WO2020054493A1 - 光ファイバケーブル - Google Patents
光ファイバケーブル Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020054493A1 WO2020054493A1 PCT/JP2019/034515 JP2019034515W WO2020054493A1 WO 2020054493 A1 WO2020054493 A1 WO 2020054493A1 JP 2019034515 W JP2019034515 W JP 2019034515W WO 2020054493 A1 WO2020054493 A1 WO 2020054493A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- optical fiber
- inclusion
- inclusions
- unit
- cable
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 460
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 32
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 22
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 6
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005042 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
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Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/441—Optical cables built up from sub-bundles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/443—Protective covering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/4434—Central member to take up tensile loads
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
- G02B6/4471—Terminating devices ; Cable clamps
- G02B6/4478—Bending relief means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
- G02B6/449—Twisting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/44384—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables the means comprising water blocking or hydrophobic materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical fiber cable.
- This application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-169597, filed on September 11, 2018, Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-194103, filed on October 15, 2018, and on November 9, 2018.
- Priority is claimed based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-21366 filed in U.S. Pat.
- an optical fiber cable in which an inclusion is arranged around an optical fiber unit is used.
- a plurality of tape cores are stacked and a unit coating layer is provided around the cores to form an optical fiber unit.
- the shape of the cross section of the optical fiber cable is easily made circular.
- an intervening object is arranged so as to be sandwiched between the optical fiber units. This suppresses the movement of the optical fiber unit in the optical fiber cable.
- the optical fiber units may be twisted in an SZ shape.
- "twist return" occurs in which the optical fiber unit moves in a direction in which the twist is eliminated.
- the suppression of untwisting may be insufficient.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has as its object to provide an optical fiber cable in which untwisting is suppressed.
- an optical fiber cable includes a plurality of optical fiber units each having a plurality of optical fibers, a presser winding that wraps the plurality of optical fiber units, At least one inclusion disposed inside and a sheath covering the hold-down winding, wherein a plurality of outer units located in an outermost layer among the plurality of optical fiber units are SZ around a cable central axis.
- the inclusion is interposed between one outer unit and the presser winding in a cross-sectional view.
- a frictional force is generated between the outer unit and the inclusion and between the inclusion and the presser winding by using the force that causes the outer unit to expand radially outward.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the optical fiber cable according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an optical fiber cable according to a modification of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an optical fiber cable according to another modification of the first embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the optical fiber cable which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the optical fiber cable which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining dimensions of each part in the optical fiber cable of FIG. 4. It is sectional drawing of the optical fiber cable which concerns on the modification of 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the optical fiber cable which concerns on the other modification of 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the optical fiber cable which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the optical fiber cable which concerns on 5th Embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining dimensions of each part in the optical fiber cable of FIG.
- the optical fiber cable 100 includes a core 20 having a plurality of optical fiber units 10, a sheath 55 for housing the core 20 inside, and a pair of tensile members 56 (tension member) embedded in the sheath 55. ) And a pair of striated bodies 57.
- the core 20 has a holding roll 54 that wraps the plurality of optical fiber units 10.
- the central axis of the optical fiber cable 100 is referred to as a cable central axis O.
- the direction along the cable center axis O (the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber unit 10) is simply called the longitudinal direction.
- a cross section orthogonal to the cable center axis O (a cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction) is called a transverse cross section.
- a direction crossing the cable center axis O is referred to as a radial direction
- a direction circling around the cable center axis O is referred to as a circumferential direction.
- the sheath 55 is formed in a cylindrical shape with the cable center axis O as the center.
- Examples of the material of the sheath 55 include polyolefin (PO) such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), ethylene ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and ethylene propylene copolymer (EP). ) Resins, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and the like can be used.
- the striated body 57 As the material of the striated body 57, a cylindrical rod made of PP or nylon can be used. Further, the striated body 57 may be formed of a yarn (yarn) in which fibers such as PP and polyester are twisted, and the striated body 57 may be made to have water absorbency. The pair of filaments 57 are arranged so as to sandwich the core 20 in the radial direction. Each striated body 57 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the core 20 (the outer peripheral surface of the presser winding 54). In addition, the number of the linear bodies 57 embedded in the sheath 55 may be one or three or more.
- the material of the tensile strength member 56 for example, a metal wire (such as a steel wire), a tensile strength fiber (such as an aramid fiber), and FRP can be used.
- the pair of strength members 56 are arranged so as to sandwich the core 20 in the radial direction. Further, the pair of tensile members 56 are arranged at a distance from the core 20 in the radial direction.
- the number of the tensile members 56 embedded in the sheath 55 may be one or three or more. Further, the strength members 56 may not be embedded in the sheath 55.
- a pair of projections 58 projecting radially outward are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sheath 55.
- the protrusion 58 extends along the longitudinal direction.
- the projection 58 and the striated body 57 are arranged at the same position in the circumferential direction.
- the protrusion 58 serves as a mark when the sheath 55 is cut to remove the striated body 57.
- a mark indicating the position of the striated body 57 may be provided, for example, by making a part of the sheath 55 different in color from other parts.
- the core 20 includes a plurality of optical fiber units 10, a plurality of inclusions 3a to 3c, and a wrapping tube 54.
- the presser winding 54 surrounds the optical fiber unit 10 and the inclusions 3a to 3c.
- Each of the optical fiber units 10 includes a plurality of optical fiber core wires or optical fiber strands (hereinafter, simply referred to as optical fibers 1) and a binding material 2 for binding the optical fibers 1.
- the optical fiber unit 10 and the inclusions 3a to 3c extend along the longitudinal direction.
- the optical fiber unit 10 of the present embodiment is a so-called intermittent adhesive tape ribbon, and when the plurality of optical fibers 1 are pulled in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, they are bonded to each other so as to spread in a mesh shape (spider web shape). Have been. More specifically, one optical fiber 1 is bonded to each of its adjacent optical fibers 1 at different positions in the longitudinal direction, and the adjacent optical fibers 1 are spaced apart from each other by a certain distance in the longitudinal direction. Are glued together.
- the aspect of the optical fiber unit 10 is not limited to the intermittent adhesive tape ribbon, and may be appropriately changed.
- the optical fiber unit 10 may be one in which a plurality of optical fibers 1 are simply bundled with the binding material 2.
- the optical fiber unit 10 is divided into two layers, a radially inner layer and a radially outer layer.
- the optical fiber unit 10 located on the outermost layer is referred to as an outer unit 10A.
- the optical fiber unit 10 other than the outer unit 10A is referred to as an inner unit 10B. That is, the outer unit 10A and the inner unit 10B are included in the plurality of optical fiber units 10.
- the three inner units 10B are twisted in an SZ shape or a helical shape around the cable center axis O.
- the nine outer units 10A are twisted in an SZ shape around the cable central axis O so as to surround the three inner units 10B. Note that the number of optical fiber units 10 can be changed as appropriate.
- the inner unit 10B located in the inner layer is formed in a fan shape
- the outer unit 10A located in the outermost layer is formed in a square shape.
- the invention is not limited to the illustrated example, and an optical fiber unit 10 having a circular, elliptical, or polygonal cross section may be used. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the optical fiber unit 10 may be broken. Further, the core 20 may be formed of one layer (the layer of the outer unit 10A) without the inner unit 10B.
- the binding material 2 is in the form of an elongated string and is wound around the plurality of optical fibers 1.
- the optical fiber 1 is partially exposed from the gap of the binding material 2. For this reason, when the sheath 55 is incised and the holding roll 54 is removed, the optical fiber 1 can be visually recognized from the gap between the binding materials 2.
- the binding material 2 is formed of a thin and flexible material such as resin. Therefore, even when the optical fibers 1 are bundled with the binding material 2, the optical fibers 1 are appropriately moved to an empty space in the sheath 55 while deforming the binding material 2. Accordingly, the cross-sectional shape of the optical fiber unit 10 in an actual product may not be as shown in FIG.
- the presser winding 54 is formed in a cylindrical shape with the cable center axis O as the center.
- the inner peripheral surface of the holding roll 54 is in contact with the radially outer end of the outer unit 10A.
- the inner peripheral surface of the presser winding 54 is in contact with the inclusions 3b and 3c.
- As the holding roll 54 a non-woven fabric, a tape member made of plastic, or the like can be used.
- the holding roll 54 may be formed of a material having a water absorbing property such as a water absorbing tape.
- the inclusions 3a to 3c are formed of a fibrous material such as a polyester fiber, an aramid fiber, and a glass fiber. Note that the inclusions 3a to 3c may be yarns having water absorbency. In this case, the waterproof performance inside the optical fiber cable 100 can be improved.
- the inclusion 3a is sandwiched between the outer unit 10A and the inner unit 10B.
- the inclusion 3b is sandwiched between the outer units 10A adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and is in contact with the holding roll 54.
- the inclusion 3c is sandwiched between one outer unit 10A and the presser winding 54.
- the inclusion 3a is twisted together with the inner unit 10B.
- the inclusions 3b and 3c are twisted together with the outer unit 10A.
- the inclusions 3b and 3c are in contact with the outer unit 10A.
- the inclusion 3a is in contact with the outer unit 10A and the inner unit 10B.
- the binding material 2 is in the form of an elongated cord, and is wound around the bundle of optical fibers 1 in a spiral shape, for example. Therefore, portions of the optical fiber 1 that are not covered with the string-shaped binding material 2 partially contact the inclusions 3a to 3c.
- the optical fiber 1 usually has a structure in which a coating material such as resin is coated around an optical fiber bare wire formed of glass. For this reason, the surface of the optical fiber 1 is smooth, and the friction coefficient when the optical fibers 1 contact each other is relatively small.
- the inclusions 3a to 3c are formed of a fibrous material. Therefore, the friction coefficient when the inclusions 3a to 3c and the optical fiber 1 come into contact is larger than the friction coefficient when the optical fibers 1 come into contact with each other.
- the plurality of optical fiber units 10 are twisted with each other with the cable center axis O as the twisting center.
- the bundle of the optical fiber units 10 tries to expand radially outward. That is, the outer unit 10 ⁇ / b> A is pressed against the presser roll 54 by the force to be untwisted.
- the inclusions 3b and 3c are sandwiched between the outer unit 10A and the presser winding 54 in a cross-sectional view.
- the inclusions 3b and 3c are radially compressed between the outer unit 10A and the presser winding 54. That is, the inclusions 3b and 3c twisted together with the outer unit 10A are pressed against the holding roll 54. Since the inclusions 3b and 3c are formed of a fibrous material, the distance between the optical fiber 1 and the inclusions 3b and 3c and the inclusion 3b is smaller than the friction coefficient between the optical fiber 1 and the presser winding 54. , 3c and the holding roll 54 have a larger coefficient of friction.
- the frictional force generated when the outer unit 10A is pressed against the holding roll 54 with the inclusions 3b and 3c interposed therebetween is greater than the frictional force generated when the outer unit 10A is pressed directly against the holding roll 54. growing. That is, in the present embodiment, when the outer unit 10A attempts to expand radially outward, the inclusions 3b and 3c generate a large frictional force. This frictional force makes it difficult for the outer unit 10A to move with respect to the presser winding 54, and it is possible to suppress untwisting of the outer unit 10A.
- the inclusion 3c is located on a straight line L passing through the center point X of the outer unit 10A and the cable center axis O in a cross-sectional view.
- the inclusion 3c is surrounded by one outer unit 10A and the presser winding 54 in a cross-sectional view. Therefore, when the bundle of the optical fiber units 10 is about to expand radially outward, the inclusion 3c is more reliably sandwiched between the outer unit 10A and the presser winding 54. Further, the inclusion 3c is less likely to move inward in the radial direction by the outer unit 10A, and the state in which the inclusion 3c is in contact with the presser winding 54 can be more reliably maintained. Therefore, it is possible to more reliably generate the frictional force due to the inclusion 3c, and to suppress the untwisting.
- the center point X in the present specification is the centroid of the outer unit 10A in a cross-sectional view. Since the outer unit 10A is twisted around the cable central axis O, the outer unit 10A tends to expand radially outward due to untwisting. The direction in which the outer unit 10A expands is a direction starting from the cable center axis O and passing through the center point X (the center of the outer unit 10A). Therefore, by locating the inclusion 3c on the straight line L passing through the cable central axis O and the center point X, the frictional force generated by the inclusion 3c due to the force of the outer unit 10A trying to expand increases, Twist return can be effectively suppressed.
- Example 1 As Example 1, an optical fiber cable having a cross-sectional structure as shown in FIG. 1 was produced. The number of optical fibers 1 included in each optical fiber unit 10 was 144. Three inner units 10B were twisted in an SZ shape, and nine outer units 10A were twisted in an SZ shape on the outer periphery thereof. That is, the total number of optical fiber units 10 is 12, and the total number of optical fibers 1 is 1,728. Water absorbing yarn was used as the inclusions 3a, 3b, 3c. Three inclusions 3a, eight inclusions 3b, and one inclusion 3c were arranged.
- the setting angle of the twisting device (oscillator) when twisting the optical fiber unit 10 was adjusted so that the angle of the actually introduced twist (introduction angle) was ⁇ 150 °.
- the “set angle” is a range of an angle at which the oscillator swings. For example, when the set angle is ⁇ 500 °, the oscillator repeatedly swings 500 ° in the CCW direction after swinging 500 ° in the CW direction.
- the manufactured optical fiber cable was cut at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the position of the specific outer unit 10A or the optical fiber 1 included in the outer unit 10A in the circumferential direction was measured at each cut surface.
- the rotation angle of the specific outer unit 10A or the optical fiber 1 included in the outer unit 10A with respect to the cable center axis O was defined as the introduction angle.
- the twisted optical fiber unit 10 is wrapped with a presser winding 54 and further covered with a sheath 55 to produce an optical fiber cable.
- Example 2 As Example 2, an optical fiber cable in which the number of the inclusions 3b and 3c was changed from that of Example 1 was created. Three inclusions 3a, six inclusions 3b, and three inclusions 3c were arranged. Other conditions are the same as in the first embodiment.
- Example 3 As Example 3, an optical fiber cable in which the number of the inclusions 3a, 3b, and 3c was changed from Example 1 was created. Without the inclusions 3a and 3b, only six inclusions 3c were arranged. Other conditions are the same as in the first embodiment.
- Example 4 As Example 4, an optical fiber cable in which the number of the inclusions 3a, 3b, and 3c was changed from that of Example 1 was produced. Without the inclusions 3a, six inclusions 3b and three inclusions 3c were arranged. Further, three inclusions 3d as shown in FIG. 2 were arranged. The inclusion 3d is sandwiched between the inner unit 10B and the outer unit 10A in the radial direction. The inclusion 3d is arranged between one outer unit 10A and one inner unit 10B. Other conditions are the same as in the first embodiment.
- Example 5 As Example 5, an optical fiber cable in which the number of the inclusions 3a, 3b, and 3c was changed from that of Example 1 was created. Without the inclusions 3b, three inclusions 3a and nine inclusions 3c were arranged. Other conditions are the same as in the first embodiment.
- Comparative Example 1 As Comparative Example 1, an optical fiber cable 100 having the inclusions 3a and 3b was provided without the inclusion 3c. Three inclusions 3a and nine inclusions 3b were arranged. Other conditions were the same as in Example 1.
- Table 1 shows the results of confirming the introduction angle and the sheath twist for the optical fiber cables of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1.
- Sheet twist "in Table 1 indicates the degree of sheath twist in the prepared optical fiber cable. More specifically, it shows how much the position of the protrusion 58 in the circumferential direction changes along the longitudinal direction. For example, when the sheath twist is ⁇ 10 °, the circumferential position of the protrusion 58 changes within ⁇ 10 ° around the cable central axis O. If the degree of sheath twisting is large, the optical fiber cable meanders, leading to a reduction in workability in laying and a reduction in the length that can be wound around the drum.
- Comparative Example 1 since the inclusion 3c is not provided, when the optical fiber unit 10 tries to untwist, the frictional force generated between the outer unit 10A and the presser winding 54 is relatively small. For this reason, untwisting is likely to occur, and the set angle for setting the introduction angle to ⁇ 150 ° is ⁇ 700 °, and the set angle is relatively large. Then, as the set angle is larger, the force by which the outer unit 10A twists the sheath 55 is increased, and it is considered that the angle of the sheath twist is increased.
- the total number of the inclusions 3b and 3c in contact with the presser winding 54 is the same, but the set angle for setting the introduction angle to ⁇ 150 ° is the same as the example. 5 is smaller. Further, the twist generated in the sheath 55 is smaller in the fifth embodiment. That is, the fifth embodiment more effectively suppresses the untwisting than the second embodiment. Since the inclusion 3c is located on a straight line passing through the cable center axis O and the center point X of the outer unit 10A, the inclusion 3c is less likely to move inward in the radial direction, and the inclusion 3c is It is considered that the state in contact with 54 could be more reliably maintained. Thereby, the force of the outer unit 10A trying to expand radially outward can be effectively converted to a frictional force.
- Example 3 as compared with the other Examples 1, 2, 4, and 5, good results were obtained even if the total number of inclusions was small.
- the inclusion 3c is arranged. From this result, it was confirmed that the effect of suppressing the untwisting by the inclusion 3c was larger than that of the other inclusions.
- the core 20 includes the two-layer optical fiber unit 10.
- the number of layers of the optical fiber unit included in the core 20 may be one, or may be three or more.
- the core 20 includes a plurality of layers of the optical fiber unit, no inclusion is arranged between the optical fiber units (the inner unit 10B in the example of FIG. 1) included in the layers other than the outermost layer. Is also good.
- the inclusion 3c is sandwiched between one outer unit 10A and the presser winding 54.
- the inclusions 3c may be sandwiched between the plurality of outer units 10A and the presser winding 54.
- the friction force between the outer unit 10A and the inclusion 3c and between the inclusion 3c and the presser winding 54 due to the force of the outer unit 10A expanding radially outward. Can be caused.
- the inclusion 3c is located on the straight line L passing through the cable central axis O and the center point X of the outer unit 10A, the force that causes the outer unit 10A to expand radially outward is provided. , Can be more efficiently converted to frictional force. Therefore, it is possible to more reliably suppress the untwisting of the outer unit 10A.
- the optical fiber cable 100A includes a core 20 having a plurality of optical fiber units 10, a sheath 55 for housing the core 20, and a pair of tensile members 56 (tension member) embedded in the sheath 55. ) And a pair of striated bodies 57.
- the core 20 has a holding roll 54 that wraps the plurality of optical fiber units 10.
- the central axis of the optical fiber cable 100A is referred to as a cable central axis O.
- the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable 100A (the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber unit 10) is simply referred to as the longitudinal direction.
- a cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (a cross section orthogonal to the cable center axis O) is called a transverse cross section.
- a direction intersecting the cable center axis O is referred to as a radial direction
- a direction circling around the cable center axis O is referred to as a circumferential direction.
- the sheath 55 is formed in a cylindrical shape with the cable center axis O as the center.
- Examples of the material of the sheath 55 include polyolefin (PO) such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), ethylene ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and ethylene propylene copolymer (EP). ) Resins, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and the like can be used.
- the striated body 57 As the material of the striated body 57, a cylindrical rod made of PP or nylon can be used. Further, the striated body 57 may be formed of a yarn (yarn) in which fibers such as PP and polyester are twisted, and the striated body 57 may be made to have water absorbency. The pair of filaments 57 are arranged so as to sandwich the core 20 in the radial direction. Each striated body 57 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the core 20 (the outer peripheral surface of the presser winding 54). In addition, the number of the linear bodies 57 embedded in the sheath 55 may be one or three or more.
- the material of the tensile strength member 56 for example, a metal wire (such as a steel wire), a tensile strength fiber (such as an aramid fiber), and FRP can be used.
- the pair of strength members 56 are arranged so as to sandwich the core 20 in the radial direction. Further, the pair of tensile members 56 are arranged at a distance from the core 20 in the radial direction.
- the number of the tensile members 56 embedded in the sheath 55 may be one or three or more. Further, the strength members 56 may not be embedded in the sheath 55.
- a pair of projections 58 projecting radially outward are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sheath 55.
- the protrusion 58 extends along the longitudinal direction.
- the projection 58 and the striated body 57 are arranged at the same position in the circumferential direction.
- the protrusion 58 serves as a mark when the sheath 55 is cut to remove the striated body 57.
- a mark indicating the position of the striated body 57 may be provided, for example, by making a part of the sheath 55 different in color from other parts.
- the core 20 includes a plurality of optical fiber units 10, a plurality of inclusions 13a to 13d, and a wrapping tube 54.
- the presser winding 54 surrounds the optical fiber unit 10 and the inclusions 13a to 13d.
- Each of the optical fiber units 10 includes a plurality of optical fiber core wires or optical fiber strands (hereinafter, simply referred to as optical fibers 1) and a binding material 2 for binding the optical fibers 1.
- the optical fiber unit 10 and the inclusions 13a to 13d extend along the longitudinal direction.
- the optical fiber unit 10 of the present embodiment is a so-called intermittent adhesive tape ribbon, and when the plurality of optical fibers 1 are pulled in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, they are bonded to each other so as to spread in a mesh shape (spider web shape). Have been. More specifically, one optical fiber 1 is bonded to each of its adjacent optical fibers 1 at different positions in the longitudinal direction, and the adjacent optical fibers 1 are spaced apart from each other by a certain distance in the longitudinal direction. Are glued together.
- the aspect of the optical fiber unit 10 is not limited to the intermittent adhesive tape ribbon, and may be appropriately changed.
- the optical fiber unit 10 may be one in which a plurality of optical fibers 1 are simply bundled with the binding material 2.
- the optical fiber unit 10 is divided into two layers, a radially inner layer and a radially outer layer.
- the optical fiber unit 10 located on the outermost layer is referred to as an outer unit 10A.
- the optical fiber unit 10 located radially inside the outer unit 10A is referred to as an inner unit 10B.
- the three inner units 10B are twisted in an SZ shape or a helical shape with the cable center axis O as a center.
- the nine outer units 10A are twisted in an SZ shape around the cable central axis O so as to surround the three inner units 10B. Note that the number of optical fiber units 10 can be changed as appropriate.
- the inner unit 10B located in the inner layer is formed in a fan shape
- the outer unit 10A located in the outermost layer is formed in a square shape.
- the optical fiber unit 10 is not limited to the illustrated example, and may have a circular, elliptical, or polygonal cross section. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the optical fiber unit 10 may be broken. Further, the core 20 may be formed of one layer (the layer of the outer unit 10A) without the inner unit 10B.
- the binding material 2 is in the form of an elongated string and is wound around the plurality of optical fibers 1.
- the optical fiber 1 is partially exposed from the gap of the binding material 2. For this reason, when the sheath 55 is incised and the holding roll 54 is removed, the optical fiber 1 can be visually recognized from the gap between the binding materials 2.
- the binding material 2 is formed of a thin and flexible material such as resin. Therefore, even when the optical fibers 1 are bundled with the binding material 2, the optical fibers 1 are appropriately moved to an empty space in the sheath 55 while deforming the binding material 2. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape of the optical fiber unit 10 in an actual product may not be as shown in FIG.
- the presser winding 54 is formed in a cylindrical shape with the cable center axis O as the center.
- the inner peripheral surface of the holding roll 54 is in contact with the radially outer end of the outer unit 10A.
- the inner peripheral surface of the presser winding 54 is in contact with the inclusion 13a.
- a non-woven fabric, a tape member made of plastic, or the like can be used as the holding roll 54.
- the holding roll 54 may be formed of a material having a water absorbing property such as a water absorbing tape.
- the inclusions 13a to 13d are formed of a fibrous material such as a polyester fiber, an aramid fiber, and a glass fiber. Note that the inclusions 13a to 13d may be yarns having water absorbency. In this case, the waterproof performance inside the optical fiber cable 100A can be improved.
- the inclusion 13a is sandwiched between the outer units 10A that are adjacent in the circumferential direction, and is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the holding roll 54.
- the inclusion 13a is arranged between the two outer units 10A and the presser winding 54.
- the inclusion 13b is sandwiched between the outer units 10A that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, but is not in contact with the holding roll 54.
- the inclusions 13a and 13b are twisted together with the outer unit 10A in an SZ shape about the cable central axis O.
- the inclusion 13c is sandwiched between the inner units 10B adjacent in the circumferential direction.
- the inclusion 13c is located radially inward of the inclusions 13a and 13b, and is not in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the presser winding 54.
- the inclusion 13c is twisted together with the inner unit 10B in an SZ shape or a spiral shape around the cable central axis O. In addition, the inclusion 13c may not be arranged.
- the inclusion 13d is located at the center of the optical fiber cable 100A.
- one inclusion 13d is arranged coaxially with the cable center axis O.
- a plurality of inclusions 13d may be arranged at the center of the optical fiber cable 100A.
- the inclusion 13d need not be located coaxially with the cable center axis O.
- the inclusion 13d may be twisted in an SZ shape or a spiral around the cable central axis O together with the inner unit 10B. Alternatively, the inclusion 13d may not be twisted together with the inner unit 10B. In addition, the inclusion 13d may not be arranged.
- the inclusions 13a and 13b are in contact with the outer unit 10A.
- the inclusions 13c and 13d are in contact with the inner unit 10B.
- the binding material 2 is in the form of an elongated cord, and is wound around the bundle of optical fibers 1 in a spiral shape, for example. Therefore, the portion of the optical fiber 1 that is not covered with the string-shaped binding material 2 partially contacts the inclusions 13a to 13d.
- the optical fiber 1 usually has a structure in which a coating material such as resin is coated around an optical fiber bare wire formed of glass. For this reason, the surface of the optical fiber 1 is smooth, and the friction coefficient when the optical fibers 1 contact each other is relatively small.
- the inclusions 13a to 13d are formed of a fibrous material. Therefore, the friction coefficient when the inclusions 13a to 13d and the optical fiber 1 come into contact is larger than the friction coefficient when the optical fibers 1 come into contact with each other.
- FIG. 5 shows an optical fiber cable 100B according to the third embodiment.
- the third embodiment has the same basic configuration as the second embodiment, but differs from the optical fiber cable 100A in FIG. 4 in that the optical fiber cable 100B has an inclusion 3c.
- the core 20 includes a plurality of optical fiber units 10, a plurality of inclusions 13a to 13c, 3c, and a wrapping tube 54.
- the presser winding 54 surrounds the optical fiber unit 10 and the inclusions 13a to 13c, 3c.
- the inclusion 3c is sandwiched between one outer unit 10A and the presser winding 54.
- the inclusion 3c is twisted together with the outer unit 10A in an SZ shape.
- the inclusion 3c is in contact with the holding roll 54 and the outer unit 10A.
- a portion of the optical fiber 1 that is not covered with the string-shaped binding material 2 partially contacts the inclusion 3c.
- the inclusion 3c may be positioned on a straight line L passing through the center point X of the outer unit 10A and the cable center axis O in a cross-sectional view.
- the outer unit 10A is twisted in an SZ shape.
- the workability of the middle rear branch can be improved while suppressing the tension and strain from acting on the optical fiber 1 included in the outer unit 10A.
- the outer unit 10A is twisted in an SZ shape, it becomes a problem to suppress the untwisting of the outer unit 10A. Further, it is also required to suppress the side pressure acting on the outer unit 10A when a compressive force acts on the optical fiber cables 100A and 100B.
- the amounts of the inclusions 13a and 13b arranged between the outer units 10A and the inclusions 3c arranged between one outer unit 10A and the presser winding 54 are optimized. I have.
- the second and third embodiments will be described using specific examples. Note that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
- the number of the optical fibers 1 included in one optical fiber unit 10 is 144.
- Three inner units 10B were twisted in an SZ shape, and nine outer units 10A were twisted in an SZ shape on the outer periphery thereof. That is, the total number of optical fiber units 10 is 12, and the total number of optical fibers 1 is 1,728.
- Eight inclusions 13a were provided, but no inclusions 13b to 13d were provided.
- One inclusion 13a was arranged between the outer units 10A.
- the optical fiber unit 10 was twisted with the setting angle of the twisting device (oscillator) being ⁇ 400 °.
- the “set angle” is a range of an angle at which the oscillator swings. For example, when the set angle is ⁇ 400 °, the oscillator repeatedly swings 400 ° in the CCW direction after swinging 400 ° in the CW direction.
- the optical fiber unit 10 twisted in this manner was wrapped with a presser winding 54 and further covered with a sheath 55 to prepare an optical fiber cable.
- Example 7 As Example 7, an optical fiber cable in which the number of the inclusions 13a to 13d was changed from that of Example 6 was produced. Five inclusions 13a were provided, and three inclusions 13c were provided. The set angle was ⁇ 500 °. Other conditions were the same as in Example 6.
- Example 8 As Example 8, an optical fiber cable in which the number of the inclusions 13a to 13d was changed from that of Example 6 was produced. As shown in FIG. 7, one inclusion 13a, three inclusions 13c, and four inclusions 13d were provided. One of the four inclusions 13d was arranged coaxially with the cable center axis O, and the other three were arranged along one of the four inclusions 13d. The set angle was ⁇ 600 °. Other conditions were the same as in Example 6.
- Example 9 As Example 9, an optical fiber cable was prepared in which the number of the inclusions 13a to 13d was changed from that of Example 6. As shown in FIG. 8, one inclusion 13a, four inclusions 13b, and three inclusions 13c were provided. The inclusion 13d was not provided. The set angle was ⁇ 500 °. Other conditions were the same as in Example 6.
- Comparative Example 2 As Comparative Example 2, an optical fiber cable 100A was prepared in which three inclusions 13c and five inclusions 13d were provided without providing the inclusions 13a and 13b. The set angle was ⁇ 600 °. Other conditions were the same as in Example 6.
- Comparative Example 3 As Comparative Example 3, an optical fiber cable 100A in which the number of inclusions 13c and 13d was changed from Comparative Example 2 was created. Other conditions were the same as in Comparative Example 2.
- Comparative Example 4 As Comparative Example 4, an optical fiber cable 100A in which the number of the inclusions 13c and 13d was changed from Comparative Example 2 was created. Three inclusions 13c were provided, and no inclusion 13d was provided. Other conditions were the same as in Comparative Example 2.
- Comparative Example 5 As Comparative Example 5, an optical fiber cable 100A was prepared in which the number of the inclusions 13b to 13d was changed from that of Comparative Example 2. Four inclusions 13b, three inclusions 13c, and one inclusion 13d were provided. Other conditions were the same as in Comparative Example 2.
- Table 2 shows the results of confirming the angle (introduction angle) of the SZ twist actually introduced into the outer unit 10A for the optical fiber cables of Examples 6 to 9 and Comparative Examples 2 to 5.
- the manufactured optical fiber cable was cut at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the position of a specific optical fiber or optical fiber unit in the circumferential direction was measured at each cut surface.
- the rotation angle of a specific optical fiber or optical fiber unit with respect to the cable center axis O was defined as the introduction angle. The larger the difference between the set angle and the introduction angle, the more the outer unit 10A is twisted back.
- the result was good (OK) when the introduction angle was ⁇ 135 ° or more, and the result was insufficient (NG) when the introduction angle was less than ⁇ 135 °.
- the reason why the criterion is that the introduction angle is ⁇ 135 ° or more is as follows. For example, if the outer unit 10A is untwisted, when the fiber optic cable is bent, the outer unit 10A will be compressed inside the fiber optic cable bend and pulled outside the fiber optic cable bend. On the other hand, when the outer unit 10A is twisted in an SZ shape at an introduction angle of ⁇ 135 ° or more, one outer unit 10A is securely placed over both the compressed portion and the pulled portion. . By satisfying the introductory angle of ⁇ 135 ° or more, the tension and the compression acting on the outer unit 10A are canceled each other, so that the tension and strain acting on the optical fiber 1 can be suppressed.
- Examples 6 to 9 were larger than those of Comparative Examples 2 to 5.
- the introduction angle was ⁇ 135 ° or more, and good results were obtained. This is because the inclusion 13a is in contact with the presser winding 54, so that the outer unit 10A can be prevented from being untwisted by the frictional force between the inclusion 13a and the presser winding 54.
- the inclusion 3c is arranged in addition to the inclusions 13a and 13b.
- the inclusion 3c is sandwiched between one outer unit 10A and the presser winding 54.
- the inclusion 3c is less likely to move inward in the radial direction, and the state in which the inclusion 3c is in contact with the presser winding 54 can be more reliably maintained.
- the force of the outer unit 10A trying to expand outward in the radial direction can be effectively converted into a frictional force, and a more reliable twist-back suppressing effect can be obtained.
- the outer layer interposition density D is the density of inclusions interposed between the outer units 10A among the plurality of optical fiber units 10 included in the core.
- the virtual circle C1 illustrated in FIG. 6 is an arc connecting the radially inner ends of the plurality of outer units 10A located on the outermost layer.
- the virtual circle C2 is an arc connecting the radially outer ends of the plurality of outer units 10A located on the outermost layer.
- the virtual circle C2 substantially overlaps with the inner peripheral surface of the holding roll 54.
- Dimension r 1 is the radius of the imaginary circle C1
- the dimension r 2 is the radius of a virtual circle C2.
- the dimension r 1 is the distance between the radially inner end and the cable center axis O of the outer units 10A located in the outermost layer.
- the dimensional r 2 is the distance between the radially outer end of the outer units 10A located in the outermost layer (the inner circumferential surface of the pressing winding 54) and the cable center axis O.
- the positions of the radially inner ends of the plurality of outer units 10A located on the outermost layer may be uneven (the virtual circle C1 in FIG. 6 may be non-circular). In that case, the average value of the distance between the radially inner end and the cable center axis O of the outer units 10A and dimension r 1.
- the virtual circle C2 is non-circular. That is, the average value of the distance between the radially outer end and the cable center axis O of the outer units 10A and dimension r 2.
- the twist state is different between the outermost layer (the layer of the outer unit 10A) and the inner layer (the layer of the inner unit 10B).
- the roles of the inclusions 13a, 13b, 3c located on the outermost layer and the inclusions 13c, 13d located on the inner layer are different. More specifically, the inclusions 13a and 3c are in contact with the holding roll 54 to suppress untwisting. In addition, although the inclusion 13b does not contact the holding roll 54, the inclusion 13b is sandwiched between the outer units 10A and has an effect of suppressing relative movement between the outer units 10A. On the other hand, the inclusions 13c and 13d are not in contact with the presser winding 54 and are not sandwiched between the outer units 10A.
- the effect of suppressing the untwisting of the outer unit 10A is small.
- the inclusions 13a, 13b, and 3c arranged in the outermost layer it is preferable to set the density in the outermost layer to an appropriate value.
- the cross-sectional area A of the outermost layer is defined by the following equation (1).
- the sectional area A is the area of a region surrounded by the virtual circles C1 and C2.
- A ⁇ ⁇ r 2 2 - ⁇ ⁇ r 1 2 ...
- the outer layer interposition density D is defined by the following equation (2).
- D S ⁇ A (2)
- S is the total value of the cross-sectional areas of the inclusions 13a, 13b, and 3c arranged in the region between the virtual circles C1 and C2.
- S is, inclusions 13a ⁇ 13d, among 3c, is the sum of the cross-sectional area of the partial distances from the cable center axis O is in the range of r 1 or r 2 or less.
- Equation (2) can also be expressed as equation (2) ′ below.
- D S ⁇ ( ⁇ ⁇ r 2 2 - ⁇ ⁇ r 1 2) ... (2) '
- Table 2 shows the results of producing a plurality of optical fiber cables by changing the outer layer interposition density D.
- the conditions other than the amount of the inclusion 13a are the same as those in the sixth embodiment.
- “Transmission loss” in Table 3 shows a measurement result according to ICEA S-87-640-2016. More specifically, for a single mode optical fiber, the result was good (OK) when the transmission loss at a wavelength of 1550 nm was less than 0.30 dB / km, and the result was insufficient (NG) when the transmission loss was more than 0.30 dB / km. “Comprehensive judgment” in Table 3 was judged as good (OK) when the results of both the introduction angle and the transmission loss were good. The criterion for determining the introduction angle was good when the angle was ⁇ 135 ° or more, as in the description of the sixth embodiment.
- the inclusions 3c are arranged as in the third embodiment, by setting the outer layer inclusion density D to be 0.05 or more and 0.20 or less, it is possible to suppress untwisting of the optical fiber unit 10A, The lateral pressure acting on the optical fiber 1 can be kept small.
- the optical fiber cable 100 ⁇ / b> B includes a plurality of optical fiber units 10 each having a plurality of optical fibers, a holding roll 54 that wraps the plurality of optical fiber units 10, and at least one disposed inside the holding roll 54.
- a plurality of outer units 10A which are provided with one inclusion 3c and a sheath 55 that covers the presser winding 54 and are located in the outermost layer of the plurality of optical fiber units 10, are formed in an SZ shape with the cable center axis O as a center. Twisted, the inclusion 3c is sandwiched between one outer unit 10A and the presser winding 54 in a cross-sectional view.
- the inclusions 13a and 3c are radially compressed between the optical fiber unit 10A and the presser winding 54. That is, the inclusions 13a and 3c twisted together with the optical fiber unit 10A are pressed against the holding roll 54. Since the inclusions 13a and 3c are formed of a fibrous material, the distance between the optical fiber 1 and the inclusions 13a and 3c and the inclusion 13a is smaller than the friction coefficient between the optical fiber 1 and the presser winding 54. , 3c and the holding roll 54 have a larger coefficient of friction.
- the frictional force generated when the optical fiber unit 10A is pressed against the holding roll 54 with the inclusions 13a and 3c interposed therebetween is smaller than the frictional force generated when the optical fiber unit 10A is pressed directly against the holding roll 54. Is larger.
- the inclusion 3c is surrounded by one optical fiber unit 10A and the presser winding 54. Therefore, when the bundle of the optical fiber units 10 is about to expand outward in the radial direction, the inclusion 3c is more reliably sandwiched between the optical fiber unit 10A and the presser winding 54. In addition, the inclusion 3c is less likely to move radially inward by the optical fiber unit 10A, and the state in which the inclusion 3c is in contact with the holding roll 54 can be more reliably maintained.
- the inclusion 3c may be located on a straight line passing through the cable central axis O and the central point X of one optical fiber unit 10A in a cross-sectional view.
- the distance between the radially inner end and the cable center axis O of the outer units 10A and r 1 the distance between the radially outer end and the cable center axis O of the outer unit 10A r 2
- D S ⁇ ( ⁇ ⁇ r 2 2 ⁇ ⁇ r 1 2)
- the outer layer interposed density D represented by may be 0.05 to 0.20.
- the core 20 includes the two-layer optical fiber unit 10.
- the number of layers of the optical fiber unit included in the core 20 may be one, or may be three or more.
- an intervening body is disposed between the optical fiber units (the inner unit 10B in the examples of FIGS. 4 and 5) included in the layers other than the outermost layer. It is not necessary.
- a plurality of inclusions 13d may be arranged at the center of the cable. The inclusion 13d need not be located coaxially with the cable center axis O. The inclusion 13d may not be arranged.
- the optical fiber cable 100C includes a core 20 having a plurality of optical fiber units 10A and 10B, a sheath 55 for housing the core 20 therein, and a pair of tensile members 56 embedded in the sheath 55 ( Tension member) and a pair of striated bodies 57.
- the core 20 has a presser winding 54 that wraps the plurality of optical fiber units 10A and 10B.
- the central axis of the optical fiber cable 100C is referred to as a cable central axis O.
- the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable 100C (the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber units 10A and 10B) is simply referred to as the longitudinal direction.
- a cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is called a cross section.
- a direction crossing the cable center axis O is referred to as a radial direction, and a direction circling around the cable center axis O is referred to as a circumferential direction.
- the cable center axis O is located at the center of the optical fiber cable 100C.
- the sheath 55 is formed in a cylindrical shape with the cable center axis O as the center.
- Examples of the material of the sheath 55 include polyolefin (PO) such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), ethylene ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and ethylene propylene copolymer (EP). ) Resins, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and the like can be used.
- the striated body 57 As the material of the striated body 57, a cylindrical rod made of PP or nylon can be used. Further, the striated body 57 may be formed of a yarn (yarn) in which fibers such as PP and polyester are twisted, and the striated body 57 may be made to have water absorbency. The pair of filaments 57 are arranged so as to sandwich the core 20 in the radial direction. Each striated body 57 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the core 20 (the outer peripheral surface of the presser winding 54). In addition, the number of the linear bodies 57 embedded in the sheath 55 may be one or three or more.
- the material of the tensile strength member 56 for example, a metal wire (such as a steel wire), a tensile strength fiber (such as an aramid fiber), and FRP can be used.
- the pair of strength members 56 are arranged so as to sandwich the core 20 in the radial direction. Further, the pair of tensile members 56 are arranged at a distance from the core 20 in the radial direction.
- the number of the tensile members 56 embedded in the sheath 55 may be one or three or more. Further, the strength members 56 may not be embedded in the sheath 55.
- a pair of projections 58 projecting radially outward are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sheath 55.
- the protrusion 58 extends along the longitudinal direction.
- the projection 58 and the striated body 57 are arranged at the same position in the circumferential direction.
- the protrusion 58 serves as a mark when the sheath 55 is cut to remove the striated body 57.
- a mark indicating the position of the striated body 57 may be provided, for example, by making a part of the sheath 55 different in color from other parts.
- the core 20 includes a plurality of optical fiber units 10A and 10B, a plurality of inclusions 23a to 23c, and a wrapping tube 54.
- the presser winding 54 surrounds the optical fiber units 10A and 10B and the inclusions 23a to 23c.
- Each of the optical fiber units 10A and 10B has a plurality of optical fiber cores or optical fiber strands (hereinafter simply referred to as optical fiber 1) and a binding material 2 for binding the optical fiber 1.
- optical fiber units 10A and 10B and the inclusions 23a to 23c extend in the longitudinal direction.
- the optical fiber units 10A and 10B of the present embodiment are so-called intermittent adhesive tape ribbons.
- the plurality of optical fibers 1 When the plurality of optical fibers 1 are pulled in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, they spread in a mesh shape (spider web shape). Glued to each other.
- one optical fiber 1 is bonded to the adjacent two optical fibers 1 at different positions in the longitudinal direction, and the adjacent optical fibers 1 are spaced apart from each other by a certain distance in the longitudinal direction. Are glued together.
- the aspect of the optical fiber units 10A and 10B is not limited to the intermittent adhesive tape ribbon, and may be appropriately changed.
- the optical fiber units 10A and 10B may be obtained by simply bundling a plurality of optical fibers 1 with a binding material 2.
- the optical fiber units 10A and 10B are arranged in two layers, a radially inner layer and a radially outer layer.
- the optical fiber unit 10A is located on the outermost layer.
- the optical fiber unit 10B is located in a layer (hereinafter, referred to as an inner layer) inside the outermost layer.
- the optical fiber unit 10B is located radially inside the optical fiber unit 10A.
- the optical fiber unit 10A located on the outermost layer is also referred to as an outer unit 10A.
- the optical fiber unit 10B other than the optical fiber unit 10A is also referred to as an inner unit 10B.
- three optical fiber units 10B are twisted in an SZ shape or a spiral shape.
- the nine optical fiber units 10A are twisted in an SZ shape so as to surround the three optical fiber units 10B. Note that the number of optical fiber units 10A and 10B can be changed as appropriate.
- the optical fiber unit 10B located in the inner layer is formed in a fan shape, and the optical fiber unit 10A located in the outermost layer is formed in a square shape.
- the optical fiber units 10A and 10B having a circular, elliptical or polygonal cross section are not limited to the illustrated example.
- the core 20 may be constituted by one layer (the layer of the optical fiber unit 10A) without the optical fiber unit 10B.
- the binding material 2 is in the form of an elongated string and is wound around the plurality of optical fibers 1.
- the optical fiber 1 is partially exposed from the gap of the binding material 2. For this reason, when the sheath 55 is incised and the holding roll 54 is removed, the optical fiber 1 can be visually recognized from the gap between the binding materials 2.
- the binding material 2 is formed of a thin and flexible material such as resin. Therefore, even when the optical fibers 1 are bundled with the binding material 2, the optical fibers 1 are appropriately moved to an empty space in the sheath 55 while deforming the binding material 2. Therefore, the cross-sectional shapes of the optical fiber units 10A and 10B in an actual product may not be as shown in FIG.
- the presser winding 54 is formed in a cylindrical shape with the cable center axis O as the center.
- the inner peripheral surface of the presser winding 54 is in contact with the radially outer end of the optical fiber unit 10A.
- the inner peripheral surface of the presser winding 54 is in contact with the inclusion 23a.
- a non-woven fabric, a tape member made of plastic, or the like can be used as the holding roll 54.
- the holding roll 54 may be formed of a material having a water absorbing property such as a water absorbing tape.
- the inclusions 23a to 23c are formed of a fibrous material such as a polyester fiber, an aramid fiber, and a glass fiber.
- the inclusions 23a to 23c may be yarns having water absorbency. In this case, the waterproof performance inside the optical fiber cable 100C can be improved.
- the inclusion 23a is sandwiched between the optical fiber units 10A that are adjacent in the circumferential direction and is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the presser winding 54.
- the inclusion 23a is arranged between the two optical fiber units 10A and the presser winding 54.
- the inclusion 23b is sandwiched between the optical fiber units 10A adjacent in the circumferential direction.
- the inclusion 23b is located radially inward of the inclusion 23a, and is not in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the holding roll 54.
- the inclusions 23a and 23b are twisted in an SZ shape together with the optical fiber unit 10A.
- the inclusions 23a and 23b are arranged at equal positions in the circumferential direction. However, the position of the inclusion 23b in the circumferential direction may be different from the position of the inclusion 23a in the circumferential direction.
- the inclusion 23c is sandwiched between the optical fiber units 10B adjacent in the circumferential direction.
- the inclusion 23c is located radially inward of the inclusions 23a and 23b, and is not in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the holding roll 54.
- the inclusion 23c is twisted in an SZ shape or a spiral shape together with the optical fiber unit 10B. In addition, the inclusion 23c does not need to be arranged.
- the inclusions 23a and 23b are in contact with the optical fiber unit 10A.
- the inclusion 23c is in contact with the optical fiber unit 10B.
- the binding material 2 is in the form of an elongated cord, and is wound around the bundle of optical fibers 1 in a spiral shape, for example. Therefore, portions of the optical fiber 1 that are not covered with the string-shaped binding material 2 partially contact the inclusions 23a to 23c.
- the optical fiber 1 usually has a structure in which a coating material such as resin is coated around an optical fiber bare wire formed of glass. For this reason, the surface of the optical fiber 1 is smooth, and the friction coefficient when the optical fibers 1 contact each other is relatively small.
- the inclusions 23a to 23c are formed of a fibrous material. Therefore, the friction coefficient when the inclusions 23a to 23c and the optical fiber 1 come into contact is larger than the friction coefficient when the optical fibers 1 come into contact with each other.
- the optical fiber unit 10A is twisted in an SZ shape. Accordingly, when the optical fiber cable 100C is bent, the workability of the intermediate rear branch can be improved while suppressing the tension and strain from acting on the optical fiber 1 included in the optical fiber unit 10A. On the other hand, when the optical fiber unit 10A is twisted in an SZ shape, it becomes a problem to suppress untwisting of the optical fiber unit 10A. Further, it is also required to suppress a side pressure acting on the optical fiber unit 10A when a compressive force acts on the optical fiber cable 100C.
- the inclusions 23a (second inclusions) and the inclusions 23b (third inclusions) are twisted together with the optical fiber unit 10A.
- the inclusion 23a is in contact with the holding roll 54 while being sandwiched between the optical fiber units 10A, and the inclusion 23b is located between the optical fiber units 10A radially inward of the inclusion 23a. ing.
- the inclusion 23a is in contact with the holding roll 54, untwisting is less likely to occur as compared with the case where only the optical fiber unit 10A is in contact with the holding roll 54. This is because the frictional force acting between the inclusion 23a and the presser winding 54 is larger than the frictional force acting between the optical fiber unit 10A and the presser winding 54. More specifically, since the inclusion 23a is formed of a fibrous material, the friction coefficient between the inclusion 23a and the presser winding 54 is high.
- the inclusions 23b are arranged between the optical fiber units 10A.
- the presence of the inclusions 23b makes it difficult for the inclusions 23a to move radially inward, so that the state in which the inclusions 23a are in contact with the presser windings 54 can be more reliably maintained. Therefore, the effect of suppressing the untwisting by the inclusions 23a can be more reliably exerted.
- the inclusions 23a and 23b are arranged at the same position in the circumferential direction. With this configuration, it is possible to more reliably suppress the movement of the inclusion 23a toward the inside in the radial direction. Further, the inclusions 23a and 23b are arranged between the optical fiber units 10A in a well-balanced manner. As a result, when a compressive force acts on the optical fiber cable 100C, the inclusions 23a and 23b act as cushioning members, and the lateral pressure acting on the optical fiber 1 included in the optical fiber unit 10A can be reduced.
- the optical fiber unit 10A has the binding material 2 wound around the optical fiber 1, and the optical fiber 1 is partially exposed from the gap between the binding materials 2. For this reason, at the time of the intermediate rear branching operation, the optical fiber 1 can be easily visually recognized by incising the sheath 55 and removing the presser winding 54, thereby improving the workability.
- FIG. 10 shows an optical fiber cable 100D according to the fifth embodiment.
- the fifth embodiment has the same basic configuration as the fourth embodiment, but differs from the optical fiber cable 100C in FIG. 9 in that the optical fiber cable 100D has an inclusion 3c.
- the core 20 includes a plurality of optical fiber units 10A and 10B, a plurality of inclusions 23a to 23c and 3c, and a wrapping tube 54.
- the presser winding 54 wraps the optical fiber units 10A and 10B and the inclusions 23a to 23c and 3c.
- the inclusion 3c is sandwiched between one optical fiber unit 10A and the presser winding 54.
- the inclusion 3c is twisted in an SZ shape together with the optical fiber unit 10A.
- the inclusion 3c is in contact with the presser winding 54 and the optical fiber unit 10A.
- a portion of the optical fiber 1 that is not covered with the string-shaped binding material 2 partially contacts the inclusion 3c.
- the inclusion 3c may be located on a straight line L passing through the center point X of the optical fiber unit 10A and the cable center axis O in a cross-sectional view.
- Example 10 As Example 10, an optical fiber cable having a cross-sectional structure as shown in FIG. 9 was produced.
- the number of optical fibers 1 included in each of the optical fiber units 10A and 10B was 144.
- Three optical fiber units 10B were twisted in an SZ shape, and nine optical fiber units 10A were twisted in an SZ shape on the outer periphery thereof. That is, the total number of the optical fiber units 10A and 10B is 12, and the total number of the optical fibers 1 is 1728.
- Water absorbing yarn was used as the inclusions 23a, 23b, and 23c.
- One inclusion 23a, eight inclusions 23b, and three inclusions 23c were arranged.
- the optical fiber units 10A and 10B were twisted at a setting angle of a twisting device (oscillator) of ⁇ 600 °.
- the “set angle” is a range of an angle at which the oscillator swings. For example, when the set angle is ⁇ 600 °, the oscillator repeats the operation of swinging 600 ° in the CCW direction after swinging 600 ° in the CW direction.
- the optical fiber units 10A and 10B thus twisted were wrapped with a presser winding 54, and further covered with a sheath 55, thereby producing an optical fiber cable.
- Example 11 As Example 11, an optical fiber cable in which the number of the inclusions 23a and 23b was changed from that in Example 10 was produced. Three inclusions 23a, six inclusions 23b, and three inclusions 23c were arranged. Other conditions are the same as in the tenth embodiment.
- Example 12 As Example 12, an optical fiber cable having a cross-sectional structure as shown in FIG. 10 was produced.
- the optical fiber cable of the twelfth embodiment is different from the tenth embodiment in the number of the inclusions 23a and 23b, and further has an inclusion 3c.
- One inclusion 23a, seven inclusions 23b, three inclusions 23c, and one inclusion 3c were arranged. Other conditions are the same as in the tenth embodiment.
- Comparative Example 6 As Comparative Example 6, an optical fiber cable 100C provided with the inclusions 23b and 23c without the inclusion 23a was prepared. Nine inclusions 23b and three inclusions 23c were arranged. Other conditions were the same as in Example 10.
- Table 4 shows the results of confirming the angle (introduction angle) of the SZ twist actually introduced into the optical fiber unit 10A for the optical fiber cables of Examples 10 to 12 and Comparative Example 6.
- the manufactured optical fiber cable is cut at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the position of a specific optical fiber or optical fiber unit in the circumferential direction is measured at each cut surface.
- the rotation angle of a specific optical fiber or optical fiber unit with respect to the cable center axis O was defined as the introduction angle. The larger the difference between the set angle and the introduction angle, the greater the twist of the optical fiber unit 10A.
- the result was good (OK) when the introduction angle was ⁇ 135 ° or more, and the result was insufficient (NG) when the introduction angle was less than ⁇ 135 °.
- the reason why the criterion is that the introduction angle is ⁇ 135 ° or more is as follows.
- the fiber optic cable is bent, for example, if the fiber optic unit 10A is not twisted, the fiber optic unit 10A is compressed inside the fiber optic cable bend and pulled outside the fiber optic cable bend. .
- the optical fiber unit 10A is twisted in an SZ shape at an introduction angle of ⁇ 135 ° or more, one optical fiber unit 10A is securely placed on both the compressed portion and the pulled portion. Is done.
- the tension and the compression acting on the optical fiber unit 10A are canceled each other, and the tension acting on the optical fiber 1 can be suppressed.
- the introduction angles were larger in Examples 10 to 12 than in Comparative Example 6.
- the introduction angle was ⁇ 135 ° or more, and good results were obtained. This is because the inclusion 23a is in contact with the presser winding 54, so that the optical fiber unit 10A can be prevented from being untwisted by the frictional force between the inclusion 23a and the presser winding 54. From a comparison between Examples 10 to 12 and Comparative Example 6, it was confirmed that the inclusion 23a in contact with the presser roll 54 can suppress the untwisting of the optical fiber unit 10A located at the outermost layer. Further, from a comparison between Examples 10 and 12 and Comparative Example 6, it was confirmed that an appropriate introduction angle could be obtained by arranging at least one inclusion 23a in contact with the presser winding 54.
- the total number of the inclusions 23a and 3c in contact with the presser winding 54 is one in Example 10, two in Example 12, and three in Example 11.
- the numbers increase in this order.
- the introduction angle is ⁇ 150 ° in Example 10, ⁇ 155 ° in Example 12, and ⁇ 160 ° in Example 11, and the larger the total number of the inclusions 23a and 3c in contact with the presser winding 54, the larger the number.
- the introduction angle is large.
- the outer layer interposition density D is the density of inclusions interposed between the optical fiber units located in the outermost layer among the plurality of optical fiber units included in the core.
- a virtual circle C1 shown in FIG. 11 is an arc connecting the radially inner ends of the plurality of optical fiber units 10A located on the outermost layer.
- the virtual circle C2 is an arc connecting the radially outer ends of the plurality of optical fiber units 10A located on the outermost layer.
- the virtual circle C2 substantially overlaps with the inner peripheral surface of the holding roll 54.
- Dimension r 1 is the radius of the imaginary circle C1
- the dimension r 2 is the radius of a virtual circle C2.
- the dimension r 1 is the distance between the radially inner end and the cable center axis O of the optical fiber unit 10A located in the outermost layer.
- the dimensional r 2 is the distance between the cable center axis O (the inner circumferential surface of the pressing winding 54) radially outer end of the optical fiber unit 10A located in the outermost layer.
- the positions of the radially inner ends of the plurality of optical fiber units 10A located in the outermost layer are not uniform (the virtual circle C1 in FIG. 11 is non-circular).
- the dimension r 1 the average value of the distance between the radially inner end and the cable center axis O of the optical fiber unit 10A.
- the virtual circle C2 is non-circular.
- the twist state is different between the outermost layer (the layer of the optical fiber unit 10A) and the inner layer (the layer of the optical fiber unit 10B).
- the roles of the inclusions 23a, 23b, 3c located in the outermost layer and the inclusions 23c located in the inner layer are different. More specifically, the inclusions 23a and 3c are in contact with the holding roll 54 to suppress untwisting, and the inclusion 23b suppresses the inclusion 23a from moving inward in the radial direction. For this reason, for the inclusions 23a, 23b, and 3c arranged in the outermost layer, it is preferable to set the density in the outermost layer to an appropriate value.
- the cross-sectional area A of the outermost layer is defined by the following equation (1).
- the sectional area A is the area of a region surrounded by the virtual circles C1 and C2.
- A ⁇ ⁇ r 2 2 - ⁇ ⁇ r 1 2 ...
- the outer layer interposition density D is defined by the following equation (2).
- D S ⁇ A (2)
- S is the total value of the cross-sectional areas of the inclusions 23a, 23b, and 3c arranged in the region between the virtual circles C1 and C2.
- Equation (2) can also be expressed as equation (2) ′ below.
- D S ⁇ ( ⁇ ⁇ r 2 2 - ⁇ ⁇ r 1 2) ... (2) '
- Table 5 shows the results of preparing a plurality of optical fiber cables by changing the outer layer interposition density D.
- the conditions other than the amounts of the inclusions 23a and 23b are the same as those of the tenth embodiment.
- the inclusions 23a and 23b were arranged such that the amounts were equal to each other.
- Transmission loss in Table 5 shows a measurement result according to ICEA S-87-640-2016. More specifically, for a single mode optical fiber, the result was good (OK) when the transmission loss at a wavelength of 1550 nm was less than 0.30 dB / km, and the result was insufficient (NG) when the transmission loss was more than 0.30 dB / km. “Comprehensive judgment” in Table 5 was judged as good (OK) when the results of both the introduction angle and the transmission loss were good. It should be noted that, as in the description of the tenth embodiment, the criterion for determining the introduction angle was good when the angle was ⁇ 135 ° or more.
- the optical fiber unit 10A can be prevented from being untwisted, and The lateral pressure acting on the fiber 1 can be kept small.
- the optical fiber cable 100D includes a plurality of optical fiber units 10A and 10B each having a plurality of optical fibers, a holding roll 54 that wraps the plurality of optical fiber units 10A and 10B, and an inside of the holding roll 54.
- a plurality of outer units 10A which are disposed at the outermost layer among the plurality of optical fiber units 10A and 10B, include at least one interposed object 3c and a sheath 55 that covers the presser winding 54. Are interposed in the SZ shape around the center, and the inclusion 3c is sandwiched between one outer unit 10A and the presser winding 54 in a cross sectional view.
- the inclusions 23a and 3c are radially compressed between the optical fiber unit 10A and the presser winding 54. That is, the inclusions 23a and 3c twisted together with the optical fiber unit 10A are pressed against the holding roll 54. Since the inclusions 23a and 3c are formed of a fibrous material, the interference between the optical fiber 1 and the inclusions 23a and 3c and the inclusion 23a is smaller than the friction coefficient between the optical fiber 1 and the presser winding 54. , 3c and the holding roll 54 have a larger coefficient of friction.
- the frictional force generated when the optical fiber unit 10A is pressed against the holding roll 54 with the inclusions 23a and 3c interposed therebetween is smaller than the frictional force generated when the optical fiber unit 10A is pressed directly against the holding roll 54. Is larger.
- the inclusion 3c is surrounded by one optical fiber unit 10A and the presser winding 54. Therefore, when the bundle of the optical fiber units 10 is about to expand outward in the radial direction, the inclusion 3c is more reliably sandwiched between the optical fiber unit 10A and the presser winding 54. In addition, the inclusion 3c is less likely to move radially inward by the optical fiber unit 10A, and the state in which the inclusion 3c is in contact with the holding roll 54 can be more reliably maintained.
- the inclusion 3c may be located on a straight line passing through the cable central axis O and the central point X of one optical fiber unit 10A in a cross-sectional view.
- At least one second inclusion 23a and at least one third inclusion 23b located between adjacent optical fiber units 10A are further provided, and the second inclusion 23a is in contact with The thing 23b may be located inside the second inclusion 23a in the radial direction.
- the presence of the inclusions 23b makes it difficult for the inclusions 23a to move inward in the radial direction, so that the state in which the inclusions 23a are in contact with the presser winding 54 can be maintained more reliably. Therefore, the effect of suppressing the untwisting by the inclusions 23a can be more reliably exerted.
- the inclusions 23a and the inclusions 23b may be arranged at the same position in the circumferential direction. With this configuration, it is possible to more reliably suppress the movement of the inclusion 23a toward the inside in the radial direction. Further, the inclusions 23a and 23b are arranged between the optical fiber units 10A in a well-balanced manner. Thus, when a compressive force acts on the optical fiber cable 100D, the inclusions 23a and 23b act as cushioning materials, and the lateral pressure acting on the optical fiber 1 included in the optical fiber unit 10A can be reduced.
- the distance between the radially inner end and the cable center axis O of the optical fiber unit 10A and r 1, the distance between the radially outer end and the cable center axis O of the optical fiber unit 10A and r 2, inclusions 23a ⁇ 23c, among 3c, when the distance from the cable center axis O and S the sum of the cross-sectional area of the portion in the range of r 1 or r 2 or less, D S ⁇ ( the outer layer interposed density D represented by ⁇ ⁇ r 2 2 - ⁇ ⁇ r 1 2) may be 0.05 to 0.20.
- the inclusions 23a to 23c and 3c may be formed of a fibrous material. Thereby, the frictional force when the inclusions 23a to 23c and 3c come into contact with the optical fiber 1 and the presser winding 54 can be increased.
- the optical fiber units 10A and 10B may include the binding material 2 wound around the plurality of optical fibers 1, and the optical fiber 1 may be partially exposed from the gap between the binding materials 2. Thereby, the optical fiber 1 exposed from the gap of the binding material 2 can be brought into contact with the inclusions 23a to 23c and 3c.
- the core 20 includes two layers of optical fiber units 10A and 10B.
- the number of layers of the optical fiber unit included in the core 20 may be one, or may be three or more.
- an intervening member is disposed between the optical fiber units (the optical fiber unit 10B in the examples of FIGS. 9 and 10) included in the layers other than the outermost layer. You do not have to.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2018年9月11日に日本に出願された特願2018-169597号、2018年10月15日に日本に出願された特願2018-194103号、および2018年11月9日に日本に出願された特願2018-211366号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
例えば特許文献1の光ファイバケーブルでは、複数のテープ心線を積層し、その周囲にユニット被覆層を設けることで光ファイバユニットを形成している。当該光ファイバユニットの周囲に介在物を設けることで、光ファイバケーブルの横断面の形状を円形にしやすくしている。
また、特許文献2の光ファイバケーブルでは、光ファイバユニット同士の間に挟まれるように介在物を配置している。これにより、光ファイバケーブル内における光ファイバユニットの移動を抑制している。
以下、第1実施形態の光ファイバケーブルについて図面に基づいて説明する。
図1に示すように、光ファイバケーブル100は、複数の光ファイバユニット10を有するコア20と、コア20を内部に収容するシース55と、シース55に埋設された一対の抗張力体56(テンションメンバ)および一対の線条体57と、を備えている。コア20は、複数の光ファイバユニット10を包む押さえ巻き54を有している。
本実施形態では、光ファイバケーブル100の中心軸線をケーブル中心軸Oという。また、ケーブル中心軸Oに沿う方向(光ファイバユニット10の長手方向)を単に長手方向という。ケーブル中心軸Oに直交する断面(長手方向に直交する断面)を横断面という。横断面視(図1)において、ケーブル中心軸Oに交差する方向を径方向といい、ケーブル中心軸O周りに周回する方向を周方向という。
なお、横断面視において、光ファイバケーブル100が非円形である場合には、光ファイバケーブル100の図心にケーブル中心軸Oが位置する。
一対の線条体57は、コア20を径方向で挟むように配置されている。各線条体57は、コア20の外周面(押さえ巻き54の外周面)に接している。なお、シース55に埋設される線条体57の数は、1または3以上であってもよい。
一対の抗張力体56は、コア20を径方向で挟んで配置されている。また、一対の抗張力体56は、コア20から径方向に間隔をあけて配置されている。なお、シース55に埋設される抗張力体56の数は、1または3以上であってもよい。また、抗張力体56はシース55に埋設されていなくてもよい。
突起58と線条体57とは、周方向において同等の位置に配置されている。なお、突起58は、線条体57を取り出すためにシース55を切開する際の目印となる。突起58に代えて、例えばシース55の一部の色を他の部位と異ならせることで、線条体57の位置を示す目印を設けてもよい。
なお、光ファイバユニット10の態様は間欠接着型テープ心線に限られず、適宜変更してもよい。例えば、光ファイバユニット10は、複数の光ファイバ1を単に結束材2で束ねたものであってもよい。
介在物3aは、内側ユニット10Bとともに撚り合わされている。介在物3b、3cは、外側ユニット10Aとともに撚り合わされている。
つまり本実施形態では、外側ユニット10Aが径方向外側に膨らもうとしたとき、介在物3b、3cが大きな摩擦力を生じさせる。この摩擦力により、外側ユニット10Aが押さえ巻き54に対して移動しにくくなり、外側ユニット10Aの撚り戻りを抑制することが可能となっている。
以下、具体的な実施例を用いて、上記第1実施形態を説明する。なお、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されない。
実施例1として、図1に示すような断面構造を有する光ファイバケーブルを作成した。
各光ファイバユニット10に含まれる光ファイバ1の数は、144本とした。3本の内側ユニット10BをSZ状に撚り合わせ、その外周に9本の外側ユニット10AをSZ状に撚り合わせた。すなわち、光ファイバユニット10の数は合計で12であり、光ファイバ1の数は合計で1728である。介在物3a、3b、3cとして、吸水性のヤーンを用いた。介在物3aを3本、介在物3bを8本、介在物3cを1本配置した。
撚り合わされた光ファイバユニット10を押さえ巻き54で包み、さらにシース55で被覆することで光ファイバケーブルを作成する。
実施例2として、介在物3b、3cの数を実施例1から変更した光ファイバケーブルを作成した。介在物3aを3本、介在物3bを6本、介在物3cを3本配置した。その他の条件は実施例1と同様である。
実施例3として、介在物3a、3b、3cの数を実施例1から変更した光ファイバケーブルを作成した。介在物3a、3bを配置せず、介在物3cのみを6本配置した。その他の条件は実施例1と同様である。
実施例4として、介在物3a、3b、3cの数を実施例1から変更した光ファイバケーブルを作成した。介在物3aを配置せず、介在物3bを6本、介在物3cを3本配置した。さらに、図2に示すような介在物3dを3本配置した。介在物3dは、径方向で内側ユニット10Bと外側ユニット10Aとの間に挟まれている。介在物3dは、1つの外側ユニット10Aと1つの内側ユニット10Bとの間に配置されている。その他の条件は実施例1と同様である。
実施例5として、介在物3a、3b、3cの数を実施例1から変更した光ファイバケーブルを作成した。介在物3bを配置せず、介在物3aを3本、介在物3cを9本配置した。その他の条件は実施例1と同様である。
比較例1として、介在物3cを設けず、介在物3a、3bを設けた光ファイバケーブル100を作成した。介在物3aを3本、介在物3bを9本配置した。その他の条件は実施例1と同様とした。
また、コア20に光ファイバユニットの層が複数含まれる場合、最外層以外の層に含まれる光ファイバユニット(図1の例では内側ユニット10B)同士の間には介在物が配置されていなくてもよい。
以下、第2実施形態の光ファイバケーブルについて図面に基づいて説明する。第1実施形態と同様の部材については、同じ符号を付けて、説明を省略することがある。
図4に示すように、光ファイバケーブル100Aは、複数の光ファイバユニット10を有するコア20と、コア20を内部に収容するシース55と、シース55に埋設された一対の抗張力体56(テンションメンバ)および一対の線条体57と、を備えている。コア20は、複数の光ファイバユニット10を包む押さえ巻き54を有している。
本実施形態では、光ファイバケーブル100Aの中心軸線をケーブル中心軸Oという。また、光ファイバケーブル100Aの長手方向(光ファイバユニット10の長手方向)を単に長手方向という。長手方向に直交する断面(ケーブル中心軸Oに直交する断面)を横断面という。横断面視(図4)において、ケーブル中心軸Oに交差する方向を径方向といい、ケーブル中心軸O周りに周回する方向を周方向という。
なお、横断面視において、光ファイバケーブル100Aが非円形である場合には、光ファイバケーブル100Aの図心にケーブル中心軸Oが位置する。
一対の線条体57は、コア20を径方向で挟むように配置されている。各線条体57は、コア20の外周面(押さえ巻き54の外周面)に接している。なお、シース55に埋設される線条体57の数は、1または3以上であってもよい。
一対の抗張力体56は、コア20を径方向で挟んで配置されている。また、一対の抗張力体56は、コア20から径方向に間隔をあけて配置されている。なお、シース55に埋設される抗張力体56の数は、1または3以上であってもよい。また、抗張力体56はシース55に埋設されていなくてもよい。
突起58と線条体57とは、周方向において同等の位置に配置されている。なお、突起58は、線条体57を取り出すためにシース55を切開する際の目印となる。突起58に代えて、例えばシース55の一部の色を他の部位と異ならせることで、線条体57の位置を示す目印を設けてもよい。
なお、光ファイバユニット10の態様は間欠接着型テープ心線に限られず、適宜変更してもよい。例えば、光ファイバユニット10は、複数の光ファイバ1を単に結束材2で束ねたものであってもよい。
図4の例では、3つの内側ユニット10Bが、ケーブル中心軸Oを中心として、互いにSZ状または螺旋状に撚り合わされている。また、9つの外側ユニット10Aが、3つの内側ユニット10Bを囲むように、ケーブル中心軸Oを中心としてSZ状に撚り合わされている。なお、光ファイバユニット10の数は適宜変更可能である。
以下、第3実施形態の光ファイバケーブルについて図面に基づいて説明する。第1実施形態と同様の部材については、同じ符号を付けて、説明を省略することがある。
図5に、第3実施形態に係る光ファイバケーブル100Bを示す。第3実施形態は、第2実施形態と基本的な構成は同様であるが、光ファイバケーブル100Bは、介在物3cを有する点が図4の光ファイバケーブル100Aとは異なる。
介在物3cは、押さえ巻き54および外側ユニット10Aに接している。また、光ファイバ1のうち、紐状の結束材2に覆われていない部分は、部分的に介在物3cに接触する。
また、横断面視において、外側ユニット10Aの中心点Xと、ケーブル中心軸Oとを通る直線L上に、介在物3cが位置していてもよい。
一方で、外側ユニット10AをSZ状に撚り合わせた場合には、外側ユニット10Aの撚り戻りを抑制することが課題となる。また、光ファイバケーブル100A、100Bに圧縮力が作用した際に、外側ユニット10Aに作用する側圧を抑制することも求められている。
まず、介在物13a、13bを外側ユニット10A同士の間に配置することの効果を確認した結果を説明する。ここでは、表2に示す8つの光ファイバケーブル(実施例6~9、比較例2~5)を作成した。なお、実施例6~9および比較例2~5では、介在物13a~13dとして、吸水性のヤーンを用いている。
実施例6の光ファイバケーブルでは、1つの光ファイバユニット10に含まれる光ファイバ1の数は、144本とした。3本の内側ユニット10BをSZ状に撚り合わせ、その外周に9本の外側ユニット10AをSZ状に撚り合わせた。すなわち、光ファイバユニット10の数は合計で12であり、光ファイバ1の数は合計で1728である。介在物13aを8本設けたが、介在物13b~13dは設けなかった。介在物13aは、外側ユニット10A同士の間に、それぞれ1本ずつ配置した。
実施例7として、介在物13a~13dの数を実施例6から変更した光ファイバケーブルを作成した。介在物13aを5本設け、介在物13cを3本設けた。設定角度は±500°とした。その他の条件は実施例6と同様とした。
実施例8として、介在物13a~13dの数を実施例6から変更した光ファイバケーブルを作成した。図7に示すように、介在物13aを1本、介在物13cを3本、介在物13dを4本設けた。4本の介在物13dのうち、1本をケーブル中心軸Oと同軸上に配置し、その1本の周囲に、残りの3本を沿わせて配置した。設定角度は±600°とした。その他の条件は実施例6と同様とした。
実施例9として、介在物13a~13dの数を実施例6から変更した光ファイバケーブルを作成した。図8に示すように、介在物13aを1本、介在物13bを4本、介在物13cを3本設けた。介在物13dは設けなかった。設定角度は±500°とした。その他の条件は実施例6と同様とした。
比較例2として、介在物13a、13bを設けず、介在物13cを3本、介在物13dを5本設けた光ファイバケーブル100Aを作成した。設定角度は±600°とした。その他の条件は実施例6と同様とした。
比較例3として、介在物13c、13dの数を比較例2から変更した光ファイバケーブル100Aを作成した。その他の条件は比較例2と同様とした。
比較例4として、介在物13c、13dの数を比較例2から変更した光ファイバケーブル100Aを作成した。介在物13cを3本設け、介在物13dは設けなかった。その他の条件は比較例2と同様とした。
比較例5として、介在物13b~13dの数を比較例2から変更した光ファイバケーブル100Aを作成した。介在物13bを4本、介在物13cを3本、介在物13dを1本設けた。その他の条件は比較例2と同様とした。
また、実施例9と比較例5との対比から、少なくとも1本の介在物13aを設けることで、大きな撚り戻り抑止効果が得られることが確認された。
また、実施例8と実施例9との対比から、内側ユニット10B同士に挟まれている介在物13dよりも、外側ユニット10A同士に挟まれている介在物13bの方が、撚り戻り抑止効果が大きいことが確認された。
また、比較例2~5より、介在物13b~13dの数や配置の変更が、撚り戻り抑止効果に与える影響は少ないことが確認された。
ここでは、「外層介在密度D」のパラメータを用いる。外層介在密度Dとは、コアに含まれる複数の光ファイバユニット10のうち、外側ユニット10A同士の間に挟まれた介在物の密度である。
A=π×r2 2-π×r1 2 …(1)
また、外層介在密度Dを、以下の数式(2)により定義する。
D=S÷A …(2)
数式(2)において、Sは仮想円C1、C2の間の領域に配置される介在物13a、13b、3cの断面積の合計値である。換言すると、Sは、介在物13a~13d、3cのうち、ケーブル中心軸Oからの距離がr1以上r2以下の範囲にある部分の断面積の合計値である。
D=S÷(π×r2 2-π×r1 2) …(2)’
表3の「総合判定」は、導入角度および伝送損失の双方の結果が良好の場合に、良好(OK)とした。なお、導入角度の判定基準は、実施例6での説明と同様、±135°以上の場合に良好とした。
一方、D=0.00の場合には、伝送損失は良好であったが、導入角度が基準値(±135°)未満であったため、総合判定が不十分となった。これは、介在物13a、3cが配置されておらず、撚り戻りを抑制できなかったためである。
また、D=0.25の場合は、導入角度は良好であったが、伝送損失が基準値(0.30dB/km)以上であったため、総合判定が不十分となった。これは、介在物13a、3cを過剰に配置しすぎたことで、かえって外側ユニット10Aの光ファイバ1に作用する側圧が増大してしまったためである。
この構成により、光ファイバユニット10Aが径方向外側に向けて膨らもうとする力を、より効率よく摩擦力に変換することができる。したがって、より確実に光ファイバユニット10Aの撚り戻りを抑制することができる。
また、コア20に光ファイバユニットの層が複数含まれる場合、最外層以外の層に含まれる光ファイバユニット(図4、5の例では内側ユニット10B)同士の間には介在物が配置されていなくてもよい。
また、光ファイバケーブル100Bにおいて、ケーブルの中心部に複数の介在物13dが配置されていてもよい。介在物13dはケーブル中心軸Oと同軸上に位置していなくてもよい。介在物13dは配置されていなくてもよい。
以下、本実施形態の光ファイバケーブルについて図面に基づいて説明する。第1実施形態と同様の部材については、同じ符号を付けて、説明を省略することがある。
図9に示すように、光ファイバケーブル100Cは、複数の光ファイバユニット10A、10Bを有するコア20と、コア20を内部に収容するシース55と、シース55に埋設された一対の抗張力体56(テンションメンバ)および一対の線条体57と、を備えている。コア20は、複数の光ファイバユニット10A、10Bを包む押さえ巻き54を有している。
本実施形態では、光ファイバケーブル100Cの中心軸線をケーブル中心軸Oという。また、光ファイバケーブル100Cの長手方向(光ファイバユニット10A、10Bの長手方向)を単に長手方向という。長手方向に直交する断面を横断面という。横断面視(図9)において、ケーブル中心軸Oに交差する方向を径方向といい、ケーブル中心軸O周りに周回する方向を周方向という。
なお、横断面視において、光ファイバケーブル100Cが非円形である場合には、光ファイバケーブル100Cの図心にケーブル中心軸Oが位置する。
一対の線条体57は、コア20を径方向で挟むように配置されている。各線条体57は、コア20の外周面(押さえ巻き54の外周面)に接している。なお、シース55に埋設される線条体57の数は、1または3以上であってもよい。
一対の抗張力体56は、コア20を径方向で挟んで配置されている。また、一対の抗張力体56は、コア20から径方向に間隔をあけて配置されている。なお、シース55に埋設される抗張力体56の数は、1または3以上であってもよい。また、抗張力体56はシース55に埋設されていなくてもよい。
突起58と線条体57とは、周方向において同等の位置に配置されている。なお、突起58は、線条体57を取り出すためにシース55を切開する際の目印となる。突起58に代えて、例えばシース55の一部の色を他の部位と異ならせることで、線条体57の位置を示す目印を設けてもよい。
なお、光ファイバユニット10A、10Bの態様は間欠接着型テープ心線に限られず、適宜変更してもよい。例えば、光ファイバユニット10A、10Bは、複数の光ファイバ1を単に結束材2で束ねたものであってもよい。
介在物23bは、周方向で隣り合う光ファイバユニット10A同士の間に挟まれている。
介在物23bは、介在物23aよりも径方向内側に位置しており、押さえ巻き54の内周面に接していない。介在物23a、23bは、光ファイバユニット10Aとともに、SZ状に撚り合わされている。介在物23aと介在物23bとは、周方向において同等の位置に配置されている。ただし、介在物23bの周方向における位置は、介在物23aの周方向における位置と異なっていてもよい。
介在物23cは、介在物23a、23bよりも径方向内側に位置しており、押さえ巻き54の内周面に接していない。介在物23cは、光ファイバユニット10Bとともに、SZ状または螺旋状に撚り合わされている。なお、介在物23cは配置されていなくてもよい。
一方で、光ファイバユニット10AをSZ状に撚り合わせた場合には、光ファイバユニット10Aの撚り戻りを抑制することが課題となる。また、光ファイバケーブル100Cに圧縮力が作用した際に、光ファイバユニット10Aに作用する側圧を抑制することも求められている。
また、介在物23aと介在物23bとが周方向において同じ位置に配置されている。この構成により、介在物23aの径方向内側に向けた移動をより確実に抑制することができる。さらに、介在物23a、23bがバランスよく光ファイバユニット10A同士の間に配置される。これにより、光ファイバケーブル100Cに圧縮力が作用した場合には、介在物23a、23bが緩衝材として作用し、光ファイバユニット10Aに含まれる光ファイバ1に作用する側圧を低減させることができる。
以下、第5実施形態の光ファイバケーブルについて図面に基づいて説明する。第1実施形態と同様の部材については、同じ符号を付けて、説明を省略することがある。
図10に、第5実施形態に係る光ファイバケーブル100Dを示す。第5実施形態は、第4実施形態と基本的な構成は同様であるが、光ファイバケーブル100Dは、介在物3cを有する点が図9の光ファイバケーブル100Cとは異なる。
介在物3cは、押さえ巻き54および光ファイバユニット10Aに接している。また、光ファイバ1のうち、紐状の結束材2に覆われていない部分は、部分的に介在物3cに接触する。
また、横断面視において、光ファイバユニット10Aの中心点Xと、ケーブル中心軸Oとを通る直線L上に、介在物3cが位置していてもよい。
以下、具体的な実施例を用いて、上記第4および第5実施形態を説明する。なお、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されない。
本実施例では、介在物の最適な配置および量について検討した。
実施例10として、図9に示すような断面構造を有する光ファイバケーブルを作成した。
各光ファイバユニット10A、10Bに含まれる光ファイバ1の数は、144本とした。3本の光ファイバユニット10BをSZ状に撚り合わせ、その外周に9本の光ファイバユニット10AをSZ状に撚り合わせた。すなわち、光ファイバユニット10A、10Bの数は合計で12であり、光ファイバ1の数は合計で1728である。介在物23a、23b、23cとして、吸水性のヤーンを用いた。介在物23aを1本、介在物23bを8本、介在物23cを3本配置した。
実施例11として、介在物23a、23bの数を実施例10から変更した光ファイバケーブルを作成した。介在物23aを3本、介在物23bを6本、介在物23cを3本配置した。その他の条件は実施例10と同様である。
実施例12として、図10に示すような断面構造を有する光ファイバケーブルを作成した。実施例12の光ファイバケーブルは、介在物23a、23bの数を実施例10から変更し、さらに介在物3cを有する。介在物23aを1本、介在物23bを7本、介在物23cを3本、介在物3cを1本配置した。その他の条件は実施例10と同様である。
比較例6として、介在物23aを設けず、介在物23b、23cを設けた光ファイバケーブル100Cを作成した。介在物23bを9本、介在物23cを3本配置した。その他の条件は実施例10と同様とした。
これは、介在物23aが押さえ巻き54に接することで、介在物23aと押さえ巻き54との摩擦力によって光ファイバユニット10Aの撚り戻りを抑止できたためである。
実施例10~12と比較例6との対比から、押さえ巻き54に接する介在物23aにより、最外層に位置する光ファイバユニット10Aの撚り戻りを抑制できることが確認された。また、実施例10、12と比較例6との対比から、押さえ巻き54に接する介在物23aを少なくとも1本配置することで、適切な導入角度を得られることが確認された。
ここでは、「外層介在密度D」のパラメータを用いる。外層介在密度Dとは、コアに含まれる複数の光ファイバユニットのうち、最外層に位置する光ファイバユニット同士の間に挟まれた介在物の密度である。
A=π×r2 2-π×r1 2 …(1)
また、外層介在密度Dを、以下の数式(2)により定義する。
D=S÷A …(2)
数式(2)において、Sは仮想円C1、C2の間の領域に配置される介在物23a、23b、3cの断面積の合計値である。
D=S÷(π×r2 2-π×r1 2) …(2)’
表5の「総合判定」は、導入角度および伝送損失の双方の結果が良好の場合に、良好(OK)とした。なお、導入角度の判定基準は、実施例10での説明と同様、±135°以上の場合に良好とした。
一方、D=0.00の場合には、伝送損失は良好であったが、導入角度が基準値(±135°)未満であったため、総合判定が不十分となった。これは、介在物23a、23bが配置されておらず、撚り戻りを抑制できなかったためである。
また、D=0.25の場合は、導入角度は良好であったが、伝送損失が基準値(0.30dB/km)以上であったため、総合判定が不十分となった。これは、介在物23a、23bを過剰に配置しすぎたことで、かえって光ファイバユニット10Aの光ファイバ1に作用する側圧が増大してしまったためである。
この構成により、光ファイバユニット10Aが径方向外側に向けて膨らもうとする力を、より効率よく摩擦力に変換することができる。したがって、より確実に光ファイバユニット10Aの撚り戻りを抑制することができる。
また、コア20に光ファイバユニットの層が複数含まれる場合、最外層以外の層に含まれる光ファイバユニット(図9、10の例では光ファイバユニット10B)同士の間には介在物が配置されていなくてもよい。
Claims (8)
- 複数の光ファイバをそれぞれ有する複数の光ファイバユニットと、
前記複数の光ファイバユニットを包む押さえ巻きと、
前記押さえ巻きの内側に配置された少なくとも1つの介在物と、
前記押さえ巻きを被覆するシースと、を備え、
前記複数の光ファイバユニットのうち最外層に位置する複数の外側ユニットは、ケーブル中心軸を中心としてSZ状に撚り合わされ、
横断面視において、1つの前記外側ユニットと前記押さえ巻きとの間に前記介在物が挟まれている、光ファイバケーブル。 - 横断面視において、前記ケーブル中心軸と1つの前記外側ユニットの中心点とを通る直線上に前記介在物が位置している、請求項1に記載の光ファイバケーブル。
- 前記外側ユニットの径方向内側の端部と前記ケーブル中心軸との間の距離をr1とし、
前記外側ユニットの径方向外側の端部と前記ケーブル中心軸との間の距離をr2とし、
前記介在物のうち、前記ケーブル中心軸からの距離がr1以上r2以下の範囲にある部分の断面積の合計値をSとするとき、
D=S÷(π×r2 2-π×r1 2)により表される外層介在密度Dが0.05以上0.20以下である、請求項1に記載の光ファイバケーブル。 - 隣り合う前記光ファイバユニット同士の間に位置する少なくとも1つの第2介在物および少なくとも1つの第3介在物をさらに備え、
前記第2介在物は前記押さえ巻きに接し、
前記第3介在物は、径方向において、前記第2介在物よりも内側に位置している、請求項1に記載の光ファイバケーブル。 - 前記第2介在物と前記第3介在物とが、前記光ファイバケーブルのケーブル中心軸周りの周方向において同等の位置に配置されている、請求項4に記載の光ファイバケーブル。
- 最外層に位置する前記光ファイバユニットの径方向内側の端部と前記光ファイバケーブルのケーブル中心軸との間の距離をr1とし、
最外層に位置する前記光ファイバユニットの径方向外側の端部と前記ケーブル中心軸との間の距離をr2とし、
前記介在物、前記第2介在物、および前記第3介在物の断面積のうち、前記ケーブル中心軸からの距離がr1以上r2以下の範囲にある部分の合計値をSとするとき、
D=S÷(π×r2 2-π×r1 2)により表される外層介在密度Dが0.05以上0.20以下である、請求項4または5に記載の光ファイバケーブル。 - 前記介在物は、繊維状の材質により形成されている、請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の光ファイバケーブル。
- 前記光ファイバユニットは、前記複数の光ファイバに巻き付けられた結束材を有し、
前記光ファイバが部分的に前記結束材の隙間から露出している、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の光ファイバケーブル。
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EP3800492B1 (en) | 2023-03-22 |
CA3205489A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 |
CN116299922A (zh) | 2023-06-23 |
AU2022202391B2 (en) | 2024-03-14 |
EP4184229A1 (en) | 2023-05-24 |
AU2019338756A1 (en) | 2021-01-28 |
EP3800492A4 (en) | 2021-07-21 |
CN116299923A (zh) | 2023-06-23 |
ES2942891T3 (es) | 2023-06-07 |
US20230161125A1 (en) | 2023-05-25 |
US11592634B2 (en) | 2023-02-28 |
CN112400130A (zh) | 2021-02-23 |
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CN112400130B (zh) | 2023-04-11 |
AU2022202391A1 (en) | 2022-05-05 |
EP3800492A1 (en) | 2021-04-07 |
AU2019338756B2 (en) | 2022-01-13 |
CA3106482C (en) | 2024-05-07 |
CA3106482A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 |
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