weak growth potential. Therefore, there is an urgent need to invent a method for rapidly artificially cultivating plants of the genus Abies to promote the rapid growth of seedlings in artificial substrates and return to the wild as soon as possible.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to improve the prior art and provide a method for rapidly artificially cultivating seedlings of fir genus plants.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a method for rapidly artificially cultivating fir seedlings, the method is: transplanting fir seedlings to sterilized artificial substrates for cultivation, and applying fertilizer to the roots .

The artificial matrix is obtained by high-pressure steam sterilization after the compressed matrix and the pine scale are uniformly mixed in equal volume;

The fertilizer is obtained by the following method: taking 1 mL of the microbial fertilizer stock solution and 1.0 g of the water-soluble fertilizer, and adding purified water to make the volume to 1000 mL. Among them, the preparation method of the microbial fertilizer stock solution is as follows: take 100 g of brown sugar, 2L of purified water, stir and dissolve, and then carry out high-pressure steam sterilization; Loosen the mouth of the container to release gas in 1 to 2 days.

Further, the high-pressure steam sterilization method is: maintaining at a temperature of 121° C. and a pressure in the sterilization pot up to 0.15 MPa for 20-25 minutes.

Furthermore, during the fermentation process of the microbial fertilizer stock solution, the strains are rapidly activated for the first 2 to 4 days of fermentation to produce a large amount of gas, and then the gas production rate decreases until the activation is completed, the pH is 3.5 to 4.5, the smell is sour and sweet and not pungent.

Furthermore, the water-soluble fertilizers are fertilizers with balanced nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, such as "Kangjing 17-17-17", which contain necessary macroelements and trace elements.

Further, the compressed matrix uses the combination of fine sphagnum moss and fine perlite suitable for seedling growth, "Lambeau LM-18". The pine scales have a diameter of 3 to 5 mm. When mixing, add pure water until the matrix can be kneaded into a mass in the hand Loose but not dripping.

Further, the culture environment is: temperature 23°C/18°C, light quantum flux density (PPDF) not less than 80 μmol/m ² ·s, light time 14h/d, and air humidity maintained above 80%.

The advantages of the invention are: the seedlings of the fir genus plants of the invention are used as materials, and microbial fertilizers and water-soluble fertilizers are applied and cultivated in a suitable artificial substrate and a suitable environment. Solve the problem of slow growth of fir seedlings and low survival rate of seedlings under natural environmental conditions. The seedlings of fir plants suitable for return to the wild can be quickly obtained in a short time. The method is versatile, efficient, and has strong operability and significant effects. In addition to being suitable for fir plants, it is also of great significance for the rapid cultivation of other pines.

Detailed ways

In the following, the present invention will be further described in conjunction with embodiments.

The EM strain solid powder in the following examples was purchased from Henan Yueshi Jingzhong Technology Co., Ltd. It has been verified by a large number of experiments that any manufacturer's EM strain solid powder or self-prepared EM strain solid powder according to the existing literature can be used in the present invention.

Example 1:

Materials: This example takes as an example to promote the rapid growth of Baishanzu fir embryo culture seedlings.

Step (1): Preparation of microbial activation liquid medium. Take 100g of brown sugar, 2L of purified water, stir to dissolve and perform autoclave sterilization at 121°C and 0.15MPa for 21min;

Step (2): Activate the bacteria to prepare a microbial fertilizer stock solution. Take 1.0g of EM strain solid powder, add it to the sterilized medium in step 1, seal and ferment at 37°C for 7 days, loosen the container mouth every 2 days to release gas;

Step (3): Prepare artificial substrate for seedling culture. Take out the "Lambeau LM-18" compressed matrix, make it loose and mix it with an equal volume of 3～5mm pine scales, add purified water and stir evenly, then perform high-pressure steam sterilization. The sterilization method is the same as step (1);

Step (4): Cultivation of Baishanzu fir seedlings. Take out Baishanzu fir seedlings from the Baishanzu fir embryo culture medium, wash the root medium, and transplant them into the artificial substrate configured in step 3 after sterilization. At a temperature of 23℃/18℃, light quantum flux The density (PPDF) is not less than 80μmol/m ² ·s, the light time is 14h/d, and the humidity is gradually reduced from 100% to over 80% within two weeks.

Step (5): Apply microbial fertilizer and water-soluble fertilizer. Take 1mL of the microbial fertilizer stock solution prepared in step 2 and 1.0g of the water-soluble fertilizer "Kangjing 17-17-17", add pure water to make the volume to 1000mL, and apply the fertilizer once a week to the roots of the seedlings. Plant 5-15mL, and keep the substrate moist with clean water for the rest of the time. By this method, the seedlings can grow to the size of a 2- to 3-year-old plant in the wild environment within 10 months.

Example 2:

Material: This example takes as an example the promotion of natural germination of resource fir seeds and the rapid growth of seedlings.

Step (3): Prepare artificial substrate for cultivation of resource fir seedlings. Take out the "Lambeau LM-18" compressed matrix, make it loose and mix it with an equal volume of 3～5mm pine scales, add purified water and stir evenly, then perform high-pressure steam sterilization. The sterilization method is the same as step (1);

Step (4): Resource fir seedling cultivation. Transplant the naturally germinated resource fir seedlings into the artificial substrate sterilized in step 3, at a temperature of 23°C/18°C, a light quantum flux density (PPDF) not less than 80μmol/m ² ·s, and an illumination time of 14h/d , The humidity is kept above 80%;

Step (5): Apply microbial fertilizer and water-soluble fertilizer. Take 1mL of the microbial fertilizer stock solution prepared in step 2 and 1.0g of water-soluble fertilizer, add purified water to make the volume to 1000mL, water the seedlings at the roots, water the fertilizer twice a week, each time 5-15m per plant, use the rest of the time Clean water keeps the substrate moist. By this method, the seedlings can grow to a height of more than 10 cm in 6 months, with more than 2 primary branches.

Claims

A method for rapidly artificially cultivating seedlings of plants of the genus Abies, characterized in that the method is:

The fir seedlings are transplanted to the sterilized artificial substrate for cultivation, and fertilizer is applied to the roots.

The artificial matrix is obtained by high-pressure steam sterilization after the compressed matrix and the pine scale are uniformly mixed in equal volume;

The fertilizer is obtained by the following method: taking 1 mL of the microbial fertilizer stock solution and 1.0 g of the water-soluble fertilizer, and adding purified water to make the volume to 1000 mL. Among them, the preparation method of the microbial fertilizer stock solution is as follows: take 100g of brown sugar, 2L of purified water, stir and dissolve it and perform high-pressure steam sterilization; ~2 days loosen the container mouth to release gas.
The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-pressure steam sterilization method is: maintaining at a temperature of 121°C and a pressure in the sterilization pot up to 0.15 MPa for 20-25 minutes.
The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fermentation process of the microbial fertilizer stock solution, the bacteria are rapidly activated for the first 2 to 4 days of fermentation to produce a large amount of gas, and then the gas production rate decreases until the activation is completed, and the pH is 3.5 to 4.5, the smell is sweet and sour and not pungent.
The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water-soluble fertilizer is a fertilizer with balanced nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the compression substrate is a combination of fine sphagnum moss and fine perlite suitable for the growth of seedlings, "Lambeau LM-18", the diameter of the pine scales is 3 to 5 mm, and purified water is added when mixing Until the matrix can be kneaded in the hand, not loose but not dripping.
The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the culture environment is: temperature 23°C/18°C, light quantum flux density (PPDF) not less than 80μmol/m 2 ·s, illumination time 14h/d, air humidity maintenance Above 80%.