WO2020166474A1 - プラスチック容器のリサイクル方法及びプラスチック容器に適用する転写フィルム - Google Patents
プラスチック容器のリサイクル方法及びプラスチック容器に適用する転写フィルム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020166474A1 WO2020166474A1 PCT/JP2020/004503 JP2020004503W WO2020166474A1 WO 2020166474 A1 WO2020166474 A1 WO 2020166474A1 JP 2020004503 W JP2020004503 W JP 2020004503W WO 2020166474 A1 WO2020166474 A1 WO 2020166474A1
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- layer
- plastic container
- transfer film
- resin
- transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
- B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
- B44C1/17—Dry transfer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel plastic container recycling method and a transfer film applied to the plastic container.
- Plastic containers such as plastic bottles (sometimes referred to as polyethylene terephthalate bottles, PET bottles, PET, etc.) and coffee cups (often made of polypropylene or polystyrene) due to increasing awareness of environmental protection in recent years. Is recommended for recycling.
- plastic containers such as PET bottles
- a shrink label with a perforation formed in a tubular shape or an adhesive is used as a label that is easy to peel and remove to display the product name or to add decoration.
- Roll labels, single-wafer labels, tack labels, etc., to be attached to bottles are attached. It is recommended that these labels be peeled off and collected when collecting and separating PET bottles (reference PET Bottle Recycling Promotion Council HP), but these actions are left to the consumer. , Was not always thorough.
- the PET bottle voluntary design guidelines stipulate that the specific gravity and materials are such that there is no problem even if the label materials are mixed during the recycling process, and aluminum laminated labels are not used.
- Labels to be attached to bottles using adhesives etc. disclose the standard that it is desirable to reduce the adhesive application area and amount so that it can be easily peeled off by hand and that no label piece or adhesive remains on the bottle. .. These are all standards for labels required for displaying product names and imparting decorativeness.
- Polypropylene used in coffee cups and yogurt cups is currently collected as plastic for food packaging, then separated into polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, etc. and washed and pelletized for recycling (reference Japan.
- the Containers and Packaging Recycling Association HP cannot print the printed products printed for the purpose of displaying the product name and the like or for decorative purposes, so that there is a problem that the recycled plastic is colored.
- a protective layer or the like can be simply formed by a dry method on the surface of various transfer target materials such as synthetic resin base materials, wood base materials, inorganic base materials, metal base materials, etc.
- a transfer method using a transfer film that can be formed is used.
- the transfer method is a pattern layer, an adhesive layer, etc. (hereinafter, these are referred to as a transfer layer together with the protective layer) on a release film made of paper, a thermoplastic resin film or the like, and a pattern layer after transfer if necessary.
- a transfer film is prepared by providing a protective layer for the purpose of protecting the transfer film in a peelable state, and the transfer layer surface of the transfer film is pressure-bonded to the surface of the base material (transfer target substrate) to form the transfer layer as the transfer target substrate. After adhering, the peeling film is peeled off at the interface between the transfer layer and the peeling film to remove the peeling film, thereby producing a desired decorative article in which the transfer layer is transferred and formed on the substrate to be transferred.
- in-mold molding transfer method of blow molded products decorative injection molding simultaneous transfer method, vacuum molding simultaneous transfer method, lapping simultaneous transfer method, etc., such as a three-dimensional shape that is expanded and deformed on the transfer film at the time of thermal transfer
- a molding transfer method or a transfer method such as hot stamping in which a transfer film is stretched and is not deformed.
- the problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for increasing the recycling rate of plastic containers such as PET bottles, and a transfer film applicable to the plastic containers used therefor.
- the present inventors believe that unless a label such as a shrink label attached to a plastic container such as a plastic bottle is used, the act of peeling the label entrusted to the consumer itself does not occur and the recycling rate increases.
- the plastic container can be directly decorated with a transfer film that can be peeled off with an alkaline solution that is currently used in the process of cleaning PET bottles, so that the plastic container can be labeled with the product name and other decorative features.
- the present invention provides a step (1) of decorating a plastic container with a transfer film, a step (2) of recovering the decorated plastic container, and a step of cleaning the recovered plastic container with an alkaline solution and adding it.
- a method for recovering a plastic container which has a step (3) of peeling off a decorative portion.
- the present invention provides a transfer film applied to a plastic container, wherein the decorative layer and the release film are laminated in this order on the holding layer, and the decorative layer is an alkali-soluble transfer film. ..
- the present invention is a transfer film applied to a plastic container, which is formed by laminating at least an adhesive layer, a decorative layer and a release film in this order on a holding layer, and the adhesive layer is an alkali-soluble transfer film.
- the adhesive layer is an alkali-soluble transfer film.
- the present invention is a transfer film applied to a plastic container, which is formed by laminating at least an adhesive layer, a decorative layer, a surface protective layer and a release film on the holding layer in this order, and the adhesive layer and/or the surface.
- a transfer film in which the protective layer is alkali-soluble is provided.
- the present invention it is possible to increase the recycling collection rate without causing the act of peeling the label while maintaining the display of the product name and the like and the decorativeness required for the PET bottle.
- this method is a method for increasing the recycling recovery rate for directly decorated plastic containers, so it is not limited to PET bottles, but for food packaging such as polypropylene used in coffee cups and yogurt cups. It can also be applied to plastic.
- Step (1) of decorating a plastic container with a transfer film In the present invention, the process of decorating a plastic container with a transfer film will be described when a plastic bottle is used as the plastic container.
- the transfer film used in the present invention is a known transfer method, such as an in-mold molding transfer method for blow molded products, a decorative injection molding simultaneous transfer method, a vacuum molding simultaneous transfer method, a lapping simultaneous transfer method, etc.
- the dye in the sublimable dye layer on the thermal transfer sheet and a thermal sublimation transfer method for forming an image by transferring to a transfer target such as a thermal transfer image receiving sheet can be used.
- thermo transfer film For example, as a specific embodiment of the thermal transfer film applied to the in-mold molding transfer method, (1) A transfer film in which at least a decorative layer and a release film are laminated in this order on the holding layer, and the decorative layer is alkali-soluble. (2) A transfer film in which at least an adhesive layer, a decorative layer, and a release film are laminated on the holding layer in this order, and the adhesive layer is alkali-soluble. (3) A transfer film or the like in which at least an adhesive layer, a decorative layer, a surface protective layer and a release film are laminated on the holding layer in this order, and the adhesive layer and/or the surface protective layer are alkali-soluble. .. FIG. 1 shows an example of a specific mode of the above (3).
- alkali-soluble means that the layer does not need to be completely dissolved when immersed in an alkaline solution, and the layer is partially dissolved or swelled to such an extent that the layer is separated from the PET bottle interface after transfer. ..
- a reactive group such as a carboxyl group or a hydroxyl group capable of reacting with an alkali or an ester bond be present in the layer.
- an ester bond in the layer specifically means a polyol composition having a polyol compound such as a polyester polyol having an ester bond, a polyether ester polyol, a polyester (polyurethane) polyol, an acrylic polyol, or the ester.
- a polyol compound having a bond and a polyisocyanate composition having a polyisocyanate compound which is a reaction product of the various polyisocyanates.
- a reactive adhesive to which a resin having an ester bond or a compound having an acidic group is added can also be preferably used.
- the compound having an acidic group can be easily mixed with the polyol composition or the polyisocyanate composition which is the main component of the reactive adhesive (in this case, the solvent described below may be used if necessary), Any compound having an acid value can be used without particular limitation.
- resins having an acid value such as rosin-modified maleic acid resin and rosin-modified fumaric acid resin; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, cinnamic acid, or their acid anhydrides.
- Polymerizable monomers having an acidic group such as polymerizable monomers having a carboxyl group such as compounds, polymerizable monomers having a sulfonic acid group such as sulfonated styrene, and polymerizable monomers having a sulfonamide group such as vinylbenzenesulfonamide.
- Resins that are copolymerized and are radical copolymers such as (meth)acrylic resins, styrene-(meth)acrylic resins, styrene-(anhydrous)maleic acid resins, terpene-(anhydrous)maleic acid resins;
- Other examples include polyolefin resins, which may be used alone or in combination.
- the acid value of the compound having an acidic group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 150 mgKOH/g or more, more preferably 150 to 500 mgKOH/g.
- the molecular weight of the compound having an acidic group is not particularly limited, but a compound having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) in the range of 500 to 20,000 is preferable.
- the holding layer can be provided with a transfer layer such as a decorative layer, and does not cause thermal deterioration due to coating, drying, or dry lamination, while it is a film that can be peeled well before thermal transfer processing. If there is no particular limitation.
- polyolefin resin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, ethylene-(meth)acrylic acid (ester) copolymer, ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid Olefinic copolymer resins such as copolymer metal neutralized products (so-called ionomer resins), acrylic resins such as polyacrylonitrile, polymethylmethacrylate and polyethylmethacrylate, styrene resins such as polystyrene, AS resins and ABS resins, Polyvinyl resins such as polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetate, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate and poly
- the thickness of the holding layer is not particularly limited, but the thickness is preferably about 10 to 200 ⁇ m because it has good printability and coating suitability. More preferably, it is 20 to 100 ⁇ m.
- Adhesive layer examples of the adhesive used in the adhesive layer include acrylic resin, urethane resin, urethane-modified polyester resin, polyester resin, epoxy resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin (EVA), vinyl chloride resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate. Examples thereof include copolymer resins, natural rubber, synthetic rubbers such as SBR, NBR, and silicone rubber. Solvent type diluted with an organic solvent, solventless type, or emulsion type of aqueous medium can be used.
- a reactive adhesive may be used.
- any commercially available reactive adhesive can be used without particular limitation. Among them, a so-called two-pack type of a polyisocyanate composition and a polyol composition, or a one-pack type of polyisocyanate is used. It is preferable for the reactive adhesive because it can exert a particular effect.
- the polyisocyanate composition used in a general reactive adhesive is a composition containing a polyisocyanate compound as a main component, and particularly if it is known as a polyisocyanate compound for a reactive adhesive. It can be used without limitation.
- Specific examples of the polyisocyanate compound include, for example, an aromatic structure in the molecular structure of tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, triphenylmethane triisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate and the like.
- Polyisocyanates having, compounds obtained by modifying a part of the isocyanate groups (NCO groups) of these polyisocyanates with carbodiimide; isophorone diisocyanate, 4,4′-methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate), 1,3-(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane, etc. Having an alicyclic structure in the molecular structure of 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,5-pentamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, etc.
- Isocyanurate bodies of the various polyisocyanates are Isocyanurate bodies of the various polyisocyanates; Allophanate bodies derived from the various polyisocyanates; Burette bodies derived from the various polyisocyanates; Adduct bodies obtained by modifying the various polyisocyanates with trimethylolpropane; Examples thereof include polyisocyanate which is a reaction product of an isocyanate and a polyol component described later.
- the polyol composition used in a general reactive adhesive is a composition containing a polyol compound as a main component, and is used without particular limitation as long as it is known as a polyol compound for a reactive adhesive. it can.
- polyol compound examples include, for example, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, methylpentanediol, dimethylbutanediol, butylethylpropanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, bishydroxyethoxybenzene, 1,4 -Glycols such as cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and triethylene glycol; trifunctional or tetrafunctional aliphatic alcohols such as glycerin, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol; bisphenol A, bisphenol A
- polyester polyol Selected from polyester polyol, polyether polyol, polyurethane polyol, polyether ester polyol, polyester (polyurethane) polyol, polyether (polyurethane) polyol, polyester amide polyol, acrylic polyol, polycarbonate polyol, polyhydroxyl alkane, castor oil or a mixture thereof. Mention may be made of polymer polyols.
- any one of the constituent components of the reactive adhesive has an ester bond means, specifically, a polyol having a polyol compound such as a polyester polyol having an ester bond, a polyether ester polyol, a polyester (polyurethane) polyol, and an acrylic polyol.
- a reactive adhesive containing one or both of a composition and a polyisocyanate composition having a polyisocyanate compound that is a reaction product of a polyol compound having the ester bond and the various polyisocyanates. can be mentioned.
- a reactive adhesive to which a resin having an ester bond or a compound having an acidic group is added can also be preferably used.
- the compound having an acidic group can be easily mixed with the polyol composition or the polyisocyanate composition which is the main component of the reactive adhesive (in this case, the solvent described below may be used if necessary), Any compound having an acid value can be used without particular limitation.
- resins having an acid value such as rosin-modified maleic acid resin and rosin-modified fumaric acid resin; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, cinnamic acid, or their acid anhydrides.
- Polymerizable monomers having an acidic group such as polymerizable monomers having a carboxyl group such as compounds, polymerizable monomers having a sulfonic acid group such as sulfonated styrene, and polymerizable monomers having a sulfonamide group such as vinylbenzenesulfonamide.
- Resins that are copolymerized and are radical copolymers such as (meth)acrylic resins, styrene-(meth)acrylic resins, styrene-(anhydrous)maleic acid resins, terpene-(anhydrous)maleic acid resins;
- Other examples include polyolefin resins, which may be used alone or in combination.
- the acid value of the compound having an acidic group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 150 mgKOH/g or more, more preferably 150 to 500 mgKOH/g.
- the molecular weight of the compound having an acidic group is not particularly limited, but a compound having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) in the range of 500 to 20,000 is preferable.
- Other reactive adhesives include pigments, silane coupling agents, titanate coupling agents, aluminum coupling agents, adhesion promoters such as epoxy resins, leveling agents, colloidal silica, and inorganic fine particles such as alumina sol. , Organic fine particles of polymethylmethacrylate type, antifoaming agent, anti-sagging agent, wetting dispersant, viscosity adjusting agent, ultraviolet absorber, metal deactivator, peroxide decomposing agent, flame retardant, reinforcing agent, plasticizer
- additives such as a lubricant, a rust preventive, a fluorescent brightening agent, an inorganic heat ray absorber, a flameproofing agent, an antistatic agent and a dehydrating agent are used.
- the reactive adhesive may be a dry laminating adhesive diluted with a highly soluble organic solvent for dilution, a solventless laminating adhesive containing almost no organic solvent for dilution, or a diluent with water.
- a water-based adhesive and the like, and any of them can be peeled off by the separating and collecting method of the present invention.
- Examples of the highly soluble organic solvent for dilution include toluene, xylene, methylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), cyclohexanone, toluene, xylol, Examples include n-hexane and cyclohexane.
- toluene, xylene, methylene chloride, tetrahydrofuran, methyl acetate and ethyl acetate are known as highly soluble organic solvents.
- water or an organic solvent having an affinity for water can be used as a diluting solvent.
- the compounding ratio of the polyisocyanate composition, the polyol composition and the two-pack type is a recommended compounding ratio if it is a commercial product, and generally, in the polyisocyanate composition.
- the equivalent ratio of the isocyanate group and the hydroxyl group in the polyol composition [isocyanate group/hydroxyl group] is often in the range of 1.0 to 5.0. Of course, it may be blended and used in a range other than this.
- the one-component adhesive of the reactive adhesive is used by coating the film with the polyisocyanate composition alone, and the isocyanate group contained in the polyisocyanate composition reacts as moisture in the air to crosslink. Can be used as a laminating adhesive.
- any adhesive may be used as long as it has tackiness at the temperature of thermoforming, and examples thereof include solvent-based adhesives such as acrylic resin, isobutylene rubber resin, styrene-butadiene rubber resin, isoprene rubber resin, natural rubber resin, and silicone resin.
- Acrylic emulsion resin such as polyacrylamide and polyvinyl methyl ether.
- a general-purpose printing ink or paint can be used for the decorative layer, and it can be formed by gravure printing, flexographic printing, offset printing, screen printing, inkjet printing, thermal transfer printing, or the like.
- the dry film thickness of the decorative layer is preferably 0.1 to 15 ⁇ m, and more preferably 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m.
- a colored layer without a pattern and a colorless varnish resin layer can also be formed by coating.
- the printing pattern in the case of printing can be any printing pattern as long as it is a pattern or a character that can raise the plate or can be printed. It may also be a solid version.
- binder resin cellulose resin such as nitrified cotton, urethane resin, polyamide resin, vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer, rosin resin and its modified products, ketone resin, cellulose resin, polyester resin, (meth)acrylic Resins and the like can be mentioned, and these can be used in appropriate combination.
- cellulosic resins such as nitrified cotton, urethane resins, polyamide resins, vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymers and the like are often used in appropriate combination.
- the colorants include organic and inorganic pigments and dyes used in general inks, paints and recording materials.
- organic pigment azo-based, phthalocyanine-based, anthraquinone-based, perylene-based, perinone-based, quinacridone-based, thioindigo-based, dioxazine-based, isoindolinone-based, quinophthalone-based, azomethineazo-based, dictopyrrolopyrrole-based, isoindoline-based
- the inorganic pigment include carbon black, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, chromium oxide, silica, red iron oxide, aluminum, and mica (mica).
- a glittering pigment metalashine; Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd.
- glass flake or lumpy flake is used as a base material and metal or metal oxide is coated on the base material.
- the solvent is an organic solvent, for example, an aromatic organic solvent, a ketone solvent such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone, an ester solvent such as ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, butyl acetate, and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, Examples thereof include alcohol solvents such as n-propanol, inopropanol, n-butanol and propylene glycol monomethyl ether.
- the aqueous solvent include a solvent containing water as a main component and a water-soluble alcohol solvent.
- additives examples include extender pigments, pigment dispersants, leveling agents, defoamers, waxes, plasticizers, antiblocking agents, infrared absorbers, ultraviolet absorbers, aromatics, flame retardants and the like.
- a crosslinking agent or a chelating agent is further added to crosslink the printing ink layer itself to increase the hardness.
- the printing ink layer is also easily dissolved or hydrolyzed by an alkaline solution. Therefore, it is preferable that one of the components of the printing ink has an ester bond. That any one of the constituents of the printing ink has an ester bond, specifically, as a binder resin, for example, polyester urethane resin having an ester bond, polyester polyamide resin, polyester resin, vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer, The use of (meth)acrylic resin and the like can be mentioned.
- a binder resin for example, polyester urethane resin having an ester bond, polyester polyamide resin, polyester resin, vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer, The use of (meth)acrylic resin and the like can be mentioned.
- a printing ink to which a resin having an ester bond or a compound having an acidic group is added can be preferably used.
- the compound having an acidic group any compound can be used without particular limitation as long as it is a compound that can be easily mixed with the binder resin, the organic solvent or the like, which is the main component of the printing ink, and has an acid value.
- resins having an acid value such as rosin-modified maleic acid resin and rosin-modified fumaric acid resin; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, cinnamic acid, or their acid anhydrides.
- Polymerizable monomers having an acidic group such as polymerizable monomers having a carboxyl group such as compounds, polymerizable monomers having a sulfonic acid group such as sulfonated styrene, and polymerizable monomers having a sulfonamide group such as vinylbenzenesulfonamide.
- Resins that are copolymerized and are radical copolymers such as (meth)acrylic resins, styrene-(meth)acrylic resins, styrene-(anhydrous)maleic acid resins, terpene-(anhydrous)maleic acid resins;
- Other examples include polyolefin resins, which may be used alone or in combination.
- the acid value of the compound having an acidic group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 150 mgKOH/g or more, more preferably 150 to 500 mgKOH/g.
- the molecular weight of the compound having an acidic group is not particularly limited, but a compound having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) in the range of 500 to 20,000 is preferable.
- Primer layer An example of a specific embodiment of the transfer film of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 1.
- a primer layer may be provided before applying the decorative layer. Since the primer layer is easily dissolved or hydrolyzed by an alkaline solution, it is preferable to contain a resin having an ester bond or an acidic group, and then a laminated film coated with an adhesive can be easily separated into a monolayer film. It becomes possible to do.
- the adhesive may be prepared after the primer layer is applied on the peeling layer to the extent that the adhesion of the corroded layer after transfer to the plastic container is not impaired. (See Figure 3)
- a compound having an acidic group may be used alone in the primer layer.
- the compound having an acidic group that can be preferably used in the primer layer include resins having an acid value such as rosin-modified maleic acid resin and rosin-modified fumaric acid resin; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid.
- Polymerizable monomers having a carboxyl group such as cinnamic acid or acid anhydrides thereof, polymerizable monomers having a sulfonic acid group such as sulfonated styrene, and polymerizable monomers having a sulfonamide group such as vinylbenzenesulfonamide.
- (meth)acrylic resin Radical copolymerization of (meth)acrylic resin, styrene-(meth)acrylic resin, styrene-(anhydrous)maleic acid resin, terpene-(anhydrous)maleic acid resin, etc. copolymerized with a polymerizable monomer having an acidic group
- the resin include a combined resin and an acid-modified polyolefin resin.
- a resin may be added as appropriate in order to impart film-forming properties when the above acidic group compound is applied.
- a polyester urethane resin having an ester bond a polyester polyamide resin, a polyester resin, a vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer, a (meth)acrylic resin, or the like.
- the primer layer When the primer layer is applied, it can be appropriately diluted with a solvent and applied to the substrate. Also.
- the acidic group can be diluted with water by neutralizing it with a volatile organic amine such as ammonia for coating.
- the acid value of the compound having an acidic group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 150 mgKOH/g or more, more preferably 150 to 500 mgKOH/g.
- the molecular weight of the compound having an acidic group is not particularly limited, but a compound having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) in the range of 500 to 20,000 is preferable.
- the decorative layer design is based on white
- most of the white ink will be used for the decorative layer, and it may be difficult to peel off just by using the primer layer.
- the peelability of the decorative layer can be further improved by further introducing a medium layer made of the resin component of the ink.
- the surface protective layer provided as necessary is a protective layer containing a non-reactive resin such as a polyester resin, a polyether ester resin, a polyester polyurethane resin, or a (meth)acrylic resin having an ester bond to an extent that does not prevent peeling. Can be used.
- a non-reactive resin such as a polyester resin, a polyether ester resin, a polyester polyurethane resin, or a (meth)acrylic resin having an ester bond to an extent that does not prevent peeling. Can be used.
- the release film used in the present invention has a suitable adhesion to the transfer layer before the transfer process, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a film that can be favorably released from the transfer layer after the thermal transfer process.
- polyolefin resin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, ethylene-(meth)acrylic acid (ester) copolymer, ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid Olefinic copolymer resins such as copolymer metal neutralized products (so-called ionomer resins), acrylic resins such as polyacrylonitrile, polymethylmethacrylate and polyethylmethacrylate, styrene resins such as polystyrene, AS resins and ABS resins, Polyvinyl resins such as polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride
- the thickness of the release film is not particularly limited, but if it is too thin, the film may tear at the time of peeling after thermal transfer, while if it is too thick, it may not be able to follow the shape of the transferred substrate, so the film
- the thickness is preferably about 10 to 200 ⁇ m. More preferably, it is 20 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the surface texture of the transfer layer transferred to the transferred substrate tends to be reversed from that of the release film used. Therefore, if a release film having a smooth mirror surface is used, the surface of the transfer layer after transfer can also have a smooth mirror finish, and the release film has a matte surface or uneven surface. If a material having an embossed shape is used, these glossy state and embossed shape can be formed on the surface of the transfer layer after transfer. These may be appropriately selected according to the desired design.
- the thermal transfer film has an adhesive layer (if present), a decorative layer, a surface protective layer (if present), and a release film laminated in this order on the holding layer.
- An anchor layer or the like may be provided depending on the case.
- the laminating step of each layer is not particularly limited, and the layers can be laminated by a known printing method or coating method.
- the decorative layer can be provided on the holding layer by various general-purpose printing methods such as a gravure printing method, an offset printing method, a gravure offset printing method, a flexographic printing method and a screen printing method.
- gravure coating method microgravure coating method, roll coating method, rod coating method, kiss coating method, knife coating method, air knife coating method, comma coating method, die coating method, lip coating method, flow coating method. It can be provided by using various known coating methods such as a coating method, a dip coating method, and a spray coating method.
- a holding layer provided with various layers and a release film can be laminated by a lamination method.
- Step (1) of decorating a PET bottle with a transfer film As a method for decorating a PET bottle with the thermal transfer film, a known transfer method can be used. Specifically, it can be applied to three-dimensional shapes such as in-mold molding transfer method of blow molded products, decorative injection molding simultaneous transfer method, vacuum molding simultaneous transfer method, lapping simultaneous transfer method, etc. A molding transfer method and a transfer method such as hot stamping in which a transfer film is stretched and is not deformed are known.
- the in-mold molding transfer method of a blow-molded product which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, will be described as an example. ..
- the thermal transfer film has a decorative layer (an adhesive layer is present on the surface of the split mold of the blow mold so that the decorative layer corresponds to a desired position of the molded product after molding in a state where the holding layer is peeled off in advance.
- the adhesive layer is placed on the front side, and it is attached in the mold by vacuum suction.
- a molten parison of polyethylene terephthalate is sandwiched between blow molds, and blow molding is performed by the blow molding temperature and molding pressure of the resin.
- the molten parison and the thermal transfer film are pressure-bonded by the molding temperature and the molding pressure of the molten parison, the decorative layer (the adhesive layer if there is an adhesive layer) adheres to the surface of the molten parison, and the thermal transfer film forms the adhesive layer. It is attached to the wall surface of the blow-molded product via. After the molding, the blow mold is opened, the molded product is taken out, and the release film is peeled off, whereby the decorative layer and the adhesive layer are transferred to the wall surface of the blow molded product, whereby decoration is performed.
- Step (2) of collecting the decorated PET bottle The decorated PET bottles are filled with contents such as drinking water, distributed as products, and then used as plastic bottles that are separated from households and collected by the route that the municipalities separate and collect, or automatically sold. It is collected by a separate collection route from businesses that manage the place of discharge, such as machine sides, factories and offices, supermarkets, convenience stores, transportation facilities and public facilities. These are operated in accordance with the Waste Management Law and local regulations.
- the alkaline solution for washing the recovered PET bottle is preferably an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution, or the like.
- the aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide or the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide is preferably an aqueous solution having a concentration of 0.5% by mass to 10% by mass, more preferably an aqueous solution having a concentration of 1% by mass to 5% by mass.
- the pH is 8 or more, preferably 10 or more.
- water-soluble organic solvent examples include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (methyl cellosolve), ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (cellosolve), ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (butyl cellosolve), ethylene glycol di Butyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether (methyl carbitol), diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (carbitol), diethylene glycol diethyl ether (diethyl carbitol), diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (butyl carbitol), diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether , Triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, methylene dimethyl ether (methylal), propyl alcohol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (methyl cellosolve), ethylene glycol monoethyl
- the content ratio of the water-soluble organic solvent in the alkaline solution is preferably 0.1% by mass to 20% by mass, more preferably 1% by mass to 10% by mass.
- the alkaline solution may contain a water-insoluble organic solvent.
- the water-insoluble organic solvent include alcohol solvents such as n-butanol, 2-butanol, isobutanol and octanol, aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as hexane, heptane and normal paraffin, benzene, toluene and xylene.
- Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as alkylbenzene, halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as methylene chloride, 1-chlorobutane, 2-chlorobutane, 3-chlorobutane and carbon tetrachloride, ester solvents such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate and butyl acetate.
- Examples thereof include ketone-based solvents such as methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone and cyclohexanone, and ether-based solvents such as ethyl ether and butyl ether, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds. ⁇
- the alkaline solution may contain a surfactant.
- the surfactant include various anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants. Among these, anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants are included. Is preferred.
- anionic surfactant examples include alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkylphenyl sulfonate, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, higher fatty acid salt, higher fatty acid ester sulfate ester salt, higher fatty acid ester sulfonate, and higher alcohol ether.
- nonionic surfactant examples include polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, and glycerin fatty acid ester.
- Polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester Polyglycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene alkylamine, polyoxyethylene fatty acid amide, fatty acid alkylolamide, alkylalkanolamide, acetylene glycol, oxyethylene adduct of acetylene glycol, Examples thereof include polyethylene glycol polypropylene glycol block copolymers, among which polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene dodecyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene fatty acid.
- Ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, fatty acid alkylolamide, acetylene glycol, oxyethylene adduct of acetylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol polypropylene glycol block copolymer are preferable.
- surfactants include silicone-based surfactants such as polysiloxane oxyethylene adducts; fluorine-based surfactants such as perfluoroalkyl carboxylates, perfluoroalkyl sulfonates, and oxyethylene perfluoroalkyl ethers.
- a biosurfactant such as spiculisporic acid, rhamnolipid or lysolecithin can also be used.
- surfactants can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more kinds.
- the addition amount is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 2% by mass, more preferably 0.001 to 1.5% by mass, and 0.01 to More preferably, it is in the range of 1% by mass.
- the PET bottle When the PET bottle is washed with the alkaline solution, for example, it is preferable to wash it in a treatment tank under heating at 20 to 90°C or under ultrasonic vibration.
- the heating method is not particularly limited, and a known heating method using heat rays, infrared rays, microwaves or the like can be adopted.
- ultrasonic vibration for example, a method in which an ultrasonic vibrator is attached to a treatment tank and ultrasonic vibration is applied to the alkali solution can be adopted.
- the alkaline solution is stirred during cleaning.
- the stirring method include a method of mechanically stirring the dispersion of the laminated film contained in the treatment tank with a stirring blade, a method of stirring the water stream with a water pump, and a bubbling method with an inert gas such as nitrogen gas.
- the above-mentioned method may be used in combination for efficiently peeling off the multilayer film.
- the time for immersing the PET bottle in the alkaline solution is usually in the range of 2 minutes to 48 hours. If the immersion time is less than 2 minutes, the transferred decorative layer may not be completely peeled off from the PET bottle and may remain partially.
- the number of times of immersion in the alkaline solution may be once or divided into several times. Moreover, when performing multiple immersion, you may change the density
- the ink layer may be removed with a solvent such as morpholine before and after the treatment with the alkaline solution.
- the alkaline solution used in this recovery method acts on the interface between the PET bottle and the decorative layer, and if an adhesive layer is used, it acts on the interface between the adhesive layer and the adhesive force, and the adhesive strength is significantly reduced. It is presumed to cause interfacial peeling between the layer and the adhesive layer. In this case, even when a reactive adhesive is used as the adhesive layer, it is presumed that efficient separation and recovery can be achieved in a short time because the present invention does not dissolve but causes interfacial peeling.
- the decorative layer peeled off from the PET bottle often remains as a residue in the alkaline solution without being dissolved in the alkaline solution. That is, the residues of the separated decorative layer, adhesive layer, and surface protective layer are suspended or dissolved in the alkaline solution. After taking them out from the alkaline solution, they are separated and collected.
- the recovery method of the present invention can be applied not only to the PET bottles, but also to printed materials such as coffee cups and yogurt cups printed on polypropylene, polyethylene, and polystyrene used as plastics for food packaging.
- Polyol A 5 parts of "Marquid #32" manufactured by Arakawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. was dissolved in 95 parts of "HA450B” manufactured by DIC at 160 degrees to prepare a polyol A having 5% of a high acid value compound.
- Primer A 50 parts of "Marquise #32" manufactured by Arakawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. was dissolved in 50 parts of ethyl acetate with stirring at 40°C to obtain a primer A having a solid content of 50%.
- the transfer film includes transfer films (A-1) and (A-2) obtained by laminating an adhesive layer, a decorating layer and a release film on a holding layer in this order, and an adhesive layer and a decorating layer on the holding layer.
- a transfer film (B-1) was prepared by laminating the primer layer (5) and the release film in this order.
- Transfer film (A-1) As the release film, 100 parts of "MC-Clear KAH-011" manufactured by DIC Graphics Co., Ltd. as a release layer on a polyethylene terephthalate film "E-5101" (film thickness 50 ⁇ m) manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.
- the release film (A) was prepared by coating 3 parts of the release composition so as to have a solid content of 1 g/m 2 and baking at 180° C. for 30 seconds.
- indigo and white inks of the gravure ink “TRC-ink series” manufactured by DIC Graphics Co., Ltd. were printed with a gravure coater so that the printing layer had a thickness of 2 ⁇ m to form a decorative layer.
- an adhesive composition prepared by mixing DIC's "NS-4500A” and "HA-450B” at a ratio of 100/60 as an adhesive layer on the holding layer was adjusted to 2 g/m 2 with a non-sol laminator.
- the transfer film (A-1), which was applied to the above, was laminated so that the release film having the decorative layer formed thereon and the decorative layer and the adhesive layer were laminated, and was aged at 40° C. for 3 days. Obtained.
- Transfer film (A-2) In the transfer film (A-1), an adhesive composition obtained by mixing "NS-4500A” manufactured by DIC Co., Ltd. and "Polyol A” as an adhesive layer on a holding layer in a ratio of 100/60 was used as a non-sol laminator. At 2 g/m 2, and the release film having the decorative layer formed thereon is laminated so that the decorative layer and the adhesive layer are laminated, and an aging reaction is performed at 40° C. for 3 days. A transfer film (A-2) was obtained.
- Transfer film (B-1) In the transfer film (A-1), the primer A was applied as a primer layer on the holding layer to a solid content of 1 g/m 2 and dried, and then the adhesive layers “NS-4500A” and “HA-” were used as adhesive layers.
- An adhesive composition obtained by mixing "450B” at a ratio of 100/60 is applied by a non-sol laminator so as to be 2 g/m2, and the release film having the decorative layer formed thereon and bonded to the decorative layer A transfer film (B-1) was obtained which was laminated so as to be laminated with the agent layer and aged at 40° C. for 3 days.
- the obtained thermal transfer film was placed on the split mold surface of the blow mold in a state where the holding layer was peeled off in advance, so that the decorative layer corresponded to the desired position of the molded product after molding so that the adhesive layer was placed on the front side. Then, it was attached in the mold by vacuum suction. Next, a molten parison of polyethylene terephthalate was sandwiched between blow molds, and blow molding was carried out at the blow molding temperature and molding pressure of the resin to obtain a decorated PET bottle.
- the decorative layer decorated on the PET bottle could be easily peeled off with the alkaline solution.
- transfer film of the present invention It is one example of a specific embodiment of the transfer film of the present invention. It is one example of a specific embodiment of the transfer film of the present invention. It is one example of a specific embodiment of the transfer film of the present invention. It is one example of a specific embodiment of the transfer film of the present invention.
Abstract
Description
例えばペットボトルなどのプラスチック容器には、商品名等の表示や装飾性を付与するための剥離除去しやすいラベルとして、筒状に形成されミシン目が形成されたシュリンクラベルや、接着剤等を使用してボトルに貼付するロールラベル・枚葉ラベル・タックラベル等が装着されている。これらのラベルは、ペットボトルの回収分別の際には剥離除去した上で回収することが推奨されているが(参考 PETボトルリサイクル推進協議会HP)、これらの行為は消費者に委ねられており、必ずしも徹底されるものではなかった。
接着剤塗布面積・量を少なくし、手で簡単に剥離でき、ラベル片・接着剤がボトルに残らないことが望ましい旨の基準が開示されている。これはいずれも、商品名等の表示や装飾性を付与するために必要なラベルありきの基準である。
本発明において、プラスチック容器に転写フィルムで加飾を施す工程について、プラスチック容器としてペットボトルを用いた場合について説明する。
本発明で使用する転写フィルムは、公知の転写方法である、ブロー成形品のインモールド成形転写法、加飾射出成形同時転写法、真空成形同時転写法、ラッピング同時転写法等の、熱転写時に転写フィルムに伸び、変形が加わる立体形状への成形転写方法や、ホットスタンプ等、転写フィルムに伸び、変形の加わらない転写法(例えば特許文献1参照)、あるいは、昇華性染料を色材とし、それを画像情報に応じて発熱制御された加熱デバイスを用いて、熱転写シート上の昇華性染料層中の染料と熱転写受像シート等の被転写体に移行させて画像を形成させる感熱昇華型転写法(例えば特許文献2参照)等で使用される熱転写フィルムを使用することができる。
例えばインモールド成形転写法等に適用される熱転写フィルムの具体的態様としては、
(1)保持層上に少なくとも加飾層及び剥離フィルムをこの順で積層してなり、前記加飾層がアルカリ可溶性である転写フィルムや、
(2)保持層上に、少なくとも接着層、加飾層及び剥離フィルムをこの順で積層してなり、前記接着層がアルカリ可溶性である転写フィルムや、
(3)保持層上に、少なくとも接着層、加飾層、表面保護層及び剥離フィルムをこの順で積層してなり、前記接着層及び又は表面保護層がアルカリ可溶性である転写フィルム等が挙げられる。
図1に、前記(3)の具体的態様の一例を示す。
具体的には、例えば、ロジン変性マレイン酸樹脂やロジン変性フマル酸樹脂等の酸価を有する樹脂や;アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、イタコン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、ケイ皮酸あるいはこれらの酸無水物等のカルボキシル基を有する重合性モノマー、スルホン化スチレン等のスルホン酸基を有する重合性モノマー、ビニルベンゼンスルホンアミド等のスルホンアミド基を有する重合性モノマー等の、酸性基を有する重合性モノマーを共重合させた、(メタ)アクリル樹脂、スチレン-(メタ)アクリル樹脂、スチレン-(無水)マレイン酸樹脂、テルペン-(無水)マレイン酸樹脂等のラジカル共重合体である樹脂や;酸変性されたポリオレフィン樹脂等が挙げられ、これを単数あるいは複数混合して使用することができる。
保持層は、加飾層といった転写層を設けることが可能であり、塗工、乾燥や、ドライラミネーションにより熱変質等を生じることがなく、一方、熱転写加工前には良好に剥離可能なフィルムであれば特に限定はない。具体的には例えばポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン系樹脂、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体、エチレン-(メタ)アクリル酸(エステル)共重合体、エチレン-不飽和カルボン酸共重合体金属中和物(いわゆるアイオノマー樹脂)等のオレフィン系共重合体樹脂、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリエチルメタクリレート等のアクリル系樹脂、ポリスチレン、AS樹脂、ABS樹脂等のスチレン系樹脂、ポリビニルアセタール、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、ポリ酢酸ビニル、塩化ビニル- 酢酸ビニル共重合体等のポリビニル系樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリアリレート、ポリカーボネート等のポリエステル系樹脂、ポリフッ化ビニル、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリテトラフロロエチレン、エチレン- テトラフロロエチレン共重合体等のフッ素系樹脂等の熱可塑性樹脂からなるフィルム、あるいは該フィルムと剥離フィルムとの接着性に強弱をつけるために、剥離フィルム層へのプラズマ照射や、フッ素系化合物やシリコーン系化合物等の剥離剤で表面処理したものが挙げられる。
接着剤層に使用する接着剤としては、例えば、アクリル樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、ウレタン変性ポリエステル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合樹脂(EVA)、塩化ビニル樹脂、塩化ビニル-酢酸ビニル共重合樹脂、天然ゴム、SBR、NBR、シリコーンゴム等の合成ゴムなどがあげられ、有機溶剤で希釈された溶剤型、無溶剤型、あるいは水性媒体のエマルジョン型等のものが使用出来る。
一般的な反応性接着剤で使用されるポリイソシアネート組成物は、主成分としてポリイソシアネート化合物を含有する組成物であり、反応性接着剤用のポリイソシアネート化合物として知られているものであれば特に限定なく使用できる。具体的なポリイソシアネート化合物の例としては、例えば、トリレンジイソシアネート、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、ポリメリックジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、1,5-ナフタレンジイソシアネート、トリフェニルメタントリイソシアネート、キシリレンジイソシアネート等の分子構造内に芳香族構造を持つポリイソシアネート、これらのポリイソシアネートのイソシアネート基(NCO基)の一部をカルボジイミドで変性した化合物;イソホロンジイソシアネート、4,4’-メチレンビス(シクロヘキシルイソシアネート)、1,3-(イソシアナートメチル)シクロヘキサン等の分子構造内に脂環式構造を持つポリイソシアネート;1,6-ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、1,5-ペンタメチレンジイソシアネート、リジンジイソシアネート、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート等の直鎖状脂肪族ポリイソシアネート、これらのポリイソシアネートのNCO基の一部をカルボジイミドで変性した化合物;
一般的な反応性接着剤で使用されるポリオール組成物は、主成分としてポリオール化合物を含有する組成物であり、反応性接着剤用のポリオール化合物として知られているものであれば特に限定なく使用できる。具体的なポリオール化合物の例としては、例えば、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、1,3-プロパンジオール、1,4-ブタンジオール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、3-メチル-1,5-ペンタンジオール、1,6-ヘキサンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、メチルペンタンジオール、ジメチルブタンジオール、ブチルエチルプロパンジオール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、テトラエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、トリプロピレングリコール、ビスヒドロキシエトキシベンゼン、1,4-シクロヘキサンジオール、1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノール、トリエチレングリコール等のグリコール;グリセリン、トリメチロールプロパン、ペンタエリスリトール等の3官能又は4官能の脂肪族アルコール;ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールF、水素添加ビスフェノールA、水素添加ビスフェノールF等のビスフェノール;ダイマージオールや、
反応性接着剤の構成成分のいずれかがエステル結合を有するとは、具体的には、エステル結合を有するポリエステルポリオール、ポリエーテルエステルポリオール、ポリエステル(ポリウレタン)ポリオール、アクリルポリオール等のポリオール化合物を有するポリオール組成物や、前記エステル結合を有するポリオール化合物と、前記各種のポリイソシアネートとの反応生成物であるポリイソシアネート化合物を有するポリイソシアネート組成物のいずれかまたは両方を含有する反応性接着剤であることが挙げられる。
具体的には、例えば、ロジン変性マレイン酸樹脂やロジン変性フマル酸樹脂等の酸価を有する樹脂や;アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、イタコン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、ケイ皮酸あるいはこれらの酸無水物等のカルボキシル基を有する重合性モノマー、スルホン化スチレン等のスルホン酸基を有する重合性モノマー、ビニルベンゼンスルホンアミド等のスルホンアミド基を有する重合性モノマー等の、酸性基を有する重合性モノマーを共重合させた、(メタ)アクリル樹脂、スチレン-(メタ)アクリル樹脂、スチレン-(無水)マレイン酸樹脂、テルペン-(無水)マレイン酸樹脂等のラジカル共重合体である樹脂や;酸変性されたポリオレフィン樹脂等が挙げられ、これを単数あるいは複数混合して使用することができる。
加飾層には、汎用の印刷インキまたは塗料を使用することができ、グラビア印刷、フレキソ印刷、オフセット印刷、スクリーン印刷、インクジェット印刷、熱転写印刷などを用いて形成することができる。加飾層の乾燥膜厚は0.1~15μmであることが好ましく、更に好ましくは、0.1~10μmである。また絵柄のない着色層や、無色のワニス樹脂層についても塗工によって形成することができる。
また、印刷の場合の印刷柄は、版を起こせるあるいは印字できる模様や文字であればどのような印刷柄も可能である。またベタ版であってもよい。
バインダー樹脂としては、硝化綿等のセルロール系樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、塩化ビニル/酢酸ビニル共重合体、ロジン系樹脂及びその変性物、ケトン樹脂、セルロース系樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、(メタ)アクリル樹脂等が挙げられ、これらを適宜組み合わせて使用することができる。中でも硝化綿等のセルロール系樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、塩化ビニル/酢酸ビニル共重合体等を適宜組み合わせて使用することが多い。
その他、更に架橋剤やキレート剤を添加し、印刷インキ層そのものを架橋させ硬度を高めているものもある。
印刷インキの構成成分のいずれかがエステル結合を有するとは、具体的には、バインダー樹脂として、例えばエステル結合を有するポリエステルウレタン樹脂、ポリエステルポリアミド樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、塩化ビニル/酢酸ビニル共重合体、(メタ)アクリル樹脂等を使用することが挙げられる。
具体的には、例えば、ロジン変性マレイン酸樹脂やロジン変性フマル酸樹脂等の酸価を有する樹脂や;アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、イタコン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、ケイ皮酸あるいはこれらの酸無水物等のカルボキシル基を有する重合性モノマー、スルホン化スチレン等のスルホン酸基を有する重合性モノマー、ビニルベンゼンスルホンアミド等のスルホンアミド基を有する重合性モノマー等の、酸性基を有する重合性モノマーを共重合させた、(メタ)アクリル樹脂、スチレン-(メタ)アクリル樹脂、スチレン-(無水)マレイン酸樹脂、テルペン-(無水)マレイン酸樹脂等のラジカル共重合体である樹脂や;酸変性されたポリオレフィン樹脂等が挙げられ、これを単数あるいは複数混合して使用することができる。
本発明の転写フィルムの具体的態様の一例は図1に示すとおりであるが、前記加飾層の剥離を容易にするために、該加飾層を施す前にプライマー層を設けることもできる。プライマー層としては、アルカリ溶液により溶解あるいは加水分解しやすいことから、エステル結合や酸性基を有する樹脂を含有することが好ましく、その後接着剤を塗工した積層フィルムを、容易に単層フィルムに分離することが可能となる。(図2参照)
また、同様に転写後の加蝕層のプラスチック容器の密着性を阻害しない程度の剥離層上にプライマー層を施した後に接着剤を作成しても良い。(図3参照)
前記の酸性基化合物の塗工時の造膜性を付与するために、適宜樹脂を添加することができる。例えば、エステル結合を有するポリエステルウレタン樹脂、ポリエステルポリアミド樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、塩化ビニル/酢酸ビニル共重合体、(メタ)アクリル樹脂等を使用することが挙げられる。
プライマー層を塗工する際に適宜溶剤で希釈して基材に塗工することができる。また。酸性基をアンモニア等の揮発性有機アミンで中和することにより水に希釈して塗工することもできる。
必要に応じて設ける表面保護層は、剥離を妨げない程度にエステル結合を有するポリエステル樹脂、ポリエーテルエステル樹脂、ポリエステルポリウレタン樹脂、(メタ)アクリル樹脂等の非反応性樹脂を主成分とする保護層を用いることができる。
本発明で使用する剥離フィルムは、転写加工前には転写層と適度な密着力を有しており、一方熱転写加工後には良好に転写層と剥離可能なフィルムであれば特に限定はない。具体的には例えばポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン系樹脂、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体、エチレン-(メタ)アクリル酸(エステル)共重合体、エチレン-不飽和カルボン酸共重合体金属中和物(いわゆるアイオノマー樹脂)等のオレフィン系共重合体樹脂、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリエチルメタクリレート等のアクリル系樹脂、ポリスチレン、AS樹脂、ABS樹脂等のスチレン系樹脂、ポリビニルアセタール、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、ポリ酢酸ビニル、塩化ビニル- 酢酸ビニル共重合体等のポリビニル系樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリアリレート、ポリカーボネート等のポリエステル系樹脂、ポリフッ化ビニル、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリテトラフロロエチレン、エチレン- テトラフロロエチレン共重合体等のフッ素系樹脂等の熱可塑性樹脂からなるフィルム、あるいは該フィルムをプラズマ照射や、フッ素系化合物やシリコーン系化合物等の剥離剤で表面処理したものが挙げられる。また、特許文献2に記載のポリビニルアルコール、変性ポリビニルアルコール等を用いても良い。
前記熱転写フィルムは、保持層上に、(有する場合は)接着層、加飾層、(有する場合は)表面保護層、剥離フィルムを、この順で積層する。また場合によって、アンカー層等を設けてもよい。
各層の積層工程としては、特に限定はなく公知の印刷方法やコート法により積層することができる。
例えば加飾層は、グラビア印刷法、オフセット印刷法、グラビアオフセット印刷法、フレキソ印刷法、スクリーン印刷法等の各種汎用印刷方法によって保持層上に設けることができる。また接着剤層を設ける場合はグラビアコート法、マイクログラビアコート法、ロールコート法、ロッドコート法、キスコート法、ナイフコート法、エアーナイフコート法、コンマコート法、ダイコート法、リップコート法、フローコート法、ディップコート法、スプレーコート法等の各種公知の塗工方法を用いて設けることができる。各種層を設けた保持層と剥離フィルムとをラミネーション法により積層することができる。
ペットボトルに前記熱転写フィルムで加飾を施す方法は、公知の転写方法で行うことができる。具体的には、ブロー成形品のインモールド成形転写法、加飾射出成形同時転写法、真空成形同時転写法、ラッピング同時転写法等の、熱転写時に転写フィルムに伸び、変形が加わる立体形状への成形転写方法や、ホットスタンプ等、転写フィルムに伸び、変形の加わらない転写法が知られているが、ここでは本発明において好ましい形態であるブロー成形品のインモールド成形転写法を例にとって説明する。
溶融パリソンと熱転写フィルムとは、溶融パリソンの成形温度、成形圧力によって圧着され、加飾層(接着層がある場合は接着層)が溶融パリソンの表面に接着して、熱転写フィルムは、接着層を介してブロー成形品の壁面に貼着される。
成形後、ブロー金型を開いて成形品を取り出し、剥離フィルムを引き剥がすことで、加飾層と接着層とがブロー成形品の壁面に転写されることで、加飾が施される。
加飾されたペットボトルは、飲料水等の内容物を充填され商品として流通した後、使用済みペットボトルとして、家庭から分別排出され、市町村が分別収集するルートにより回収される方法や、自動販売機脇、工場やオフィス、スーパー・コンビニ、交通機関や公共施設など、排出される場所を管理する事業者から分別収集するルートにより回収される。これらは廃棄物処理法や自治体の条例等に沿って運用される。
回収されたペットボトルを洗浄するアルカリ溶液は、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液や水酸化カリウム水溶液等が好ましい。水酸化ナトリウム水溶液や水酸化カリウム水溶液は0.5質量%~10質量%の濃度の水溶液が好ましく1質量%~5質量%の濃度の水溶液がなお好ましい。またはPH8以上好ましくは10以上が好ましい。
DIC社製「HA450B」95部に対し、荒川化学工業株式会社製「マルキード#32」5部を160度にて溶解し、高酸価化合物を5%有したポリオールAを調整した。
酢酸エチル50部に荒川化学工業株式会社製「マルキード#32」50部を40℃にて攪拌しながら溶解させ、固形分50%のプライマーAを得た。
転写フィルムは、保持層上に接着層、加飾層及び剥離フィルムをこの順で積層してなる転写フィルム(A-1)、(A-2)と、保持層上に接着層、加飾層、プライマー層(5)及び剥離フィルムをこの順で積層してなる転写フィルム(B-1)を作成した。
剥離フィルムは、東洋紡製ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム「E-5101」(膜厚50μm)上に剥離層としてDICグラフィックス社製「MC-クリヤー KAH-011」100部にDICグラフィックス社製「PL硬化剤C」3部配合した剥離組成物を、固形分1g/m2となるように塗工し180℃30秒で焼付けを行った剥離フィルム(A)を使用した。
剥離フィルム(A)上に、DICグラフィックス社製グラビアインキ「TRC-インキシリーズ 」の藍・白インキをグラビアコーターにて、印刷層が2μであるように印刷し加飾層を作成した。一方、保持層上に、接着層としてDIC製「NS-4500A」と「HA-450B」を100/60の割合にて混合した接着剤組成物を、ノンソルラミネーターで2g/m2となるように塗工し、前記加飾層を作成した剥離フィルムと、加飾層と接着剤層とが積層するようにラミネートし、40℃にて3日間エージング反応させた転写フィルム(A-1)を得た。
前記転写フィルム(A-1)において、保持層上に、接着層としてDIC社製「NS-4500A」と「ポリオールA」を100/60の割合にて混合した接着剤組成物を、ノンソルラミネーターで2g/m2となるように塗工し、前記加飾層を作成した剥離フィルムと、加飾層と接着剤層とが積層するようにラミネートし、40℃にて3日間エージング反応させた転写フィルム(A―2)を得た。
前記転写フィルム(A-1)において、保持層上に、プライマー層としてプライマーAを固形分1g/m2となるように塗工乾燥後、接着層としてDIC製「NS-4500A」と「HA-450B」を100/60の割合にて混合した接着剤組成物を、ノンソルラミネーターで2g/m2となるように塗工し、前記加飾層を作成した剥離フィルムと、加飾層と接着剤層とが積層するようにラミネートし、40℃にて3日間エージング反応させた転写フィルム(B-1)を得た。
得られた熱転写フィルムを、ブロー金型の割金型表面に、予め保持層を剥離した状態で、成形後に加飾層が成形品の所望の位置に対応するように、接着層を表側として設置し、真空吸引によって金型内に貼着させた。
次いでブロー金型にポリエチレンテレフタレートの溶融パリソンを挟持し、当該樹脂のブロー成形温度、成形圧力によってブロー成形し、加飾が施されたペットボトルを得た。
水酸化ナトリウム50部をイオン交換水950部に溶解し、5%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を調整した。この5%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を60℃にてスプレーにてペットボトルの印刷部分に噴霧し、印刷部分の剥離状態を確認した。
結果を表1に示す
2 表面保護層
3 加飾層
4 接着層
5 保持層
6 プライマー層
Claims (6)
- プラスチック容器に転写フィルムで加飾を施す工程(1)と、加飾されたプラスチック容器を、回収する工程(2)と、回収されたプラスチック容器を、アルカリ溶液で洗浄し加飾部を剥離する工程(3)とを有することを特徴とするプラスチック容器の回収方法。
- 前記プラスチック容器がペットボトルである請求項1に記載のプラスチック容器の回収方法。
- プラスチック容器に適用する転写フィルムであって、保持層上に少なくとも加飾層及び剥離フィルムをこの順で積層してなり、前記加飾層がアルカリ可溶性であることを特徴とする転写フィルム。
- プラスチック容器に適用する転写フィルムであって、保持層上に、少なくとも接着層、加飾層及び剥離フィルムをこの順で積層してなり、前記接着層がアルカリ可溶性であることを特徴とする転写フィルム。
- プラスチック容器に適用する転写フィルムであって、保持層上に、少なくとも接着層、加飾層、表面保護層及び剥離フィルムをこの順で積層してなり、前記接着層及び又は表面保護層がアルカリ可溶性であることを特徴とする転写フィルム。
- 前記プラスチック容器がペットボトルである請求項3~5のいずれかに記載の転写フィルム。
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