WO2020149344A1 - フォルステライト皮膜を有しない絶縁皮膜密着性に優れる方向性電磁鋼板 - Google Patents
フォルステライト皮膜を有しない絶縁皮膜密着性に優れる方向性電磁鋼板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020149344A1 WO2020149344A1 PCT/JP2020/001188 JP2020001188W WO2020149344A1 WO 2020149344 A1 WO2020149344 A1 WO 2020149344A1 JP 2020001188 W JP2020001188 W JP 2020001188W WO 2020149344 A1 WO2020149344 A1 WO 2020149344A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- steel sheet
- less
- intermediate layer
- grain
- annealing
- Prior art date
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 170
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 20
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 20
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 229910001224 Grain-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001336 glow discharge atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 97
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 81
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 37
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 31
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 31
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 26
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 15
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000005381 magnetic domain Effects 0.000 description 13
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940063921 nitrogen 75 % Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical group [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0257—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment with diffusion of elements, e.g. decarburising, nitriding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0278—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a particular surface treatment
- C21D8/0284—Application of a separating or insulating coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1233—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1255—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest with diffusion of elements, e.g. decarburising, nitriding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1272—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
- C21D8/1283—Application of a separating or insulating coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
- C21D8/1288—Application of a tension-inducing coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
- C23C22/74—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process for obtaining burned-in conversion coatings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
- H01F1/18—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets with insulating coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
- C21D2201/05—Grain orientation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/14766—Fe-Si based alloys
- H01F1/14775—Fe-Si based alloys in the form of sheets
- H01F1/14783—Fe-Si based alloys in the form of sheets with insulating coating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention is prepared by producing under conditions that inhibit the formation of a forsterite film, or by removing the forsterite film by means such as grinding or pickling, or by flattening the surface until it exhibits specular gloss.
- the present invention relates to a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent strong bending workability and excellent manufacturability of a wound core.
- Oriented electrical steel sheet is a soft magnetic material and is used for the iron core of electrical equipment such as transformers.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is a steel sheet containing about 7% by mass or less of Si and having crystal grains highly integrated in the ⁇ 110 ⁇ 001> orientation by a Miller index.
- a characteristic to be satisfied by the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is that the energy loss when excited by an alternating current, that is, the iron loss is small. Further, when the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is used as the iron core material of the transformer, it is essential to secure the insulating property of the steel sheet, and therefore an insulating film is formed on the steel sheet surface.
- the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 in which a coating solution containing colloidal silica and phosphate as a main component is applied to the surface of a steel sheet and baked to form an insulating film is effective for ensuring insulation.
- colloidal silica and phosphate are deposited on the forsterite (Mg 2 SiO 4 ) based film (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “glass film” or “forsterite film”) generated in the finish annealing step.
- Glass film or “forsterite film”
- Forming an insulating film as a main component is a general grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, and is a manufacturing method thereof.
- the characteristics required for the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet used for the wound core are (A) low iron loss, and (B) that the insulating film does not peel off in the strongly bent portion. .. Since the wound iron core is manufactured by winding a long steel plate in a coil shape, the steel plate has a problem in that the radius of curvature on the inner peripheral side becomes small, which results in strong bending and peeling of the insulating film.
- secondary recrystallization an abnormal grain growth phenomenon called secondary recrystallization is used to control the orientation of crystal grains.
- the structure obtained by the primary recrystallization (secondary recrystallization structure) before the secondary recrystallization should be properly formed, and the fine precipitates or grains called inhibitors should be formed. It is important to precipitate the field segregation element appropriately.
- the inhibitor suppresses the growth of crystal grains other than the ⁇ 110 ⁇ 001> orientation in the primary recrystallization structure, and has the function of preferentially growing the crystal grains in the ⁇ 110 ⁇ 001> orientation. As such, adjusting the type and amount of inhibitor is particularly important.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 disclose that solid solution B functions as an inhibitor and is effective in developing the ⁇ 110 ⁇ 001> orientation.
- Patent Documents 4 and 5 fine BN formed by nitriding a material added with B after cold rolling functions as an inhibitor and is effective in developing ⁇ 110 ⁇ 001> orientation. It is disclosed.
- Patent Document 6 discloses that the precipitation of BN in hot rolling is suppressed as much as possible, and the extremely fine BN precipitated in the subsequent temperature rising process of annealing has an inhibitor function.
- Patent Documents 6 and 7 disclose a method of controlling the precipitation morphology of B in the hot rolling step to exert the function as an inhibitor.
- the dew point of decarburization annealing is controlled, and during decarburization annealing, In the oxide layer to be formed, no Fe-based oxide (Fe 2 SiO 4 , FeO, etc.) is formed, and a material such as alumina that does not react with silica is used as an annealing separator to smooth the surface after finish annealing. Achieving is disclosed.
- an oxide film is formed on the surface of the grain-finished grain-oriented silicon steel sheet prior to the formation of the insulation film.
- Patent Document 11 is a mirror-finished or finish-annealed grain-oriented silicon steel sheet prepared in a state close to a mirror-finished sheet, which is annealed in a specific atmosphere for each temperature, and is then applied to the steel sheet surface.
- This is a method in which an external oxidation type oxide film is formed and the adhesion between the insulating film and the steel sheet is secured by this oxide film.
- Patent Document 13 is a further development of the technique disclosed in Patent Document 11, and controls the film structure of a metal oxide film containing Al, Mn, Ti, Cr, and Si at the interface between the insulating film and the steel sheet, This is a method of improving the adhesion of the insulating film.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets having no forsterite film proposed in Patent Documents 10 to 13 are also based on an Al-based inhibitor, and the B-added grain-oriented electromagnetic films disclosed in Patent Documents 2 to 6 are disclosed. No mention is made of improving the adhesion of the insulating film on the steel sheet.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having no B-added forsterite coating has a low iron loss, but still has a problem in the insulation coating adhesion required for the wound core.
- the present invention is based on the current state of the art, and in a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with low iron loss, which uses BN as an inhibitor and does not have a forsterite coating, which is used as an iron core material of a wound core transformer.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with low iron loss which uses BN as an inhibitor and does not have a forsterite coating, which is used as an iron core material of a wound core transformer.
- the present inventors diligently studied a method for solving the above problems.
- the above problem can be solved by precipitating B as fine spherical BN on the surface layer of the steel sheet including the oxide layer mainly composed of silicon oxide.
- the present invention has been made based on the above findings, and the summary thereof is as follows.
- a base material steel plate, an intermediate layer that is arranged in contact with the base material steel plate, is mainly composed of silicon oxide, and is arranged in contact with the intermediate layer, and is mainly composed of phosphate and colloidal silica.
- the base material steel sheet as a chemical component, has C: 0.085% or less, Si: 0.80 to 7.00%, Mn: 0.05 to 1.00 as a chemical component.
- BN having an average particle size of 50 to 300 nm is present on the surface layer of the intermediate layer, the total thickness of the base material steel sheet and the intermediate layer is d, and B is determined by glow discharge emission spectrometry (GDS).
- GDS glow discharge emission spectrometry
- the emission intensity IB_t(d/100) of B at t(d/100) and B at t(d/10) satisfies the following formula (1), and the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the BN is 1.5 or less.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet using BN as an inhibitor in a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet using BN as an inhibitor, it is possible to suppress peeling of an insulating coating that occurs in a strongly bent portion of a steel sheet that is an inner peripheral side of an iron core, and it has excellent insulating coating adhesion, Moreover, it is possible to stably provide a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a low iron loss and excellent in manufacturability as a wound iron core.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having no forsterite coating having excellent insulation coating adhesion of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “the present electrical steel sheet”) is formed by contacting the base steel sheet and the base steel sheet. , An intermediate layer containing silicon oxide as a main component, and an insulating film formed on the intermediate layer in contact with the intermediate layer and containing phosphate and colloidal silica as a main component. Then, C: 0.085% or less, Si: 0.80 to 7.00%, Mn: 0.05 to 1.00%, acid-soluble Al: 0.010 to 0.065%, N: 0.0040.
- the total thickness of the base material steel plate and the intermediate layer is d, and the emission intensity of B is measured by glow discharge emission spectrometry (GDS), the sputtering depth is d from the outermost surface of the intermediate layer.
- GDS glow discharge emission spectrometry
- T(d/100) B emission intensity IB_t(d/100) and B emission intensity I B_t(d/10) at t(d/10) satisfy the following equation (1),
- the ratio of the major axis and the minor axis of the BN in the surface layer of the intermediate layer is 1.5 or less.
- the electromagnetic steel sheet of the present invention is characterized in that the number density of the BN in the surface layer of the intermediate layer is 2 ⁇ 10 6 pieces/mm 2 or more.
- C 0.085% or less
- C is an element effective in controlling the primary recrystallization structure, but has an adverse effect on the magnetic properties, and is an element removed by decarburization annealing before finish annealing. If the final product exceeds 0.085%, aging precipitates and the hysteresis loss increases, so C is set to 0.085% or less.
- C is preferably 0.070% or less, more preferably 0.050% or less.
- the lower limit includes 0%, but if C is reduced to less than 0.0001%, the manufacturing cost will increase significantly, so 0.0001% is the practical lower limit for practical steel sheets. In the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, C is usually decarburized and reduced to about 0.001% or less.
- Si 0.80 to 7.00%
- Si is an element that increases the electrical resistance of the steel sheet and improves the iron loss characteristics. If it is less than 0.80%, ⁇ -transformation occurs during finish annealing and the crystal orientation of the steel sheet is impaired, so Si is set to 0.80% or more.
- Si is preferably 1.50% or more, more preferably 2.50% or more.
- Si if Si exceeds 7.00%, workability deteriorates and cracks occur during rolling, so Si should be 7.00% or less. It is preferably 5.50% or less, more preferably 4.50% or less.
- Mn 0.05-1.00% Mn is an element that prevents cracking during hot rolling, and combines with S to form MnS that functions as an inhibitor. If Mn is less than 0.05%, the effect of addition is not sufficiently exhibited, so Mn is set to 0.05% or more. It is preferably 0.07% or more, more preferably 0.09% or more.
- Mn should be 1.00% or less. .. Mn is preferably 0.80% or less, more preferably 0.60% or less.
- Acid soluble Al 0.010-0.065% Acid-soluble Al is an element that combines with N to produce (Al,Si)N that functions as an inhibitor. If the acid-soluble Al is less than 0.010%, the effect of addition is not sufficiently exhibited and the secondary recrystallization does not proceed sufficiently, so the acid-soluble Al is set to 0.010% or more.
- the acid-soluble Al content is preferably 0.015% or more, more preferably 0.020% or more.
- the acid-soluble Al exceeds 0.065%, the precipitation dispersion of (Al,Si)N becomes non-uniform, the required secondary recrystallization structure cannot be obtained, and the magnetic flux density decreases, so the acid-soluble Al Al is 0.065% or less.
- the acid-soluble Al content is preferably 0.050% or less, more preferably 0.040% or less.
- N 0.0040% or less
- N is an element that combines with Al to form AlN that functions as an inhibitor, but if it is 0.0040% or more in the final product, it will be precipitated as AlN in the steel sheet to cause hysteresis. Since the loss is deteriorated, it is set to 0.0040% or less.
- the lower limit includes 0%, but if N is reduced to less than 0.0001%, the manufacturing cost increases significantly. Therefore, 0.0001% is a practical lower limit for practical steel sheets. In the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, N is usually reduced to 0.0001% or less by finish annealing.
- S 0.0100% or less S bonds with Mn and functions as an inhibitor, but if S is more than 0.0100% in the final product, it precipitates as MnS in the steel sheet and increases hysteresis loss. Therefore, 0.0100% or less.
- the lower limit includes 0%, but if S is reduced to less than 0.0001%, the manufacturing cost increases significantly. Therefore, 0.0001% is a practical lower limit for practical steel sheets. In the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, finish annealing usually reduces S to about 0.005% or less.
- B 0.0005 to 0.0080% B is an element that combines with N and forms a complex precipitate with MnS to form BN that functions as an inhibitor.
- B is set to 0.0005% or more.
- B is preferably 0.0010% or more, more preferably 0.0015% or more.
- B is made 0.0080% or less. It is preferably 0.0060% or less, more preferably 0.0040% or less.
- the balance excluding the above elements is Fe and impurities.
- Impurities include elements that are inevitably mixed in from the steel raw material and/or in the steelmaking process, and are allowable elements within the range that does not impair the characteristics of the electrical steel sheet of the present invention.
- the base steel sheet does not hinder the magnetic properties and can enhance other properties, in place of a part of Fe, Cr: 0.30% or less, Cu: 0.40% or less, P:0. 50% or less, Ni: 1.00% or less, Sn: 0.30% or less, Sb: 0.30% or less, and Bi: 0.01% or less, even if one or more kinds are contained. Good.
- the chemical composition of the base steel sheet may be measured by a general steel analysis method.
- the chemical components may be measured using ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry).
- the acid-soluble Al may be measured by ICP-AES using the filtrate obtained by thermally decomposing the sample with acid.
- C and S may be measured by a combustion-infrared absorption method, and N may be measured by an inert gas melting-thermal conductivity method.
- the electromagnetic steel sheet of the present invention is provided in contact with the base material steel sheet, and includes an intermediate layer mainly composed of silicon oxide.
- the intermediate layer has a function of bringing the base material steel sheet and the insulating film into close contact with each other.
- the thickness of the intermediate layer (length in the plate thickness direction) is not particularly limited and can be, for example, 1 nm or more and 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the intermediate layer is preferably 10 nm or more and 500 nm or less.
- the surface layer of the intermediate layer (in the vicinity of the interface between the intermediate layer and the insulating film) refers to A ⁇ 1/4 nm from the outermost surface of the intermediate layer when the thickness of the intermediate layer is A nm.
- the electromagnetic steel sheet of the present invention is formed on and in contact with the intermediate layer, and has an insulating film mainly composed of phosphate and colloidal silica.
- an insulating film mainly composed of phosphate and colloidal silica.
- the presence of BN having an average particle size (long axis length) of 50 nm or more and 300 nm or less in the vicinity of the interface) improves the insulation coating adhesion (adhesion between the base steel sheet and the insulation coating).
- the presence of BN having the above average particle size in the oxide layer (intermediate layer) that exists after finish annealing or in the oxide layer (intermediate layer) that is formed by the heat treatment for forming the intermediate layer results in the oxide layer. It is thought that it will function as an anchor and improve the adhesion of the insulating film.
- BN is reprecipitated after solid solution, so it often has a spherical shape to reduce the surface energy. Therefore, the BN morphology is preferably spherical.
- spherical BN refers to BN having a major axis/minor axis ratio of 1.5 or less.
- BN has an average particle size of 50 nm or more and 300 nm or less.
- the average particle size is defined by the long axis of the BN precipitates. If the average particle size of BN is less than 50 nm, the precipitation frequency of BN increases and iron loss increases, so the average particle size of BN should be 50 nm or more. is there.
- the average particle size of BN is preferably 80 nm or more.
- the average particle diameter of BN exceeds 300 nm, the frequency of BN precipitation decreases, and the effect of improving the adhesion of the insulating film cannot be sufficiently obtained. Therefore, the average particle diameter of BN is 300 nm or less.
- the average particle size of BN is preferably 280 nm or less.
- the average particle size is 10 ⁇ m in the plate width direction of 4 ⁇ m in the plate width direction of 10 ⁇ m in the plate width direction of 10 ⁇ m in the plate width direction using an EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray field of view) 10 ⁇ m in the plate width direction, which is attached to a SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) or a TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope). Then, the length of the major axis of the precipitate in the observation visual field, which was identified as BN by EDS, was measured, and the average value was taken as the average particle size.
- EDS Electronicgy Dispersive X-ray field of view
- Number density of BN 2 ⁇ 10 6 pieces/mm 2 or more
- the number density of BN having an average particle size of 50 nm or more and 300 nm or less is preferably 2 ⁇ 10 6 pieces/mm 2 or more.
- the number density of BN is preferably 2 ⁇ 10 6 pieces/mm 2 or more.
- the number density of BN is more preferably 3 ⁇ 10 6 pieces/mm 2 or more. Since the number density of BN varies depending on the amount of B in the steel sheet, no upper limit is set.
- the number density of BN is such that the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet (product) is washed with sodium hydroxide to remove the insulating coating on the steel sheet surface, and the steel sheet surface (that is, the intermediate layer surface layer) is FE-SEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope). Observe at and measure. For the intermediate layer surface layer in the cross section perpendicular to the rolling direction of the steel sheet, 10 fields of view of 4 ⁇ m in width direction ⁇ 2 ⁇ m in thickness direction were photographed using the EDS attached to the FE-SEM, and the BN identified by EDS The number density can be measured by counting the number of.
- the steel plate surface layer refers to a portion from the outermost surface of the intermediate layer to the position of 1/100 of the thickness of the basic iron from the interface between the surface of the basic iron and the intermediate layer. Therefore, the steel plate surface layer includes the intermediate layer and a part of the base material steel plate.
- the sputtering depth is measured by glow discharge emission spectrometry (GDS) and the sputtering depth is the outermost layer (intermediate layer) of the steel plate excluding the insulating film.
- GDS glow discharge emission spectrometry
- the emission intensity I B of B satisfies the following formula (1).
- the position d/100 from the outermost surface of the intermediate layer is located on the steel plate surface layer, and the position d/10 from the outermost surface of the intermediate layer is located on the base material steel plate side with respect to the steel plate surface layer. Therefore, if the emission intensity I B of B satisfies the following formula (1), it means that a sufficient amount of BN has been deposited on the surface layer of the steel sheet, so iron loss does not deteriorate and the insulating film adhesion is further improved. To do.
- IB_t(d/100) > IB_t(d/10) ...Equation (1)
- IB_t(d/100) emission intensity of B at t(d/100)
- IB_t(d/10) emission intensity of B at t(d/10)
- the base material steel plate is a layered region existing at the deepest position in the plate thickness direction, and a region where the Fe content is 80 atomic% or more and the O content is less than 30 atomic% excluding measurement noise. To judge.
- the region where the Fe content is less than 80 atomic %, the P content is 5 atomic% or more, and the O content is 30 atomic% or more is removed by removing the measurement noise. It is determined that
- the intermediate layer has an average Fe content of less than 80 atom% on average, a P content of less than 5 atom% on average, a Si content of 20 atom% or more on average, and an O content of 30 atom on average. % Or more should be satisfied. Further, in the present embodiment, the intermediate layer is not a forsterite coating but an oxide film mainly containing silicon oxide, so that the average Mg content in the intermediate layer may be less than 20 atomic %.
- the silicon steel slab which is a material of the electromagnetic steel sheet of the present invention, contains C: 0.085% or less, Si: 0.80 to 7.00%, Mn: 0.05 to 1.00% by mass as chemical components.
- Acid-soluble Al 0.010 to 0.065%, N: 0.0040 to 0.0120%, S: 0.0100% or less, B: 0.0005 to 0.0080%.
- C 0.085% or less
- C is an element effective in controlling the primary recrystallization structure, but has an adverse effect on the magnetic properties, and is an element removed by decarburization annealing before finish annealing. If it exceeds 0.085%, the decarburization annealing time becomes long and the productivity decreases, so C is made 0.085% or less.
- C is preferably 0.070% or less, more preferably 0.050% or less.
- the lower limit includes 0%, but if C is reduced to less than 0.0001%, the manufacturing cost will increase significantly, so 0.0001% is the practical lower limit for practical steel sheets. In the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, C is usually decarburized and reduced to about 0.001% or less.
- Si 0.80 to 7.00%
- Si is an element that increases the electrical resistance of the steel sheet and improves the iron loss characteristics. If it is less than 0.80%, ⁇ -transformation occurs during finish annealing and the crystal orientation of the steel sheet is impaired, so Si is set to 0.80% or more.
- Si is preferably 1.50% or more, more preferably 2.50% or more.
- Si should be 7.00% or less.
- Si is preferably 5.50% or less, more preferably 4.50% or less.
- Mn 0.05-1.00%
- Mn is an element that prevents cracking during hot rolling and forms MnS that functions as an inhibitor by combining with S and/or Se. If it is less than 0.05%, the effect of addition is not sufficiently exhibited, so Mn is made 0.05% or more.
- Mn is preferably 0.07% or more, more preferably 0.09% or more.
- Mn is made 1.00% or less.
- Mn is preferably 0.80% or less, more preferably 0.60% or less.
- Acid soluble Al 0.010-0.065% Acid-soluble Al is an element that combines with N to produce (Al,Si)N that functions as an inhibitor. If it is less than 0.010%, the effect of addition is not sufficiently exhibited and the secondary recrystallization does not proceed sufficiently, so the acid-soluble Al is made 0.010% or more.
- the acid-soluble Al content is preferably 0.015% or more, more preferably 0.020% or more.
- the acid-soluble Al content is preferably 0.050% or less, more preferably 0.040% or less.
- N 0.0040 to 0.0120%
- N is an element that combines with Al to form AlN that functions as an inhibitor, but is also an element that forms blisters (holes) in the steel sheet during cold rolling. If it is less than 0.004%, the formation of AlN is insufficient, so N is made 0.004% or more.
- N is preferably 0.006% or more, more preferably 0.007% or more.
- N is made 0.012% or less. N is preferably 0.010% or less, more preferably 0.009% or less.
- S 0.0100% or less S is an element that combines with Mn to form MnS that functions as an inhibitor.
- the lower limit is not particularly set, but is preferably 0.0030% or more. It is more preferably 0.0070% or more.
- B 0.0005 to 0.0080% B is an element that combines with N and forms a complex precipitate with MnS to form BN that functions as an inhibitor.
- B is set to 0.0005% or more.
- B is preferably 0.0010% or more, more preferably 0.0015% or more.
- B is made 0.0080% or less.
- B is preferably 0.0060% or less, more preferably 0.0040% or less.
- the balance excluding the above elements is Fe and impurities.
- Impurities include elements that are inevitably mixed in from the steel raw material and/or in the steelmaking process, and are allowable elements within the range that does not impair the characteristics of the electrical steel sheet of the present invention.
- the silicon steel slab does not impair the magnetic properties of the electromagnetic steel sheet of the present invention, and within the range in which other properties can be enhanced, Cr: 0.30% or less, Cu: 0.40% instead of part of Fe.
- Cr 0.30% or less
- Cu 0.40% instead of part of Fe.
- P 0.50% or less
- Ni 1.00% or less
- Sn 0.30% or less
- Sb 0.30% or less
- Bi 0.01% or less. May be included.
- the silicon steel slab is usually a slab having a thickness of 150 to 350 mm, preferably 220 to 280 mm, but may be a thin slab of 30 to 70 mm. In the case of a thin slab, there is an advantage that when the hot rolled sheet is manufactured, it is not necessary to perform rough working to an intermediate thickness.
- the silicon steel slab is preferably heated to 1250° C. or lower and subjected to hot rolling.
- the heating temperature exceeds 1250° C., the amount of molten scale increases, and MnS and/or MnSe completely dissolves into solid solution and finely precipitates in the subsequent steps to obtain a desired primary recrystallized grain size. It is necessary to set the decarburization annealing temperature to 900°C or higher. Therefore, the heating temperature is preferably 1250°C or lower. The heating temperature is more preferably 1200°C or lower.
- the lower limit of the heating temperature is not particularly limited, but the heating temperature is preferably 1100° C. or higher in order to secure the workability of the silicon steel slab.
- Hot rolling, hot rolled sheet annealing A silicon steel slab heated to 1250° C. or less is subjected to hot rolling to form a hot rolled sheet.
- the hot-rolled sheet annealing is performed by heating the hot-rolled sheet to 1000 to 1150°C (first stage temperature) to recrystallize it, and subsequently heating it to 850 to 1100°C (second stage temperature) lower than the first stage temperature. Annealing to homogenize the non-uniform structure generated during hot rolling.
- the hot-rolled sheet annealing is preferably performed once or more in order to make the history of hot-rolling uniform before the final hot-rolling of the hot-rolled sheet.
- the first stage temperature greatly affects the precipitation of inhibitors in the subsequent steps.
- the first stage temperature exceeds 1150°C, the inhibitor is finely precipitated in the subsequent steps, and the decarburization annealing temperature for obtaining the desired primary recrystallized grain size needs to be 900°C or higher. Therefore, the first stage temperature is preferably 1150°C or lower.
- the first stage temperature is more preferably 1120°C or lower.
- the first stage temperature is preferably 1000°C or higher.
- the first stage temperature is more preferably 1030°C or higher.
- the second stage temperature exceeds 1100°C, the inhibitor is finely precipitated in the subsequent steps, as in the case of the first stage temperature, so the second stage temperature is preferably 1100°C or lower.
- the second stage temperature is more preferably 1070° C. or lower.
- the second stage temperature is preferably 850°C or higher.
- the second stage temperature is more preferably 880°C or higher.
- Cold rolling> The steel sheet subjected to hot-rolled sheet annealing is subjected to one cold rolling or two or more times of cold rolling sandwiching intermediate annealing to obtain a steel sheet having a final thickness.
- the cold rolling may be performed at room temperature (10 to 30° C.) or may be performed by warming the steel sheet to a temperature higher than room temperature, for example, about 200° C. for warm rolling.
- the steel sheet having the final thickness is subjected to decarburization annealing in a humid atmosphere with an oxidation degree of less than 0.15.
- the degree of oxidation is a value obtained by dividing the partial pressure of the H 2 O gas (PH 2 O ) in the atmospheric gas by the partial pressure of the H 2 gas (PH 2 ), that is, PH 2 O /PH 2 .
- the decarburization annealing temperature is less than 770°C, the desired grain size cannot be obtained, so the decarburization annealing temperature is preferably 770°C or higher.
- the decarburization annealing temperature is more preferably 800°C or higher.
- the decarburization annealing temperature is preferably 950°C or lower.
- the decarburization annealing temperature is more preferably 920°C or lower.
- the decarburized and annealed steel sheet Prior to finish annealing, the decarburized and annealed steel sheet is subjected to a nitriding treatment so that the N content of the steel sheet is 40 to 1000 ppm.
- the nitriding method is not particularly limited, and for example, the decarburization-annealed steel sheet can be subjected to nitriding treatment with ammonia gas. If the N content of the steel sheet after the nitriding treatment is less than 40 ppm, AlN is not sufficiently precipitated and AlN does not function as an inhibitor. Therefore, the N content of the steel sheet after the nitriding treatment is preferably 40 ppm or more. The N content of the steel sheet after the nitriding treatment is more preferably 80 ppm or more.
- the N content of the steel sheet exceeds 1000 ppm, excessive AlN is present even after the completion of secondary recrystallization in the next finish annealing, and iron loss increases, so the N content is preferably 1000 ppm or less.
- the N content of the steel sheet after the nitriding treatment is more preferably 970 ppm or less.
- an annealing separation agent containing magnesia as a main component is applied to the steel sheet subjected to the nitriding treatment, and the steel sheet is subjected to finish annealing.
- a glass film made of forsterite is formed on the surface of the steel sheet by finish annealing, and the film is removed by means such as pickling and grinding. After removing the glass film, the surface of the steel sheet is preferably finished by chemical polishing or electric field polishing to be smooth.
- an annealing separator containing alumina as a main component can be used, and this is applied to a steel sheet that has been subjected to a nitriding treatment and dried, and after being dried, wound into a coil, It is subjected to finish annealing (secondary recrystallization and/or purification annealing).
- finish annealing it is possible to produce a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet while suppressing the formation of a film of an inorganic mineral substance such as forsterite.
- the surface of the steel sheet is preferably finished by chemical polishing or electric field polishing to be smooth.
- the secondary recrystallization annealing is a process of annealing the steel sheet coated with the annealing separator at a heating rate in the temperature range of 1000 to 1100° C. at 15° C./hour or less in the temperature rising process to the purification annealing temperature.
- the heating rate in the temperature range of 1000 to 1100° C. is more preferably 10° C./hour or less.
- the steel sheet coated with the annealing separator may be kept in the temperature range of 1000 to 1100° C. for 10 hours or more.
- the steel sheet that has been subjected to the secondary recrystallization annealing may be subjected to the purification annealing after the secondary recrystallization annealing.
- the purification annealing is preferably carried out, for example, in a hydrogen atmosphere at 1200° C. for 10 to 30 hours.
- the rate of temperature decrease in the temperature range of 1200 to 1000°C should be less than 50°C/hour. Further, the temperature lowering rate in the temperature range of 1000 to 600° C. is less than 30° C./hour.
- BN becomes a solid solution B and a solid solution N in a high temperature range, and N that cannot be solid-dissolved is released into the atmosphere during the temperature decrease, but B that cannot be solid-dissolved is not released into the atmosphere during the temperature decrease and is mainly composed of silicon oxide.
- a B compound such as BN, Fe 2 B, or Fe 3 B is deposited on the surface layer of the steel sheet including the intermediate layer or inside the steel sheet. When solid solution N does not sufficiently exist inside the steel sheet, BN does not precipitate, and Fe 2 B or Fe 3 B precipitates.
- the lower limit of the temperature lowering rate is not particularly limited, but if the temperature lowering rate is less than 10°C/hour, the productivity is greatly affected. Therefore, the temperature lowering rate is preferably 10°C/hour or more. Therefore, the temperature lowering rate in the temperature range of 1200 to 1000° C. is preferably 10 to 50° C./hour, and the temperature lowering rate in the temperature range of 1000 to 600° C. is preferably 10 to 30° C./hour.
- Annealing is applied to the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet from which the coating of inorganic mineral substances such as forsterite (forsterite coating) is removed, or the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet which suppresses the formation of the coating of inorganic mineral substances such as forsterite is annealed to form the base material.
- An intermediate layer mainly composed of silicon oxide is formed on the surface of the steel sheet.
- the reducing atmosphere is preferably a reducing atmosphere so that the inside of the steel sheet is not oxidized, and a nitrogen atmosphere mixed with hydrogen is particularly preferable.
- a nitrogen atmosphere mixed with hydrogen is particularly preferable.
- an atmosphere in which hydrogen:nitrogen is 75% by volume:25% by volume and a dew point is ⁇ 20 to 0° C. is preferable.
- aqueous coating solution insulating film forming liquid mainly containing phosphate and colloidal silica
- the insulating film forming liquid is baked to form an insulating film.
- phosphate for example, phosphates such as Ca, Al and Sr are preferable, and among them, aluminum phosphate is more preferable.
- the type of colloidal silica is not particularly limited, and its particle size (average particle size) can be appropriately selected, but if it exceeds 200 nm, it may settle in the treatment liquid, so the particle size of colloidal silica (number basis)
- the average particle size) is preferably 200 nm or less.
- the particle size of colloidal silica is more preferably 170 nm.
- the particle size of colloidal silica is more preferably 150 nm or more.
- the method for applying the insulating film forming liquid is not particularly limited, and for example, a wet coating method using a roll coater or the like can be used.
- the baking atmosphere can be formed by, for example, baking in air at 800 to 900° C. for 10 to 60 seconds, but the baking atmosphere is not particularly limited.
- Magnetic domain control is applied to the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet on which the insulating film is formed in order to reduce iron loss.
- the magnetic domain control method is not limited to a specific method, but magnetic domain control can be performed by, for example, laser irradiation, electron beam irradiation, etching, or a groove formation method using a gear. As a result, a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with a lower iron loss can be obtained.
- the magnetic domain control process may be performed on the steel sheet after cold rolling.
- Example 1 Steel slabs A1 to A15 having the composition shown in Table 1-1 are heated to 1150° C. and subjected to hot rolling to form a hot rolled steel sheet having a plate thickness of 2.6 mm, and the hot rolled steel sheet is annealed at 1100° C. Then, after performing hot-rolled sheet annealing that is annealed at 900° C., cold-rolled steel sheet having a final sheet thickness of 0.22 mm is provided by performing one cold rolling at 30° C. or multiple cold rolling with intermediate annealing. And Steel slabs a1 to a13 having the composition shown in Table 1-1 are heated to 1150° C.
- hot-rolled steel sheet having a plate thickness of 2.6 mm is annealed at 1100° C.
- cold-rolled steel sheet having a final sheet thickness of 0.22 mm is provided by performing one cold rolling at 30° C. or multiple cold rolling with intermediate annealing.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets B1 to B15 were manufactured as follows. A cold-rolled steel sheet having a final thickness of 0.22 mm is subjected to decarburization annealing in which a soaking treatment is performed at 860° C. in a humid atmosphere with an oxidation degree of 0.10. Annealing). Subsequently, an annealing separator containing alumina as a main component was applied to the steel sheet after the nitriding treatment, and finish annealing was performed in a hydrogen gas atmosphere at a temperature of 1200° C. for 20 hours. The heating rate in the range of 1000 to 1100° C. was 5° C./hour when raising the temperature in the finish annealing.
- the temperature lowering rate in the range of 1200 to 1000° C. was 45° C./hour, and the temperature lowering rate in the range of 1000 to 600° C. was 25° C./hour.
- the excess alumina was removed from the steel sheet, and the steel sheet from which the excess alumina had been removed was subjected to an intermediate layer forming heat treatment in an atmosphere of hydrogen: nitrogen of 75% by volume: 25% by volume and a dew point of ⁇ 5° C. ..
- An aqueous coating solution containing colloidal silica and phosphate as a main component is applied onto the steel plate after the heat treatment for forming the intermediate layer, and the atmosphere is hydrogen:nitrogen 75% by volume:25% by volume at a temperature of ⁇ 5° C. for 30 seconds.
- the product was baked to form an insulating film, which was used as a product.
- the average particle size based on the number of colloidal silica in the aqueous coating solution used was 100 nm.
- the chemical composition contained in the base steel sheet in the product is shown in Table 1-2.
- the components of the base steel sheet were measured using ICP-AES.
- the acid-soluble Al was measured by ICP-AES using the filtrate obtained by thermally decomposing the sample with an acid.
- C and S were measured by a combustion-infrared absorption method, and N was measured by an inert gas melting-thermal conductivity method.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets of b1 to b13 were manufactured as follows. A cold-rolled steel sheet having a final thickness of 0.22 mm is subjected to decarburization annealing in which a soaking treatment is performed at 860° C. in a humid atmosphere with an oxidation degree of 0.10. Annealing). Subsequently, an annealing separator containing alumina as a main component was applied to the steel sheet after the nitriding treatment, and finish annealing was performed in a hydrogen gas atmosphere at a temperature of 1200° C. for 20 hours. The heating rate in the range of 1000 to 1100° C. was 5° C./hour when raising the temperature in the finish annealing.
- the temperature decreasing rate in the range of 1200 to 1000° C. was 100° C./hour
- the temperature decreasing rate in the range of 1000 to 600° C. was 100° C./hour.
- the excess alumina was removed from the steel sheet, and the steel sheet from which the excess alumina had been removed was subjected to an intermediate layer forming heat treatment in an atmosphere of hydrogen: nitrogen of 75% by volume: 25% by volume and a dew point of ⁇ 5° C. ..
- An aqueous coating solution containing colloidal silica and phosphate as a main component is applied onto the steel plate after the heat treatment for forming the intermediate layer, and in an atmosphere of 75% by volume of hydrogen:nitrogen:25% by volume at a temperature of -5°C for 30 seconds.
- the product was baked to form an insulating film, and the product was obtained.
- the average particle size based on the number of colloidal silica in the aqueous coating solution used was 100 nm.
- the chemical composition contained in the base steel sheet in the product is shown in Table 1-2.
- the composition of the base steel sheet is steel No. The measurement was performed in the same manner as in B1 to B15.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet of b14 was manufactured as follows. A cold-rolled steel sheet having a final thickness of 0.22 mm is subjected to decarburization annealing in which a soaking treatment is performed at 850° C. in a humid atmosphere with an oxidation degree of 0.10. After that, nitriding treatment is performed with ammonia gas (the amount of nitrogen in the steel sheet is increased. Annealing). Subsequently, an annealing separator containing alumina as a main component was applied to the steel sheet after the nitriding treatment, and finish annealing was performed in a hydrogen gas atmosphere at a temperature of 1200° C. for 20 hours.
- the heating rate in the range of 1000 to 1100° C. was 5° C./hour when raising the temperature in the finish annealing. After the temperature was kept at 1200° C. for 20 hours, the temperature decreasing rate in the range of 1200 to 1000° C. was 200° C./hour, and the temperature decreasing rate in the range of 1000 to 600° C. was 100° C./hour. After the finish annealing, the excess alumina was removed from the steel sheet, and the steel sheet from which the excess alumina had been removed was subjected to an intermediate layer forming heat treatment in an atmosphere of hydrogen: nitrogen of 75% by volume: 25% by volume and a dew point of ⁇ 5° C. ..
- An aqueous coating solution mainly composed of colloidal silica and phosphate is applied on the steel plate after the heat treatment for forming the intermediate layer, and baked for 30 seconds at a temperature of 800° C. in an atmosphere of 75% by volume of hydrogen:nitrogen:25% by volume. Then, an insulating film was formed to obtain a product.
- the average particle size based on the number of colloidal silica in the aqueous coating solution used was 100 nm.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet of b15 was manufactured as follows. A cold-rolled steel sheet having a final thickness of 0.22 mm is subjected to decarburization annealing in which a soaking treatment is performed at 860° C. in a humid atmosphere with an oxidation degree of 0.10. Annealing). Subsequently, an annealing separator containing alumina as a main component was applied to the steel sheet after the nitriding treatment, and finish annealing was performed in a hydrogen gas atmosphere at a temperature of 1200° C. for 20 hours. The heating rate in the range of 1000 to 1100° C. was 5° C./hour when raising the temperature in the finish annealing.
- the temperature lowering rate in the range of 1200 to 1000° C. is 30° C./hour, holding at 1000° C. for 1 hour or more, and the temperature lowering rate in the range of 1000 to 600° C. is 50 °C/hour.
- the excess alumina was removed from the steel sheet, and the steel sheet from which the excess alumina had been removed was subjected to an intermediate layer forming heat treatment in an atmosphere of hydrogen: nitrogen of 75% by volume: 25% by volume and a dew point of ⁇ 5° C. ..
- An aqueous coating solution mainly composed of colloidal silica and phosphate is applied on the steel plate after the heat treatment for forming the intermediate layer, and baked for 30 seconds at a temperature of 800° C. in an atmosphere of 75% by volume of hydrogen:nitrogen:25% by volume. Then, an insulating film was formed to obtain a product.
- the average particle size based on the number of colloidal silica in the aqueous coating solution used was 100 nm.
- Magnetic domain control was performed on the product with the insulating film by using mechanical method, laser, and electron beam. For some products, the cold-rolled sheet was grooved by etching or laser irradiation to control the magnetic domains.
- the B compound observed up to 5 ⁇ m from the outermost surface of the intermediate layer perpendicular to the rolling direction of the steel sheet was analyzed by SEM-EDS to identify the particle size and composition of BN.
- the item "presence or absence of BN precipitation” indicates that the spherical BN (the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis is 1.5 or less) of spherical BN was present in the observation visual field one or more.
- the item "x” means that the spherical BN was 0 in the observation visual field.
- the emission intensity I B of B was measured by glow discharge emission spectrometry (GDS).
- GDS glow discharge emission spectrometry
- the sputtering time until the sputtering depth reaches the position of d/100 from the outermost surface of the steel sheet excluding the insulating film is t (d/100), and the sputtering depth is d/10 from the outermost surface of the steel sheet excluding the insulating film.
- IB_t(d/100) which is the emission intensity of B at t(d/100)
- t(d/10) is the sputtering time until reaching the position of t(d/10).
- the emission intensity of B, I B — t (d/10), and the ratio thereof, I B — t (d/100) /I B — t (d/10) were entered in the table.
- the film adhesion was evaluated by forming an insulating film on the steel sheet after finish annealing, winding the steel sheet on round bars having different diameters (20 mm, 10 mm, 5 mm), and measuring the peeled area ratio at each diameter.
- the peeled area ratio is a ratio obtained by dividing the actually peeled area by the area of the processed portion (the area where the steel plate contacts the round bar, which corresponds to the test width ⁇ the round bar diameter ⁇ ). Even if the insulating film is peeled off by strong bending, the peeling does not progress, and if the peeled area ratio is small, it can be evaluated that the deterioration of the transformer characteristics is small.
- the film adhesion is such that the peeled area ratio is 0%, A is more than 0% and less than 20%, B is 20% or more and less than 40%, C is 40% or more and less than 60%, D is 60% or more and less than 80%, and E is 80. % And less than 100% was F, and 100% was G, and the evaluation was made in seven grades A to G. Evaluation of B or higher was evaluated as good film adhesion.
- Magnetic flux density B8 The magnetic flux density B8 (the magnetic flux density when magnetized at 800 A/m) was measured by the single plate magnetic measurement (SST) for the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet obtained by the above-described manufacturing method.
- test piece for example, a test piece having a size of 100 mm ⁇ 500 mm
- the magnetic flux density was 1.7 T and the unit weight was measured under an excitation condition at a frequency of 50 Hz.
- Iron loss W17/50 (unit is W/kg), which is energy loss, was measured.
- Table 2 shows the BN precipitation state of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet (product), the GDS result, the evaluation of the film adhesion, and the magnetic properties.
- Inventive Examples C1 to C15 within the scope of the present invention grain-oriented electrical steel sheets having excellent coating adhesion and magnetic properties were obtained.
- Comparative Examples c1 to c15 outside the range of the present invention either the film adhesion or the magnetic property is inferior.
- Example 2 a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet (product) was manufactured by the same method as in Example 1. Next, magnetic domain control was performed on the product using a mechanical method, a laser, or an electron beam.
- the insulating film was removed using sodium hydroxide from the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet obtained by the above-mentioned manufacturing method.
- the number of BNs below was counted.
- the average grain size was determined by observing 10 fields of view in the plate width direction of 4 ⁇ m ⁇ plate thickness direction of 2 ⁇ m using SEM-EDS, and the long axis length of the precipitate in the field of view identified by EDS to be BN. was measured, and the average value was used as the average particle size. Further, IB_t(d/100) / IB_t(d/10) was measured by the same method as described above.
- Table 3 shows the BN precipitation state of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet (product), the GDS result, the evaluation of the film adhesion, and the magnetic properties.
- the film adhesion was further excellent and the magnetic properties were excellent.
- Example 3 A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet (product) was produced in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2. Next, magnetic domain control was performed on the product using a mechanical method, a laser, or an electron beam.
- Steel center ratio I B _ t (d / 100 ) of the emission intensity of the steel sheet surface layer in B to the emission intensity of B of (the base material steel plate side of the steel sheet surface layer) / I B _ t (d / 10) is the formula ( In Invention Examples E1 to E5 satisfying 1), the film adhesion and magnetic properties were more excellent.
- the present invention in the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet using BN as an inhibitor, it is possible to suppress the peeling of the insulating coating that occurs in the strongly bent portion of the steel sheet that is the inner peripheral side of the iron core, and thus the insulation adhesion is improved. It is possible to stably provide a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet which is excellent in productivity, has a low iron loss, and is excellent in manufacturability as a wound core. Therefore, the present invention has high applicability in the manufacturing and utilization industries of electromagnetic steel sheets.
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、上記知見に基づいてなされたもので、その要旨は以下のとおりである。
IB_t(d/100)>IB_t(d/10) ・・・式(1)
IB_t(d/100)>IB_t(d/10) ・・・式(1)
C:0.085%以下
Cは、一次再結晶組織の制御に有効な元素であるが、磁気特性に悪影響を及ぼすので、仕上げ焼鈍前に脱炭焼鈍で除去する元素である。最終製品で0.085%を超えると、時効析出し、ヒステリシス損が増大するので、Cは0.085%以下とする。Cは、好ましくは0.070%以下、より好ましくは0.050%以下である。
Siは、鋼板の電気抵抗を高めて、鉄損特性を改善する元素である。0.80%未満では、仕上げ焼鈍時にγ変態が生じ、鋼板の結晶方位が損なわれるので、Siは0.80%以上とする。Siは、好ましくは1.50%以上、より好ましくは2.50%以上である。
Mnは、熱間圧延時の割れを防止するとともに、Sと結合して、インヒビターとして機能するMnSを形成する元素である。Mnが0.05%未満では、添加効果が十分に発現しないので、Mnは0.05%以上とする。好ましくは0.07%以上、より好ましくは0.09%以上である。
酸可溶性Alは、Nと結合して、インヒビターとして機能する(Al、Si)Nを生成する元素である。酸可溶性Alが0.010%未満では、添加効果が十分に発現せず、二次再結晶が十分に進行しないので、酸可溶性Alは0.010%以上とする。酸可溶性Alは、好ましくは0.015%以上、より好ましくは0.020%以上である。
Nは、Alと結合して、インヒビターとして機能するAlNを形成する元素であるが、最終製品で0.0040%以上であると、鋼板中にAlNとして析出し、ヒステリシス損を劣化させるので、0.0040%以下とする。下限は0%を含むが、Nを0.0001%未満に低減すると、製造コストが大幅に上昇するので、実用鋼板上、0.0001%が実質的な下限である。なお、方向性電磁鋼板において、仕上げ焼鈍で、通常、Nは0.0001%程度以下に低減する。
Sは、Mnと結合して、インヒビターとして機能するが、最終製品においてSが、0.0100%超であると、鋼板中にMnSとして析出し、ヒステリシス損を増大させるので、0.0100%以下とする。下限は0%を含むが、Sを0.0001%未満に低減すると、製造コストが大幅に上昇するので、実用鋼板上、0.0001%が実質的な下限である。なお、方向性電磁鋼板において、仕上げ焼鈍で、通常、Sは0.005%程度以下に低減する。
Bは、Nと結合し、MnSと複合析出して、インヒビターとして機能するBNを形成する元素である。
本発明電磁鋼板は、前記母材鋼板上に接して形成され、酸化ケイ素が主体である中間層を備える。本発明電磁鋼板において、中間層は母材鋼板と絶縁皮膜とを密着させる機能を有する。
本発明電磁鋼板は、前記中間層上に接して形成され、リン酸塩とコロイド状シリカとを主体とする絶縁皮膜を備える。本発明電磁鋼板が絶縁皮膜を備えることにより、本発明電磁鋼板に高い面張力を付与することができる。
中間層の表層(以下では、中間層の表層を、単に、中間層表層と呼称することがある。)に存在するBNの平均粒径:50nm以上300nm以下
中間層表層(中間層と絶縁皮膜との界面近傍)に、平均粒径(長軸の長さ)が50nm以上300nm以下であるBNが存在すると、絶縁皮膜密着性(母材鋼板と絶縁皮膜との密着性)が向上する。この理由は明確でないが、仕上げ焼鈍後に存在する酸化層(中間層)、又は、中間層形成熱処理で形成する酸化層(中間層)に上記平均粒径を有するBNが存在することで、酸化層のアンカーとして機能し、絶縁皮膜密着性が向上すると考えられる。
平均粒径50nm以上300nm以下のBNの個数密度は2×106個/mm2以上であることが好ましい。BNの個数密度が2×106個/mm2未満であると、アンカーとして機能するBNの分散が不十分となり、絶縁皮膜密着性の向上効果が十分に得られない。そのため、BNの個数密度は2×106個/mm2以上が好ましい。BNの個数密度は、より好ましくは3×106個/mm2以上である。BNの個数密度は、鋼板のB量により変動するので、特に上限は設けない。
本実施形態に係る方向性電磁鋼板では、絶縁皮膜を除く板厚をdとしたとき、グロー放電発光分析(GDS)で測定し、スパッタリング深さが絶縁皮膜を除く前記鋼板の最表層(中間層の最表面)からd/100の位置に到達するまでのスパッタ時間をt(d/100)とし、スパッタリング深さが中間層の最表面からd/10の位置に到達するスパッタ時間をt(d/10)としたとき、Bの発光強度IBが下記式(1)を満たしている。中間層の最表面からd/100の位置は、鋼板表層に位置し、中間層の最表面からd/10の位置は、鋼板表層よりも母材鋼板側に位置する。よって、Bの発光強度IBが下記式(1)を満たせば、鋼板表層に、BNが十分な量析出していることになるので、鉄損は劣化せず、絶縁皮膜密着性がより向上する。
IB_t(d/100):t(d/100)におけるBの発光強度
IB_t(d/10):t(d/10)におけるBの発光強度
本電磁鋼板の断面構造中の各層を特定するために、SEM又はTEMに取り付けられたEDSを用いて、板厚方向に沿って線分析を行い、各層の化学成分の定量分析を行う。定量分析する元素は、Fe、P、Si、O、Mg、Alの6元素とする。
本発明電磁鋼板の材料であるケイ素鋼スラブは、化学成分として、質量%で、C:0.085%以下、Si:0.80~7.00%、Mn:0.05~1.00%、酸可溶性Al:0.010~0.065%、N:0.0040~0.0120%、S:0.0100%以下、B:0.0005~0.0080%を含有する。
Cは、一次再結晶組織の制御に有効な元素であるが、磁気特性に悪影響を及ぼすので、仕上げ焼鈍前に脱炭焼鈍で除去する元素である。0.085%を超えると、脱炭焼鈍時間が長くなり、生産性が低下するので、Cは0.085%以下とする。Cは、好ましくは0.070%以下、より好ましくは0.050%以下である。
Siは、鋼板の電気抵抗を高めて、鉄損特性を改善する元素である。0.80%未満では、仕上げ焼鈍時にγ変態が生じ、鋼板の結晶方位が損なわれるので、Siは0.80%以上とする。Siは、好ましくは1.50%以上、より好ましくは2.50%以上である。
Mnは、熱間圧延時の割れを防止するとともに、S及び/又はSeと結合して、インヒビターとして機能するMnSを形成する元素である。0.05%未満では、添加効果が十分に発現しないので、Mnは0.05%以上とする。Mnは、好ましくは0.07%以上、より好ましくは0.09%以上である。
酸可溶性Alは、Nと結合して、インヒビターとして機能する(Al、Si)Nを生成する元素である。0.010%未満では、添加効果が十分に発現せず、二次再結晶が十分に進行しないので、酸可溶性Alは0.010%以上とする。酸可溶性Alは、好ましくは0.015%以上、より好ましくは0.020%以上である。
Nは、Alと結合して、インヒビターとして機能するAlNを形成する元素であるが、一方で、冷間圧延時、鋼板中にブリスター(空孔)を形成する元素でもある。0.004%未満では、AlNの形成が不十分となるので、Nは0.004%以上とする。Nは、好ましくは0.006%以上、より好ましくは0.007%以上である。
Sは、Mnと結合して、インヒビターとして機能するMnSを形成する元素である。
下限は特に設けないが、好ましくは0.0030%以上とする。より好ましくは0.0070%以上である。
Bは、Nと結合し、MnSと複合析出して、インヒビターとして機能するBNを形成する元素である。
転炉又は電気炉等で溶製し、必要に応じ、真空脱ガス処理を施した、所要の成分組成の溶鋼を、連続鋳造又は造塊後分塊圧延してケイ素鋼スラブを得る。ケイ素鋼スラブは、通常、150~350mm、好ましくは220~280mmの厚さの鋳片であるが、30~70mmの薄スラブでもよい。薄スラブの場合、熱延板を製造する際、中間厚みに粗加工を行う必要がないという利点がある。
ケイ素鋼スラブを、好ましくは1250℃以下に加熱して、熱間圧延に供する。加熱温度が1250℃を超えると、溶融スケール量が増加するとともに、MnS及び/又はMnSeが完全に固溶し、その後の工程で微細に析出して、所望の一次再結晶粒径を得るための脱炭焼鈍温度を900℃以上とする必要がある。そのため、加熱温度は1250℃以下が好ましい。加熱温度は、より好ましくは1200℃以下である。
1250℃以下に加熱したケイ素鋼スラブを熱間圧延に供して熱延板とする。熱延板焼鈍は、熱延板を1000~1150℃(一段目温度)に加熱して再結晶させた後、続いて、一段目温度より低い850~1100℃(二段目温度)に加熱して焼鈍し、熱間圧延時に生じた不均一組織を均一化する。熱延板焼鈍は、熱延板を最終冷間圧延に供する前に熱間圧延での履歴を均一化するため、1回以上行うことが好ましい。
熱延板焼鈍を施した鋼板に、1回の冷間圧延又は中間焼鈍を挟む2回以上の冷間圧延を施して、最終板厚の鋼板とする。冷間圧延は、常温(10~30℃)で行ってもよいし、常温より高い温度、例えば、200℃程度に鋼板を加熱して温間圧延してもよい。
最終板厚の鋼板に、鋼板中のCの除去と、一次再結晶粒径を所望の粒径に制御することを目的とし、酸化度が0.15未満の湿潤雰囲気中で、脱炭焼鈍を施す。例えば、770~950℃の温度で、一次再結晶粒径が15μm以上となるような時間、脱炭焼鈍を行うことが好ましい。ここで、酸化度とは、雰囲気ガス中のH2Oガスの分圧(PH2O)をH2ガスの分圧(PH2)で割ったもの、すなわち、PH2O/PH2である。
脱炭焼鈍を施した鋼板に、仕上げ焼鈍を施す前に、鋼板のN量が40~1000ppmとなるように、窒化処理を施す。窒化処理方法は、特段制限されず、例えば、脱炭焼鈍を施した鋼板に対して、アンモニアガスにより窒化処理を施すことができる。窒化処理後の鋼板のN量が40ppm未満であると、AlNが十分に析出せず、AlNがインヒビターとして機能しないので、窒化処理後の鋼板のN量は40ppm以上が好ましい。窒化処理後の鋼板のN量は、より好ましくは80ppm以上である。
続いて、窒化処理を施した鋼板にマグネシアを主成分とする焼鈍分離剤を塗布して、仕上げ焼鈍に供する。仕上げ焼鈍により鋼板表面にはフォルステライトからなるグラス皮膜が形成されるが、該皮膜は、酸洗、研削等の手段で除去される。グラス皮膜除去後、好ましくは、鋼板表面を化学研磨又は電界研磨で平滑に仕上げる。
[二次再結晶焼鈍]
仕上げ焼鈍のうち、二次再結晶焼鈍では、BNのインヒビター機能により{110}<001>方位の結晶粒が優先的に成長する。二次再結晶焼鈍は、純化焼鈍温度までの昇温過程において、1000~1100℃の温度域の加熱速度を15℃/時間以下で、焼鈍分離剤が塗布された鋼板を焼鈍する処理である。加熱1000~1100℃の温度域の速度は、より好ましくは10℃/時間以下である。二次再結晶焼鈍では、加熱速度の制御に替えて、焼鈍分離剤が塗布された鋼板を1000~1100℃の温度域に10時間以上保持してもよい。
二次再結晶焼鈍を施した鋼板に、二次再結晶焼鈍に引き続いて、純化焼鈍を施してもよい。二次再結晶完了後の鋼板に純化焼鈍を施すと、インヒビターとして利用した析出物が無害化されて、最終磁気特性におけるヒステリシス損が低減する。純化焼鈍は、例えば、水素雰囲気で、1200℃で10~30時間保定して行うことが好ましい。
BNは、高温域で固溶Bと固溶Nとなり、降温中、固溶できないNは大気中に放出されるが、降温中、固溶できないBは大気中に放出されず、酸化ケイ素主体の中間層を含む鋼板表層又は鋼板内部に、B化合物、例えば、BN、Fe2B、Fe3Bとして析出する。鋼板内部に、固溶Nが十分に存在しない場合には、BNは析出せず、Fe2B又はFe3Bが析出する。
フォルステライト等の無機鉱物質の皮膜(フォルステライト皮膜)を除去した方向性電磁鋼板、又は、フォルステライト等の無機鉱物質の皮膜の生成を抑制した方向性電磁鋼板に焼鈍を施して、母材鋼板表面に酸化ケイ素を主体とする中間層を形成する。
酸化ケイ素主体の中間層にリン酸塩とコロイド状シリカを主体とした水系塗布溶液(絶縁皮膜形成液)を中間層を有する鋼板に塗布した後、当該絶縁皮膜形成液を焼き付けて、絶縁皮膜を形成する。
リン酸塩として、例えば、Ca、Al、Sr等のリン酸塩が好ましいが、中でも、リン酸アルミニウム塩がより好ましい。コロイダルシリカの種類は、特に限定されず、その粒子サイズ(平均粒径)も、適宜選択できるが、200nmを超えると、処理液中で沈降する場合があるので、コロイダルシリカの粒子サイズ(個数基準の平均粒径)は、200nm以下が好ましい。コロイダルシリカの粒子サイズは、より好ましくは170nmである。
絶縁皮膜を形成した方向性電磁鋼板に、鉄損を低減するため、磁区制御を施す。磁区制御方法は特定の方法に限定されないが、例えば、レーザー照射、電子ビーム照射、エッチング、歯車による溝形成法にて、磁区制御を施すことができる。これにより、より低鉄損の方向性電磁鋼板が得られる。磁区制御処理は、冷間圧延後の鋼板に対して施してもよい。
表1-1に示す成分組成の鋼スラブA1~A15を、1150℃に加熱して熱間圧延に供し、板厚2.6mmの熱延鋼板とし、該熱延鋼板に、1100℃で焼鈍し、引続き900℃で焼鈍する熱延板焼鈍を施した後、30℃で一回の冷間圧延又は中間焼鈍を挟む複数回の冷間圧延を施して、最終板厚0.22mmの冷延鋼板とした。
表1-1に示す成分組成の鋼スラブa1~a13を、1150℃に加熱して熱間圧延に供し、板厚2.6mmの熱延鋼板とし、該熱延鋼板に、1100℃で焼鈍し、引続き900℃で焼鈍する熱延板焼鈍を施した後、30℃で一回の冷間圧延又は中間焼鈍を挟む複数回の冷間圧延を施して、最終板厚0.22mmの冷延鋼板とした。
製品中の母材鋼板に含まれる化学成分を表1-2に記載した。母材鋼板の成分は、ICP-AESを用いて測定した。酸可溶性Alは、試料を酸で加熱分解した後の濾液を用いてICP-AESによって測定した。また、C及びSは燃焼-赤外線吸収法を用い、Nは不活性ガス融解-熱伝導度法を用いて測定した。
製品中の母材鋼板に含まれる化学成分を表1-2に記載した。母材鋼板の成分は、鋼No.B1~B15と同様の方法で測定した。
絶縁皮膜を形成した製品に、機械的手法やレーザー、電子ビームを用いて磁区制御を行った。一部の製品には、冷延板に、エッチングやレーザー照射で溝加工を行い磁区制御を行った。
析出物については、鋼板の圧延方向に垂直面の中間層の最表面から5μmまでに観察されるB化合物をSEM-EDSで分析し、BNの粒径と組成を同定した。なお、表2の「BN析出の有無」の項目が○とは球状BN(長軸と短軸との比率が1.5以下のBN)が観察視野中に1個以上存在したことを表し、当該項目が×とは球状BNが観察視野中に0個であったことを表す。
グロー放電発光分析(GDS)でBの発光強度IBを測定した。スパッタリング深さが絶縁皮膜を除く鋼板の最表面からd/100の位置に到達するまでのスパッタ時間をt(d/100)とし、スパッタリング深さが絶縁皮膜を除く鋼板の最表面からd/10の位置に到達するまでのスパッタ時間をt(d/10)としたときの、t(d/100)におけるBの発光強度であるIB_t(d/100)と、t(d/10)におけるBの発光強度であるIB_t(d/10)とを求め、それらの比率であるIB_t(d/100)/IB_t(d/10)を表に記入した。
皮膜密着性は、仕上げ焼鈍後に鋼板上に絶縁皮膜を形成した後、直径の異なる(20mm、10mm、5mm)丸棒に鋼板を巻き付け、各直径における剥離面積率で評価した。剥離面積率は、実際に剥離した面積を、加工部面積(鋼板が丸棒に接する面積で試験幅×丸棒直径×πに相当)で除した比率である。強曲げ加工で絶縁皮膜が剥離しても、その剥離が進展せず、剥離面積率が小さければ、トランス特性の劣化は小さいと評価することができる。
<磁束密度B8>
上述の製法で得られた方向性電磁鋼板に対して、単板磁気測定(SST)により磁束密度B8(800A/mで磁化した際の磁束密度)を測定した。
磁区制御前及び磁区制御後の方向性電磁鋼板から試験片(例えば、100mm×500mmの試験片)を作製し、磁束密度1.7T、周波数50Hzでの励磁条件下で測定された単位重量当たりのエネルギー損失である鉄損W17/50(単位はW/kg)を測定した。
まず、実施例1と同じ方法で方向性電磁鋼板(製品)を作製した。次に、製品に対して、機械的手法やレーザー、電子ビームを用いて磁区制御を行った。
また、平均粒径はSEM-EDSを用いて、板幅方向4μm×板厚方向2μmの視野10視野観察し、BNであることをEDSにて同定した観察視野中の析出物の長軸の長さを測定し、その平均値を平均粒径とした。
さらに、上述と同様の方法でIB_t(d/100)/IB_t(d/10)を測定した。
実施例1及び2と同じ方法で方向性電磁鋼板(製品)を作製した。次に、製品に対して、機械的手法やレーザー、電子ビームを用いて磁区制御を行った。
Claims (2)
- 母材鋼板と;
前記母材鋼板上に接して配され、酸化ケイ素が主体である中間層と;
前記中間層上に接して配され、リン酸塩とコロイド状シリカとを主体とする絶縁皮膜と;
を備え、
前記母材鋼板は、化学成分として、質量%で、
C:0.085%以下;
Si:0.80~7.00%;
Mn:0.05~1.00%;
酸可溶性Al:0.010~0.065%;
N:0.0040%以下;
S:0.0100%以下;
B:0.0005~0.0080%;
を含有し、
残部Fe及び不純物からなり、
前記中間層の表層に、平均粒径が50~300nmであるBNが存在し、
前記母材鋼板と前記中間層との合計厚さをdとし、グロー放電発光分析(GDS)でBの発光強度を測定したとき、スパッタリング深さが前記中間層の最表面からd/100の位置に到達するまでの時間をt(d/100)、前記スパッタリング深さが前記中間層の最表面からd/10の位置に到達するまでの時間をt(d/10)としたとき、
t(d/100)におけるBの発光強度IB_t(d/100)と、t(d/10)におけるBの発光強度IB_t(d/10)とが下記式(1)を満たし、
前記BNの長軸と短軸との比率が1.5以下である
ことを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板。
IB_t(d/100)>IB_t(d/10) ・・・式(1) - 前記中間層の表層における前記BNの個数密度が2×106個/mm2以上である
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
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EP3913086A4 (en) | 2022-11-30 |
JP7339549B2 (ja) | 2023-09-06 |
KR102580249B1 (ko) | 2023-09-20 |
US20220081744A1 (en) | 2022-03-17 |
EP3913086A1 (en) | 2021-11-24 |
KR20210110681A (ko) | 2021-09-08 |
BR112021013597A2 (pt) | 2021-09-28 |
CN113302319B (zh) | 2023-04-14 |
CN113302319A (zh) | 2021-08-24 |
US11952646B2 (en) | 2024-04-09 |
JPWO2020149344A1 (ja) | 2021-12-02 |
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