WO2020196643A1 - 塊状窒化ホウ素粒子、熱伝導樹脂組成物及び放熱部材 - Google Patents
塊状窒化ホウ素粒子、熱伝導樹脂組成物及び放熱部材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020196643A1 WO2020196643A1 PCT/JP2020/013385 JP2020013385W WO2020196643A1 WO 2020196643 A1 WO2020196643 A1 WO 2020196643A1 JP 2020013385 W JP2020013385 W JP 2020013385W WO 2020196643 A1 WO2020196643 A1 WO 2020196643A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to massive boron nitride particles, a heat conductive resin composition containing the same, and a heat radiating member using the heat conductive resin composition.
- heat-generating electronic components such as power devices, transistors, thyristors, and CPUs
- heat-generating electronic components such as power devices, transistors, thyristors, and CPUs
- (1) the insulating layer of the printed wiring board on which the heat-generating electronic component is mounted is made highly thermally conductive
- the heat-generating electronic component or the printed wiring on which the heat-generating electronic component is mounted is mounted.
- a silicone resin or an epoxy resin filled with ceramic powder is used as the insulating layer and thermal interface material of the printed wiring board.
- hexagonal boron nitride (Hexagonal Boron Nitride) powder which has excellent properties as an electrical insulating material such as high thermal conductivity, high insulation, and low relative permittivity, has attracted attention. There is.
- the hexagonal boron nitride particles have a thermal conductivity of 400 W / (m ⁇ K) in the in-plane direction (a-axis direction), whereas the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction (c-axis direction) is 2 W / (m ⁇ K). It is (m ⁇ K), and the anisotropy of the thermal conductivity derived from the crystal structure and the scaly shape is large.
- the resin is filled with hexagonal boron nitride powder, the particles are aligned and oriented in the same direction. Then, the thickness directions (c-axis directions) of the hexagonal boron nitride particles in the resin are aligned.
- the in-plane direction (a-axis direction) of the hexagonal boron nitride particles and the thickness direction of the thermal interface material become perpendicular to each other, and the in-plane direction (a-axis direction) of the hexagonal boron nitride particles. )
- the in-plane direction (a-axis direction) of the hexagonal boron nitride particles could not fully utilize the high thermal conductivity.
- Patent Document 1 proposes that the in-plane direction (a-axis direction) of the hexagonal boron nitride particles is oriented in the thickness direction of the high heat conductive sheet, and the in-plane direction (a-axis direction) of the hexagonal boron nitride particles. ) High thermal conductivity can be utilized. However, (1) it is necessary to laminate the oriented sheets in the next process, which tends to complicate the manufacturing process, and (2) it is necessary to cut thinly into a sheet after laminating and curing, so that the dimensional accuracy of the sheet thickness can be improved. There was a problem that it was difficult to secure it.
- hexagonal boron nitride particles have a scaly shape, the viscosity increases at the time of filling the resin and the fluidity deteriorates, so that high filling is difficult.
- various shapes of boron nitride powder in which the anisotropy of the thermal conductivity of hexagonal boron nitride particles is suppressed have been proposed.
- Patent Document 2 proposes the use of boron nitride powder in which hexagonal boron nitride particles as primary particles are aggregated without being oriented in the same direction, and the anisotropy of thermal conductivity is suppressed.
- Other methods for producing aggregated boron nitride include spherical boron nitride produced by the spray-drying method (Patent Document 3), boron nitride produced from agglomerates made from boron carbide (Patent Document 4), and repeatedly pressed and crushed. Aggregated boron nitride (Patent Document 5) is known.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-154265 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-202663 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-40341 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-98882 Special Table 2007-502770
- the surface of the flat portion of the scaly hexagonal boron nitride is very inactive, the surface of the lumpy boron nitride particles to suppress the anisotropy of thermal conductivity is also very inactive. .. Therefore, when the heat-dissipating member is produced by mixing the massive boron nitride particles and the resin, a gap may be formed between the boron nitride particles and the resin, which causes a void in the heat-dissipating member. When such voids occur in the heat radiating member, the thermal conductivity of the heat radiating member deteriorates and the dielectric breakdown characteristics deteriorate.
- the present invention relates to massive boron nitride particles capable of suppressing the generation of voids in the heat radiating member and improving the insulation failure characteristics and thermal conductivity of the heat radiating member, a heat conductive resin composition containing the massive boron nitride particles, and its thermal conductivity.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a heat radiating member using a resin composition. In the case of massive boron nitride particles having a high crushing strength, there is a problem of performance deterioration due to the formation of the voids.
- the present invention is based on the above findings, and the gist thereof is as follows.
- Bulked boron nitride particles obtained by aggregating hexagonal boron nitride primary particles, having a specific surface area of 2 to 6 m 2 / g measured by the BET method and a crushing strength of 5 MPa or more. ..
- a heat conductive resin composition containing the massive boron nitride particles capable of suppressing the generation of voids in the heat radiating member and improving the insulation failure characteristics and thermal conductivity of the heat radiating member, and the heat conduction thereof.
- a heat radiating member using a resin composition can be provided.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional observation photograph of the heat radiating member of Example 1 with an electron microscope.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional observation photograph of the heat radiating member of Comparative Example 1 with an electron microscope.
- the present invention is a massive boron nitride particle formed by aggregating hexagonal boron nitride primary particles, having a specific surface area of 2 to 6 m 2 / g measured by the BET method and a crushing strength of 5 MPa or more.
- massive boron nitride particles it is possible to suppress the generation of voids in the heat radiating member and improve the dielectric breakdown characteristics and thermal conductivity of the heat radiating member.
- the specific surface area of the massive boron nitride particles of the present invention measured by the BET method is 2 to 6 m 2 / g.
- the specific surface area of the massive boron nitride particles measured by the BET method is lower than 2 m 2 / g, the contact area between the massive boron nitride particles and the resin becomes small, and voids are likely to occur in the heat radiating member.
- the specific surface area of the massive boron nitride particles measured by the BET method is larger than 6 m 2 / g, the massive boron nitride particles cannot be added to the resin with high filling, and voids are likely to occur in the heat radiating member. , Dielectric breakdown characteristics also deteriorate.
- the specific surface area of the massive boron nitride particles measured by the BET method is preferably 2.0 to 5.5 m 2 / g, and more preferably 2.5 to 5.0 m 2 / g.
- the specific surface area of the massive boronitride particles measured by the BET method can be measured by the method described in the items of various measurement methods described later.
- the crushing strength of the massive boron nitride particles of the present invention is 5 MPa or more. If the crushing strength of the massive boron nitride particles is less than 5 MPa, the massive boron nitride particles may collapse due to stress during kneading with a resin or during pressing, and the thermal conductivity may decrease. From the above viewpoint, the crushing strength of the massive boron nitride particles is preferably 6 MPa or more, more preferably 7 MPa or more, and further preferably 8 MPa or more.
- the upper limit of the crushing strength of the massive boron nitride particles is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 30 MPa. Further, the crushing strength of the massive boron nitride particles can be measured by the method described in the items of various measuring methods described later.
- the average particle size of the massive boron nitride particles of the present invention is preferably 15 to 90 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size of the massive boron nitride particles is 15 ⁇ m or more, the major axis of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles constituting the massive boron nitride particles can be increased, and the thermal conductivity of the massive boron nitride particles can be increased. it can.
- the dielectric breakdown characteristics of the heat radiating member are also improved.
- the average particle diameter of the massive boron nitride particles is 90 ⁇ m or less, the heat radiating member can be made thin.
- the flow rate of heat is proportional to the thermal conductivity and the thickness of the heat radiating member, a thin heat radiating member is required. Further, when the average particle diameter of the massive boron nitride particles is 90 ⁇ m or less, the heat radiating member can be sufficiently adhered to the surface of the object to be radiated. Further, in this case as well, the dielectric breakdown characteristics of the heat radiating member are improved. From the above viewpoint, the average particle size of the massive boron nitride particles is more preferably 20 to 70 ⁇ m, further preferably 25 to 50 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 25 to 45 ⁇ m. The average particle size of the massive boronitride particles can be measured by the method described in the items of various measurement methods described later.
- the massive boron nitride particles of the present invention are preferably used as a raw material for heat-dissipating members of heat-generating electronic components such as power devices, and are particularly filled in a resin composition of an insulating layer of a printed wiring board and a thermal interface material. It is preferably used as.
- the ratio of the major axis (major axis / thickness) to the thickness of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles in the massive boron nitride particles of the present invention is preferably 8 to 15.
- the ratio of the major axis (major axis / thickness) to the thickness of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles is 8 to 15, the dielectric breakdown characteristics of the heat radiating member are further improved.
- the ratio of the major axis (major axis / thickness) to the thickness of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles is more preferably 8 to 14, and further preferably 8 to 13.
- the ratio of the major axis to the thickness of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles (major axis / thickness) is a value obtained by dividing the average value of the major axes of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles by the average value of the thickness.
- the average value of the major axis and the average value of the thickness of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles can be measured by the methods described in the items of various measurement methods described later.
- the average major axis of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles in the massive boron nitride particles of the present invention is preferably 2 to 12 ⁇ m.
- the average major axis of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles is 2 ⁇ m or more, the thermal conductivity of the massive boron nitride particles becomes good.
- the average value of the major axis of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles is 2 ⁇ m or more, the resin easily penetrates into the massive boron nitride particles, and the generation of voids in the heat radiating member can be suppressed.
- the average major axis of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles is 12 ⁇ m or less, the inside of the massive boron nitride particles becomes a dense structure, the crushing strength of the massive boron nitride particles is increased, and the thermal conduction of the massive boron nitride particles is increased. It can improve sex.
- the average value of the major axis of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles is more preferably 3 to 11 ⁇ m, still more preferably 3 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the massive boron nitride particles of the present invention contribute to the improvement of dielectric breakdown characteristics and thermal conductivity.
- the degree of contribution is such that the dielectric breakdown strength measured by the method described in Example 1 is 41 (kV / mm) or more. Further, according to the present invention, it is sufficiently possible to set the value to 45 (kV / mm) or more and 50 (kV / mm) or more.
- the massive boron nitride particles of the present invention can be produced by a method for producing massive boron nitride particles, which includes a pressure nitriding firing step and a decarburization crystallization step. Hereinafter, each step will be described in detail.
- boron carbide having an average particle size of 6 ⁇ m or more and 55 ⁇ m or less and a carbon content of 18% or more and 21% or less is pressure nitrided and fired.
- boron nitride suitable as a raw material for the massive boron nitride particles of the present invention can be obtained.
- the average particle size of the raw material boron carbide is preferably 6 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 7 ⁇ m or more, further preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, and preferably 55 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or less. More preferably, it is 45 or less ⁇ m.
- the average particle size of the raw material boron carbide is preferably 7 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 7 to 45 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size of boron carbide can be measured by the same method as the above-mentioned massive boron nitride particles.
- the carbon content of the raw material boron carbide used in the pressure nitriding step is preferably lower than B 4 C (21.7%) in composition, and it is desirable to use boron carbide having a carbon content of 18 to 21%. ..
- the carbon content of boron carbide is preferably 18% or more, more preferably 19% or more, and preferably 21% or less, more preferably 20.5% or less.
- the carbon content of boron carbide is preferably 18% to 20.5%.
- the reason why the carbon content of boron carbide is set to such a range is that the smaller the carbon content generated during the decarburization crystallization step described later, the more dense massive boron nitride particles are generated, and finally. This is also to reduce the carbon content of the resulting massive boron nitride particles. Further, it is difficult to produce stable boron carbide having a carbon content of less than 18% because the deviation from the theoretical composition becomes too large.
- the method for producing boron carbide as a raw material is that boric acid and acetylene black are mixed and then heated at 1800 to 2400 ° C. for 1 to 10 hours in an atmosphere to obtain a boron carbide mass.
- Boron carbide powder can be prepared by pulverizing this raw mass, sieving it, washing it, removing impurities, drying it, and the like as appropriate.
- the mixture of boric acid, which is a raw material of boron carbide, and acetylene black is preferably 25 to 40 parts by mass of acetylene black with respect to 100 parts by mass of boric acid.
- the atmosphere for producing boron carbide is preferably an inert gas, and examples of the inert gas include argon gas and nitrogen gas, which can be used alone or in combination as appropriate. Of these, argon gas is preferable.
- a general crusher or crusher can be used, for example, crushing is performed for about 0.5 to 3 hours.
- the pulverized boron carbide is preferably sieved to a particle size of 75 ⁇ m or less using a sieve net.
- Pressurized nitriding firing is performed in an atmosphere of a specific firing temperature and pressurizing conditions.
- the firing temperature in the pressure nitriding firing is preferably 1700 ° C. or higher, more preferably 1800 ° C. or higher, and preferably 2400 ° C. or lower, more preferably 2200 ° C. or lower.
- the firing temperature in the pressure nitriding firing is more preferably 1800 to 2200 ° C.
- the pressure in the pressure nitriding firing is preferably 0.6 MPa or more, more preferably 0.7 MPa or more, and preferably 1.0 MPa or less, more preferably 0.9 MPa or less.
- the pressure in the pressure nitriding firing is more preferably 0.7 to 1.0 MPa.
- the firing temperature is preferably 1800 ° C. or higher and the pressure is 0.7 to 1.0 MPa.
- the firing temperature is 1800 ° C. and the pressure is 0.7 MPa or more, the nitriding of boron carbide can be sufficiently advanced.
- a gas in which the nitriding reaction proceeds is required, and examples thereof include nitrogen gas and ammonia gas, which can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, nitrogen gas is suitable for nitriding and in terms of cost. At least 95% (V / V) or more of nitrogen gas, more preferably 99.9% or more in the atmosphere.
- the firing time in the pressure nitriding firing is preferably 6 to 30 hours, more preferably 8 to 20 hours.
- the boron nitride obtained in the pressure nitriding step is fired in (a) an atmosphere above normal pressure, (b) at a specific temperature rise temperature, and (c) in a specific temperature range. The temperature is raised until the temperature is reached, and (d) a heat treatment is performed in which the temperature is maintained at the firing temperature for a certain period of time.
- a heat treatment is performed in which the temperature is maintained at the firing temperature for a certain period of time.
- the specific surface area of the massive boron nitride particles measured by the BET method is 2 to 6 m 2 / g
- the crushing strength is 5 MPa or more
- hexagonal boron nitride in the massive boron nitride particles can be 8 to 15.
- the boron nitride obtained from the prepared boron carbide as described above is decarbonized and aggregated into massive boron nitride particles while forming scales of a predetermined size. To do.
- boron nitride obtained in the pressure nitriding and firing step is mixed with 70 to 120 parts by mass of at least one compound of boron oxide and boric acid.
- a mixture is prepared, the obtained mixture is raised to a temperature at which decarburization can be started, and then the temperature is raised to a firing temperature of 2000 to 2100 ° C. at a heating temperature of 5 ° C./min or less, and at the above firing temperature. Perform a heat treatment that holds for more than 0.5 hours and less than 20 hours.
- agglomerated boron nitride particles in which primary particles (scaly hexagonal boron nitride as primary particles) are aggregated into agglomerates. Then, by performing such a heat treatment, the specific surface area of the massive boron nitride particles measured by the BET method can be set to 2 to 6 m 2 / g, and the crushing strength can be set to 5 MPa or more. Further, by performing such a heat treatment, the ratio of the major axis (major axis / thickness) to the thickness of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles in the massive boron nitride particles can be set to 8 to 15. Further, by performing such a treatment, massive boron nitride particles having improved dielectric breakdown characteristics and thermal conductivity can be obtained.
- a decarburization crystallization step preferably, after raising the temperature to a temperature at which decarburization can be started in an atmosphere of normal pressure or higher, until the firing temperature reaches 1950 to 2100 ° C. at a temperature rise temperature of 5 ° C./min or less. The temperature is raised and the heat treatment is carried out at this firing temperature for more than 0.5 hours and less than 20 hours.
- a decarburization crystallization step more preferably, after raising the temperature to a temperature at which decarburization can be started in an atmosphere of normal pressure or higher, a firing temperature of 2000 to 2080 ° C. at a temperature rise temperature of 5 ° C./min or less. The temperature is raised until the temperature becomes high, and the heat treatment is carried out at this firing temperature for 2 to 8 hours.
- the boron nitride obtained in the pressure nitriding and firing step is mixed with at least one compound of boron oxide and boric acid (and, if necessary, another raw material) to prepare a mixture. After that, it is desirable to decarburize and crystallize the obtained mixture. From the viewpoint that the specific surface area of the massive boron nitride particles measured by the BET method is 2 to 6 m 2 / g and the crushing strength is 5 MPa or more, and the ratio of the major axis to the thickness of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles in the massive boron nitride particles.
- the mixing ratio of boron nitride with at least one compound of boron oxide and boric acid is preferably boron nitride and 100 parts by mass of boron nitride. 65 to 130 parts by mass of at least one compound of boric acid, more preferably 70 to 120 parts by mass of at least one compound of boron oxide and boric acid. In the case of boron oxide, it is a mixing ratio converted to boric acid.
- the pressure condition of "(a) atmosphere above normal pressure” in the decarburization and crystallization step is preferably above normal pressure and more preferably above 0.1 MPa.
- the upper limit of the pressure condition of the atmosphere is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 MPa or less, and more preferably 0.5 MPa.
- the pressure condition of the atmosphere is preferably 0.1 to 0.3 MPa.
- the "atmosphere" in the decarburization and crystallization step is preferably nitrogen gas, preferably 90% (V / V) or more of nitrogen gas in the atmosphere, and more preferably high-purity nitrogen gas (99.9% or more). Is.
- the temperature rise of "(b) specific temperature rise temperature” in the decarburization crystallization step may be one step or multiple steps. It is desirable to select multiple steps to reduce the time it takes to reach a temperature at which decarburization can be initiated.
- As the "first stage temperature rise” in multiple stages it is preferable to raise the temperature to a "temperature at which decarburization can be started".
- the "temperature at which decarburization can be started” is not particularly limited, and may be any temperature that is normally used, for example, about 800 to 1200 ° C. (preferably about 1000 ° C.).
- the "first stage temperature rise” can be performed, for example, in the range of 5 to 20 ° C./min, preferably 8 to 12 ° C./min.
- the "second step of raising the temperature” is “(c) raising the temperature until the firing temperature reaches a specific temperature range” in the decarburization crystallization step.
- the upper limit of the "second stage temperature rise” is preferably 5 ° C./min or less, more preferably 4 ° C./min or less, still more preferably 3 ° C./min or less, still more preferably 2 ° C./min or less. is there. It is preferable that the temperature rise temperature is low because the grain growth tends to be uniform.
- the above-mentioned "second stage temperature rise” is preferably 0.1 ° C./min or more, more preferably 0.5 ° C./min or more, and further preferably 1 ° C./min or more.
- the "second stage temperature rise” is preferably 0.1 to 5 ° C./min. If the rate of temperature rise in the second stage exceeds 5 ° C./min, grain growth may occur non-uniformly, a uniform structure may not be obtained, and the crushing strength of the massive boron nitride particles may decrease.
- the specific temperature range (firing temperature after temperature rise) in the above "(c) temperature rise to a firing temperature in a specific temperature range” is preferably 1950 ° C. or higher, more preferably 1960 ° C. or higher, still more preferably 2000. ° C. or higher, and preferably 2100 ° C. or lower, more preferably 2080 ° C. or lower.
- the fixed time holding (baking time after raising the temperature) of the above “(d) holding at the firing temperature for a certain time” is preferably more than 0.5 hours and less than 20 hours.
- the "baking time” is more preferably 1 hour or longer, further preferably 3 hours or longer, still more preferably 5 hours or longer, particularly preferably 10 hours or longer, and more preferably 18 hours or shorter, still more preferably. 16 hours or less.
- the firing time after the temperature rise exceeds 0.5 hours, grain growth occurs well, and when it is less than 20 hours, it is possible to reduce the grain growth from progressing too much and the particle strength from decreasing, and the firing time. It is possible to reduce industrial disadvantages due to the long length.
- the massive boron nitride particles of the present invention can be obtained through the pressure nitriding firing step and the decarburization crystallization step. Further, in the case of loosening the weak agglomeration between the massive boron nitride particles, it is desirable that the massive boron nitride particles obtained in the decarburization crystallization step are pulverized or crushed and further classified.
- the crushing and crushing are not particularly limited, and a commonly used crusher and crusher may be used, and the classification is performed by general sieving so that the average particle size is 15 to 90 ⁇ m or less.
- the method may be used. For example, a method of crushing with a Henschel mixer or a mortar and then classifying with a vibrating sieve can be mentioned.
- the characteristics of the massive boron nitride particles obtained by the above-mentioned method for producing the massive boron nitride particles are as described in the above-mentioned item of the massive boron nitride particles.
- the massive boron nitride particles of the present invention may be surface-treated with a metal coupling agent.
- a metal coupling agent As a result, massive boron nitride particles having a metal element and an organic functional group on the surface can be obtained. Then, the bond between the massive boron nitride particles and the resin becomes stronger, and the generation of voids in the heat radiating member can be further suppressed.
- the surface treatment with the metal coupling agent may be performed by dry mixing the massive boron nitride particles and the metal coupling agent, or by adding a solvent to the massive boron nitride particles and the metal coupling agent to wet the surface. It may be done by mixing.
- the metal coupling agent used for the surface treatment of the massive boron nitride particles is not particularly limited. .. However, it is preferable to select a coupling agent according to the resin to be used.
- the metal coupling agent used for the surface treatment of the massive boron nitride particles includes a metal alkoxide, a metal chelate, and a metal halide containing Si, Ti, Zr, and Al, and is not particularly limited. , It is preferable to select a coupling agent according to the resin to be used.
- Preferred metal coupling agents include, for example, silane coupling agents, titanium coupling agents, zirconium coupling agents, aluminum coupling agents and the like. These metal coupling agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these metal coupling agents, the silane coupling agent is more preferable. Further, when a linear alkyl group is imparted to the surface of the massive boron nitride particles, those having a linear alkyl group having 5 or more carbon atoms are preferable.
- silane coupling agent examples include vinylsilanes such as vinyltrichlorosilane, vinyltris ( ⁇ -methoxyethoxy) silane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and 7-octenyltrimethoxysilane; ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxy.
- Silane Silane; Epoxy such as ⁇ - (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, 8-glycidoxyoctyltrimethoxysilane Silane; N- ⁇ - (aminoethyl) - ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- ⁇ - (aminoethyl) - ⁇ -aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-phenyl- ⁇ - Aminosilanes such as aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-2- (aminoethyl) -8-aminooctyltrimethoxysilane; and other silane coupling agents include ⁇ -mercaptopropyltrimethoxysi
- silane examples thereof include silane, ⁇ -chloropropylmethyldiethoxysilane, and 8-methacryloxyoctyltrimethoxysilane.
- These silane coupling agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane p-styryltrimethoxysilane (metal alkoxide), 3-isocyanuspropyltriethoxysilane (metal alkoxide), vinyltrimethoxysilane (metal alkoxide), cyclohexylmethyl Dimethoxysilane (metal alkoxide), 7-octenyltrimethoxysilane, 8-glycidoxyoctyltrimethoxysilane, N-2- (aminoethyl) -8-aminooctyltrimethoxysilane, more preferably 7-octylsilane.
- titanium coupling agent examples include isopropyltriisostearoyl titanate, isopropyltridodecylbenzenesulfonyl titanate, isopropyltris (dioctylpyrophosphate) titanate, tetraisopropylbis (dioctylphosphate) titanate, and tetraoctylbis (ditridecylphosphite).
- Titanate tetra (2,2-diallyloxymethyl) bis (ditridecyl) phosphite titanate, bis (dioctylpyrophosphate) oxyacetate titanate, bis (dioctylpyrophosphate) ethylene titanate, isopropyltrioctanoyl titanate, isopropyldimethacrylisostearoyl Titanate, isopropylisostearoyl diacrylic titanate, isopropyltri (dioctyl phosphate) titanate, isopropyltricylphenyl titanate, isopropyltri (N-aminoethyl / aminoethyl) titanate, dicumylphenyloxyacetate titanate, diisostearoyl ethylene titanate, etc.
- titanium coupling agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- isopropyltriisostearoyl titanate metal alkoxide
- tetraisopropylbis dioctylphosphite titanate
- metal chelate tetraoctylbis (ditridecylphosphite) titanate
- zirconium coupling agent examples include tetra-n-propoxyzirconium, tetra-butoxyzirconium, zirconium tetraacetylacetonate, zirconium dibutoxybis (acetylacetonate), zirconium tributoxyethylacetate, and zirconium butoxyacetylacetate bis.
- zirconium coupling agents can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, tetrakis (2,4-pentanionate) zirconium (metal alkoxide) is preferable.
- Examples of the aluminum coupling agent include aluminum isopropylate, monosec-butoxyaluminum diisopropyrate, aluminum sec-butyrate, aluminum ethylate, ethylacetate acetylate aluminum diisopropirate, aluminum tris (ethylacetacetate), and the like.
- Examples thereof include alkyl acetoacetate aluminum diisopropyrate, aluminum monoacetyl acetoacetate bis (ethyl acetoacetate), aluminum tris (acetyl acetoacetate), aluminum bisethyl acetoacetate and mono acetyl acetonate.
- These aluminum coupling agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, aluminum bisethylacetate acetate / monoacetylacetonate (metal chelate compound) is preferable.
- the temperature of the coupling reaction condition in the surface treatment is preferably 10 to 70 ° C, more preferably 20 to 70 ° C.
- the time of the coupling reaction condition in the surface treatment is preferably 0.2 to 5 hours, more preferably 0.5 to 3 hours.
- the heat conductive resin composition of the present invention contains the massive boron nitride particles of the present invention.
- This heat conductive resin composition can be produced by a known production method.
- the obtained heat conductive resin composition can be widely used for thermal grease, heat radiating member and the like.
- Examples of the resin used in the heat conductive resin composition of the present invention include epoxy resin, silicone resin, silicone rubber, acrylic resin, phenol resin, melamine resin, urea resin, unsaturated polyester, fluororesin, and polyamide (for example, polyimide, Polyamideimide, polyetherimide, etc.), polyester (for example, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, etc.), polyphenylene ether, polyphenylene sulfide, total aromatic polyester, polysulfone, liquid crystal polymer, polyether sulfone, polycarbonate, maleimide modified resin, ABS resin.
- polyamide for example, polyimide, Polyamideimide, polyetherimide, etc.
- polyester for example, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, etc.
- polyphenylene ether polyphenylene sulfide, total aromatic polyester, polysulfone, liquid crystal polymer, polyether sulfone, polycarbonate, maleimide modified
- AAS Acrylonitrile-acrylic rubber / styrene
- AES Acrylonitrile / ethylene / propylene / diene rubber-styrene resin and the like
- Epoxy resins preferably naphthalene-type epoxy resins
- the silicone resin is excellent in heat resistance, flexibility and adhesion to a heat sink or the like, it is particularly suitable as a thermal interface material.
- the content of the massive boron nitride particles in 100% by volume of the heat conductive resin composition is preferably 30 to 85% by volume, more preferably 40 to 80% by volume.
- the amount of the massive boron nitride particles is 30% by volume or more, the thermal conductivity is improved and sufficient heat dissipation performance can be easily obtained.
- the amount of the massive boron nitride particles is 85% by volume or less, it is possible to reduce the tendency for voids to occur during molding, and it is possible to reduce the decrease in insulating properties and mechanical strength.
- the heat conductive resin composition may contain components other than the massive boron nitride particles and the resin. Other components are additives, impurities, etc., and may be 5% by volume or less, 3% by volume or less, and 1% by volume or less.
- the heat radiating member of the present invention uses the heat conductive resin composition of the present invention.
- the heat radiating member of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a member used for heat radiating measures.
- the heat radiating member of the present invention includes, for example, a printed wiring board on which heat-generating electronic components such as a power device, a transistor, a thyristor, and a CPU are mounted, and a printed wiring board on which the heat-generating electronic components or the heat-generating electronic components are mounted. Examples thereof include an electrically insulating thermal interface material used for mounting on a circuit board.
- a heat conductive resin composition is molded to prepare a molded product, the produced molded product is naturally dried, the naturally dried molded product is pressurized, and the pressurized molded product is heated and dried. It can be produced by processing a dried molded product.
- Various measurement methods are as follows. (1) Specific Surface Area The specific surface area of the massive boron nitride particles was measured by the BET 1-point method using a specific surface area measuring device (Cantersorb, manufactured by Yuasa Ionics Co., Ltd.). In the measurement, 1 g of the sample was dried and degassed at 300 ° C. for 15 minutes before being subjected to the measurement.
- a specific surface area measuring device Cantersorb, manufactured by Yuasa Ionics Co., Ltd.
- Crush strength Measurement was carried out according to JIS R1639-5.
- a microcompression tester (“MCT-W500” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) was used.
- the measurement was performed with 20 or more particles using the formula ( ⁇ ⁇ d 2 ), and the value at the cumulative destruction rate of 63.2% was calculated.
- Average Particle Diameter A laser diffraction / scattering method particle size distribution measuring device (LS-13 320) manufactured by Beckman Coulter was used for measuring the average particle diameter. The obtained average particle size was measured without applying a homogenizer before the measurement process and used as the average particle size value. Moreover, the obtained average particle diameter is the average particle diameter by the volume statistical value.
- Carbon content measurement The carbon content was measured with a carbon / sulfur simultaneous analyzer "CS-444LS type" (manufactured by LECO).
- the dielectric breakdown strength of the heat radiating member was measured in accordance with JIS C 2110. Specifically, a sheet-shaped heat radiating member is processed to a size of 10 cm ⁇ 10 cm, a circular copper layer of ⁇ 25 mm is formed on one surface of the processed heat radiating member, and a copper layer is formed on the entire surface of the other surface. It was formed to prepare a test sample. Electrodes were arranged so as to sandwich the test sample, and an AC voltage was applied to the test sample in an electrically insulating oil (manufactured by 3M Japan Ltd., product name: FC-3283).
- the voltage applied to the test sample was increased from 0 V at a rate (500 V / s) at which dielectric breakdown occurred on average 10 to 20 seconds after the start of voltage application.
- the voltage V 15 (kV) when dielectric breakdown occurred 15 times per test sample was measured.
- the voltage V 15 (kV) was divided by the thickness (mm) of the test sample to calculate the dielectric breakdown strength (kV / mm).
- the dielectric breakdown strength is better at 41 (kV / mm) or higher, better at 45 (kV / mm) or higher, and even better at 50 (kV / mm) or higher.
- the thermal conductivity of the heat radiating member was measured according to ASTM D5470.
- the heat radiating member was sandwiched up and down with a load of 100 N using two copper jigs.
- Grease manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name "G-747" was applied between the heat radiating member and the copper jig.
- the upper copper jig and heated by a heater was measured upper copper jig temperature (T U) and a lower copper jig temperature (T B).
- the thermal conductivity (H) was calculated from the following formula (1).
- t the thickness of the heat radiating member (m)
- Q the heat flow rate (W) calculated from the electric power of the heater
- S the area of the heat radiating member (m 2 ).
- the thermal conductivity of the three samples was measured, and the average value of the thermal conductivity of the three samples was taken as the thermal conductivity of the heat dissipation member. Then, the thermal conductivity of the heat radiating member was divided by the thermal conductivity of the heat radiating member of Comparative Example 1 to calculate the relative value of the thermal conductivity.
- the heat radiating member was cross-sectioned with a diamond cutter, processed by a CP (cross section polisher) method, fixed to a sample table, and then osmium coated. Then, the cross section of the heat radiating member was observed in 10 fields at a magnification of 500 times using a scanning electron microscope (for example, "JSM-6010LA” (manufactured by JEOL Ltd.)), and voids in the heat radiating member were examined. 10 visual fields were confirmed at a magnification of 500 times near the sheet surface, and if 5 or more voids with an average length of 5 ⁇ m or more were not observed per visual field, it was evaluated as “none”, and if it was observed, it was evaluated as “yes”.
- a scanning electron microscope for example, "JSM-6010LA” (manufactured by JEOL Ltd.)
- FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional observation photograph of the heat-dissipating member of Example 1 with an electron microscope
- FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional observation photograph of the heat-dissipating member of Comparative Example 1 with an electron microscope.
- Example 1 massive boron nitride particles were synthesized and filled in a resin in a boron carbide synthesis, a pressure nitriding step, and a decarburization crystallization step as described below.
- Boric acid orthoboric acid
- HS100 acetylene black
- the synthesized boron carbide mass is pulverized with a ball mill for 1 hour, sieved to a particle size of 75 ⁇ m or less using a sieve net, further washed with an aqueous nitrate solution to remove impurities such as iron, and then filtered and dried to have an average particle size of 20 ⁇ m.
- Boron carbide powder was prepared. The carbon content of the obtained boron carbide powder was 20.0%.
- Boron nitride (B 4 ) is obtained by filling the synthesized boron carbide crucible with a boron nitride crucible and then heating it in a nitrogen gas atmosphere at 2000 ° C. and 9 atm (0.8 MPa) for 10 hours using a resistance heating furnace. CN 4 ) was obtained.
- the synthesized massive boron nitride particles were decomposed and crushed by 10 with a Henschel mixer, and then classified with a nylon sieve having a mesh size of 75 ⁇ m using a sieve net. By crushing and classifying the fired product, massive boron nitride particles in which the primary particles were aggregated and agglomerated were obtained.
- the specific surface area of the obtained massive boron nitride particles measured by the BET method was 4 m 2 / g, and the crushing strength was 9 MPa.
- the ratio (major axis / thickness) of the major axis to the thickness of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles in the obtained massive boron nitride particles was 11. Further, the average particle size of the obtained massive boron nitride particles was 35 ⁇ m, and the carbon content was 0.06%.
- the laminated body is heated and pressed for 45 minutes under the conditions of a temperature of 150 ° C. and a pressure of 150 kgf / cm 2 , and heat is dissipated in the form of a sheet having a thickness of 0.3 mm. A member was produced. Next, it was subjected to secondary heating at normal pressure at 150 ° C. for 4 hours to prepare a heat radiating member of Example 1.
- Example 2 massive boron nitride particles were synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of boric acid mixed with 100 parts by mass of boron nitride in the decarburization crystallization step was changed from 90 parts by mass to 110 parts by mass. A heat radiating member was produced.
- Example 3 massive boron nitride particles were synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of boric acid mixed with 100 parts by mass of boron nitride in the decarburization crystallization step was changed from 90 parts by mass to 75 parts by mass. A heat radiating member was produced.
- Example 4 massive boron nitride particles were synthesized and dissipated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the rate of temperature rise from 1000 ° C. in the decarburization crystallization step was changed from 2 ° C./min to 0.4 ° C./min. A member was produced.
- Example 5 massive boron nitride particles were synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the rate of temperature rise from 1000 ° C. in the decarburization crystallization step was changed from 2 ° C./min to 4 ° C./min, and a heat radiating member was formed. Made.
- Example 6 the average particle size of the boron carbide powder was changed by changing the ball mill crushing time of the boron carbide mass in the boron carbide synthesis step from 1 hour to 2.5 hours and the sieving from 75 ⁇ m or less to 33 ⁇ m or less.
- Massive boron nitride particles were synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness was changed from 20 ⁇ m to 7 ⁇ m to prepare a heat radiating member.
- Example 7 the average particle size of the boron carbide powder was 20 ⁇ m by changing the ball mill crushing time of the boron carbide mass in the boron carbide synthesis step from 1 hour to 20 minutes and changing the sieving from 75 ⁇ m or less to 150 ⁇ m or less.
- massive boron nitride particles were synthesized except that the thickness was changed from 48 ⁇ m to 48 ⁇ m to prepare a heat radiating member.
- Comparative Example 1 In Comparative Example 1, the amount of boric acid mixed with 100 parts by mass of boron nitride in the decarburization crystallization step was changed from 90 parts by mass to 50 parts by mass, and the firing temperature in the decarburization crystallization step was changed from 2020 ° C. to 1950 ° C. Massive boron nitride particles were synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the modification to prepare a heat radiating member.
- Comparative Example 2 In Comparative Example 2, the amount of boric acid mixed with 100 parts by mass of boron nitride in the decarburization crystallization step was changed from 90 parts by mass to 150 parts by mass, and 1 part by mass of sodium carbonate was added to 100 parts by mass of boron nitride. Massive boron nitride particles were synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the firing temperature in the decarburization and crystallization step was changed from 2020 ° C. to 1950 ° C. by partially adding and mixing to prepare a heat radiating member.
- Comparative Example 3 In Comparative Example 3, the amount of boric acid mixed with 100 parts by mass of boron nitride in the decarburization crystallization step was changed from 90 parts by mass to 50 parts by mass, and 3 parts by mass of calcium carbonate was added to 100 parts by mass of boron nitride. Massive boron nitride particles were synthesized in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the firing temperature in the decarburization and crystallization step was changed from 2020 ° C. to 1950 ° C. to prepare a heat radiating member.
- Tables 1 to 3 show the evaluation results of the massive boron nitride particles produced in Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the primary particles thereof, and the heat radiating member.
- the generation of voids in the heat radiating member is suppressed by using the massive boron nitride particles having a specific surface area of 2 to 6 m 2 / g and a crushing strength of 5 MPa or more measured by the BET method as the heat radiating member.
- the dielectric breakdown characteristics and thermal conductivity of the heat radiating member can be improved.
- the massive boron nitride particles having a major axis ratio (major axis / thickness) of 8 to 15 to the thickness of the hexagonal boron nitride primary particles as the heat radiating member, the dielectric breakdown characteristics of the radiating member can be further improved. all right.
- the dielectric breakdown characteristics of the heat radiating member can be further improved by using the massive boron nitride particles having an average particle diameter of 15 to 90 ⁇ m as the heat radiating member.
- the present invention particularly preferably comprises massive boron nitride particles having excellent thermal conductivity, which are filled in the resin composition of the insulating layer of the printed wiring board and the thermal interface material, a method for producing the same, and a heat conductive resin composition using the same. It is a thing.
- the present invention is suitably used as a raw material for a heat radiating member of a heat-generating electronic component such as a power device.
- the heat conductive resin composition of the present invention can be widely used for heat radiating members and the like.
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Abstract
Description
そのため、例えば、熱インターフェース材の製造時に、六方晶窒化ホウ素粒子の面内方向(a軸方向)と熱インターフェース材の厚み方向が垂直になり、六方晶窒化ホウ素粒子の面内方向(a軸方向)の高熱伝導率を十分に活かすことができなかった。
しかし、(1)配向したシートを次工程にて積層する必要があり製造工程が煩雑になり易い、(2)積層・硬化後にシート状に薄く切断する必要があり、シートの厚みの寸法精度を確保することが困難という課題があった。また、六方晶窒化ホウ素粒子の形状が鱗片形状であるため、樹脂への充填時に粘度が増加し、流動性が悪くなるため、高充填が困難であった。
これらを改善するため、六方晶窒化ホウ素粒子の熱伝導率の異方性を抑制した種々の形状の窒化ホウ素粉末が提案されている。
その他凝集窒化ホウ素を製造する方法として、スプレードライ法で作製した球状窒化ホウ素(特許文献3)や炭化ホウ素を原料として製造した凝集体の窒化ホウ素(特許文献4)やプレスと破砕を繰り返し製造した凝集窒化ホウ素(特許文献5)が知られている。
本発明は、上記の知見に基づくものであり、以下を要旨とする。
[1]六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子が凝集してなる塊状窒化ホウ素粒子であって、BET法により測定した比表面積が2~6m2/gであり、圧壊強度が5MPa以上である塊状窒化ホウ素粒子。
[2]六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の厚さに対する長径の比(長径/厚さ)が8~15である上記[1]に記載の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子。
[3]平均粒子径が15~90μmである上記[1]又は[2]に記載の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子。
[4]上記[1]~[3]のいずれか1つに記載の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を含む熱伝導樹脂組成物。
[5]上記[4]に記載の熱伝導樹脂組成物を用いた放熱部材。
本発明は、六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子が凝集してなる塊状窒化ホウ素粒子であって、BET法により測定した比表面積が2~6m2/gであり、圧壊強度が5MPa以上である。このような塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を用いることにより、放熱部材のボイドの発生を抑制できるとともに、放熱部材の絶縁破壊特性及び熱伝導性を改善できる。
本発明の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子のBET法により測定した比表面積は2~6m2/gである。塊状窒化ホウ素粒子のBET法により測定した比表面積が2m2/gよりも低いと、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子及び樹脂の間の接触面積が小さくなり、放熱部材にボイドが発生しやすくなる。また、高熱伝導性を発現させる凝集形態の維持が難しくなり、絶縁破壊特性及び放熱部材の熱伝導性が悪くなる。一方、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子のBET法により測定した比表面積が6m2/gよりも大きいと、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を高充填で樹脂に加えることができなくなり、放熱部材にボイドが発生しやすくなるとともに、絶縁破壊特性も悪くなる。上記観点から、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子のBET法により測定した比表面積は、好ましくは2.0~5.5m2/gであり、より好ましくは2.5~5.0m2/gである。なお、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子のBET法により測定した比表面積は、後述の各種測定方法の項目に記載の方法で測定することができる。
本発明の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の圧壊強度は5MPa以上である。塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の圧壊強度が5MPa未満であると、樹脂との混練時やプレス時などに応力で塊状窒化ホウ素粒子が崩れてしまい、熱伝導率が低下する恐れがある。上記観点から、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の圧壊強度は、好ましくは6MPa以上であり、より好ましくは7MPa以上であり、さらに好ましくは8MPa以上である。なお、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の圧壊強度の上限値は、特に限定されないが、例えば30MPaである。また、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の圧壊強度は後述の各種測定方法の項目に記載の方法で測定することができる。
本発明の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の平均粒子径は、好ましくは15~90μmである。塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の平均粒子径が15μm以上であると、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を構成する六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の長径を大きくすることができ、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の熱伝導率を高くすることができる。また、放熱部材の絶縁破壊特性も向上する。一方、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の平均粒子径が90μm以下であると、放熱部材を薄くすることができる。なお、熱の流量は熱伝導率と放熱部材の厚さに比例するので、薄い放熱部材が求められている。さらに、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の平均粒子径が90μm以下であると、放熱させるべき対象物の表面に放熱部材を十分に密着させることができる。また、この場合も、放熱部材の絶縁破壊特性も向上する。上述の観点から、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の平均粒子径は、より好ましくは20~70μmであり、さらに好ましくは25~50μmであり、とくに好ましくは25~45μmである。なお、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の平均粒子径は、後述の各種測定方法の項目に記載の方法で測定することができる。
本発明の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子における六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の厚さに対する長径の比(長径/厚さ)は、好ましくは8~15である。六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の厚さに対する長径の比(長径/厚さ)が8~15であると、放熱部材の絶縁破壊特性がさらに向上する。上述の観点から、六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の厚さに対する長径の比(長径/厚さ)は、より好ましくは8~14であり、さらに好ましくは8~13である。なお、六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の厚さに対する長径の比(長径/厚さ)は、六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の長径の平均値を厚さの平均値で割り算した値である。また、六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の長径の平均値及び厚さの平均値は、後述の各種測定方法の項目に記載の方法で測定することができる。
本発明の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子における六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の長径の平均値は、好ましくは2~12μmである。六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の長径の平均値が2μm以上であると、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の熱伝導性が良好になる。また、六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の長径の平均値が2μm以上であると、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子に樹脂が浸透しやすくなり、放熱部材のボイドの発生を抑制できる。一方、六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の長径の平均値が12μm以下であると、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の内部が密な構造となり、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の圧壊強度を高めたり、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の熱伝導性を改善したりすることができる。上述の観点から、六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の長径の平均値は、より好ましくは3~11μmであり、さらに好ましくは3~10μmである。
本発明の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子は、絶縁破壊特性及び熱伝導性の改善に寄与する。寄与の程度は、実施例1に記載の方法で測定した絶縁破壊強さが41(kV/mm)以上である。また、本発明によれば45(kV/mm)以上、50(kV/mm)以上にすることも十分に可能である。
本発明の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子は、加圧窒化焼成工程及び脱炭結晶化工程を含む塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の製造方法により製造することができる。以下、各工程を詳細に説明する。
加圧窒化焼成工程では、平均粒子径が6μm以上55μm以下で炭素量18%以上21%以下の炭化ホウ素を加圧窒化焼成する。これにより、本発明の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の原料として好適な炭窒化ホウ素を得ることができる。
加圧窒化工程で使用する原料の炭化ホウ素の粒径が最終的にできる塊状窒化ホウ素粒子に強く影響するため、適切な粒径のものを選択する必要があり、平均粒子径6~55μmの炭化ホウ素を原料として使用することが望ましい。その際、不純物のホウ酸や遊離炭素が少ないことが望ましい。
加圧窒化焼成は、特定の焼成温度及び加圧条件の雰囲気にて行う。
加圧窒化焼成における焼成温度は、好ましくは1700℃以上であり、より好ましくは1800℃以上であり、そして、好ましくは2400℃以下であり、より好ましくは2200℃以下である。また、加圧窒化焼成における焼成温度は、より好ましくは、1800~2200℃である。
脱炭結晶化工程では、加圧窒化工程にて得られた炭窒化ホウ素を、(a)常圧以上の雰囲気にて、(b)特定の昇温温度で(c)特定の温度範囲の焼成温度になるまで昇温を行い、(d)焼成温度で一定時間保持する熱処理を行う。これにより、一次粒子(一次粒子が鱗片状の六方晶窒化ホウ素)が凝集して塊状になった塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を得ることができる。とくに上記熱処理の条件を後述する範囲にすれば、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子のBET法により測定した比表面積を2~6m2/gとし、圧壊強度を5MPa以上とし、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子中の六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の厚さに対する長径の比(長径/厚さ)を8~15とすることができる。
この脱炭結晶化工程において、上述の如き、調製された炭化ホウ素から得られた炭窒化ホウ素を、脱炭化させるとともに、所定の大きさの鱗片状にさせつつ、凝集させて塊状窒化ホウ素粒子とする。
上記「第2段階の昇温」の上限値は、好ましくは5℃/min以下、より好ましくは4℃/min以下、さらに好ましくは3℃/min以下、よりさらに好ましくは2℃/min以下である。昇温温度が低い方が、粒成長が均一になりやすいので好ましい。
本発明の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子は、金属カップリング剤によって表面処理されてもよい。これにより、表面に金属元素及び有機官能基が存在する塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を得ることができる。そして、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子及び樹脂の間の接合がより強くなり、放熱部材のボイドの発生をより抑制することができる。なお、金属カップリング剤による表面処理は、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子及び金属カップリング剤を乾式混合することによって行ってもよいし、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子及び金属カップリング剤に対して溶媒を加えて、湿式混合することによって行ってもよい。
このうち、好ましくは、3-グリシジロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、p-スチリルトリメトキシシラン(金属アルコキシド)、3-イソシアネートプロピルトリエトキシシラン(金属アルコキシド)、ビニルトリメトキシシラン(金属アルコキシド)、シクロヘキシルメチルジメトキシシラン(金属アルコキシド)、7-オクテニルトリメトキシシラン、8-グリシドキシオクチルトリメトキシシラン、N-2-(アミノエチル)-8-アミノオクチルトリメトキシシランであり、より好ましくは7-オクテニルトリメトキシシラン、8-グリシドキシオクチルトリメトキシシラン、N-2-(アミノエチル)-8-アミノオクチルトリメトキシシランである。
このうち、好ましくは、イソプロピルトリイソステアロイルチタネート(金属アルコキシド)、テトライソプロピルビス(ジオクチルホスファイト)チタネート(金属キレート)、テトラオクチルビス(ジトリデシルホスファイト)チタネート(金属キレート)である。
このうち、好ましくは、テトラキス(2,4-ペンタンジオネート)ジルコニウム(金属アルコキシド)である。
このうち、好ましくは、アルミニウムビスエチルアセトアセテート・モノアセチルアセトネート(金属キレート化合物)である。
本発明の熱伝導樹脂組成物は、本発明の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を含む。この熱伝導樹脂組成物は、公知の製造方法で製造することができる。得られた熱伝導樹脂組成物は、サーマルグリース、放熱部材等に幅広く使用することができる。
本発明の熱伝導樹脂組成物に使用する樹脂としては、例えばエポキシ樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、シリコーンゴム、アクリル樹脂、フェノール樹脂、メラミン樹脂、ユリア樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル、フッ素樹脂、ポリアミド(例えば、ポリイミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリエーテルイミド等)、ポリエステル(例えば、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート等)、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、全芳香族ポリエステル、ポリスルホン、液晶ポリマー、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリカーボネート、マレイミド変性樹脂、ABS樹脂、AAS(アクリロニトリル-アクリルゴム・スチレン)樹脂、AES(アクリロニトリル・エチレン・プロピレン・ジエンゴム-スチレン)樹脂等を用いることができる。エポキシ樹脂(好適にはナフタレン型エポキシ樹脂)は、耐熱性と銅箔回路への接着強度が優れていることから、とくにプリント配線板の絶縁層として好適である。また、シリコーン樹脂は耐熱性、柔軟性及びヒートシンク等への密着性が優れていることから、とくに熱インターフェース材として好適である。
なお、熱伝導樹脂組成物には、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子、樹脂以外の成分が含まれてもよい。その他の成分は添加剤、不純物等であり、5体積%以下、3体積%以下、1体積%以下であってよい。
本発明の放熱部材は、本発明の熱伝導樹脂組成物を用いたものである。本発明の放熱部材は、放熱対策に用いる部材であれば、とくに限定されない。本発明の放熱部材には、例えば、パワーデバイス、トランジスタ、サイリスタ、CPU等の発熱性電子部品を実装するプリント配線板、上記発熱性電子部品又は上記発熱性電子部品を実装したプリント配線板をヒートシンクに取り付ける際に用いる電気絶縁性の熱インターフェース材等が挙げられる。放熱部材は、例えば、熱伝導樹脂組成物を成形して成形体を作製し、作製した成形体を自然乾燥し、自然乾燥した成形体を加圧し、加圧した成形体を加熱乾燥し、加熱乾燥した成形体を加工することにより製造することができる。
各種測定方法は、以下の通りである。
(1)比表面積
塊状窒化ホウ素粒子の比表面積は、比表面積測定装置(カンターソーブ、ユアサアイオニクス社製)を用いて、BET1点法により測定した。なお測定に際しては、試料1gを300℃、15分間乾燥脱気してから測定に供した。
JIS R1639-5に準じて測定を実施した。測定装置としては、微小圧縮試験器(「MCT-W500」島津製作所社製)を用いた。粒子強度(σ:MPa)は、粒子内の位置によって変化する無次元数(α=2.48)と圧壊試験力(P:N)と粒子径(d:μm)からσ=α×P/(π×d2)の式を用いて20粒子以上で測定を行い、累積破壊率63.2%時点の値を算出した。
作製した塊状窒化ホウ素粒子に対し、表面状態で長径および短径が確認できる粒子の観察を行い、走査型電子顕微鏡(例えば「JSM-6010LA」(日本電子社製))を用いて観察倍率1000~5000倍で観察した。得られた粒子像を画像解析ソフトウェア、例えば「Mac-view」に取り込み粒子の長径及び厚さを計測し、任意の粒子100個の長径及び厚さを求めその平均値を長径の平均値及び厚さの平均値とした。
平均粒子径の測定にはベックマンコールター製レーザー回折散乱法粒度分布測定装置、(LS-13 320)を用いた。得られた平均粒子径は測定処理の前にホモジナイザーをかけずに測定したものを平均粒子径値として採用した。また、得られた平均粒子径は体積統計値による平均粒子径である。
炭素量は炭素/硫黄同時分析計「CS-444LS型」(LECO社製)にて測定した。
(絶縁破壊強さ)
放熱部材の絶縁破壊強さは、JIS C 2110に準拠して測定した。
具体的には、シート状の放熱部材を10cm×10cmの大きさに加工し、加工した放熱部材の一方の面にφ25mmの円形の銅層を形成し、他方の面は面全体に銅層を形成して試験サンプルを作製した。
試験サンプルを挟み込むように電極を配置し、電気絶縁油(スリーエム ジャパン株式会社製、製品名:FC-3283)中で、試験サンプルに交流電圧を印加した。電圧の印加開始から平均10~20秒後に絶縁破壊が起こるような速度(500V/s)で、試験サンプルに印加する電圧を0Vから上昇させた。一つの試験サンプルにつき15回絶縁破壊が起きたときの電圧V15(kV)を測定した。そして、電圧V15(kV)を試験サンプルの厚さ(mm)で割り算して絶縁破壊強さ(kV/mm)を算出した。なお、絶縁破壊強さは41(kV/mm)以上が良好、45(kV/mm)以上がより良好、50(kV/mm)以上がさらに良好である。
放熱部材の熱伝導率をASTM D5470に準拠して測定した。
2つの銅治具を用いて100Nの荷重で放熱部材を上下に挟んだ。なお、放熱部材と銅治具との間に、グリース(信越化学工業株式会社製、商品名「G-747」)を塗布した。上側の銅治具をヒーターで加熱し、上側の銅治具の温度(TU)及び下側の銅治具の温度(TB)を測定した。そして、以下の式(1)から熱伝導率(H)を算出した。
H=t/((TU-TB)/Q×S) (1)
なお、式中、tは放熱部材の厚さ(m)、Qはヒーターの電力より算出した熱流量(W)、Sは放熱部材の面積(m2)である。
3つのサンプルの熱伝導率を測定し、3つのサンプルの熱伝導率の平均値を放熱部材の熱伝導率とした。そして、放熱部材の熱伝導率を比較例1の放熱部材の熱伝導率で割り算して、熱伝導率相対値を算出した。
放熱部材をダイヤモンドカッターで断面加工後、CP(クロスセクションポリッシャー)法により加工し、試料台に固定した後にオスミウムコーティングを行った。そして、放熱部材の断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(例えば「JSM-6010LA」(日本電子社製))を用いて500倍の倍率で10視野観察し、放熱部材におけるボイドを調べた。シート表面近傍の500倍の倍率で10視野確認し、1視野当たりの平均で長さ5μm以上のボイドが5個以上観察されなかった場合は「無」と評価し、観察された場合は「有」と評価した。なお、断面観察写真の一例として、実施例1の放熱部材の電子顕微鏡による断面観察写真を図1に、比較例1の放熱部材の電子顕微鏡による断面観察写真を図2にそれぞれ示す。
実施例1は、以下のように、炭化ホウ素合成、加圧窒化工程、脱炭結晶化工程にて、塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を合成し、樹脂に充填した。
新日本電工株式会社製オルトホウ酸(以下ホウ酸)100質量部と、デンカ株式会社製アセチレンブラック(HS100)35質量部とをヘンシェルミキサーを用いて混合したのち、黒鉛ルツボ中に充填し、アーク炉にて、アルゴン雰囲気で、2200℃にて5時間加熱し炭化ホウ素(B4C)を合成した。合成した炭化ホウ素塊をボールミルで1時間粉砕し、篩網を用いて粒径75μm以下に篩分け、更に硝酸水溶液で洗浄して鉄分等不純物を除去後、濾過・乾燥して平均粒子径20μmの炭化ホウ素粉末を作製した。得られた炭化ホウ素粉末の炭素量は20.0%であった。
合成した炭化ホウ素を窒化ホウ素ルツボに充填した後、抵抗加熱炉を用い、窒素ガスの雰囲気で、2000℃、9気圧(0.8MPa)の条件で10時間加熱することにより炭窒化ホウ素(B4CN4)を得た。
合成した炭窒化ホウ素100質量部と、ホウ酸90質量部とをヘンシェルミキサーを用いて混合したのち、窒化ホウ素ルツボに充填し、抵抗加熱炉を用い0.2MPaの圧力条件で、窒素ガスの雰囲気で、室温から1000℃までの昇温速度を10℃/min、1000℃からの昇温速度を2℃/minで昇温し、焼成温度2020℃、保持時間10時間で加熱することにより、一次粒子が凝集して塊状になった塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を合成した。合成した塊状窒化ホウ素粒子をヘンシェルミキサーにより10分解砕をおこなった後、篩網を用いて、篩目75μmのナイロン篩にて分級を行った。焼成物を解砕及び分級することより、一次粒子が凝集して塊状になった塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を得た。
得られた表面処理塊状窒化ホウ素粒子及びシリコーン樹脂の合計100体積%に対して50体積%の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子及び50体積%のシリコーン樹脂(東レ・ダウコーニング・シリコーン社製、商品名「CF-3110」)、シリコーン樹脂100質量部に対して1質量部の架橋剤(化薬アクゾ株式会社製、商品名「カヤヘキサAD」)、並びに固形分濃度が60wt%となるように秤量した粘度調整剤としてのトルエンを攪拌機(HEIDON社製、商品名「スリーワンモーター」)に投入し、タービン型撹拌翼を用いて15時間混合して熱伝導樹脂組成物を作製した。
そして、コンマコーターを使用して、ガラスクロス(ユニチカ株式会社製、商品名「H25」)の一方の面の上に0.2mmの厚さで、作製した熱伝導樹脂組成物を塗工し、75℃で5分乾燥させた。その後、コンマコーターを使用して、ガラスクロスの他方の面の上に0.2mmの厚さで熱伝導樹脂組成物を塗工し、75℃で5分乾燥させ、積層体を作製した。
平板プレス機(株式会社柳瀬製作所製)を用いて、積層体に対して、温度150℃、圧力150kgf/cm2の条件で45分間の加熱プレスを行い、厚さ0.3mmのシート状の放熱部材を作製した。次いでそれを常圧、150℃で4時間の二次加熱を行い、実施例1の放熱部材を作製した。
実施例2では、脱炭結晶化工程の炭窒化ホウ素100質量部と混合するホウ酸量を90質量部から110質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を合成し、放熱部材を作製した。
実施例3では、脱炭結晶化工程の炭窒化ホウ素100質量部と混合するホウ酸量を90質量部から75質量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を合成し、放熱部材を作製した。
実施例4では、脱炭結晶化工程の1000℃からの昇温速度を2℃/minから0.4℃/minに変更した以外は実施例1と同様に塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を合成し、放熱部材を作製した。
実施例5では、脱炭結晶化工程の1000℃からの昇温速度を2℃/minから4℃/minに変更した以外は実施例1と同様に塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を合成し、放熱部材を作製した。
実施例6では、炭化ホウ素合成工程における炭化ホウ素塊のボールミル粉砕時間を1時間から2時間半に変更し、篩分けを75μm以下から33μm以下に変更することによって、炭化ホウ素粉末の平均粒子径を20μmから7μmに変更した以外は実施例1と同様に塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を合成し、放熱部材を作製した。
実施例7では、炭化ホウ素合成工程における炭化ホウ素塊のボールミル粉砕時間を1時間から20分に変更し、篩分けを75μm以下から150μm以下に変更することによって、炭化ホウ素粉末の平均粒子径を20μmから48μmに変更した以外は実施例1と同様に塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を合成し、放熱部材を作製した。
比較例1では、脱炭結晶化工程の炭窒化ホウ素100質量部と混合するホウ酸量を90質量部から50質量部に変更し、脱炭結晶化工程の焼成温度を2020℃から1950℃に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を合成し、放熱部材を作製した。
比較例2では、脱炭結晶化工程の炭窒化ホウ素100質量部と混合するホウ酸量を90質量部から150質量部に変更し、さらに炭窒化ホウ素100質量部に対して炭酸ナトリウムを1質量部添加し混合し、脱炭結晶化工程の焼成温度を2020℃から1950℃に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を合成し、放熱部材を作製した。
比較例3では、脱炭結晶化工程の炭窒化ホウ素100質量部と混合するホウ酸量を90質量部から50質量部に変更し、さらに炭窒化ホウ素100質量部に対して炭酸カルシウムを3質量部添加し混合し、脱炭結晶化工程の焼成温度を2020℃から1950℃に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を合成し、放熱部材を作製した。
さらに、六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の厚さに対する長径の比(長径/厚さ)が8~15である塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を放熱部材に用いることにより、放熱部材の絶縁破壊特性をさらに改善できることがわかった。
また、さらに、平均粒子径が15~90μmである塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を放熱部材に用いることにより、放熱部材の絶縁破壊特性をさらに改善できることがわかった。
本発明は、詳しくは、パワーデバイスなどの発熱性電子部品の放熱部材の原料として好適に用いられる。
本発明の熱伝導樹脂組成物は、放熱部材などに幅広く使用することができる。
Claims (5)
- 六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子が凝集してなる塊状窒化ホウ素粒子であって、
BET法により測定した比表面積が2~6m2/gであり、
圧壊強度が5MPa以上である塊状窒化ホウ素粒子。 - 前記六方晶窒化ホウ素一次粒子の厚さに対する長径の比(長径/厚さ)が8~15である請求項1に記載の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子。
- 平均粒子径が15~90μmである請求項1又は2に記載の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の塊状窒化ホウ素粒子を含む熱伝導樹脂組成物。
- 請求項4に記載の熱伝導樹脂組成物を用いた放熱部材。
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| CN113631506A (zh) | 2021-11-09 |
| JPWO2020196643A1 (ja) | 2020-10-01 |
| US20220154059A1 (en) | 2022-05-19 |
| JP7145315B2 (ja) | 2022-09-30 |
| TW202102432A (zh) | 2021-01-16 |
| KR20210142639A (ko) | 2021-11-25 |
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