WO2020017202A1 - 電動工具、制御方法、プログラム - Google Patents
電動工具、制御方法、プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020017202A1 WO2020017202A1 PCT/JP2019/023591 JP2019023591W WO2020017202A1 WO 2020017202 A1 WO2020017202 A1 WO 2020017202A1 JP 2019023591 W JP2019023591 W JP 2019023591W WO 2020017202 A1 WO2020017202 A1 WO 2020017202A1
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- Prior art keywords
- motor
- value
- voltage
- control device
- command value
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
- H02P27/085—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation wherein the PWM mode is adapted on the running conditions of the motor, e.g. the switching frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
- H02K7/145—Hand-held machine tool
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/26—Devices for sensing voltage, or actuated thereby, e.g. overvoltage protection devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
- H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/06—Arrangements for speed regulation of a single motor wherein the motor speed is measured and compared with a given physical value so as to adjust the motor speed
Definitions
- the present disclosure generally relates to a power tool, a control method, and a program. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a power tool for controlling a motor with a DC power supply, a control method for controlling the motor with a DC power supply, and a program for executing the control method.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a power tool.
- the electric tool disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a motor, a driving circuit that supplies power from a power supply to the motor, and a control unit that provides a target rotation speed in a plurality of modes and rotates the motor at the target rotation speed in a set mode.
- the power tool includes a voltage detection circuit that detects a voltage value of the power supply when the motor is stopped, and variably sets the target rotation speed based on the detected voltage value.
- the target rotation speed (motor speed) is set based on the voltage value of the power supply when the motor is stopped.
- the magnitude of the load applied to the motor and the voltage value of the power supply may fluctuate. Therefore, in Patent Literature 1, the rotation of the motor can be continued while the operation efficiency of the motor is reduced.
- the problem is to provide a power tool, a control method, and a program that can improve the operation efficiency of the motor.
- a power tool includes a motor and a motor control device.
- the motor control device updates a command value of the speed of the motor based on the parameter.
- the parameter is related to at least one of a magnitude of a load applied to the motor during rotation of the motor and a voltage of a DC power supply for the motor.
- the control method is a control method for a motor, and updates a command value for the speed of the motor based on a parameter.
- the parameter is related to at least one of a magnitude of a load applied to the motor during rotation of the motor and a voltage of a DC power supply for the motor.
- the program according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is a program for causing a computer system to execute the control method.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power tool according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of control by the motor control device of the electric tool.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the operation of the motor control device.
- FIG. 4 is a graph of a temporal change of a motor speed command value.
- FIG. 5 is another graph of the temporal change of the command value of the motor speed.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a power tool 100 according to an embodiment.
- the power tool 100 includes a motor 1 and a motor control device 3.
- the motor control device 3 determines the speed command value ⁇ of the motor 1 based on at least one of the magnitude of the load applied to the motor 1 during the rotation of the motor 1 and the voltage Vdc of the DC power supply 8 for the motor 1.
- 2 Update * .
- the rotating state of the motor 1 can be reflected in the command value ⁇ 2 * . That is, the motor control device 3 can dynamically (adaptively) control the speed command value ⁇ 2 * of the motor 1 instead of maintaining the command value ⁇ 2 * constant.
- the state during rotation of the motor 1 includes at least one of the magnitude of the load applied to the motor 1 and the voltage Vdc of the DC power supply 8 for the motor 1, and these are used to improve the operation efficiency of the motor 1. Can contribute. As described above, according to the power tool 100, an effect that the operation efficiency of the motor 1 can be improved can be obtained.
- the power tool 100 is a rotary impact tool (impact driver). As shown in FIG. 1, the power tool 100 includes a motor 1, an inverter circuit unit 2, a motor control device 3, a spindle 4, a hammer 5, an anvil 6, an input / output unit 7, a DC power source 8, , Is provided.
- the power tool 100 includes two phase current sensors 11.
- the spindle 4, the hammer 5, and the anvil 6 are devices for realizing a predetermined operation in the power tool 100.
- the spindle 4 is connected to an output shaft (rotor) of the motor 1.
- the spindle 4 is rotated by the rotation of the motor 1.
- the hammer 5 is connected to the spindle 4.
- the hammer 5 rotates together with the spindle 4. Further, the hammer 5 is urged to the anvil 6 by a spring or the like, the hammer 5 and the anvil 6 are engaged, and the rotation of the hammer 5 is transmitted to the anvil 6.
- the motor 1 is connected to the spindle 4.
- the motor 1 is a brushed DC motor or a DC brushless motor.
- the motor 1 is a DC brushless motor (a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor), and the motor 1 is composed of a rotor having a permanent magnet and an armature for three phases (U phase, V phase, W phase). And a stator having windings.
- the DC power supply 8 is a power supply used for driving the motor 1.
- the DC power supply 8 is a secondary battery in the present embodiment.
- DC power supply 8 is a so-called battery pack.
- the DC power supply 8 is also used as a power supply for the inverter circuit unit 2 and the motor control device 3.
- the inverter circuit unit 2 is a circuit for driving the motor 1.
- the inverter circuit section 2 the voltage V dc from the DC power supply 8, and converts the driving voltage V a of the motor 1.
- the driving voltage V a is a three-phase AC voltage including a U-phase voltage, V-phase voltage and the W-phase voltage.
- the U-phase voltage is represented by v u
- the V-phase voltage by v v is represented by v w
- Each of the voltages v u , v v , v w is a sine wave voltage.
- the inverter circuit unit 2 can be realized using a PWM inverter and a PWM converter.
- the driving voltage V a U-phase voltage v u, V-phase voltage v v, W-phase voltage v w
- target value voltage command value
- the pulse A width-modulated PWM signal is generated.
- PWM inverter drives the motor 1 by applying the drive voltage V a in accordance with the PWM signal (v u, v v, v w) of the motor 1. More specifically, the PWM inverter includes a half-bridge circuit for three phases and a driver.
- the PWM inverter by the driver to turn on / off the switching element in each half bridge circuit in accordance with the PWM signal, * the voltage command value v u, v v *, v w * driving voltage in accordance with V a (v u, v v, v w) is applied to the motor 1.
- the motor 1 the driving voltage V a (v u, v v , v w) drive current corresponding to the supplied.
- the drive current includes a U-phase current i u , a V-phase current i v , and a W-phase current i w .
- the U-phase current i u , the V-phase current iv , and the W-phase current i w are the current of the U-phase armature winding and the current of the V-phase armature winding in the stator of the motor 1.
- Two phase currents sensor 11 measures the U-phase current i u and the V-phase current i v of the drive current supplied from the inverter circuit 2 to the motor 1.
- W-phase current i w can be determined from the U-phase current i u and the V-phase current i v.
- the power tool 10 may include a current detector using a shunt resistor or the like instead of the phase current sensor 11.
- the input / output unit 7 is a user interface.
- the input / output unit 7 includes a display (for example, a display, an input device, and an operation device) used for displaying the operation of the power tool 100, setting the operation of the power tool 100, and operating the power tool 100.
- the input / output unit 7 has a function of setting a target value ⁇ 1 * of the speed of the motor 1.
- the input / output unit 7 determines the target value ⁇ 1 * according to the operation of the user, and gives the target value ⁇ 1 * to the motor control device 3.
- the motor control device 3 determines and updates the command value ⁇ 2 * of the speed of the motor 1. In particular, the motor control device 3 determines and updates the command value ⁇ 2 * of the speed of the motor 1 based on the target value ⁇ 1 * of the speed of the motor 1 provided from the input / output unit 7.
- the motor control device 3, the target value of the driving voltage V a as the speed of the motor 1 is equal to the command value omega 2 * (voltage command value) v u *, v v * , and determines the v w * It is given to the inverter circuit unit 2.
- the motor control device 3 controls the motor 1 using vector control.
- Vector control is a type of motor control system that separates a motor current into a current component that generates torque (rotational force) and a current component that generates magnetic flux, and controls each current component independently.
- FIG. 2 is an analysis model diagram of the motor 1 in the vector control.
- FIG. 2 shows U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase armature winding fixed axes.
- a rotating coordinate system that rotates at the same speed as the rotation speed of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet provided on the rotor of the motor 1 is considered.
- the direction of the magnetic flux created by the permanent magnet is taken as the d-axis
- the control rotation axis corresponding to the d-axis is taken as the ⁇ axis.
- the q axis is set to a phase advanced by 90 electrical degrees from the d axis
- the ⁇ axis is set to a phase advanced by 90 electrical degrees from the ⁇ axis.
- the rotation coordinate system corresponding to the real axis is a coordinate system in which the d axis and the q axis are selected as the coordinate axes, and the coordinate axes are called dq axes.
- the rotational coordinate system for control is a coordinate system in which the ⁇ axis and the ⁇ axis are selected as the coordinate axes, and the coordinate axes are referred to as ⁇ axes.
- the dq axes are rotating, and the rotation speed is represented by ⁇ . Also ⁇ -axis is rotating, and its rotation speed is represented by omega e.
- the angle (phase) of the d axis as viewed from the U-phase armature winding fixed axis is represented by ⁇ .
- the ⁇ axes represent the angle (phase) of the ⁇ -axis viewed from the U-phase armature winding fixed axis in theta e.
- the angles represented by ⁇ and ⁇ e are angles in electrical angles, which are also commonly referred to as rotor positions or magnetic pole positions.
- the rotation speeds represented by ⁇ and ⁇ e are angular velocities in electrical angles.
- ⁇ or ⁇ e may be referred to as a rotor position, and ⁇ or ⁇ e may be simply referred to as a speed, as necessary.
- the ⁇ -axis and the ⁇ -axis may be referred to as control estimation axes.
- the motor control device 3 basically performs vector control such that theta and theta e coincide. When the theta and theta e match, d-axis and q-axis becomes coincident with the respective ⁇ -axis and ⁇ -axis.
- the gamma-axis component and [delta] -axis component of the drive voltage V a respectively expressed in gamma-axis voltage v gamma and [delta] -axis voltage v [delta], gamma-axis component and [delta] axis of the drive current
- the components are represented by ⁇ -axis current i ⁇ and ⁇ -axis current i ⁇ , respectively.
- voltage command values representing target values of the ⁇ -axis voltage v ⁇ and the ⁇ -axis voltage v ⁇ are represented by a ⁇ -axis voltage command value v ⁇ * and a ⁇ -axis voltage command value v ⁇ * , respectively.
- the current command values representing the target values of the ⁇ -axis current i ⁇ and the ⁇ -axis current i ⁇ are represented by the specified ⁇ -axis current value i ⁇ * and the specified ⁇ -axis current value i ⁇ * , respectively.
- the motor control device 3 determines that the values of the ⁇ -axis voltage v ⁇ and the ⁇ -axis voltage v ⁇ follow the ⁇ -axis voltage command value v ⁇ * and the ⁇ -axis voltage command value v ⁇ * , respectively, and the ⁇ -axis current i ⁇ and the ⁇ -axis performs vector control so that the value of the current i [delta] follows the gamma-axis current value i gamma * and [delta] -axis current value i [delta] *, respectively.
- the motor control device 3 itself calculated at a predetermined update period (or detection) to the command value to output (i ⁇ *, i ⁇ * , v ⁇ *, v ⁇ *, v u *, v v * and v w * ) and the state quantities (i u , iv , i ⁇ , i ⁇ , ⁇ e and ⁇ e ) are updated.
- the motor control device 3 can be realized by, for example, a computer system including one or more processors (for example, a microprocessor) and one or more memories. That is, the one or more processors function as the motor control device 3 by executing one or more programs stored in one or more memories.
- the one or more programs may be recorded in a memory in advance, or may be provided through a telecommunication line such as the Internet, or recorded in a non-transitory recording medium such as a memory card.
- the motor control device 3 includes a coordinate converter 12, a subtractor 13, a subtractor 14, a current controller 15, a magnetic flux controller 16, a speed controller 17, a coordinate converter 18, a subtracter 19, a position / velocity estimating unit 20, a step-out detecting unit 21, and a setting unit 22.
- the unit 22 does not necessarily show a substantial configuration. These show the functions realized by the motor control device 3. Therefore, each element of the motor control device 3 can freely use each value generated in the motor control device 3.
- Coordinate converter 12 a U-phase current i u and the V-phase current i v by coordinate transformation on the ⁇ -axis, calculates a gamma-axis current i gamma and [delta] -axis current i [delta] on the basis of the rotor position theta e Output.
- the ⁇ -axis current i ⁇ corresponds to the d-axis current, is an exciting current, and is a current that hardly contributes to the torque.
- the ⁇ -axis current i ⁇ is a current corresponding to the q-axis current and greatly contributing to torque.
- Rotor position theta e is calculated from the position and speed estimation unit 20.
- the subtractor 19 refers to the speed ⁇ e and the command value ⁇ 2 *, and calculates a speed deviation ( ⁇ 2 * ⁇ e ) between the two .
- the speed ⁇ e is calculated by the position / speed estimating unit 20.
- the speed control unit 17 calculates and outputs the specified ⁇ -axis current value i ⁇ * such that the speed deviation ( ⁇ 2 * ⁇ e ) converges to zero by using proportional integral control or the like.
- the magnetic flux control unit 16 determines the specified ⁇ -axis current value i ⁇ * and outputs it to the subtractor 14.
- the specified ⁇ -axis current value i ⁇ * can take various values according to the type of vector control executed by the motor control device 3 and the speed ⁇ of the motor 1. For example, when the maximum torque control is performed with the d-axis current set to zero, the specified ⁇ -axis current value i ⁇ * is set to zero. When the d-axis current is supplied to perform the magnetic flux weakening control, the specified ⁇ -axis current value i ⁇ * is a negative value corresponding to the speed ⁇ e . The following description deals with the case where the specified ⁇ -axis current value i ⁇ * is 0.
- the subtractor 13 subtracts the ⁇ -axis current i ⁇ output from the coordinate converter 12 from the ⁇ -axis current command value i ⁇ * output from the magnetic flux control unit 16 to obtain a current error (i ⁇ * ⁇ i ⁇ ). calculate.
- the subtractor 14 subtracts the ⁇ -axis current i ⁇ output from the coordinate converter 12 from the value i ⁇ * output from the speed control unit 17 to calculate a current error (i ⁇ * ⁇ i ⁇ ).
- the current control unit 15 performs current feedback control using proportional integral control or the like such that both the current errors (i ⁇ * -i ⁇ ) and (i ⁇ * -i ⁇ ) converge to zero.
- non-interference control for eliminating interference between the ⁇ axis and the ⁇ axis is used so that both (i ⁇ * ⁇ i ⁇ ) and (i ⁇ * ⁇ i ⁇ ) converge to zero.
- the ⁇ -axis voltage command value v ⁇ * and the ⁇ -axis voltage command value v ⁇ * are calculated.
- the coordinate converter 18 converts v ⁇ * and v ⁇ * given from the current controller 15 on a three-phase fixed coordinate axis based on the rotor position ⁇ e output from the position / velocity estimator 20. Thereby, the voltage command values (v u * , v v *, and v w * ) are calculated and output.
- Position and speed estimation unit 20 estimates the rotor position theta e and velocity omega e. More specifically, the position / velocity estimating unit 20 calculates the proportionality using all or a part of i ⁇ and i ⁇ from the coordinate converter 12 and v ⁇ * and v ⁇ * from the current control unit 15. Performs integration control and the like. The position / speed estimating unit 20 estimates the rotor position ⁇ e and the speed ⁇ e such that the axis error ( ⁇ e ⁇ ) between the d axis and the ⁇ axis converges to zero. Note that various methods have conventionally been proposed as methods for estimating the rotor position ⁇ e and the speed ⁇ e , and the position / speed estimating unit 20 can employ any known method.
- the step-out detecting unit 21 determines whether the motor 1 is out of step. More specifically, the step-out detection unit 21 determines whether or not the motor 1 is out of synchronization based on the magnetic flux of the motor 1.
- the magnetic flux of the motor 1 is obtained from the d-axis current, the q-axis current, the specified ⁇ -axis voltage value v ⁇ *, and the specified ⁇ -axis voltage value v ⁇ * . If the amplitude of the magnetic flux of the motor 1 is less than the threshold value, the step-out detecting unit 21 may determine that the motor 1 is out of step.
- the threshold is appropriately determined based on the amplitude of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet of the motor 1. Note that various methods have been conventionally proposed as step-out detection methods, and the step-out detection unit 154 can employ any known method.
- the setting unit 22 determines and updates the command value ⁇ 2 * in the motor control device 3. Setting the command value ⁇ 2 * when the setting unit 22 receives the target value ⁇ 1 * from the input / output unit 7 is sometimes referred to as “determination of the command value ⁇ 2 * ”. On the other hand, setting the command value ⁇ 2 * at some timing after the setting unit 22 performs “determination of the command value ⁇ 2 * ” may be referred to as “update of the command value ⁇ 2 * ”.
- the setting unit 22 determines and updates the command value ⁇ 2 * based on the target value ⁇ 1 * received from the input / output unit 7.
- the setting unit 22 refers to the parameter when determining and updating the command value ⁇ 2 * .
- the parameter is defined by a value related to at least one of the magnitude of the load applied to the motor 1 during the rotation of the motor 1 and the voltage Vdc of the DC power supply 8 for the motor 1.
- the parameters include a modulation factor and a torque current value.
- the modulation degree is a value related to conversion from a DC voltage to an AC voltage.
- the modulation degree is sometimes called a modulation rate.
- the modulation degree, the target value of the driving voltage V a applied to the voltage V dc and the inverter circuit 2 of the DC power supply 8 in the inverter circuit 2 (voltage command value v u *, v v *, v w * ). More specifically, the degree of modulation is given by 2 * V out / V in.
- V in is the value of the voltage V dc of the DC power supply 8.
- V out is the peak value of the target value of the driving voltage V a.
- the peak value of the target value of the driving voltage V a is * voltage command values v u, v v *, v w * U -phase voltage corresponding to v u, V-phase voltage v v, and the peak value of the W-phase voltage v w It is.
- the peak value of the target value of the driving voltage V a is the voltage command values v u *, v v * , V w * corresponding to one of the peak values of the U-phase voltage v u , the V-phase voltage v v , and the W-phase voltage v w .
- the torque current value indicates the magnitude of the torque component of the current (phase current i u , iv , i w ) flowing through the motor 1.
- the value of the ⁇ -axis current i ⁇ corresponding to the value of the q-axis current is used as the torque current value.
- the setting unit 22 determines (updates) the command value ⁇ 2 * based on the comparison result between the parameter and the threshold. More specifically, the setting unit 22 determines whether the parameter satisfies the condition based on the comparison result between the parameter and the threshold.
- This condition is a condition for switching the method of determining / updating the command value ⁇ 2 * , and may be hereinafter referred to as a switching condition.
- the setting unit 22 brings the command value ⁇ 2 * closer to the target value ⁇ 1 * of the speed of the motor 1.
- the setting unit 22 decreases the command value ⁇ 2 * .
- the setting unit 22 may reduce the command value ⁇ 2 * by a predetermined value.
- the setting unit 22 may decrease the command value ⁇ 2 * by setting the command value ⁇ 2 * to the speed ⁇ e obtained by the position / speed estimation unit 20.
- omega 2 * when changing the command value omega 2 *, to the extent that the speed control unit 17 can follow changes the command value omega 2 *.
- the threshold value is a modulation factor threshold value corresponding to the modulation factor and a current threshold value corresponding to the torque current value.
- the modulation degree threshold is, for example, a value for determining whether the operation of the inverter circuit unit 2 is within an allowable range.
- Modulation degree threshold may be selected from a range of modulation factor that can change linearly the output of the inverter circuit 2 (drive voltage V a) with respect to the degree of modulation (modulation tolerance).
- the modulation degree threshold value may be an upper limit value of the modulation degree allowable range, or may be an appropriate value as long as it is within the modulation degree allowable range.
- the upper limit of the modulation degree allowable range also depends on the configuration of the inverter circuit section 2. However, as an example, the upper limit value is often in the range of 75 to 125% and in the range of 85 to 115%, and in this embodiment, 100%. It is. Of course, it is more efficient that the modulation degree threshold value is closer to the upper limit value of the modulation degree allowable range.
- the current threshold is, for example, a value for determining whether a load applied to the motor 1 during rotation of the motor 1 is within an allowable range.
- the current threshold can be selected from a range of torque current values (a load torque allowable range) when a load applied to the motor 1 during rotation of the motor 1 is within an allowable range.
- the current threshold may be an upper limit value of the load torque allowable range, or may be an appropriate value as long as it is within the load torque allowable range. Of course, it is more efficient that the current threshold is closer to the upper limit of the load torque allowable range, but the current threshold is often limited by the current rating of the inverter circuit 2 or the current rating of the motor 1. 2 current rating.
- the setting unit 22 changes the parameter to the switching condition. It is determined that the condition is satisfied. In other words, the setting unit 22 determines that the parameter does not satisfy the switching condition when both the first condition and the second condition are not satisfied.
- FIG. 4 shows a temporal change of the command value ⁇ 2 * when the screw tightening operation of the wood screw is performed by the power tool 100.
- FIG. 5 shows a temporal change in the command value ⁇ 2 * when the bolt tightening operation is performed by the power tool 100.
- the setting unit 22 starts the process of determining and updating the command value ⁇ 2 * when receiving the target value ⁇ 1 * from the input / output unit 7 or at an arbitrary timing thereafter.
- the setting unit 22 acquires a parameter (S11).
- the setting unit 22 acquires the modulation factor and the torque current value.
- the setting unit 22 determines whether or not the parameters (the modulation degree and the torque current value) satisfy the condition (the switching condition) (S12).
- the setting unit 22 determines whether the first condition that the modulation factor exceeds the modulation factor threshold and the second condition that the torque current value exceeds the current threshold value are satisfied, respectively.
- the setting unit 22 determines that the parameter does not satisfy the switching condition (S12; No). In this case, setting unit 22, command value omega 2 * to determine whether they match the target value ⁇ 1 * (S13). If the command value omega 2 * has not been equal to the target value ⁇ 1 * (S13; No) , setting unit 22, closer to the command value omega 2 * to the target value ⁇ 1 * (S14). In other words, setting unit 22, command value omega 2 * increases the command value omega 2 * If target omega less than 1 *, the command value omega if command value omega 2 * exceeds the target value omega 1 * 2 * is reduced.
- the setting unit 22 maintains the command value ⁇ 2 * .
- the parameter is a state that does not meet the switching condition
- setting unit 22 commands the command value omega 2 * coincides with the target value omega 1 * value omega 2 * Change gradually.
- the parameter is a state that does not meet the switching condition
- setting unit 22 command value omega 2 as the command value omega 2 * coincides with the target value omega 1 * * Change gradually.
- the setting unit 22 determines that the parameter satisfies the switching condition (S12; Yes). In this case, the setting unit 22 decreases the command value ⁇ 2 * (S15). For example, in FIG. 4, satisfies the parameters switching condition at time t 10, which thereafter, setting unit 22 gradually decreases regardless command value omega 2 * to the target value omega 1 *. Similarly, in FIG. 5, satisfies the time t 20 the parameter switching condition, setting unit 22 gradually decreases regardless command value omega 2 * to the target value omega 1 *. This prevents the motor control device 3 from forcibly maintaining the speed of the motor 1, so that the motor 1 can be prevented from stepping out and can continue to drive.
- the modulation degree threshold is the upper limit of the modulation degree allowable range, even if the voltage V dc of the DC power supply 8 fluctuates, it is possible to continue driving the motor 1 at the maximum speed (maximum rotational speed) commensurate with the fluctuation. it can.
- the motor control device 3 sets the speed ⁇ of the motor 1 to the target value ⁇ 1 * (target rotation speed) given from the input / output unit 7.
- the command value ⁇ 2 * is set so that That is, the motor control device 3 performs control (normal target value control) for setting the command value ⁇ 2 * to the target value ⁇ 1 * .
- the motor control device 3 decreases the command value ⁇ 2 * regardless of the target value ⁇ 1 * provided from the input / output unit 7. That is, the motor control device 3 performs control (dynamic speed target value control) for updating the target value ⁇ 1 * according to the parameter while the motor 1 is rotating.
- the electric power tool 100 it is possible to dynamically cope with a change in the load (for example, load torque) applied when the motor 1 rotates and a change in the voltage Vdc of the DC power supply 8. Therefore, the motor 1 can always be rotated at the maximum rotational speed without step-out according to the fluctuation of the load torque or the fluctuation of the voltage Vdc of the DC power supply 8.
- load for example, load torque
- the optimal operation of the motor 1 can be performed according to the type of the DC power supply 8 and the charge / discharge status. Therefore, there is no need to redo the setting of the target value ⁇ 1 * of the speed of the motor 1 according to the type of the DC power supply 8 and the charging / discharging status.
- the motor 1 is not dynamically stepped out according to the work or the target work. Can operate at maximum speed (maximum speed). Therefore, complicated control and setting of the speed target value according to the work mode is not required. As a result, the time required for completing the work can be reduced, and the work efficiency can be improved. Further, the power consumption of the DC power supply 8 can be reduced.
- the power tool 100 of the present embodiment work efficiency can be improved. Further, according to the power tool 100, the power consumption can be reduced. Further, according to the power tool 100, the stability of the operation can be improved.
- the power tool 100 includes the motor 1 and the motor control device 3.
- the motor control device 3 determines the speed command value ⁇ of the motor 1 based on at least one of the magnitude of the load applied to the motor 1 during the rotation of the motor 1 and the voltage Vdc of the DC power supply 8 for the motor 1. 2 Update * . Therefore, according to the power tool 100, the operation efficiency of the motor 1 can be improved.
- the motor control device 3 executes the following control method (motor control method).
- the control method is a control method of the motor 1, and is based on a parameter relating to at least one of a magnitude of a load applied to the motor 1 during rotation of the motor 1 and a voltage Vdc of the DC power supply 8 for the motor 1.
- the command value ⁇ 2 * of the speed of the motor 1 is updated. According to this control method, the operation efficiency of the motor 1 can be improved.
- the motor control device 3 is realized by a computer system. That is, the motor control device 3 is realized by a computer system executing a program (motor control program).
- This program is a program for causing a computer system to execute the above control method (motor control method). According to such a program, the operation efficiency of the motor 1 can be improved as in the above-described control method.
- the parameters include the modulation degree and the torque current value, but the parameter may be only the modulation degree.
- the motor control device 3 may approach the command value ⁇ 2 * to the target value ⁇ 1 * of the speed of the motor 1 if the modulation factor is equal to or less than the modulation factor threshold.
- the motor control device 3 may decrease the command value ⁇ 2 * .
- the parameter may be only the torque current value.
- the motor control device 3 brings the command value ⁇ 2 * closer to the target value ⁇ 1 * of the speed of the motor 1. May be.
- the motor control device 3 may decrease the command value ⁇ 2 * .
- the parameters are not limited to the modulation degree and the torque current value.
- a power supply voltage value indicating the magnitude of the voltage Vdc of the DC power supply 8 can be used.
- a voltage threshold corresponding to the power supply voltage value is used as the threshold.
- the voltage threshold is, for example, a value for determining whether the value of voltage Vdc of DC power supply 8 is within an allowable range.
- Voltage threshold, the target value of the driving voltage V a from the DC power supply 8 (voltage command value v u *, v v *, v w *) is selected from the range that can generate a driving voltage V a that satisfies the (voltage tolerance) obtain.
- the voltage threshold may be a lower limit value of the voltage allowable range, or may be an appropriate value as long as the voltage threshold is within the voltage allowable range. Of course, it is more efficient that the voltage threshold is closer to the upper limit of the voltage allowable range. If the power supply voltage value is equal to or greater than the voltage threshold, the motor control device 3 (setting unit 22) may approach the command value ⁇ 2 * to the target value ⁇ 1 * of the speed of the motor 1. On the other hand, if the power supply voltage value is less than the voltage threshold, the motor control device 3 (setting unit 22) can obtain the same effect as using the modulation factor as a parameter even if the command value ⁇ 2 * is reduced.
- the parameter may include one or more values selected from the modulation factor, the torque current value, and the power supply voltage value.
- the parameter when it includes two or more values selected from the modulation factor, the torque current value, and the power supply voltage value, when it is determined that the command value ⁇ 2 * is reduced at any value, It may be determined that the parameter satisfies the condition.
- the command value ⁇ 2 * when it is determined that a priority is given to two or more values included in the parameter and the command value ⁇ 2 * is decreased for a value with a higher priority, the parameter satisfies the condition regardless of the other. You may decide.
- U-phase drive voltages V a, V-phase, and W-phase voltage v u, v v, v w is the sine wave voltage.
- U-phase drive voltages V a, V-phase, and W-phase voltage v u, v v, v w may be a rectangular wave voltage. That is, the inverter circuit unit 2 may drive the motor 1 with a sine wave or a rectangular wave.
- the motor control device 3 executes the control of the motor 1 by the vector control without the sensor.
- the control method of the motor control device 3 is not limited to vector control, and may be another method such as 120-degree conduction control.
- the power tool 100 may include a position sensor that detects the position of the motor 1 (rotor rotation position).
- the sensor for detecting the current of the motor 1 (for example, the phase current sensor 11) may be omitted in the case of another method such as 120-degree conduction control.
- a shunt resistor or the like provided in the inverter circuit unit 2 may be used. That is, a current measuring device using a shunt resistor or the like may be used instead of the phase current sensor 11. In these cases, a simpler method can be used as a control method of the motor control device 3, which leads to simplification of circuits and control.
- the power tool 100 includes the spindle 4, the hammer 5, and the anvil 6 as devices for realizing a predetermined operation.
- a device is not limited to the spindle 4, the hammer 5, and the anvil 6, but may be a drill or a saw. That is, the power tool 100 is not limited to the impact driver, but may be a drill driver or a jigsaw.
- the execution subject of the motor control device 3 described above includes a computer system.
- the computer system has a processor and a memory as hardware.
- the processor executes the program recorded in the memory of the computer system, the function as the execution subject of the motor control device 3 in the present disclosure is realized.
- the program may be recorded in a memory of the computer system in advance, or may be provided through a telecommunication line. Further, the program may be provided by being recorded on a non-transitory recording medium such as a memory card, an optical disk, and a hard disk drive that can be read by a computer system.
- a processor of a computer system includes one or more electronic circuits including a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) or a large-scale integrated circuit (LSI).
- the term is referred to as an IC or an LSI, but the term is changed depending on the degree of integration.
- a system LSI VLSI (very large scale integration), or ULSI (ultra large scale integration) may be used.
- a field programmable gate array FGPA
- FGPA field programmable gate array
- the plurality of electronic circuits may be integrated on one chip, or may be provided separately on a plurality of chips.
- the plurality of chips may be integrated in one device, or may be provided separately in a plurality of devices.
- a power tool (100) includes a motor (1) and a motor control device (3).
- the motor control device (3) updates a command value ( ⁇ 2 * ) of the speed of the motor (1) based on the parameter.
- the parameter relates to at least one of a magnitude of a load applied to the motor (1) during rotation of the motor (1) and a voltage (V dc ) of a DC power supply (8) for the motor (1).
- V dc voltage of a DC power supply (8) for the motor (1).
- the power tool (100) according to the second aspect can be realized by a combination with the first aspect.
- the motor control device (3) updates the command value ( ⁇ 2 * ) based on a comparison result between the parameter and a threshold. According to the second aspect, the operation efficiency of the motor (1) can be improved.
- the power tool (100) of the third aspect can be realized by a combination with the second aspect.
- the parameter includes a modulation factor.
- the operation efficiency of the motor (1) can be improved.
- the power tool (100) according to the fourth aspect can be realized by a combination with the third aspect.
- the threshold includes a modulation factor threshold.
- the motor control device (3) decreases the command value ( ⁇ 2 * ) when the modulation factor exceeds the modulation factor threshold. According to the fourth aspect, the possibility of step-out of the motor (1) can be reduced.
- the power tool (100) according to the fifth aspect can be realized by a combination with the fourth aspect.
- the motor control device (3) changes the command value ( ⁇ 2 * ) to a target value ( ⁇ 1 ) of the speed of the motor (1). * ).
- the speed of the motor (1) can be set to a desired target value ( ⁇ 1 * ).
- the power tool (100) of the sixth aspect can be realized by a combination with any one of the second to fifth aspects.
- the parameter includes a torque current value indicating a magnitude of a torque component of a current flowing through the motor (1). According to the sixth aspect, the operation efficiency of the motor (1) can be improved.
- the power tool (100) according to the seventh aspect can be realized by a combination with the sixth aspect.
- the threshold includes a current threshold.
- the motor control device (3) as long as more than the torque current value is the current threshold, reducing the command value (omega 2 *). According to the seventh aspect, the possibility of step-out of the motor (1) can be reduced.
- the power tool (100) according to the eighth aspect can be realized by a combination with the seventh aspect.
- the motor control device (3) changes the command value ( ⁇ 2 * ) to a target value ( ⁇ 1 ) of the speed of the motor (1). * ).
- the speed of the motor (1) can be set to a desired target value ( ⁇ 1 * ).
- the power tool (100) according to the ninth aspect can be realized by a combination with any one of the second to eighth aspects.
- the parameter includes a power supply voltage value indicating a magnitude of a voltage (V dc ) of the DC power supply (8).
- V dc a voltage of the DC power supply (8).
- the power tool (100) according to the tenth aspect can be realized by a combination with the ninth aspect.
- the threshold includes a voltage threshold.
- the motor control device (3) decreases the command value ( ⁇ 2 * ) if the power supply voltage value is less than the voltage threshold. According to the tenth aspect, the possibility of step-out of the motor (1) can be reduced.
- the power tool (100) according to the eleventh aspect can be realized by a combination with the tenth aspect.
- the motor control device (3) changes the command value ( ⁇ 2 * ) to a target value ( ⁇ 1 ) of the speed of the motor (1). * ).
- the speed of the motor (1) can be set to a desired target value ( ⁇ 1 * ).
- the power tool (100) according to the twelfth aspect can be realized by a combination with any one of the first to eleventh aspects.
- the motor (1) is a brushless motor. According to the twelfth aspect, the operation efficiency of the motor (1) can be improved.
- the power tool (100) according to the thirteenth aspect can be realized by a combination with the twelfth aspect.
- the power tool (100) further includes an inverter circuit section (2) that generates a drive voltage (V a ) from the DC power supply (8) and outputs the drive voltage (V a ) to the motor (1).
- the motor control device (3) is configured to set a target value (v u * , v v * , v) of the drive voltage (V a ) such that the speed of the motor (1) matches the command value ( ⁇ 2 * ).
- w * ) is determined and given to the inverter circuit section (2). According to the thirteenth aspect, the operation efficiency of the motor (1) can be improved.
- a control method is a control method for the motor (1).
- the control method relates to at least one of a magnitude of a load applied to the motor (1) during rotation of the motor (1) and a voltage (V dc ) of a DC power supply (8) for the motor (1).
- the command value ( ⁇ 2 * ) of the speed of the motor (1) is updated based on the parameters. According to the fourteenth aspect, there is an effect that the operation efficiency of the motor (1) can be improved.
- a program according to a fifteenth aspect is a program for causing a computer system to execute the control method according to the fourteenth aspect. According to the fifteenth aspect, the operation efficiency of the motor (1) can be improved.
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- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
1.1 概要
図1は、一実施形態の電動工具100のブロック図を示す。電動工具100は、モータ1と、モータ制御装置3と、を備える。モータ制御装置3は、モータ1の回転中におけるモータ1にかかる負荷の大きさ及びモータ1用の直流電源8の電圧Vdcの少なくとも一方に関連するパラメータに基づいてモータ1の速度の指令値ω2 *を更新する。
以下、本実施形態の電動工具100について更に詳細に説明する。電動工具100は、回転打撃工具(インパクトドライバ)である。電動工具100は、図1に示すように、モータ1と、インバータ回路部2と、モータ制御装置3と、スピンドル4と、ハンマ5と、アンビル6と、入出力部7と、直流電源8と、を備える。また、電動工具100は、2つの相電流センサ11を備える。
次に、電動工具100の動作、特に、モータ制御装置3の設定部22の動作について、図3のフローチャート及び図4及び図5のグラフを参照して説明する。図4は、電動工具100により木ねじのねじ締め作業を行った場合の、指令値ω2 *の時間的変化を示す。図5は、電動工具100によりボルトのねじ締め作業を行った場合の、指令値ω2 *の時間的変化を示す。
以上述べたように、電動工具100は、モータ1と、モータ制御装置3と、を備える。モータ制御装置3は、モータ1の回転中におけるモータ1にかかる負荷の大きさ及びモータ1用の直流電源8の電圧Vdcの少なくとも一方に関連するパラメータに基づいてモータ1の速度の指令値ω2 *を更新する。したがって、この電動工具100によれば、モータ1の動作効率を改善できる。
本開示の実施形態は、上記実施形態に限定されない。上記実施形態は、本開示の目的を達成できれば、設計等に応じて種々の変更が可能である。以下に、上記実施形態の変形例を列挙する。
上記実施形態及び変形例から明らかなように、本開示は、下記の態様を含む。以下では、実施形態との対応関係を明示するためだけに、符号を括弧付きで付している。
1 モータ
2 インバータ回路部
3 モータ制御装置
8 直流電源
ω1 * 目標値
ω2 * 指令値
Va 駆動電圧
vu *,vv *,vw * 目標値
Vdc 電圧
Claims (15)
- モータと、
モータ制御装置と、
を備え、
前記モータ制御装置は、前記モータの回転中における前記モータにかかる負荷の大きさ及び前記モータ用の直流電源の電圧の少なくとも一方に関連するパラメータに基づいて前記モータの速度の指令値を更新する、
電動工具。 - 前記モータ制御装置は、前記パラメータと閾値との比較結果に基づいて前記指令値を更新する、
請求項1の電動工具。 - 前記パラメータは、変調度を含む、
請求項2の電動工具。 - 前記閾値は、変調度閾値を含み、
前記モータ制御装置は、前記変調度が前記変調度閾値を超えていれば、前記指令値を低下させる、
請求項3の電動工具。 - 前記モータ制御装置は、前記変調度が前記変調度閾値以下であれば、前記指令値を前記モータの速度の目標値に近付ける、
請求項4の電動工具。 - 前記パラメータは、前記モータに流れる電流のトルク成分の大きさを示すトルク電流値を含む、
請求項2~5のいずれか一つの電動工具。 - 前記閾値は、電流閾値を含み、
前記モータ制御装置は、前記トルク電流値が前記電流閾値を超えていれば、前記指令値を低下させる、
請求項6の電動工具。 - 前記モータ制御装置は、前記トルク電流値が前記電流閾値以下であれば、前記指令値を前記モータの速度の目標値に近付ける、
請求項7の電動工具。 - 前記パラメータは、前記直流電源の電圧の大きさを示す電源電圧値を含む、
請求項2~8のいずれか一つの電動工具。 - 前記閾値は、電圧閾値を含み、
前記モータ制御装置は、前記電源電圧値が前記電圧閾値未満であれば、前記指令値を低下させる、
請求項9の電動工具。 - 前記モータ制御装置は、前記電源電圧値が前記電圧閾値以上であれば、前記指令値を前記モータの速度の目標値に近付ける、
請求項10の電動工具。 - 前記モータは、ブラシレスモータである、
請求項1~11のいずれか一つの電動工具。 - 前記直流電源から駆動電圧を生成してモータに出力するインバータ回路部を更に備え、
前記モータ制御装置は、前記モータの速度が前記指令値に一致するように前記駆動電圧の目標値を決定して前記インバータ回路部に与える、
請求項12の電動工具。 - モータの制御方法であって、
前記モータの回転中における前記モータにかかる負荷の大きさ及び前記モータ用の直流電源の電圧の少なくとも一方に関連するパラメータに基づいて前記モータの速度の指令値を更新する、
制御方法。 - コンピュータシステムに、請求項14の制御方法を実行させるための、
プログラム。
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CN201980048108.9A CN112423938B (zh) | 2018-07-18 | 2019-06-14 | 电动工具、控制方法和程序 |
EP19837780.6A EP3825069B1 (en) | 2018-07-18 | 2019-06-14 | Electric tool, control method, and program |
US17/260,667 US11855520B2 (en) | 2018-07-18 | 2019-06-14 | Electric tool, control method, and program |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4207583A4 (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2024-02-28 | Nanjing Chervon Ind Co Ltd | POWER TOOL |
WO2022232434A1 (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-11-03 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Power tool including a machine learning block for controlling field weaken of a permanent magnet motor |
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CN112423938A (zh) | 2021-02-26 |
US11855520B2 (en) | 2023-12-26 |
JPWO2020017202A1 (ja) | 2021-08-02 |
EP3825069B1 (en) | 2023-05-17 |
EP3825069A4 (en) | 2021-10-13 |
EP3825069A1 (en) | 2021-05-26 |
US20220140694A1 (en) | 2022-05-05 |
JP7357204B2 (ja) | 2023-10-06 |
CN112423938B (zh) | 2023-07-04 |
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