WO2020019736A1 - 移动换电装置的调度方法、系统、调度服务器和设备 - Google Patents

移动换电装置的调度方法、系统、调度服务器和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020019736A1
WO2020019736A1 PCT/CN2019/078846 CN2019078846W WO2020019736A1 WO 2020019736 A1 WO2020019736 A1 WO 2020019736A1 CN 2019078846 W CN2019078846 W CN 2019078846W WO 2020019736 A1 WO2020019736 A1 WO 2020019736A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power exchange
mobile power
exchange device
mobile
vehicle
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PCT/CN2019/078846
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨潮
赵建智
陈炯
Original Assignee
蔚来汽车有限公司
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Application filed by 蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority to EP19842294.1A priority Critical patent/EP3828842A4/en
Publication of WO2020019736A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020019736A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
    • G07F15/003—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity
    • G07F15/005—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity dispensed for the electrical charging of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
    • G06Q20/14—Payment architectures specially adapted for billing systems
    • G06Q20/145—Payments according to the detected use or quantity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
    • G07F15/003—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity
    • G07F15/006—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity dispensed for the electrical charging of other devices than vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/06—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by returnable containers, i.e. reverse vending systems in which a user is rewarded for returning a container that serves as a token of value, e.g. bottles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of charging and replacing electric vehicles, and in particular, to a scheduling method, system, scheduling server, and equipment for a mobile electric switching device.
  • the vehicle owner has mileage anxiety, that is, the vehicle owner may worry about sudden power failure when driving an electric vehicle, thereby causing mental pain or anxiety.
  • the valet energy supplement or power exchange mode can solve the above problems to a certain extent, but the valet energy supplement or power exchange mode has the following disadvantages:
  • the service personnel need to drive the owner's car to recharge or change the electricity, and the owner may have concerns; it is also troublesome to deal with problems such as vehicle bumps during the valet service; due to the need for a large number of valet service personnel, a single service The cost is still relatively high.
  • the present invention proposes a scheduling method, system, scheduling server, and equipment for a mobile power switching device, which effectively solves the problem of difficult charging and switching due to a small number of charging and switching points in the power grid.
  • a scheduling method for a mobile power exchange device which includes the following steps:
  • Step S10 Receive power exchange request information initiated by a user terminal; the power exchange request information includes a requested service mode;
  • Step S20 Based on the requested service mode, allocate a mobile power switching device to the user terminal according to a preset mobile power switching device allocation policy.
  • the service mode includes: a self-service mode and a sharing mode;
  • the power exchange request information further includes: an ID of a mobile power exchange device requesting allocation;
  • the power exchange request information further includes ID and location information of a vehicle to be replaced.
  • the preset mobile power exchange device allocation strategy includes:
  • the service mode is a self-service mode
  • the mobile switching device requesting allocation if the mobile switching device requesting allocation is in an idle state, the mobile switching device requesting allocation is allocated to the user terminal; otherwise, the user The terminal specifies a matching mobile power exchange device, and returns the ID of the mobile power exchange device;
  • the service mode is a sharing mode, selecting a matching mobile power exchange device for the user terminal according to the power exchange request information;
  • the mobile power exchange device requesting allocation is a mobile power exchange device that is independently selected by the user terminal.
  • the step of "designating a matching mobile power exchange device for the user terminal" specifically includes:
  • Acquiring information of each mobile power exchange device that is currently in an idle state where the information of the mobile power exchange device includes: ID and location information of the mobile power exchange device, and whether or not a fully charged power battery pack is carried;
  • the user is selected from the mobile power exchange device in an idle state and loaded with a full electric power battery pack
  • the mobile terminal specifies a mobile power exchange device closest to the vehicle to be replaced.
  • "selecting a matching mobile power exchange device for the user terminal according to the power exchange request information" further includes:
  • Acquiring information of each mobile power exchange device that is currently in an idle state where the information of the mobile power exchange device includes: ID and location information of the mobile power exchange device, and whether it contains a fully charged power battery pack;
  • the user is selected from the mobile power exchange device in an idle state and loaded with a full electric power battery pack
  • the terminal selects the mobile power exchange device closest to the vehicle to be replaced.
  • the method further comprises:
  • the self-service mode if it is determined that the mobile power exchange device requested to be allocated by the user terminal is in an idle state, a message of successful request is returned to the user terminal, so that the vehicle to be replaced is subjected to power exchange in the self-service mode operating;
  • a service terminal is selected according to the power exchange request information and the location information of the allocated mobile power exchange device, so that the vehicle to be replaced is subjected to a power exchange operation in the sharing mode.
  • the electric vehicle to be replaced is subjected to a power exchange operation in a self-service mode” includes:
  • the user drives the electric vehicle to be replaced to the location of the assigned mobile electric switching device and performs electric exchange;
  • the user carries the allocated mobile power exchange device to the location of the vehicle to be replaced for power exchange;
  • the user terminal broadcasts a power exchange order
  • the service executive corresponding to the service terminal that acquired the power exchange order transports the allocated mobile power exchange device to the location of the vehicle to be replaced for power exchange.
  • the scheduling method further includes:
  • the assigned mobile power exchange device After the power replacement, according to the location information of the allocated mobile power exchange device and the location information of the recycling management site, send a recycling management instruction and recycling guidance information to the recycling management end or the service terminal or the user end, so that The assigned mobile power exchange device is transported to a recycling management site for storage, and the under-powered battery pack on the mobile power exchange device is charged; or after the power exchange is completed, an automatic return is sent to the assigned mobile power exchange device. Bit instruction to automatically return the allocated mobile power exchange device to its original position.
  • a storage device which stores a program suitable for being loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned method for scheduling a mobile power exchange device.
  • a processing device including: a processor and a memory;
  • the processor is adapted to execute a program, and the memory is adapted to store the program; the program is adapted to be loaded and executed by the processor to implement the scheduling method of the mobile power exchange device described above.
  • a scheduling server is further provided.
  • the server includes a power exchange request receiving module and an allocation module.
  • the power replacement request receiving module is configured to: receive power replacement request information initiated by a user terminal; wherein the power replacement request information includes a requested service mode;
  • the distribution module communicatively connected to the power exchange request receiving module is configured to allocate a mobile power exchange device to the user terminal according to a preset mobile power exchange device allocation policy based on the requested service mode.
  • the service mode includes: a self-service mode and a sharing mode;
  • the power exchange request information further includes: an ID of a mobile power exchange device requesting allocation;
  • the power exchange request information further includes an ID and location information of a vehicle to be replaced.
  • the allocation module includes: a first allocation unit and a second allocation unit;
  • the first allocation unit is configured to: in a case where the service mode is a self-service mode, if the mobile switching device requesting allocation is in an idle state, allocate the mobile switching device requesting allocation to the mobile switching device The user terminal; otherwise, a matching mobile power exchange device is designated for the user terminal and the ID of the mobile power exchange device is returned; wherein the mobile power exchange device requesting allocation is a mobile power exchange selected by the user terminal independently Device
  • the second allocation unit is configured to: when the service mode is a sharing mode, select a matching mobile power exchange device for the user terminal according to the power exchange request information.
  • the first allocation unit includes: a judgment subunit, an allocation subunit, and a designated subunit;
  • the judging subunit is configured to judge whether the mobile power exchange device requesting allocation is in an idle state
  • the allocation subunit is configured to: when the mobile power exchange device requesting allocation is in an idle state, allocate the mobile power exchange device requesting allocation to the user end;
  • the designated subunit is configured to: when the mobile switching device requesting allocation is not in an idle state, obtain the ID and location information of the vehicle to be swapped, and obtain information of each mobile switching device currently in an idle state,
  • the information of the mobile power exchange device includes: ID and location information of the mobile power exchange device, and whether or not a full-charge power battery pack is carried; according to the location information of the vehicle to be replaced, and the current
  • the position information of each mobile power exchange device in the idle state specifies, from the mobile power exchange device in the idle state and loaded with a full electric power battery pack, a mobile power exchange device closest to the vehicle to be replaced for the user, And return the ID of the mobile power exchange device.
  • the second allocation unit includes: an information acquisition subunit and a selection subunit;
  • the information acquisition subunit is configured to acquire information of each mobile power exchange device that is currently in an idle state, where the information of the mobile power exchange device includes: ID and location information of the mobile power exchange device, and whether the mobile power exchange device contains Full power battery pack;
  • the selection sub-unit is configured to move from an idle state and carrying a full electric power battery pack according to the position information of the vehicle to be replaced and the position information of each mobile power exchange device currently in an idle state.
  • the power exchange device selects a mobile power exchange device closest to the vehicle to be replaced for the user.
  • the server further includes: a confirmation module and a service terminal selection module;
  • the confirmation module is configured to: in the self-service mode, if it is determined that the mobile power exchange device requested to be allocated by the user terminal is in an idle state, returning a successful request message to the user terminal, so that the vehicle to be replaced is in the Power exchange operation was performed in self-service mode;
  • the service terminal selection module is configured to: in a sharing mode, select a service terminal according to the power exchange request information and the location information of the allocated mobile power exchange device, so that the vehicle to be replaced is in the shared mode A power exchange operation is performed.
  • the electric vehicle to be replaced is subjected to a power exchange operation in a self-service mode” includes:
  • the user drives the electric vehicle to be exchanged to the location of the assigned mobile power exchange device and exchanges electricity; or the user transports the assigned mobile electric exchange device to the location of the vehicle to be exchanged for power exchange; or
  • the user terminal broadcasts a power exchange order, and the service executive corresponding to the service terminal that obtained the power exchange order transports the allocated mobile power exchange device to the location of the vehicle to be replaced for power exchange.
  • the service terminal selection module includes: a broadcast unit, a control unit, a guidance unit, and an assignment unit;
  • the broadcasting unit is configured to broadcast and issue a power exchange order to each service terminal according to the power exchange request information and the location information of the allocated mobile power exchange device;
  • the control unit is configured to determine whether the current power exchange order is obtained by a service terminal, and if so, call the guidance unit; otherwise, call the assignment unit;
  • the guidance unit is configured to send guidance information corresponding to a mobile power exchange device and guidance information corresponding to a vehicle to be charged to a service terminal;
  • the assigning unit is configured to select a serving terminal by means of assignment.
  • the server further includes: a recycling management module;
  • the recycling management module is configured to send a recycling management instruction to the recycling management terminal or the service terminal or the user terminal according to the location information of the allocated mobile power switching device and the location information of the recycling management site after the power replacement is completed. And recovering the guidance information; or after the power replacement is completed, sending an automatic return instruction to the assigned mobile power replacement device.
  • a scheduling system for a mobile power switching device which includes the scheduling server described above and at least one mobile power switching device;
  • the mobile power exchange device is used to perform a power exchange operation on a vehicle to be replaced.
  • the system further comprises: at least one client and / or at least one service terminal; the client is configured to: initiate a power exchange request to the server.
  • the power exchange request information includes: a requested service mode.
  • the service terminal is configured to: receive a power exchange order broadcasted by the server and perform an operation to obtain the order; receive the assigned order information sent by the server; receive a power exchange order broadcasted by the user terminal and perform an acquisition order After obtaining an order successfully or receiving an assigned order, query and locate the allocated mobile power exchange device, and the positions of the user terminal and the vehicle to be replaced.
  • the service terminal and / or the user terminal are further configured to: receive a recycling management instruction and recycling guidance information sent by the server to locate the mobile power exchange device according to the guidance information; and / Or the scheduling system further includes: at least one recycling management terminal;
  • the recycling management end is configured to receive a recycling management instruction and recycling guidance information of the server to locate the mobile power exchange device according to the guidance information.
  • the dispatching system further includes: at least one transfer device; and the transfer device is used for transferring the mobile power exchange device. And / or the mobile power exchange device itself is provided with a transfer device.
  • the mobile power exchange device is further provided with a networked communication device and a positioning device.
  • the mobile power exchange device includes a vehicle lifting device, a power battery pack, and a power battery removal device, a transfer device, and a mounting device;
  • the vehicle lifting device is used for lifting the electric vehicle to be exchanged to a certain height
  • the power battery pack is used to replace an under-electric power battery pack on the vehicle to be replaced;
  • the power battery removing device is used to remove an under-electric power battery pack on the vehicle to be replaced;
  • the transfer device is used for transferring a power battery pack
  • the mounting device is used for mounting a power battery pack on the vehicle to be replaced.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the dispatching method and system of the mobile power exchange device provided by the present invention, and a portable mobile power exchange scheme are proposed; the dispatching method of the mobile power exchange device of the present invention supports a sharing mode and a self-service mode.
  • the sharing mode the user terminal initiates a power exchange request after parking at any location, and the server allocates a mobile power exchange device according to the location of the vehicle, and issues a power exchange order through broadcast for the service terminal to obtain the order or by assigning the order.
  • the present invention also proposes a method for charging and recycling management after the power replacement is completed, thereby forming a complete solution.
  • the invention not only solves the problem that users find it difficult to find charging piles and change stations, but also relieves travel anxiety.
  • the present invention has strong feasibility.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a first embodiment of a scheduling method for a mobile power switching device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a second embodiment of a scheduling method for a mobile power switching device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a third embodiment of a scheduling method for a mobile power switching device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a scheduling server of a mobile power exchange device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a scheduling system of a mobile power exchange device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a scheduling system of a mobile power exchange device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a scheduling system of a mobile power exchange device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of a scheduling system of a mobile power exchange device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of a scheduling system of a mobile power switching device according to the present invention.
  • the "user terminal” can be a mobile device such as a mobile phone, or a vehicle-mounted terminal.
  • the “service execution body” in the embodiment of the present invention may be a service person, or a robot or the like capable of performing a power exchange task. Therefore, the “service terminal” in the embodiment of the present invention may be a mobile device such as a mobile phone held by a service person, or a device provided on a robot or the like.
  • the “service personnel” and “recycling management personnel” in this embodiment refer to those who provide charging services and recycling management, respectively. They can be employees hired by the operator, or they can be suitable to perform this task temporarily in terms of time and geographical location. And other volunteers or volunteers.
  • the “mobile power exchange device” in the embodiment of the present invention includes: a vehicle lifting device, at least one power battery pack, and a power battery disassembling device, a transfer device, and an installation device; a transfer device is provided or moved by a transfer device; A positioning device and a network communication device are provided, which have positioning and networking functions, so that the server, service terminal, user terminal, and recycling management terminal can learn the location of the mobile power exchange device and the status of the available battery pack.
  • the mobile power exchange device has a compact structure and a small size, and is provided with a walking mechanism (ie, wheels). When in use, it can automatically enter the chassis of the car. After automatic positioning, the vehicle is lifted to a certain height by using a lifting device.
  • the battery is taken out of the vehicle chassis, and the battery is transferred to the transfer platform through the transfer device. Then, the fully charged power battery pack is transferred to the installation device to enter the vehicle chassis to be installed on the vehicle to complete the power exchange process.
  • the charging device in this embodiment is also provided with a networking communication device and a positioning device, and has networking and GPS positioning functions, so that the server, service terminal, recycling management terminal, and even the user terminal can obtain information such as the location and use status of the charging device.
  • a networking communication device and a positioning device and has networking and GPS positioning functions, so that the server, service terminal, recycling management terminal, and even the user terminal can obtain information such as the location and use status of the charging device.
  • the “full-power battery pack” mentioned in the embodiment of the present invention generally refers to a power battery pack whose remaining power is greater than a certain value and which can be used to replace the original battery in the vehicle to be replaced.
  • the "server” in the embodiment of the present invention performs unified scheduling of the mobile power exchange device, and can support two service modes: a self-service mode and a shared mode.
  • the preset mobile power exchange device allocation strategy is: in the self-service mode, the user selects the mobile power exchange device from the master according to the geographical location of the vehicle to be replaced, and initiates a power exchange request to the server. If the mobile power exchange device requested to be allocated is in an idle state, the request success information is returned to the user end, otherwise the server designates a matching mobile power exchange device for the user end.
  • the sharing mode the user terminal directly initiates a power exchange request to the server, and the server selects the matching mobile power exchange device and service terminal.
  • the server can be implemented on a Linux system, and database tools such as MySQL are used for data storage and recording.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a first embodiment of a scheduling method for a mobile power switching device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the scheduling method in this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • step S10 the server receives the power exchange request information initiated by the user terminal.
  • the power exchange request information includes the requested service mode (self-service mode or shared mode); when the requested service mode is the self-service mode, the power exchange request information also includes: the ID of the mobile power exchange device that requested the allocation; when the requested service When the mode is the sharing mode, the power exchange request information further includes: ID and location information of the vehicle to be replaced.
  • step S20 based on the requested service mode, the mobile terminal is allocated a mobile power switching device according to a preset mobile power switching device allocation policy.
  • This step may further include steps S201-S203:
  • step S201 it is determined whether the requested service mode is a self-service mode. If yes, go to step S202; otherwise, go to step S203.
  • step S202 it is determined whether the mobile switching device requesting allocation is in an idle state. If so, the mobile switching device requesting allocation is allocated to the user terminal; otherwise, a matching mobile switching device is designated for the user terminal and returned ID of the mobile power exchange device.
  • the mobile power exchange device requesting allocation is a mobile power exchange device that is independently selected by a user terminal currently initiating a power exchange request, but it is formally allocated to the user terminal after confirmation by the server.
  • the method for the user terminal to autonomously select the mobile power switching device may include: the user terminal obtaining ID and location information of each mobile power switching device that is currently in an idle state, and whether or not it carries a fully charged power battery pack; According to the obtained ID and location information of the mobile power exchange device, and the location information of the vehicle to be replaced, select the mobile power exchange closest to the vehicle to be replaced from among the mobile power exchange devices that are idle and loaded with a full electric power battery pack Device.
  • step S203 according to the power exchange request information, a matching mobile power exchange device is selected for the user terminal.
  • This step may further include steps S2031-S2032:
  • step S2031 information of each mobile power exchange device that is currently in an idle state is obtained; the information of the mobile power exchange device includes: the ID of the mobile power exchange device, location information, and whether the power battery pack is fully charged.
  • step S2032 according to the location information of the vehicle to be replaced and the location information of each mobile power exchange device currently in an idle state, the user terminal is selected from the mobile power exchange device in the idle state and loaded with a full electric battery pack. Select and assign the mobile power exchange device closest to the vehicle to be replaced.
  • the step of the server specifying a matching mobile power exchange device for the current client specifically includes:
  • Acquire information of each mobile power exchange device that is currently in an idle state where the information of the mobile power exchange device includes: ID and location information of the mobile power exchange device, and whether it contains a fully charged power battery pack;
  • a distance is specified for the user terminal from the mobile power exchange device in the idle state and loaded with a full electric power battery pack.
  • the nearest mobile power exchange device for an electric vehicle is specified.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a second embodiment of a scheduling method for a mobile power switching device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, compared with the first embodiment, the scheduling method of this embodiment further includes the steps of performing subsequent power exchange services after the power exchange device is allocated:
  • step S30 in the self-service mode, if the server determines that the mobile power exchange device requested by the user terminal to be allocated is in an idle state, it returns a successful request message to the user terminal, so that the vehicle to be replaced is subjected to power exchange in the self-service mode.
  • the user drives the electric vehicle to be replaced to the location of the allocated mobile power exchange device and performs power exchange; or the user transports the allocated mobile electric device to the location of the vehicle to be replaced for power exchange.
  • Electricity; or a user terminal broadcasts a power exchange order, and the service executive corresponding to the service terminal that obtained the power exchange order transports the allocated mobile power exchange device to the location of the vehicle to be replaced for power exchange.
  • the server broadcasts and issues a power exchange order to each service terminal according to the power exchange request information and the location information of the allocated mobile power exchange device; and then determines whether the current power exchange order is received by a service terminal.
  • the obtained, if it is, the guidance information corresponding to the mobile power exchange device and the guidance information corresponding to the vehicle to be charged are sent to the service terminal; otherwise, the service terminal is selected by the assigned method; after the service terminal is selected, the service The service execution body corresponding to the terminal provides a service for the vehicle to be replaced.
  • the step of selecting a service terminal by means of assignment may further include:
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a third embodiment of a scheduling method for a mobile power switching device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, compared with the second embodiment, the scheduling method in this embodiment further includes the step of performing recovery management of the mobile power exchange device after the charging is completed:
  • step S40 according to the location information of the allocated mobile power exchange device and the location information of the recycling management site, sending a recycling management instruction and recycling guidance information to the recycling management terminal or service terminal or user terminal, so that the allocated The mobile power exchange device is transported to the recycling management site for storage, and the under-powered battery pack on the mobile power exchange device is charged; if the mobile power exchange device itself has automatic positioning and movement functions, after the power replacement is completed, The server sends an automatic return instruction to the assigned mobile power exchange device, so that the assigned mobile power exchange device returns to the original position automatically.
  • recycling management sites include: centralized sites or distributed sites.
  • a centralized site refers to a recycling management site that is centrally located at the same location and can be completed by a recycling management terminal or a service terminal.
  • a distributed site refers to a recycling management site that is dispersedly located in different locations, such as residential properties, streets, etc.
  • the storage and replacement of the power exchange device and the charging of the power battery pack can be performed by a recycling manager or a service executive, or by a user.
  • the present invention further provides an embodiment of a storage device that stores a program suitable for being loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned scheduling method for a mobile power exchange device.
  • the present invention further provides an embodiment of a processing device, including: a processor and a memory.
  • the processor is adapted to execute a program
  • the memory is adapted to store the program
  • the program is adapted to be loaded and executed by the processor to implement the scheduling method of the mobile power exchange device described above.
  • the present invention simultaneously proposes a scheduling server, which is described below with reference to FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a main structure of an embodiment of a scheduling server of a mobile power switching device according to the present invention.
  • the server 10 in this embodiment includes a power exchange request receiving module 11, a distribution module 12, a confirmation module 13, a service terminal selection module 14, and a recycling management module 15.
  • the power exchange request receiving module 11 is configured to receive the power exchange request information initiated by the user terminal, and the power exchange request information includes the requested service mode (when the requested service mode is a self-service mode, the power exchange request information further includes: request allocation ID of the mobile power exchange device; when the requested service mode is shared mode, the power exchange request information also includes: the ID and location information of the vehicle to be replaced); the allocation module 12 configured to communicate with the power exchange request receiving module 11 For: based on the requested service mode, the mobile terminal is allocated to the user terminal according to a preset mobile switching device allocation strategy; the confirmation module 13 is configured to: in the self-service mode, if it is determined that the mobile terminal is requested to be allocated by the user terminal In the idle state, a successful request message is returned to the user terminal so that the vehicle to be replaced is subjected to a power exchange operation in a self-service mode; the service terminal selection module 14 is configured to: in the shared mode, according to the power exchange request information, and Location information of the allocated mobile power exchange device, select the service terminal, so
  • the allocation module 12 includes a first allocation unit 121 and a second allocation unit 122.
  • the first allocation unit 121 is configured to: when the service switching mode is a self-service mode, if the mobile switching device requesting allocation is in an idle state, the mobile switching device requesting allocation is allocated to the user terminal; otherwise, it is a user
  • the mobile terminal specifies a matching mobile switching device and returns the ID of the mobile switching device.
  • the mobile switching device requesting allocation is a mobile switching device selected by the user.
  • the second allocation unit 122 is configured to share the service mode. In the case of the mode, according to the power exchange request information, a matching mobile power exchange device is selected for the user terminal;
  • the first allocation unit 121 includes a determination subunit, an allocation subunit, and a designated subunit.
  • the judging sub-unit is configured to judge whether the mobile power exchange device requesting allocation is in an idle state; the assigning sub-unit is configured to: when the mobile power exchange device requesting allocation is in an idle state, allocate the mobile power exchange device requesting allocation to The user terminal; the designated subunit is configured to: when the mobile switching device requesting allocation is in a non-idle state, obtain the ID and location information of the vehicle to be switched, and obtain the information of each mobile switching device currently in the idle state; mobile
  • the information of the power exchange device includes: the ID and location information of the mobile power exchange device, and whether it contains a fully charged power battery pack; according to the location information of the vehicle to be replaced, and the current status of each mobile power exchange device in the idle state.
  • the location information specifies the mobile power exchange device closest to the vehicle to be replaced from the mobile power exchange device in the idle state and loaded with a full electric power battery pack, and returns the ID of the mobile power exchange device.
  • the second allocation unit 122 includes an information acquisition subunit and a selection subunit.
  • the information acquisition subunit is configured to acquire information of each mobile power switching device that is currently in an idle state.
  • the information of the mobile power switching device includes ID and location information of the mobile power switching device, and whether it contains a full power Power battery pack;
  • the selection sub-unit is configured to: based on the position information of the vehicle to be replaced and the position information of each mobile power exchange device currently in an idle state, change The electric device selects a mobile electric power exchange device closest to the vehicle to be replaced for the user.
  • the service terminal selection module 14 includes a broadcast unit 141, a control unit 142, a guidance unit 143, and an assignment unit 144.
  • the broadcast unit 141 is configured to broadcast and issue power exchange orders to each service terminal according to the power exchange request information and the location information of the allocated mobile power exchange device; the control unit 142 is configured to determine whether the current power exchange order is Obtained by each service terminal, if it is, then the guidance unit 143 is called; otherwise, the assignment unit 144 is called; the guidance unit 143 is configured to send to the service terminal guidance information corresponding to the mobile power exchange device and guidance corresponding to the vehicle to be charged Information; the assignment unit 144 is configured to: select a serving terminal by means of assignment.
  • the present invention also proposes a dispatching system for a mobile power exchange device, which is described below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 9.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a scheduling system of a mobile power switching device according to the present invention.
  • the scheduling system 1 of this embodiment includes a server 10 and at least one mobile power exchange device 20;
  • the server 10 is configured to receive the power exchange request information initiated by the user terminal, and allocate the mobile power exchange device 20 to the user terminal according to the preset mobile power exchange device allocation policy based on the requested service mode.
  • the specific structure and function are as follows: The server embodiments described above are not repeated here; the mobile power exchange device 20 is configured to perform a power exchange operation on a vehicle to be replaced.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a scheduling system of a mobile power switching device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, compared with the first embodiment of the scheduling system, the scheduling system of this embodiment further includes: at least one client 30.
  • the user terminal 30 is configured to initiate a power exchange request to the server 10.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a scheduling system of a mobile power switching device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, compared with the second embodiment of the above scheduling system, the scheduling system of this embodiment further includes: at least one service terminal 40.
  • the service terminal 40 is configured to: receive the power exchange order issued by the server 10 and perform the operation of acquiring the order; receive the assigned order information sent by the server 10; receive the power exchange order issued by the user terminal 30 and perform the operation of acquiring the order; After successfully or receiving the assigned order, query and locate the assigned mobile power exchange device 20, and the positions of the user terminal 30 and the vehicle to be replaced.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of a scheduling system of a mobile power switching device according to the present invention.
  • the scheduling system of this embodiment considers the recycling management of the mobile power exchange device, which can be managed by the service terminal 40 and / or the user terminal 30 and / or the recycling management.
  • the terminal 50 receives the server's recycling management instruction as follows:
  • the service terminal 40 and / or the user terminal 30 are further configured to receive the recycling management instruction and the recycling guidance information sent by the server 10, and then the mobile operator 20 or the user may transport the mobile power exchange device 20 designated by the instruction to the recycling management site. Store and charge the under-powered battery pack with a charging device.
  • the service executor In the shared mode, the service executor usually completes the recycling and charging; in the self-service mode, the recovery and charging actions can be completed by the user or the service executor. Which method is adopted depends on the collection management instruction sent by the server 10.
  • the scheduling system of this embodiment may further include: at least one recycling management terminal 50.
  • the recycling management terminal 50 is configured to receive the recycling management instruction and the recycling guidance information of the server 10, and then the recycling management personnel recycles the mobile power exchange device 20 to the recycling management site for storage, and uses a charging device to charge the under-electric battery pack.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of a scheduling system of a mobile power switching device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, compared with Embodiment 4 of the above scheduling system, the scheduling system further includes: at least one transfer device 60.
  • the transfer device 60 is used to transport the mobile power exchange device 20 to a destination.
  • the assigned mobile electricity exchange device 20 is transported to the location of the vehicle to be exchanged; after the electricity exchange is completed, it is transported to the recycling management site.
  • the mobile power exchange device with its own transfer function it can be transported without using the transfer device 60, and of course, it can also be transferred with the transfer device in order to shorten the transfer time.
  • the mobile power exchange device in the embodiment of the present invention may also be replaced by a mobile charging vehicle or a mobile power bank.
  • a mobile charging vehicle By charging a battery that is under-powered, the vehicle can continue to be driven on the road.
  • multiple mobile power banks can be connected in series or in parallel.

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Abstract

一种移动换电装置的调度方法、系统、调度服务器和设备，涉及电动汽车充换电领域，目的在于解决充电桩、换电站数量及分布不能满足需求的问题。该移动换电装置调度方法支持共享模式和自助模式。在共享模式下，用户端在任意位置停车后发起换电请求，由服务器通过广播发布换电订单以供服务终端获取或通过指派订单的方式选择服务终端，从而使待换电车辆被执行换电操作；在自助模式下，由用户端选择移动换电装置并发起换电请求，经服务器确认后由用户自行完成换电或通过用户端请求服务执行体协助完成。还提出了回收管理的方法，构成一套完整的解决方案，解决了找充电桩、换电站难的问题，进而解除了用户的旅程焦虑。

Description

移动换电装置的调度方法、系统、调度服务器和设备 技术领域
本发明涉及电动汽车充换电领域，具体涉及一种移动换电装置的调度方法、系统、调度服务器和设备。
背景技术
电动汽车作为清洁能源汽车，具有良好的应用前景。但是，电动汽车在推广和使用的过程中依然面临着“充换电难”的问题：
(1)充电桩不好找，车主不知道去哪里充电；
(2)充电桩不好用，兼容性差，使用及计费不方便；
(3)充电桩不好装，受车位、电容量等限制，家用充电桩和直流快充桩在报批、安装等过程中或多或少会有阻力；
(4)换电站分布也较少，不能满足及时的换电需求；
(5)车主有里程焦虑，即车主在驾驶电动汽车时会担心突然没电，从而引起精神痛苦或忧虑。
针对上述问题，代客补能或换电模式可以在一定程度上解决上述问题，但代客补能或换电模式存在如下弊端：
服务人员需要开着车主的车去补能或换电，车主可能会有顾虑；在代客服务过程中发生的车辆磕碰等问题处理起来也比较麻烦；由于需要大量代客服务人员，单次服务费用还是比较高的。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，本发明提出了一种移动换电装置的调度方法、系统、调度服务器和设备，有效解决了因充换电网点少而导致的充换电难的问题。
本发明的一方面，提出一种移动换电装置的调度方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤S10，接收用户端发起的换电请求信息；所述换电请求信息包括请求的服务模式；
步骤S20，基于所述请求的服务模式，按照预设的移动换电装置分配策略，为所述用户端分配移动换电装置。
优选地，所述服务模式包括：自助模式和共享模式；
当所述服务模式为自助模式时，所述换电请求信息还包括：请求分配的移动换电装置的ID；
当所述服务模式为共享模式时，所述换电请求信息还包括：待换电车辆的ID和位置信息。
优选地，所述预设的移动换电装置分配策略包括：
在所述服务模式为自助模式的情况下，若所述请求分配的移动换电装置处于空闲状态，则将所述请求分配的移动换电装置分配给所述用户端；否则，为所述用户端指定匹配的移动换电装置，并返回该移动换电装置的ID；
在所述服务模式为共享模式的情况下，根据所述换电请求信息，为所述用户端选择匹配的移动换电装置；
其中，
所述请求分配的移动换电装置是所述用户端自主选择的移动换电装置。
优选地，当所述请求的服务模式为自助模式时，“为所述用户端指定匹配的移动换电装置”的步骤具体包括：
获取待换电车辆的ID和位置信息；
获取当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的信息，其中，所述移动换电装置的信息，包括：移动换电装置的ID和位置信息，以及是否载有满电的动力电池包；
根据所述待换电车辆的位置信息，以及所述当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的位置信息，从处于空闲状态且载有满电动力电池包的移动换电装置中为所述用户端指定距离所述待换电车辆最近的移动换电装置。
优选地，“根据所述换电请求信息，为所述用户端选择匹配的移动换电装置”进一步包括：
获取当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的信息，其中，所述移动换电装置的信息，包括：移动换电装置的ID和位置信息，以及是 否载有满电的动力电池包；
根据所述待换电车辆的位置信息，以及所述当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的位置信息，从处于空闲状态且载有满电动力电池包的移动换电装置中为所述用户端选择距离所述待换电车辆最近的移动换电装置。
优选地，所述方法还包括：
在自助模式下，若确定所述用户端请求分配的移动换电装置处于空闲状态，则向所述用户端返回请求成功的信息，以使所述待换电车辆在自助模式下被执行换电操作；
在共享模式下，根据所述换电请求信息，以及所分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，选择服务终端，以使所述待换电车辆在共享模式下被执行换电操作。
优选地，“所述待换电车辆在自助模式下被执行换电操作”，包括：
由用户将所述待换电车辆开到分配的移动换电装置所在位置并进行换电；或者
由用户将分配的移动换电装置运送到所述待换电车辆所在位置进行换电；或者
由所述用户端广播发布换电订单，由获取所述换电订单的服务终端对应的服务执行体将分配的移动换电装置运送到所述待换电车辆所在位置进行换电。
优选地，“根据所述换电请求信息，以及所分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，选择服务终端，以使所述待换电车辆在共享模式下被执行换电操作”，进一步包括：
根据所述换电请求信息，以及所分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，向各服务终端广播发布换电订单；
判断当前换电订单是否被某个服务终端所获取，若是，则向该服务终端发送对应移动换电装置的导引信息、对应待充电车辆的导引信息；否则，通过指派的方式选择服务终端。
优选地，调度方法还包括：
换电结束后，根据分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，以及回 收管理场地的位置信息，向回收管理端或所述服务终端或所述用户端发送回收管理指令以及回收导引信息，以使所述分配的移动换电装置被运送到回收管理场地进行储存，并对该移动换电装置上的欠电动力电池包充电；或者换电结束后，向所分配的移动换电装置发送自动归位的指令，以使所述分配的移动换电装置自动回到原位。
本发明的第二方面，还提出一种存储设备，其存储有程序，所述程序适于由处理器加载并执行，以实现上面所述的移动换电装置的调度方法。
本发明的第三方面，还提出一种处理设备，包括：处理器和存储器；
所述处理器适于执行程序，所述存储器适于存储该程序；所述程序适于由所述处理器加载并执行，以实现上面所述的移动换电装置的调度方法。
本发明的第四方面，还提出一种调度服务器，所述服务器包括：换电请求接收模块、分配模块；
所述换电请求接收模块配置为：接收用户端发起的换电请求信息；其中，所述换电请求信息包括请求的服务模式；
与所述换电请求接收模块通信连接的所述分配模块配置为：基于所述请求的服务模式，按照预设的移动换电装置分配策略，为所述用户端分配移动换电装置。
优选地，所述服务模式包括：自助模式和共享模式；
当所述请求的服务模式为自助模式时，所述换电请求信息还包括：请求分配的移动换电装置的ID；
当所述请求的服务模式为共享模式时，所述换电请求信息还包括：待换电车辆的ID和位置信息。
优选地，所述分配模块包括：第一分配单元、第二分配单元；
所述第一分配单元配置为：在所述服务模式为自助模式的情况下，若所述请求分配的移动换电装置处于空闲状态，则将所述请求分配的移动换电装置分配给所述用户端；否则，为所述用户端指定匹配的移动换电装置，并返回该移动换电装置的ID；其中，所述请求分配的移动换电装置是所述用户端自主选择的移动换电装置；
所述第二分配单元配置为：在所述服务模式为共享模式的情况下，根据所述换电请求信息，为所述用户端选择匹配的移动换电装置。
优选地，所述第一分配单元包括：判断子单元、分配子单元、指定子单元；
所述判断子单元配置为：判断所述请求分配的移动换电装置是否处于空闲状态；
所述分配子单元配置为：当所述请求分配的移动换电装置处于空闲状态时，将所述请求分配的移动换电装置分配给所述用户端；
所述指定子单元配置为：当所述请求分配的移动换电装置未处于空闲状态时，获取待换电车辆的ID和位置信息，并获取当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的信息，其中，所述移动换电装置的信息，包括：移动换电装置的ID和位置信息，以及是否载有满电的动力电池包；根据所述待换电车辆的位置信息，以及所述当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的位置信息，从处于空闲状态且载有满电动力电池包的移动换电装置中为所述用户端指定距离所述待换电车辆最近的移动换电装置，并返回该移动换电装置的ID。
优选地，所述第二分配单元包括：信息获取子单元、选择子单元；
所述信息获取子单元配置为：获取当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的信息，其中，所述移动换电装置的信息，包括：移动换电装置的ID和位置信息，以及是否载有满电的动力电池包；
所述选择子单元配置为：根据所述待换电车辆的位置信息，以及所述当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的位置信息，从处于空闲状态且载有满电动力电池包的移动换电装置中为所述用户端选择距离所述待换电车辆最近的移动换电装置。
优选地，所述服务器还包括：确认模块、服务终端选择模块；
所述确认模块配置为：在自助模式下，若确定所述用户端请求分配的移动换电装置处于空闲状态，则向所述用户端返回请求成功的信息，以使所述待换电车辆在自助模式下被执行换电操作；
所述服务终端选择模块配置为：在共享模式下，根据所述换电请求信息，以及所分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，选择服务终端， 以使所述待换电车辆在共享模式下被执行换电操作。
优选地，“所述待换电车辆在自助模式下被执行换电操作”，包括：
由用户将所述待换电车辆开到分配的移动换电装置所在位置并进行换电；或者由用户将分配的移动换电装置运送到所述待换电车辆所在位置进行换电；或者由所述用户端广播发布换电订单，由获取所述换电订单的服务终端对应的服务执行体将分配的移动换电装置运送到所述待换电车辆所在位置进行换电。
优选地，所述服务终端选择模块包括：广播单元、控制单元、导引单元、指派单元；
所述广播单元配置为：根据所述换电请求信息，以及所分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，向各服务终端广播发布换电订单；
所述控制单元配置为：判断当前换电订单是否被某个服务终端所获取，若是，则调用所述导引单元；否则，调用所述指派单元；
所述导引单元配置为：向服务终端发送对应移动换电装置的导引信息、对应待充电车辆的导引信息；
所述指派单元配置为：通过指派的方式选择服务终端。
优选地，所述服务器还包括：回收管理模块；
所述回收管理模块配置为：换电结束后，根据分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，以及回收管理场地的位置信息，向回收管理端或所述服务终端或所述用户端发送回收管理指令以及回收导引信息；或者换电结束后，向所述分配的移动换电装置发送自动归位的指令。
本发明的第五方面，还提出一种移动换电装置的调度系统，包括：上面所述的调度服务器，以及至少一个移动换电装置；
所述移动换电装置用于对待换电车辆进行换电操作。
优选地，所述系统还包括：至少一个用户端和/或至少一个服务终端；所述用户端配置为：向所述服务器发起换电请求。其中，所述换电请求信息包括：请求的服务模式。
所述服务终端，配置为：接收所述服务器广播发布的换电订单并进行获取订单的操作；接收所述服务器发送的指派订单信息；接收所述用户端广播发布的换电订单并进行获取订单的操作；在获取订单成 功或接收到指派订单后，查询和定位分配的所述移动换电装置，以及所述用户端和所述待换电车辆的位置。
优选地，所述服务终端和/或所述用户端还配置为：接收所述服务器发送的回收管理指令和回收导引信息，以根据所述导引信息定位到所述移动换电装置；和/或调度系统还包括：至少一个回收管理端；
所述回收管理端，配置为：接收所述服务器的回收管理指令以及回收导引信息，以根据所述导引信息定位到所述移动换电装置。
优选地，调度系统还包括：至少一个转运设备；所述转运设备，用于对移动换电装置进行转运。和/或移动换电装置自身设置有转运装置。所述移动换电装置，还设置有联网通信装置和定位装置。
优选地，所述移动换电装置，包括：车辆举升装置、动力电池包，以及动力电池拆卸装置、转移装置和安装装置；
所述车辆举升装置用于将所述待换电车辆抬起至一定高度；
所述动力电池包用于替换所述待换电车辆上的欠电动力电池包；
所述动力电池拆卸装置用于将所述待换电车辆上的欠电动力电池包拆卸下来；
所述转移装置用于转移动力电池包；
所述安装装置用于将动力电池包安装到所述待换电车辆上。
与最接近的现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
本发明提出的移动换电装置的调度方法和系统，提出了便携移动换电的方案；本发明的移动换电装置调度方法，支持共享模式和自助模式。在共享模式下，用户端在任意位置停车后发起换电请求，由服务器根据车辆所处位置分配移动换电装置，并通过广播发布换电订单以供服务终端获取该订单或通过指派订单的方式选择服务终端，从而使待换电车辆被执行换电操作；在自助模式下，用户端根据所处位置选择附近的移动换电装置并发起换电请求，经服务器确认后由用户自行完成换电或通过用户端请求服务执行体协助完成。此外，本发明还提出了在换电结束后进行收费和回收管理的方法，从而构成一套完整的解决方案。既解决了用户找充电桩和换电站难的问题，也解除了旅程焦虑，本发明具有较强的可实现性。
附图说明
图1是本发明移动换电装置的调度方法实施例一的流程示意图；
图2是本发明移动换电装置的调度方法实施例二的流程示意图；
图3是本发明移动换电装置的调度方法实施例三的流程示意图；
图4是本发明移动换电装置的调度服务器实施例的构成示意图；
图5是本发明的移动换电装置的调度系统实施例一的构成示意图；
图6是本发明的移动换电装置的调度系统实施例二的构成示意图；
图7是本发明的移动换电装置的调度系统实施例三的构成示意图；
图8是本发明的移动换电装置的调度系统实施例四的构成示意图；
图9是本发明的移动换电装置的调度系统实施例五的构成示意图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。
本发明实施例中所提及的“用户端”与“待充换车辆”存在对应关系，即“用户端”发起换电请求，目的就是为了给与之对应的“待换电车辆”更换动力电池。因此，“用户端”可以是手机等移动设备，也可以是车载终端。本发明实施例中的“服务执行体”，可以是服务人员，也可以是能够执行换电任务的机器人等。因此，本发明实施例中的“服务终端”可以是由服务人员手持的手机等移动设备，也可以是设置 于机器人等上的设备。本实施例中的“服务人员”、“回收管理人员”，分别指提供充电服务、回收管理的人员，既可以是运营方聘用的员工，还可以是在时间、地理位置上适合临时执行此任务且自愿参与的其他人员或志愿者。
本发明实施例中的“移动换电装置”，包括：车辆举升装置、至少一个动力电池包，以及动力电池拆卸装置、转移装置和安装装置等；设置有转运装置或者通过转运设备进行移动；设置有定位装置和联网通信装置，具有定位和联网功能，以便服务器、服务终端、用户端、回收管理端能够获知移动换电装置的位置和可用电池包状态。移动换电装置结构紧凑体积小，且设置有行走机构(即轮子)，使用时可自动进入到车底盘下，自动定位后，利用举升装置将车辆抬起至一定高度，附带拆卸装置将欠电的动力电池自动拆卸后，携带电池移出车辆底盘外，通过转移装置将电池转移至转运平台，随后将满电的动力电池包转移至安装装置上进入车辆底盘安装至车辆上完成换电过程。
本实施例中的充电设备也设置有联网通信装置和定位装置，具有联网和GPS定位功能，以便服务器、服务终端、回收管理端，甚至用户端都可以获知充电设备的位置和使用状态等信息。结构紧凑，方便在居民区或者停车场配置，安全性好。
本发明实施例中提到的“满电的动力电池包”，泛指剩余电量大于一定数值，可以用来替换待换电车辆中原有电池的动力电池包。
本发明实施例中的“服务器”进行移动换电装置的统一调度，可以支持两种服务模式：自助模式、共享模式。预设的移动换电装置分配策略为：在自助模式下，由用户端根据待换电车辆所处的地理位置来自主选择移动换电装置，并向服务器发起换电请求，如果服务器发现用户端请求分配的这个移动换电装置处于空闲状态，则返回请求成功的信息给用户端，否则就由服务器为用户端指定一个匹配的移动换电装置。在共享模式下，用户端直接向服务器发起换电请求，由服务器来选择匹配的移动换电装置、服务终端。服务器可以在Linux系统上实现，用MySQL等数据库工具进行数据保存和记录。
图1是本发明移动换电装置的调度方法实施例一的流程示意图。如图1所示，本实施例的调度方法包括以下步骤：
在步骤S10中，服务器接收用户端发起的换电请求信息。
其中，换电请求信息包括请求的服务模式(自助模式或共享模式)；当请求的服务模式为自助模式时，换电请求信息还包括：请求分配的移动换电装置的ID；当请求的服务模式为共享模式时，换电请求信息还包括：待换电车辆的ID和位置信息。
在步骤S20中，基于所述请求的服务模式，按照预设的移动换电装置分配策略，为所述用户端分配移动换电装置。该步骤可以进一步包括步骤S201-S203：
在步骤S201中，判断请求的服务模式是否为自助模式，若是，则转至步骤S202；否则，转至步骤S203。
在步骤S202中，判断请求分配的移动换电装置是否处于空闲状态，若是，则将请求分配的移动换电装置分配给该用户端；否则，为用户端指定匹配的移动换电装置，并返回该移动换电装置的ID。
其中，所述请求分配的移动换电装置，为当前发起换电请求的用户端自主选择的移动换电装置，但是需要服务器确认以后才算正式分配给了该用户端。
具体地，本实施例中用户端自主选择移动换电装置的方法可以包括：用户端获取当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的ID和位置信息、是否载有满电的动力电池包等；根据获取的移动换电装置ID和位置信息，以及待换电车辆的位置信息，从处于空闲状态且载有满电动力电池包的移动换电装置中选择距离待换电车辆最近的移动换电装置。
在步骤S203中，根据换电请求信息，为用户端选择匹配的移动换电装置。该步骤可以进一步包括步骤S2031-S2032：
在步骤S2031中，获取当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的信息；移动换电装置的信息包括：移动换电装置的ID、位置信息、是否载有满电的动力电池包。
在步骤S2032中，根据待换电车辆的位置信息，以及当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的位置信息，从处于空闲状态且载有满电动力电池包的移动换电装置中为用户端选择并分配距离待换电车辆最近的移动换电装置。
当一个移动换电装置被分配给某个用户端以后，就会在服务 器中记录该移动换电装置与该用户端的对应关系，从而保证该移动换电装置不会被重复分配给其他用户端，直到本次换电任务完成后才会解除这种对应关系。
本实施例中，服务器为当前用户端指定匹配的移动换电装置的步骤具体包括：
获取待换电车辆的ID和位置信息；
获取当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的信息，其中，移动换电装置的信息，包括：移动换电装置的ID和位置信息，以及是否载有满电的动力电池包；
根据所述待换电车辆的位置信息，以及当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的位置信息，从处于空闲状态且载有满电动力电池包的移动换电装置中为用户端指定距离待换电车辆最近的移动换电装置。
图2是本发明移动换电装置的调度方法实施例二的流程示意图。如图2所示，与实施例一相比，本实施例的调度方法还包括分配完换电装置以后进行后续换电服务的步骤：
在步骤S30中，在自助模式下，若服务器确定用户端请求分配的移动换电装置处于空闲状态，则向用户端返回请求成功的信息，以使待换电车辆在自助模式下被执行换电操作；在共享模式下，服务器根据换电请求信息，以及所分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，选择服务终端，以使待换电车辆在共享模式下被执行换电操作。
具体地，在自助模式下，由用户将待换电车辆开到分配的移动换电装置所在位置并进行换电；或者由用户将分配的移动换电装置运送到待换电车辆所在位置进行换电；或者由用户端广播发布换电订单，由获取该换电订单的服务终端对应的服务执行体将分配的移动换电装置运送到待换电车辆所在位置进行换电。
具体地，在共享模式下，由服务器根据换电请求信息，以及所分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，向各服务终端广播发布换电订单；然后判断当前换电订单是否被某个服务终端所获取，若是，则向该服务终端发送对应移动换电装置的导引信息、对应待充电车辆的导引信息；否则，通过指派的方式选择服务终端；选择好服务终端以后，就由该服务终端对应的服务执行体为待换电车辆提供换电服务。
其中，通过指派的方式选择服务终端的步骤，又可以进一步包括：
获取当前处于空闲状态的各服务终端的位置信息；根据所分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，以及当前处于空闲状态的各服务终端的位置信息，选择距离所分配的移动换电装置最近的服务终端；将换电请求信息和移动换电装置的信息，发送到选择好的服务终端，并发送对应移动换电装置的导引信息、对应待充电车辆的导引信息。进而，该服务终端对应的服务执行体将所分配的移动换电装置运送至所述待换电车辆旁，并进行换电服务。
本实施例的调度方法还可以包括进行收费的步骤：
在接收到用户端发来的换电完成信息之后，向用户端收取费用；或者，在接收到服务终端发来的换电完成信息之后，通过服务终端向用户端收取费用。
图3是本发明移动换电装置的调度方法实施例三的流程示意图。如图3所示，与实施例二相比，本实施例的调度方法还包括收费完成以后进行移动换电装置回收管理的步骤：
在步骤S40中，根据分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，以及回收管理场地的位置信息，向回收管理端或服务终端或用户端发送回收管理指令以及回收导引信息，以使所述分配的移动换电装置被运送到回收管理场地进行储存，并对该移动换电装置上的欠电动力电池包充电；若移动换电装置本身具有自动定位和移动功能，则在换电结束后，可以由服务器向分配的移动换电装置发送自动归位的指令，以使分配的移动换电装置自动回到原位。
其中，回收管理场地包括：集中式场地或分布式场地。集中式场地是指回收管理场地集中设置于同一地点，可由回收管理端或服务终端来完成；分布式场地是指回收管理场地分散设置于不同的地点，如小区物业，街道等开辟专门场地实现对换电装置的储存并对其上的动力电池包充电，针对这种场地可由回收管理人员或服务执行体来完成回收，也可由用户来完成回收。
上述调度方法实施例中虽然将各个步骤按照先后次序的方式进行了描述，但是本领域技术人员可以理解，为了实现本实施例的效 果，不同的步骤之间不必按照这样的次序执行，其可以同时(并行)执行或以颠倒的次序执行，这些简单的变化都在本发明的保护范围之内。
基于上面的调度方法，本发明还提出一种存储设备的实施例，其存储有程序，所述程序适于由处理器加载并执行，以实现上面所述的移动换电装置的调度方法。
进一步地，本发明还提出一种处理设备的实施例，包括：处理器和存储器。其中，处理器适于执行程序，存储器适于存储该程序；所述程序适于由所述处理器加载并执行，以实现上面所述的移动换电装置的调度方法。
基于与上述调度方法实施例相同的技术构思，本发明同时提出一种调度服务器，下面结合图4进行说明。
图4是本发明的移动换电装置的调度服务器实施例的主要构成示意图。如图4所示，本实施例的服务器10包括：换电请求接收模块11、分配模块12、确认模块13、服务终端选择模块14、回收管理模块15。
其中，换电请求接收模块11配置为：接收用户端发起的换电请求信息，换电请求信息包括请求的服务模式(当请求的服务模式为自助模式时，换电请求信息还包括：请求分配的移动换电装置的ID；当请求的服务模式为共享模式时，换电请求信息还包括：待换电车辆的ID和位置信息)；与换电请求接收模块11通信连接的分配模块12配置为：基于请求的服务模式，按照预设的移动换电装置分配策略，为用户端分配移动换电装置；确认模块13配置为：在自助模式下，若确定用户端请求分配的移动换电装置处于空闲状态，则向用户端返回请求成功的信息，以使待换电车辆在自助模式下被执行换电操作；服务终端选择模块14配置为：在共享模式下，根据换电请求信息，以及所分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，选择服务终端，以使待换电车辆在共享模式下被执行换电操作；回收管理模块15配置为：换电结束后，根据分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，以及回收管理场地的位置信息，向回收管理端或服务终端或用户端发送回收管理指令以及回收导引信息，或者向分配的移动换电装置发送自动归位的指令。
本实施例中，分配模块12包括：第一分配单元121、第二分配单元122。
其中，第一分配单元121配置为：在服务模式为自助模式的情况下，若请求分配的移动换电装置处于空闲状态，则将请求分配的移动换电装置分配给用户端；否则，为用户端指定匹配的移动换电装置，并返回该移动换电装置的ID；请求分配的移动换电装置是用户端自主选择的移动换电装置；第二分配单元122配置为：在服务模式为共享模式的情况下，根据换电请求信息，为用户端选择匹配的移动换电装置；
第一分配单元121包括：判断子单元、分配子单元、指定子单元。
其中，判断子单元配置为：判断请求分配的移动换电装置是否处于空闲状态；分配子单元配置为：当请求分配的移动换电装置处于空闲状态时，将请求分配的移动换电装置分配给用户端；指定子单元配置为：当请求分配的移动换电装置处于非空闲状态时，获取待换电车辆的ID和位置信息，并获取当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的信息；移动换电装置的信息，包括：移动换电装置的ID和位置信息，以及是否载有满电的动力电池包；根据待换电车辆的位置信息，以及当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的位置信息，从处于空闲状态且载有满电动力电池包的移动换电装置中为用户端指定距离待换电车辆最近的移动换电装置，并返回该移动换电装置的ID。
具体地，第二分配单元122包括：信息获取子单元、选择子单元。
其中，信息获取子单元配置为：获取当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的信息，其中，移动换电装置的信息，包括：移动换电装置的ID和位置信息，以及是否载有满电的动力电池包；选择子单元配置为：根据待换电车辆的位置信息，以及当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的位置信息，从处于空闲状态且载有满电动力电池包的移动换电装置中为用户端选择距离待换电车辆最近的移动换电装置。
本实施例中，服务终端选择模块14包括：广播单元141、控制单元142、导引单元143、指派单元144。
其中，广播单元141配置为：根据换电请求信息，以及所分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，向各服务终端广播发布换电订单；控制单元142配置为：判断当前换电订单是否被某个服务终端所获取，若是， 则调用导引单元143，否则，调用指派单元144；导引单元143配置为：向服务终端发送对应移动换电装置的导引信息、对应待充电车辆的导引信息；指派单元144配置为：通过指派的方式选择服务终端。
进一步地，基于上面的服务器，本发明还提出一种移动换电装置的调度系统，下面结合图5-图9进行说明。
图5是本发明的移动换电装置的调度系统实施例一的构成示意图。如图5所示，本实施例的调度系统1包括：服务器10，以及至少一个移动换电装置20；
其中，服务器10配置为：接收用户端发起的换电请求信息，并基于请求的服务模式，按照预设的移动换电装置分配策略，为用户端分配移动换电装置20，具体结构与功能如上面所述的服务器实施例，此处不再赘述；移动换电装置20用于对待换电车辆进行换电操作。
图6是本发明的移动换电装置的调度系统实施例二的构成示意图。如图6所示，与上面的调度系统实施例一相比，本实施例的调度系统还包括：至少一个用户端30。
用户端30配置为：向服务器10发起换电请求。
图7是本发明的移动换电装置的调度系统实施例三的构成示意图。如图7所示，与上面的调度系统实施例二相比，本实施例的调度系统还包括：至少一个服务终端40。
服务终端40配置为：接收服务器10广播发布的换电订单并进行获取订单的操作；接收服务器10发送的指派订单信息；接收用户端30广播发布的换电订单并进行获取订单的操作；在获取成功或接收到指派订单后，查询和定位分配的移动换电装置20，以及用户端30和待换电车辆的位置。
图8是本发明的移动换电装置的调度系统实施例四的构成示意图。如图8所示，与上面的调度系统实施例三相比，本实施例的调度系统考虑了对移动换电装置的回收管理，可以由服务终端40和/或用户端30和/或回收管理端50来接收服务器的回收管理指令，具体如下：
服务终端40和/或用户端30还配置为：接收服务器10发送的回收管理指令和回收导引信息，进而由服务执行体或用户将该指令所指定的移动换电装置20运送到回收管理场地进行储存并用充电设备为欠电 动力电池包充电。在共享模式下，通常由服务执行体完成回收和充电；在自助模式下，回收和充电的动作可以由用户完成也可以由服务执行体完成。具体采用哪种方式，取决于服务器10发送的回收管理指令。
本实施例的调度系统还可以包括：至少一个回收管理端50。
回收管理端50配置为：接收服务器10的回收管理指令以及回收导引信息，进而由回收管理人员将移动换电装置20回收到回收管理场地进行储存，并用充电设备为欠电动力电池包充电。
图9是本发明的移动换电装置的调度系统实施例五的构成示意图。如图9所示，与上面的调度系统实施例四相比，所述调度系统还包括：至少一个转运设备60。
转运设备60用于将移动换电装置20运送到目的地。例如，准备换电时，将分配的移动换电装置20运送到待换电车辆所在位置；换电完成后，再将其运送到回收管理场地。对于自带转运功能的移动换电装置可以不使用转运设备60来运送，当然也可以使用转运设备来运送以便缩短运送时间。
本发明实施例中的移动换电装置，也可以采用移动充电车或移动充电宝来替代，通过对欠电车辆进行充电，同样可以满足车辆继续上路行驶的需求。其中，若单个移动充电宝的电量不满足充电需求时，可以将多个移动充电宝进行串联或并联。
本领域技术人员应该能够意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的方法步骤和系统构成单元，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明电子硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以电子硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。本领域技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征做出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种移动换电装置的调度方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    步骤S10，接收用户端发起的换电请求信息；所述换电请求信息包括请求的服务模式；
    步骤S20，基于所述请求的服务模式，按照预设的移动换电装置分配策略，为所述用户端分配移动换电装置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的调度方法，其特征在于，所述服务模式包括：自助模式和共享模式；
    当所述服务模式为自助模式时，所述换电请求信息还包括：请求分配的移动换电装置的ID；
    当所述服务模式为共享模式时，所述换电请求信息还包括：待换电车辆的ID和位置信息。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的调度方法，其特征在于，所述预设的移动换电装置分配策略包括：
    在所述服务模式为自助模式的情况下，若所述请求分配的移动换电装置处于空闲状态，则将所述请求分配的移动换电装置分配给所述用户端；否则，为所述用户端指定匹配的移动换电装置，并返回该移动换电装置的ID；
    在所述服务模式为共享模式的情况下，根据所述换电请求信息，为所述用户端选择匹配的移动换电装置；
    其中，
    所述请求分配的移动换电装置是所述用户端自主选择的移动换电装置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的调度方法，其特征在于，当所述请求的服务模式为自助模式时，“为所述用户端指定匹配的移动换电装置”的步骤具体包括：
    获取待换电车辆的ID和位置信息；
    获取当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的信息，其中，所述移动换电装置的信息，包括：移动换电装置的ID和位置信息，以及是否载有满电的动力电池包；
    根据所述待换电车辆的位置信息，以及所述当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的位置信息，从处于空闲状态且载有满电动力电池包的移动换电装置中为所述用户端指定距离所述待换电车辆最近的移动换电装置。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的调度方法，其特征在于，“根据所述换电请求信息，为所述用户端选择匹配的移动换电装置”进一步包括：
    获取当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的信息，其中，所述移动换电装置的信息，包括：移动换电装置的ID和位置信息，以及是否载有满电的动力电池包；
    根据所述待换电车辆的位置信息，以及所述当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的位置信息，从处于空闲状态且载有满电动力电池包的移动换电装置中为所述用户端选择距离所述待换电车辆最近的移动换电装置。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的调度方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在自助模式下，若确定所述用户端请求分配的移动换电装置处于空闲状态，则向所述用户端返回请求成功的信息，以使所述待换电车辆在自助模式下被执行换电操作；
    在共享模式下，根据所述换电请求信息，以及所分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，选择服务终端，以使所述待换电车辆在共享模式下被执行换电操作。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的调度方法，其特征在于，“所述待换电车辆在自助模式下被执行换电操作”，包括：
    由用户将所述待换电车辆开到分配的移动换电装置所在位置并进行换电；或者
    由用户将分配的移动换电装置运送到所述待换电车辆所在位置进行 换电；或者
    由所述用户端广播发布换电订单，由获取所述换电订单的服务终端对应的服务执行体将分配的移动换电装置运送到所述待换电车辆所在位置进行换电。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的调度方法，其特征在于，“根据所述换电请求信息，以及所分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，选择服务终端，以使所述待换电车辆在共享模式下被执行换电操作”，进一步包括：
    根据所述换电请求信息，以及所分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，向各服务终端广播发布换电订单；
    判断当前换电订单是否被某个服务终端所获取，若是，则向该服务终端发送对应移动换电装置的导引信息、对应待充电车辆的导引信息；否则，通过指派的方式选择服务终端。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的调度方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    换电结束后，根据分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，以及回收管理场地的位置信息，向回收管理端或所述服务终端或所述用户端发送回收管理指令以及回收导引信息，以使所述分配的移动换电装置被运送到回收管理场地进行储存，并对该移动换电装置上的欠电动力电池包充电；或者
    换电结束后，向所述分配的移动换电装置发送自动归位的指令，以使所述分配的移动换电装置自动回到原位。
  10. 一种存储设备，其存储有程序，其特征在于，所述程序适于由处理器加载并执行，以实现权利要求1-9中任一项所述的移动换电装置的调度方法。
  11. 一种处理设备，包括：处理器和存储器；
    所述处理器，适于执行程序；
    所述存储器，适于存储该程序；
    其特征在于，所述程序适于由所述处理器加载并执行，以实现权利要求1-9中任一项所述的移动换电装置的调度方法。
  12. 一种调度服务器，其特征在于，所述服务器包括：换电请求接收模块、分配模块；
    所述换电请求接收模块配置为：接收用户端发起的换电请求信息；其中，所述换电请求信息包括请求的服务模式；
    与所述换电请求接收模块通信连接的所述分配模块配置为：基于所述请求的服务模式，按照预设的移动换电装置分配策略，为所述用户端分配移动换电装置。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的服务器，其特征在于，所述服务模式包括：自助模式和共享模式；
    当所述请求的服务模式为自助模式时，所述换电请求信息还包括：请求分配的移动换电装置的ID；
    当所述请求的服务模式为共享模式时，所述换电请求信息还包括：待换电车辆的ID和位置信息。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的服务器，其特征在于，所述分配模块包括：第一分配单元、第二分配单元；
    所述第一分配单元配置为：在所述服务模式为自助模式的情况下，若所述请求分配的移动换电装置处于空闲状态，则将所述请求分配的移动换电装置分配给所述用户端；否则，为所述用户端指定匹配的移动换电装置，并返回该移动换电装置的ID；其中，所述请求分配的移动换电装置是所述用户端自主选择的移动换电装置；
    所述第二分配单元配置为：在所述服务模式为共享模式的情况下，根据所述换电请求信息，为所述用户端选择匹配的移动换电装置。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的服务器，其特征在于，所述第一分配单元包括：判断子单元、分配子单元、指定子单元；
    所述判断子单元配置为：判断所述请求分配的移动换电装置是否处 于空闲状态；
    所述分配子单元配置为：当所述请求分配的移动换电装置处于空闲状态时，将所述请求分配的移动换电装置分配给所述用户端；
    所述指定子单元配置为：当所述请求分配的移动换电装置处于非空闲状态时，获取待换电车辆的ID和位置信息，并获取当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的信息，其中，所述移动换电装置的信息包括：移动换电装置的ID和位置信息，以及是否载有满电的动力电池包；根据所述待换电车辆的位置信息，以及所述当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的位置信息，从处于空闲状态且载有满电动力电池包的移动换电装置中为所述用户端指定距离所述待换电车辆最近的移动换电装置，并返回该移动换电装置的ID。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的服务器，其特征在于，所述第二分配单元包括：信息获取子单元、选择子单元；
    所述信息获取子单元配置为：获取当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的信息，其中，所述移动换电装置的信息，包括：移动换电装置的ID和位置信息，以及是否载有满电的动力电池包；
    所述选择子单元配置为：根据所述待换电车辆的位置信息，以及所述当前处于空闲状态的各移动换电装置的位置信息，从处于空闲状态且载有满电动力电池包的移动换电装置中为所述用户端选择距离所述待换电车辆最近的移动换电装置。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的服务器，其特征在于，所述服务器还包括：确认模块、服务终端选择模块；
    所述确认模块配置为：在自助模式下，若确定所述用户端请求分配的移动换电装置处于空闲状态，则向所述用户端返回请求成功的信息，以使所述待换电车辆在自助模式下被执行换电操作；
    所述服务终端选择模块配置为：在共享模式下，根据所述换电请求信息，以及所分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，选择服务终端，以使所述待换电车辆在共享模式下被执行换电操作。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的服务器，其特征在于，“所述待换电车辆在自助模式下被执行换电操作”，包括：
    由用户将所述待换电车辆开到分配的移动换电装置所在位置并进行换电；或者
    由用户将分配的移动换电装置运送到所述待换电车辆所在位置进行换电；或者
    由所述用户端广播发布换电订单，由获取所述换电订单的服务终端对应的服务执行体将分配的移动换电装置运送到所述待换电车辆所在位置进行换电。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的服务器，其特征在于，所述服务终端选择模块包括：广播单元、控制单元、导引单元、指派单元；
    所述广播单元配置为：根据所述换电请求信息，以及所分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，向各服务终端广播发布换电订单；
    所述控制单元配置为：判断当前换电订单是否被某个服务终端所获取，若是，则调用所述导引单元；否则，调用所述指派单元；
    所述导引单元配置为：向服务终端发送对应移动换电装置的导引信息、对应待充电车辆的导引信息；
    所述指派单元配置为：通过指派的方式选择服务终端。
  20. 根据权利要求17所述的服务器，其特征在于，所述服务器还包括：回收管理模块；
    所述回收管理模块配置为：换电结束后，根据分配的移动换电装置的位置信息，以及回收管理场地的位置信息，向回收管理端或所述服务终端或所述用户端发送回收管理指令以及回收导引信息；或者
    换电结束后，向所述分配的移动换电装置发送自动归位的指令。
  21. 一种移动换电装置的调度系统，其特征在于，包括：权利要求12-20中任一项所述的调度服务器，以及至少一个移动换电装置；
    所述移动换电装置用于对待换电车辆进行换电操作。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的调度系统，其特征在于，还包括：至少一个用户端，所述用户端配置为：向所述服务器发起换电请求；其中，所述换电请求信息包括：请求的服务模式；和/或
    所述调度系统还包括：至少一个服务终端，所述服务终端配置为：接收所述服务器广播发布的换电订单并进行获取订单的操作；接收所述服务器发送的指派订单信息；接收所述用户端广播发布的换电订单并进行获取订单的操作；在获取订单成功或接收到指派订单后，查询和定位分配的所述移动换电装置，以及所述用户端和所述待换电车辆的位置。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的调度系统，其特征在于，所述服务终端和/或所述用户端还配置为：接收所述服务器发送的回收管理指令和回收导引信息，以根据所述导引信息定位到所述移动换电装置；和/或
    所述调度系统还包括：至少一个回收管理端，所述回收管理端配置为：接收所述服务器的回收管理指令以及回收导引信息，以根据所述导引信息定位到所述移动换电装置。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的调度系统，其特征在于，还包括：至少一个转运设备，所述转运设备用于对移动换电装置进行转运；和/或
    移动换电装置设置有转运装置；
    所述移动换电装置，还设置有联网通信装置和定位装置。
  25. 根据权利要求21-24中任一项所述的调度系统，其特征在于，所述移动换电装置，包括：车辆举升装置、动力电池包，以及动力电池拆卸装置、转移装置和安装装置；
    所述车辆举升装置用于将所述待换电车辆抬起至一定高度；
    所述动力电池包用于替换所述待换电车辆上的欠电动力电池包；
    所述动力电池拆卸装置用于将所述待换电车辆上的欠电动力电池包拆卸下来；
    所述转移装置用于转移动力电池包；
    所述安装装置用于将动力电池包安装到所述待换电车辆上。
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