WO2020071296A1 - 制御装置、制御方法及びプログラム - Google Patents
制御装置、制御方法及びプログラムInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020071296A1 WO2020071296A1 PCT/JP2019/038417 JP2019038417W WO2020071296A1 WO 2020071296 A1 WO2020071296 A1 WO 2020071296A1 JP 2019038417 W JP2019038417 W JP 2019038417W WO 2020071296 A1 WO2020071296 A1 WO 2020071296A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- unit
- transport
- mounting table
- acceleration
- moving
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 abstract description 204
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/0094—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots involving pointing a payload, e.g. camera, weapon, sensor, towards a fixed or moving target
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0231—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using optical position detecting means
- G05D1/0238—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using optical position detecting means using obstacle or wall sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Programme controls
- B25J9/1615—Programme controls characterised by special kind of manipulator, e.g. planar, scara, gantry, cantilever, space, closed chain, passive/active joints and tendon driven manipulators
- B25J9/162—Mobile manipulator, movable base with manipulator arm mounted on it
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Programme controls
- B25J9/1628—Programme controls characterised by the control loop
- B25J9/1651—Programme controls characterised by the control loop acceleration, rate control
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0426—Programming the control sequence
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0268—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means
- G05D1/0274—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means using mapping information stored in a memory device
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/08—Control of attitude, i.e. control of roll, pitch, or yaw
- G05D1/0891—Control of attitude, i.e. control of roll, pitch, or yaw specially adapted for land vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/50—Machine tool, machine tool null till machine tool work handling
- G05B2219/50393—Floor conveyor, AGV automatic guided vehicle
Definitions
- the disclosed technology relates to a control device, a control method, and a program.
- the dish may collapse or the drink may be spilled due to acceleration or deceleration that occurs during transportation.
- the disclosed technology has been made in view of the above, and aims to safely transport an object to be transported.
- the first control unit controls a moving speed of the moving unit.
- the second control unit moves the transport unit relative to the moving unit according to acceleration or deceleration of the moving unit.
- the transport target can be transported safely.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a transport robot according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a control device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram provided for describing an operation example of the transport robot according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram provided for describing an operation example of the transport robot according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram provided for describing an operation example of the transport robot according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram provided for describing an operation example of the transport robot according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram provided for describing an operation example of the transport robot according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram provided for describing an operation example of the transport robot according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram provided for describing an operation example of the transport robot according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram provided for describing an operation example of the transport robot according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram provided for describing an operation example of the transport robot according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram provided for describing an operation example of the transport robot according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram provided for describing an operation example of the transport robot according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a transport robot according to a fourth embodiment.
- control device a control method, and a program disclosed in the present application
- control method a control method
- program disclosed in the present application are not limited by the embodiment.
- components having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- Example 1 ⁇ Configuration of transport robot> ⁇ Configuration of control device> ⁇ Determining the characteristics of the transported object> ⁇ Determination of mounting table acceleration upper limit and mounting table speed upper limit> ⁇ Operation of transport robot> ⁇ Relationship between forces applied to the object to be transported (Figs. 3 and 4)> ⁇ Countermeasure 1 (Figs. 5 to 7)> ⁇ Countermeasure 1-1 (Fig. 5)> ⁇ Countermeasure 1-2 (Fig. 6)> ⁇ Countermeasure 1-3 (Fig. 7)> ⁇ Countermeasure 2 (Figs.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the transport robot according to the first embodiment.
- the transport robot 1 includes a chassis 11, a mounting table 12, a connection arm 13, and a control device 20.
- the chassis 11 is a moving unit that moves the transport robot 1 along, for example, a floor surface, and has a moving mechanism such as a wheel WH or a caterpillar, for example.
- various types of movable structures such as a walking mechanism composed of two or more legs and a spherical moving mechanism that rotates by itself can be used as the transport robot 1. It is also possible to use a moving unit.
- the control device 20 is mounted in, for example, the chassis 11. Since the chassis 11 and the mounting table 12 are connected by the bending and telescopic connecting arms 13, the chassis 11 and the mounting table 12 can operate independently of each other.
- the transport object CO is mounted on the upper surface of the mounting table 12.
- the transport target CO foods and drinks such as dishes and drinks provided at restaurants are listed.
- the dishes are placed on the mounting table 12 in a state of being served on a plate, and the drinks are mounted on the mounting table 12 while being poured into a glass.
- the transport object CO placed on the mounting table 12 connected to the chassis 11 via the connecting arm 13 is transported as the chassis 11 moves while being mounted on the mounting table 12.
- the mounting table 12 is an example of a “transport unit” that contacts the transport object CO and transports the transport object CO.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the control device according to the first embodiment.
- the control device 20 includes a transport object sensor 21, a characteristic determination unit 22, an external situation sensor 23, an operation determination unit 24, a chassis control unit 25, a mounting table control unit 26, and a storage unit 27.
- the characteristic determining unit 22, the operation determining unit 24, the chassis control unit 25, and the mounting table control unit 26 are realized by, for example, a processor.
- the processor include a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), and an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).
- the characteristic determination unit 22, the operation determination unit 24, the chassis control unit 25, and the mounting table control unit 26 may be realized by an LSI (Large Scale Integrated Circuit) including a processor and peripheral circuits.
- the characteristic determination unit 22, the operation determination unit 24, the chassis control unit 25, and the mounting table control unit 26 may be realized using an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or the like.
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- the storage unit 27 is realized by, for example, a memory.
- Examples of the memory include a random access memory (RAM) such as a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), a read only memory (ROM), and a flash memory.
- RAM random access memory
- SDRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
- ROM read only memory
- flash memory a flash memory
- All or part of each process in the following description of the characteristic determination unit 22, the operation determination unit 24, the chassis control unit 25, and the mounting table control unit 26 is performed by a processor in which the control device 20 has a program corresponding to each process. May be implemented.
- a program corresponding to each process in the following description may be stored in the memory, and the program may be read from the memory and executed by the processor.
- the program is stored in a program server connected to the control device 20 via an arbitrary network, downloaded from the program server to the control device 20 and executed, or stored in a recording medium readable by the control device 20. Then, the program may be read from the recording medium and executed.
- the recording medium readable by the control device 20 includes, for example, a memory card, a USB memory, an SD card, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD, and a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk.
- the program is a data processing method described in an arbitrary language or an arbitrary description method, and may be in any format such as a source code or a binary code. Further, the program is not necessarily limited to a single program, and the functions are achieved by cooperating with a program that is distributed as a plurality of modules or a plurality of libraries or a separate program represented by an OS. Including things.
- the transport object sensor 21 is installed on the upper surface side of the mounting table 12, for example.
- the transport object sensor 21 has, for example, a camera, a depth sensor, and a temperature sensor, acquires an image of the transport object CO placed on the mounting table 12, depth information, and temperature information, and obtains a characteristic of the obtained result. Output to the determination unit 22 and the operation determination unit 24.
- the external condition sensor 23 is installed, for example, on the front side of the chassis 11 in the traveling direction.
- the external situation sensor 23 has, for example, a camera and a depth sensor, detects an obstacle present on the movement path of the transport robot 1, and outputs a detection result to the operation determination unit 24.
- the characteristic determination unit 22 is configured to determine whether or not the transport object CO placed on the mounting table 12 is based on the acquisition result (that is, the image of the transport object CO, the depth information, and the temperature information) input from the transport object sensor 21. And outputs the result of the determination to the operation determining unit 24.
- the storage unit 27 stores in advance the information of the map of the moving range of the transport robot 1 and the information of the destination of the transport robot 1 in the moving range.
- the motion determining unit 24 determines a moving route of the transport robot 1 (that is, a moving route of the chassis 11) (hereinafter, simply referred to as a “moving route”) based on the map information and the destination information stored in the storage unit 27. May be called).
- the operation determining unit 24 may also call the acceleration of the mounting table 12 (hereinafter, “mounting table acceleration”) based on the determination result input from the characteristic determining unit 22 (that is, the characteristic of the transport object CO). ) (Hereinafter sometimes referred to as “mounting table acceleration upper limit”).
- the operation determining unit 24 determines the upper limit value (hereinafter, referred to as “mounting table speed”) of the moving speed of the mounting table 12 (hereinafter, referred to as “mounting table speed”) based on the determination result input from the characteristic determining unit 22. Platform speed upper limit value). Further, the operation determining unit 24 determines where and how to accelerate or decelerate the chassis 11 and the mounting table 12 on the moving route so as not to exceed the mounting table acceleration upper limit value and the mounting table speed upper limit value. . That is, the operation determining unit 24 determines the moving speed or the acceleration of the chassis 11 on the moving path of the chassis 11 before the movement of the chassis 11 is started based on the characteristics of the transport object CO, and the determined result is the chassis control unit 25.
- mounting table speed the upper limit value of the moving speed of the mounting table 12
- the operation determining unit 24 determines where and how to control the mounting table 12 on the movement route based on the determination result (that is, the characteristic of the transport object CO) input from the characteristic determining unit 22. 11 is determined before the start of the movement, and the determination result is output to the mounting table control unit 26. In this way, the operation determining unit 24 determines the operation of the chassis 11 and the mounting table 12 before the movement of the chassis 11 starts.
- the operation determining unit 24 determines the moving speed or acceleration of the chassis 11 and the mounting table 12 on the moving path before the movement of the chassis 11 based on the characteristics of the transport object CO.
- the movement determining unit 24 acquires information from the transport target sensor 21 and the external situation sensor 23 at any time even while the chassis 11 is moving, and determines the status of the transport target CO, the status of obstacles on the moving route, and the like.
- the operation of the chassis 11 and the mounting table 12 may be determined according to the above.
- the mounting table speed upper limit value may be obtained from allowable vibration.
- the chassis controller 25 controls the motor (not shown) of the chassis 11 and driving devices such as the wheels WH to move the chassis 11 according to the determination result of the operation determining unit 24.
- the mounting table control unit 26 controls the operation of the mounting table 12 by controlling the operation of the connecting arm 13 according to the determination result of the operation determining unit 24 during the movement of the transport robot 1, and moves the mounting table 12 forward, backward, left and right. Move up and down in three dimensions.
- the mounting table control unit 26 may move the mounting table 12 in accordance with an instruction from the characteristic determining unit 22 when the characteristic determining unit 22 determines the characteristic of the transport object CO.
- the control device 20 controls the movement of the mounting table 12 connected to the movable chassis 11 by adopting the above configuration.
- the characteristic determining unit 22 instructs the mounting table control unit 26 to temporarily vibrate the mounting table 12 and then obtains the transport target CO acquired by the transport target sensor 21.
- the following characteristics of the transport object CO are determined based on the image, the depth information, and the temperature information.
- the characteristic determination unit 22 determines whether or not the transport target CO has fluidity such as a source, that is, determines whether or not the transport target CO continuously shakes during the movement of the transport robot 1. Is determined as a characteristic of the transport object CO.
- the characteristic determination unit 22 determines the difference in height between the liquid surface and the container, the viscosity of the liquid, and the like as the characteristics of the transport object CO.
- the characteristic determining unit 22 determines, as the characteristic of the transport target object CO, how easily the serving is broken based on the shape (height and shape) of the serving dish. For example, when the shape of the serving is thin and flat, or when the serving is cotton-like, the characteristic determining unit 22 determines that the serving is likely to collapse due to the influence of the wind accompanying the movement of the transport robot 1.
- the characteristic determining unit 22 determines whether or not the arrangement has a certain regularity as the characteristic of the transport target object CO.
- the characteristic determination unit 22 determines whether or not the transport target CO is a high temperature as a characteristic of the transport target CO.
- the characteristic determining unit 22 applies a load to the transport object CO before the movement of the chassis 11 starts, and the transport object sensor 21 before and after the load is applied. May be determined from the difference between the images of the transport object CO acquired by the above (that is, the difference between the image before applying the load and the image after applying the load).
- the load applied to the transport object CO by the control of the mounting table 12 by the mounting table control unit 26 according to the instruction from the characteristic determination unit 22 includes, for example, at least one of acceleration, deceleration, and vibration of the transport object CO. Including.
- the load when the load is applied to the transport object CO, the load is gradually increased starting from the minimum load, thereby preventing the transport object CO from falling or collapsing. For example, it is preferable to minimize the load when carrying the transport object CO while minimizing the load. Further, the extent to which the load on the transport object CO is increased may be set in advance, or may be determined based on information acquired by the transport object sensor 21.
- a fan is provided for sending air to the transport object CO placed on the mounting table 12, a load is applied to the transport object CO by the wind before the movement of the chassis 11 is started, and the arrangement collapses from the difference between the images before and after the load. It is also possible to configure to determine ease.
- the characteristic determination unit 22 determines the characteristics of the transport object CO by applying a load to the transport object CO before the movement of the chassis 11 starts.
- the determination of the characteristics of the transport target CO may be used for the following determination whether the transport target CO can be transported at a specified speed, acceleration, and time before the transport of the transport target CO starts.
- the transport object CO is a dish
- the operation determining unit 24 determines the upper limit of the mounting table acceleration and the upper limit of the mounting table speed based on the characteristics of the transport object CO, for example, as follows.
- the operation determining unit 24 determines the upper limit of the mounting table acceleration to a smaller value as the difference between the liquid level and the height of the container is smaller.
- the operation determination unit 24 determines the mounting table acceleration upper limit to a smaller value as the viscosity of the liquid is smaller.
- ⁇ Also for example, the higher the height of the arrangement, the more easily the arrangement is collapsed. Therefore, the higher the height of the arrangement, the higher the height of the arrangement, and the lower the upper limit of the mounting table acceleration.
- the operation determining unit 24 determines the mounting table speed upper limit value to be smaller than the threshold value.
- the operation determining unit 24 sets the mounting table acceleration upper limit value to be larger than the threshold value. Determine a smaller value.
- the operation determination unit 24 determines the mounting table acceleration upper limit value to be smaller than the threshold value.
- the operation determining unit 24 sets the upper limit of the mounting table acceleration and the upper limit of the mounting table speed to values smaller than the thresholds. decide.
- FIGS. 3 to 10 are diagrams for explaining an operation example of the transport robot according to the first embodiment.
- the operation of the mounting table 12 is controlled by controlling the operation of the connecting arm 13 by the mounting table control unit 26.
- the operation example of the mounting table 12 will be described without the description of the connecting arm 13.
- the inertial force F since the inertial force F is applied laterally ( ⁇ X direction) to the transport target CO, the transport target CO may be shifted from the mounting table 12 or the transport target CO may fall.
- the inertial force F is a load in a direction different from the gravity mg always applied to the transport object CO, when the transport object CO is a dish, the inertia force F becomes a factor that breaks the serving of the dish. .
- the following measures 1 to 3 are taken to reduce the lateral load applied to the transport object CO, preferably to 0 (zero).
- the unit of speed is [cm / s] and the unit of acceleration is [cm / s 2 ].
- ⁇ Countermeasure 1 (Figs. 5 to 7)> Since the inertial force applied to the transport object CO is proportional to the acceleration of the transport object CO, in the countermeasure 1, the mounting table control unit 26 is independent of the chassis 11 to reduce the absolute value of the acceleration of the transport object CO.
- the operable mounting table 12 is moved with respect to the chassis 11 whose operation is controlled by the chassis control unit 25 as follows.
- the measure 1 will be described by dividing it into measures 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3 (FIGS. 5, 6, and 7).
- the acceleration of the chassis 11 may be referred to as “chassis acceleration”
- the speed of the chassis 11 may be referred to as “chassis speed”.
- ⁇ Countermeasure 1-1 (Fig. 5)>
- time t1 is one second after time t0
- time t2 is 1.5 seconds after time t0
- the control unit 25 starts accelerating the chassis 11.
- the measure 1-1 is, for example, to take the time when the chassis 11 starts to move or change its direction due to the design of the drive system of the chassis 11 or that the chassis 11 starts to move before the chassis 11 starts to move in consideration of safety. This is particularly useful when notifying the surroundings with sound.
- ⁇ Countermeasure 1-2 (Fig. 6)>
- time t12 is 0.5 seconds after time t11
- time t13 is one second after time t11
- the mounting table 12 when the positional relationship between the mounting table 12 and the chassis 11 is fixed (that is, when the mounting table 12 performs the same movement as the chassis 11), the mounting table 12 The load of the acceleration -100 is applied to the transport object CO to be placed.
- the load applied to the transport object CO mounted on the mounting table 12 is reduced by an acceleration of ⁇ 50. Load can be reduced.
- the chassis 11 starts decelerating at time t11 and stops at time t13, which is one second after time t11, whereas the mounting table 12 starts decelerating at time t11 and starts at time t11. It stops at time t14 two seconds after. Therefore, when the mounting table 12 is decelerated as shown in FIG. 6 with respect to the chassis 11 that is decelerated as shown in FIG. 6, the mounting table 12 moves with respect to the chassis 11 with respect to the chassis 11 in two seconds from time t11 to t14. Move by 50 cm in the direction (+ X direction). That is, in FIG. 6, when the load applied to the transport object CO mounted on the mounting table 12 is reduced by half from the load of the acceleration of ⁇ 100 to the load of the acceleration of ⁇ 50, the mounting table control unit 26 sets the The table 12 is moved by 50 cm with respect to the chassis 11.
- ⁇ Countermeasure 1-3 (Fig. 7)>
- time t22 is 0.05 seconds after time t21
- time t23 is 0.1 seconds after time t21
- the mounting table 12 A load of an acceleration of -1000 is applied to the mounted transport object CO.
- the load applied to the transport object CO mounted on the mounting table 12 is reduced by an acceleration of -500. Load can be reduced.
- the chassis 11 starts decelerating at time t21 and stops at time t23, which is 0.1 seconds after time t21, whereas the mounting table 12 starts decelerating at time t21. It stops at time t24 0.2 seconds after time t21. Accordingly, when the mounting table 12 is decelerated as shown in FIG. 7 with respect to the chassis 11 that is decelerated as shown in FIG. 7, the mounting table 12 is moved relative to the chassis 11 for 0.2 seconds from time t21 to t24. 5 cm in the traveling direction (+ X direction). That is, in FIG.
- the mounting table control unit 26 It is sufficient to move the table 12 by 5 cm with respect to the chassis 11.
- the amount of movement of the mounting table 12 with respect to the chassis 11 is reduced in comparison with the measure 1-2 in halving the load applied to the transport object CO as in the measure 1-2. It can be reduced to one tenth. Therefore, the measure 1-3 is particularly useful in a case where an obstacle suddenly occurs in the traveling direction of the transport robot 1 and the chassis 11 must be suddenly stopped.
- Countermeasure 2 when the chassis 11 is accelerated, the mounting table controller 26 moves the mounting table 12 in the vertical direction ( ⁇ Y direction) so that the side surface S1 of the chassis 11 in the traveling direction is It is inclined so as to be lower than the side surface S2 on the side opposite to the traveling direction. That is, the mounting table control unit 26 tilts the mounting table 12 in the same direction as the traveling direction of the chassis 11 when the chassis 11 is accelerated.
- the mounting table control unit 26 performs, for example, Equation (1) or Equation (2) when the chassis 11 is accelerated.
- the mounting table control unit 26 tilts the mounting table 12 in the same direction as the traveling direction of the chassis 11, so that the transport object CO mounted on the mounting table 12 has a component corresponding to the inertial force F.
- the force K1 and the component K2 of gravity can be balanced. Accordingly, for example, when the chassis 11 is accelerated, the mounting table controller 26 sets the angle ⁇ 1 to a larger value as the acceleration a in the same direction as the traveling direction of the chassis 11 is larger.
- the mounting table controller 26 tilts the mounting table 12 so that the side surface S2 is lower than the side surface S1 in the vertical direction ( ⁇ Y direction), as shown in FIG. That is, the mounting table control unit 26 tilts the mounting table 12 in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the chassis 11 when the chassis 11 is decelerated.
- the mounting table control unit 26 performs, for example, Equation (3) or Equation (4) when the chassis 11 is decelerated.
- the mounting table control unit 26 tilts the mounting table 12 in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the chassis 11, so that the transport object CO mounted on the mounting table 12 has a component corresponding to the inertial force F.
- the force K1 and the component K2 of gravity can be balanced.
- the mounting table control unit 26 sets the angle ⁇ 2 to a larger value as the acceleration a in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the chassis 11 is larger.
- the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 increase as the absolute value of the acceleration a increases.
- the absolute value of the acceleration a may suddenly increase, for example, when an obstacle suddenly occurs in the traveling direction of the transport robot 1 and the chassis 11 must be suddenly stopped.
- the mounting table control unit 26 rapidly increases the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 in accordance with the sudden increase of the absolute value of the acceleration a. An increase in the lateral load on the object CO can be suppressed.
- angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 suddenly increase, for example, when the object to be transported placed on the mounting table 12 is a dish, the serving of the dish may be broken. Further, the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 need to be appropriately increased or decreased in accordance with the acceleration, and a sharp increase or decrease requires more precise timing control. If the timing is shifted, a load is applied to the transport object CO mounted on the mounting table 12.
- measures 2 and 1 are used together in order to suppress the increase of the inclination angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 of the mounting table 12. Is preferred.
- a load of “1 / cos ⁇ 1” times mxg is applied to the transport object CO vertically downward with respect to the mounting surface of the mounting table 12 having the gravity of mg.
- the angle ⁇ 1 takes a value of 0 ° to 90 °
- “1 / cos ⁇ 1” is 1 to ⁇ .
- the angle ⁇ 1 increases, and “1 / cos ⁇ 1” increases.
- the mounting table control unit 26 moves the mounting table 12 in a direction perpendicular to the mounting surface at the same time as tilting the mounting table 12 according to the countermeasure 2 according to the acceleration or deceleration of the chassis 11. Let it. For example, when the chassis 11 is accelerated or decelerated, the mounting table controller 26 tilts the mounting table 12 in accordance with the measure 2 and simultaneously accelerates the mounting table 12 vertically downward with respect to the mounting surface.
- the first embodiment has been described above.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram provided for describing an operation example of the transport robot according to the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, measures 1, 2, and 3 are performed together.
- time t34 is 0 at time t31.
- the mounting table control unit 26 linearly increases the mounting table acceleration A2 from time t31 to time t33.
- the mounting table acceleration A2 at time t32 is -250
- the mounting table speed V2 is 99.375.
- the mounting table acceleration A2 becomes -500
- the mounting table speed V2 becomes 97.5.
- the mounting table speed V2 of the mounting table 12 at time t34 when the chassis 11 stops is 52.5
- the mounting table speed V2 at time t35 is 2.5.
- the mounting table control unit 26 gradually reduces the mounting table acceleration A2 of the mounting table 12 to set the mounting table acceleration V2 to 0 in synchronization with the stop of the mounting table 12 at time t37.
- the mounting table control unit 26 linearly decreases the mounting table acceleration A2 from time t35 to time t37.
- the mounting table acceleration A2 at time t36 is -250
- the mounting table speed V2 is 0.625.
- the mounting table control unit 26 gradually increases the inclination of the mounting table 12 with respect to the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the chassis 11 in accordance with the increase in the mounting table acceleration A2 during the time t31 to t33.
- the angle ⁇ of the mounting table 12 at time t32 is ⁇ A
- the angle ⁇ of the mounting table 12 at time t33 is an angle ⁇ B larger than ⁇ A.
- the mounting table control unit 26 keeps the angle ⁇ at ⁇ B during the time t33 to t35 when the mounting table acceleration A2 is constant, and thereafter, during the time t35 to t37, in accordance with the decrease in the mounting table acceleration A2.
- the angle ⁇ of the mounting table 12 at time t36 is ⁇ A.
- the mounting table control unit 26 accelerates the mounting table 12 vertically downward with respect to the mounting surface from time t31 when the mounting table 12 starts to decelerate to time t37 when the mounting table 12 stops. Specifically, the mounting table control unit 26 controls the mounting table 12 to accelerate downwardly in the vertical direction with respect to the mounting surface (the mounting table acceleration) from time t31 to time t33 when the mounting table acceleration A2 is gradually increased. A2 ′) is given while gradually increasing. Next, the mounting table control unit 26 keeps the mounting table acceleration A2 'constant during the time t33 to t35 when the mounting table acceleration A2 is constant.
- the mounting table control unit 26 decreases the mounting table acceleration A2 ′ with respect to the mounting table 12 from time t35 to time t37 when the mounting table acceleration A2 is gradually reduced, and then the mounting table 12 stops in the horizontal direction.
- the mounting table acceleration A2 ′ is set to 0.
- the chassis 11 To a predetermined height h7.
- the vertical downward speed (mounting table acceleration V2 ′) is x.
- the mounting table control unit 26 moves the mounting table 12 vertically upward from time t37 to t38 when the horizontal movement of the mounting table 12 is stopped and the mounting table 12 becomes parallel to the horizontal direction.
- the mounting table A2 ′ y. Accordingly, the mounting table 12 is completely stopped with respect to the chassis 11 at time t38 which is “0.21+ (x / y)” seconds after time t31.
- the height h8 of the mounting table 12 with respect to the chassis 12 may be, for example, 0.
- FIGS. 11 and 12 are diagrams for explaining an operation example of the transport robot according to the third embodiment.
- the case where the mounting table 12 is moved within the range of the width of the chassis 11 has been described as an example (FIGS. 5, 6, 7, and 10).
- the moving range of the mounting table 12 is not limited to the range of the horizontal width of the chassis 11, and the mounting table control unit 26 moves the mounting table 12 beyond the horizontal width of the chassis 11 as shown in FIGS. You may let it.
- the third embodiment has been described above.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the transport robot according to the fourth embodiment.
- the transport robot 2 includes a chassis 11, a hand 16, a connecting arm 15, and a control device 20.
- various movable components can be used as the moving unit of the transport robot 2 instead of the chassis 11. Since the chassis 11 and the hand 16 are connected by the connecting arm 15 that is bendable and extendable, the chassis 11 and the hand 16 can operate independently of each other.
- the hand 16 grips the transport object CO.
- the transport object CO gripped by the hand 16 connected to the chassis 11 via the connection arm 15 is transported as the chassis 11 moves while being gripped by the hand 16.
- the hand 16 is an example of a “transport unit” that contacts the transport target CO and transports the transport target CO.
- the transport robot 2 according to the fourth embodiment includes the hand 16 instead of the mounting table 12 included in the transport robot 1 according to the first embodiment (FIG. 1).
- the control device 20 according to the fourth embodiment includes a “hand control unit” instead of the “mounting table control unit 26” in FIG.
- the hand control unit performs the same control on the hand 16 as the control performed on the mounting table 12 by the mounting table control unit 26 in the first to third embodiments.
- the fourth embodiment has been described above.
- the disclosed technology is applicable not only when the transport robots 1 and 2 go straight, but also when the vehicle decelerates and accelerates simultaneously in different directions when turning.
- the disclosed technology can be applied in accordance with the inertial force that acts at that time.
- the fifth embodiment has been described above.
- the chassis control unit 25 controls the moving speed of the chassis 11.
- the mounting table control unit 26 moves the mounting table 12 with respect to the chassis 11 according to acceleration or deceleration of the chassis 11.
- the mounting table control unit 26 accelerates the mounting table 12 in the same direction as the traveling direction of the chassis 11 when accelerating the chassis 11 (FIG. 5), and in the opposite direction to the traveling direction of the chassis 11 when decelerating the chassis 11.
- the mounting table 12 is accelerated (FIGS. 6 and 7).
- the load applied to the transport object CO placed on the mounting table 12 as the transport robot 1 moves can be reduced, so that the transport object CO can be transported safely.
- the mounting table controller 26 sets the absolute value
- 100, FIG. 6:
- 100, FIG. 7:
- 1000), the mounting table 12 is accelerated or decelerated with an absolute value acceleration
- 50, FIG. 6:
- 50, FIG. 7:
- 500) smaller than the absolute value. .
- the relative acceleration of the mounting table 12 with respect to the chassis 11 can be set to an appropriate acceleration in reducing the load on the transport object CO mounted on the mounting table 12.
- the mounting table control unit 26 starts accelerating the mounting table 12 before the chassis control unit 25 starts accelerating the chassis 11 (FIG. 5). By doing so, it is possible to reduce the load on the transport object CO when the movement of the stopped chassis 11 is started.
- the mounting table controller 26 controls the movement of the mounting table 12 so that the mounting table 12 is stopped with respect to the chassis 11 when the chassis controller 25 stops accelerating or decelerating the chassis 11. (FIGS. 5, 6, 7). By doing so, it is possible to reduce the load on the transport object CO when the moving speed of the chassis 11 becomes constant, and the mounting table 12 moves beyond the movable range of the connecting arm 13 with respect to the chassis 11. And trying to move can be prevented.
- the mounting table control unit 26 changes the angle of the mounting table 12 with respect to the horizontal direction according to acceleration or deceleration of the chassis 11. For example, the mounting table control unit 26 tilts the mounting table 12 in the same direction as the traveling direction of the chassis 11 when accelerating the chassis 11 (FIG. 8), and mounts the mounting table 12 in the opposite direction to the traveling direction of the chassis 11 when decelerating the chassis 11. The table 12 is tilted (FIG. 9). By doing so, the load on the transport object CO can be further reduced.
- the mounting table control unit 26 sets the direction parallel to the mounting surface of the mounting table 12 to be parallel to the direction of the combined acceleration obtained by combining the horizontal acceleration acting on the transport object CO and the gravitational acceleration.
- the angle of the mounting table 12 with respect to the horizontal direction is changed. By doing so, the angle of the mounting table 12 with respect to the horizontal direction can be controlled to an angle that can minimize the load on the load CO.
- the mounting table controller 26 moves the mounting table 12 in a direction perpendicular to the mounting surface according to acceleration or deceleration of the chassis 11. For example, the mounting table controller 26 accelerates the mounting table 12 vertically downward with respect to the mounting surface when the chassis 11 is accelerated or decelerated. By doing so, the load on the transport object CO can be further reduced.
- the operation determining unit 24 determines the moving speed or the acceleration of the chassis 11 on the moving route before the movement of the chassis 11 based on the characteristics of the transported object CO. By doing so, the transport object CO can be transported at an appropriate moving speed or acceleration based on the characteristics of the transport object CO.
- the characteristic determination unit 22 determines the characteristics of the transport object CO by applying a load to the transport object CO before the movement of the chassis 11 starts. In this way, the characteristics of the transport object CO can be accurately determined.
- a control device for controlling the movement of a transport unit connected to a movable moving unit A first control unit that controls the moving speed of the moving unit, A second control unit that moves the transport unit with respect to the moving unit according to acceleration or deceleration of the moving unit, A control device comprising: (2) The second control unit provides the transport unit with an acceleration in a direction opposite to the direction of the acceleration that the first control unit provides to the moving unit, The control device according to (1). (3) The second control unit accelerates or decelerates the transport unit with an acceleration having an absolute value smaller than the absolute value of the acceleration given to the moving unit by the first control unit. The control device according to (1) or (2).
- the second control unit starts the acceleration of the transport unit before the first control unit starts the acceleration of the moving unit, The control device according to any one of (1) to (3).
- the second control unit controls the movement of the transport unit so that the transport unit is stopped with respect to the movable unit when the first control unit stops accelerating or decelerating the movable unit. Do The control device according to (4).
- the second control unit performs deceleration of the transport unit even after the first control unit finishes deceleration of the moving unit, The control device according to any one of (1) to (5).
- the second control unit changes an angle of the transport unit with respect to a horizontal direction according to acceleration or deceleration of the moving unit, The control device according to any one of (1) to (6).
- the second control unit tilts the transport unit in the same direction as the traveling direction when accelerating the moving unit, and tilts the transport unit in a direction opposite to the traveling direction when decelerating the moving unit.
- the control device according to (7). The second control unit is such that the mounting surface of the transport object in the transport unit is perpendicular to a direction of a combined force obtained by combining a horizontal inertial force and gravity acting on the transport object. Changing the angle of the carrier, The control device according to (7) or (8). (10) The second control unit, in response to acceleration or deceleration of the moving unit, to move the transport unit in a direction perpendicular to the mounting surface of the transport unit, The control device according to any one of (1) to (9).
- the second control unit during acceleration or deceleration of the moving unit, accelerates the transport unit vertically downward with respect to the mounting surface of the transport unit, The control device according to (10).
- a determination unit that determines the characteristics of the transport target transported using the transport unit, A determining unit that determines the moving speed or acceleration on the moving route of the moving unit before the moving unit starts moving, based on the characteristic;
- the control device according to any one of (1) to (11), further comprising: (13)
- the determining unit determines the characteristic by applying a load to the transport target using the transport unit before the movement of the moving unit starts, The control device according to (12).
- the load includes at least one of acceleration, deceleration, and vibration of the object to be transported, The control device according to (13).
- a control method for controlling movement of a transport unit connected to a movable moving unit, Moving the transport unit relative to the moving unit according to acceleration or deceleration of the moving unit Control method.
- a program for controlling movement of a transport unit connected to a movable movable unit, Moving the transport unit relative to the moving unit according to acceleration or deceleration of the moving unit A program for causing a control device to execute processing.
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Abstract
Description
[実施例1]
<運搬ロボットの構成>
<制御装置の構成>
<運搬対象物の特性の判断>
<載置台加速度上限値及び載置台速度上限値の決定>
<運搬ロボットの動作>
<運搬対象物にかかる力の関係(図3,4)>
<対策1(図5~7)>
<対策1-1(図5)>
<対策1-2(図6)>
<対策1-3(図7)>
<対策2(図8,9)>
<対策3>
[実施例2]
<運搬ロボットの動作>
[実施例3]
<運搬ロボットの動作>
[実施例4]
<運搬ロボットの構成>
[実施例5]
<運搬ロボットの動作>
[開示の技術の効果]
<運搬ロボットの構成>
図1は、実施例1の運搬ロボットの構成例を示す図である。図1において、運搬ロボット1は、シャシー11と、載置台12と、連結アーム13と、制御装置20とを有する。シャシー11は、運搬ロボット1を例えば床面に沿って移動させる移動部であり、その移動手段として、例えば車輪WHやキャタピラなどによる走行機構を有する。ただし、シャシー11による走行機構に代えて、2本以上の脚などで構成された歩行機構や、それ自体が回転して移動する球体状の移動機構など、移動可能な種々の構成を運搬ロボット1の移動部とすることも可能である。
図2は、実施例1の制御装置の構成例を示す図である。図2において、制御装置20は、運搬対象物センサ21と、特性判断部22と、外部状況センサ23と、動作決定部24と、シャシー制御部25と、載置台制御部26と、記憶部27とを有する。
特性判断部22は、例えば、シャシー11の移動開始前に、載置台制御部26に指示して載置台12を一時的に振動させた上で運搬対象物センサ21により取得された運搬対象物COの画像、奥行情報及び温度情報に基づいて、運搬対象物COの以下のような特性を判断する。
動作決定部24は、運搬対象物COの特性に基づいて、載置台加速度上限値及び載置台速度上限値を例えば以下のように決定する。
図3~図10は、実施例1の運搬ロボットの動作例の説明に供する図である。なお、上記のように、運搬ロボット1においては、載置台制御部26によって連結アーム13の動作が制御されることにより載置台12の動作が制御される。しかし、以下の図3~図12を用いた動作例の説明では、説明が煩雑になることを避けるために、連結アーム13の説明を省いて載置台12の動作例を説明する。
図3に示すように、運搬対象物COが静止した状態にある場合は、質量mの運搬対象物COに対して、重力mgと、載置台12からの表面抗力Nとがかかり、「N=mg」となる。
運搬対象物COにかかる慣性力は運搬対象物COの加速度に比例するため、対策1では、載置台制御部26は、運搬対象物COの加速度の絶対値を小さくするために、シャシー11と独立して動作可能な載置台12を、シャシー制御部25により動作が制御されるシャシー11に対して以下のように移動させる。以下、対策1を対策1-1,1-2,1-3(図5,6,7)に分けて説明する。以下では、シャシー11の加速度を「シャシー加速度」と呼び、シャシー11の速度を「シャシー速度」と呼ぶことがある。
例えば、図5に示すように、時刻t0,t1においてシャシー速度V1=0で静止状態にあるシャシー11が、進行方向に向かって時刻t1においてシャシー加速度A1=100で加速し始め、時刻t2においてシャシー加速度A1をA1=100で一定に保ったまま加速し続け、時刻t3において加速を終えて一定のシャシー速度V1=100に達する場合を想定する。ここで、例えば、時刻t1は時刻t0の1秒後、時刻t2は時刻t0の1.5秒後、時刻t3は時刻t0の2秒後であるとする。よって、シャシー速度V1は、時刻t2でV1=50となり、時刻t3でV1=100となる。
例えば、図6に示すように、進行方向に向かってシャシー速度V1=100で移動中にあるシャシー11が、時刻t11においてシャシー加速度A1=-100で減速し始め、時刻t12においてシャシー加速度A1をA1=-100で一定に保ったまま減速し続け、時刻t13において停止する場合を想定する。ここで、例えば、時刻t12は時刻t11の0.5秒後、時刻t13は時刻t11の1秒後、時刻t14は時刻t11の2秒後であるとする。よって、シャシー速度V1は、時刻t12でV1=50となり、時刻t13でV1=0となる。
例えば、図7に示すように、進行方向に向かってシャシー速度V1=100で移動中にあるシャシー11が、時刻t21においてシャシー加速度A1=-1000で減速し始め、時刻t22においてシャシー加速度A1をA1=-1000で一定に保ったまま減速し続け、時刻t23において停止する場合を想定する。ここで、例えば、時刻t22は時刻t21の0.05秒後、時刻t23は時刻t21の0.1秒後、時刻t24は時刻t21の0.2秒後であるとする。よって、シャシー速度V1は、時刻t22でV1=50となり、時刻t23でV1=0となる。
対策2では、載置台制御部26は、シャシー11の加速時には、図8に示すように、載置台12を、鉛直方向(±Y方向)においてシャシー11の進行方向側の側面S1がシャシー11の進行方向と逆方向側の側面S2よりも下になるように傾ける。つまり、載置台制御部26は、シャシー11の加速時には、載置台12を、シャシー11の進行方向と同方向に傾ける。
a = g×sinθ1/cosθ1 = g×tanθ1 …(2)
a = g×sinθ2/cosθ2 = g×tanθ2 …(4)
a = g×tan(ωt) …(5)
上記のように、対策2を採ることで運搬対象物COへの横向きの負荷を0(ゼロ)にすることが可能である。しかし、対策2を採った場合の運搬対象物COにかかる載置台12の載置面に対して垂直方向下向きの負荷は、運搬対象物COが停止中や等速移動中にある場合に運搬対象物COにかかる負荷「m×g」よりも大きいものになる。例えば、上記の図8の例では、運搬対象物COに対し、重力mgの載置台12の載置面に対して垂直方向下向きの分力「m×g×cosθ1」と、慣性力F(=ma)の載置台12の載置面に対して垂直方向下向きの分力「m×a×sinθ1」との和の力「m×g×cosθ1+m×a×sinθ1」が、載置台12の載置面に対して垂直方向下向きにかかることとなる。
m×g×cosθ1+m×a×sinθ1=m×g×cosθ1+m×(g×sinθ1/cosθ1)×sinθ1
=m×g×(cosθ1+(sinθ1)2/cosθ1)
=m×g×(cosθ1+(1-(cosθ1)2)/cosθ1)
=m×g/cosθ1 …(6)
<運搬ロボットの動作>
図10は、実施例2の運搬ロボットの動作例の説明に供する図である。実施例2では、対策1,2,3を併せて行う。
<運搬ロボットの動作>
図11,12は、実施例3の運搬ロボットの動作例の説明に供する図である。
<運搬ロボットの構成>
図13は、実施例4の運搬ロボットの構成例を示す図である。図4において、運搬ロボット2は、シャシー11と、ハンド16と、連結アーム15と、制御装置20とを有する。なお、実施例1と同様、シャシー11に代えて、移動可能な種々の構成を運搬ロボット2の移動部とすることも可能である。シャシー11とハンド16とは屈曲及び伸縮自在な連結アーム15により連結されているため、シャシー11とハンド16とは互いに独立して動作可能である。ハンド16は、運搬対象物COを把持する。連結アーム15を介してシャシー11と連結されたハンド16に把持された運搬対象物COは、ハンド16に把持された状態で、シャシー11の移動に伴って運搬される。ハンド16は、運搬対象物COに接触して運搬対象物COを運搬する「運搬部」の一例である。
<運搬ロボットの動作>
開示の技術は、運搬ロボット1,2が停止中から移動開始するとき、及び、移動中から停止するときだけでなく、移動経路上のあらゆる地点において適用可能である。
以上のように開示の技術では、運搬ロボット1に搭載される制御装置20において、シャシー制御部25は、シャシー11の移動速度を制御する。載置台制御部26は、シャシー11の加速または減速に応じて載置台12をシャシー11に対して移動させる。例えば、載置台制御部26は、シャシー11の加速時にはシャシー11の進行方向と同方向に載置台12を加速させる一方で(図5)、シャシー11の減速時にはシャシー11の進行方向と逆方向に載置台12を加速させる(図6,7)。こうすることで、載置台12に載置される運搬対象物COに対して運搬ロボット1の移動に伴ってかかる負荷を軽減することができるため、運搬対象物COを安全に運搬することができる。特に、盛り付けられた料理のように崩れやすい運搬対象物COを崩壊させることなく運搬することができる。
(1)
移動可能な移動部と連結された運搬部の移動を制御する制御装置であって、
前記移動部の移動速度を制御する第一制御部と、
前記移動部の加速または減速に応じて前記運搬部を前記移動部に対して移動させる第二制御部と、
を具備する制御装置。
(2)
前記第二制御部は、前記第一制御部が前記移動部に対して与える加速度の向きと逆向きの加速度を前記運搬部に与える、
前記(1)に記載の制御装置。
(3)
前記第二制御部は、前記第一制御部が前記移動部に与える加速度の絶対値よりも小さい絶対値の加速度で前記運搬部を加速または減速させる、
前記(1)または(2)に記載の制御装置。
(4)
前記第二制御部は、前記第一制御部が前記移動部の加速を開始するより前に前記運搬部の加速を開始する、
前記(1)~(3)の何れか一つに記載の制御装置。
(5)
前記第二制御部は、前記第一制御部が前記移動部の加速または減速を停止した際に前記運搬部が前記移動部に対して停止した状態となるように、前記運搬部の移動を制御する、
前記(4)に記載の制御装置。
(6)
前記第二制御部は、前記第一制御部が前記移動部の減速を終えた後も前記運搬部の減速を行なう、
前記(1)~(5)の何れか一つに記載の制御装置。
(7)
前記第二制御部は、前記移動部の加速または減速に応じて、水平方向に対する前記運搬部の角度を変化させる、
前記(1)~(6)の何れか一つに記載の制御装置。
(8)
前記第二制御部は、前記移動部の加速時には前記進行方向と同方向に前記運搬部を傾ける一方で、前記移動部の減速時には前記進行方向と逆方向に前記運搬部を傾ける、
前記(7)に記載の制御装置。
(9)
前記第二制御部は、前記運搬部における前記運搬対象物の載置面が、前記運搬対象物に働く水平方向の慣性力と重力とを合成した合成力の方向に垂直になるように、前記運搬部の前記角度を変化させる、
前記(7)または(8)に記載の制御装置。
(10)
前記第二制御部は、前記移動部の加速または減速に応じて、前記運搬部を当該運搬部の載置面に対して垂直方向に移動させる、
前記(1)~(9)の何れか一つに記載の制御装置。
(11)
前記第二制御部は、前記移動部の加速時または減速時に、前記運搬部を当該運搬部の載置面に対して垂直方向下向きに加速させる、
前記(10)に記載の制御装置。
(12)
前記運搬部を用いて運搬される運搬対象物の特性を判断する判断部と、
前記特性に基づいて、前記移動部の移動経路上における前記移動速度または加速度を前記移動部の移動開始前に決定する決定部と、
をさらに具備する前記(1)~(11)の何れか一つに記載の制御装置。
(13)
前記判断部は、前記移動部の移動開始前に前記運搬部を用いて前記運搬対象物に負荷を与えることにより前記特性を判断する、
前記(12)に記載の制御装置。
(14)
前記負荷は、前記運搬対象物の加速、減速及び振動のうちの少なくとも一つを含む、
前記(13)に記載の制御装置。
(15)
移動可能な移動部と連結された運搬部の移動を制御する制御方法であって、
前記移動部の加速または減速に応じて前記運搬部を前記移動部に対して移動させる、
制御方法。
(16)
移動可能な移動部と連結された運搬部の移動を制御するためのプログラムであって、
前記移動部の加速または減速に応じて前記運搬部を前記移動部に対して移動させる、
処理を制御装置に実行させるためのプログラム。
11 シャシー
12 載置台
13,15 連結アーム
16 ハンド
20 制御装置
21 運搬対象物センサ
22 特性判断部
23 外部状況センサ
24 動作決定部
25 シャシー制御部
26 載置台制御部
27 記憶部
Claims (16)
- 移動可能な移動部と連結された運搬部の移動を制御する制御装置であって、
前記移動部の移動速度を制御する第一制御部と、
前記移動部の加速または減速に応じて前記運搬部を前記移動部に対して移動させる第二制御部と、
を具備する制御装置。 - 前記第二制御部は、前記第一制御部が前記移動部に対して与える加速度の向きと逆向きの加速度を前記運搬部に与える、
請求項1に記載の制御装置。 - 前記第二制御部は、前記第一制御部が前記移動部に与える加速度の絶対値よりも小さい絶対値の加速度で前記運搬部を加速または減速させる、
請求項1に記載の制御装置。 - 前記第二制御部は、前記第一制御部が前記移動部の加速を開始するより前に前記運搬部の加速を開始する、
請求項1に記載の制御装置。 - 前記第二制御部は、前記第一制御部が前記移動部の加速または減速を停止した際に前記運搬部が前記移動部に対して停止した状態となるように、前記運搬部の移動を制御する、
請求項4に記載の制御装置。 - 前記第二制御部は、前記第一制御部が前記移動部の減速を終えた後も前記運搬部の減速を行なう、
請求項1に記載の制御装置。 - 前記第二制御部は、前記移動部の加速または減速に応じて、水平方向に対する前記運搬部の角度を変化させる、
請求項1に記載の制御装置。 - 前記第二制御部は、前記移動部の加速時には前記移動部の進行方向と同方向に前記運搬部を傾ける一方で、前記移動部の減速時には前記進行方向と逆方向に前記運搬部を傾ける、
請求項7に記載の制御装置。 - 前記第二制御部は、前記運搬部における運搬対象物の載置面が、前記運搬対象物に働く水平方向の慣性力と重力とを合成した合成力の方向に垂直になるように、前記運搬部の前記角度を変化させる、
請求項7に記載の制御装置。 - 前記第二制御部は、前記移動部の加速または減速に応じて、前記運搬部を当該運搬部の載置面に対して垂直方向に移動させる、
請求項7に記載の制御装置。 - 前記第二制御部は、前記移動部の加速時または減速時に、前記運搬部を当該運搬部の載置面に対して垂直方向下向きに加速させる、
請求項10に記載の制御装置。 - 前記運搬部を用いて運搬される運搬対象物の特性を判断する判断部と、
前記特性に基づいて、前記移動部の移動経路上における前記移動速度または加速度を前記移動部の移動開始前に決定する決定部と、
をさらに具備する請求項1に記載の制御装置。 - 前記判断部は、前記移動部の移動開始前に前記運搬部を用いて前記運搬対象物に負荷を与えることにより前記特性を判断する、
請求項12に記載の制御装置。 - 前記負荷は、前記運搬対象物の加速、減速及び振動のうちの少なくとも一つを含む、
請求項13に記載の制御装置。 - 移動可能な移動部と連結された運搬部の移動を制御する制御方法であって、
前記移動部の加速または減速に応じて前記運搬部を前記移動部に対して移動させる、
制御方法。 - 移動可能な移動部と連結された運搬部の移動を制御するためのプログラムであって、
前記移動部の加速または減速に応じて前記運搬部を前記移動部に対して移動させる、
処理を制御装置に実行させるためのプログラム。
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