WO2020012665A1 - 方向性電磁鋼板及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
方向性電磁鋼板及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020012665A1 WO2020012665A1 PCT/JP2018/026618 JP2018026618W WO2020012665A1 WO 2020012665 A1 WO2020012665 A1 WO 2020012665A1 JP 2018026618 W JP2018026618 W JP 2018026618W WO 2020012665 A1 WO2020012665 A1 WO 2020012665A1
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- oxide film
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- intermediate oxide
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet used as an iron core material of a transformer and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent adhesion of a tension insulating film and a method for manufacturing the same.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is a silicon steel sheet containing 7% by mass or less of Si and composed of crystal grains highly oriented and integrated in the ⁇ 110 ⁇ ⁇ 001> direction (hereinafter, Goss direction). Used as a core material.
- the highly oriented accumulation of the Goss orientation in the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is realized by using a grain growth phenomenon called secondary recrystallization.
- Grain-oriented electrical steel sheets are required to have high magnetic flux density (represented by B8 value) and low iron loss (represented by W17 / 50 value) as magnetic properties. Therefore, a demand for reduction of power loss, that is, reduction of iron loss has been further increased.
- the magnetic domains change with the movement of the domain wall under an alternating magnetic field. Smooth movement of the domain wall is effective in reducing iron loss, but when observing the movement of the magnetic domain, there are some magnetic domains that do not move.
- Patent Documents 1 to 5 disclose a method of controlling the dew point of decarburizing annealing and forming an oxide layer formed at the time of decarburizing annealing by using an Fe-based oxide (Fe 2 SiO 4 , FeO, etc.). ) And using a material such as alumina that does not react with silica as an annealing separator to achieve a smooth surface after finish annealing.
- an Fe-based oxide Fe 2 SiO 4 , FeO, etc.
- forming a phosphate-based insulating film on the glass film generated in the finish annealing step is a general method of manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- Patent Literature 8 the technology disclosed in Patent Literature 8 is to perform annealing on a mirror-finished or finish-annealed unidirectional silicon steel sheet prepared in a state close to a mirror surface in a specific atmosphere for each temperature, and to obtain a steel sheet surface.
- an external oxidation-type oxide film is formed on the substrate, and the adhesion between the tension insulating film and the steel sheet is secured by the oxide film.
- Patent Document 9 discloses a method in which, when the tensile insulating film is crystalline, a base film of an amorphous oxide is formed on the surface of a finish-annealed unidirectional silicon steel sheet without an inorganic mineral film. This is a technique for preventing steel sheet oxidation that occurs when a crystalline tension insulating film is formed.
- Patent Document 10 further develops the technology disclosed in Patent Document 8, and controls the film structure of a metal oxide film containing Al, Mn, Ti, Cr, and Si at the interface between the tension insulating film and the steel sheet. This is a method for improving the adhesion of the insulating film.
- the adhesiveness at the interface between the metal oxide layer and the steel sheet, where stress sensitivity is most problematic is not controlled, and the technique disclosed in Patent Document 10 is insufficient as a technique for improving the adhesiveness of the film. is there.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-278670 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-10827 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-118750 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-118750 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-268450 JP-A-48-039338 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-131976 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 06-184762 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-278833 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-348463
- a unidirectional silicon steel sheet having a tensile insulating film formed on the surface of a steel sheet when the insulating film is formed on a glass film (forsterite-based film), the film adhesion of the insulating film is good, but the glass film is When intentionally suppressing the formation of, or removing the glass film by means such as grinding or pickling, and further flattening the steel sheet surface to a mirror-like luster to form a tension insulating film, the insulating film Is not sufficient in film adhesion, and it is difficult to achieve both film adhesion and magnetic stability.
- the present invention is intended to intentionally suppress the formation of a glass film, remove the glass film by means such as grinding or pickling, and further flatten the surface of the steel plate until it exhibits a specular gloss, finish annealed
- An object of the present invention is to form a tensile insulating film having excellent film adhesion on the surface of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet without impairing magnetic properties and stability thereof, and a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet that solves the problem and a method of manufacturing the same. The purpose is to provide.
- an oxide film (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as an “intermediate oxide film layer” or “SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer”) is formed on the surface of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet that has been subjected to finish annealing.
- an intermediate oxide film layer or “SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer”
- an oxide of the intermediate oxide layer is an Si oxide (SiO 2), a SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer, the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer and the steel plate, Al, Cu, Cr, It was found that one or more of Ca was concentrated.
- the present invention has been made based on the above findings, and the gist is as follows.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes a base steel sheet and an intermediate steel sheet formed on the base steel sheet, containing SiO 2 and having an average thickness of 1.0 nm to 1.0 ⁇ m. An oxide film layer, and a tension insulating film formed on the intermediate oxide film layer.
- the base steel sheet contains, as chemical components, C: 0.01% or less, Si: 2.50 to 4.00%, acid-soluble Al: 0.0010 to 0.0100%, and N: 0. 012% or less, Mn: 1.00% or less, S: 0.02% or less, with the balance being Fe and impurities.
- the time differential curve f M (t) of the glow discharge emission analysis spectrum of the metal element M (M: Al) in the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer satisfies the following expression (1).
- T p time t (second) corresponding to the minimum value of the second-order time differential curve of the glow discharge emission analysis spectrum of Si
- T f Time t (second) corresponding to 2T p ⁇ T s where T s is the analysis start point of the glow discharge emission analysis spectrum of Si.
- the base steel sheet contains, as the chemical components, Cr: 0.01 to 0.50% and Cu: 0.01 to 0. Glow discharge emission spectrum of metal element M (M: Cr, Cu, Ca) in the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer further containing one or more of 50% and Ca: 0.001 to 0.05%.
- the time derivative curve f M (t) may be satisfied one or more of the following formulas (2) to (4).
- the base material steel sheet contains, as the chemical component, Sn: 0.01 to 0.20% and B: 0. One or two kinds of 001 to 0.010% may be further contained.
- a method for producing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to another aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to any one of the above (1) to (3), An oxide film forming step of forming an intermediate oxide film layer on the surface of the steel sheet; In the oxide film forming step, annealing temperature T1: 600 to 1200 ° C., annealing time: 5 to 1200 seconds, oxygen partial pressure P H2O / P H2 : 0.15 or less, average heating rate in a temperature range of 600 ° C. to T1 ° C. HR2: Annealing is performed under the conditions of 5 to 50 ° C./sec.
- the average cooling rate CR1 in the temperature range of T2 ° C. to T1 ° C. is set to 50 ° C./sec or less, and in the temperature range of 100 ° C. to T2 ° C.
- the average cooling rate CR2 is less than CR1.
- T2 ° C. represents a temperature represented by T1 ° C.-100 ° C.
- the formation of the glass film is intentionally suppressed, or the glass film is removed by means such as grinding or pickling, and the surface of the steel sheet is flattened until it exhibits a mirror gloss, and has been subjected to finish annealing.
- a tensile insulating film having excellent film adhesion can be formed on the surface of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet without impairing the magnetic properties and its stability.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “the present electrical steel sheet”) is formed on a base steel sheet and the base steel sheet, contains SiO 2 , and has an average thickness of 1.0 nm.
- An intermediate oxide film layer having a thickness of about 1.0 ⁇ m; and a tension insulating film formed on the intermediate oxide film layer.
- the base material steel sheet as a chemical component, in mass%, C: 0.010% or less; Si: 2.50 to 4.00%; Acid-soluble Al: 0.0010 to 0.0100% or less; N: 0.012% or less; Mn: 1.00% or less; S: 0.02% or less; And the balance consists of Fe and impurities, and the time differential curve fM (t) of the glow discharge emission spectrum of the metal element M (M: Al) in the intermediate oxide film layer satisfies the following equation (1). .
- T p time t (second) corresponding to the minimum value of the second-order time differential curve of the glow discharge emission analysis spectrum of Si
- T f Time t (second) corresponding to 2T p ⁇ T s where T s is the analysis start point of the glow discharge emission analysis spectrum of Si.
- the magnetic steel sheet of the present invention further comprises one or more of Cr: 0.01 to 0.50%, Cu: 0.01 to 0.50%, and Ca: 0.001 to 0.05% by mass%.
- the time differential curve f M (t) of the glow discharge emission analysis spectrum of the metal element M (M: Cr, Cu, Ca) of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer contains the following formulas (2) to (2). One or two or more of 4) may be satisfied.
- the magnetic steel sheet of the present invention may further contain one or more of Sn: 0.01 to 0.20% and B: 0.001 to 0.010% by mass%.
- the method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present invention includes an oxide film forming step of forming an intermediate oxide film layer on a steel sheet surface.
- Annealing temperature T1 600 to 1200 ° C.
- annealing time 5 to 1200 seconds
- oxygen partial pressure P H2O / P H2 0.15 or less
- average heating rate HR2 in the temperature range of 600 ° C. to T1 ° C .: 5 to 50 ° C.
- the average cooling rate CR1 in the temperature range of T2 ° C. to T1 ° C.
- T2 ° C. represents a temperature represented by T1 ° C.-100 ° C.
- C 0.010% or less
- C suppresses the formation of a concentrated layer of Al and other elements at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet. For this reason, C is set to 0.010% or less. From the viewpoint of improving iron loss characteristics, 0.008% or less is preferable.
- the lower limit includes 0%, but since the detection limit of C is about 0.0001%, 0.0001% is a practical lower limit on practical steel sheets.
- Si 2.50 to 4.00% If Si is less than 2.50%, secondary recrystallization does not sufficiently proceed, and good magnetic flux density and iron loss characteristics cannot be obtained. Therefore, Si is set to 2.50% or more. It is preferably at least 2.75%, more preferably at least 3.00%.
- Si exceeds 4.00%, the steel sheet becomes brittle, and the sheet passing property in the manufacturing process is significantly deteriorated. It is preferably at most 3.75%, more preferably at most 3.50%.
- Acid-soluble Al 0.0010% or more and 0.0100% or less
- acid-soluble Al is an essential element from the viewpoint of improving film adhesion. That is, the acid-soluble Al is an element that is concentrated at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet to form a concentrated layer, thereby significantly improving the film adhesion.
- the acid-soluble Al is less than 0.0010%, the concentrated layer is not formed, so the acid-soluble Al is made 0.0010% or more. Preferably it is 0.0030% or more.
- the acid-soluble Al is contained in the slab composition at an upper limit of 0.07% from the viewpoint of the passability of cold rolling.
- the upper limit of acid-soluble Al is 0.07%, but in practice, Al is discharged out of the steel sheet through secondary recrystallization annealing.
- the acid-soluble Al contained in the base steel sheet will be 0.0100% or less. If the content is 0.07% or less, there is no problem in the sheet passing property. However, as the acid-soluble Al contained in the base steel sheet is small, the iron loss characteristics are good, and the content is preferably 0.006% or less.
- N 0.012% or less
- N are 0.012% or less.
- it is 0.010% or less, more preferably 0.009% or less.
- the lower limit includes 0%, but since the detection limit of N is about 0.0001%, 0.0001% is a practical lower limit in practical steel sheets.
- Mn 1.00% or less If Mn exceeds 1.00%, the steel undergoes a phase transformation in secondary recrystallization annealing, secondary recrystallization does not sufficiently proceed, and good magnetic flux density and iron loss characteristics are obtained. Therefore, Mn is set to 1.00% or less. Preferably it is 0.50% or less, more preferably 0.20% or less.
- MnS can be used as an inhibitor during secondary recrystallization, but when AlN is used as an inhibitor, MnS is not essential, so the lower limit of Mn includes 0%.
- MnS is set to 0.02% or more. It is preferably at least 0.05%, more preferably at least 0.07%.
- S 0.02% or less
- S is set to 0.02% or less. Preferably it is 0.01% or less.
- the lower limit includes 0%, but since the detection limit of S is about 0.0001%, 0.0001% is a practical lower limit on practical steel sheets.
- the magnetic steel sheet of the present invention may contain one or more of the following elements in order to improve the properties of the magnetic steel sheet of the present invention.
- Cr 0.01 to 0.50% Cr is an element that is concentrated at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet to form a concentrated layer, and contributes to improving the film adhesion. If the content is less than 0.01%, the effect of improving the film adhesion cannot be sufficiently obtained, so the content of Cr is set to 0.01% or more. Preferably it is 0.03% or more, more preferably 0.05% or more.
- Cr when it exceeds 0.50%, Cr combines with Si and O, because it may inhibit the formation of SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer, Cr is 0.50% or less. Preferably it is 0.30% or less, more preferably 0.20% or less.
- Cu 0.01 to 0.50%
- Cu is an element that is concentrated at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet to form a concentrated layer, and contributes to improving the film adhesion. If the content is less than 0.01%, the effect of improving the film adhesion cannot be sufficiently obtained, so Cu is made 0.01% or more. Preferably it is 0.03% or more, more preferably 0.05% or more.
- Cu is set to 0.50% or less.
- it is 0.20% or less, more preferably 0.10% or less.
- Ca 0.001 to 0.05%
- Ca is an element that is concentrated at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet to form a concentrated layer, and contributes to improving the film adhesion. If it is less than 0.001%, the effect of improving the film adhesion cannot be sufficiently obtained, so that Ca is made 0.001% or more. Preferably it is 0.005% or more, more preferably 0.010 or more.
- the content of Ca is set to 0.05% or less.
- it is 0.04% or less, more preferably 0.03% or less.
- Sn 0.01 to 0.20%
- Sn is an element that does not concentrate at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet, but contributes to improving the film adhesion. Although the mechanism for improving the adhesion of the Sn film is not clear, the improvement of the steel sheet smoothness after the secondary recrystallization was investigated. Is considered to contribute to the formation of the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet, which has less irregularity defects.
- Sn is set to 0.01% or more.
- it is 0.02% or more, more preferably 0.03% or more.
- Sn is set to 0.20% or less.
- Sn is set to 0.20% or less.
- it is 0.15% or less, more preferably 0.10% or less.
- B 0.001 to 0.010%
- B like Al, Cr, Cu and Ca
- B is concentrated at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet to form a concentrated layer (the present inventors confirmed the concentrated layer by GDS).
- GDS the concentrated layer by GDS.
- B is made 0.001% or more.
- B is 0.002% or more, more preferably 0.003% or more.
- B is set to 0.010% or less. Preferably it is 0.008% or less, more preferably 0.006% or less.
- the balance of the component composition of the base steel sheet is Fe and impurities (inevitable impurities). However, it is necessary to improve the magnetic properties, improve the properties required for structural members such as strength, corrosion resistance, and fatigue properties, as well as the castability and passability.
- One or more of Hf, Ta, Pb, Y, La and the like may be contained in a total of 5.00% or less, preferably 3.00% or less, more preferably 1.00% or less.
- an intermediate oxide film layer (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as an SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer) that plays an important role in improving the film adhesion will be described.
- the electrical steel sheet of the present invention is manufactured by removing the glass film by grinding, pickling, or the like, or by intentionally preventing the formation of the glass film.
- the interface tension insulating film and the steel sheet has a SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer of the desired thickness.
- Average film thickness of SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer 1.0 nm or more and 1.0 ⁇ m or less If the average film thickness of SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer is less than 1.0 nm, sufficient film adhesion cannot be ensured. Therefore, the average thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer is set to 1.0 nm or more. It is preferably at least 5.0 nm, more preferably at least 9.0 nm.
- the average thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer 1. 0 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer is measured by observing the cross section of the sample with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) or a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- the oxide constituting the intermediate oxide film layer is “SiO 2 ” can be confirmed by elemental analysis by energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) accompanying TEM or SEM.
- EDS energy dispersion spectroscopy
- the chemical bond ratio of Si and O is not always 2, even if it is SiOx (x is an arbitrary number) as a result of analyzing the stoichiometric ratio, the characteristics of the electromagnetic steel sheet of the present invention are impaired. Not.
- the abscissa axis detects a Si-K ⁇ ray at a position of energy 1.8 ⁇ 0.3 kev, and at the same time, a position of 0.5 ⁇ 0.3 kev.
- the presence of “SiO 2 ” can be confirmed.
- Element identification can be performed using L ⁇ rays or K ⁇ rays in addition to K ⁇ rays.
- the EDS spectrum of Si may include a spectrum derived from Si in the steel sheet
- the cross section of the steel sheet is accurately analyzed by an electron beam microanalyzer (EPMA) to determine whether Si is derived from the steel sheet. , It is determined from the SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer.
- EPMA electron beam microanalyzer
- a SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer was measured with a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR), confirming that the peak derived from SiO 2 is present in the wave number 1250 cm -1 is, SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer It is preferable in identifying the compound constituting the layer.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer
- FT-IR is a method for selectively analyzing the compound on the outermost surface of a sample
- the analysis is performed on (a) a sample having no tension insulating film or (b) a tension insulating film on the steel sheet surface.
- the test is performed after the tension insulating film is completely removed by alkali washing or the like.
- the infrared spectroscopy it is reflection method and absorption method, absorption method, since the information and the steel plate internal information of the sample top surface is superposed, the compound constituting the SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer In order to identify, the reflection method is preferred.
- the wave number derived from the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer does not become 1250 cm ⁇ 1 , but peak-shifts according to the formation state of SiO 2 .
- simply controlling the average film thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer to be 1.0 nm or more and 1.0 ⁇ m or less does not sufficiently ensure film adhesion.
- the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet is an interface between a metal and an oxide, that is, an interface between different kinds of atoms, and an interface having weak interatomic interaction. Therefore, peeling often occurs from the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet.
- the concentration of Al concentrated at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet is such that the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer is exposed. It is possible to analyze the steel sheet surface in the state of being made by glow discharge emission spectrometry (GDS).
- GDS glow discharge emission spectrometry
- Al is concentrated at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet to form a concentrated layer. Therefore, the relationship between the depth position of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the depth position of the Al-concentrated layer is important.
- the location of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer can be analyzed from a GDS spectrum derived from Si (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “F Si (t)”).
- the obtained spectrum may be subjected to smoothing processing using peak analysis software or the like.
- the measurement time interval ⁇ t is preferably small, and is preferably 0.05 seconds or less.
- t is a time (second) corresponding to the depth position of the sample, and is a variable when the GDS spectrum is a function of time.
- t corresponding to the peak rising position is T s
- T p t corresponding to the peak apex position
- T f t corresponding to the peak end position
- the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer corresponds to the outermost surface of the measurement sample. That is, the GDS measurement start point may be defined as Ts, assuming that the t of the GDS spectrum measurement start point corresponds to the peak rising position.
- FIG. 1 shows a differential curve of a spectrum derived from Si obtained by glow discharge emission spectroscopy (GDS).
- T p corresponds to the peak apex position of the GDS spectrum derived from Si.
- F Si (t) is second-order differentiated with respect to time, and t t corresponding to the minimum value of the second-order differential curve (refer to “d 2 F (t) / dT 2 ” in FIG. 1).
- the n-th measurement point (time) is represented by t n
- the spectrum intensity at that time is represented by F (t n ).
- the integrated value of f M (t) inside the steel sheet is 0 or a value as close to 0 as possible.
- the metal element M (Al, Cr, Cu, Ca) can be detected by chemical analysis.
- the steel plate portion of the sample before forming the tension insulating film or after removing the tension insulating film is dissolved by the iodine methanol method to extract the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer.
- the extracted SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer is chemically analyzed using ICP or the like. Thereby, the metal element M contained in the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer can be captured.
- the metal element M (Al, Cr, Cu, Ca) may be present in the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer in a total of 0.05% to 2.00% in mass%. If it is less than 0.05%, the film adhesion will not be improved, so the total of the metal elements M is preferably 0.05% or more. More preferably, it is 0.10% or more.
- the total of the metal elements M is preferably 2.00% or less. It is more preferably at most 1.50%.
- a steel sheet sample in the state after forming a SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer on the steel sheet surface and before forming a tension insulating film is most suitable.
- a steel sheet sample on the surface of which a tensile insulating film is formed after washing with alkali, pickling or ultrasonic cleaning with alcohol, water, etc., completely remove only the tensile insulating film and use it for analysis. Just fine.
- annealing for 1 hour to 5 hours at 800 ° C. to 1100 ° C. in a 100% hydrogen atmosphere is performed for further surface cleaning. It may be performed and submitted for analysis. Since SiO 2 is a stable compound, and SiO 2 is reduced by the annealing, SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer will not be lost.
- the magnetic steel sheet of the present invention is prepared by hot rolling, hot rolling sheet annealing, cold rolling, primary recrystallization annealing, It is manufactured by performing a recrystallization annealing, an annealing for forming an SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer, and an annealing for forming an insulating film.
- Hot rolling may be direct hot rolling or continuous hot rolling, and the billet heating temperature is not limited.
- the cold rolling may be cold rolling or warm rolling two or more times, and the rolling reduction is not limited.
- the secondary recrystallization annealing may be either batch annealing in a box furnace or continuous line annealing, and does not depend on the annealing method.
- the annealing separator may be any one containing an oxide such as alumina, magnesia, or silica, and does not depend on its type.
- the metal element M Al, Cr, Cu, Ca
- the metal element M is SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer It is important to adopt heat treatment conditions that concentrate at the interface between the steel sheet and the steel sheet. That is, it is important to secure a time for Al, Cr, Cu, and Ca to concentrate at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet.
- the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer is formed by annealing the steel sheet after the second recrystallization at a temperature T1 (° C.) of 600 ° C. to 1200 ° C. for 5 to 1200 seconds.
- the annealing temperature is set to 600 ° C. or higher.
- the annealing temperature exceeds 1200 ° C., the formation reaction of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer becomes non-uniform, the unevenness between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the base steel plate becomes severe, and the film adhesion deteriorates.
- the annealing temperature is set to 1200 ° C. or less.
- the temperature is 700 to 1100 ° C., which is the deposition temperature of SiO 2 .
- the annealing time is set to 5 seconds or more in order to grow a SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and secure a layer thickness necessary for ensuring excellent film adhesion. Preferably, it is at least 20 seconds.
- the annealing time may be long from the viewpoint of ensuring excellent film adhesion, but the upper limit is 200 seconds from the viewpoint of productivity. Preferably it is 100 seconds or less.
- the annealing atmosphere is an annealing atmosphere that generates external oxidation type silica (SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer) and avoids generation of lower oxides such as firelite, wustite, and magnetite. Therefore, the oxygen partial pressure P H2O / P H2 , which is the ratio between the water vapor pressure and the hydrogen pressure in the annealing atmosphere, is set to the oxygen partial pressure satisfying the following expression (5). Preferably it is 0.05 or less. P H2O / P H2 ⁇ 0.15 (5)
- the oxygen partial pressure P H2O / P H2 is low, the external oxidation type silica (SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer) is easy to produce, but easy to exhibit the effect of the present invention, the oxygen partial pressure P H2O / P H2 5 Since it is difficult to control to less than 0.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4, about 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 is a practical lower limit industrially.
- the temperature range of T2 (° C.) or more and T1 (° C.) or less defined by the following equation (6), which is the segregation temperature range is set to 50 ° C. Cool at an average cooling rate of not more than / sec. This average cooling rate is called CR1 (° C./sec).
- the heating rate for heating the steel sheet during annealing is also important.
- Oxide other than SiO 2 may not only reduce the adhesion of the tension insulating film, inhibits the surface smoothness of the steel sheet, so lowering the iron loss characteristics, oxide other than SiO 2 does not produce as much as possible heating It is necessary to adopt speed.
- the temperature range for forming SiO 2 is 600 ° C. or higher and T 1 ° C. or lower. Therefore, in order to generate more SiO 2 , the average heating rate HR2 in this temperature range is set to 50 ° C./sec or less. However, if the heating rate is low, Fe 2 SiO 4 that is more thermally stable than SiO 2 is generated, so the average heating rate HR2 is set to 5 ° C./sec or more. Preferably, HR2 is between 10 and 40 ° C / sec, more preferably between 15 and 30 ° C / sec.
- Example 1 A silicon steel having a composition shown in Table 1-1 was soaked at 1100 ° C. for 60 minutes, and then subjected to hot rolling to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 2.6 mm.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet was annealed at 1100 ° C. After pickling, cold rolling was performed once, or cold rolling was performed a plurality of times with intermediate annealing, to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet having a final thickness of 0.23 mm.
- a cold rolled steel sheet having a final thickness of 0.23 mm was subjected to decarburizing annealing and nitriding annealing. Thereafter, a water slurry of an annealing separating agent mainly composed of alumina was applied, and finish annealing was performed at 1200 ° C. for 20 hours. Next, the finished annealed plate was subjected to an oxygen partial pressure P H2 O 2 / P H2 : 0.06, an annealing temperature T1: 1000 ° C., an annealing time: 30 seconds, and an average heating rate HR2: 30 ° C./600° C. to T1 ° C. Annealing was performed under the conditions of a second to form a SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer on the steel sheet surface.
- the average cooling rate CR1 in the temperature range from T2 ° C. (900 ° C.) to T1 ° C. (1000 ° C.) is set to 40 ° C./sec, and the average cooling rate CR2 from 100 ° C. to less than T2 ° C. (900 ° C.). Was set to 5 ° C./sec.
- Table 1-2 shows the chemical composition of the base steel sheet of the manufactured grain-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- the film adhesion of the insulating film was evaluated, and the magnetic properties (magnetic flux density) were evaluated.
- Magnetic properties were evaluated according to JIS C2550.
- the magnetic flux density was evaluated using B8.
- B8 is a magnetic flux density at a magnetic field strength of 800 A / m, which is a criterion for determining the quality of secondary recrystallization.
- B8 1.89 T or more was judged to be secondary recrystallized.
- the film thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the interface concentration element were examined.
- the thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer was identified by TEM observation according to the method described in Patent Document 10.
- the interface thickening element was investigated by GDS.
- the GDS measurement time was 100 seconds, and the time interval was 0.05 seconds.
- Table 2 shows a series of evaluation results. When the expression (1) was satisfied, the result was “OK”. When the expression (1) was not satisfied, the result was “NG”.
- B1 to B14 are examples of the invention and all show good film adhesion, but B1 has an S content outside the preferred range, B2 has an N content outside the preferred range, and B3 and B14 has a Mn content outside the preferred range. .
- the invention steels B10 and B11 have a Si content outside the preferred range, and the invention steels B12 and B13 have an acid-soluble Al content outside the preferred range.
- B4 does not contain the selected element, but all elements are controlled to a preferable range or a more preferable range. Therefore, the effect “F” of B1 to B3 and B10 to B14 is better than “G” for B4. Good film adhesion is obtained.
- B5 to B7 were also evaluated as "G” because they contained one or more of the selected elements Cr, Cu, Ca, Sn, and B.
- B8 and B9 contained five types of selected elements, namely, Cr, Cu, Ca, Sn, and B, so that the film adhesion was particularly good, and the evaluation was "VG".
- b1 to b8 are comparative examples.
- steel a3, steel a5, and steel a6 contained a large amount of Si, acid-soluble Al, and N, respectively, so that embrittlement at room temperature was remarkable, and cold rolling was impossible. . Therefore, all of b3, b5, and b6 did not reach the evaluation of film adhesion.
- the Si content was outside the range of the present invention, and for b7, the Mn content was outside the range of the present invention. Therefore, b2 and b7 did not undergo secondary recrystallization. In addition, all the samples which did not undergo secondary recrystallization had poor film adhesion. If secondary recrystallization was not performed, it is considered that the crystal grain size of the steel sheet was fine, the surface irregularities were severe, and the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer could not be appropriately grown. In the case of b1, the secondary recrystallization was not performed in the first place due to the excessive presence of C, and the evaluation was "B" because C inhibited the formation of the Al interface concentrated layer, which is advantageous for film adhesion.
- Example 2 A silicon steel having a composition shown in Table 1-1 was soaked at 1100 ° C. for 60 minutes, and then subjected to hot rolling to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 2.6 mm.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet was annealed at 1100 ° C. After pickling, cold rolling was performed once, or cold rolling was performed a plurality of times with intermediate annealing, to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet having a final thickness of 0.23 mm.
- a cold rolled steel sheet having a final sheet thickness of 0.23 mm was subjected to decarburizing annealing and nitriding annealing, and then applied with a water slurry of an annealing separating agent mainly composed of alumina, followed by finish annealing at 1200 ° C. for 20 hours.
- the finished annealed plate was subjected to an oxygen partial pressure P H2O / P H2 : 0.005, an annealing temperature: 800 ° C., an annealing time: 60 seconds, and an average heating rate HR2 in a temperature range from 600 ° C. to T1 ° C .: 20 ° C./second.
- the average cooling rate CR1 in the temperature range from T2 ° C. (900 ° C.) to 1100 ° C. is set to 20 ° C./sec, and the average cooling rate CR2 from 100 ° C. to less than T2 ° C. (900 ° C.) is set to 10 ° C./sec. Seconds.
- a coating liquid for forming an insulating film was applied to the surface of the steel sheet and baked to form a tensile insulating film.
- the adhesion of the insulating film was evaluated, and the magnetic properties (magnetic flux density) were evaluated.
- Table 3 shows the results of evaluation of the thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer, the concentration of interface-concentrating elements by GDS analysis, and the film adhesion.
- the measurement and evaluation were performed according to the measurement and evaluation of Example 1.
- the elements whose enrichment was confirmed by the GDS spectrum were described.
- the result was “OK”, and when the expressions were not satisfied, the result was “NG”.
- the chemical composition of the base steel sheet of the manufactured grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is as shown in Table 1-2.
- Invention steels C1 to C7 are invention examples.
- Invention steels C1 to C5 contain at least one of Cr, Ca, Cu, and Sn as a selective element. Therefore, in the invention steels C1 to C5, concentration (segregation) of at least one of Cr, Cu, Ca, and Sn was confirmed, and "G” having good film adhesion was obtained.
- Invention steels C6 and C7 contain selected elements Cr, Ca, Cu, Sn, B. Concentration of Cr, Cu, and Ca was confirmed, and “VG” was obtained, which is a better evaluation result of the coating adhesion than C1 to C5.
- Example 3 A silicon steel having a composition shown in Table 1-1 was soaked at 1100 ° C. for 60 minutes, and then subjected to hot rolling to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 2.6 mm.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet was annealed at 1100 ° C. After pickling, cold rolling was performed once, or cold rolling was performed a plurality of times with intermediate annealing, to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet having a final thickness of 0.23 mm.
- a cold rolled steel sheet having a final thickness of 0.23 mm was subjected to decarburizing annealing and nitriding annealing. Thereafter, a water slurry of an annealing separating agent mainly composed of alumina was applied, and finish annealing was performed at 1200 ° C. for 20 hours. Next, the finish annealed sheet was annealed under the conditions shown in Table 4-1 and Table 4-2 to form a SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer on the steel sheet surface. Thereafter, a coating liquid for forming an insulating film was applied to the surface of the steel sheet and baked to form a tensile insulating film. The film adhesion of the insulating film was evaluated, and the magnetic properties (magnetic flux density) were evaluated.
- the chemical composition of the base steel sheet of the manufactured grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is as shown in Table 1-2.
- Tables 4-1 and 4-2 show the results of evaluation of the thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer, the degree of concentration of the interface-concentrating element by GDS spectrum, and the film adhesion. The measurement and evaluation were performed according to the measurement and evaluation of Example 1. When the expression (1) was satisfied, the result was “OK”, and when the expression was not satisfied, the result was “NG”.
- D1 to D33 are invention examples.
- the annealing time for forming the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the average heating rate HR2 in the temperature range of 600 ° C. to T1 ° C. are out of the preferred ranges.
- the annealing time and HR2 for forming the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer were controlled to more preferable ranges.
- the evaluation of film adhesion was "G", which was a good result.
- the invention steels D16 to D18 are controlled such that the annealing temperature, the annealing time, and the oxygen partial pressure in forming the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer are all within preferable ranges, and the heating rate is increased.
- the heating rate was controlled to a more preferable range, so that the film adhesion was particularly good, and was "VG".
- the evaluation was "G" because the annealing temperature was out of the preferable range.
- Invention steels D23 to D33 contain the selected elements Cr, Ca, Cu, Sn, and B. Therefore, it exhibits better film adhesion than other invention steels D1 to D22.
- D23 to D26 had an annealing temperature outside the preferable range, but the evaluation was "VG", which was a particularly good evaluation result.
- the invention steels D30 to D33 had oxygen partial pressures outside the preferred range, the evaluation was "VG", which was particularly favorable.
- d1 to d9 are comparative examples.
- d1 ⁇ d3, d5 annealing temperature for forming the SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer, annealing time, and, for any of the oxygen partial pressure is outside the scope of the present invention, SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer was not formed, and the film adhesion could not be secured.
- the peaks derived from SiO 2 could not be observed by GDS, so that T p and T f could not be defined. Therefore, the column of “Surface GDS analytical formula (1) Al” in Table 4 is set to “ ⁇ ”.
- the formation of a glass film is intentionally suppressed or the glass film is removed by means such as grinding or pickling, and the surface of the steel sheet is flattened until it exhibits a mirror gloss.
- a tension insulating film having excellent film adhesion can be formed on the surface of the finished annealed grain-oriented electrical steel sheet without impairing the magnetic properties and its stability. Therefore, the present invention has high applicability in the magnetic steel sheet manufacturing industry and the magnetic steel sheet utilization industry.
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Abstract
Description
前記母材鋼板は、化学成分として、質量%で、C:0.01%以下、Si:2.50~4.00%、酸可溶性Al:0.0010~0.0100%、N:0.012%以下、Mn:1.00%以下、S:0.02%以下を含有し、残部がFe及び不純物からなる。
上記SiO2中間酸化膜層の金属元素M(M:Al)のグロー放電発光分析スペクトルの時間微分曲線fM(t)が、下記式(1)を満足する。
Tf:Siのグロー放電発光分析スペクトルの分析開始点をTsとして、2Tp-Tsに対応する時間t(秒)
前記酸化膜形成工程では、焼鈍温度T1:600~1200℃、焼鈍時間:5~1200秒、酸素分圧PH2O/PH2:0.15以下、600℃~T1℃の温度域の平均加熱速度HR2:5~50℃/秒の条件で焼鈍を行い、前記焼鈍後、T2℃~T1℃の温度域の平均冷却速度CR1を50℃/秒以下とし、100℃以上T2℃未満の温度域の平均冷却速度CR2をCR1未満とする。ここで、T2℃は、T1℃-100℃で表される温度を表す。
前記母材鋼板は、化学成分として、質量%で、
C:0.010%以下;
Si:2.50~4.00%;
酸可溶性Al:0.0010~0.0100%以下;
N:0.012%以下;
Mn:1.00%以下;
S:0.02%以下;
を含有し、残部がFe及び不純物からなり、前記中間酸化膜層の金属元素M(M:Al)のグロー放電発光分析スペクトルの時間微分曲線fM(t)が、下記式(1)を満足する。
Tf:Siのグロー放電発光分析スペクトルの分析開始点をTsとして、2Tp-Tsに対応する時間t(秒)
<成分組成>
まず、母材鋼板の成分組成の限定理由について説明する。以下、成分組成に係る%は、質量%を意味する。
Cが0.010%を超えると、CはSiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面のAlやほかの元素の濃化層形成を抑制する。このため、
Cは0.010%以下とする。鉄損特性の改善の観点から、0.008%以下が好ましい。
Siが2.50%未満であると、二次再結晶が十分に進行せず、良好な磁束密度と鉄損特性が得られないので、Siは2.50%以上とする。好ましくは2.75%以上、より好ましくは3.00%以上である。
本発明電磁鋼板において、酸可溶性Al(sol.Al)は、皮膜密着性の改善の観点から必須の元素である。即ち、酸可溶性Alは、SiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面に濃化して濃化層を形成し、皮膜密着性を顕著に向上させる元素である。
Nが0.012%を超えると、冷延時、鋼板中にブリスター(空孔)が生じるうえに、鋼板の強度が上昇し、製造時の通板性が悪化するので、Nは0.012%以下とする。好ましくは0.010%以下、より好ましくは0.009%以下である。
Mnが1.00%を超えると、二次再結晶焼鈍において鋼が相変態し、二次再結晶が十分に進行せず、良好な磁束密度と鉄損特性が得られないので、Mnは1.00%以下とする。好ましくは0.50%以下、より好ましくは0.20%以下である。
Sが0.02%を超えると、Cと同様に、SiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面のAlやほかの元素の濃化層形成を抑制する。このため、Sは0.02%以下とする。好ましくは0.01%以下である。
Crは、SiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面に濃化して濃化層を形成し、皮膜密着性の向上に寄与する元素である。0.01%未満では、皮膜密着性の向上効果が十分に得られないので、Crは0.01%以上とする。好ましくは0.03%以上、より好ましくは0.05%以上である。
Cuは、Al、Crと同様に、SiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面に濃化して濃化層を形成し、皮膜密着性の向上に寄与する元素である。0.01%未満では、皮膜密着性の向上効果が十分に得られないので、Cuは0.01%以上とする。好ましくは0.03%以上、より好ましくは0.05%以上である。
Caは、Al、Cr、Cuと同様に、SiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面に濃化して濃化層を形成し、皮膜密着性の向上に寄与する元素である。0.001%未満では、皮膜密着性の向上効果が十分に得られないので、Caは0.001%以上とする。好ましくは0.005%以上、より好ましくは0.010以上である。
Snは、SiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面に濃化しないが、皮膜密着性の向上に寄与する元素である。Snの皮膜密着性の向上機構は明らかでないが、二次再結晶後の鋼板平滑度を調査した結果、鋼板平滑度の向上が認められたので、Snは、鋼板表面の凹凸を低減して平滑化し、凹凸欠陥の少ない、SiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面の形成に寄与すると考えられる。
Bは、Al、Cr、Cu、Caと同様に、SiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面に濃化して濃化層を形成し(本発明者らは、濃化層をGDSで確認した)、皮膜密着性の向上に寄与する元素である。0.001%未満では、皮膜密着性の向上効果が十分に得られないので、Bは0.001%以上とする。好ましくは0.002%以上、より好ましくは0.003%以上である。
次に、皮膜密着性の向上に重要な役割を果たす中間酸化膜層(以下、SiO2中間酸化膜層と呼称する場合がある)について説明する。本発明電磁鋼板は、グラス皮膜を研削や酸洗等で除去したり、又は、グラス皮膜の生成を意図的に防止して製造する。張力絶縁皮膜の皮膜密着性を十分に確保するため、張力絶縁皮膜と鋼板の界面に、所要の膜厚のSiO2中間酸化膜層を有する。
SiO2中間酸化膜層の平均膜厚が1.0nm未満であると、皮膜密着性を十分に確保することができないので、SiO2中間酸化膜層の平均膜厚は1.0nm以上とする。好ましくは5.0nm以上、より好ましくは9.0nm以上である。
PH2O/PH2≦0.15 ・・・(5)
T2=T1-100 ・・・(6)
CR1>CR2 ・・・(7)
表1-1に示す成分組成の珪素鋼を1100℃で60分均熱した後、熱間圧延に供し、板厚2.6mmの熱延鋼板とし、該熱延鋼板に1100℃で焼鈍を施し、酸洗後、一回の冷間圧延又は中間焼鈍を挟む複数回の冷間圧延を施して、最終板厚0.23mmの冷延鋼板とした。
一方B4は、選択元素こそ含有していないものの、いずれの元素も好ましい範囲またはより好ましい範囲に制御されたため、B1~B3、B10~B14の効果「F」に対し、B4では「G」というより良好な皮膜密着性が得られている。B5~B7についても、選択元素であるCr,Cu,Ca,Sn,Bを1種以上含有するため評価は「G」であった。B8およびB9については、選択元素であるCr,Cu,Ca,Sn,Bを5種含むため、皮膜密着性はとりわけ良好であり、評価は「VG」となった。
一方、b1~b8は比較例である。b3、b5、b6は、鋼a3、鋼a5、鋼a6が、それぞれ、Si、酸可溶Al、Nを多量に含有するため、室温での脆化が著しく、冷延が不可能であった。それ故、b3、b5、b6はいずれも、皮膜密着性の評価に至らなかった。
表1-1に示す成分組成の珪素鋼を1100℃で60分均熱した後、熱間圧延に供し、板厚2.6mmの熱延鋼板とし、該熱延鋼板に1100℃で焼鈍を施し、酸洗後、一回の冷間圧延又は中間焼鈍を挟む複数回の冷間圧延を施して、最終板厚0.23mmの冷延鋼板とした。
なお、製造された方向性電磁鋼板の母材鋼板の化学成分は、表1-2に示した通りである。
表1-1に示す成分組成の珪素鋼を1100℃で60分均熱した後、熱間圧延に供し、板厚2.6mmの熱延鋼板とし、該熱延鋼板に1100℃で焼鈍を施し、酸洗後、一回の冷間圧延又は中間焼鈍を挟む複数回の冷間圧延を施して、最終板厚0.23mmの冷延鋼板とした。
なお、製造された方向性電磁鋼板の母材鋼板の化学成分は、表1-2に示した通りである。
発明鋼D12~D22については、発明鋼D16~D18は、SiO2中間酸化膜層を形成する際の焼鈍温度、焼鈍時間、及び、酸素分圧がいずれも好ましい範囲に制御され、かつ昇温速度がより好ましい範囲に制御されたため、皮膜密着性はとりわけ良好であり、「VG」であった。D12~D15は昇温速度が好ましい範囲に制御されていたものの、焼鈍温度が好ましい範囲を外れていたため、評価は「G」だった。また、D19~D22については、焼鈍温度および焼鈍時間が好ましい範囲に制御され、かつ昇温速度がより好ましい範囲に制御されていたものの、酸素分圧が好ましい範囲を外れていたため、評価は「G」だった。
発明鋼D23~D33は選択元素であるCr,Ca,Cu,Sn,Bを含有する。そのため、その他の発明鋼であるD1~D22に比べ、良好な皮膜密着性を示す。例えばD23~D26は焼鈍温度が好ましい範囲を外れているものの、評価は「VG」と、とりわけ良好な評価結果だった。また、発明鋼D30~D33は、酸素分圧が好ましい範囲を外れているものの、評価は「VG」と、とりわけ良好な評価結果だった。
d6ではHR2が上限超であり、d7ではHR2が下限未満であったため、SiO2以外の酸化物が多く形成された。そのため、皮膜密着性の評価はBとなった。
Claims (4)
- 母材鋼板と;
前記母材鋼板上に形成され、SiO2を含有し、平均膜厚が1.0nm~1.0μmである中間酸化膜層と;
前記中間酸化膜層上に形成された張力絶縁被膜と;
を備え、
前記母材鋼板は、化学成分として、質量%で、
C:0.010%以下;
Si:2.50~4.00%;
酸可溶性Al:0.0010~0.0100%;
N:0.012%以下;
Mn:1.00%以下;
S:0.02%以下;
を含有し、
残部がFe及び不純物からなり、
前記中間酸化膜層の金属元素M(M:Al)のグロー放電発光分析スペクトルの時間微分曲線fM(t)が、下記式(1)を満足する
ことを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板。
Tf:Siのグロー放電発光分析スペクトルの分析開始点をTsとして、2Tp-Tsに対応する時間t(秒) - 前記母材鋼板が、前記化学成分として、質量%で、
Sn:0.01~0.20%;
B:0.001~0.010%;
の一種又は二種を更に含有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の方向性電磁鋼板を製造する製造方法であって、
鋼板表面に中間酸化膜層を形成する酸化膜形成工程を有し、
前記酸化膜形成工程では、
焼鈍温度T1:600~1200℃、焼鈍時間:5~1200秒、酸素分圧PH2O/PH2:0.15以下、600℃~T1℃の温度域の平均加熱速度HR2:5~50℃/秒の条件で焼鈍を行い;
前記焼鈍後、T2℃~T1℃の温度域の平均冷却速度CR1を50℃/秒以下とし、100℃以上T2℃未満の温度域の平均冷却速度CR2をCR1未満とする
ことを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
ここで、T2℃は、T1℃-100℃で表される温度を表す。
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RU2763911C1 (ru) | 2022-01-11 |
JPWO2020012665A1 (ja) | 2021-08-19 |
BR112020026927B1 (pt) | 2023-10-24 |
CN112437817A (zh) | 2021-03-02 |
BR112020026927A2 (pt) | 2021-03-30 |
EP3822385A4 (en) | 2021-12-01 |
KR20210018934A (ko) | 2021-02-18 |
US20210272728A1 (en) | 2021-09-02 |
JP6958738B2 (ja) | 2021-11-02 |
EP3822385A1 (en) | 2021-05-19 |
CN112437817B (zh) | 2023-02-24 |
KR102476945B1 (ko) | 2022-12-14 |
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