WO2020098763A1 - 电池包、电池包的制造方法及汽车 - Google Patents

电池包、电池包的制造方法及汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020098763A1
WO2020098763A1 PCT/CN2019/118665 CN2019118665W WO2020098763A1 WO 2020098763 A1 WO2020098763 A1 WO 2020098763A1 CN 2019118665 W CN2019118665 W CN 2019118665W WO 2020098763 A1 WO2020098763 A1 WO 2020098763A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
panel
cover
pack according
box
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/118665
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
阮生甡
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020217018201A priority Critical patent/KR102459828B1/ko
Priority to KR1020227012669A priority patent/KR20220054448A/ko
Publication of WO2020098763A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020098763A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • H01M50/26—Assemblies sealed to each other in a non-detachable manner
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/296—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by terminals of battery packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/298—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the wiring of battery packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the various connectors of the power battery are generally fixed on the case.
  • the connector When the battery pack is subjected to a large impact, the connector may fall off directly from the case, causing a short circuit in the battery's electrical connection circuit, or even causing a fire accident.
  • the connector has a certain weight. During long-term use, the seal between the connector and the housing will fail due to vibration and other reasons.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a battery pack, a battery pack manufacturing method, and an automobile.
  • the battery pack has high safety and sealing reliability.
  • the present application also provides a manufacturing method of the battery pack as described above, the manufacturing method includes: fixing the battery assembly to the box; fixing the end assembly to the box through the bracket; and integrating the battery
  • the body is electrically connected to at least two connectors of the end assembly; the panel of the end assembly is hermetically connected to the box or cover.
  • the present application also provides an automobile including the battery pack as described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembled battery pack shown in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded view of the end assembly and the bracket in the battery pack shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the bracket in the end assembly shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a projection view of the bracket shown in FIG. 4 along direction A;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the assembly effect of the end assembly and the bracket shown in FIG. 1.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack, including: a case 1, a cover 2, a battery assembly 3, an end assembly 4, and a bracket 5.
  • the cabinet 1 has a first accommodating cavity 11, the cover 2 has a second accommodating cavity 21, the cover 2 covers the cabinet 1, and the battery assembly 3 is provided in the first accommodating cavity 11 of the cabinet 1 and the cover 2 In the enclosed space formed by the second accommodating chamber 21.
  • the end assembly 4 includes a panel 41 and at least two connectors 42 fixed on the panel 41.
  • the panel 41 is hermetically connected to the cabinet 1 or the cover 2 and is fixedly connected to the cabinet 1 through a bracket 5.
  • Examples of the connector 42 include but are not limited to: a positive high-voltage connector and a negative high-voltage connector for electrically connecting the battery assembly 3 to a device outside the enclosed space, for example, another battery pack or a high-voltage box; a low-voltage input connector And a low-voltage output connector for detecting the operating voltage, temperature, etc. of the battery assembly 3; and the heating input connector and the heating output connector for heating the battery assembly 3.
  • the end assembly 4 in the embodiment of the present application integrates and fixes the above-mentioned various connectors on one panel 41, does not need to open multiple openings in the box 1 or the cover 2, and has a simple structure and does not need to add extra seals.
  • the sealing reliability of the end assembly 4 and the box 1 or the cover 2 is improved. If the sealing of a single connector fails, only the panel 41 or the corresponding sealing member needs to be replaced, which is easy to operate and helps to reduce maintenance costs.
  • the battery pack also includes safety components such as manual maintenance switches and explosion-proof valves.
  • the end assembly 4 is also provided with safety components, such as manual maintenance switches, explosion-proof valves, and the like.
  • safety components such as manual maintenance switches, explosion-proof valves, and the like.
  • various connectors and safety components are integrated on one panel 41. If the sealing of a single safety component fails, only the panel 41 or the corresponding sealing member needs to be replaced. The operation is simple, which is helpful to reduce maintenance costs and further simplify The overall structure of the battery pack.
  • the bracket 5 supports and stabilizes the end assembly 4, which can prevent the connector 42 from the case 1 or the cover 2 when the battery pack is subjected to a large impact Up off.
  • the battery pack provided in the embodiment of the present application fixes the end assembly 4 integrated with at least two connectors 42 to the cabinet 1 through the bracket 5.
  • the weight of the connector is borne by the bracket 5 and is not easy to fall off. 42
  • the probability of seal failure caused by self-weight pulling improves the sealing reliability and safety of the battery pack.
  • the end assembly 4 can be fixed to the side of the battery pack, such as the side of the case 1 or the side of the cover 2 without fixing At the top of the battery pack, it can also reduce the overall height of the battery pack.
  • the end plate assembly 4 is tightly connected with the cover 2.
  • the cover 2 is provided with a window 22, preferably, the side of the cover 2 is provided with a window 22, the connector 42 is located outside the enclosed space through the window 22, and the panel 41 is covered from the side of the second receiving cavity 21 of the cover 2 When the window 22 is held, the panel 41 is sealedly connected to the cover 2 through the window 22.
  • the battery assembly 3 When assembling, the battery assembly 3 is fixed to the case 1, after the end assembly 4 is assembled to the case 1 through the bracket 5, the connectors and safety components on the end assembly 4 pass through the window 22 of the cover 2, the cover 2 Cover the box 1 again, and seal and connect the two with fasteners and sealing rings, and then seal the connection between the panel 41 of the end assembly 4 and the cover 2, for example, between the window 22 and the panel 41 Set a sealing ring between them, and then apply sealant.
  • the end assembly 4 may be hermetically connected to the tank 1 in a similar manner.
  • the box 1 may be made of a metallic material
  • the cover 2 is made of a non-metallic material.
  • the case 1 made of a metal material can carry the weight of the battery assembly 3.
  • the end assembly 4 is fixed to the box 1 through the bracket 5, and the end assembly 4 is located in the second accommodating cavity 21 of the cover 2, which reduces the structural strength requirements of the cover 2, so the cover Body 2 only needs to meet the sealing requirements. Therefore, the cover body 2 can be made of a non-metallic material with a low density, such as plastic or lightweight composite material, so that the material density of the cover body 2 is smaller than that of the case body 1, thereby reducing the weight of the battery pack.
  • the height of the box 1 made of metal materials can be designed as small as possible while meeting the load-bearing requirements, and the height of the cover 2 made of less dense materials can be designed relatively high, so that the cover
  • the depth of the second accommodating cavity 21 of 2 is greater than the depth of the first accommodating cavity 11 of the box 1, thereby further reducing the weight of the battery pack and helping to increase the energy density of the battery pack.
  • the end assembly 4 integrates and fixes the above-mentioned various connectors 42 and safety components on a panel 41, and is fixed to the cabinet 1 through the bracket 5.
  • the number of the brackets 5 may be two, respectively corresponding to the two sides of the panel 41.
  • the bracket 5 includes a base 51 and a first fixing portion 52 provided on the base 51.
  • the first fixing portion 52 is connected to the panel 41, and the base 51 is connected to the cabinet 1.
  • the first fixing portion 52 is provided with a first mounting hole 521, and a circumferential side of the first mounting hole 521 is provided with a weight reduction groove 522.
  • the panel 41 is provided on the side near the first fixing portion 52
  • There is a convex column 43 and the panel 41 extends into the weight reduction groove 522 through the convex column 43 and is connected to the first fixing portion 52.
  • the boss 43 may be provided with a screw hole, and the fastener is fixed into the screw hole of the boss 43 through the first mounting hole 521.
  • a weight reduction groove 522 is provided on the peripheral side of the first mounting hole 521, which not only reduces the weight of the bracket 5, but also increases the structural strength of the bracket 5.
  • the weight reduction groove 522 may also be provided at other positions of the first fixing portion 52, as shown in FIG. 5, as long as the structural strength of the first fixing portion 52 is not affected.
  • the number of the first mounting holes 521 may be multiple, and a plurality of convex posts 43 are correspondingly provided on the panel 41, some of the convex posts 43 are connected to the corresponding first mounting holes 521 by fasteners
  • some convex posts 43 do not need to be provided with threaded holes, and their length is slightly longer, and can extend into the remaining first mounting holes 521 or weight-reducing grooves 522, so that fasteners or The protrusions 43 are embedded with each other, so that when the end assembly 4 is subjected to vibration or impact, relative rotation between the panel 41 and the first fixing portion 52 can be prevented, so as to improve the reliability of the connection between the panel 41 and the first fixing portion 52.
  • first fixing portion 52 is inclined at a predetermined angle ⁇ relative to the vertical plane, and the angle between the first fixing portion 52 and the base 51 is 90 ° - ⁇ , as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the first fixing portion 52 is inclined with respect to the base 51.
  • the end assembly 4 is disposed on the side of the cover 2, and its panel 41 is located in the second accommodating cavity 21 of the cover 2.
  • the height of the panel 41 in the vertical direction determines the height of the cover 2. According to the principle that the length of the oblique side of the right triangle is greater than the length of the right side, if the panel 41 is inclined, it can also reduce the height of the panel 41 in the vertical direction, thereby reducing the overall height of the battery pack, which is beneficial to further increase the energy density of the battery pack .
  • first fixing portion 52 is further provided with a support post 523 extending toward the panel 41, and the support post 523 is used to support the panel 41.
  • the support post 523 includes a first support post 523a disposed away from the base 51, and the number of the first support post 523a is plural, and the plurality of first support posts 523a are spaced on the first fixing portion 52, 523a may be a cylindrical body or a column body of other shapes.
  • the first support column 523a abuts to the panel 41, thereby preventing the panel 41 from being fixed to the first when the end assembly 4 is vibrated or impacted and the fastener loosens. Relative motion occurs between the parts 52, which further improves the reliability of the connection between the two.
  • the support column 523 further includes a second support column 523b, which is disposed near the base 51, the top end of the second support column 523b extends out of the panel 41, and supports the panel 41 through the side connected to the top end, as shown in FIG. 7 shown.
  • the connector 42 provided on the end assembly 4 has a certain weight.
  • the bracket 5 further includes a second fixing portion 53.
  • the second fixing portion 53 is disposed on the base 51 and intersects the first fixing portion 52.
  • the second fixing portion 53 is disposed perpendicular to the base 51 and the first fixing portion 52, so that one end of the second fixing portion 53 is connected to the base 51 and the other end is connected to the first fixing portion 52, and a stable triangle is formed between the three The structure improves the stability of the bracket 5.
  • the base 51, the first fixing portion 52 and the second fixing portion 53 may be integrally formed to constitute the bracket 5, and the bracket 5 may be manufactured by, for example, but not limited to, die casting.
  • the battery pack further includes a battery monitoring unit 6 electrically connected to the battery assembly 3.
  • the second fixing portion 53 is provided with a second mounting hole 531, and the second fixing portion 53 is connected to the battery monitoring unit 6 through the second mounting hole 531 .
  • the second mounting hole 531 may be a threaded hole or a through hole.
  • the battery monitoring unit 6 is provided with a corresponding mounting hole, and the battery monitoring unit 6 is fixed to the second fixing portion 53 by a fastener.
  • the cabinet 1 is provided with a mounting portion 12, and the base 51 is provided with a third mounting hole 511.
  • the base 51 is connected to the mounting portion 12 of the cabinet 1 through the third mounting hole 511.
  • a plurality of third mounting holes 511 may be provided on the base 51, the mounting portion 12 is provided with positioning posts 121 and screw holes 122 corresponding to the third mounting holes 511, the positioning posts 121 extend into the third mounting holes 511, The screw hole 122 is connected to a fastener that passes through the third mounting hole 511. As shown in FIGS.
  • the base 51 may be provided with three third mounting holes 511, the mounting portion 12 is provided with two screw holes 122 and a positioning post 112, and one positioning post 112 extends into the third mounting hole 511 ,
  • the two threaded holes 122 are connected one-to-one with the fasteners passing through the two third mounting holes 511, and the base 51 and the mounting portion 12 are embedded with each other, thereby preventing the end assembly 4 from being subjected to vibration or impact Relative rotation occurs between the base 51 and the mounting portion 12, thereby improving the reliability of the connection between the base 51 and the mounting portion 12 of the cabinet 1.
  • the battery monitoring unit 6 has heating elements such as capacitors. To avoid thermal runaway, the heat generated by the battery monitoring unit 6 is transferred to the outside air through two heat dissipation channels. One way to dissipate heat is to transfer it to the cabinet 1 through the bracket 5.
  • the battery monitoring unit 6, the bracket 5 and the cabinet 1 can all be made of metal materials with high thermal conductivity. In order to improve the heat dissipation effect, the contact area between the base 51 and the mounting portion 12 of the cabinet 1 can be increased.
  • the cabinet 1 can also be provided with heat dissipation fins, etc., so that the heat is transferred to the outside air through the cabinet 1.
  • bracket 5 is in contact with the panel 41 of the end assembly 4, and the connector 42 on the panel 41 is arranged outside the enclosed space, and can generate convection with the outside air, so that heat can be transferred to the end through the bracket 5
  • the connector 42 of the subassembly 4 is then diffused into the outside air.
  • the battery monitoring unit 6 transfers heat to the cabinet 1 and the end assembly 4 through the bracket 5 respectively, which increases the overall heat capacity and improves the heat dissipation effect.
  • each connector 42 and safety components of the end assembly 4 have a lead wire harness, for example, the positive high voltage connector and the negative high voltage connector need to be electrically connected to the battery assembly 3, the low voltage input connector and the low voltage
  • the output connector needs to be electrically connected to the battery monitoring unit 6, and the heating input connector and the heating output connector need to be electrically connected to the battery assembly 3.
  • a fixed wire structure such as a wire harness clamp can be provided on the panel 42 to sort the wire harness.
  • the second fixing portion 53 is further provided with a through hole 532, and a peripheral edge of the through hole 532 is provided with a protective edge 533 protruding outward.
  • the sorted wire harness can pass through the through hole 532 and be electrically connected to corresponding components.
  • the protective edge 533 can prevent the wire harness from being worn by the edge of the through hole 532 and improve the reliability of the wire harness.
  • the protective edge 533 protrudes relative to the mounting surface of the second fixing portion 53 and the battery monitoring unit 6, which can serve as a limit support when installing the battery monitoring unit 6, and can also prevent the battery monitoring unit 6 from cutting the wire harness .
  • the number of the brackets 5 is at least two, and bumpers 7 are also provided between the brackets 5, and guide grooves may be provided on the bumpers 7 to guide the wiring of the connectors and the safety components ,
  • the bumper 7 can also be provided with some avoidance structures to avoid the wiring harness outlets and harness clamps of connectors and safety components.
  • the bumper 7 can be fixed to the bracket 5 and the battery by means of bonding or fastening with fasteners Between the monitoring unit 6 and the panel 41, to protect the wire harness of the end assembly 4 from being damaged by abrasion, pulling, etc.
  • a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application can design the bracket 5 to have a stable triangular structure, so that the end assembly 4 can be stably and reliably fixed to the box 1 and make full use of space
  • the first fixing portion 52 of the bracket 5 is inclined relative to the vertical plane to further reduce the overall height of the battery pack; in addition, the heat generated by the battery monitoring unit 6 can be effectively transferred to the outside air through the bracket 5
  • the reliability of the battery pack is improved, thereby improving the overall stability of the battery pack. It is conducive to reducing the overall height of the battery pack and reducing the total weight. At the same time, it reduces the maintenance cost and helps to increase the energy density of the battery pack.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a method for manufacturing a battery pack as described above, including:
  • Step S1 Fix the battery assembly 3 to the box 1;
  • Step S2 Fix the end assembly 4 to the cabinet 1 through the bracket 5;
  • Step S3 electrically connect the battery assembly 3 to at least two connectors 42 of the end assembly 4;
  • Step S4 sealingly connect the panel 42 of the end assembly 4 to the box 1 or the cover 2.
  • step S4 sealingly connecting the panel 42 of the end assembly 4 to the cabinet 1 or the cover 2 includes:
  • Step S41 After the at least two connectors 42 of the end assembly 4 are passed through the window 22 of the cover body 2, the cover body 2 is closed to the box body 1;
  • Step S42 The panel 42 is sealedly connected to the window 22 of the cover 2.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide an automobile, which includes the battery pack as described above, which can reduce the height of the entire vehicle, which is beneficial to reducing the running resistance of the entire vehicle, thereby saving driving energy consumption.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及一种电池包、电池包的制造方法及汽车。该电池包包括：箱体；盖体，盖合于箱体；电池集合体，设置于箱体和盖体组成的封闭空间内；支架；端部组件，包括面板和固定于面板上的至少两个连接器，面板与箱体或者盖体密封连接，并通过支架与箱体固定连接。本申请提供的电池包，通过将集成有至少两个连接器的端部组件通过支架将端部组件固定于箱体上，连接器的重量由支架承担，不易脱落，降低了由于连接器自重的拉扯导致的密封失效的概率，提高了电池包的密封可靠性和安全性。

Description

电池包、电池包的制造方法及汽车
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2018年11月15日提交的名称为“电池包”的中国专利申请201811361300.7的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及动力电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种电池包、电池包的制造方法及汽车。
背景技术
随着环保意识的增强和低碳经济的方兴未艾，新能源汽车将成为未来汽车行业的主流。降低整车高度有利于减少整车行驶阻力，从而节省行驶能耗。但降低整车高度的前提是不能影响整车的通过性和舒适性，所以降低的高度很大一部分将会以降低动力电池的整体高度、提升动力电池的能量密度的方式实现。
现有技术中，动力电池的各种连接器一般固定于外壳上，当电池包遭受较大冲击时，连接器有可能会直接从外壳上脱落，导致电池的电连接电路发生短路，甚至引起起火事故。另外，连接器具有一定重量，在长期使用过程中，由于振动等原因会造成连接器与外壳之间的密封失效。
发明内容
本申请的目的是提供一种电池包、电池包的制造方法及汽车，该电池包的安全性和密封可靠性较高。
为此，本申请提供了一种电池包，该电池包包括：箱体；盖体，盖合 于箱体；电池集合体，设置于箱体和盖体组成的封闭空间内；支架；端部组件，包括面板和固定于面板上的至少两个连接器，面板与箱体或者盖体密封连接，并通过支架与箱体固定连接。
另一方面，本申请还提供了一种如前所述的电池包的制造方法，该制造方法包括：将电池集合体固定于箱体；将端部组件通过支架固定于箱体；将电池集合体与端部组件的至少两个连接器电连接；将端部组件的面板与箱体或盖体密封连接。
另一方面，本申请还提供了一种汽车，该汽车包括如前所述的电池包。
本申请提供的一种电池包及其制造方法，将集成有至少两个连接器的端部组件通过支架固定于箱体上，连接器的重量由支架承担，不易脱落，降低了由于连接器自重的拉扯导致的密封失效的概率，提高了电池包的密封可靠性和安全性。另外，本申请提供的汽车，采用如前所述的电池包，可以降低整车高度，有利于减少整车行驶阻力，从而节省行驶能耗。
附图说明
从下面结合附图对本申请的具体实施方式的描述中可以更好地理解本申请，其中：
通过阅读以下参照附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本申请的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显,其中，相同或相似的附图标记表示相同或相似的特征。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种电池包的分解结构示意图；
图2是图1所示的电池包组装后的结构示意图
图3是图1所示的电池包中的端部组件与支架的分解结构示意图；
图4是图3所示的端部组件中的支架的结构示意图；
图5是图4所示的支架沿方向A的投影视图；
图6是图4所示的支架沿方向B的投影视图；
图7是图1所示的端部组件与支架的组装效果示意图。
其中：
1-箱体；
11-第一容纳腔；
12-安装部；
121-定位柱；
122-螺纹孔；
2-盖体；
21-第二容纳腔；
22-窗口；
3-电池集合体；
4-端部组件；
41-面板；
42-连接器；
43-凸柱；
5-支架；
51-底座；
511-第三安装孔；
52-第一固定部；
521-第一安装孔；
522-减重槽；
θ-预定角度；
523-支撑柱；
523a-第一支撑柱；
523b-第二支撑柱；
53-第二固定部；
531-第二安装孔；
532-通孔；
533-防护边；
6-电池监控单元；
7-防撞件。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本申请的各个方面的特征和示例性实施例。下面的详细描述中公开了许多具体细节，以便全面理解本申请。但是，对于本领域技术人员来说，很明显的是，本申请可以在不需要这些具体细节中的一些细节的情况下实施。下面对实施例的描述仅仅是为了通过示出本申请的示例来提供对本申请的更好的理解。本申请决不限于下面所提出的任何具体配置和算法，而是在不脱离本申请的精神的前提下覆盖了元素、部件和算法的任何修改、替换和改进。在附图和下面的描述中，没有示出公知的结构和技术，以便避免对本申请造成不必要的模糊。
为了更好地理解本申请，下面结合图1至图7对本申请实施例的电池包、电池包的制造方法进行详细描述。
请一并参阅图1和图2，本申请实施例提供了一种电池包，包括：箱体1、盖体2、电池集合体3、端部组件4和支架5。
箱体1具有第一容纳腔11，盖体2具有第二容纳腔21，盖体2盖合于箱体1，电池集合体3设置于箱体1的第一容纳腔11和盖体2的第二容纳腔21组成的封闭空间内。
端部组件4包括面板41和固定于面板41上的至少两个连接器42，面板41与箱体1或者盖体2密封连接，并通过支架5与箱体1固定连接。
连接器42的示例包括但不限于：正极高压连接器和负极高压连接器，用于实现电池集合体3与封闭空间外的装置电连接，例如，另一电池包或者高压盒；低压输入连接器和低压输出连接器，用于检测电池集合体3的工作电压、温度等；以及加热电池集合体3的加热输入连接器和加热输出连接器。
本申请实施例中的端部组件4将上述各种连接器集成固定于一个面板41上，不需要在箱体1或者盖体2上开设多种开口，结构简单，无需增加多余的密封件，提高了端部组件4与箱体1或者盖体2的密封可靠性。如果单独一个连接器密封失效，仅更换面板41或者相应的密封件即可，操作简便，有利于降低维修成本。
另外，电池包还包括手动维护开关、防爆阀等安全部件。在一些实施 例中，端部组件4还设置有安全部件，如手动维护开关、防爆阀等。也就是说，各种连接器和安全部件被集成于一个面板41上，如果单独一个安全部件密封失效，仅更换面板41或者相应的密封件即可，操作简便，有利于降低维修成本，进一步简化了电池包的整体结构。
由于端部组件4通过支架5固定于箱体1上，支架5对端部组件4起到支撑和稳固作用，可以避免连接器42在电池包遭受较大冲击时从箱体1或者盖体2上脱落。
本申请实施例提供的电池包，将集成有至少两个连接器42的端部组件4通过支架5固定于箱体1上，连接器的重量由支架5承担，不易脱落，降低了由于连接器42自重的拉扯导致的密封失效的概率，提高了电池包的密封可靠性和安全性。
为了防止连接器42在电池包遭受较大冲击时被碰伤或者脱落，可以将端部组件4固定于电池包的侧面，例如箱体1的侧部或者盖体2的侧部，而不必固定于电池包的顶部，同时还能降低电池包的整体高度。
在一些实施例中，端板组件4与盖体2密封连接。盖体2设置有窗口22，优选地，盖体2的侧部设置有窗口22，连接器42穿过窗口22位于封闭空间外，面板41从盖体2的第二容纳腔21的一侧盖住窗口22，面板41通过窗口22与盖体2密封连接。组装时，电池集合体3固定于箱体1，端部组件4通过支架5组装到箱体1后，端部组件4上的连接器及安全部件穿过盖体2的窗口22后，盖体2再盖合于箱体1上，通过紧固件、密封圈将二者密封连接后，再将端部组件4的面板41与盖体2之间密封连接，例如在窗口22与面板41之间设置密封圈，再涂覆密封胶等。
在另外的实施例中，端部组件4可以类似方式与箱体1密封连接。
在一些实施例中，箱体1可由金属材料制造而成，盖体2由非金属材料制造而成。由金属材料制成的箱体1可承载电池集合体3的重量。在本申请实施例中，端部组件4通过支架5固定于箱体1上，而端部组件4位于盖体2的第二容纳腔21内，降低了盖体2的结构强度要求，故盖体2只需要满足密封要求即可。由此，盖体2可以采用密度较小的非金属材料制造，例如塑料或者轻质复合材料等，使盖体2的材料密度小于箱体1的材 料密度，从而减轻了电池包的重量。
在此基础上，金属材料制造的箱体1在满足承载要求的同时其高度可以设计得尽可能小，而密度较小的材料制造的盖体2的高度可以设计的相对高一些，使得盖体2的第二容纳腔21的深度大于箱体1的第一容纳腔11的深度，从而进一步减轻了电池包的重量，有利于提升电池包的能量密度。
下面结合附图进一步详细描述本申请实施例提供的电池包的具体结构。
请一并参阅图3至图7，如前所述，端部组件4将上述各种连接器42和安全部件集成固定于一个面板41上，并通过支架5固定于箱体1上。支架5的数量可以为两个，分别对应设置于面板41的两侧。
支架5包括底座51和设置于底座51上的第一固定部52，第一固定部52与面板41连接，底座51与箱体1连接。
具体地，第一固定部52上设置有第一安装孔521，第一安装孔521的周侧设置有减重槽522，如图4所示，面板41靠近第一固定部52的一侧设置有凸柱43，面板41通过凸柱43伸入减重槽522内并与第一固定部52连接。凸柱43上可以设置螺纹孔，紧固件穿过第一安装孔521固定至凸柱43的螺纹孔内。第一安装孔521的周侧设置减重槽522，既减轻了支架5的重量，同时也增加了支架5的结构强度。当然，减重槽522还可以设置于第一固定部52的其它位置，如图5所示，只要不影响该第一固定部52的结构强度即可。
作为一种可选的实施方式，第一安装孔521数量可以为多个，面板41上也对应设置多个凸柱43，其中一些凸柱43与相应的第一安装孔521通过紧固件连接，另外一些凸柱43不用设置螺纹孔，且其长度略长，可以伸入其余的第一安装孔521或者减重槽522内，这样面板41与第一固定部52之间通过紧固件或者凸柱43相互嵌入，从而可以在端部组件4因受到振动、冲击时，防止面板41与第一固定部52之间产生相对转动，以提高面板41与第一固定部52连接的可靠性。
进一步地，第一固定部52相对于竖直平面倾斜预定角度θ设置，并且第一固定部52与底座51的夹角为90°-θ，如图6所示。第一固定部52相对于底座51倾斜，外界冲击力作用至第一固定部52时，能够起到一定的 缓冲作用，防止第一固定部52与底座51之间的连接失效甚至断裂。
另外，端部组件4设置于盖体2的侧部，其面板41位于盖体2的第二容纳腔21内，面板41在竖直方向的高度决定了盖体2的高度。根据直角三角形斜边的长度大于直角边的长度的原理，如果面板41倾斜设置，还可以降低面板41在竖直方向的高度，进而降低电池包的整体高度，有利于进一步提升电池包的能量密度。
另外，第一固定部52上还设置有朝向面板41延伸的支撑柱523，支撑柱523用于支撑面板41。
具体地，支撑柱523包括远离底座51设置的第一支撑柱523a，第一支撑柱523a的数量为多个，多个第一支撑柱523a间隔设置于第一固定部52上，第一支撑柱523a可以为圆柱体，也可以为其它形状的柱体，第一支撑柱523a抵靠至面板41，从而在端部组件4受到振动、冲击导致紧固件松动时，防止面板41与第一固定部52之间产生相对运动，进一步提高二者连接的可靠性。
由于支架5除了与面板41固定外，还要固定于箱体1上，故支架5的高度略高于面板41的高度。由此，支撑柱523还包括第二支撑柱523b，第二支撑柱523b靠近底座51设置，第二支撑柱523b的顶端伸出面板41，并通过与顶端连接的侧部支撑面板41，如图7所示。端部组件4上设置的连接器42具有一定的重量，通过充分利用支架5与面板41之间的装配空间，使第二支撑柱523b起到辅助支撑端部组件4的作用，尽可能地实现空间利用率的最大化，进一步提高了端部组件4与支架5之间连接的可靠性。
再次参阅图3和图4，支架5还包括第二固定部53，第二固定部53设置于底座51上，并与第一固定部52相交。优选地，第二固定部53垂直于底座51和第一固定部52设置，使得第二固定部53的一端连接于底座51，另一端连接于第一固定部52，三者间形成稳定的三角形结构体，提高了支架5的稳定性。
进一步优选地，底座51、第一固定部52与第二固定部53可以一体成型设置以构成支架5，支架5可以通过例如但不限于压铸的方式制造。
另外，电池包进一步包括与电池集合体3电连接的电池监控单元6， 第二固定部53上设置有第二安装孔531，第二固定部53通过第二安装孔531与电池监控单元6连接。第二安装孔531可以为螺纹孔，也可以为通孔，电池监控单元6上设置有对应的安装孔，通过紧固件将电池监控单元6固定至第二固定部53。
进一步地，箱体1内设置有安装部12，底座51上设置有第三安装孔511，底座51通过第三安装孔511与箱体1的安装部12连接。
具体来说，底座51上可以设置多个第三安装孔511，安装部12设置有对应于第三安装孔511的定位柱121和螺纹孔122，定位柱121伸入第三安装孔511内，螺纹孔122与穿过第三安装孔511的紧固件连接。如图2和图7所示，底座51上可以设置三个第三安装孔511，安装部12设置两个螺纹孔122和一个定位柱112，一个定位柱112伸入一个第三安装孔511内，两个螺纹孔122与穿过两个第三安装孔511的紧固件一一对应连接，底座51与安装部12二者互相嵌入，从而在端部组件4因受到振动、冲击时，防止底座51与安装部12之间产生相对转动，进而提高底座51与箱体1的安装部12连接的可靠性。
另外，电池监控单元6具有电容等发热元件，为了避免发生热失控现象，电池监控单元6产生的热量通过两种散热途径传递到外界空气中。一种散热途径是，通过支架5传递到箱体1，电池监控单元6、支架5和箱体1均可以选用导热系数高的金属材料制造。为了提高散热效果，可以增大底座51与箱体1的安装部12之间的接触面积，箱体1上也可以设置散热翅片等，从而通过箱体1将热量传递到外界空气中。另一种散热途径是，支架5与端部组件4的面板41接触，而面板41上的连接器42设置于封闭空间之外，可以与外界空气产生对流，从而热量可以通过支架5传递到端部组件4的连接器42，再扩散到外界空气中。电池监控单元6通过支架5将热量分别传递到箱体1和端部组件4，增加了整体热容，提高了散热效果。
另外，由于支架5的第一固定部52与端部组件4的面板41之间、底座51与箱体1的安装部12之间、第二固定部53与电池监控单元6之间均通过紧固件连接，使得各部件均可以通过工具独立拆装，提高了组装与拆 卸的便捷性和可行性。
再次参阅图3和图6，端部组件4的各连接器42及安全部件具有引出线束，例如，正极高压连接器和负极高压连接器需要与电池集合体3电连接，低压输入连接器和低压输出连接器需要与电池监控单元6电连接，加热输入连接器和加热输出连接器需要与电池集合体3电连接等。为了整理线束，防止接线错误，面板42上可以设置线束夹等固线结构，将线束分类整理好。
在一些实施例中，第二固定部53上进一步设置有通孔532，通孔532的周侧设置有向外凸出的防护边533。整理后的线束可以从通孔532穿过，并与相应的部件电连接。防护边533可以防止线束被通孔532的边缘磨损，提高线束的可靠性。另外，防护边533相对于第二固定部53与电池监控单元6的安装面凸出，可以在安装电池监控单元6时起到限位支撑作用，还可以避免电池监控单元6的将线束割破。
在一些实施例中，支架5的数量为至少两个，各支架5之间还设置有防撞件7，防撞件7上可以设置导向槽，用于引导各连接器和安全部件的线束走向，防撞件7上还可以设置一些避让结构，避开连接器和安全部件的线束出口、线束夹等，防撞件7可以通过粘接或者紧固件紧固的方式固定于支架5、电池监控单元6及面板41之间，以保护端部组件4的线束被磨损、拉扯等损坏。
由此，本申请实施例提供的一种电池包，通过将支架5设计为具有稳定三角形结构体的结构形式，可以将端部组件4稳定可靠地固定于箱体1上，并充分利用空间利用率，将支架5的第一固定部52相对于竖直平面倾斜设置，以进一步降低电池包的整体高度；另外，通过支架5可以将电池监控单元6产生的热量有效地传递到外界空气中，提高了电池包的可靠性，进而提高了电池包的整体稳定性。有利于降低电池包的整体高度，减轻总重量，同时，降低了维修成本，有利于提升电池包的能量密度。
另外，本申请实施例还提供了一种如前所述的电池包的制造方法，包括：
步骤S1：将电池集合体3固定于箱体1；
步骤S2：将端部组件4通过支架5固定于箱体1；
步骤S3：将电池集合体3与端部组件4的至少两个连接器42电连接；
步骤S4：将端部组件4的面板42与箱体1或盖体2密封连接。
进一步地，步骤S4中，将端部组件4的面板42与箱体1或盖体2密封连接包括：
步骤S41：将端部组件4的至少两个连接器42穿过盖体2的窗口22后，再将盖体2盖合于箱体1；
步骤S42：将面板42与盖体2的窗口22密封连接。
另外，本申请实施例还提供了一种汽车，该汽车包括如前所述的电池包，可以降低整车高度，有利于减少整车行驶阻力，从而节省行驶能耗。
本领域技术人员应能理解，上述实施例均是示例性而非限制性的。在不同实施例中出现的不同技术特征可以进行组合，以取得有益效果。本领域技术人员在研究附图、说明书及权利要求书的基础上，应能理解并实现所揭示的实施例的其他变化的实施例。在权利要求书中，术语“包括”并不排除其他装置或步骤；物品没有使用数量词修饰时旨在包括一个/种或多个/种物品，并可以与“一个/种或多个/种物品”互换使用”；术语“第一”、“第二”用于标示名称而非用于表示任何特定的顺序。权利要求中的任何附图标记均不应被理解为对保护范围的限制。权利要求中出现的多个部分的功能可以由一个单独的硬件或软件模块来实现。某些技术特征出现在不同的从属权利要求中并不意味着不能将这些技术特征进行组合以取得有益效果。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种电池包，包括：
    箱体；
    盖体，盖合于所述箱体；
    电池集合体，设置于所述箱体和所述盖体组成的封闭空间内；
    支架；
    端部组件，包括面板和固定于所述面板上的至少两个连接器，所述面板与所述箱体或者所述盖体密封连接，并通过所述支架与所述箱体固定连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其中，所述支架包括底座和设置于所述底座上的第一固定部，所述第一固定部与所述面板连接，所述底座与所述箱体连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池包，其中，所述第一固定部相对于竖直平面倾斜预定角度θ设置，并且所述第一固定部与所述底座的夹角为90°-θ。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的电池包，其中，所述第一固定部上设置有第一安装孔，所述第一安装孔的周侧设置有减重槽，所述面板靠近所述第一固定部的一侧设置有凸柱，所述面板通过所述凸柱伸入所述减重槽内并与所述第一固定部连接。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的电池包，其中，所述第一固定部上进一步设置有朝向所述面板延伸的支撑柱，所述支撑柱用于支撑所述面板。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池包，其中，所述支撑柱包括第一支撑柱和第二支撑柱，所述第一支撑柱远离所述底座设置，所述第二支撑柱靠近所述底座设置，所述第一支撑柱抵靠至所述面板，所述第二支撑柱的顶端伸出所述面板，并通过与所述顶端连接的侧部支撑所述面板。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的电池包，其中，所述支架还包括第二固定部，所述第二固定部设置于所述底座上，并与所述第一固定部相交。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池包，其中，所述电池包进一步包括与所述电池集合体电连接的电池监控单元，所述第二固定部上设置有第二安装孔，所述第二固定部通过所述第二安装孔与所述电池监控单元连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池包，其中，所述第二固定部上进一步设置有通孔，所述通孔的周侧设置有向外凸出的防护边，至少两个所述连接器的线束从所述通孔穿过。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的电池包，其中，所述箱体内设置有安装部，所述底座上设置有第三安装孔，所述底座通过所述第三安装孔与所述箱体的所述安装部连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池包，其中，所述安装部设置有对应于所述第三安装孔的定位柱和螺纹孔，所述定位柱伸入所述第三安装孔内，所述螺纹孔与穿过所述第三安装孔的紧固件连接。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其中，所述支架的数量为至少两个，所述支架之间设置有防撞件。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其中，所述盖体上设置有窗口，所述连接器穿过所述窗口位于所述封闭空间外，所述面板通过所述窗口与所述盖体密封连接。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其中，所述箱体的材料密度大于所述盖体的材料密度。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池包，其中，所述箱体由金属材料制造而成，所述盖体由非金属材料制造而成。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其中，所述箱体具有第一容纳腔，所述盖体具有第二容纳腔，所述第二容纳腔的深度大于所述第一容纳腔的 深度。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其中，所述端部组件还包括安全部件。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电池包，其中，所述至少两个连接器和所述安全部件集成固定于所述面板上。
  19. 一种汽车，包括如权利要求1至18任一项所述的电池包。
  20. 一种如权利要求1所述的电池包的制造方法，包括：
    将电池集合体固定于箱体；
    将端部组件通过支架固定于所述箱体；
    将所述电池集合体与所述端部组件的至少两个连接器电连接；
    将所述端部组件的面板与所述箱体或所述盖体密封连接。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的制造方法，其中，将所述端部组件的面板与所述箱体或盖体密封连接包括：
    将所述端部组件的至少两个连接器穿过所述盖体的窗口后，再将所述盖体盖合于所述箱体；
    将所述面板与所述盖体的所述窗口密封连接。
PCT/CN2019/118665 2018-11-15 2019-11-15 电池包、电池包的制造方法及汽车 WO2020098763A1 (zh)

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