WO2020186555A1 - 一种内窥镜 - Google Patents

一种内窥镜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020186555A1
WO2020186555A1 PCT/CN2019/080956 CN2019080956W WO2020186555A1 WO 2020186555 A1 WO2020186555 A1 WO 2020186555A1 CN 2019080956 W CN2019080956 W CN 2019080956W WO 2020186555 A1 WO2020186555 A1 WO 2020186555A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube
bending
slit
endoscope according
width
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/080956
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张一�
Original Assignee
苏州新光维医疗科技有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 苏州新光维医疗科技有限公司 filed Critical 苏州新光维医疗科技有限公司
Priority to JP2021552246A priority Critical patent/JP7343923B2/ja
Priority to CA3131784A priority patent/CA3131784A1/en
Priority to DE112019006811.3T priority patent/DE112019006811T5/de
Priority to US17/310,987 priority patent/US20220079422A1/en
Publication of WO2020186555A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020186555A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
    • A61B1/0051—Flexible endoscopes with controlled bending of insertion part
    • A61B1/0057—Constructional details of force transmission elements, e.g. control wires
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00112—Connection or coupling means
    • A61B1/00114—Electrical cables in or with an endoscope
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
    • A61B1/0051—Flexible endoscopes with controlled bending of insertion part
    • A61B1/0055—Constructional details of insertion parts, e.g. vertebral elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of inner tube structures in medical appliances, and more specifically, it relates to an endoscope.
  • An endoscope is a commonly used medical device, which includes a control end and an insertion assembly.
  • the control end includes a housing and a control mechanism arranged in the housing.
  • the control mechanism controls the insertion assembly to enter the body through the natural orifice of the human body or the orifice formed by surgery. And perform other operations or surgeries.
  • the existing patent publication number CN106455910B discloses a bending tube for an endoscope and an endoscope having the bending tube for an endoscope, which introduces the bending of the slit row in the bending area on the tip side
  • the width of the slit is set to be smaller than the width of the bending slit of the slit row in the bending area on the base end side, and the width between the adjacent bending slits in the slit row in the bending area on the front end side
  • the interval is set to be smaller than the interval between the adjacent bending slits in the slit row of the bending region on the proximal side.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an endoscope, which has better control of the curvature of the curved tube and can also achieve greater curvature, and also reduces the stress on the head of the curved tube. Concentration of the tube to avoid damage to the tube body.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • An endoscope comprising a hand-held part and an insertion part, the insertion part comprising a head end of the insertion part, a curved tube and a stepped braided tube connected in sequence, the stepped braided tube is connected to the hand-held part, and the tube wall of the curved tube There are a number of slits on the curved tube, and the width of the slit on the curved tube gradually decreases from the end close to the stepped braided tube to the end close to the head end of the insertion part.
  • At least one of the slits on the bending tube close to the head end of the insertion part The width of the slit is larger than the width of the slit adjacent to it and closer to the side of the step braided tube.
  • the maximum width of the two ends of the slit is larger than the width of the middle part of the slit, and the width value of the slit gradually decreases from the maximum value to the smooth transition of the middle part and the two ends respectively.
  • the edge contour of the end of the slit is an arc tangent to the edge contour of the middle part of the slit.
  • a plurality of buckles and grooves are provided along the pipe wall on the curved tube, and the buckles and the grooves cooperate through their own elastic deformations, and can be firmly embedded in the grooves.
  • the orthographic projection of the card slot is a rectangle with rounded corners. This shape arrangement can reduce stress concentration.
  • an inner hole is provided in the middle of the buckle, and the inner hole can be penetrated by the pulling wire.
  • the end of the traction wire close to the head end of the insertion part is connected with a fixed head, which can abut the buckle located at the end of the bending tube under the pulling force of the traction wire, and the other end of the traction wire passes through the step braided tube and Connected to the wheel in the handle.
  • the bending tube can be bent by pulling the traction wires.
  • the curved tube is covered with an elastic tube.
  • the elastic tube is preferably a silicone rubber tube or a nylon elastic tube.
  • the joints between the head end of the insertion part and the curved tube and the joints between the curved tube and the step braided tube are all received by a metal tube, and the metal tube is also covered with a protective sleeve.
  • the protective sleeve is preferably a heat-shrinkable tube, which is used to ensure the smoothness of the splicing part and strengthen the sealing of the entire tube body.
  • a working channel, a power supply wire and a signal wire are also arranged inside the tube body of the insertion part.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the bending degree of the bending tube can be better controlled by arranging a number of larger slits at the front end of the bending tube, and the bending range of the tip end of the insertion part can reach ⁇ 290°.
  • the special shape and structure of the slit make the stress concentrate on one surface during the bending process instead of the conventional concentration on one contact point, so that the stress is dispersed during the bending and twisting process, and the tube body is not easily damaged. , Extend the service life.
  • the traction wire is fixed more firmly by the buckle, can effectively control the bending of the curved pipe, is convenient to assemble without glue, and can better save costs on the basis of ensuring performance.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the endoscope
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insertion part of the endoscope
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the straightened state and the bent state of the curved tube
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the A-A section in Figure 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the B-B section in Fig. 3;
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged view of part C in Figure 3;
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of part D in Figure 3;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the bending angle range of the bending tube
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram for showing the arrangement of slits on a curved tube
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the semicircular protrusion-type slit structure in a state where the curved tube is straightened;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the semicircular protrusion type slit structure reaching the bending limit state
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a part of a bent pipe
  • Figure 13 is an enlarged view of part F in Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is an expanded view of the carved surface of a part of the curved tube
  • Figure 15 is an enlarged view of part G in Figure 14;
  • Figure 16 is an enlarged view of part H in Figure 14;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic diagram for showing the position of the buckle on the curved tube
  • Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view for showing the internal structure of the insertion part
  • Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view for showing the buckle structure
  • Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view of the handheld portion
  • Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the handheld portion
  • Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limit block in the hand-held part
  • Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the head end of the insertion part.
  • Insertion part 2. Handhold part; 3. Head end of insertion part; 4. Curved tube; 5. Step braided tube; 6. Slit; 7. Pull wire; 8. Clip; 9. Card slot 10, fixed head; 11, elastic tube; 12, metal tube; 13, protective sleeve; 14, working channel; 15, power supply wire; 16, signal line; 17, capillary tube; 18, bending and protecting the rear section; 19 , Transition section; 20, front bending section; 21, semicircular protrusion slit structure; 22, inner hole; 23, buckle protrusion; 24, buckle tail end; 25, buckle outer surface; 26, limit block; 27. Transparent end; 28, LED; 29, COMS.
  • an endoscope includes a hand-held part 2 and an insertion part 1, wherein the hand-held part 2 includes an operating handle, and the insertion part 1 includes an insertion part tip 3, a bending tube 4, and a step braided tube 5 connected in sequence , The stepped braided tube 5 is connected to the handle 2.
  • the curved tube 4 is covered with an elastic tube 11.
  • the elastic tube 11 is preferably a silicone rubber tube or a nylon elastic tube.
  • the splicing place between the head end 3 of the insertion part and the curved tube 4 and the splicing place between the curved tube 4 and the step braided tube 5 are both received by a metal tube 12, and the metal tube 12 is also covered with a protective sleeve 13.
  • the protective sleeve 13 is preferably a heat-shrinkable tube, which is used to ensure the smoothness of the splicing part and strengthen the sealing of the entire tube body.
  • the tube wall of the curved tube 4 is provided with a number of equally spaced slits 6, and the width of the slits 6 on the curved tube 4 is from the one close to the stepped braided tube 5 From one end to the end close to the head end 3 of the insertion part, it gradually becomes smaller.
  • the width of the slits 6 on the bending tube 4 close to the head end 3 of the insertion part at least one of the slits 6 is wider than the adjacent one and closer to the step.
  • the curved tube 4 can be subdivided into three parts: the curved and protected rear section 18, the transition section 19, and the front curved section 20.
  • the curved and protected rear section 18 is connected to the stepped braided tube 5, and the front curved section 20 is connected to the insertion head end 3. connection.
  • the width of the slit 6 on the rear section 18 and transition section 19 of the bending and protection as Z
  • the width of the slit 6 of the front curved section 20 close to the transition section 19 is Y
  • the width is X, then Z>Y; X>Y.
  • the width of the slit 6 gradually becomes smaller, it is unconventional to provide several slits with a larger width at the front end of the bending tube 4 to increase the bending limit of the bending tube 4, and the bending range ⁇ of the tip 3 of the insertion part Up to ⁇ 290°.
  • Bending and protecting the rear section 18 with a large bending radius R3; the transition section 19 with a bending radius R2 ensures a smooth transition when complete; the front bending section with a 20 bending radius R1 can achieve a larger bending angle through a three-stage design, and the slit 6
  • the spacing can be adjusted reasonably according to actual needs to achieve a better bending effect.
  • the slits 6 on the transition section 19 and the front bending section 20 are elongated along the tube wall, and the maximum width of the two ends of the slit 6 is greater than that of the middle part of the slit 6. Width, and its width value gradually decreases from the maximum value to the middle and both ends respectively.
  • the edge contour of the end of the slit 6 is an arc tangent to the edge contour of the middle part of the slit 6.
  • the curved tube 4 has a larger contact area at the edge of the slit 6 during the bending process, which can form an effective buffer for placing the end of the slit 6 to tear, and in the process of radial distortion of the curved tube 4 It can also prevent it from twisting off.
  • the slit on the curved and protective rear section 18 is specifically set as a semi-circular protrusion slit structure 21. With this structure, when the limit is bent, the engagement part Surface contact can reduce the stress concentration during pressing, and at the same time can achieve the effect of preventing distortion.
  • Both the slit 6 and the semicircular protrusion type slit structure 21 are completed by a circular arc streamline carving process.
  • the slits 6 are arranged staggered, and the distance between the roots of the slits 6 is about 1.5 times the width of the center of the slit 6, which can ensure that the root and the next part will not break when the limit is bent.
  • the 6 roots of the slits are connected with smooth rounded corners to ensure that there is no stress concentration during normal bending.
  • the curved tube 4 is also provided with a number of buckles 8 and grooves 9 along the pipe wall.
  • the buckles 8 and the grooves 9 cooperate through their own elastic deformation. , Can be firmly embedded in the card slot 9.
  • the orthographic projection of the card slot 9 is a rectangle with rounded corners, and this shape arrangement can reduce stress concentration.
  • An inner hole 22 is provided in the middle of the buckle 8, and the inner hole 22 can be penetrated by the pulling wire 7.
  • a fixed head 10 is connected to the end of the traction wire 7 close to the head end 3 of the insertion portion. The fixed head 10 can abut against the buckle 8 at the end of the bending tube 4 under the pulling force of the traction wire 7.
  • One end passes through the stepped braided tube 5 and is connected to the rotating wheel in the handle 2.
  • the number of traction wires 7 is two and they are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tube body, and the bending tube 4 can be driven to bend by pulling the traction wires 7.
  • a working channel 14, a power supply wire 15 and a signal wire 16 are also provided inside the tube body of the insertion part 1.
  • the shape of the buckle 8 is thick in the middle and thin on both sides, and specifically includes the buckle protrusion 23, the buckle tail end 24 and the buckle outer surface 25.
  • the middle part of the buckle 8 is provided with an inner hole 22 through which the spring tube of the traction wire 7 passes.
  • the outer side surface 25 of the buckle is connected by multiple arcs, so that the distance from the center of the arc to the center of the tube is smaller than the distance from the end of the buckle 24 to the center of the tube.
  • This arrangement can make the curved tube 4 better during the operation. Flexible, because if the side wall of the buckle is too thick, it will protrude on the tube wall, which will interfere with the operation. However, the setting method in this embodiment makes the side wall of the buckle thinner and makes the entire tube body smoother. Have a positive impact on doctors' surgical operations.
  • a layer of capillary tube 17 is provided on the outer layer of the drawing wire 7 in the step braided tube 5, and the capillary tube 17 is made of stainless steel to protect and limit the drawing wire 7
  • a limit block 26 is also fixedly provided in the operating handle. Two perforations are provided in the limit block 26. The perforations are divided into two sections. One end close to the insertion part 1 has a larger aperture for placing two capillary tubes 17 and limiting them. The other section has a relatively thin hole for the traction wire 7 to pass through.
  • the inserting part head 3 in this embodiment is a transparent head 27, which is provided with LED 28 and COMS 29.

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Abstract

一种内窥镜，其通过在弯曲管(4)管体上设置不同宽度的狭缝(6)使得弯曲管(4)能够通过牵引丝(7)的控制实现较为灵活的弯曲动作，并且由于在端部设置了较宽的缝隙(6)使得弯曲管(4)的端部能够进行更大角度的弯曲；而且狭缝(6)特殊的形状结构使其在弯曲的过程中应力集中在一个面上而非常规的集中在一个接触点上，使弯曲管(4)在弯曲和扭动的过程中应力得到分散，弯曲管(4)的管体不易损坏，延长了使用寿命，而且牵引丝(7)通过卡扣(8)固定更加稳固，无需点胶装配更加方便。

Description

一种内窥镜 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗用具中的内管结构技术领域，更具体地说，它涉及一种内窥镜。
背景技术
内窥镜为一种常用的医疗器械，包括控制端和插入组件，控制端包括壳体和设置于壳体内的控制机构，通过控制机构控制插入组件经由人体的天然孔道或手术形成的孔道进入体内以及执行其他操作或手术。
现有公布号为CN106455910B的专利，其公布了一种内窥镜用弯曲管和具有该内窥镜用弯曲管的内窥镜，其介绍了位于前端侧的弯曲区域的所述缝列的弯曲用缝的宽度被设定于小于位于基端侧的弯曲区域的所述缝列的弯曲用缝的宽度，并且位于前端侧的弯曲区域的所述缝列的相邻的弯曲用缝之间的间隔被设定为小于位于基端侧的弯曲区域的缝列的相邻弯曲用缝之间的间隔。
但是上述发明专利弯曲度有限，并且在弯曲过程中容易造成应力集中导致管体的损坏，上述问题亟待解决。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种内窥镜，其具有更好的控制弯曲管的弯曲度同时也能实现更大的弯曲度，也同样减少了弯曲管头部应力的集中，从而避免造成管体的损坏。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：
一种内窥镜，包括手持部和插入部，所述插入部包括依次连接的插入部头端、弯曲管和台阶编织管，所述台阶编织管与手持部连接，所述弯曲管的管壁上设置有若干狭缝，且弯曲管上狭缝的宽度从靠近台阶编织管的一端到靠近插入部头端的一端逐渐变小，弯曲管上靠近插入部头端的若干个狭缝中，至少有一个狭缝的宽度大于与其相邻的且更靠近台阶编织管一侧的狭缝的宽度。通过上述方式，在狭缝宽度逐渐变小的趋势下一反常规，在弯曲管前端设置若干个较大的缝能够提高弯曲管的弯曲度极限，插入部头端弯曲范围可达±290°
进一步地，狭缝两端部的最大宽度大于狭缝中间部位的宽度，并且其宽度数值从最大值处分别向中部和两端平滑过渡逐渐减小。狭缝端部的边缘轮廓为与狭缝中间部位的边缘轮廓相切的弧形。通过上述狭缝的设置方式，弯曲管在弯曲过程中狭缝边缘的接触面积更大能够形成有效的缓冲放置狭缝端部撕裂，而且在弯曲管径向扭曲的过程中也能够防止其扭断。
进一步地，弯曲管上沿管壁还设置有若干卡扣和卡槽，卡扣与卡槽通过其本身的弹性形变进行配合，能够稳固的内嵌到卡槽中。卡槽的正投影为圆角矩形，这种形状设置能够减少在应力的集中。
进一步地，所述卡扣中间均设置有内孔，内孔能够被牵引丝贯穿。牵引丝上靠近插入部头端的一端连接有固定头，该固定头在牵引丝的拉力作用下能够与位于弯曲管端部的卡扣抵接，牵引丝的另一端从台阶编织管中穿出并连接到手持部中的转轮上。
进一步地，牵引丝数量若干，并且通过拉扯牵引丝能够带动弯曲 管弯曲。
进一步地，弯曲管外部包覆有弹性管。弹性管优选为硅橡胶管或尼龙弹性管。
进一步地，所述插入部头端与弯曲管的拼接处以及弯曲管与台阶编织管的拼接处均采用金属管承接，并且金属管外部还包覆有保护套管。
进一步地，保护套管优选为热缩管，用于保证拼接部位的光滑性和加强整个管体的密封性。
进一步地，插入部的管体内部还设置有工作通道、供电电线及信号线。
综上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1.本发明采用通过在弯曲管前端设置若干个较大的缝能够更好的控制弯曲管的弯曲度，插入部头端弯曲范围可达±290°。
2.狭缝的特殊形状结构使其在弯曲的过程中应力集中在一个面上而非常规的集中在一个接触点上，使其在弯曲和扭动的过程中应力得到分散，管体不易损坏，延长了使用寿命。
3.本发明中牵引丝通过卡扣固定更加稳固，能够有效的控制弯曲管的弯曲，无需点胶装配方便，能够在保证性能的基础上更好的节约成本。
附图说明
图1为内窥镜整体结构示意图；
图2为内窥镜插入部结构示意图；
图3为弯曲管伸直状态和弯曲状态示意图；
图4为图3中A-A截面的示意图；
图5为图3中B-B截面的示意图；
图6为图3中C部的放大图；
图7为图3中D部的放大图；
图8为弯曲管的弯曲角度范围示意图；
图9为用于展示弯曲管上狭缝排布方式的示意图；
图10为半圆突起型狭缝结构在弯曲管伸直状态下的示意图；
图11为半圆突起型狭缝结构达到弯曲极限状态时的示意图；
图12为弯曲管部分管段的示意图；
图13为图12中F部的放大图；
图14为弯曲管部分管段的镂雕面展开图；
图15为图14中G部的放大图；
图16为图14中H部的放大图；
图17为用于展示弯曲管上卡扣位置的示意图；
图18为用于展示插入部内部结构的断面图；
图19为用于展示卡扣结构的断面图；
图20为手持部的剖面图；
图21为手持部的整体结构示意图；
图22为手持部中限位块的结构示意图；
图23为插入部头端的结构示意图。
图中：1、插入部；2、手持部；3、插入部头端；4、弯曲管；5、 台阶编织管；6、狭缝；7、牵引丝；8、卡扣；9、卡槽；10、固定头；11、弹性管；12、金属管；13、保护套管；14、工作通道；15、供电电线；16、信号线；17、毛细管；18、弯曲及保护后段；19、过渡段；20、前端弯曲段；21、半圆突起型狭缝结构；22、内孔；23、卡扣突起；24、卡扣尾端；25、卡扣外侧面；26、限位块；27、透明端头；28、LED；29、COMS。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
如图1所示，一种内窥镜，包括手持部2和插入部1，其中手持部2包括操作手柄，插入部1包括依次连接的插入部头端3、弯曲管4和台阶编织管5，台阶编织管5与手持部2连接。
如图2、图6和图7所示，弯曲管4外部包覆有弹性管11。弹性管11优选为硅橡胶管或尼龙弹性管。插入部头端3与弯曲管4的拼接处以及弯曲管4与台阶编织管5的拼接处均采用金属管12承接，并且金属管12外部还包覆有保护套管13。保护套管13优选为热缩管，用于保证拼接部位的光滑性和加强整个管体的密封性。
如图2、图3、图8和图9所示，弯曲管4的管壁上设置有若干个等间距的狭缝6，且弯曲管4上狭缝6的宽度从靠近台阶编织管5的一端到靠近插入部头端3的一端逐渐变小，弯曲管4上靠近插入部头端3的若干个狭缝6中，至少有一个狭缝6的宽度大于与其相邻的且更靠近台阶编织管5一侧的狭缝6的宽度。弯曲管4可以细分为弯曲及保护后段18、过渡段19和前端弯曲段20三个部分，其中弯曲 及保护后段18与台阶编织管5连接，前端弯曲段20与插入部头端3连接。定义弯曲及保护后段18、过渡段19上的狭缝6宽度为Z，前端弯曲段20靠近过渡段19的部分狭缝6宽度为Y，前端弯曲段20靠近插入部头端3的狭缝6宽度为X，那么Z﹥Y；X﹥Y。通过上述方式，在狭缝6宽度逐渐变小的趋势下一反常规，在弯曲管4前端设置若干个宽度较大的缝能够提高弯曲管4的弯曲度极限，插入部头端3弯曲范围θ可达±290°。弯曲及保护后段18大弯曲半径R3；过渡段19弯曲半径R2确保完全时候能平稳过渡；前端弯曲段20弯曲半径R1，通过三段式的设计能够达到更大的弯曲角度，而且狭缝6的间距能够根据实际需要进行合理的调整来达到更好的弯曲效果。
如图9、图14和图15所示，过渡段19和前端弯曲段20上的狭缝6沿管壁呈长条形，且狭缝6两端部的最大宽度大于狭缝6中间部位的宽度，并且其宽度数值从最大值处分别向中部和两端平滑过渡逐渐减小。狭缝6端部的边缘轮廓为与狭缝6中间部位的边缘轮廓相切的弧形。通过上述狭缝6的设置方式，弯曲管4在弯曲过程中狭缝6边缘的接触面积更大能够形成有效的缓冲放置狭缝6端部撕裂，而且在弯曲管4径向扭曲的过程中也能够防止其扭断。如图9、图10、图11、图14和图16所示，弯曲及保护后段18上的狭缝具体设置为半圆突起型狭缝结构21，采用这种结构在极限弯曲时，啮合部位面接触能减少按压时的应力集中，同时能达到防止扭曲的作用。狭缝6与半圆突起型狭缝结构21均采用圆弧流线型镂雕工艺完成。
如图12和图13所示，狭缝6交错排列，并且狭缝6根部间距 约为狭缝6中心部位宽度的1.5倍，能确保超过极限弯曲时，根部与下一根部不会发生断裂。狭缝6根部平滑圆角连接，确保常规弯曲时不存在应力集中。
如图图6、图17、图18和图19所示，弯曲管4上沿管壁还设置有若干卡扣8和卡槽9，卡扣8与卡槽9通过其本身的弹性形变进行配合，能够稳固的内嵌到卡槽9中。卡槽9的正投影为圆角矩形，这种形状设置能够减少在应力的集中。所述卡扣8中间均设置有内孔22，内孔22能够被牵引丝7贯穿。牵引丝7上靠近插入部头端3的一端连接有固定头10，该固定头10在牵引丝7的拉力作用下能够与位于弯曲管4端部的卡扣8抵接，牵引丝7的另一端从台阶编织管5中穿出并连接到手持部2中的转轮上。本实施例中牵引丝7数量为两根并对称设置在管体内两侧，并且通过拉扯牵引丝7能够带动弯曲管4弯曲。插入部1的管体内部还设置有工作通道14、供电电线15及信号线16。
卡扣8形状呈现为中间厚两边薄，具体包括卡扣突起23、卡扣尾端24和卡扣外侧面25。卡扣8中间部分设置有供牵引丝7弹簧管穿过的内孔22，装配时，通过将卡扣8用力挤压进卡槽9中，使卡扣8两端的紧紧的嵌进卡槽9中，卡扣8内侧的两端均设置有卡扣突起23，通过卡扣8本身的弹性形变能够使卡扣8紧紧的扣紧在卡槽9里不会发生脱落，最后使牵引丝7弹簧管穿过卡扣8的内孔22，最终使得卡扣8牢牢的固定在卡槽9中。卡扣外侧面25由多段弧面相接，使弧面中心位置到管体圆心的距离小于卡扣尾端24到管体圆心 的距离，这种设置方式能够使弯曲管4在手术过程中更加灵活，因为如果卡扣的侧壁过厚会在管壁上突出，会对手术造成干涉，而本实施例中的设置方式让卡扣的侧壁更加轻薄和并且使整个管体更加平滑，能够对医生的手术操作产生积极的影响。
如图7、图20、图21和图22所示，位于台阶编织管5中的牵引丝7外层设置有一层毛细管17，并且毛细管17采用不锈钢材质起到对牵引丝7进行保护和限位的作用。操作手柄中还固定设置有一个限位块26，限位块26中设置有两个穿孔，穿孔分为两段，靠近插入部1的一端孔径较粗用于分别放置两根毛细管17并进行限位，另一段的孔径相对较细用于供牵引丝7穿过。通过上述设置方式能够使操作者牵引丝的控制更加准确、稳定和精细，进一步的使操作者对弯曲管4的控制更加精准和容易。
如图23所示，本实施例中的插入部头端3为透明端头27其中设置有LED28和COMS29。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种内窥镜，包括手持部(2)和插入部(1)，所述插入部(1)包括依次连接的插入部头端(3)、弯曲管(4)和台阶编织管(5)，所述台阶编织管(5)与手持部(2)连接，所述弯曲管(4)的管壁上设置有若干狭缝(6)，且弯曲管(4)上狭缝(6)的宽度从靠近台阶编织管(5)的一端到靠近插入部(1)头端的一端逐渐变小，其特征在于：弯曲管(4)上靠近插入部(1)头端的若干个狭缝(6)中，至少有一个狭缝(6)的宽度大于与其相邻的且更靠近台阶编织管(5)一侧的狭缝(6)的宽度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜，其特征在于：狭缝(6)两端部的最大宽度大于狭缝(6)中间部位的宽度，并且其宽度数值从最大值处分别向中部和两端平滑过渡逐渐减小。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的内窥镜，其特征在于：狭缝(6)端部的边缘轮廓为与狭缝(6)中间部位的边缘轮廓相切的弧形。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜，其特征在于：所述弯曲管(4)上沿管壁还设置有若干卡扣(8)和卡槽(9)，卡扣(8)与卡槽(9)通过其本身的弹性形变进行配合，能够稳固的内嵌到卡槽(9)中。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的内窥镜，其特征在于：所述卡扣(8)中间均设置有内孔(22)，内孔(22)能够被牵引丝(7)贯穿。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的内窥镜，其特征在于：所述牵引丝(7)上靠近插入部头端(3)的一端连接有固定头(10)，该固定头(10)在牵引丝(7)的拉力作用下能够与位于弯曲管(4)端部的卡扣(8)抵接，牵引丝(7)的另一端从台阶编织管(5)中穿出并连接到手持部(2)中的转轮上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的内窥镜，其特征在于：牵引丝(7)数量若干，并且通过拉扯牵引丝(7)能够带动弯曲管(4)弯曲。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜，其特征在于：所述弯曲管(4)外部包覆有弹性管(11)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的内窥镜，其特征在于：所述弹性管(11)优选为硅橡胶管或尼龙弹性管。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜，其特征在于：所述插入部头端(3)与弯曲管(4)的拼接处以及弯曲管(4)与台阶编织管(5)的拼接处均采用金属管(12)承接，并且金属管(12)外部还包覆有保护套管(13)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的内窥镜，其特征在于：所述保护套管(13)优选为热缩管，用于保证拼接部位的光滑性和加强整个管体的密封性。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的内窥镜，其特征在于：所述插入部(1)的管体内部还设置有工作通道(14)、供电电线(15)及信号线(16)。
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