WO2020207353A1 - 一种卧式五轴翻板加工中心 - Google Patents

一种卧式五轴翻板加工中心 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020207353A1
WO2020207353A1 PCT/CN2020/083274 CN2020083274W WO2020207353A1 WO 2020207353 A1 WO2020207353 A1 WO 2020207353A1 CN 2020083274 W CN2020083274 W CN 2020083274W WO 2020207353 A1 WO2020207353 A1 WO 2020207353A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
slide
screw
limit
horizontal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/083274
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈虎
侯延星
张传思
刘廷辉
范春宏
时冬梅
赵立新
王阔
仲辉
段惠强
Original Assignee
科德数控股份有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 科德数控股份有限公司 filed Critical 科德数控股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020217035317A priority Critical patent/KR102630861B1/ko
Priority to JP2021558699A priority patent/JP7214890B2/ja
Priority to US17/600,953 priority patent/US20220176475A1/en
Priority to ES20788537T priority patent/ES2952307T3/es
Priority to EP20788537.7A priority patent/EP3943228B1/en
Publication of WO2020207353A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020207353A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/60—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/62—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
    • B23Q1/621—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C9/00—Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C1/00—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations
    • B23C1/06—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations with one vertical working-spindle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/50—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/52—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism a single rotating pair
    • B23Q1/525—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism a single rotating pair which is parallel to the working surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/14—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting co-ordinated in production lines
    • B23Q7/1426—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting co-ordinated in production lines with work holders not rigidly fixed to the transport devices
    • B23Q7/1442—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting co-ordinated in production lines with work holders not rigidly fixed to the transport devices using carts carrying work holders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/14—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting co-ordinated in production lines
    • B23Q7/1426—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting co-ordinated in production lines with work holders not rigidly fixed to the transport devices
    • B23Q7/1463—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting co-ordinated in production lines with work holders not rigidly fixed to the transport devices using rotary driving means
    • B23Q7/1468—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting co-ordinated in production lines with work holders not rigidly fixed to the transport devices using rotary driving means comprising rollers or cogwheels, or pinions or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/14—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting co-ordinated in production lines
    • B23Q7/1426—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting co-ordinated in production lines with work holders not rigidly fixed to the transport devices
    • B23Q7/1463—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting co-ordinated in production lines with work holders not rigidly fixed to the transport devices using rotary driving means
    • B23Q7/1473—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting co-ordinated in production lines with work holders not rigidly fixed to the transport devices using rotary driving means comprising screw conveyors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C1/00—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations
    • B23C1/002—Gantry-type milling machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C1/00—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations
    • B23C1/08—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations with a plurality of vertical working-spindles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of machine tool structure, in particular to a horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center.
  • the present invention researches and designs a horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center.
  • the technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:
  • a horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center includes a support base, a bed set on the support base, and a column set on the support base.
  • the bed and the column are fixedly connected by a connecting arm.
  • the support The base is also provided with a flipping device, the flipping device includes a flipping plate hinged on the support base and a first driving unit capable of driving the flipping plate to flip, the side of the bed facing the column is provided with a power An X-direction slide plate that slides along the X-direction on the bed and a second drive unit that can drive the X-direction slide plate to slide.
  • the turning plate is provided with a third driving unit that can drive the worktable to switch between the turning plate and the X-direction slide plate.
  • the X-direction slide plate is provided with a locking mechanism capable of locking the workbench
  • the Y-direction slide plate is provided on the column
  • the Y-direction slide plate is provided with a Z-direction ram
  • the Z-direction slide plate There is a milling head on the ram.
  • the lower part of the flap is provided with a first support slide
  • the lower part of the X-direction slide plate is provided with a second support slide
  • the lower part of the back of the workbench is provided with a sliding roller
  • the sliding roller can be Slide on the first support slide and the second support slide
  • the upper part of the workbench is provided with a limit chute
  • the upper part of the flap is provided with a first limit roller
  • the first limit roller can enter the limit The chute slides relative to the limit chute, and limits the worktable on the flip plate.
  • the upper part of the X-direction slide plate is provided with a second limit roller
  • the second limit roller can enter the limit chute and Sliding relative to the limiting chute, and limiting the worktable on the X-direction sliding plate.
  • the first driving unit includes a flap screw hinged on the support base and a flap drive motor that drives the flap screw to rotate, and an upper end of the flap is provided with a flap screw that cooperates with the flap screw. Screw nut.
  • the second driving unit includes a rack fixed on the bed along the X-direction, a gear installed on the X-direction sliding plate, and a motor that drives the gear, and the gear meshes with the rack.
  • the third driving unit includes a worm and a motor for driving the worm.
  • the axial direction of the worm is arranged along the X direction, and the back of the worktable is provided with rollers arranged along the X direction. There is a gap therebetween, which cooperates with the worm, so that when the worm rotates, the roller can be pushed to move, thereby driving the worktable to move.
  • the locking mechanism includes a T-shaped block, a support block, a pull rod, a disc spring, a spring, and a fourth driving device that drives the pull rod to move axially.
  • the support block is fixed on the X-direction slide plate, and the pull rod passes through The T-shaped block and the supporting block, and the end of the pull rod is provided with a first radial protrusion capable of pulling the T-shaped block, the spring is arranged between the T-shaped block and the supporting block, the disc spring is sleeved on the pull rod, so The disc spring and the T-shaped block are respectively located on the outside and inside of the support block, the pull rod is provided with a second radial protrusion that limits the disc spring on the pull rod, and both ends of the disc spring are connected to the support block and the first The two radial protrusions abut against each other, and the back of the workbench is provided with a T-shaped locking groove that matches with the T-shaped block.
  • the Y-direction slide plate is arranged on one side of the upright column, and the tool magazine is arranged on the other side of the upright column.
  • the side of the upright column is provided with a first Y-direction screw, a second Y-direction screw, and a first The first Y-direction drive motor and the second Y-direction drive motor of the Y-direction screw and the second Y-direction lead screw, the Y-direction sliding plate is installed on the first Y-direction lead screw and the second Y-direction lead screw, the Two Z-direction slide rails are provided on the Y-direction slide plate, the two sides of the Z-direction ram are installed on the Z-direction slide rail through Z-direction sliding blocks, and the milling head is an A/B swing angle milling head.
  • the horizontal five-axis turning machining center of the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the spindle has good rigidity, which is especially suitable for high-efficiency and high-precision machining of aluminum alloy aviation parts and cylindrical parts;
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of A in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of B in Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the workbench according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of C in Fig. 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another perspective three-dimensional structure of the workbench according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic side view of a workbench according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bed and the X-direction sliding plate according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic side view of the bed and the X-direction slide plate according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic side view of the bed, the X-direction sliding plate and the worktable according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of D in Fig. 10.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation relationship between the worm and the worktable according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is an enlarged view of E in Fig. 12.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic view of another perspective three-dimensional structure of the column according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • a horizontal five-axis turning plate machining center includes a support base 1, a bed 2 set on the support base 1, and a column 3 set on the support base 1.
  • the bed 2 and the column 3 are fixedly connected by a connecting arm 4.
  • the supporting base 1 is also provided with a turning device 5, and the turning device 5 includes a lower part hinged to the supporting base 1 through a first hinge 6
  • the turning plate 7 and the first driving unit capable of driving the turning plate 7 to turn, the side of the bed 2 facing the column 3 is provided with an X-direction slide 8 that can slide on the bed 2 in the X direction and a X-direction slide 8 Sliding second drive unit
  • the flip plate 7 is provided with a third drive unit capable of driving the worktable 9 to perform position conversion between the flip plate 7 and the X-direction sliding plate 8
  • the X-direction sliding plate 8 is provided
  • a locking mechanism capable of locking the workbench 9, a Y-direction slide plate 10 is provided on the column 3, a Z-direction ram 11 is provided on the Y-direction slide plate 10, and the Z-direction ram 11 is provided Milling head 12.
  • the lower part of the flap 7 is provided with a first supporting slide 13, and the lower part of the X-direction sliding plate 8 is provided with a second supporting slide 14, and the lower part of the back of the working table 9 is provided with a sliding roller 15;
  • the roller 15 can slide on the first support slide 13 and the second support slide 14.
  • the first support slide 13 and the second support slide 14 are coaxially arranged, and the upper part of the workbench 9 is provided with a limit slide Slot 16, the upper part of the flap 7 is provided with a first limit roller 17 that can enter the limit chute 16 and slide relative to the limit chute 16, and limit the worktable 9 Located on the flap 7, a second limit roller 18 is provided on the upper part of the X-direction sliding plate 8.
  • the second limit roller 18 can enter the limit chute 16 and slide relative to the limit chute 16, and
  • the workbench 9 is limited to the X-direction sliding plate 8.
  • the first driving unit includes a flipper screw 20 hinged to the support base 1 through a second hinge 19 and a flipper drive motor 21 that drives the flipper screw 20 to rotate.
  • the end surface of the flipper 7 is provided with
  • the two end faces of the turning plate 7 are respectively provided with a lead screw nut 22 which is matched with the turning plate screw 20.
  • the second driving unit includes a rack 23 fixed on the bed along the X-direction, a gear 24 mounted on the X-direction sliding plate 8 and a gear motor 25 that drives the gear 24, and the gear 24 meshes with the rack 23, as shown in picture 2.
  • the third driving unit includes a worm 26 and a motor for driving the worm.
  • the specific driving mode can be coaxial drive or geared.
  • the axial direction of the worm 26 is arranged along the X direction, and the back of the worktable 9
  • rollers 27 arranged along the X direction, and there is a gap between adjacent rollers 27, which cooperate with the worm 26.
  • the spiral structure of the worm and the roller 27 are spaced and matched to form a similar meshing structure, so that the worm 26 When rotating, the roller 27 can be pushed to move to drive the worktable 9 to move, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13.
  • the locking mechanism 28 includes a T-shaped block 29, a supporting block 30, a pull rod 31, a disc spring 32, a spring 33, and a fourth driving device 32 that drives the pull rod 31 to move axially.
  • the support block 30 is fixed on the X-direction sliding plate 8
  • the pull rod 31 passes through the T-shaped block 29 and the support block 30, and the end of the pull rod 31 is provided with a first radial protrusion 34 that can pull the T-shaped block 29.
  • the spring 33 is arranged between the T-shaped block 29 and the supporting block 30.
  • the disc spring 32 is sleeved on the pull rod 31.
  • the disc spring 32 and the T-shaped block 29 are respectively located outside and inside the supporting block 30.
  • the pull rod 31 There is a second radial protrusion 35 that restricts the disc spring 32 on the pull rod 31.
  • the two ends of the disc spring 32 abut against the support block 30 and the second radial protrusion 35 respectively.
  • the worktable 9 There is a T-shaped locking groove 43 matched with the T-shaped block 29 on the back side.
  • the fourth driving device 32 pushes the pull rod 31, the second radial protrusion 35 compresses the disc spring 32, the T-shaped block 29 moves in the direction of the principle support block 30 under the elastic force of the spring 33, and the support block There is a certain gap between 30, which is convenient for the worktable 9 to slide to the X-direction sliding plate 8, the T-shaped block 29 enters the T-shaped locking groove 43, the fourth driving device 32 stops pushing the pull rod 31, and the disc spring 32 expands and resets from the compressed state , The pull rod 31 is pulled through the second radial protrusion 35, and the pull rod 31 pulls the T-shaped block 29 to the support block 30 through the first radial protrusion 34 and locks the T-shaped block 29, and the T-shaped block 29 will work The platform 9 is locked on the X-directional sliding plate 8.
  • the fourth driving device adopted in this embodiment may be an oil cylinder or a cam structure driven by a stepping motor, as long as it can push the pull rod 31.
  • the Y-direction sliding plate 10 is arranged on one side of the column 3, and the tool magazine 36 is arranged on the other side of the column, as shown in FIG. 15.
  • the side of the spindle box is hung on the left side of the upright column, and the tool magazine is arranged on the right side of the upright column, and the tool is changed by moving the manipulator.
  • the side of the column 3 is provided with a first Y-direction screw 37, a second Y-direction screw 38, and a first Y-direction drive motor 39 that drives the first Y-direction screw 37 and the second Y-direction screw 38, respectively.
  • the second Y-direction drive motor 40, the Y-direction sliding plate 10 is mounted on the first Y-direction screw 37 and the second Y-direction screw 38, and the Y-direction sliding plate 10 is provided with two Z-direction sliding rails 41, The two sides of the Z-direction ram 11 are mounted on the Z-direction slide rail 41 through the Z-direction slider 42.
  • the milling head 12 is an A/B swing angle milling head, specifically a connecting rod A/B swing angle milling head .
  • the column 3 is also provided with a balancing cylinder 44 for balancing the Y-direction sliding plate 10.
  • the main shaft of this embodiment realizes the movement of the A-axis around the X-axis.
  • the structure of the whole machine is relatively simple, and the rigidity of the main shaft is very good. Efficient and high-precision machining of parts and cylindrical parts. Meet the domestic aerospace industry's demand for high-efficiency and high-precision processing equipment for aluminum alloy parts.
  • the X-direction, Y-direction, and Z-direction mentioned in the present invention are all commonly used names for machine tool directions in this field. In order to facilitate the distinction of the direction relationship between the movement and installation of each component, it is not a limitation on the absolute direction of each component.
  • the working position of the turning plate 7 is facing upwards, the workbench 9 is located on the turning plate 7, and the workers assemble the parts to be processed;
  • the first drive unit drives the flap 7 to rotate and lift it to a vertical position, which is parallel to the X-direction slide 8 on the bed 2;
  • the bed on the workbench the worm 26 of the third driving unit drives the workbench 9 to the bed position, the sliding roller 15 rolls from the first support slide 13 to the second support slide 14, and the locking mechanism locks the workbench 9 on Process the parts on the X-direction slide 8;
  • Processed parts under the machine tool After the processing is completed, the workbench 9 is driven by the third drive unit to return to the flap 7, the first drive unit drives the flap 7 to rotate to the horizontal position, the worker disassembles the parts, and then enters the next cycle.

Abstract

一种卧式五轴翻板加工中心，包括支撑基座（1）、设置在支撑基座（1）上的床身（2）和设置在支撑基座（1）上的立柱（3），床身（2）和立柱（3）通过连接臂（4）固定连接，支撑基座（1）上还设有翻板装置（5），床身（2）朝向立柱（3）的一侧设有能在床身（2）上沿X向滑动的X向滑板（8）。

Description

一种卧式五轴翻板加工中心 技术领域
本发明涉及机床整机结构技术领域，具体涉及一种卧式五轴翻板加工中心。
背景技术
随着我国航空工业的快速发展，各种板类腔体零件需要加工，为了提高加工效率及精度，多数机床采用将工件垂直装夹在加工工位上，铣刀卧式安装在机床的主轴上。目前，卧式五轴加工中心采用弓箭直接装载在加工工位，装载工作不易操作，尤其对于大切削去除率的航发结构件的加工，会极大降低生产效率，已经无法满足国内航空航天行业对铝合金件高效、高精度加工设备的需求。
发明内容
本发明针对以上问题的提出，而研究设计一种卧式五轴翻板加工中心。本发明采用的技术手段如下：
一种卧式五轴翻板加工中心，包括支撑基座、设置在支撑基座上的床身和设置在支撑基座上的立柱，所述床身和立柱通过连接臂固定连接，所述支撑基座上还设有翻板装置，所述翻板装置包括下部铰接于支撑基座上的翻板以及能驱动翻板翻转的第一驱动单元，所述床身朝向立柱的一侧设有能在床身上沿X向滑动的X向滑板及能驱动X向滑板滑动的第二驱动单元，所述翻板上设有能驱动工作台在翻板和X向滑板之间进行位置转换的第三驱动单元，所述X向滑板上设有能对工作台进行锁紧的锁紧机构，所述立柱上设有Y向滑板，所述Y向滑板上设有Z向滑枕，所述Z向滑枕上设有铣头。
进一步地，所述翻板的下部设有第一支撑滑道，所述X向滑板的下部设有第二支撑滑道，所述工作台的背面下部设有滑动滚轮，所述滑动滚轮能在第一支撑滑道和第二支撑滑道上滑动，所述工作台的上部设有限位滑槽，所述翻板的上部设有第一限位滚轮，所述第一限位滚轮能进入限位滑槽并相对于限位滑槽滑动，并将工作台限位于翻板上，所述X向滑板的上部设有第二限位滚轮，所述第二限位滚轮能进入限位滑槽并相对于限位滑槽滑动，并将工作台限位于X向滑板上。
进一步地，所述第一驱动单元包括铰接于支撑基座上的翻板丝杠及驱动翻 板丝杠转动的翻板驱动电机，所述翻板的端面上部设有与翻板丝杠配合的丝杠螺母。
进一步地，所述第二驱动单元包括沿X向固定在床身上的齿条、安装在X向滑板上的齿轮及驱动所述齿轮的电机，所述齿轮与齿条啮合。
进一步地，所述第三驱动单元包括蜗杆和驱动蜗杆的电机，所述蜗杆的轴向沿X向设置，所述工作台的背面设有沿X向排列的滚柱，相邻的滚柱之间存在间隙，与所述蜗杆配合，使得蜗杆转动时能推动滚柱移动从而驱动工作台移动。
进一步地，所述锁紧机构包括T型块、支撑块、拉杆、碟簧、弹簧和驱动拉杆轴向移动的第四驱动装置，所述支撑块固定在X向滑板上，所述拉杆穿过T型块和支撑块，且拉杆端部设有能拉动T型块的第一径向凸起，所述弹簧设置于T型块和支撑块之间，所述碟簧套于拉杆上，所述碟簧和T型块分别位于支撑块的外侧和内侧，所述拉杆上设有将碟簧限位于拉杆上的第二径向凸起，所述碟簧的两端分别与支撑块和第二径向凸起抵接，所述工作台的背面设有与所述T型块配合的T型锁紧槽。
进一步地，所述Y向滑板设置于立柱的一侧，刀库设置于立柱的另一侧，所述立柱的侧面设有第一Y向丝杠、第二Y向丝杠以及分别驱动第一Y向丝杠和第二Y向丝杠的第一Y向驱动电机和第二Y向驱动电机，所述Y向滑板安装于第一Y向丝杠和第二Y向丝杠上，所述Y向滑板上设有两个Z向滑轨，所述Z向滑枕的两侧通过Z向滑块安装于Z向滑轨上，所述铣头为A/B摆角铣头。
与现有技术比较，本发明所述的卧式五轴翻板加工中心具有以下优点：
1、设置翻板装置，实现翻板水平和竖直位置转换，实现翻板在水平状态时进行工件的安装和拆卸，并实现翻板在竖直状态下将工作台输送至床身，进行工件加工，极大提高装卸效率；
2、采用双丝杠和双滑道结构，主轴刚性好，特别适合铝合金航发类零件、圆柱件的高效、高精度加工；
3、采用A/B摆角铣头的形式，合理的整机结构配置，进一步保证了加工精度和加工效率。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的结构示意图。
图2是图1的A处放大图。
图3是图1的B处放大图。
图4是本发明实施例所述的工作台的立体结构示意图。
图5是图4的C处放大图。
图6是本发明实施例所述的工作台的另一角度的立体结构示意图。
图7是本发明实施例所述的工作台的侧面示意图。
图8是本发明实施例所述的床身与X向滑板的结构示意图。
图9是本发明实施例所述的床身与X向滑板的侧视示意图。
图10是本发明实施例所述的床身、X向滑板与工作台的侧视示意图。
图11是图10的D处放大图。
图12是本发明实施例所述的蜗杆与工作台的配合关系示意图。
图13是图12的E处放大图。
图14是本发明实施例所述的锁紧机构的结构示意图。
图15是本发明实施例所述的立柱的另一角度的立体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1至图15所示，一种卧式五轴翻板加工中心，包括支撑基座1、设置在支撑基座1上的床身2和设置在支撑基座1上的立柱3，所述床身2和立柱3通过连接臂4固定连接，所述支撑基座1上还设有翻板装置5，所述翻板装置5包括下部通过第一铰链6铰接于支撑基座1上的翻板7以及能驱动翻板7翻转的第一驱动单元，所述床身2朝向立柱3的一侧设有能在床身2上沿X向滑动的X向滑板8及能驱动X向滑板8滑动的第二驱动单元，所述翻板7上设有能驱动工作台9在翻板7和X向滑板8之间进行位置转换的第三驱动单元，所述X向滑板8上设有能对工作台9进行锁紧的锁紧机构，所述立柱3上设有Y向滑板10，所述Y向滑板10上设有Z向滑枕11，所述Z向滑枕11上设有铣头12。
所述翻板7的下部设有第一支撑滑道13，所述X向滑板8的下部设有第二支撑滑道14，所述工作台9的背面下部设有滑动滚轮15，所述滑动滚轮15能在第一支撑滑道13和第二支撑滑道14上滑动，所述第一支撑滑道13和第二支撑滑道14同轴设置，所述工作台9的上部设有限位滑槽16，所述翻板7的上部设有第一限位滚轮17，所述第一限位滚轮17能进入限位滑槽16并相对于限位滑槽16滑动，并将工作台9限位于翻板7上，所述X向滑板8的上部设有第二限位滚轮18，所述第二限位滚轮18能进入限位滑槽16并相对于限位滑槽16滑动，并将工作台9限位于X向滑板8上。
所述第一驱动单元包括通过第二铰链19铰接于支撑基座1上的翻板丝杠20及驱动翻板丝杠20转动的翻板驱动电机21，所述翻板7的端面上部设有与翻板丝杠20配合的丝杠螺母22，本实施例中，为了保证翻转动作的稳定性，所述翻板7的两个端面上端分别设有一个丝杠螺母，翻板7的两端相应地设有两个翻板丝杠。
所述第二驱动单元包括沿X向固定在床身上的齿条23、安装在X向滑板8上的齿轮24及驱动所述齿轮24的齿轮电机25，所述齿轮24与齿条23啮合，如图2所示。
所述第三驱动单元包括蜗杆26和驱动蜗杆的电机，具体驱动方式可以为同轴驱动，也可以通过齿轮进行驱动，所述蜗杆26的轴向沿X向设置，所述工作台9的背面设有沿X向排列的滚柱27，相邻的滚柱27之间存在间隙，与所述蜗杆26配合，蜗杆的螺状结构与滚柱27间隔配合，形成类似啮合的结构，使得蜗杆26转动时能推动滚柱27移动从而驱动工作台9移动，如图12和图13所示。
如图11和图14所示，所述锁紧机构28包括T型块29、支撑块30、拉杆31、碟簧32、弹簧33和驱动拉杆31轴向移动的第四驱动装置32，所述支撑块30固定在X向滑板8上，所述拉杆31穿过T型块29和支撑块30，且拉杆31端部设有能拉动T型块29的第一径向凸起34，所述弹簧33设置于T型块29和支撑块30之间，所述碟簧32套于拉杆31上，所述碟簧32和T型块29分别位于支撑块30的外侧和内侧，所述拉杆31上设有将碟簧32限位于拉杆31上的第二径向凸起35，所述碟簧32的两端分别与支撑块30和第二径向凸起35抵接，所述工作台9的背面设有与所述T型块29配合的T型锁紧槽43。未锁紧状态下，第四驱动装置32推动拉杆31，第二径向凸起35压缩碟簧32，T型块29在弹簧33的弹力作用下向原理支撑块30的方向运动，与支撑块30之间产生一定间隙，方便工作台9滑至X向滑板8时，T型块29进入T型锁紧槽43，第四驱动装置32停止推动拉杆31，碟簧32从压缩状态下膨胀复位，通过第二径向凸起35拉动拉杆31，拉杆31通过第一径向凸起34拉动T型块29向支撑块30方向移动并将T型块29锁紧，进而T型块29将工作台9锁紧在X向滑板8上。本实施例采用的第四驱动装置可以为油缸，也可以为步进电机驱动的凸轮结构，只要能实现对拉杆31的推动即可。
所述Y向滑板10设置于立柱3的一侧，刀库36设置于立柱的另一侧，如 图15所示。本实施例中，主轴箱侧挂在立柱的左侧面，刀库设置于所述立柱的右侧面，采用移动机械手的方式换刀。所述立柱3的侧面设有第一Y向丝杠37、第二Y向丝杠38以及分别驱动第一Y向丝杠37和第二Y向丝杠38的第一Y向驱动电机39和第二Y向驱动电机40，所述Y向滑板10安装于第一Y向丝杠37和第二Y向丝杠38上，所述Y向滑板10上设有两个Z向滑轨41，所述Z向滑枕11的两侧通过Z向滑块42安装于Z向滑轨41上，所述铣头12为A/B摆角铣头，具体为连杆A/B摆角铣头。所述立柱3上还设有用于平衡Y向滑板10的平衡气缸44，本实施例的主轴绕X轴实现A轴运动，整机结构比较简单，主轴刚性非常好，特别适合铝合金航发类零件、圆柱件的高效、高精度加工。满足国内航空航天行业对铝合金件高效、高精度加工设备的需求。
本发明所述的X向、Y向和Z向均为本领域对机床方向的惯用叫法，为了方便区分各零部件运动与设置的方向关系，不作为对各个零部件的绝对方向的限定。
本实施例的工作过程如下：
上料：翻板7的工作位朝上，工作台9位于翻板7上，工人对待加工零件进行装卡；
翻板翻转：完成工件装卡后，第一驱动单元驱动翻板7转动抬起至竖直位置，并与床身2上的X向滑板8平行；
工作台上床身：第三驱动单元的蜗杆26驱动工作台9至床身位置，滑动滚轮15从第一支撑滑道13滚动至第二支撑滑道14，锁紧机构将工作台9锁紧在X向滑板8上，对零件进行加工；
已加工零件下机床：加工完成后，工作台9在第三驱动单元的驱动下回到翻板7，第一驱动单元驱动翻板7转动至水平位置，工人进行零件拆卸，完成后进入下一循环。
以上所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变形和改进，均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种卧式五轴翻板加工中心，包括支撑基座、设置在支撑基座上的床身和设置在支撑基座上的立柱，所述床身和立柱通过连接臂固定连接，其特征在于：所述支撑基座上还设有翻板装置，所述翻板装置包括下部铰接于支撑基座上的翻板以及能驱动翻板翻转的第一驱动单元，所述床身朝向立柱的一侧设有能在床身上沿X向滑动的X向滑板及能驱动X向滑板滑动的第二驱动单元，所述翻板上设有能驱动工作台在翻板和X向滑板之间进行位置转换的第三驱动单元，所述X向滑板上设有能对工作台进行锁紧的锁紧机构，所述立柱上设有Y向滑板，所述Y向滑板上设有Z向滑枕，所述Z向滑枕上设有铣头。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的卧式五轴翻板加工中心，其特征在于：所述翻板的下部设有第一支撑滑道，所述X向滑板的下部设有第二支撑滑道，所述工作台的背面下部设有滑动滚轮，所述滑动滚轮能在第一支撑滑道和第二支撑滑道上滑动，所述工作台的上部设有限位滑槽，所述翻板的上部设有第一限位滚轮，所述第一限位滚轮能进入限位滑槽并相对于限位滑槽滑动，并将工作台限位于翻板上，所述X向滑板的上部设有第二限位滚轮，所述第二限位滚轮能进入限位滑槽并相对于限位滑槽滑动，并将工作台限位于X向滑板上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的卧式五轴翻板加工中心，其特征在于：所述第一驱动单元包括铰接于支撑基座上的翻板丝杠及驱动翻板丝杠转动的翻板驱动电机，所述翻板的端面上部设有与翻板丝杠配合的丝杠螺母。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的卧式五轴翻板加工中心，其特征在于：所述第二驱动单元包括沿X向固定在床身上的齿条、安装在X向滑板上的齿轮及驱动所述齿轮的电机，所述齿轮与齿条啮合。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的卧式五轴翻板加工中心，其特征在于：所述第三驱动单元包括蜗杆和驱动蜗杆的电机，所述蜗杆的轴向沿X向设置，所述工作台的背面设有沿X向排列的滚柱，相邻的滚柱之间存在间隙，与所述蜗杆配合，使得蜗杆转动时能推动滚柱移动从而驱动工作台移动。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的卧式五轴翻板加工中心，其特征在于：所述锁紧机构包括T型块、支撑块、拉杆、碟簧、弹簧和驱动拉杆轴向移动的第四驱动装置，所述支撑块固定在X向滑板上，所述拉杆穿过T型块和支撑块，且拉杆端部设有能拉动T型块的第一径向凸起，所述弹簧设置于T型块和支撑块之间，所述碟簧套于拉杆上，所述碟簧和T型块分别位于支撑块的外侧和内侧，所述拉杆上设有将碟簧限位于拉杆上的第二径向凸起，所述碟簧的两端分别与支撑 块和第二径向凸起抵接，所述工作台的背面设有与所述T型块配合的T型锁紧槽。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的卧式五轴翻板加工中心，其特征在于：所述Y向滑板设置于立柱的一侧，刀库设置于立柱的另一侧，所述立柱的侧面设有第一Y向丝杠、第二Y向丝杠以及分别驱动第一Y向丝杠和第二Y向丝杠的第一Y向驱动电机和第二Y向驱动电机，所述Y向滑板安装于第一Y向丝杠和第二Y向丝杠上，所述Y向滑板上设有两个Z向滑轨，所述Z向滑枕的两侧通过Z向滑块安装于Z向滑轨上，所述铣头为A/B摆角铣头。
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