WO2019240288A1 - 抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩 - Google Patents
抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019240288A1 WO2019240288A1 PCT/JP2019/023779 JP2019023779W WO2019240288A1 WO 2019240288 A1 WO2019240288 A1 WO 2019240288A1 JP 2019023779 W JP2019023779 W JP 2019023779W WO 2019240288 A1 WO2019240288 A1 WO 2019240288A1
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Images
Classifications
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- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
- A61K47/6889—Conjugates wherein the antibody being the modifying agent and wherein the linker, binder or spacer confers particular properties to the conjugates, e.g. peptidic enzyme-labile linkers or acid-labile linkers, providing for an acid-labile immuno conjugate wherein the drug may be released from its antibody conjugated part in an acidic, e.g. tumoural or environment
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- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
- A61K47/6801—Drug-antibody or immunoglobulin conjugates defined by the pharmacologically or therapeutically active agent
- A61K47/6803—Drugs conjugated to an antibody or immunoglobulin, e.g. cisplatin-antibody conjugates
- A61K47/68031—Drugs conjugated to an antibody or immunoglobulin, e.g. cisplatin-antibody conjugates the drug being an auristatin
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- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
- A61K47/6801—Drug-antibody or immunoglobulin conjugates defined by the pharmacologically or therapeutically active agent
- A61K47/6803—Drugs conjugated to an antibody or immunoglobulin, e.g. cisplatin-antibody conjugates
- A61K47/68033—Drugs conjugated to an antibody or immunoglobulin, e.g. cisplatin-antibody conjugates the drug being a maytansine
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- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
- A61K47/6835—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment the modifying agent being an antibody or an immunoglobulin bearing at least one antigen-binding site
- A61K47/6849—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment the modifying agent being an antibody or an immunoglobulin bearing at least one antigen-binding site the antibody targeting a receptor, a cell surface antigen or a cell surface determinant
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- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/06—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length using protecting groups or activating agents
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/107—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length by chemical modification of precursor peptides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/001—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof by chemical synthesis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K19/00—Hybrid peptides, i.e. peptides covalently bound to nucleic acids, or non-covalently bound protein-protein complexes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/04—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links
- C07K7/06—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 5 to 11 amino acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/04—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links
- C07K7/08—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 12 to 20 amino acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
- C07K2317/52—Constant or Fc region; Isotype
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an affinity substance for an antibody, a compound having a bioorthogonal functional group, or a salt thereof.
- ADC antibody-drug conjugates
- a drug eg, anticancer drug
- T-DM1 trade name: Kadsaila (registered trademark)
- ADCs including T-DM1 has been a problem from the beginning of development. That is, since a low molecular weight drug is reacted at random with about 70 to 80 Lys residues in the antibody, the drug antibody ratio (Drug / Antibody Ratio: DAR) and the conjugation position are not constant. In general, it is known that such a random conjugation method has a DAR in the range of 0 to 8, resulting in a plurality of drugs having different drug binding numbers. In recent years, it has been reported that pharmacokinetics, drug release rate, and effects change when the number and position of ADC drug binding are changed. For these reasons, in next-generation ADCs, it is required to control the number and position of drugs to be conjugated. If the number and the position are constant, it is considered that the problem of the expected efficiency, the variation of the conjugation drug, and the so-called regulation of the lot difference are solved (Non-patent Document 4).
- Antibody regioselective modification methods have been studied all over the world, but most of them are genetic engineering techniques or modification methods using enzymes. Regarding the genetic engineering modification method, although the position selectivity and the number selectivity can be controlled, problems such as reduction in the expression efficiency of the antibody itself (decrease in the total yield in preparing ADC) have been pointed out. In addition, it takes a long time to construct an antibody expression system, etc. (Non-Patent Documents 5 to 7).
- Non-Patent Documents 8 to 11 In recent years, methods for chemically modifying proteins in a complicated environment such as intracellular using a small molecule probe have been reported. This technique is used for receptor identification in imaging and repositioning of small molecule drugs. In the field of chemical biology, organic chemical protein modification methods using synthetic small molecule probes have attracted attention (Non-Patent Documents 8 to 11).
- CCAP Chemical Conjugation by Affinity Peptide
- This method is based on a method in which a peptide reagent in which an NHS-activated ester and a drug are linked to an affinity peptide (Affinity Peptide) is reacted with an antibody (that is, a method for producing an ADC through a linker containing a peptide moiety),
- an antibody that is, a method for producing an ADC through a linker containing a peptide moiety
- This method was the first in the world to succeed in regioselectively modifying an antibody Fc region with a drug by a chemical synthesis method, and also had good practical results [reaction time 30 minutes, yield 70%.
- the object of the present invention is to develop a technique that enables modification of antibodies, particularly, position-selective modification of antibodies.
- ALE a structural unit of ALE (where A is an affinity substance for an antibody, and L is a divalent group containing a predetermined leaving group). , E is a divalent group comprising (i) an electrophilic group linked to the leaving group and (ii) capable of reacting with a nucleophilic group in the antibody).
- the salt thereof is useful for regiospecific modification of antibodies.
- an affinity substance for an antibody represented by the formula (I) and a predetermined compound having a bioorthogonal functional group are useful for regiospecific modification of an antibody (eg, FIG. 1.
- a compound having an affinity substance for an antibody and a functional substance represented by the formula (IV) and a functional substance or a salt thereof are useful for regiospecific modification of an antibody (eg, Example) 13, 14).
- the present inventors further prepared an antibody (antibody-drug conjugate (ADC)) having a functional substance (eg, drug) regioselectively containing no peptide moiety as a linker by using such a compound.
- ADC antibody-drug conjugate
- the antibody Fc region can be regioselectively modified with a drug by a chemical synthesis method and without using a linker containing a peptide moiety.
- the present invention is as follows.
- A is an affinity substance for an antibody
- L is a divalent group containing a leaving group
- E is a divalent group comprising an electrophilic group (i) linked to the leaving group and (ii) capable of reacting with a nucleophilic group in the antibody
- B is a bioorthogonal functional group
- the leaving group has the ability to be cleaved from E by the reaction between the nucleophilic group and the electrophilic group.
- [3] The compound or salt thereof according to [2], wherein the peptide is a peptide having a binding ability to a constant region of a monoclonal antibody.
- [4] The compound of [2] or [3] or a salt thereof, wherein the peptide is a peptide having a binding ability to the Fc region of a monoclonal antibody.
- [5] The compound or a salt thereof according to [4], wherein the peptide is a peptide having a binding ability to an Fc region of IgG.
- [6] The compound according to any one of [2] to [5] or a salt thereof, wherein the peptide has 10 to 40 amino acid residues.
- the peptide is (A) the amino acid sequence of (a-1-1) FNMQQQRRFYEALHDPNNLNEEEQRNARIRSIRDD (SEQ ID NO: 11), or (A-1-2) In the amino acid sequence of FNMQCQRRFYEALHDPNNLEEQRNARIRSRDDC (SEQ ID NO: 12), Any one to three amino acid residues in the sequence may be the same or different and each is replaced by one amino acid residue selected from the group consisting of a lysine residue, an aspartic acid residue, and a glutamic acid residue Or (A-2-1) ⁇ -Ala-NMQQRRFYEALHDPNNLEEQRNARIRSIRDD (SEQ ID NO: 13) amino acid sequence, or In the amino acid sequence of (a-2-2) ⁇ -Ala-NMQCQRRFYEALHDPNNLEEQRNARIRSRDDC (SEQ ID NO: 14), Any one to three amino acid residues in the sequence may be the same or different and each is replaced by one amino acid residue
- the peptide is Formula 1-1: (X 0-3 ) a -C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-IIWC- (X 0-3 ) b (SEQ ID NO: 15)
- Formula 1-2 (X 0-3 ) a -C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-IVVC- (X 0-3 ) b
- Formula 1-3 (X 0-3 ) a -C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-VVWC (X 0-3 ) b
- Formula 1-4 (X 0-3 ) a -C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-AVVC
- Xaa1 ′, Xaa2 ′, Xaa3 ′, Xaa4 ′, Xaa5 ′, and Xaa6 ′ are the same as Xaa1, Xaa2, Xaa3, Xaa4, Xaa5, and Xaa6, respectively.
- the leaving group is (1) —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —C ⁇ C A group selected from the group consisting of —CH 2 —O—, —N (OR) —, —N (R) —, and —O—N (R) —, wherein R is a hydrogen atom or the number of carbon atoms 1) to 6), or (2) a heteroarylene compound or a salt thereof according to any one of [1] to [8].
- the nucleophilic group is NH 2 in a side chain of a lysine residue, OH in a side chain of a tyrosine residue, OH in a side chain of a serine residue, OH in a side chain of a threonine residue, and a cysteine residue
- the compound according to any one of [1] to [10], wherein the electrophilic group is a group selected from the group consisting of —C ( ⁇ O) —, —SO 2 —, and —CH 2 — Its salt.
- the bioorthogonal functional group is an azide residue, aldehyde residue, thiol residue, alkyne residue, alkene residue, halogen residue, tetrazine residue, nitrone residue, hydroxylamine residue, nitrile residue.
- bioorthogonal functional group is a group selected from the group consisting of an azide residue, a thiol residue, an alkyne residue, a maleimide residue, and a disulfide residue. Or a salt thereof.
- the compound represented by the formula (I) is represented by the following formula (I-1): AL 1 -L 2 -E 1 -E 2 -E 3 -B (I-1) [Where, A and B are the same as those of formula (I), L 1 is a bond or a divalent group; L 2 is a leaving group, E 1 is (i) an electrophilic group that is linked to the leaving group and (ii) has the ability to react with a nucleophilic group in the antibody; E 2 is (a) -X—Y— [where X is bonded to E 1 is C (R 1 ) (R 2 ) (where R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom Or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), N (R 3 ) (wherein R 3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), O, S, or Se.
- Y bound to E 3 is C (R 4 ) (R 5 ) (wherein R 4 and R 5 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms). is there. Or (b) the following formula (i): (Herein, ring Z is a divalent ring group in which all of the ring-constituting atoms X ′ bound to E 1 and both adjacent ring-constituting atoms are carbon atoms, or the ring-constituting atoms bound to E 1. Is a divalent heterocyclic group in which X ′ is a nitrogen atom, and the ring-constituting atoms on both sides of the nitrogen atom are carbon atoms.
- E 3 is a divalent group when E 2 is —X—Y—, and is a bond or a divalent group when E 2 is a group represented by formula (i),
- the leaving group has the ability to be cleaved from E 1 by the reaction between the nucleophilic group and the electrophilic group. Any one of [1] to [13] or a salt thereof.
- the L 2 is (A) Ring PQ- [wherein ring P is an arylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, a heteroarylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, or a condensed ring.
- 2,5-diketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2,6-diketopiperidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopiperidine, 2-pyridone Q is a group selected from the group consisting of: —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —C ⁇ A group selected from the group consisting of C—CH 2 —O—, —N (OR) —, —N (R) —, and —O—N (R) — (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom) 1 to 6 alkyl).
- [16] The compound of [14] or [15] or a salt thereof, wherein L 2 is a group selected from the group consisting of the following structural formulas: (Here, EWG is an electron withdrawing group, m is an integer from 0 to 4, n is an integer from 0 to 3, R is a hydrogen atom or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; ⁇ (open circles) is a bond to the L 1, ⁇ (black circle) is a bond to the E 1. ). [17] The compound or a salt thereof according to any one of [1] to [16], wherein the main chain of L or L 1 -L 2 linking A and E consists of 20 or less atoms.
- the compound represented by the formula (I-1) is represented by the following formula (I-2): AL 1 -L 2 -E 1 -XYE 3 -B (I-2) [Where, A, L 1 , X, Y, and B are the same as those in the formula (I-1), L 2 is (A) Ring PQ- [wherein ring P is an arylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, a heteroarylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, or a condensed ring.
- 2,5-diketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2,6-diketopiperidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopiperidine, 2-pyridone Q is a group selected from the group consisting of: —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —C ⁇ A group selected from the group consisting of C—CH 2 —O—, —N (OR) —, —N (R) —, and —O—N (R) — (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom) 1 to 6 alkyl).
- the compound represented by the formula (I-1) is represented by the following formula (I-3): [Where, A, L 1 , rings Z, and B are the same as those in formula (I-1), L 2 is (A) Ring PQ- [wherein ring P is an arylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, a heteroarylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, or a condensed ring.
- 2,5-diketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2,6-diketopiperidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopiperidine, 2-pyridone Q is a group selected from the group consisting of: —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —C ⁇ A group selected from the group consisting of C—CH 2 —O—, —N (OR) —, —N (R) —, and —O—N (R) — (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom) 1 to 6 alkyl).
- A is an affinity substance for an antibody
- L is a divalent group containing a leaving group
- E is a divalent group comprising an electrophilic group (i) linked to the leaving group and (ii) capable of reacting with a nucleophilic group in the antibody
- B is a bioorthogonal functional group
- the leaving group has the ability to be cleaved from E by the reaction between the nucleophilic group and the electrophilic group.
- a regioselective modification reagent for an antibody with a bioorthogonal functional group comprising an affinity substance for the antibody and a compound having a bioorthogonal functional group or a salt thereof.
- a method for producing an antibody having a biological orthogonal functional group or a salt thereof The following formula (I): ALBE (I) [Where, A is an affinity substance for an antibody, L is a divalent group containing a leaving group, E is a divalent group comprising an electrophilic group (i) linked to the leaving group and (ii) capable of reacting with a nucleophilic group in the antibody; B is a bioorthogonal functional group, The leaving group has the ability to be cleaved from E by the reaction between the nucleophilic group and the electrophilic group.
- a method for producing an antibody having a functional substance or a salt thereof (1) The following formula (I): ALBE (I) [Where, A is an affinity substance for an antibody, L is a divalent group containing a leaving group, E is a divalent group comprising an electrophilic group (i) linked to the leaving group and (ii) capable of reacting with a nucleophilic group in the antibody; B is a bioorthogonal functional group, The leaving group has the ability to be cleaved from E by the reaction between the nucleophilic group and the electrophilic group.
- Y bound to E 3 is C (R 4 ) (R 5 ) (wherein R 4 and R 5 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms). is there. Or (b) the following formula (i): (Herein, ring Z is a divalent ring group in which all of the ring-constituting atoms X ′ bound to E 1 and both adjacent ring-constituting atoms are carbon atoms, or the ring-constituting atoms bound to E 1. Is a divalent heterocyclic group in which X ′ is a nitrogen atom, and the ring-constituting atoms on both sides of the nitrogen atom are carbon atoms.
- E 3 is a divalent group when E 2 is —X—Y—, and is a bond or a divalent group when E 2 is a group represented by formula (i), B is a bioorthogonal functional group.
- the antibody or its salt which has a bioorthogonal functional group represented by regioselectivity.
- the antibody or salt thereof according to [23] wherein the antibody is an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group only in the constant region of a monoclonal antibody.
- the antibody is a human IgG having a bioorthogonal functional group position-selectively in a region consisting of amino acid residues at positions 246 to 248 or 288 to 290 in the human IgG Fc region.
- the antibody or salt thereof according to any of [25].
- the antibody represented by the formula (II-1) is represented by the following formula (II-2): Ab-E 1 -XYE 3 -B (II-2) [Where, Ab, X, Y, and B are the same as those in the formula (II-1), E 1 is a group selected from the group consisting of —C ( ⁇ O) —, —SO 2 —, and —CH 2 —; E 3 is a divalent group.
- the antibody or a salt thereof according to any one of [23] to [26], which is a regioselective antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group represented by: [28]
- the antibody represented by the formula (II-1) is represented by the following formula (II-3): [Where, Ab, ring-constituting atom X ′, ring Z, and B are the same as those in formula (II-1), E 1 is a group selected from the group consisting of —C ( ⁇ O) —, —SO 2 —, and —CH 2 —; E 3 is a bond or a divalent group.
- the antibody or a salt thereof according to any one of [23] to [26], which is a regioselective antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group represented by: [29]
- Y bound to E 3 is C (R 4 ) (R 5 ) (wherein R 4 and R 5 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms). is there. Or (b) the following formula (i): (Herein, ring Z is a divalent ring group in which all of the ring-constituting atoms X ′ bound to E 1 and both adjacent ring-constituting atoms are carbon atoms, or the ring-constituting atoms bound to E 1. Is a divalent heterocyclic group in which X ′ is a nitrogen atom, and the ring-constituting atoms on both sides of the nitrogen atom are carbon atoms.
- E 3 is a divalent group when E 2 is —X—Y—, and is a bond or a divalent group when E 2 is a group represented by formula (i)
- B ′ is a divalent group containing a moiety generated by a reaction between a functional substance and a bioorthogonal functional group
- F is a functional substance.
- the antibody of [29] or a salt thereof, wherein the antibody is an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group only in the constant region of a monoclonal antibody.
- the antibody represented by the formula (III-1) is represented by the following formula (III-2): Ab-E 1 -XYE 3 -B′-F (III-2) [Where, Ab, X, Y, B ′ and F are the same as those in the formula (III-1), E 1 is a group selected from the group consisting of —C ( ⁇ O) —, —SO 2 —, and —CH 2 —; E 3 is represented by a is] divalent group is an antibody having a functional substance on the regioselective, any of the antibodies or a salt thereof [29] - [32].
- the antibody represented by the formula (III-1) is represented by the following formula (III-3): [Where, Ab, ring-constituting atom X ′, ring Z, B ′ and F are the same as those in formula (III-1), E 1 is a group selected from the group consisting of —C ( ⁇ O) —, —SO 2 —, and —CH 2 —; E 3 is a bond or a divalent group.
- the antibody or salt thereof according to any one of [29] to [32], which is a regioselective antibody having a functional substance represented by [35]
- the compound or its salt which has an affinity substance with respect to an antibody represented by these, and a functional substance.
- A is an affinity substance for an antibody
- L is a divalent group containing a leaving group
- E is a divalent group comprising an electrophilic group (i) linked to the leaving group and (ii) capable of reacting with a nucleophilic group in the antibody
- F is a functional substance
- the leaving group has the ability to be cleaved from E by the reaction between the nucleophilic group and the electrophilic group.
- a regioselective modification reagent for an antibody with a functional substance comprising a compound having an affinity substance for an antibody and a functional substance or a salt thereof, represented by: [37]
- a compound having an affinity substance for an antibody and a functional substance or a salt thereof represented by the following: Formula (III) below: Ab-EF (III) [Where, Ab is an antibody; E and F are the same as those in the formula (IV). And a salt thereof having a functional substance, or a salt thereof.
- the compound of the present invention having an affinity substance for an antibody and a bioorthogonal functional group or functional substance or a salt thereof is useful for, for example, regioselective modification of an antibody.
- the antibody of the present invention or a salt thereof having a bioorthogonal functional group regioselectively is useful, for example, as an intermediate in the preparation of an antibody or a salt thereof regioselectively having a functional substance.
- the antibody of the present invention or a salt thereof having a functional substance regioselectively is useful, for example, as a medicine or a reagent (eg, diagnostic agent, research reagent).
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the analysis results by SDS-PAGE in the synthesis of IgG antibody trastuzumab-peptide complex.
- Lanes 1, 3, 6, 8 molecular weight markers;
- Lane 2 unreacted IgG antibody trastuzumab (control, band around 50,000 molecular weight indicates heavy chain; band near molecular weight 25,000 indicates light chain);
- lane 4 Complex of IgG antibody trastuzumab and compound 10 (band above molecular weight around 50,000 indicates that compound 10 was conjugated to heavy chain of trastuzumab.
- Lane 5 complex of IgG antibody trastuzumab and compound 11 (band above molecular weight around 50,000 is complex to trastuzumab heavy chain compound 11) (A band below a molecular weight of about 50,000 indicates an unreacted heavy chain, and a band near a molecular weight of 25,000 indicates an unreacted light chain); 7: Reaction mixture after conjugation with IgG antibody trastuzumab and compound 12 (band with molecular weight around 50,000 shows unreacted heavy chain, band with molecular weight around 25,000 shows unreacted light chain. Compound 12 There is no conjugated band).
- FIG. 1 complex of IgG antibody trastuzumab and compound 11 (band above molecular weight around 50,000 is complex to trastuzumab heavy chain compound 11) (A band below a molecular weight of about 50,000 indicates an unreacted heavy chain, and a band near a molecular weight of 25,000 indicates an unreacted light chain); 7: Reaction mixture after conjugation with IgG antibody trastu
- FIG. 3 shows the results of SDS-PAGE analysis of a trastuzumab-peptide complex synthesized by introducing maleimide site-specifically into IgG antibody trastuzumab and then conjugating it with a peptide reagent having a thiol.
- Lanes 1, 9 molecular weight markers.
- Lane 2 Complex obtained by treating IgG antibody trastuzumab with compound 22 (10 molar equivalents relative to antibody), introducing maleimide regioselectively, and then conjugating compound 25. The upper band around the molecular weight of 50,000 indicates that maleimide was introduced into the heavy chain of trastuzumab and was conjugated with compound 25.
- Lane 3 Complex obtained by treating IgG antibody trastuzumab with compound 22 (20 molar equivalents relative to antibody), introducing maleimide regioselectively, and then conjugating compound 25.
- the upper band around the molecular weight of 50,000 indicates that maleimide was introduced into the heavy chain of trastuzumab and was conjugated with compound 25.
- a band below a molecular weight of about 50,000 indicates an unreacted heavy chain, and a band near a molecular weight of 25,000 indicates an unreacted light chain.
- Lane 4 Complex obtained by treating IgG antibody trastuzumab with compound 22 (40 molar equivalents relative to antibody), introducing maleimide regioselectively, and then conjugating compound 25.
- the upper band around the molecular weight of 50,000 indicates that maleimide was introduced into the heavy chain of trastuzumab and was conjugated with compound 25.
- a band below a molecular weight of about 50,000 indicates an unreacted heavy chain, and a band near a molecular weight of 25,000 indicates an unreacted light chain.
- Lane 5 Complex obtained by treating IgG antibody trastuzumab with compound 23 (10 molar equivalents relative to antibody), introducing maleimide regioselectively, and then conjugating compound 25.
- the upper band around the molecular weight of 50,000 indicates that maleimide was introduced into the heavy chain of trastuzumab and was conjugated with compound 25.
- a band below a molecular weight of about 50,000 indicates an unreacted heavy chain, and a band near a molecular weight of 25,000 indicates an unreacted light chain.
- Lane 6 Complex obtained by treating IgG antibody trastuzumab with compound 23 (20 molar equivalents relative to antibody), introducing maleimide regioselectively, and then conjugating compound 25.
- the upper band around the molecular weight of 50,000 indicates that maleimide was introduced into the heavy chain of trastuzumab and was conjugated with compound 25.
- Lane 7 Complex obtained by treating IgG antibody trastuzumab with compound 23 (40 molar equivalents relative to antibody), introducing maleimide regioselectively, and then conjugating compound 25.
- the upper band around the molecular weight of 50,000 indicates that maleimide was introduced into the heavy chain of trastuzumab and was conjugated with compound 25.
- a band below a molecular weight of about 50,000 indicates an unreacted heavy chain, and a band near a molecular weight of 25,000 indicates an unreacted light chain.
- Lanes 8 and 10 Unreacted IgG antibody trastuzumab (control, band around 50,000 molecular weight indicates heavy chain and band near molecular weight 25,000 indicates light chain)
- Lane 11 IgG antibody trastuzumab as compound 24 (antibody The reaction mixture was treated with 10 molar equivalents) followed by addition of compound 25. A band with a molecular weight of about 50,000 indicates an unreacted heavy chain, and a band with a molecular weight of about 25,000 indicates an unreacted light chain.
- Lane 12 Reaction mixture in which IgG antibody trastuzumab was treated with compound 24 (20 molar equivalents relative to antibody) and then compound 25 was added.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions of a modified trastuzumab-maleimide synthesized in (4-5-1).
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions of the trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 1) synthesized in (6-1-1).
- the lower row shows the unreacted trastuzumab measured, and the upper row shows the modified form.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions of a trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 3) synthesized in (6-1-2).
- the lower row shows the unreacted trastuzumab measured, and the upper row shows the modified form.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions of the trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 1) synthesized in (6-1-1).
- the lower row shows the unreacted trastuzumab measured, and the upper row shows the modified form.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions of a trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 6) synthesized in (6-1-3). The upper row shows the unreacted trastuzumab measured, and the lower row shows the modified product.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions of a trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 8) synthesized in (6-1-3). The upper row shows the unreacted trastuzumab measured, and the lower row shows the modified product.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions of a trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 8) synthesized in (6-1-3). The upper row shows the unreacted trastuzumab measured, and the lower row shows the modified product.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions of a trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 10) synthesized in (6-1-3). The upper row shows the unreacted trastuzumab measured, and the lower row shows the modified product.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions of the adalimumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 28) synthesized in (6-1-4). The upper row shows the measured unreacted adalimumab, and the lower row shows the modified form.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions of the adalimumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 28) synthesized in (6-1-4). The upper row shows the measured unreacted adalimumab, and the lower row shows the modified form.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing ESI
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under the post-reduction conditions of the denosumab-azide modified antibody (azide modified antibody 29) synthesized in (6-1-4). The upper row shows the unreacted denosumab, and the lower row shows the modified form.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under the post-reduction conditions of the dupilumab-azide modified antibody (azide modified antibody 30) synthesized in (6-1-4). The upper row shows the measured unreacted dupilumab, and the lower row shows the modified form.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under the post-reduction conditions of the dupilumab-azide modified antibody (azide modified antibody 30) synthesized in (6-1-4). The upper row shows the measured unreacted dupilumab, and the lower row shows the modified form.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under conditions after reduction of the rituximab-azide modified antibody (azide modified antibody 31) synthesized in (6-1-4). The lower row shows the measured unreacted rituximab, and the upper row shows the modified form.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions of the trastuzumab-protected thiol modified product synthesized in (8-1-1). The upper row shows the unreacted trastuzumab measured, and the lower row shows the modified product.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions of a trastuzumab-thiol modified product deprotected with (8-3-1).
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions of the modified trastuzumab-azide synthesized in (9-1-1).
- the upper row shows the unreacted trastuzumab measured, and the lower row shows the modified product.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions of the trastuzumab-azide modified product synthesized in (9-1-5).
- the upper row shows the unreacted trastuzumab measured, and the lower row shows the modified product.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions for the modified trastuzumab-azide synthesized in (9-2-2).
- the upper row shows the unreacted trastuzumab measured, and the lower row shows the modified product.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an ESI-TOFMS of the trastuzumab-Cy3 complex synthesized in (10-1-1).
- the lower row shows the unreacted trastuzumab measured, the middle row shows the measured trastuzumab-azide modified compound synthesized in (6-1-1), and the upper row shows the trastuzumab-Cy3 complex.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under post-reduction conditions for the modified trastuzumab-azide synthesized in (9-2-2).
- the upper row shows the unreacted trastuzumab measured, and the lower row shows the modified product.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an ES
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under the reduction conditions of trastuzumab-Cy3 complex treated with (10-1-2).
- the lower row shows the unreacted trastuzumab measured
- the middle row shows the measured trastuzumab-azide modified compound synthesized in (6-1-1)
- the upper row shows the trastuzumab-Cy3 complex.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an ESI-TOFMS of the trastuzumab-peptide complex synthesized in (10-2-2).
- the lower row shows the unreacted trastuzumab measured
- the middle row shows the measured trastuzumab-azide modified compound synthesized in (6-1-1)
- the upper row shows the trastuzumab-Cy3 complex.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under the reduction conditions of trastuzumab-Cy3 complex treated with (10-2-3).
- the lower row shows unreacted trastuzumab
- the middle row shows the measured trastuzumab-azide modification synthesized in (6-1-1)
- the upper row shows the trastuzumab-peptide complex.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under the reducing conditions of the trastuzumab-maleimide compound complex treated with (10-3-1).
- the upper row shows the thiol introduced body of trastuzumab and the lower row shows the trastuzumab-maleimide compound complex.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing ESI-TOFMS under the reduction conditions of the reaction product treated with (10-3-2).
- the upper row shows the thiol introduced body of trastuzumab and the lower row shows the trastuzumab-maleimide compound complex.
- FIG. 25 shows (1) the amino acid sequence of the heavy chain of trastuzumab (SEQ ID NO: 2) and (2) the amino acid sequence of the light chain of trastuzumab (SEQ ID NO: 4).
- 26 shows the amino acid sequence of the heavy chain of denosumab (SEQ ID NO: 104) and the amino acid sequence of the light chain of denosumab (SEQ ID NO: 105).
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing (1) the amino acid sequence of the heavy chain of dupilumab (SEQ ID NO: 106), and (2) the amino acid sequence of the light chain of dupilumab (SEQ ID NO: 107).
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- SEQ ID NO: 11 an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTTKPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 31 shows a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of FNWYVGDGEVHNAKTTKPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab (amine benzoic acid introducer (+1199.037 Da)). It is.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of mercaptopropionic acid-added maleimide-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 12 shows a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of FNWYVGDGEVHNAKTTKPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-
- FIG. 33 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLPPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of maleimide MPA-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a site for modification to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of alkylazide-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a site for modification to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of alkylazide-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLPPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a site for modification to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of alkylazide-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of VVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYK (SEQ ID NO: 101) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 37 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of VVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYK (SEQ ID NO: 101) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 38 is a diagram showing an analysis result by BioPharmaca Finder that a lysine residue at position 317 of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab is highly selectively modified.
- FIG. 39 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTTKPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 40 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTTKPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 40 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTTKPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 41 is a diagram showing an analysis result by BioPharmaca Finder that a lysine residue at position 288 or position 290 of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab is highly selectively modified.
- FIG. 42 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- SEQ ID NO: 11 an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR
- FIG. 43 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 44 is a diagram showing an analysis result by BioPharmaca Finder that a lysine residue at positions 246 or 248 of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab is highly selectively modified.
- FIG. 45 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a site modified to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of acetylthiol-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 46 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a site for modification to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of acetylthiol-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a site modified to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of acetylthiol-modified trast
- FIG. 47 is a diagram showing an analysis result by BioPharmaca Finder that a lysine residue at position 246 or 248 of acetylthiol-modified trastuzumab is highly selectively modified.
- FIG. 48 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- SEQ ID NO: 11 an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR
- FIG. 49 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 50 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTTKPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTTKPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 51 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTTKPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 52 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of acetylthiol and azidobenzoic acid modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTTKPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of azidobenzoic acid-modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 53 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 11) containing a site for modification to lysine residues by trypsin digestion of acetylthiol and azidobenzoic acid modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 54 shows the MS spectrum of the peptide fragment of FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTTKPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) containing the site of modification to lysine residues by trypsin digestion of acetylthiol and azidobenzoic acid modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 12 shows the MS spectrum of the peptide fragment of FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTTKPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) containing the site of modification to lysine residues by trypsin digestion of acetylthiol and azidobenzoic acid modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 55 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTTKPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of acetylthiol and azidobenzoic acid modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 56 is a diagram showing an analysis result by BioPharmaca Finder that lysine residues at positions 246 or 248 and 288 or 290 of acetylthiol and azidobenzoic acid modified trastuzumab are highly selectively modified.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTTKPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of acetylthiol and azidobenzoic acid modified trastuzumab.
- FIG. 57 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of CCVECPPCPAPPPVAGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 102) containing a site for modification to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of benzoic acid-modified denosumab.
- FIG. 58 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of CCVECPPCPAPPPVAGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 102) containing a site for modification to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of benzoic acid-modified denosumab.
- FIG. 102 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of CCVECPPCPAPPPVAGPSVFLFPPKPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 102) containing a site for modification to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of benzoic acid-modified denosumab.
- FIG. 60 is a diagram showing an analysis result by BioPharmaca Finder that a lysine residue at position 247 or 249 of benzoic acid-modified denosumab is highly selectively modified.
- FIG. 60 is a diagram showing an MS spectrum of a peptide fragment of YGPPPCPPCPAPEFLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 103) containing a modification site to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of benzoic acid-modified dupilumab.
- SEQ ID NO: 103 SEQ ID NO: 103
- FIG. 61 is a diagram showing a CID spectrum of a peptide fragment of YGPPPCPPCPAPEFLGGPSVFLPPPKPKDTLMISR (SEQ ID NO: 103) containing a site for modification to a lysine residue by trypsin digestion of benzoic acid-modified dupilumab.
- FIG. 62 is a diagram showing an analysis result by BioPharmaca Finder that a lysine residue at position 251 or 253 of benzoic acid-modified dupilumab is highly selectively modified.
- FIG. 63 shows the analysis results of trastuzumab-DM1 conjugate synthesized in (12-1-1) by ESI-TOFMS (under non-reducing conditions).
- FIG. 64 shows the analysis results of trastuzumab-DM1 conjugate synthesized in (12-1-1) by ESI-TOFMS (under reducing conditions).
- FIG. 65 shows the analysis results of the trastuzumab-MMAE conjugate synthesized in (12-2-1) by ESI-TOFMS (under non-reducing conditions).
- FIG. 66 shows the analysis results of the trastuzumab-MMAE conjugate synthesized in (12-2-1) by ESI-TOFMS (under reducing conditions).
- FIG. 67 shows the results of analysis of the rituximab-DM1 conjugate synthesized in (12-3-1) by ESI-TOFMS (under non-reducing conditions).
- FIG. 68 shows the analysis results of rituximab-DM1 conjugate synthesized in (12-3-1) by ESI-TOFMS (under reducing conditions).
- FIG. 69 shows the analysis results of rituximab-DM1 conjugate synthesized in (12-4-1) by ESI-TOFMS (under non-reducing conditions).
- FIG. 70 is a diagram showing an analysis result of the rituximab-DM1 conjugate synthesized in (12-4-1) by ESI-TOFMS (under reducing conditions).
- 71 shows (1) the Fc region in the heavy chain of trastuzumab and the consensus amino acid sequence of the IgG1 Fc region (SEQ ID NO: 1), and (2) the amino acid sequence of the IgG1 Fc region (SEQ ID NO: 3). .
- a substance having affinity for an antibody and a compound having a bioorthogonal functional group or a salt thereof 1-1.
- the present invention provides an affinity substance for an antibody represented by formula (I), and a compound having a bioorthogonal functional group or a salt thereof.
- ALBE (I) [Where, A is an affinity substance for an antibody, L is a divalent group containing a leaving group, E is a divalent group comprising an electrophilic group (i) linked to the leaving group and (ii) capable of reacting with a nucleophilic group in the antibody; B is a bioorthogonal functional group, The leaving group has the ability to be cleaved from E by the reaction between the nucleophilic group and the electrophilic group. ]
- the affinity substance (A) for the antibody is one structural unit having LE-B or a plurality of (for example, 2 to 5, preferably 2) having LE-B. May have up to 4 (more preferably 2 or 3) structural units (same or different).
- the affinity substance (A) or antibody (Ab) for the antibody indicates that the specific structural unit (structural unit excluding A or Ab) in the formula contains a covalent bond. Therefore, also in other formulas, the affinity substance (A) or antibody (Ab) for an antibody is one specific structural unit or a plurality (for example, 2 to 5, preferably 2 to 4, more preferably 2 Or 3) specific structural units (same or different).
- Affinity substance for antibody In the formula (I), A is an affinity substance for the antibody.
- An affinity substance for an antibody is a substance that has a non-covalent binding ability to an antibody.
- the affinity substance used in the present invention targets an antibody.
- the antibody may be an antibody modified with a biomolecule (eg, sugar) or an antibody unmodified with a biomolecule.
- a biomolecule eg, sugar
- an antibody against a biological component or a virus-derived component is preferable.
- the biological component include components (eg, proteins) derived from animals such as mammals and birds (eg, chickens), insects, microorganisms, plants, fungi, and fishes.
- the biological component is a component derived from a mammal.
- Mammals include, for example, primates (eg, humans, monkeys, chimpanzees), rodents (eg, mice, rats, guinea pigs, hamsters, rabbits), pets (eg, dogs, cats), livestock (eg, Cattle, pigs, goats) and working animals (eg, horses, sheep).
- the biological component is more preferably a primate or rodent component (eg, protein), and even more preferably, from the viewpoint of clinical application of the present invention, a human component (eg, protein). is there.
- virus-derived components include components (eg, proteins) derived from influenza viruses (eg, avian influenza virus, swine influenza virus), AIDS virus, Ebola virus, and phage virus.
- the antibody is also a polyclonal antibody or a monoclonal antibody, preferably a monoclonal antibody.
- Monoclonal antibodies include, for example, chimeric antibodies, humanized antibodies, human antibodies, and antibodies with a predetermined sugar chain added (eg, modified to have a sugar chain binding consensus sequence such as an N-type sugar chain binding consensus sequence).
- Antibody bispecific antibody, scFv antibody, Fab antibody, F (ab ′) 2 antibody, VHH antibody, Fc region protein, and Fc fusion protein.
- the antibody may also be a divalent antibody (eg, IgG, IgD, IgE), or a tetravalent or higher antibody (eg, IgA antibody, IgM antibody).
- the antibody that is the target of the affinity substance may also be composed of any amino acid residue, but is preferably composed of 20 natural L- ⁇ -amino acid residues that normally constitute proteins.
- amino acid residues include L-alanine (A), L-asparagine (N), L-cysteine (C), L-glutamine (Q), L-isoleucine (I), L-leucine ( L), L-methionine (M), L-phenylalanine (F), L-proline (P), L-serine (S), L-threonine (T), L-tryptophan (W), L-tyrosine (Y ), L-valine (V), L-aspartic acid (D), L-glutamic acid (E), L-arginine (R), L-histidine (H), or L-lysine (K), and glycine (G (Hereinafter, the notation of L is omitted).
- the antibody may be composed of, for example, 100 or more, preferably 120 or more, more preferably 150 or more, still more preferably 180 or more, particularly preferably 200 or more amino acid residues.
- the antibody may also be, for example, 1000 or less, preferably 900 or less, more preferably 800 or less, even more preferably 700 or less, and particularly preferably 600 or less. More specifically, the antibody has, for example, 100 to 1000, preferably 120 to 900, more preferably 150 to 800, even more preferably 180 to 700 or more, and particularly preferably 200 to 600 amino acid residues. You may be comprised from group.
- the number of amino acid residues may correspond to the amino acid residues of the antibody heavy chain.
- the antibody which is the target of the affinity substance further contains a specific amino acid residue having a side chain or a terminal (N-terminal and / or C-terminal), preferably a side chain capable of reacting with a bioorthogonal functional group as described later.
- a protein comprising one or more positions (preferably a plurality of positions).
- Such specific amino acid residues include, for example, amino acid residues as described later, and preferably include lysine residues, tyrosine residues, serine residues, threonine residues, and cysteine residues.
- an antibody comprising such a specific amino acid residue at a plurality of positions is preferred.
- the plurality of positions is not particularly limited as long as it is 2 or more positions, but for example, 3 or more positions, preferably 5 or more positions, more preferably 10 or more positions, still more preferably 20 or more positions, particularly preferably. May be 30 or more positions.
- the plurality of positions may also be, for example, 200 or less positions, preferably 180 or less positions, more preferably 150 or less positions, even more preferably 120 or less positions, and particularly preferably 100 or less positions.
- the plurality of positions are, for example, 3 to 200 positions, preferably 5 to 180 positions, more preferably 10 to 150 positions, still more preferably 20 to 120 positions, particularly preferably 30 to There may be 100 positions.
- the compound of the present invention regioselectively modifies one or two specific amino acid residues present in a specific region.
- the number of lysine residues in human IgG1 depends on the amino acid composition in the variable region, it is generally said to be about 70 to 90.
- one or two lysine residues present in such a specific region of human IgG1 have been successfully regioselectively modified.
- the present invention modifies amino acid residues present at specific target sites in the antibody while maintaining the function of the antibody (ie, maintaining native folding without denaturing the antibody). From this viewpoint, regioselective modification of amino acid residues exposed on the surface of the antibody is preferable.
- human IgGs such as human IgG1
- exposed lysine residues and exposed tyrosine residues are present at the following positions (according to EU numbering; reference).
- human IgG such as human IgG1
- a lysine residue, a tyrosine residue, a serine residue or a threonine residue it is exposed to the surface among the above positions (1) to (4).
- a lysine residue, a tyrosine residue, a serine residue, or a threonine residue present at the following position may be modified.
- a predetermined position in the CH2 domain that can be efficiently modified in the present invention (example: Lysine residues present at positions 246, 248, 288, 290, 317) may be modified.
- an antibody that is a target of an affinity substance is identified in a target region consisting of 1 to 50 consecutive amino acid residues when it contains a specific amino acid residue at a plurality of positions as described above. And one or more amino acid residues, and 5 or more specific amino acid residues in a non-target region other than the target region.
- the target region is preferably 1-30, more preferably 1-20, even more preferably 1-10, 1-5, or 1-3 (ie 1, 2, or 3) ) Amino acid residues.
- the target region may be a region consisting of a specific amino acid residue present at a specific position.
- Such a specific position varies depending on the type of the target protein and affinity substance, and is, for example, a specific position in a specific region (eg, CH1, CH2, CH3) in an antibody constant region. Preferably, it may be a position in CH2 of the antibody.
- the target region may be the following residues according to Eu numbering in human IgG Fc: (1) Lys248 residue (hereinafter also referred to simply as “Lys248” and corresponds to the 18th residue of the human IgG CH2 region (SEQ ID NO: 1)) or Lys246 residue (hereinafter referred to herein) In this case, it is simply expressed as “Lys246”, which corresponds to the 16th residue of the human IgG CH2 region (SEQ ID NO: 1)): (2) Lys288 residue (hereinafter also simply referred to as “Lys288” in the present specification, which corresponds to the 58th residue of the human IgG CH2 region (SEQ ID NO: 1)) or Lys290 residue (hereinafter referred to herein) In this case, it is also simply expressed as “Lys290” and corresponds to the 60th residue of the human IgG CH2 region (SEQ ID NO: 1)); (3) Lys 317 residue (hereinafter also referred to referred
- a specific amino acid residue in the target region can be highly regioselectively modified.
- Such regioselectivity is, for example, 30% or more, preferably 40% or more, more preferably 50% or more, even more preferably 60% or more, particularly preferably 70% or more, 80% or more, 90% or more, 95 % Or more, 96% or more, 97% or more, 98% or more, 99% or more, or 100%.
- the target region also includes a number of specific amino acid residues present at a specific position with respect to the N-terminal side and the C-terminal side with respect to the specific position (where a is an arbitrary number of 1 to 10) In the region up to the remote position of the amino acid residue of the amino acid residue of the amino acid residue other than the specific amino acid residue present at the specific position, Also good. a is preferably an integer of 1 to 5, more preferably an integer of 1 to 3, even more preferably 1 or 2, and particularly preferably 1.
- the antibody is a monoclonal antibody.
- antibody isotypes such as monoclonal antibodies include IgG (eg, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4), IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE, and IgY.
- the monoclonal antibody is a full-length antibody or an antibody fragment (eg, F (ab ′) 2 , Fab ′, Fab, Fv, single chain antibody), and a full-length antibody is preferable.
- the antibody is a human antibody, humanized antibody or chimeric antibody having human IgG (eg, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4) in the constant region.
- Antibody is an antibody against an arbitrary antigen.
- an antigen may be a component found in an organism or virus as described above.
- antigens include proteins [oligopeptides and polypeptides. It may be a protein modified with a biomolecule such as sugar (eg, glycoprotein)], sugar chain, nucleic acid, and low molecular weight compound.
- the antibody may be an antibody having a protein as an antigen.
- proteins include cell membrane receptors, cell membrane proteins other than cell membrane receptors (eg, extracellular matrix proteins), ligands, and soluble receptors.
- the protein that is the antigen of the antibody may be a disease target protein.
- diseases target protein include the following.
- the affinity substance for the antibody is an affinity substance for the monoclonal antibody.
- the isotype of the monoclonal antibody is the same as that described above for the antibody, but IgG (eg, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4) is preferred.
- the monoclonal antibody is a full length monoclonal antibody.
- the affinity substance for the antibody is an affinity substance for a chimeric antibody, humanized antibody, or human antibody (eg, IgG such as IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, etc.) that is a full-length monoclonal antibody.
- IgG such as IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, etc.
- the affinity substance for an antibody is an affinity substance for an antibody comprising any one Fc region protein selected from the group consisting of the following (A) to (C) and having an antigen-binding ability. : (A) an Fc region protein comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1; (B) an Fc region protein comprising an amino acid sequence in which one or several amino acid residues are inserted, added, deleted or substituted in the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1; or (C) the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and 90 Fc region protein comprising an amino acid sequence exhibiting at least% identity.
- the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 is an Fc region protein.
- Fc region proteins are known to have secretory ability. Therefore, the Fc region proteins (A) to (C) can have secretory ability.
- an antibody containing such an Fc region protein can have antigen binding ability.
- the amino acid residue at position 18 in SEQ ID NO: 1 is an arbitrary amino acid residue, preferably a neutral amino acid residue, more preferably an amino acid residue having a nonpolar side chain as described below, Even more preferred is leucine, isoleucine or alanine, and particularly preferred is leucine or alanine.
- the amino acid residue at position 19 in SEQ ID NO: 1 is an arbitrary amino acid residue, preferably a neutral amino acid residue or an acidic amino acid residue, more preferably an amino acid residue having a nonpolar side chain or an acidic amino acid residue. An amino acid residue, even more preferably leucine or glutamic acid.
- the amino acid residue at position 21 in SEQ ID NO: 1 is an arbitrary amino acid residue, preferably a neutral amino acid residue, more preferably an amino acid residue having a nonpolar side chain, still more preferably Glycine or alanine.
- the amino acid residue at position 140 in SEQ ID NO: 1 is an arbitrary amino acid residue, preferably an acidic amino acid residue, more preferably glutamic acid or aspartic acid.
- the amino acid residue at position 142 in SEQ ID NO: 1 is an arbitrary amino acid residue, preferably a neutral amino acid residue, more preferably an amino acid residue having a nonpolar side chain, still more preferably It is methionine, leucine or isoleucine, particularly preferably methionine or leucine.
- the amino acid residue at position 177 in SEQ ID NO: 1 is an arbitrary amino acid residue, preferably a neutral amino acid residue, more preferably an amino acid residue having an uncharged polar side chain as described later or An amino acid residue having a nonpolar side chain, more preferably threonine, alanine or glycine, and particularly preferably threonine or alanine.
- amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 may be an amino acid sequence consisting of amino acid residues at positions 220 to 449 in the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2.
- amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 may be an amino acid sequence consisting of amino acid residues at positions 7 to 236 in the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3.
- an antibody comprising an Fc region protein comprising an amino acid sequence as described above may be an Fc region protein comprising an amino acid sequence as described above and an antibody comprising an antibody constant region.
- the constant region of such an antibody may be a constant region of a chimeric antibody, a humanized antibody, or a human antibody (eg, IgG such as IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4).
- one or several amino acid residues are modified by 1, 2, 3 or 4 mutations selected from the group consisting of deletion, substitution, addition and insertion of amino acid residues. obtain.
- the amino acid residue mutation may be introduced into one region in the amino acid sequence, or may be introduced into a plurality of different regions.
- the term “one or several” refers to a number that does not significantly impair the activity of the protein.
- the number represented by the term “one or several” is, for example, 1 to 100, preferably 1 to 80, more preferably 1 to 50, 1 to 30, 1 to 20, 1 to 10 or 1 to 5 (eg, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5).
- the percent identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 is 70% or more, 75% or more, 80% or more, 85% or more, 90% or more, 91% or more, 92% or more, 93 % Or more, 94% or more, 95% or more, 96% or more, 97% or more, 98% or more, or 99% or more.
- compositional adjustments Conditional composition, matrix adjustment.
- Secretion in secretory capacity has the same meaning as secretory protein secretion (so-called soluble). Therefore, “having secretory ability” means functioning as an antibody in the same manner as a normal antibody.
- the antibody containing the Fc region protein may be introduced with a mutation at a specific site as long as it retains the desired characteristics (eg, secretion ability, antigen binding ability).
- desired characteristics eg, secretion ability, antigen binding ability.
- the positions of amino acid residues where mutations may be introduced that can retain the desired properties will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Specifically, those skilled in the art 1) compare the amino acid sequences of multiple proteins with similar characteristics, 2) reveal regions that are relatively conserved, and regions that are not relatively conserved, Then, 3) from the relatively conserved region and the relatively non-conserved region, it is possible to predict the region that can play an important role in the function and the region that can not play the important role in the function, respectively. The correlation between structure and function can be recognized. Therefore, those skilled in the art can specify the position of an amino acid residue to which a mutation may be introduced in the amino acid sequence of an antibody containing the Fc region protein.
- amino acid residue substitution may be a conservative substitution.
- conservative substitution refers to the replacement of a given amino acid residue with an amino acid residue having a similar side chain. Families of amino acid residues with similar side chains are well known in the art.
- such families include amino acids having basic side chains (eg, lysine, arginine, histidine), amino acids having acidic side chains (eg, aspartic acid, glutamic acid), amino acids having uncharged polar side chains (Eg, asparagine, glutamine, serine, threonine, tyrosine, cysteine), amino acids with non-polar side chains (eg, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan), ⁇ -branched side chain Amino acids (eg, threonine, valine, isoleucine), amino acids having aromatic side chains (eg, tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, histidine), amino acids having side groups containing hydroxyl groups (eg, alcoholic, phenolic) ( Example, serine, thread Nin, tyrosine), and amino acids (e.g.
- the conservative substitution of amino acids is a substitution between aspartic acid and glutamic acid, a substitution between arginine and lysine and histidine, a substitution between tryptophan and phenylalanine, and between phenylalanine and valine. Or a substitution between leucine, isoleucine and alanine, and a substitution between glycine and alanine.
- Examples of the antibody used in the present invention or an antibody containing any one Fc region selected from the group consisting of (A) to (C) above include chimeric antibodies (eg, rituximab, basiliximab, infliximab, cetuximab, siltuximab) , Dinutuximab, ortoxaximab), humanized antibodies (eg, daclizumab, palivizumab, trastuzumab, alentuzumab, omalizumab, efalizumab, bevacizumab, natalizumab (IgG4), tocilizumab, eculimabumab (IgG2), (IgG4), mepolizumab, erutuzumab, daratumumab, ikesekizumab (IgG4), lesriumab (IgG4), atezolizumab), human antibodies (eg, Adari Mab, pan
- affinity substances for antibodies as described above include peptides (including oligopeptides, polypeptides, and proteins), low molecular compounds, nucleic acids, nucleic acid-peptide complexes, peptide-low molecular compound complexes, nucleic acids, Examples include small molecule complexes.
- the affinity substance for an antibody as described above may be a peptide (including oligopeptides, polypeptides, proteins, which may be glycoproteins).
- peptides including oligopeptides, polypeptides, proteins, which may be glycoproteins.
- IgG-binding peptides having affinity for a specific region (CH2 region) of human IgG in general that is, human IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4; the same applies hereinafter
- CH2 region specific region of human IgG in general
- QSYP SEQ ID NO: 29
- HWRGWV SEQ ID NO: 30
- HYFKFD SEQ ID NO: 31
- HFRRHL SEQ ID NO: 32
- DAAG SEQ ID NO: 33
- Fc-I, Fc-II, and Fc-III having affinity for a specific region (Fc region) of human IgG in general (eg, Warren L. Delano et al., Science, 2000, VOL.
- NARKFYKG SEQ ID NO: 34
- NKFRGKYK SEQ ID NO: 35
- Fc region specific region of human IgG in general
- the affinity substance for an antibody as described above may be a substance other than a peptide.
- examples of such substances include aptamers having an affinity for a specific region (CH2 region, particularly the side chain of Lys340) of human IgG (eg, human IgG1 to 4) (eg, GGUG (C / G, GGGUG, CUG, etc.)).
- A) (U / T) motif-containing aptamer] has been reported (eg, International Publication No. 2007/004748; Nomura Y et al., Nucleic Acids Res., 2010 Nov; 38 (21): 7822-9 Miyakawa S et al., RNA., 2008 Jun; 14 (6): 1154-63).
- the affinity substance for the antibody as described above can be obtained by any known method in the art. For example, by producing an antibody using the whole antibody or a partial peptide in the antibody (eg, a partial peptide existing in the region where the antibody surface exposed region is known) (eg, hybridoma method) Or by screening affinity substances from libraries (eg, peptide libraries, antibody libraries, antibody-producing cell libraries, aptamer libraries, phage libraries, mRNA libraries, cDNA libraries) from which affinity substances are available (eg, phage display) Method, SELEX method, mRNA display method, ribosome display method, cDNA display method, yeast display method).
- libraries eg, peptide libraries, antibody libraries, antibody-producing cell libraries, aptamer libraries, phage libraries, mRNA libraries, cDNA libraries
- affinity substances eg, phage display
- the affinity substance for the antibody is an affinity substance for the Fc region (soluble region) of the antibody
- specific regions of the Fc region (eg, CH1, CH1, etc.) of various antibodies eg, IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE
- an affinity substance eg, antibody, aptamer
- those having a relatively strong affinity and those having a weak affinity are mixed.
- the affinity binding ability can be reinforced by using an excess amount.
- the affinity substance for the antibody is a peptide.
- a peptide having binding ability to the constant region of a monoclonal antibody is preferable, a peptide having binding ability to the Fc region of a monoclonal antibody is more preferable, and a peptide having binding ability to the Fc region of IgG is even more preferable.
- the length of the peptide is not particularly limited. For example, it is a peptide consisting of 10 to 40 (eg, 10 to 20, 20 to 30, and 30 to 40) amino acid residues.
- amino acid residues constituting peptides there are 20 types of L- ⁇ -amino acid residues constituting natural proteins, stereoisomers thereof (eg, D-amino acids), and isomers thereof (eg, ⁇ -amino acids). Can be mentioned.
- the affinity substance for an antibody as described above may be a peptide comprising any of the following amino acid sequences.
- A-1-1) amino acid sequence of FNMQQQRRFYEALHDPNNLEEQRNARIRSIRDD (SEQ ID NO: 11) (see, eg, compounds 22-24, 29), or (A-1-2)
- amino acid sequence of FNMQCQRRFYEALHDPNNLEEQRNARIRSIRDDC (SEQ ID NO: 12) (amino acid sequence in which two K are substituted by R in the known sequence Z34C)
- any one to three amino acid residues in the sequence are , which may be the same or different, each substituted with one amino acid residue selected from the group consisting of a lysine residue, an aspartic acid residue, and a glutamic acid residue
- A-2-1) ⁇ -Ala-NMQQRRFYEALHDPNNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDD (SEQ ID NO: 13) amino acid sequence (eg, see compounds 26-
- the peptide consisting of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 12 has two K (lysine) counted from the N-terminus as R (arginine) in the affinity peptide known as Z34C for convenience of peptide reagent synthesis. ).
- the compound of the present invention including a peptide containing the above amino acid sequence is a specific amino acid residue in human IgG Fc (eg, Lys248 residue or Lys246 residue according to Eu numbering, Lys288 or Lys290, Lys317, or other than those residues) It is useful for regioselective modification of amino acid residues.
- amino acid sequence of the Z34C is FNMQCQRRFYEALHDPNNLEEQRNAKIKSIRDDC (SEQ ID NO: 36) (eg, Starovasnik, M. A. et al., Structural mimicryinativem. USA., 94, 10080-10085 (1997)).
- the affinity peptide can have affinity for human IgG (eg, human IgG as described above, preferably human IgG1).
- human IgG eg, human IgG as described above, preferably human IgG1.
- the affinity peptide includes two cysteine residues (for example, the 5th and 34th positions), the two cysteine residues may form a cyclic peptide by disulfide bonding.
- any position as long as it has affinity for human IgG such as human IgG1 can be used. Such a position can be easily identified by those skilled in the art.
- the position where the lysine residue, aspartic acid residue or glutamic acid residue is introduced may be an amino acid residue other than the cysteine residue. More preferably, examples of the position at which an amino acid residue that can be easily modified by a crosslinking agent is introduced include the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 7th, 13th, 20th, 24th, 31st, and 32nd positions. Position amino acid residues.
- the amino acid sequence having the characteristics (a) and (b) is selected from the group consisting of a lysine residue, an aspartic acid residue, and a glutamic acid residue (an amino acid residue that can be easily modified by a crosslinking agent).
- 20 specific amino acid residues preferably lysine residues, aspartic acid residues
- 17 amino acid residues other than glutamic acid residues, and more preferably 19 amino acid residues other than lysine residues are also preferably present at positions other than the predetermined positions.
- Such a predetermined position is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 1st, 3rd, 6th, 7th, 13th, 20th, 24th, 31st, and 32nd positions.
- two cysteine residues are maintained, and these two cysteine residues may be linked by a disulfide bond.
- the amino acid sequence having 85% or more identity to the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 11 to 14 is 1, 2, 3 or 4 selected from the group consisting of deletion, substitution, addition and insertion of amino acid residues 1 to 3 (preferably 1 or 2, more preferably 1) amino acid residues may be modified by mutation (preferably substitution).
- the amino acid residue mutation may be introduced into one region in the amino acid sequence, or may be introduced into a plurality of different regions.
- the amino acid sequence having the characteristics (a) and (b) may be the following (c) or (d).
- (C) An amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of the following amino acid sequences (1) to (16): (1) FNMQQQRRFYEALHDPNNLEEQRNARIRSIKDD (SEQ ID NO: 5); (2) FNMQQQRRFYEALHDPNNLEEQRNARIKSIRDD (SEQ ID NO: 6); (3) ⁇ -Ala-NMQQRRFYEALHDPNNLNEEEQRNARIRSIRDD (SEQ ID NO: 7); (4) FNMQQQRRFYEALHDPNNLEEQRNAKIKISIKDD (SEQ ID NO: 8); (5) KNMQCQRRFYEALHDPNNLEEQRNARIRSRDDC (SEQ ID NO: 37); (6) FNMQCQKRFYEALHDPNNLEEQRNARIRSRDDC (SEQ ID NO: 38); (7) FNMQCQRRFYEAKHDPNNLEEQRNARI
- the affinity peptide having the above amino acid sequence of (d) is preferably a peptide having the binding ability to the constant region of the monoclonal antibody, more preferably a peptide having the binding ability to the Fc region of the monoclonal antibody, and the binding ability to the Fc region of IgG. Even more preferred are peptides having
- amino acid residues As long as the affinity peptide has 85% or more identity to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NOs: 11 to 14 or the amino acid sequences of (1) to (16), in addition to the introduction of amino acid residues, further amino acid residue mutations may be included. Those skilled in the art can easily identify the position at which additional amino acid mutations can be introduced. For example, phenylalanine residue at position 1, arginine residue at position 6, leucine residue at position 13, glutamic acid residue at position 20, asparagine residue at position 24, or arginine residue at position 31 It can be used even if the amino acid residue that can be modified is excluded).
- amino acids that can be introduced by further amino acid mutation include alanine (A), asparagine (N), cysteine (C), glutamine (Q), glycine (G), isoleucine (I), leucine (L), methionine ( M), phenylalanine (F), proline (P), serine (S), threonine (T), tryptophan (W), tyrosine (Y), valine (V), aspartic acid (D), glutamic acid (E), arginine (R), histidine (H), and lysine (L).
- these 19 amino acids other than lysine may be utilized.
- the amino acid may be either L-form or D-form, but L-form is preferred (in the Examples, all amino acid residues constituting the peptide are L-form).
- the degree of percent identity to the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 11 to 14 or the amino acid sequences of (1) to (16) can be determined as described above.
- the degree of identity is preferably 90% or more, 92% or more, more preferably 94% or more, even more preferably 95% or more, and particularly preferably 97% or more (ie, only mutation of one amino acid residue is determined). It may be).
- the affinity substance for an antibody as described above is a peptide comprising any of the following amino acid sequences: Formula 1-1: (X 0-3 ) a -C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-IIWC- (X 0-3 ) b (SEQ ID NO: 15)
- Xaa1 ′, Xaa2 ′, Xaa3 ′, Xaa4 ′, Xaa5 ′, and Xaa6 ′ are the same as Xaa1, Xaa2, Xaa3, Xaa4, Xaa5, and Xaa6, respectively. ].
- Such peptides have the ability to bind to the Fc region of monoclonal antibodies.
- (X 0-3 ) a is none, arginine residue-glycine residue-asparagine residue, glycine residue- Asparagine residue, aspartic acid residue, or asparagine residue, preferably none, arginine residue-glycine residue-asparagine residue, aspartic acid residue, or asparagine residue.
- Xaa2 is a tyrosine residue, tryptophan residue, or histidine residue, preferably a tyrosine residue or tryptophan Residue.
- Xaa3 is a histidine residue, a phenylalanine residue, a tyrosine residue, a tryptophan residue, an arginine residue, or a glycine residue.
- it is a histidine residue.
- Xaa4 is a lysine residue, an aspartic acid residue, or a glutamic acid residue, preferably a lysine residue.
- Xaa5 is glycine residue, serine residue, asparagine residue, glutamine residue, aspartic acid residue, glutamic acid residue , Phenylalanine residue, tyrosine residue, tryptophan residue, histidine residue, threonine residue, leucine residue, alanine residue, valine residue, isoleucine residue, or arginine residue, preferably glycine residue , Threonine residue, leucine residue.
- Xaa6 is a glutamine residue, a glutamic acid residue, an asparagine residue, or an aspartic acid residue, more preferably It is a glutamine residue.
- the peptide comprising any one of the amino acid sequences represented by the above formulas 1-1 to 1-9 and formula 2-1 is a peptide comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of: (1 ′) RGNCAYHKGIIWCTYH (SEQ ID NO: 46); (2 ′) RGNCAYHKGQIVWCTYH (SEQ ID NO: 47); (3 ′) RGNCAYHKGQVVWCTYH (SEQ ID NO: 48); (4 ′) RGNCAYHKGAVWCTYH (SEQ ID NO: 49); (5 ′) RGNCAYHKGQLLWCTYH (SEQ ID NO: 50); (6 ′) RGNCAYHKGQLIWCTYH (SEQ ID NO: 51); (7 ′) DCAYHKQIVWCT (SEQ ID NO: 52); (8 ′) DCAYHKQVVWCT (SEQ ID NO: 53); (9 ') DCAYHKGQAVWCT (SEQ ID NO: 54); (10 ′) RGNCAYHK
- At least two cysteine residues that are separated in each amino acid sequence of the peptide can form a cyclic peptide by a disulfide bond.
- the sulfide group in two cysteine residues may be connected by the carbonyl group containing linker represented below.
- the broken line portion of the carbonyl group-containing linker represented above means a binding portion with a sulfide group.
- the linker is more stable against a reduction reaction or the like than a normal disulfide bond.
- Such a peptide can be prepared, for example, by the method described in International Publication No. 2016/186206.
- the compound of the present invention including a peptide containing the above amino acid sequence is a specific amino acid residue in human IgG Fc (eg, Lys248 residue or Lys246 residue according to Eu numbering, Lys288 or Lys290, Lys317, or other than those residues) It is useful for regioselective modification of amino acid residues.
- the amino acid constituting the peptide may be either L-form or D-form, but L-form is preferred (in the examples, all amino acid residues constituting the peptide are L-form).
- the peptide may be modified at a specific amino acid residue with a crosslinking agent.
- specific amino acid residues include lysine residues, aspartic acid residues, and glutamic acid residues, with lysine residues being preferred.
- the cross-linking agent for example, a cross-linking agent preferably containing two or more succinimidyl groups such as DSG (disuccinimidyl glutarate), DSS (disuccinimidyl suberate, disuccinimidyl suberate) or the like, DMA (dimethimididapididipide)
- imide acid moieties such as 2HCl, dimethyl adipimidate dihydrochloride (DMP), dimethyl pimelimidate-2 HCl, pimelimido acid dimethyl dihydrochloride, and DMS (dimethyl thisubimidate-2 HCl, dimethyl suberimidate dihydrochloride) are preferred.
- a crosslinking agent containing two or more, and DTBP dimethyl 3,3'-dithiobispropio
- examples include crosslinkers having an SS bond such as imidate ⁇ 2HCl, 3,3′-dithiobispropionimidic acid dimethyl dihydrochloride) and DSP (dithiobis (succinimidyl propionate), dithiobissuccinimidylpropionic acid).
- SS bond such as imidate ⁇ 2HCl, 3,3′-dithiobispropionimidic acid dimethyl dihydrochloride) and DSP (dithiobis (succinimidyl propionate), dithiobissuccinimidylpropionic acid).
- the terminal amino group and carboxy group of the peptide may be protected.
- the protecting group for the N-terminal amino group include an alkylcarbonyl group (acyl group) (eg, butoxycarbonyl group such as acetyl group, propoxy group, tert-butoxycarbonyl group), alkyloxycarbonyl group (eg, fluoro group). Nylmethoxycarbonyl group), aryloxycarbonyl group, arylalkyl (aralkyl) oxycarbonyl group (eg, benzyloxycarbonyl group).
- the protecting group for the N-terminal amino group is preferably an acetyl group.
- Examples of the protecting group for the C-terminal carboxy group include groups capable of forming an ester or an amide.
- groups capable of forming an ester or amide include alkyloxy groups (eg, methyloxy, ethyloxy, propyloxy, butyloxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy), aryloxy groups (eg, phenyloxy, naphthyloxy), aralkyl Examples include an oxy group (eg, benzyloxy) and an amino group.
- the protecting group for the C-terminal carboxy group is preferably an amino group.
- L is a divalent group containing a leaving group.
- the leaving group is a group having the ability to be cleaved from E by the reaction between the nucleophilic group in the antibody and the electrophilic group contained in the divalent group (E) containing the electrophilic group. is there.
- Such leaving groups are common knowledge in the art (eg, Fujishima, S. et al J. Am. Chem. Soc, 2012, 134, 3961-3964. (Supra); Chem. Sci. 2015 3217. -3224 .; Nature Chemistry volume 8, pages 542-548 (2016)).
- the leaving group is not particularly limited as long as it has the ability to be cleaved from E by the above reaction.
- alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms examples include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, pentyl and hexyl.
- the alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferably an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Examples of leaving groups are —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —C ⁇ C—CH 2 —.
- the group selected from the group consisting of O—, —N (OR) —, —N (R) —, and —O—N (R) — is the following (1) or (2): (1) —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —C ⁇ C—CH 2 —O—, —N A group consisting of (OR) —, —N (R) —, or —O—N (R) —; or (2) —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —
- a group that enhances the ability of —, —N (R) —, or —O—N (R) — to be eliminated is such that the group is —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —C ⁇ C—CH 2 —O—, —N (OR) —, —N (R) —, or —O—N (R) — And when present, the group is —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —C ⁇ C—CH.
- Preferred examples of the group that enhances the ability to remove —, —N (R) —, or —O—N (R) — include an arylene that may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, and an electron-withdrawing group.
- Heteroarylene which may be substituted 2,5-diketopyrrolidine which may be condensed, 2,6-diketopiperidine which may be condensed, 2-ketopyrrolidine which may be condensed , Optionally fused 2-ketopiperidine, and 2-pyridone.
- the number of electron withdrawing groups that arylene and heteroarylene may have is 1 or more (eg, 1 to 3, preferably 1 or 2).
- Examples of the electron-withdrawing group include a halogen atom, an alkyl substituted with a halogen atom (eg, trifluoromethyl), a boronic acid residue, mesyl, tosyl, triflate, nitro, cyano, phenyl group, keto group (eg, , Acyl).
- a halogen atom eg, trifluoromethyl
- a boronic acid residue mesyl, tosyl, triflate, nitro, cyano, phenyl group, keto group (eg, , Acyl).
- the “arylene” in the “arylene optionally substituted with an electron-withdrawing group” is preferably arylene having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably arylene having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and 6 to 14 carbon atoms. Are more preferred, and arylene having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is most preferred.
- the arylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group may be further substituted with a substituent other than the electron-withdrawing group or may not be substituted.
- the number of carbon atoms does not include the number of carbon atoms of the electron-withdrawing group and other substituents. Examples of arylene include phenylene, naphthylene, and anthracenylene.
- heteroarylene in the “heteroarylene optionally substituted with an electron-withdrawing group” is preferably a heteroarylene having 1 to 21 carbon atoms, more preferably a heteroarylene having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, Even more preferred are heteroarylenes of 1-9, most preferred are heteroarylenes of 1-6 carbon atoms.
- the heteroarylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group may be further substituted with a substituent other than the electron-withdrawing group or may not be substituted.
- the number of carbon atoms does not include the number of carbon atoms of the electron-withdrawing group and other substituents.
- the heteroarylene includes one or more (for example, 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 1 to 3) heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, and a sulfur atom as ring constituent atoms.
- Heteroarylene includes, for example, pyrrole diyl, frangiyl, thiophene diyl, pyridinediyl, pyridazine diyl, pyrimidine diyl, pyrazine diyl, triazine diyl, pyrazole diyl, imidazole diyl, thiazole diyl, isothiazole diyl, oxazole diyl, isoxazole diyl, triazole Examples include diyl, tetrazole diyl, indole diyl, purine diyl, anthraquinone diyl, carbazole diyl, fluorenediyl, quinoline diyl, isoquinoline diyl, quinazoline diyl, and
- 2,5-diketopyrrolidine which may be condensed 2,6-diketopiperidine which may be condensed, 2-ketopyrrolidine which may be condensed, or 2 which may be condensed -Ketopiperidine and 2-pyridone may or may not be substituted with a substituent such as an electron-withdrawing group.
- Heteroarylene which is an example of a leaving group, is a heteroarylene having a low ⁇ electron density (that is, less than 1).
- a heteroarylene containing a nitrogen atom as a ring constituent atom is preferable.
- the heteroarylene containing a nitrogen atom as a ring constituent atom is preferably a heteroarylene having 1 to 21 carbon atoms containing a nitrogen atom as a ring constituent atom, and having 1 to 15 carbon atoms containing a nitrogen atom as a ring constituent atom.
- a heteroarylene having 1 to 9 carbon atoms containing a nitrogen atom as a ring-constituting atom is a heteroarylene having a low ⁇ electron density (that is, less than 1).
- the heteroarylene that is a leaving group may or may not be substituted with a substituent such as an electron-withdrawing group.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- Examples of the heteroarylene that is a leaving group containing a nitrogen atom as a ring constituent atom include imidazole diyl, triazole diyl, tetrazole diyl, and 2-pyridone diyl (that is, 2-hydroxypyridine diyl).
- examples of such a substituent include the following: (I) a halogen atom; (Ii) a monovalent hydrocarbon group; (Iii) Aralkyl; (Iv) a monovalent heterocyclic group; (V) R a —O—, R a —C ( ⁇ O) —, R a —O—C ( ⁇ O) —, or R a —C ( ⁇ O) —O— (R a is a hydrogen atom Or represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group); or (vi) NR b R c —, NR b R c —C ( ⁇ O) —, NR b R c —C ( ⁇ O) —O—, or R b —C ( ⁇ O) —NR c — (R b and R c are the following: (I) a halogen atom; (Ii) a monovalent hydrocarbon group; (Iii) Aralkyl; (Iv) a monovalent heterocycl
- halogen atom examples include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- Examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group include a monovalent chain hydrocarbon group, a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- the monovalent chain hydrocarbon group means a hydrocarbon group composed only of a chain structure, and the main chain does not include a cyclic structure. However, the chain structure may be linear or branched. Examples of the monovalent chain hydrocarbon group include alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl. Alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl may be linear or branched.
- alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable, and alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is more preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- the alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl. , Dodecyl.
- alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable, and alkenyl having 2 to 4 carbon atoms is more preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms. Examples of alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbon atoms include vinyl, propenyl, and n-butenyl.
- Alkynyl is preferably alkynyl having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably alkynyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and further preferably alkynyl having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- alkynyl having 2 to 12 carbon atoms include ethynyl, propynyl and n-butynyl.
- alkyl is preferable.
- the monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group means a hydrocarbon group containing only an alicyclic hydrocarbon as a ring structure and not containing an aromatic ring.
- the alicyclic hydrocarbon is monocyclic or polycyclic. It may be. However, it is not necessary to be composed only of alicyclic hydrocarbons, and a part thereof may include a chain structure.
- Examples of the monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group include cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, and cycloalkynyl, which may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- cycloalkyl a cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, a cycloalkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a cycloalkyl having 5 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- examples of the cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.
- the cycloalkenyl is preferably a cycloalkenyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably a cycloalkenyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and further preferably a cycloalkenyl having 5 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- Examples of the cycloalkenyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms include cyclopropenyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, and cyclohexenyl.
- the cycloalkynyl is preferably a cycloalkynyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably a cycloalkynyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and further preferably a cycloalkynyl having 5 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- Examples of the cycloalkynyl having 3 to 12 carbon atoms include cyclopropynyl, cyclobutynyl, cyclopentynyl, and cyclohexynyl.
- cycloalkyl is preferable.
- the monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group means a hydrocarbon group containing an aromatic ring structure. However, it is not necessary to be composed only of an aromatic ring, and a part thereof may contain a chain structure or an alicyclic hydrocarbon, and the aromatic ring may be either a monocyclic ring or a polycyclic ring. Good.
- aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is more preferable, and aryl having 6 carbon atoms is more preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms. Examples of the aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include phenyl and naphthyl.
- phenyl is preferable.
- alkyl As the monovalent hydrocarbon group, alkyl, cycloalkyl, and aryl are preferable, and alkyl is more preferable.
- Aralkyl refers to arylalkyl.
- the definition, examples and preferred examples of aryl and alkyl in arylalkyl are as described above.
- Aralkyl having 3 to 15 carbon atoms is preferred as the aralkyl. Examples of such aralkyl include benzoyl, phenethyl, naphthylmethyl, and naphthylethyl.
- the monovalent heterocyclic group refers to a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a heterocyclic ring of a heterocyclic compound.
- the monovalent heterocyclic group is a monovalent aromatic heterocyclic group or a monovalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group.
- the hetero atom constituting the heterocyclic group preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom, a phosphorus atom, a boron atom and a silicon atom, and includes an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom and nitrogen. More preferably, at least one selected from the group consisting of atoms is included.
- the monovalent aromatic heterocyclic group is preferably an aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, more preferably an aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, and an aromatic group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. More preferred are group heterocyclic groups.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- Examples of the monovalent aromatic heterocyclic group include pyrrolyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, pyridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indolyl, purinyl, anthraquinolyl , Carbazonyl, fluorenyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, and phthalazinyl.
- the monovalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group is preferably a non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, more preferably a non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 9 carbon atoms, More preferred are 6 non-aromatic heterocyclic groups.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- Examples of the monovalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group include oxiranyl, aziridinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, thietanyl, pyrrolidinyl, dihydrofuranyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, dioxolanyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, pyrrolinyl, imidazolidinyl, oxazolidinyl, piperidinyl, dihydropyranyl.
- Tetrahydropyranyl Tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperazinyl, dihydrooxazinyl, tetrahydrooxazinyl, dihydropyrimidinyl, and tetrahydropyrimidinyl.
- the monovalent heterocyclic group is preferably a 5-membered or 6-membered heterocyclic group.
- the substituent may be: (I ′) a halogen atom; (Ii ′) alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, phenyl, or naphthyl; (Iii ') Aralkyl having 3 to 15 carbon atoms; (Iv ′) a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle; (V ′) R a —O—, R a —C ( ⁇ O) —, R a —O—C ( ⁇ O) —, or R a —C ( ⁇ O) —O— (R a is hydrogen Or (vi ′) NR b R c —, NR b R c —C ( ⁇ O) —, NR b R c —C ( ⁇ O) —, or an atom or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; O—, or R b —C ( ⁇ O) —NR c — (R b and R c are the same or different and each
- the substituent may be: (I ′′) a halogen atom; (Ii '') alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; (Iii ′′) R a —O—, R a —C ( ⁇ O) —, R a —O—C ( ⁇ O) —, or R a —C ( ⁇ O) —O— (R a is Represents hydrogen atom or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.); Or (iv ′′) NR b R c —, NR b R c —C ( ⁇ O) —, NR b R c —C ( ⁇ O ) —O— or R b —C ( ⁇ O) —NR c — (R b and R c are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms); (V ′′) The same groups as listed above in (vii).
- the substituent may be: (I ′ ′′) a halogen atom; (Ii ′ ′′) alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; (Iii ′ ′′) R a —O—, R a —C ( ⁇ O) —, R a —O—C ( ⁇ O) —, or R a —C ( ⁇ O) —O— (R a is , Hydrogen atom, or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms); or (iv ′ ′′) NR b R c —, NR b R c —C ( ⁇ O) —, NR b R c —C ( ⁇ O) —O—, or R b —C ( ⁇ O) —NR c — (R b and R c are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms); (V ′ ′′) the same groups as listed above in (vii).
- the substituent may be: (I ′′ ′′) a halogen atom; (Ii ′′ ′′) alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; (Iii ′′ ′′) R a —O—, R a —C ( ⁇ O) —, R a —O—C ( ⁇ O) —, or R a —C ( ⁇ O) —O— (R a Represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.); Or (iv ′′ ′′) NR b R c —, NR b R c —C ( ⁇ O) —, NR b R c — C ( ⁇ O) —O—, or R b —C ( ⁇ O) —NR c — (R b and R c are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. ); (V ′′ ′′) The same groups as listed above
- examples of the leaving group include any of the following (a) to (c).
- 2,5-diketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2,6-diketopiperidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopiperidine, 2-pyridone Q is a group selected from the group consisting of: —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —C ⁇ A group selected from the group consisting of C—CH 2 —O—, —N (OR) —, —N (R) —, and —O—N (R) — (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom) 1 to 6 alkyl).
- Ring P in (a) is arylene optionally substituted with an electron withdrawing group, heteroarylene optionally substituted with an electron withdrawing group, 2,5-diketopyrrolidine optionally condensed, 2,6-diketopiperidine which may be condensed, 2-ketopyrrolidine which may be condensed, 2-ketopiperidine which may be condensed, or 2-pyridone.
- arylene substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, heteroarylene substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, 2,5-diketopyrrolidine, and 2,6-diketopiperidine are more preferable. Even more preferred are arylene, 2,5-diketopyrrolidine, and 2,6-diketopiperidine.
- Ring P in (a) is arylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, heteroarylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, 2,5-diketopyrrolidine which may be condensed, A group selected from the group consisting of 2,6-diketopiperidine which may be condensed, 2-ketopyrrolidine which may be condensed, 2-ketopiperidine which may be condensed, 2-pyridone is there. Details of these groups are the same as those described as preferred examples of the group that enhances the ability to leave —N (R) —, —N (OR) —, —O—, —S—, or —Se—. It is.
- Q in (a) is —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —C ⁇ C—CH 2 —O.
- R is a hydrogen atom or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- Q in (C) is —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —C ⁇ C—CH 2 —O.
- a preferable leaving group may be a group selected from the group consisting of the following structural formulas.
- EWG is an electron withdrawing group
- m is an integer from 0 to 4
- n is an integer from 0 to 3
- R is a hydrogen atom or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- ⁇ open circles
- ⁇ black circle
- m is preferably an integer of 1 to 4, more preferably 1, 2 or 3.
- n is preferably an integer of 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2.
- the divalent group containing a leaving group represented by L is a divalent group composed of the above leaving group, or a divalent group containing another divalent group in addition to the above leaving group.
- examples of such other divalent groups include a divalent hydrocarbon group, a divalent heterocyclic group, —C ( ⁇ O) —, —NR L — (R L represents a hydrogen atom, or A substituent), —O—, —S—, —C ( ⁇ S) —, and combinations of two or more thereof (for example, 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 6, more preferably 2 to 4).
- the divalent hydrocarbon group and the divalent heterocyclic group may have, for example, 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2 substituents.
- the divalent hydrocarbon group is a linear, branched or cyclic divalent hydrocarbon group, preferably a linear or branched divalent hydrocarbon group.
- Examples of the divalent hydrocarbon group include alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, and arylene.
- alkylene alkylene having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, alkylene having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable, and alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- Alkylene may be linear, branched or cyclic, but is preferably linear alkylene. Examples of such alkylene include methylene, ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene, and hexylene.
- the alkenylene is preferably an alkenylene having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkenylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an alkenylene having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- Alkenylene may be linear, branched or cyclic, but linear alkenylene is preferred. Examples of such alkenylene include ethylenylene, propynylene, butenylene, pentenylene, and hexenylene.
- alkynylene alkynylene having 2 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, alkynylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable, and alkynylene having 2 to 4 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- Alkynylene may be linear, branched or cyclic, but linear alkynylene is preferred. Examples of such alkynylene include ethynylene, propynylene, butynylene, pentynylene, and hexynylene.
- arylene having 6 to 24 carbon atoms is preferable, arylene having 6 to 18 carbon atoms is more preferable, arylene having 6 to 14 carbon atoms is further preferable, and arylene having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is still more preferable. preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms. Examples of arylene include phenylene, naphthylene, and anthracenylene.
- the divalent heterocyclic group is a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group or a divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group.
- the hetero atom constituting the heterocyclic ring preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom, a phosphorus atom, a boron atom and a silicon atom, and includes an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom and a nitrogen atom More preferably, at least one selected from the group consisting of:
- the divalent aromatic heterocyclic group is preferably a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 to 21 carbon atoms, more preferably a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, A divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is still more preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- examples of the divalent aromatic heterocyclic group include pyrrole diyl, frangiyl, thiophene diyl, pyridine diyl, pyridazine diyl, pyrimidine diyl, pyrazine diyl, triazine diyl, pyrazole diyl, imidazole diyl, thiazole diyl, Examples include isothiazole diyl, oxazole diyl, isoxazole diyl, triazole diyl, tetrazole diyl, indole diyl, purine diyl, anthraquinone diyl, carbazole diyl, fluorenediyl, quinoline diyl, isoquinoline diyl, quinazoline diyl, and phthalazine diyl.
- the divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group is preferably a non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 21 carbon atoms, more preferably a non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, A non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 9 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms is still more preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- examples of the divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group include pyrrole dione diyl, pyrroline dione diyl, pyrroline diyl, oxirane diyl, aziridine diyl, azetidine diyl, oxetane diyl, thietane diyl, pyrrolidine diyl, dihydrofurandyl.
- L can be represented as L 1 -L 2 .
- L 1 is a bond or a divalent group.
- examples and preferred examples of the divalent group represented by L 1 are divalent groups in which a divalent group containing a leaving group represented by L contains another divalent group in addition to the leaving group. In the case of the above group, it is the same as that of the other divalent group.
- L 2 is a leaving group.
- the definition, examples and preferred examples of the leaving group represented by L 2 are the same as those of the leaving group for L.
- the leaving group represented by L 2 is any one of the above (a) to (c). Examples and preferred examples of the leaving group represented by L 2 are also the same as those described in the above (a) to (c).
- L (a divalent group containing a leaving group) or L 1 (a bond or a divalent group) -L 2 (linkage between A (affinity substance) and E (a divalent group containing an electrophilic group)
- the length of the main chain of the leaving group depends on the type of antibody and affinity substance, and the relationship between the target site of the affinity substance in the antibody and the specific amino acid residue in the antibody to be regioselectively modified. It can design suitably according to various factors, such as.
- the main chain of L or L 1 -L 2 is a chain structure composed of a plurality of covalently linked atoms that connect A and E, and excludes hydrogen atoms, branched structure parts, and substituents. .
- A When the compound represented by formula (I) is brought into contact with an antibody, A first associates with the antibody.
- the nucleophilic group in the side chain of the specific amino acid residue to be modified in the antibody in the vicinity of the antibody association site eg, the amino group in the side chain of the lysine residue
- E The leaving group contained in L or L 1 can be removed from E while the nucleophilic group is bonded to the electrophilic group.
- the length of the main chain is strictly controlled.
- the electrophilic group in E can be regioselectively linked to the nucleophilic group in the side chain of the particular amino acid residue to be modified in the antibody.
- the electrophilic group in E can be determined by controlling the length of the main chain. Can be regioselectively bound to the amino acid residues.
- the length of the main chain of L or L 1 -L 2 linking A and E is not particularly limited as long as a specific amino acid residue in the antibody can be regioselectively modified.
- amino acid residues eg, Lys248 or Lys246 residues, Lys288 or Lys290, Lys317, or other amino acid residues other than those residues
- the length of the main chain of L or L 1 -L 2 is also preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more, even more preferably 3 or more, and particularly preferably 4 or more or 5 or more. May be.
- the length of the main chain of L or L 1 -L 2 is also preferably 50 or less, more preferably 30 or less, even more preferably 20 or less, and particularly preferably 15 or less or 10 or less. May be. More specifically, the length of the main chain of L or L 1 -L 2 is preferably 1 to 50, more preferably 1 to 30, even more preferably 1 to 20, particularly preferably. May be 1-15 or 1-10. Alternatively, the length of the main chain of L or L 1 -L 2 is preferably 2 to 30, more preferably 3 to 20, and particularly preferably 4 to 15 or 5 to 10. .
- the number of atoms in the main chain is determined by counting the number of atoms in the chain structure (excluding the number of hydrogen atoms, branched structure parts, and atoms in substituents). can do.
- the number of atoms in the main chain can be conveniently counted from the viewpoint of defining the length of the main chain.
- the number of atoms in the main chain in such a case is the number of atoms in the chain structure that does not include a divalent ring structure in the main chain (number of atoms in the hydrogen atom, branched structure portion, and substituent). Can be determined by counting the number of atoms in the shortest path connecting two bonds in the ring structure (see, for example, the bold paths in (a) to (d) below). • is a bond.
- the main chain of L or L 1 -L 2 is a chain structure in which the “other divalent group” in L or the “divalent group” in L 1 does not include a divalent ring structure. Also good. Therefore, “another divalent group” in L or “a divalent group” in L 1 is a divalent linear or branched hydrocarbon group, —C ( ⁇ O) —, —NR L — ( R L represents a hydrogen atom or the above-described substituent), —O—, —S—, —C ( ⁇ S) —, and two or more thereof (for example, 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 6, more preferably) May be a group comprising a combination of 2 to 4).
- the divalent linear or branched hydrocarbon group may have, for example, 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2 substituents. Good. From the viewpoint of synthesizing a compound having a simple chemical structure, it is preferable not to have such a substituent. On the other hand, when the group as described above has a substituent, examples and preferred examples of such a substituent are the same as the substituents that the heteroarylene as an example of the leaving group may have.
- L is a divalent group comprising an electrophilic group that is (i) linked to a leaving group and (ii) has the ability to react with a nucleophilic group in the antibody.
- nucleophilic group in the antibody examples include NH 2 in the side chain of the lysine residue, OH in the side chain of the tyrosine residue, OH in the side chain of the serine residue, OH in the side chain of the threonine residue, and cysteine SH in the side chain of the residue.
- the nucleophilic group in the antibody is preferably NH 2 in the side chain of the lysine residue, or OH in the side chain of the tyrosine residue, and more preferably NH 2 in the side chain of the lysine residue.
- any electrophilic group that can be linked to the leaving group and has the ability to react with the nucleophilic group in the antibody as described above can be used.
- a group selected from the group consisting of —C ( ⁇ O) —, —SO 2 —, and —CH 2 — is preferred.
- —CH 2 — can also be used depending on the electronic balance with the adjacent group (eg, leaving group, L 2 , E 2 ).
- —CH 2 — can be preferably used as an electrophilic group (Tsukiji et al., Nature Chemical Biology, Vol. 5, No. 5, May 2009). ).
- the electrophilic group is more preferably —C ( ⁇ O) — or —SO 2 —, and still more preferably —C ( ⁇ O) —.
- the divalent group containing an electrophilic group represented by E is a divalent group composed of the above electrophilic group, or a divalent group containing another divalent group in addition to the above electrophilic group.
- examples of such other divalent groups include a divalent hydrocarbon group, a divalent heterocyclic group, —C ( ⁇ O) —, —NR E — (R E represents a hydrogen atom, A substituent), —O—, —S—, —C ( ⁇ S) —, and combinations of two or more thereof (for example, 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 6, more preferably 2 to 4). Groups.
- the divalent hydrocarbon group and the divalent heterocyclic group may have, for example, 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2 substituents. May be. From the viewpoint of synthesizing a compound having a simple chemical structure, it is preferable not to have such a substituent.
- examples and preferred examples of such a substituent are the same as the substituents that the heteroarylene as an example of the leaving group may have.
- E (and E 1 -E 2 -E 3, described below) can be designed to be free of peptide moieties that have potential immunogenicity and are susceptible to hydrolysis in blood.
- the divalent hydrocarbon group is a linear, branched or cyclic divalent hydrocarbon group, preferably a linear or branched divalent hydrocarbon group.
- Examples of the divalent hydrocarbon group include alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, and arylene.
- alkylene alkylene having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, alkylene having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable, and alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- Alkylene may be linear, branched or cyclic, but is preferably linear alkylene. Examples of such alkylene include methylene, ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene, and hexylene.
- the alkenylene is preferably an alkenylene having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkenylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an alkenylene having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- Alkenylene may be linear, branched or cyclic, but linear alkenylene is preferred. Examples of such alkenylene include ethylenylene, propynylene, butenylene, pentenylene, and hexenylene.
- alkynylene alkynylene having 2 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, alkynylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable, and alkynylene having 2 to 4 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- Alkynylene may be linear, branched or cyclic, but linear alkynylene is preferred. Examples of such alkynylene include ethynylene, propynylene, butynylene, pentynylene, and hexynylene.
- arylene having 6 to 24 carbon atoms is preferable, arylene having 6 to 18 carbon atoms is more preferable, arylene having 6 to 14 carbon atoms is further preferable, and arylene having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is still more preferable. preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms. Examples of arylene include phenylene, naphthylene, and anthracenylene.
- the divalent heterocyclic group is a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group or a divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group.
- the hetero atom constituting the heterocyclic ring preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom, a phosphorus atom, a boron atom and a silicon atom, and includes an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom and a nitrogen atom More preferably, at least one selected from the group consisting of:
- the divalent aromatic heterocyclic group is preferably a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 to 21 carbon atoms, more preferably a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, A divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is still more preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- examples of the divalent aromatic heterocyclic group include pyrrole diyl, frangiyl, thiophene diyl, pyridine diyl, pyridazine diyl, pyrimidine diyl, pyrazine diyl, triazine diyl, pyrazole diyl, imidazole diyl, thiazole diyl, Examples include isothiazole diyl, oxazole diyl, isoxazole diyl, triazole diyl, tetrazole diyl, indole diyl, purine diyl, anthraquinone diyl, carbazole diyl, fluorenediyl, quinoline diyl, isoquinoline diyl, quinazoline diyl, and phthalazine diyl.
- the divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group is preferably a non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 21 carbon atoms, more preferably a non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, A non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 9 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms is still more preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- examples of the divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group include pyrrole dione diyl, pyrroline dione diyl, pyrroline diyl, oxirane diyl, aziridine diyl, azetidine diyl, oxetane diyl, thietane diyl, pyrrolidine diyl, dihydrofurandyl.
- E can be represented as E 1 -E 2 -E 3 .
- E 1 is an electrophilic group (i) linked to the leaving group and (ii) capable of reacting with a nucleophilic group in the antibody.
- the definition, examples and preferred examples of the electrophilic group for E 1 are the same as those for E.
- E 2 is the following (a) or (b): (A) —X—Y— [wherein X bonded to E 1 is C (R 1 ) (R 2 ) (where R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom number] 1 to 6 alkyl), N (R 3 ) (wherein R 3 is a hydrogen atom or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), O, S, or Se, and E 3 Y bound to is C (R 4 ) (R 5 ) (wherein R 4 and R 5 are each independently a hydrogen atom or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms).
- ring Z is a divalent ring group in which all of the ring-constituting atoms X ′ bound to E 1 and both adjacent ring-constituting atoms are carbon atoms, or the ring-constituting atoms bound to E 1.
- X ′ is a nitrogen atom
- a ring atom adjacent to the nitrogen atom is a carbon atom.
- • is a bond.
- E 2 is the above (a)
- X bonded to E 1 is C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), N (R 3 ) from the viewpoint of improving the reactivity and stability of the compound of the present invention.
- O, S, or Se are preferred, and C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), N (R 3 ), O, or S are more preferred, and C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), N (R 3 ) Or O is even more preferred, C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), or N (R 3 ) is even more preferred, and C (R 1 ) (R 2 ) is most preferred.
- X in E 2 can also be defined in relation to leaving groups (eg, see L, L 2 ).
- X is an atom or group such as N (R 3 ), O, S, or Se, not only the leaving group, but also X can be removed from the electrophilic group.
- X in at least some of the compounds represented by the formula (I) should not be eliminated from the electrophilic group. Since the reaction can be controlled, in the present invention, an atom or group as described above can be used as X.
- X is more desorbed than the leaving group. It is possible to use an atom or group that is difficult to separate (that is, the pKa value of the atom or group is larger than the pKa value of the leaving group). Therefore, by eliminating the leaving group more selectively and suppressing the elimination of X in E 2 , the efficiency of the target reaction between the compound represented by formula (I) and the antibody is improved. From the viewpoint of improving the yield of an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group, X in E 2 is preferably one whose ability to desorb is not more than the leaving group.
- Examples of such X include leaving group type (eg, —N (R) —, —N (OR) —, —O—, —S—, or —Se—, or heteroarylene), and leaving group. Although it may vary depending on the presence / absence of a group containing a group that enhances the ability of a leaving group present adjacent to the group to leave, the outline thereof is as follows. (1) When the leaving group is —N (R) — or —N (OR) —, X is preferably C (R 1 ) (R 2 ) or N (R 3 ), and C (R 1 ) (R 2 ) is more preferred.
- leaving group type eg, —N (R) —, —N (OR) —, —O—, —S—, or —Se—, or heteroarylene
- leaving group eg, —N (R) —, —N (OR) —, —O—, —S—, or —Se
- X is preferably C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), N (R 3 ), or O, and C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), or N (R 3 ) is more preferred, and C (R 1 ) (R 2 ) is even more preferred.
- X is preferably C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), N (R 3 ), O, or S, and C (R 1 ) (R 2 ) , N (R 3 ), or O is more preferred, C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), or N (R 3 ) is even more preferred, and C (R 1 ) (R 2 ) is even more preferred.
- X is preferably C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), N (R 3 ), O, S, or Se, and C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), N (R 3 ), O, or S are more preferred, C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), N (R 3 ), or O are even more preferred, C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), Or N (R 3 ) is even more preferred and C (R 1 ) (R 2 ) is most preferred.
- X is preferably C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), N (R 3 ), O, S, or Se, and C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), N (R 3 ), O, or S are more preferred, C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), N (R 3 ), or O are even more preferred, C (R 1 ) (R 2 ), or N (R 3 ) is even more preferred, and C (R 1 ) (R 2 ) is most preferred.
- the ring-constituting atom X ′ bonded to E 1 contained in the ring Z is a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom.
- the ring Z is a divalent ring group in which all of the ring member atoms X ′ bonded to E 1 and the adjacent ring member atoms are carbon atoms. It is.
- the divalent ring group may or may not have, for example, 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2 substituents. From the viewpoint of synthesizing a compound having a simple chemical structure, it is preferable not to have such a substituent.
- examples and preferred examples of such a substituent are the same as the substituents that the heteroarylene as an example of the leaving group may have.
- Examples of such a divalent cyclic group include a cyclic divalent hydrocarbon group (eg, arylene, cyclic alkylene, cyclic alkenylene, cyclic alkynylene), and a divalent heterocyclic group (eg, 2 Valent aromatic heterocyclic group and divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group).
- a cyclic divalent hydrocarbon group eg, arylene, cyclic alkylene, cyclic alkenylene, cyclic alkynylene
- a divalent heterocyclic group eg, 2 Valent aromatic heterocyclic group and divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group.
- the divalent hydrocarbon group is a cyclic divalent hydrocarbon group, and examples of the divalent hydrocarbon group include cyclic alkylene, cyclic alkenylene, cyclic alkynylene, and arylene.
- alkylene having 3 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, alkylene having 3 to 10 carbon atoms is more preferable, and alkylene having 5 to 8 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- alkylene include cyclopropylene, cyclobutylene, cyclopentylene, cyclohexylene, cycloheptylene, cyclooctylene, cyclononylene, and cyclodexylene.
- alkenylene having 3 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, alkenylene having 3 to 10 carbon atoms is more preferable, and alkenylene having 5 to 8 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- alkenylene include cyclopropenylene, cyclobutenylene, cyclopentenylene, cyclohexenylene, cycloheptenylene, cyclooctenylene, cyclononenylene, and cyclodekenylene.
- alkynylene having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, alkynylene having 7 to 12 carbon atoms is more preferable, and alkynylene having 8 to 12 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- Alkynylene may be linear, branched or cyclic, but linear alkynylene is preferred. Examples of such alkynylene include cyclohexylene, cycloheptynylene, cyclooctynylene, cyclononynylene, cyclodecynylene, cycloundecylene, and cyclododecylene.
- arylene having 6 to 24 carbon atoms is preferable, arylene having 6 to 18 carbon atoms is more preferable, arylene having 6 to 14 carbon atoms is further preferable, and arylene having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is still more preferable. preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms. Examples of arylene include phenylene, naphthylene, and anthracenylene.
- the divalent heterocyclic group is a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group or a divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group.
- the hetero atom constituting the heterocyclic ring preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom, a phosphorus atom, a boron atom and a silicon atom, and includes an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom and a nitrogen atom More preferably, at least one selected from the group consisting of:
- the divalent aromatic heterocyclic group is preferably a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 21 carbon atoms, more preferably a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms, A divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 9 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms is still more preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- examples of the divalent aromatic heterocyclic group include pyrrole diyl, frangiyl, thiophene diyl, pyridinediyl, pyridazinediyl, pyrimidinediyl, pyrazolediyl, isothiazolediyl, isoxazolediyl, indolediyl, Anthraquinone diyl, carbazole diyl, fluorenediyl, quinoline diyl, isoquinoline diyl, quinazoline diyl, and phthalazine diyl.
- the divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group is preferably a non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 21 carbon atoms, more preferably a non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms, and 3 to 3 carbon atoms.
- a non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 9 carbon atoms is more preferred, and a non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms is still more preferred.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- examples of the divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group include pyrrolindionediyl, pyrrolinediyl, azetidinediyl, oxetanediyl, thietanediyl, pyrrolidinediyl, dihydrofurandiyl, tetrahydrofuranediyl, tetrahydrothiophenediyl, pyrrolindiyl.
- the ring Z is a ring atom X ′ bonded to E 1 is a nitrogen atom
- the ring atoms adjacent to the nitrogen atom are carbon atoms. It is a certain divalent heterocyclic group.
- Such a divalent heterocyclic group is a divalent heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom as a ring constituent atom.
- the divalent heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom as a ring constituent atom is preferably a divalent heterocyclic group having 3 to 21 carbon atoms, more preferably a divalent heterocyclic group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms, A divalent heterocyclic group having 3 to 9 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a divalent heterocyclic group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms is still more preferable.
- the divalent heterocyclic group may or may not have, for example, 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2 substituents. From the viewpoint of synthesizing a compound having a simple chemical structure, it is preferable not to have such a substituent.
- the divalent heterocyclic group has a substituent
- examples and preferred examples of such a substituent are the same as the substituents that the heteroarylene as an example of the leaving group may have.
- the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms.
- Examples of the divalent heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom as a ring constituent atom include a divalent aromatic heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom as a ring constituent atom, and a divalent non-aromatic containing a nitrogen atom as a ring constituent atom.
- a heterocyclic group is mentioned.
- Examples of the divalent aromatic heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom as a ring constituent atom include pyrrole diyl, imidazole diyl, indole diyl, purine diyl, and carbazole diyl.
- Examples of the divalent non-aromatic heterocyclic group containing a nitrogen atom as a ring constituent atom include pyrrole dione diyl, pyrroline dione diyl, pyrroline diyl, aziridine diyl, azetidine diyl, pyrrolidine diyl, pyrroline diyl, imidazolidine diyl, piperidine diyl. , Morpholine diyl, thiomorpholine diyl, piperazine diyl, dihydropyrimidine diyl, and tetrahydropyrimidine diyl.
- (b) the group represented by the above formula (i) is (b ′) the following formula (i ′):
- ring Z is a divalent ring group in which all of the ring member atoms bonded to E 1 and the adjacent ring member atoms are carbon atoms.. Is a bond. It is a group.
- the definition, examples and preferred examples of the divalent ring group for the ring Z in the group represented by the above formula (i ′) are the divalent ring groups for the ring Z in the group represented by the above formula (i). Is the same as
- E 3 is a divalent group when E 2 is —X—Y—, and is a bond or a divalent group when E 2 is a group represented by formula (i).
- the divalent group represented by E 3 is another group in which the divalent group containing the electrophilic group represented by E is a divalent group containing another divalent group in addition to the electrophilic group. This is the same as the divalent group.
- E divalent group containing an electrophilic group
- E 1 electrophilic group
- E 1 electrophilic group
- E 2 electrophilic group
- B biologically orthogonal functional group
- the length of the main chain of (a) or (b))-E 3 is determined depending on the specific antibody in the reaction between the compound represented by formula (I) and the antibody. It may not be involved in regioselective modification of amino acid residues, but rather may be involved in the distance between the antibody and the bioorthogonal functional group in an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group that is generated after the reaction.
- the main chain of E or E 1 -E 2 -E 3 refers to a chain structure composed of a plurality of atoms connected by covalent bonds connecting L and B, and includes a hydrogen atom, a branched structure portion, and a substituent. Is excluded. Therefore, the length of the main chain of E or E 1 -E 2 -E 3 can be appropriately designed from the viewpoint of adjusting the distance.
- the length of the main chain of E or E 1 -E 2 -E 3 linking L and B is not particularly limited, but may be a length composed of 3 or more atoms.
- the number of atoms in the main chain is determined by counting the number of atoms in the chain structure (excluding the number of hydrogen atoms, branched structure parts, and atoms in substituents). can do.
- the number of atoms in the main chain can be conveniently counted from the viewpoint of defining the length of the main chain.
- the number of atoms in the main chain in such a case is the number of atoms in the chain structure that does not include a divalent ring structure in the main chain (hydrogen atom, branched structure portion, and substituent).
- the number of atoms in the shortest path connecting two bonds in the ring structure can be determined.
- the main chain of E or E 1 -E 2 -E 3 is a chain structure in which the “other divalent group” in E or the “divalent group” in E 3 does not contain a divalent ring structure. It may be. Therefore, the “other divalent group” in E or the “divalent group” in E 3 is a divalent linear or branched hydrocarbon group, —C ( ⁇ O) —, —NR E — ( R E represents a hydrogen atom or the above-described substituent group, —O—, —S—, —C ( ⁇ S) —, and two or more thereof (for example, 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 6, more preferably May be a group comprising a combination of 2 to 4).
- the divalent linear or branched hydrocarbon group may have, for example, 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2 substituents. Good. From the viewpoint of synthesizing a compound having a simple chemical structure, it is preferable not to have such a substituent. On the other hand, when the group as described above has a substituent, examples and preferred examples of such a substituent are the same as the substituents that the heteroarylene as an example of the leaving group may have.
- Bioorthogonal functional groups do not react with biological components (eg, amino acids, nucleic acids, lipids, sugars, phosphates) or have a slow reaction rate to biological components, but with respect to components other than biological components Group which reacts selectively.
- Bioorthogonal functional groups are well known in the art (eg, Sharpless KB et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 40, 2004 (2015); Bertozzi CR et al.,). Science 291, 2357 (2001); see Bertozzi CR et al., Nature Chemical Biology 1, 13 (2005)).
- the bioorthogonal functional group is a bioorthogonal functional group for the protein.
- a bioorthogonal functional group for a protein is a group that reacts with a predetermined functional group without reacting with the side chains of 20 natural amino acid residues constituting the protein.
- A alanine
- N asparagine
- C cysteine
- C glutamine
- Q glycine
- G isoleucine
- I leucine
- M methionine
- P proline
- S serine
- T tryptophan
- W tyrosine
- V valine
- D glutamic acid
- E arginine
- H histidine
- L lysine
- glycine without a side chain that is, a hydrogen atom
- a side chain that is a hydrocarbon group that is, a group consisting of a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom, and an oxygen atom
- Alanine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, and valine which do not contain selected heteroatoms in the side chain are inactive for normal reactions.
- bioorthogonal functional groups for proteins include asparagine, glutamine, methionine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine in addition to those amino acid side chains that are inactive for normal reactions , A functional group that cannot react with the side chains of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, arginine, histidine, and lysine.
- bioorthogonal functional groups that cannot react with proteins include azide residues, aldehyde residues, thiol residues, alkene residues (in other words, the smallest unit having a double bond between carbon atoms). It suffices to have a certain vinylene (ethenylene) moiety, the same shall apply hereinafter), an alkyne residue (in other words, an ethynylene moiety which is the smallest unit having a carbon-carbon triple bond, and so forth).
- alde residues aldehyde residues, thiol residues
- alkene residues in other words, the smallest unit having a double bond between carbon atoms. It suffices to have a certain vinylene (ethenylene) moiety, the same shall apply hereinafter), an alkyne residue (in other words, an ethynylene moiety which is the smallest unit having a carbon-carbon triple bond, and so forth).
- the antibody can be a protein that cannot contain free thiols.
- the thiol functions as a bioorthogonal functional group. Therefore, when the target of the affinity substance is an antibody, the bioorthogonal functional group includes a thiol.
- the thiol residue can be an unprotected thiol residue (ie, —SH) or a protected thiol residue.
- Examples of the protecting group for the thiol residue in the protected thiol residue include a hydrocarbon group [eg, alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group (eg, phenyl group, naphthyl group), aryl Alkyl (aralkyl) group], acyl group (eg, acetyl group, propoxy group, butoxycarbonyl group such as tert-butoxycarbonyl group, benzoyl group), arylalkyloxycarbonyl group (eg, fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl group), aryl Examples include an oxycarbonyl group, an arylalkyl (aralkyl) oxycarbonyl group (eg, benzyloxycarbonyl group), an alkylthiol group (t-butylthio group), and an arylthiol group (eg, pyridyldithio group).
- the protected thiol residue may be a disulfide residue.
- the arylalkyl in the arylalkyl (aralkyl) group and the arylalkyl (aralkyl) oxycarbonyl group is one in which one or more (eg, 2, 3, 4, 5) aryls are bonded to alkyl. is there.
- the number of carbon atoms of the protecting group of the thiol residue is, for example, 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 15, even more preferably 1 to 10, particularly preferably 1 to 6. is there.
- the compound represented by formula (I) may contain one or more (eg, two, three, four) bioorthogonal functional groups, preferably One kind of bioorthogonal functional group may be included.
- the bioorthogonal functional group may correspond to any one chemical structure selected from the group consisting of: [Where, R 1f , single or plural R 1g and single or plural R 1h are the same or different and are an atom or group selected from the group consisting of (a) to (g), or an electron withdrawing group, • is a bond. )
- Examples of the atom or group selected from the group consisting of (a) to (g) include the following: (A) a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; (B) a monovalent hydrocarbon group; (C) Aralkyl; (D) a monovalent heterocyclic group; (E) R a —O—, R a —C ( ⁇ O) —, R a —O—C ( ⁇ O) —, or R a —C ( ⁇ O) —O— (R a is a hydrogen atom Or represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group); or (f) NR b R c —, NR b R c —C ( ⁇ O) —, NR b R c —C ( ⁇ O) —O—, or R b —C ( ⁇ O) —NR c — (R b and R c are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group); (G) A group selected from the group
- halogen atom examples and preferred examples of the halogen atom, monovalent hydrocarbon group, aralkyl, monovalent heterocyclic group and monovalent hydrocarbon group in R a to R c in (a) to (g) are as described above.
- the atom or group selected from the group consisting of (a) to (g) is the atom or group of (a) or (b).
- the bioorthogonal functional group is an azide residue, a thiol residue, an alkyne residue, a maleimide residue, and a disulfide residue among the bioorthogonal functional groups described above from the viewpoint of improving reaction efficiency. It may be a group selected from the group consisting of
- Examples of the electron withdrawing group include those described above, and a halogen atom, a boronic acid residue, mesyl, tosyl, and triflate are preferable.
- the compound represented by formula (I) is represented by the following formula (I-1): AL 1 -L 2 -E 1 -E 2 -E 3 -B (I-1) [Where, A and B are the same as in formula (I) L 1 is a bond or a divalent group; L 2 is a leaving group, E 1 is an electrophilic group that is (i) linked to a leaving group and (ii) has the ability to react with a nucleophilic group in an antibody; E 2 is (a) -X—Y— [where X is bonded to E 1 is C (R 1 ) (R 2 ) (where R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom Or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), N (R 3 ) (wherein R 3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), O, S, or Se.
- R 1 is a bond or a divalent group
- L 2 is a leaving group
- E 1 is an electrophilic
- Y bound to E 3 is C (R 4 ) (R 5 ) (wherein R 4 and R 5 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms). is there. Or (b) the following formula (i): (Herein, ring Z is a divalent ring group in which all of the ring-constituting atoms X ′ bound to E 1 and both adjacent ring-constituting atoms are carbon atoms, or the ring-constituting atoms bound to E 1. Is a divalent heterocyclic group in which X ′ is a nitrogen atom, and the ring-constituting atoms on both sides of the nitrogen atom are carbon atoms.
- E 3 is a divalent group when E 2 is —X—Y—, and is a bond or a divalent group when E 2 is a group represented by formula (i),
- the leaving group has the ability to be cleaved from E 1 and eliminated by the reaction between the nucleophilic group and the electrophilic group.
- the compound represented by this may be sufficient.
- the leaving group represented by L 2 is preferably any one of the above (a) to (c). Examples and preferred examples of the leaving group represented by L 2 are also the same as those described in the above (a) to (c).
- the compound represented by formula (I-1) is represented by the following formula (I-2): AL 1 -L 2 -E 1 -XYE 3 -B (I-2) [Where, A, L 1 , X, Y, and B are the same as those of formula (I-1), L 2 is (A) Ring PQ- [wherein ring P is an arylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, a heteroarylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, or a condensed ring.
- 2,5-diketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2,6-diketopiperidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopiperidine, 2-pyridone Q is a group selected from the group consisting of: —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —C ⁇ A group selected from the group consisting of C—CH 2 —O—, —N (OR) —, —N (R) —, and —O—N (R) — (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom) 1 to 6 alkyl).
- the compound represented by formula (I-1) is represented by the following formula (I-3): [Where, A, L 1 , ring Z, ring-constituting atoms X ′, and B are the same as those in formula (I-1), L 2 is (A) Ring PQ- [wherein ring P is an arylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, a heteroarylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, or a condensed ring.
- 2,5-diketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2,6-diketopiperidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopiperidine, 2-pyridone Q is a group selected from the group consisting of: —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —C ⁇ A group selected from the group consisting of C—CH 2 —O—, —N (OR) —, —N (R) —, and —O—N (R) — (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom) 1 to 6 alkyl).
- the compound represented by the formula (I-3) is represented by the following formula (I-4): [Where, A, L 1 , and B are the same as those in the formula (I-1), L 2 represents (a) Ring PQ- [wherein Ring P is arylene optionally substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, heteroarylene optionally substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, 2,5-diketopyrrolidine which may be substituted, 2,6-diketopiperidine which may be condensed, 2-ketopyrrolidine which may be condensed, 2-ketopiperidine which may be condensed , 2-pyridone, and Q is —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —.
- E 1 is a group selected from the group consisting of —C ( ⁇ O) —, —SO 2 —, and —CH 2 —;
- Ring Z is a divalent ring group in which all of the ring member atoms bonded to E 1 and the adjacent ring member atoms are carbon atoms.
- E 3 is a bond or a divalent group. The compound represented by this may be sufficient.
- R 1 to Definitions examples and preferred examples of alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and a group represented by formula (i) (for example, a divalent cyclic group and a divalent heterocyclic group) in R 5 are the same as those described above. The same.
- the definitions, examples and preferred examples of groups such as alkyl having 1 to 6 atoms are also the same as described above.
- An affinity substance for an antibody, a compound having a bioorthogonal functional group, or a salt thereof can be appropriately prepared.
- the compound having an affinity substance for an antibody and a bioorthogonal functional group or a salt thereof is preferably represented by the formula (I), preferably the formula (I-1), more preferably the formula (I-2), (I-3) or It is represented by (I-4).
- the affinity substance (A) for the antibody one having an arbitrary functional group can be appropriately selected. Therefore, by utilizing a reactive group capable of reacting with the functional group, the affinity substance is reacted with a structural unit represented by LEB, and represented by ALEB. Structural units can be prepared. For example, such a reaction can be carried out in a suitable reaction system such as an organic solvent system or an aqueous solution system at an appropriate temperature (eg, about 15 to 200 ° C.). The reaction system may contain a suitable catalyst.
- the reaction time is, for example, 1 minute to 20 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 15 hours, more preferably 20 minutes to 10 hours, and even more preferably 30 minutes to 8 hours.
- the molar ratio (Y / X) of the structural unit (Y) represented by LEB to the affinity substance (X) depends on the type of the structural unit, the affinity substance, and the structural unit. Although it is not particularly limited since it varies depending on the number of sites in the affinity substance to be modified, for example, 0.1 to 50, preferably 0.5 to 40, more preferably 1 to 35. More preferably, it is 2 to 25, and particularly preferably 3 to 15.
- an affinity substance for an antibody and a compound having a bioorthogonal functional group or a salt thereof depends on the specific raw material and the molecular weight of the product.
- electrophoresis e.g, electrophoresis, chromatography (eg, Gel filtration chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, reverse phase column chromatography, HPLC), or mass spectrometry, preferably by mass spectrometry.
- the affinity substance for the antibody and the compound having a bioorthogonal functional group or a salt thereof can be appropriately purified by any method such as chromatography (eg, the above-described chromatography and affinity chromatography).
- any symbol eg, A, L, E, B
- Details of terms represented in relation to the symbols are common to the invention of the compound represented by the above formula (I) or a subordinate concept thereof, or a salt thereof.
- any technical element eg, definition, example and preferred
- a specific group eg, bioorthogonal functional group, divalent group, substituent
- Example can also be made common to those described above. Therefore, these matters can be appropriately incorporated in the invention described later without particularly mentioning them.
- the technical elements of the specific invention described in the invention described later can be used as appropriate as technical elements of the present invention and other inventions.
- the manufacturing method of the antibody which has a biological orthogonal functional group provides the manufacturing method of the antibody which has a biological orthogonal functional group, or its salt containing the following.
- the antibody used in the method for producing an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group is the same as the above-described antibody.
- the antibody is a monoclonal antibody.
- the isotype of the monoclonal antibody include IgG (eg, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4), IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE, and IgY.
- the monoclonal antibody is a full-length antibody or an antibody fragment (eg, F (ab ′) 2 , Fab ′, Fab, Fv, single chain antibody), and a full-length antibody is preferable.
- the antibody is a human antibody, humanized antibody or chimeric antibody having human IgG (eg, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4) in the constant region.
- Ab in formula (II) is the same as the above-described antibody, and is covalently bonded to the electrophilic group in E.
- Examples of the nucleophilic group in the antibody to be covalently bonded to the electrophilic group in E include NH 2 in the side chain of the lysine residue, OH in the side chain of the tyrosine residue, and in the side chain of the serine residue. OH, OH in the side chain of the threonine residue, and SH in the side chain of the cysteine residue.
- E in the formula (II) is the same as E in the above formula (I).
- E can be represented by E 1 -E 2 -E 3 .
- E 1 , E 2 , and E 3 are the same as described above.
- E and E 1 -E 2 -E 3 can be designed to be free of peptide moieties that have potential immunogenicity and are susceptible to hydrolysis in blood.
- the antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group represented by the formula (II) can be used for preparing an antibody having a functional substance that does not have such a problem.
- the electrophilic group at E and the electrophilic group at E 1 are covalently bonded to the nucleophilic group in the antibody.
- Examples of the electrophilic group covalently bonded to the nucleophilic group in the antibody include NH—C ( ⁇ O) —, NH—SO 2 —, and NH—CH 2 — (E.
- the nucleophilic group in the antibody is NH 2 in the side chain of the lysine residue), O—C ( ⁇ O) —, O—SO 2 —, and O—CH 2 — (for covalent bonding to E
- the nucleophilic group in the antibody provided is OH in the side chain of a tyrosine, serine or threonine residue
- S—C ( ⁇ O) — is S—CH 2 —
- the nucleophilic group in the antibody subjected to the covalent bond to SH is SH in the side chain of the cysteine residue.
- Examples of the electrophilic group covalently bonded to the nucleophilic group in the antibody include NH—C ( ⁇ O) — and NH—SO 2 — (the nucleophilic group in the antibody subjected to the covalent bond with E is lysine. (When NH 2 in the side chain of the residue), O—C ( ⁇ O) — and O—SO 2 — (where the nucleophilic group in the antibody subjected to covalent bond with E is on the side of the tyrosine residue.
- NH—C ( ⁇ O) — and NH—SO 2 — wherein the nucleophilic group in the antibody subjected to covalent bonding with E is NH 2 in the side chain of the lysine residue
- NH—C ( ⁇ O) — when the nucleophilic group in the antibody to be covalently bound to E is NH 2 in the side chain of the lysine residue
- NH—C ( ⁇ O) — when the nucleophilic group in the antibody to be covalently bound to E is NH 2 in the side chain of the lysine residue
- B in formula (II) is the same as B in formula (I) above.
- the antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group produced by the production method of the present invention is an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group regioselectively.
- the affinity substance for the antibody and the compound having a bioorthogonal functional group or a salt thereof are represented by the formula (I)
- the bioorthogonal functional group represented by the formula (II) is position-selected.
- Antibody can be produced.
- the antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group in a position-selective manner is preferably an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group only in the constant region, and more preferably an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group only in the Fc region. .
- regioselective or “regioselectivity” refers to binding to a specific amino acid residue in an antibody even though the specific amino acid residue is not ubiquitous in a specific region in the antibody. A given predetermined structural unit is unevenly distributed in a specific region in an antibody. Thus, expressions related to regioselectivity such as “having regioselective”, “regioselective binding”, “binding with regioselectivity”, etc. are target regions containing one or more specific amino acid residues.
- the binding rate or possession rate of a given structural unit in the target region is more significant than the possession rate or binding rate of the structural unit in a non-target region containing a plurality of amino acid residues that are the same as the specific amino acid residue in the target region Means high at a certain level.
- Such regioselective binding or possession is achieved by using a compound containing an affinity substance for the antibody instead of randomly reacting a predetermined structural unit with a specific amino acid residue in the antibody. This can be achieved by the present invention, in which a given structural unit can be preferentially reacted with a specific amino acid residue in a target region therein.
- the antibody (Ab) is a target region consisting of 1 to 50 consecutive amino acid residues [eg, a region consisting of amino acid residues 246 to 248 in the human IgG Fc region, (b) human Specific amino acid residues (eg, lysine residues, tyrosine) in the region consisting of amino acid residues at positions 288 to 290 in the IgG Fc region, or (c) the region consisting of amino acid residues in position 317 in the human IgG Fc region]
- the structure can be bound with more than 30% regioselectivity to one or more specific amino acid residues contained in the target region.
- the position selectivity is preferably 40% or more, more preferably 50% or more, even more preferably 60% or more, particularly preferably 70% or more, 80% or more, 90% or more, 95% or more, 96% or more, 97 % Or more, 98% or more, 99% or more, or 100%.
- the antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group produced by the production method of the present invention can also have a bioorthogonal functional group (that is, a structural unit represented by EB) depending on the number of heavy chains.
- a bioorthogonal functional group that is, a structural unit represented by EB
- An antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group in a position-selective manner is first prepared by converting a compound (ALEB) represented by the formula (I) into an antibody heavy chain via an affinity substance (A) for the antibody. And then reacting the electrophilic group in E with the nucleophilic group in the side chain of a specific amino acid residue in the vicinity of the association site (constant region of the same heavy chain as the antibody heavy chain). Can be manufactured.
- ALEB compound represented by the formula (I) into an antibody heavy chain via an affinity substance (A) for the antibody.
- A affinity substance
- an antibody having a plurality of antibody heavy chains for example, 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 2 in the production method of the present invention
- An antibody having a plurality of structural units represented by EB (or a plurality of structural units in a subordinate concept thereof) in a regioselective manner can be produced.
- an antibody having two antibody heavy chains eg, IgG, IgD, IgE, F (ab ′) 2 antibody, Fc region protein, Fc fusion protein
- Antibodies can be produced that regioselectively have two structural units represented by EB in the same target region of the chain. That is, in an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group, the modification mode by the bioorthogonal functional group can be made the same among a plurality of (eg, two) heavy chains.
- An antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group can also be a homologous or heterologous living body in a plurality (for example, 2 to 5, preferably 2 to 4, more preferably 2 or 3) target regions of one antibody heavy chain. It can have an orthogonal functional group (for example, a structural unit represented by EB).
- the modification mode by the bioorthogonal functional group can be made the same among a plurality of (eg, two) heavy chains.
- the production method of the present invention may also include generating an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group and further modified by subjecting the generated antibody to a specific treatment.
- specific treatment include antibody fragmentation treatment (eg, treatment with a specific protease such as papain or pepsin).
- an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group represented by the above formula (II) can be produced.
- Ab-E 1 -E 2 -E 3 -B (II-1) [Where, Ab is an antibody; E 1 is an electrophilic group linked to a nucleophilic group in the antibody; E 2 is (a) -X—Y— [where X is bonded to E 1 is C (R 1 ) (R 2 ) (where R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom Or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), N (R 3 ) (wherein R 3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), O, S, or Se.
- Y bound to E 3 is C (R 4 ) (R 5 ) (wherein R 4 and R 5 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms). is there. Or (b) the following formula (i): (Herein, ring Z is a divalent ring group in which all of the ring-constituting atoms X ′ bound to E 1 and both adjacent ring-constituting atoms are carbon atoms, or the ring-constituting atoms bound to E 1. Is a divalent heterocyclic group in which X ′ is a nitrogen atom, and the ring-constituting atoms on both sides of the nitrogen atom are carbon atoms.
- E 3 is a divalent group when E 2 is —X—Y—, and is a bond or a divalent group when E 2 is a group represented by formula (i), B is a bioorthogonal functional group. ]
- the compound represented by the formula (I-3) when used as the compound represented by the formula (I-1) in the production method of the present invention, the compound represented by the following formula (II-3) An antibody having the bioorthogonal functional group represented can be produced.
- E 1 is a group selected from the group consisting of —C ( ⁇ O) —, —SO 2 —, and —CH 2 —; E 3 is a bond or a divalent group.
- the bioorthogonality represented by the following formula (II-4) Antibodies having functional groups can be produced.
- Ab, ring Z, and B are the same as in formula (II-1);
- E 1 is a group selected from the group consisting of —C ( ⁇ O) —, —SO 2 —, and —CH 2 —;
- E 3 is a bond or a divalent group.
- a compound having an affinity substance for an antibody and a bioorthogonal functional group or a salt thereof has an electrophilic group at E or an electrophilic group at E 1 , and thus can react with an antibody.
- Such a reaction can be appropriately performed under conditions (mild conditions) that cannot cause protein denaturation / degradation (eg, amide bond cleavage).
- a reaction can be performed at room temperature (eg, about 15 to 30 ° C.) in a suitable reaction system such as a buffer.
- the pH of the buffer is, for example, 5 to 9, preferably 5.5 to 8.5, and more preferably 6.0 to 8.0.
- the buffer may contain a suitable catalyst.
- the reaction time is, for example, 1 minute to 20 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 15 hours, more preferably 20 minutes to 10 hours, and even more preferably 30 minutes to 8 hours.
- the reaction time is, for example, 1 minute to 20 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 15 hours, more preferably 20 minutes to 10 hours, and even more preferably 30 minutes to 8 hours.
- G.I. J. et al. L. Bernardes et al. Chem. Rev. 115, 2174 (2015); J. et al. L. Bernardes et al. , Chem. Asian. J. et al. 4,630 (2009); G. Davis et al. Nat. Commun. 5, 4740 (2014); Wagner et al. , Bioconjugate. Chem. , 25, 825 (2014).
- the molar ratio (Y / X) of the affinity substance for the antibody and the compound having a biological orthogonal functional group or its salt (Y) (Y / X) with respect to the antibody (X) is the affinity substance for the antibody and the biological orthogonality.
- the number of sites (eg, DAR) in an antibody to be modified by a compound having a functional group or a salt thereof and the type of antibody, an affinity substance for the antibody, and a compound having a bioorthogonal functional group or a salt thereof For example, it is 0.1 to 100, preferably 0.5 to 80, more preferably 1 to 70, and even more preferably 2 to 50. Preferably, it is 3-30.
- Confirmation of the production of the antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group depends on the specific raw material and the molecular weight of the product. For example, electrophoresis, chromatography (eg, gel filtration chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, Reverse phase column chromatography (HPLC), or by mass spectrometry, preferably by mass spectrometry.
- the regioselectivity can be confirmed, for example, by peptide mapping.
- Peptide mapping can be performed, for example, by protease (eg, trypsin, chymotrypsin) treatment and mass spectrometry. As the protease, endoprotease is preferable.
- endoproteases include trypsin, chymotrypsin, Glu-C, Lys-N, Lys-C, and Asp-N.
- Confirmation of the number of bioorthogonal functional groups possessed by an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group can be performed, for example, by electrophoresis, chromatography, or mass spectrometry, preferably by mass spectrometry.
- An antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group can be appropriately purified by any method such as chromatography (eg, the above-described chromatography and affinity chromatography).
- the present invention includes a method for producing an antibody having a functional substance or a salt thereof, including the following: I will provide a.
- I will provide a.
- the step (1) can be carried out in the same manner as in the method for producing an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group.
- the functional substance (F) used in the step (2) is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance that imparts an arbitrary function to the antibody, and examples thereof include drugs, labeling substances, and stabilizers. Drug or labeling substance.
- the functional substance may also be a single functional substance or a substance in which two or more functional substances are linked.
- the drug may be a drug for any disease.
- diseases include cancer (eg, lung cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, kidney cancer, liver cancer, thyroid cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, bone cancer, skin cancer, Brain tumor, melanoma), autoimmune disease / inflammatory disease (eg, allergic disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus), cranial nerve disease (eg, cerebral infarction, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), Infection (eg, bacterial infection, viral infection), hereditary / rare disease (eg, hereditary spherocytosis, non-dystrophic myotonia), eye disease (eg, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, Retinitis pigmentosa), bone / orthopedic diseases (eg, osteoarthritis), blood diseases (eg, leukemia, purpura
- the drug is an anticancer agent.
- anticancer agents include chemotherapeutic agents, toxins, radioisotopes or substances containing the same.
- chemotherapeutic agents include DNA damaging agents, antimetabolites, enzyme inhibitors, DNA intercalating agents, DNA cleaving agents, topoisomerase inhibitors, DNA binding inhibitors, tubulin binding inhibitors, cytotoxic nucleosides, A platinum compound is mentioned.
- the toxin include bacterial toxins (eg, diphtheria toxin) and plant toxins (eg, ricin).
- radioisotope examples include a radioisotope of a hydrogen atom (eg, 3 H), a radioisotope of a carbon atom (eg, 14 C), a radioisotope of a phosphorus atom (eg, 32 P), a sulfur atom Radioisotope (eg, 35 S ), yttrium radioisotope (eg, 90 Y), technetium radioisotope (eg, 99m Tc), indium radioisotope (eg, 111 In), iodine atom radioactivity Isotopes (eg, 123 I, 125 I, 129 I, 131 I), radioisotopes of samarium (eg, 153 Sm), radioisotopes of rhenium (eg, 186 Re), radioisotopes of astatine (eg, 211 At), and radioisotopes of bismuth (eg, 212 Bi).
- labeling substances include enzymes (eg, peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, luciferase, ⁇ -galactosidase), affinity substances (eg, streptavidin, biotin, digoxigenin, aptamer), fluorescent substances (eg, fluorescein, fluorescein isothiocyanate, rhodamine). , Green fluorescent protein, red fluorescent protein), luminescent material (eg, luciferin, aequorin, acridinium ester, tris (2,2′-bipyridyl) ruthenium, luminol), radioisotope (eg, those described above) or The substance containing is mentioned.
- enzymes eg, peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, luciferase, ⁇ -galactosidase
- affinity substances eg, streptavidin, biotin, digoxigenin, aptamer
- fluorescent substances eg
- the functional substance is also a high molecular compound, a medium molecular compound, or a low molecular compound, and preferably a low molecular compound.
- a low molecular weight compound means a compound having a molecular weight of 1500 or less.
- the low molecular compound is a natural compound or a synthetic compound.
- the molecular weight of the low molecular weight compound may be 1200 or less, 1000 or less, 900 or less, 800 or less, 700 or less, 600 or less, 500 or less, 400 or less, or 300 or less.
- the molecular weight of the low molecular compound may also be 30 or more, 40 or more, or 50 or more.
- the low molecular weight compound may be a drug or a labeling substance as described above.
- low molecular weight compound examples include amino acids, oligopeptides, vitamins, nucleosides, nucleotides, oligonucleotides, monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, lipids, fatty acids, and salts thereof.
- the functional substance has various functional groups depending on its structure.
- the functional substance has a functional group that easily reacts with the biological orthogonal functional group
- the functional group of the functional substance and the biological orthogonal functional group can be appropriately reacted.
- the functional group that easily reacts with the bioorthogonal functional group may vary depending on the specific type of the bioorthogonal functional group.
- a person skilled in the art can appropriately select an appropriate functional group as a functional group that easily reacts with a bioorthogonal functional group (for example, Bouturera et al., Chem. Rev., 2015, 115, 2174-2195). ).
- Examples of the functional group that easily reacts with the bioorthogonal functional group include an azide residue when the bioorthogonal functional group is an alkyne residue, and the bioorthogonal functional group is an aldehyde residue or a ketone residue. Includes a hydrazine residue.
- the bioorthogonal functional group is a thiol residue, examples thereof include, but are not limited to, a maleimide residue and a disulfide residue.
- the functional substance and the bioorthogonal functional group may be a divalent group containing a triazole residue (which may or may not be condensed with another ring).
- the functional substance and the living body The divalent group containing a moiety generated by a reaction with an orthogonal functional group may be a divalent group containing a hydrazone residue; the bioorthogonal functional group is a thiol residue, and A functional group that easily reacts with an orthogonal functional group is a maleimide residue.
- a divalent group containing a moiety formed by a reaction between a functional substance and a bioorthogonal functional group is a divalent group containing a thiosuccinimide residue Or a divalent group containing a disulfide residue (eg, Boutureira et al., Chem. Rev., 2015, 115, 2174-2195).
- a divalent group containing a triazole residue (which may or may not be condensed with another ring), a divalent group containing a hydrazone residue, a divalent group containing a thiosuccinimide residue, or A divalent group containing a disulfide residue is a preferred example of a divalent group containing a moiety generated by a reaction between a functional substance and a bioorthogonal functional group.
- a functional substance derivatized to have a desired functional group can be used.
- the functional substance is a soluble protein
- a derivatized product having a functional group that the soluble protein does not naturally have can be used.
- Derivatization is common technical knowledge in the field (eg, International Publication No. 2004/010957, US Patent Application Publication No. 2006/0074008, US Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0238649).
- derivatization may be performed using a cross-linking agent as described above.
- derivatization may be performed using a specific linker having the desired functional group.
- such a linker may be capable of separating a functional substance and an antibody by cleavage of the linker in an appropriate environment (eg, intracellular or extracellular).
- linkers examples include peptidyl linkers (eg, intracellular proteases (eg, lysosomes or proteases present in endosomes), extracellular proteases (eg, secreted proteases)) that are cleaved by specific proteases (eg, For example, US Pat. No. 6,214,345; Dubowchik et al., Pharm. Therapeutics 83: 67-123 (1999)), a linker (eg, US Pat. No. 5 622, 929, 5,122, 368; 5,824, 805).
- the linker may be self-immobilizing (eg, WO 02/083180, WO 04/043493, WO 05/112919).
- the derivatized functional substance can also be simply referred to as “functional substance”.
- Ab in formula (III) is the same as the above-described antibody, and is covalently bonded to the electrophilic group in E.
- Examples of the nucleophilic group in the antibody to be covalently bonded to the electrophilic group in E include NH 2 in the side chain of the lysine residue, OH in the side chain of the tyrosine residue, and in the side chain of the serine residue. OH, OH in the side chain of the threonine residue, and SH in the side chain of the cysteine residue.
- E in the formula (III) is the same as E in the above formula (I).
- E can be represented by E 1 -E 2 -E 3 .
- E 1 , E 2 , and E 3 are the same as described above.
- E and E 1 -E 2 -E 3 can be designed to be free of peptide moieties that have potential immunogenicity and are susceptible to hydrolysis in blood.
- an antibody having a functional substance represented by the formula (III) can be suitably used as a medicine.
- the electrophilic group at E and the electrophilic group at E 1 are covalently bonded to the nucleophilic group in the antibody.
- Examples of the electrophilic group covalently bonded to the nucleophilic group in the antibody include NH—C ( ⁇ O) —, NH—SO 2 —, and NH—CH 2 — (E.
- the nucleophilic group in the antibody is NH 2 in the side chain of the lysine residue), O—C ( ⁇ O) —, O—SO 2 —, and O—CH 2 — (for covalent bonding to E
- the nucleophilic group in the antibody provided is OH in the side chain of a tyrosine, serine or threonine residue
- S—C ( ⁇ O) — is S—CH 2 —
- the nucleophilic group in the antibody subjected to the covalent bond to SH is SH in the side chain of the cysteine residue.
- Examples of the electrophilic group covalently bonded to the nucleophilic group in the antibody include NH—C ( ⁇ O) — and NH—SO 2 — (the nucleophilic group in the antibody subjected to the covalent bond with E is lysine. (When NH 2 in the side chain of the residue), O—C ( ⁇ O) — and O—SO 2 — (where the nucleophilic group in the antibody subjected to covalent bond with E is on the side of the tyrosine residue.
- NH—C ( ⁇ O) — and NH—SO 2 — wherein the nucleophilic group in the antibody subjected to covalent bonding with E is NH 2 in the side chain of the lysine residue
- NH—C ( ⁇ O) — when the nucleophilic group in the antibody to be covalently bound to E is NH 2 in the side chain of the lysine residue
- NH—C ( ⁇ O) — when the nucleophilic group in the antibody to be covalently bound to E is NH 2 in the side chain of the lysine residue
- Functional groups that easily react with bioorthogonal functional groups are azide residues, aldehyde residues, thiol residues, alkyne residues, alkene residues, halogen residues, tetrazine residues, nitrone residues, hydroxylamine residues, Nitrile residue, hydrazine residue, ketone residue, boronic acid residue, cyanobenzothiazole residue, allyl residue, phosphine residue, maleimide residue, disulfide residue, thioester residue, ⁇ -halocarbonyl residue, It may be a group selected from the group consisting of an isonitrile residue, a sydnone residue, and a selenium residue.
- the functional substance when the functional substance has a functional group that easily reacts with a bioorthogonal functional group, or is derivatized to have a functional group that easily reacts with a bioorthogonal functional group
- the functional group that easily reacts with the bioorthogonal functional group may be a group selected from the group consisting of the groups represented below. [Where, R 1f , single or plural R 1g and single or plural R 1h are the same or different and are an atom or group selected from the group consisting of the above (i) to (vii), or an electron withdrawing group, -Is a bond to a functional substance. )
- the divalent group containing a moiety generated by the reaction between the functional substance and the bioorthogonal functional group represented by B ′ in formula (III) is (1) the residues mentioned in the above preferred examples Or a divalent group including a triazole residue, a hydrazone residue, or a thiosuccinimide residue, or (2) a non-limiting example, for example, a disulfide residue (this residue Group is the residue mentioned in the above preferred examples), acetal residue, ketal residue, ester residue, carbamoyl residue, alkoxyalkyl residue, imine residue, tertiary alkyloxycarbamate residue, silane Residue, hydrazone-containing residue, phosphoramidate residue, aconityl residue, trityl residue, azo residue, vicinal diol residue, selenium residue, electron withdrawing group Aromatic ring-containing residue, coumarin-containing residues, sulfone-containing residue, an unsaturated bond-containing chain residue
- the divalent group including a moiety generated by the reaction between the functional substance and the bioorthogonal functional group is not particularly limited, and for example, the following: [Where the wavy line orthogonal to the bond indicates the bond produced by the reaction,
- the plurality of R 2a , the plurality of R 2b , and the plurality of R 2c are the same or different and are a hydrogen atom or the above-described substituent; J is —CH 2 —, —O—, or —S—; r is an arbitrary integer of 1 to 4, ⁇ (white circle) indicates a bond to the F-side portion, and ⁇ (black circle) indicates a bond to the B′-side portion.
- ⁇ may represent a bond to the B ′ side portion, and ⁇ may represent a bond to the F side portion.
- the antibody having a functional substance produced in step (2) in the production method of the present invention is an antibody having a functional substance in a position-selective manner.
- the antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group is regioselectively represented by formula (II)
- an antibody having a functional substance regioselectively represented by formula (III) is produced.
- the antibody having a functional substance in a position-selective manner is preferably an antibody having a functional substance only in the constant region, and more preferably an antibody having a functional substance only in the Fc region.
- Antibody (Ab) is a target region consisting of continuous 1 to 50 amino acid residues [eg, region consisting of amino acid residues 246 to 248 in human IgG Fc region, (b) 288 to 288 in human IgG Fc region Specific amino acid residues (eg, lysine residue, tyrosine residue, threonine residue) in the region consisting of amino acid residue at position 290 or (c) the region consisting of amino acid residue at position 317 in human IgG Fc region] , A serine residue, a cysteine residue) and a non-target region other than the target region includes the specific amino acid residue in the target region.
- region consisting of amino acid residues 246 to 248 in human IgG Fc region eg, region consisting of amino acid residues 246 to 248 in human IgG Fc region, (b) 288 to 288 in human IgG Fc region Specific amino acid residues (eg, lysine residue, tyrosine residue,
- the position selectivity is preferably 40% or more, more preferably 50% or more, even more preferably 60% or more, particularly preferably 70% or more, 80% or more, 90% or more, 95% or more, 96% or more, 97 % Or more, 98% or more, 99% or more, or 100%.
- An antibody having a functional substance produced by the production method of the present invention can also have a functional substance (that is, a structural unit represented by EB′-F) depending on the number of heavy chains.
- a functional substance that is, a structural unit represented by EB′-F
- an antibody having a functional substance can be produced from an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group that can have a structural unit represented by EB depending on the number of heavy chains. Therefore, by using an antibody having a plurality of antibody heavy chains (for example, 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 2) in the production method of the present invention, the same target region of a plurality of antibody heavy chains can be used.
- An antibody having a plurality of structural units represented by EB′-F (or a plurality of structural units in its subordinate concept) in a regioselective manner can be produced.
- an antibody having two antibody heavy chains eg, IgG, IgD, IgE, F (ab ′) 2 antibody, Fc region protein, Fc fusion protein
- Antibodies can be produced that regioselectively have two structural units represented by EB′-F in the same target region of the chain. That is, in an antibody having a functional substance, the modification mode by the functional substance can be made the same among a plurality of (eg, two) heavy chains.
- An antibody having a functional substance may also be a homologous or heterogeneous functional substance in a plurality (for example, 2 to 5, preferably 2 to 4, more preferably 2 or 3) of target regions of one antibody heavy chain.
- a structural unit represented by EB′-F for example, a structural unit represented by EB′-F.
- the modification mode by the functional substance can be made the same among a plurality of (eg, two) heavy chains.
- the production method of the present invention may also include generating an antibody having a functional substance and further modified by subjecting the generated antibody to a specific treatment.
- specific treatment include antibody fragmentation treatment (eg, treatment with a specific protease such as papain or pepsin).
- an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group represented by the above formula (II) is produced in the step (1). Then, in the step (2), an antibody having a functional substance group represented by the above formula (III) can be produced.
- the compound represented by the formula (I-1) when used as the compound represented by the formula (I) in the production method of the present invention, in the step (1), the above formula (II-1) In the step (2), an antibody having a functional substance group represented by the following formula (III-1) can be produced. Can do.
- Ab-E 1 -E 2 -E 3 -B′-F (III-1) [Where, Ab is an antibody; E 1 is an electrophilic group linked to a nucleophilic group in the antibody; E 2 is (a) -X—Y— [where X is bonded to E 1 is C (R 1 ) (R 2 ) (where R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom Or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), N (R 3 ) (wherein R 3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), O, S, or Se.
- Y bound to E 3 is C (R 4 ) (R 5 ) (wherein R 4 and R 5 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms). is there. Or (b) the following formula (i): (Herein, ring Z is a divalent ring group in which all of the ring-constituting atoms X ′ bound to E 1 and both adjacent ring-constituting atoms are carbon atoms, or the ring-constituting atoms bound to E 1. Is a divalent heterocyclic group in which X ′ is a nitrogen atom, and the ring-constituting atoms on both sides of the nitrogen atom are carbon atoms.
- E 3 is a divalent group when E 2 is —X—Y—, and is a bond or a divalent group when E 2 is a group represented by formula (i), B ′ is a divalent group containing a moiety generated by a reaction between a functional substance and a bioorthogonal functional group, F is a functional substance.
- the compound represented by formula (I-2) when used as the compound represented by formula (I-1) in the production method of the present invention, in the step (1), the above formula (I II-2) An antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group can be produced, and then, in the step (2), an antibody having a functional substance group represented by the following formula (III-2) Can be manufactured.
- Ab-E 1 -XYE 3 -B′-F (III-2) [Where, Ab, X, Y, B ′ and F are the same as those in the formula (III-1), E 1 is a group selected from the group consisting of —C ( ⁇ O) —, —SO 2 —, and —CH 2 —; E 3 is a divalent group. ]
- an antibody having a functional substance group represented by the following formula (III-4) can be produced.
- E 1 is a group selected from the group consisting of —C ( ⁇ O) —, —SO 2 —, and —CH 2 —; E 3 is a bond or a divalent group.
- An antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group can react with a functional substance via a bioorthogonal functional group. Such a reaction can be appropriately performed under conditions (mild conditions) that cannot cause protein denaturation / degradation (eg, amide bond cleavage) as described above.
- the molar ratio (Z / Y) of the functional substance (Z) to the antibody (Y) having a biological direct functional group is the type of the biological direct functional group, functional substance, and antibody, and modification.
- it is not particularly limited since it varies depending on the number of sites in the antibody to be performed (eg, DAR), etc., for example, 0.1-100, preferably 0.5-80, more preferably 1 ⁇ 70, even more preferably 2 ⁇ 50, and particularly preferably 3 ⁇ 30.
- Confirmation of the production of an antibody having a functional substance depends on the specific raw material and the molecular weight of the product. For example, electrophoresis, chromatography (eg, gel filtration chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, reverse phase) Column chromatography, HPLC), or mass spectrometry, preferably by mass spectrometry.
- the regioselectivity can be confirmed, for example, by peptide mapping.
- Peptide mapping can be performed, for example, by protease (eg, trypsin, chymotrypsin) treatment and mass spectrometry. As the protease, endoprotease is preferable.
- endoproteases include trypsin, chymotrypsin, Glu-C, Lys-N, Lys-C, and Asp-N.
- Confirmation of the number of functional substances possessed by an antibody having a functional substance can be performed, for example, by electrophoresis, chromatography, or mass spectrometry, preferably by mass spectrometry.
- An antibody having a functional substance can be appropriately purified by any method such as chromatography (eg, the above-described chromatography and affinity chromatography).
- the present invention provides an antibody or a salt thereof having a bioorthogonal functional group or a functional substance, or a salt thereof, regioselectively having a bioorthogonal functional group or a functional substance.
- the antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group or a salt thereof is an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group represented by the above formula (II-1).
- an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group represented by the above formula (II-1) the bioorthogonal functional group represented by the above formula (II-2) or (II-3) is preferably used.
- An antibody having a regioselective position is provided. More preferably, the antibody having the bioorthogonal functional group represented by the above formula (II-3) is regioselectively selected as the antibody having the bioorthogonal functional group represented by the above formula (II-3).
- An antibody is provided.
- the antibody having a functional substance regioselectively or a salt thereof is an antibody having a functional substance represented by the above formula (III-1) regioselectively.
- the antibody having the functional substance represented by the formula (III-1) is regioselectively selected from the functional substance represented by the formula (III-2) or (III-3).
- An antibody is provided. More preferably, an antibody having a functional substance represented by the formula (III-4) is provided as an antibody having a functional substance represented by the formula (III-3). Is done.
- the antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group or a functional substance regioselectively is the same as the above-described antibody.
- such an antibody is a monoclonal antibody.
- the isotype of the monoclonal antibody include IgG (eg, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4), IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE, and IgY.
- the monoclonal antibody is a full-length antibody or an antibody fragment (eg, F (ab ′) 2 , Fab ′, Fab, Fv, single chain antibody), and a full-length antibody is preferable.
- such an antibody is a human antibody, humanized antibody or chimeric antibody having human IgG (eg, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4) in the constant region.
- the antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group or a functional substance regioselectively is preferably an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group or a functional substance only in the constant region of the antibody, more preferably an Fc region of the antibody. Only an antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group or a functional substance.
- An antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group or a functional substance regioselectively has a target region consisting of 1 to 50 consecutive amino acid residues [eg, (a) amino acid residues at positions 246 to 248 in the human IgG Fc region. Specific amino acid residues in (b) a region consisting of amino acid residues 288 to 290 in the human IgG Fc region, or (c) a region consisting of amino acid residues 317 in the human IgG Fc region].
- a bioorthogonal functional group or functional substance is added to one or more specific amino acid residues contained in the target region. It can have 0% or more regioselectivity.
- the position selectivity is preferably 40% or more, more preferably 50% or more, even more preferably 60% or more, particularly preferably 70% or more, 80% or more, 90% or more, 95% or more, 96% or more, 97 % Or more, 98% or more, 99% or more, or 100%.
- An antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group or a functional substance regioselectively also has a bioorthogonal functional group (ie, a structural unit represented by EB) or a functional substance (depending on the number of heavy chains). That is, it can have a structural unit represented by EB′-F.
- An antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group or a functional substance regioselectively has a plurality of antibody heavy chains when it has a plurality of antibody heavy chains (for example, 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 2). It can have bioorthogonal functional groups or functional substances regioselectively in the same target region of the chain.
- the modification mode by the bioorthogonal functional group or the functional substance can be made the same among a plurality of (eg, two) heavy chains it can.
- An antibody having a bioorthogonal functional group or a functional substance regioselectively also has multiple (eg 2-5, preferably 2-4, more preferably 2 or 3) targets of one antibody heavy chain. In the region, it has the same or different bioorthogonal functional group (for example, a structural unit represented by EB) or the same or different functional substance (for example, a structural unit represented by EB′-F). be able to.
- the modification mode by the bio-orthogonal functional group or the functional substance is made the same among a plurality of (eg, two) heavy chains. Can do.
- the present invention provides an affinity substance for an antibody and a compound having a functional substance or a salt thereof represented by the formula (IV).
- AL-E-F (IV) [Where, A is an affinity substance for an antibody, L is a divalent group containing a leaving group, E is a divalent group comprising an electrophilic group (i) linked to the leaving group and (ii) capable of reacting with a nucleophilic group in the antibody; F is a functional substance, The leaving group has the ability to be cleaved from E by the reaction between the nucleophilic group and the electrophilic group. ]
- an affinity substance for an antibody, and a compound having a functional substance or a salt thereof an affinity substance for an antibody (A), a divalent group containing a leaving group (L), a divalent group containing an electrophilic group (
- E) and the functional substance (F) are the same as those described above. Therefore, in the compound having an affinity substance for an antibody and a functional substance or a salt thereof, A, L, and E are the affinity substance for the antibody, and a compound having a bioorthogonal functional group or a salt thereof (for example, the formula (See (I)), and can be specified in the same manner as A, L, and E.
- F is specified in the same manner as F in the antibody having a functional substance or a salt thereof (see, for example, formula (III)). Can do.
- the compound represented by formula (IV) is represented by the following formula (IV-1): AL 1 -L 2 -E 1 -E 2 -E 3 -F (IV-1) [Where, A and F are the same as in formula (IV) L 1 is a bond or a divalent group; L 2 is a leaving group, E 1 is an electrophilic group that is (i) linked to a leaving group and (ii) has the ability to react with a nucleophilic group in an antibody; E 2 is (a) -X—Y— [where X is bonded to E 1 is C (R 1 ) (R 2 ) (where R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom Or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), N (R 3 ) (wherein R 3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), O, S, or Se.
- Y bound to E 3 is C (R 4 ) (R 5 ) (wherein R 4 and R 5 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms). is there. Or (b) the following formula (i): (Herein, ring Z is a divalent ring group in which all of the ring-constituting atoms X ′ bound to E 1 and both adjacent ring-constituting atoms are carbon atoms, or the ring-constituting atoms bound to E 1. Is a divalent heterocyclic group in which X ′ is a nitrogen atom, and the ring-constituting atoms on both sides of the nitrogen atom are carbon atoms.
- E 3 is a divalent group when E 2 is —X—Y—, and is a bond or a divalent group when E 2 is a group represented by formula (i),
- the leaving group has the ability to be cleaved from E 1 and eliminated by the reaction between the nucleophilic group and the electrophilic group.
- the compound represented by this may be sufficient.
- the compound represented by formula (IV-1) is represented by the following formula (IV-2): AL 1 -L 2 -E 1 -XYE 3 -F (IV-2) [Where, A, L 1 , X, Y and F are the same as those of formula (IV-1), L 2 is (A) Ring PQ- [wherein ring P is an arylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, a heteroarylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, or a condensed ring.
- 2,5-diketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2,6-diketopiperidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopiperidine, 2-pyridone Q is a group selected from the group consisting of: —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —C ⁇ A group selected from the group consisting of C—CH 2 —O—, —N (OR) —, —N (R) —, and —O—N (R) — (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom) 1 to 6 alkyl).
- the compound represented by formula (IV-1) is represented by the following formula (IV-3): [Where, A, L 1 , ring Z, ring-constituting atoms X ′ and F are the same as those in formula (IV-1), L 2 is (A) Ring PQ- [wherein ring P is an arylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, a heteroarylene which may be substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, or a condensed ring.
- 2,5-diketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2,6-diketopiperidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopyrrolidine, optionally condensed 2-ketopiperidine, 2-pyridone Q is a group selected from the group consisting of: —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —, —C ⁇ A group selected from the group consisting of C—CH 2 —O—, —N (OR) —, —N (R) —, and —O—N (R) — (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon atom) 1 to 6 alkyl).
- the compound represented by the formula (IV-3) is represented by the following formula (IV-4): [Where, A, L 1 and F are the same as those in formula (IV-1), L 2 represents (a) Ring PQ- [wherein Ring P is arylene optionally substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, heteroarylene optionally substituted with an electron-withdrawing group, 2,5-diketopyrrolidine which may be substituted, 2,6-diketopiperidine which may be condensed, 2-ketopyrrolidine which may be condensed, 2-ketopiperidine which may be condensed , 2-pyridone, and Q is —O—, —S—, —Se—, —SO 2 —O—, —SO 2 —N (R) —, —SO 2 —.
- E 1 is a group selected from the group consisting of —C ( ⁇ O) —, —SO 2 —, and —CH 2 —;
- Ring Z is a divalent ring group in which all of the ring member atoms bonded to E 1 and the adjacent ring member atoms are carbon atoms.
- E 3 is a bond or a divalent group. The compound represented by this may be sufficient.
- the definitions, examples and preferred examples of groups such as alkyl having 1 to 6 atoms are also the same as described above.
- the compound having an affinity substance for an antibody and a functional substance or a salt thereof is the same as described above for the compound having an affinity substance for an antibody and a bioorthogonal functional group or a salt thereof via a bioorthogonal functional group. It can be appropriately prepared by reacting with a functional substance. Such a reaction can be carried out in an appropriate reaction system such as an organic solvent system or an aqueous solution system at an appropriate temperature (eg, about 15 to 200 ° C.). The reaction system may contain a suitable catalyst.
- the reaction time is, for example, 1 minute to 20 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 15 hours, more preferably 20 minutes to 10 hours, and even more preferably 30 minutes to 8 hours.
- the molar ratio (Y / X) of the affinity substance for the antibody with respect to the functional substance (X) and the compound having a biological orthogonal functional group or a salt thereof is the kind of the structural unit and the affinity substance, although it is not particularly limited because it varies depending on the number of sites in the affinity substance to be modified by the structural unit, for example, 0.01 to 100, preferably 0.05 to 20, more preferably Is 0.1-10.
- Confirmation of the production of a compound having an affinity substance for an antibody and a functional substance or a salt thereof depends on the specific raw material and the molecular weight of the product. For example, electrophoresis, chromatography (eg, gel filtration) Chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, reverse phase column chromatography, HPLC) or mass spectrometry, preferably by mass spectrometry.
- a compound having an affinity substance for an antibody and a functional substance or a salt thereof can be appropriately purified by an arbitrary method such as chromatography (eg, the above-described chromatography and affinity chromatography).
- the present invention provides a method for producing antibody having functional substance or salt thereof, comprising: To do.
- the antibody having a functional substance produced by the production method of the present invention is an antibody having a functional substance in a position-selective manner.
- an antibody represented by the formula (V) having a functional substance in a position-selective manner can be produced.
- the antibody having a functional substance in a position-selective manner is preferably an antibody having a functional substance only in the constant region, and more preferably an antibody having a functional substance only in the Fc region.
- Antibody (Ab) is a target region consisting of continuous 1 to 50 amino acid residues [eg, region consisting of amino acid residues 246 to 248 in human IgG Fc region, (b) 288 to 288 in human IgG Fc region Specific amino acid residues (eg, lysine residue, tyrosine residue, threonine residue) in the region consisting of amino acid residue at position 290 or (c) the region consisting of amino acid residue at position 317 in human IgG Fc region] , A serine residue, a cysteine residue) and a non-target region other than the target region includes the specific amino acid residue in the target region.
- region consisting of amino acid residues 246 to 248 in human IgG Fc region eg, region consisting of amino acid residues 246 to 248 in human IgG Fc region, (b) 288 to 288 in human IgG Fc region Specific amino acid residues (eg, lysine residue, tyrosine residue,
- the position selectivity is preferably 40% or more, more preferably 50% or more, even more preferably 60% or more, particularly preferably 70% or more, 80% or more, 90% or more, 95% or more, 96% or more, 97 % Or more, 98% or more, 99% or more, or 100%.
- An antibody having a functional substance produced by the production method of the present invention can also have a functional substance (that is, a structural unit represented by EF) depending on the number of heavy chains. Therefore, by using an antibody having a plurality of antibody heavy chains (for example, 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 2) in the production method of the present invention, the same target region of a plurality of antibody heavy chains can be used. An antibody having a plurality of structural units represented by EF (or a plurality of structural units in a subordinate concept thereof) in a regioselective manner can be produced.
- EF structural unit represented by EF
- Antibodies can be produced that regioselectively have two structural units represented by EF in the same target region of the chain. That is, in an antibody having a functional substance, the modification mode by the functional substance can be made the same among a plurality of (eg, two) heavy chains.
- An antibody having a functional substance may also be a homologous or heterogeneous functional substance in a plurality (for example, 2 to 5, preferably 2 to 4, more preferably 2 or 3) of target regions of one antibody heavy chain. (For example, a structural unit represented by EF).
- an antibody having a functional substance can have the same mode of modification by the functional substance between multiple (eg, two) heavy chains.
- the production method of the present invention may also include generating an antibody having a functional substance and further modified by subjecting the generated antibody to a specific treatment.
- specific treatment include antibody fragmentation treatment (eg, treatment with a specific protease such as papain or pepsin).
- the functional substance represented by the following formula (V-1) can be produced.
- Ab-E 1 -E 2 -E 3 -F (V-1) [Where, Ab is an antibody; E 1 , E 2 , E 3 and F are the same as those in the above formula (IV-1). ]
- the compound having an affinity substance for an antibody and a functional substance or a salt thereof can react with the antibody.
- Such a reaction can be appropriately performed under conditions (mild conditions) that cannot cause protein denaturation / degradation (eg, amide bond cleavage).
- a reaction can be performed at room temperature (eg, about 15 to 30 ° C.) in a suitable reaction system such as a buffer.
- the pH of the buffer is, for example, 5 to 9, preferably 5.5 to 8.5, and more preferably 6.0 to 8.0.
- the buffer may contain a suitable catalyst.
- the reaction time is, for example, 1 minute to 20 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 15 hours, more preferably 20 minutes to 10 hours, and even more preferably 30 minutes to 8 hours.
- the reaction time is, for example, 1 minute to 20 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 15 hours, more preferably 20 minutes to 10 hours, and even more preferably 30 minutes to 8 hours.
- G.I. J. et al. L. Bernardes et al. Chem. Rev. 115, 2174 (2015); J. et al. L. Bernardes et al. , Chem. Asian. J. et al. 4,630 (2009); G. Davis et al. Nat. Commun. 5, 4740 (2014); Wagner et al. , Bioconjugate. Chem. , 25, 825 (2014).
- the molar ratio (Y / X) of the affinity substance for the antibody and the compound having the functional substance or the salt (Y) (Y / X) with respect to the antibody (X) is the affinity substance for the antibody and the functional substance group.
- a salt thereof and the type of antibody, an affinity substance for the antibody, and the number of sites in the antibody to be modified by the compound having a biological orthogonal functional group or a salt thereof eg, DAR
- it is 0.1 to 100, preferably 0.5 to 80, more preferably 1 to 70, even more preferably 2 to 50, and particularly preferably 3 to 100. ⁇ 30.
- Confirmation of the production of an antibody having a functional substance depends on the specific raw material and the molecular weight of the product. For example, electrophoresis, chromatography (eg, gel filtration chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, reverse phase) Column chromatography, HPLC), or mass spectrometry, preferably by mass spectrometry.
- the regioselectivity can be confirmed, for example, by peptide mapping.
- Peptide mapping can be performed, for example, by protease (eg, trypsin, chymotrypsin) treatment and mass spectrometry. As the protease, endoprotease is preferable.
- endoproteases include trypsin, chymotrypsin, Glu-C, Lys-N, Lys-C, and Asp-N.
- Confirmation of the number of functional group possessed by an antibody having a functional group can be performed by, for example, electrophoresis, chromatography, or mass spectrometry, preferably by mass spectrometry.
- An antibody having a functional group can be appropriately purified by any method such as chromatography (eg, the above-described chromatography and affinity chromatography).
- examples of the salt include a salt with an inorganic acid, a salt with an organic acid, a salt with an inorganic base, a salt with an organic base, and a salt with an amino acid.
- examples of the salt with an inorganic acid include salts with hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid.
- Examples of salts with organic acids include formic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, malic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid. Of the salt.
- Examples of the salt with an inorganic base include alkali metals (eg, sodium, potassium), alkaline earth metals (eg, calcium, magnesium), and other metals such as zinc and aluminum, and salts with ammonium.
- Examples of the salt with an organic base include salts with trimethylamine, triethylamine, propylenediamine, ethylenediamine, pyridine, ethanolamine, monoalkylethanolamine, dialkylethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.
- Examples of salts with amino acids include salts with basic amino acids (eg, arginine, histidine, lysine, ornithine) and acidic amino acids (eg, aspartic acid, glutamic acid).
- the salt is preferably a salt with an inorganic acid (eg, hydrogen chloride) or an organic acid (eg, trifluoroacetic acid).
- the affinity substance for an antibody and the compound of the present invention having a bioorthogonal functional group or a salt thereof are useful for, for example, regioselective modification of an antibody with a bioorthogonal functional group. Accordingly, the present invention provides a reagent for regioselective modification of an antibody with a bioorthogonal functional group, comprising an affinity substance for the antibody and a compound having a bioorthogonal functional group or a salt thereof.
- the compound of the present invention having an affinity substance for an antibody and a functional substance or a salt thereof is useful for, for example, regioselective modification of an antibody with a functional substance.
- the present invention provides a reagent for regioselective modification of an antibody with a functional substance, comprising an affinity substance for the antibody and a compound having a functional substance or a salt thereof.
- affinity substance for the antibody and the compound having a functional substance or a salt thereof for example, definitions, examples and preferred examples
- the regioselective modification reagent of the antibody with the functional substance are the same as those described above. .
- the regioselective modification reagent of the present invention may be provided in the form of a composition further containing other components.
- other components include solutions and stabilizers (eg, antioxidants and preservatives).
- an aqueous solution is preferable.
- the aqueous solution include water (eg, distilled water, sterilized distilled water, purified water, physiological saline), buffer solution (eg, phosphoric acid aqueous solution, Tris-hydrochloric acid buffer solution, carbonate-bicarbonate buffer solution, boric acid aqueous solution). Glycine-sodium hydroxide buffer, citrate buffer), and the buffer is preferred.
- the pH of the solution is, for example, 5.0 to 9.0, preferably 5.5 to 8.5.
- the regioselective modifying reagent of the present invention can be provided in liquid or powder form (eg, lyophilized powder).
- An antibody or a salt thereof having a bioorthogonal functional group regioselectively is useful as an intermediate in the preparation of an antibody or a salt thereof regioselectively having a functional substance, for example.
- the antibody having a functional substance regioselectively or a salt thereof is particularly useful as a medicine or a reagent (eg, diagnostic agent, research reagent), for example, as a medicine.
- a medicine or a reagent eg, diagnostic agent, research reagent
- ADC antibody-drug conjugate
- the antibody of the present invention or a salt thereof having a functional substance regioselectively can solve such a problem of regulation. Therefore, the antibody of the present invention or a salt thereof having a functional substance regioselectively may be provided in the form of a pharmaceutical composition.
- a pharmaceutical composition may contain a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in addition to the antibody or a salt thereof having a functional substance regioselectively.
- pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include sucrose, starch, mannitol, sorbit, lactose, glucose, cellulose, talc, calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, and other excipients, cellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, polypropylpyrrolidone.
- Formulations suitable for oral administration include a solution in which an effective amount of a ligand is dissolved in a diluent such as water, saline, orange juice, a capsule containing an effective amount of the ligand as a solid or granule, a sachet or Examples thereof include tablets, suspensions in which an effective amount of an active ingredient is suspended in a suitable dispersion medium, and emulsions in which a solution in which an effective amount of an active ingredient is dissolved is dispersed in an appropriate dispersion medium and emulsified.
- a diluent such as water, saline, orange juice
- a capsule containing an effective amount of the ligand as a solid or granule a sachet or Examples thereof include tablets, suspensions in which an effective amount of an active ingredient is suspended in a suitable dispersion medium, and emulsions in which a solution in which an effective amount of an active ingredient is dissolved is dispersed in an appropriate dispersion medium
- the pharmaceutical composition is suitable for parenteral administration (eg, intravenous injection, subcutaneous injection, intramuscular injection, local injection, intraperitoneal administration).
- Such pharmaceutical compositions suitable for parenteral administration include aqueous and non-aqueous isotonic sterile injection solutions, which include antioxidants, buffers, antibacterial agents, isotonic agents. Etc. may be included.
- Aqueous and non-aqueous sterile suspensions are also included, which may contain suspending agents, solubilizers, thickeners, stabilizers, preservatives and the like.
- the dosage of the pharmaceutical composition varies depending on the type and activity of the active ingredient, the severity of the disease, the animal species to be administered, the drug acceptability of the administration target, the body weight, the age, etc., but can be appropriately set.
- Example 1 Synthesis of IgG1 Fc affinity substance
- a linear peptide serving as a precursor is obtained by the method described above, and then shown as follows. It was synthesized by the method. Tens of mg of the obtained precursor was dissolved in 1 mL of DMSO, 100 ⁇ L of NH 3 / MeOH and 10 ⁇ L of H 2 O 2 were added, and the mixture was stirred overnight. After confirming the completion of the reaction by LCMS, the product was purified by preparative HPLC to obtain the target affinity peptide.
- a linear peptide as a precursor is obtained by the method shown above, and then the following method is used. And synthesized. Dozens of mg of the obtained precursor was dissolved in 20 mL of 0.1 M Tris-HCl Buffer (pH 8.00), glutathione oxidation type 5.0 eq was added, and the mixture was stirred overnight. After confirming the completion of the reaction by LCMS, the product was purified by preparative HPLC to obtain the target affinity peptide.
- N, N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide 113 mg, 0.546 mmol
- 1-hydroxybenzotriazole monohydrate 78.1 mg, 0.546 mmol
- 4-pentynoic acid 53.6 mg, 0.546 mmol
- 12-amino-dodecanol (0.100 g, 0.497 mmol) was added and stirred at room temperature for 4 hours.
- the reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with water and brine, sodium sulfate was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 5 min.
- reaction solution was washed with water and ethyl acetate, and the aqueous phase was recovered.
- a 6M hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added to the aqueous phase to adjust the pH of the system to 3.0, followed by liquid separation extraction with ethyl acetate, and then the organic phase was washed with brine and then anhydrous magnesium sulfate was added for 5 minutes. I put it. Magnesium sulfate was removed by filtration and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product, which was then purified by silica gel column chromatography.
- reaction solution was washed with water and ethyl acetate, and the aqueous phase was recovered.
- a 6M hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added to the aqueous phase to adjust the pH of the system to 3.0, followed by liquid separation extraction with ethyl acetate, and then the organic phase was washed with brine and then anhydrous magnesium sulfate was added for 5 minutes. I put it. Magnesium sulfate was removed by filtration and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product, which was then purified by silica gel column chromatography.
- Example 4 Regioselective maleimide introduction and analysis into anti-HER2 IgG antibody trastuzumab
- 4-1) Synthesis of peptide reagent having thiol
- Compound 25 is not an affinity peptide, but a model peptide compound instead of a drug to be introduced via a maleimide group to an antibody having a maleimide which is a bioorthogonal functional group regioselectively.
- the solvent of the reaction solution was replaced with 20 mM acetate buffer (pH 4.5) by ultrafiltration (Amicon Ultra, 10K MWCO).
- the affinity peptide reagent was removed by repeating the same operation three times to obtain a modified IgG antibody trastuzumab-maleimide.
- IgG antibody trastuzumab-maleimide modified product was obtained by concentration by ultrafiltration (Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO).
- Example 5 Synthesis of antibody modifying reagent loaded with azide
- 5-1 Synthesis of an antibody modifying reagent (Comparative Example compound) having a hetero atom at the ⁇ -position of the antibody modifying group (electrophilic group)
- the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 2) synthesized in Example 1 was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, a solution of N-hydroxymaleimide (20 molar equivalent) in dimethyl sulfoxide was added, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour. After confirming disappearance of the raw material by LC-MS, 11-azido-3,6,9-trioxaundecanoic acid (40 molar equivalent), 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (32 mole) Equivalent) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (32 molar equivalents) were added and stirred for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction was confirmed by LC-MS, it was purified by preparative HPLC. The fraction containing the desired product was confirmed by ESI-MS and then lyophilized to obtain the product azide-PEG-affinity peptide reagent (Compound 26).
- the antibody affinity peptide (compound 3) synthesized in Example 1 was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, a dimethyl sulfoxide solution of N-hydroxymaleimide (20 molar equivalents) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour. After confirming the disappearance of the raw materials by LC-MS, 6-azido-hexanoic acid (40 molar equivalent), 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (32 molar equivalent), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (32 molar equivalents) was added and stirred for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction was confirmed by LC-MS, it was purified by preparative HPLC. The fraction containing the desired product was confirmed by ESI-MS and then lyophilized to obtain the product azido-alkyl-affinity peptide reagent (Compound 27).
- Compound 60 is a comparative compound having a hetero atom at the ⁇ -position of the antibody modifying group (electrophilic group).
- the antibody affinity peptide (compound 3) synthesized in Example 1 was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, a dimethyl sulfoxide solution of N-hydroxymaleimide (20 molar equivalents) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour. After confirming the disappearance of the raw materials by LC-MS, 4-azidobenzoic acid (40 molar equivalent), 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (32 molar equivalent), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole ( 32 molar equivalents) was added and stirred for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction was confirmed by LC-MS, it was purified by preparative HPLC. The fraction containing the desired product was confirmed by ESI-MS and then lyophilized to obtain the product azido-phenyl-affinity peptide reagent (Compound 28).
- Example 3 The antibody affinity peptide synthesized in Example 1 (Compound 3) was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, 2-iminothiolane hydrochloride (10 molar equivalents) and diisopropylethylamine (15 molar equivalents) were added, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour. After confirming the disappearance of the raw material by LC-MS, a dimethyl sulfoxide solution of N-hydroxymaleimide (20 molar equivalent) was added and stirred for 1 hour.
- the antibody modification reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 32) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modifying reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 33) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modifying reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 34) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modification reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 35) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modification reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 36) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modifying reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 37) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modification reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 38) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modification reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 39) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modifying reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 40) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modifying reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 41) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modification reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 42) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modifying reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 43) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modification reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 44) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modifying reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 45) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modification reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 46) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modification reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 47) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modification reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 48) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modifying reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide synthesized in Example 1 (Compound 49) is as follows.
- the antibody modifying reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 50) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modification reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 51) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modifying reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 52) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- the antibody modifying reagent synthesized using the antibody affinity peptide (Compound 53) synthesized in Example 1 is as follows.
- Example 6 Position-specific modification of IgG1 Fc with IgG1 Fc affinity peptide reagent and analysis by ESI-TOFMS] (6-1) Antibody modification reaction with an antibody modifying reagent having a carbon atom at the ⁇ -position of an antibody modifying group (electrophilic group) (6-1-1) Affinity peptide reagent (Compound 27, Compound 59) was used. Antibody modification reaction (azide modified antibodies 1, 2) The affinity peptide reagent (compound 27) loaded with the azide synthesized in Example 5 was dissolved in N, N′-dimethylformamide to give 0.22 mM.
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 59) loaded with azide to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 2).
- the reaction was stopped by adding 50 ⁇ L of a 10 mg / mL Lys aqueous solution to the reaction solution and stirring for 30 minutes. Purify the reaction mixture with Protein A (Aspire Protein A Tips, Thermo), replace the eluate with 9.57 mM PBS buffer (pH 7.0), and concentrate by ultrafiltration (Amicon Ultra, 10K MWCO). Thus, an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azido modified antibody 3) was obtained.
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 61) loaded with azide in the same manner to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 4).
- the reaction was stopped by adding 50 ⁇ L of a 10 mg / mL Lys aqueous solution to the reaction solution and stirring for 30 minutes. Purify the reaction mixture with Protein A (Aspire Protein A Tips, Thermo), replace the eluate with 9.57 mM PBS buffer (pH 7.0), and concentrate by ultrafiltration (Amicon Ultra, 10K MWCO). To obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 5).
- an antibody modification reaction was performed using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 62) loaded with azide in the same manner to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 6).
- an antibody modification reaction was performed using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 63) loaded with azide to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 7).
- an antibody modification reaction was performed using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 64) loaded with azide to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 8).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 65) loaded with azide in the same manner to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 9).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 66) loaded with azide to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 10).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 67) loaded with azide to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 11).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 68) loaded with azide to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 12).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 69) loaded with azide to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 13).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 70) loaded with azide to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 14).
- an antibody modification reaction was performed using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 71) loaded with azide to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 15).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 72) loaded with azide in the same manner to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 16).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 73) loaded with azide in the same manner to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 17).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 74) loaded with azide to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 18).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 75) loaded with azide to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 19).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 76) loaded with azide in the same manner to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 20).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 77) loaded with azide to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 21).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 78) loaded with azide to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 22).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 79) loaded with azide to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 23).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 80) loaded with azide in the same manner to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 24).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound F81) loaded with azide by the same method to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 25).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 82) loaded with azide in the same manner to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 26).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using an affinity peptide reagent (compound 83) loaded with azide to obtain an IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 27).
- the reaction was stopped by adding 50 ⁇ L of a 10 mg / mL Lys aqueous solution to the reaction solution and stirring for 30 minutes. Purify the reaction mixture with Protein A (Aspire Protein A Tips, Thermo), replace the eluate with 9.57 mM PBS buffer (pH 7.0), and concentrate by ultrafiltration (Amicon Ultra, 10K MWCO). Thus, an IgG antibody adalimumab-azide modified product was obtained (Azide modified antibody 28).
- an antibody modification reaction was carried out using anti-RANKL IgG antibody denosumab (Daiichi Sankyo) to obtain an IgG antibody denosumabumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 29).
- an antibody modification reaction was performed using anti-IL-4 / 13 IgG antibody dupilumab (Sanofi) to obtain an IgG antibody dupilumab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 30).
- an antibody modification reaction was performed using anti-CD20 IgG antibody rituximab (Roche) to obtain an IgG antibody rituximab-azide modified product (azide modified antibody 31).
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on azide-modified antibody 2.
- trastuzumab used as a control a heavy chain peak was observed at 50602, 50764, and a light chain peak was observed at 23443.
- light chain peaks were observed at 50742, 50904 in which alkyl azide was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23443, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on azide-modified antibody 4.
- trastuzumab used as a control a heavy chain peak was observed at 50597 and 50758, and a light chain peak was observed at 23441.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50716, 50877 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23441, the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azide-modified antibody 6.
- trastuzumab used as a control a heavy chain peak was observed at 50594 and 5076, and a light chain peak was observed at 23439.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50875 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23439, which was the same as the raw material.
- the ESI-TOFMS analysis results are shown in FIG.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on azide-modified antibody 7.
- trastuzumab used as a control a heavy chain peak was observed at 50594 and 5076, and a light chain peak was observed at 23439.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50713, 50875 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23439, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on azide-modified antibody 8.
- trastuzumab used as a control a heavy chain peak was observed at 50602, 50764, and a light chain peak was observed at 23443.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50721,50883 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23442, which was the same as the raw material.
- the ESI-TOFMS analysis results are shown in FIG.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on azide-modified antibody 9.
- trastuzumab used as a control a heavy chain peak was observed at 50595 and 50757, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- reaction product a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50875 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azido modified antibody 10.
- trastuzumab used as a control a heavy chain peak was observed at 50602, 50764, and a light chain peak was observed at 23443.
- light chain peaks were observed at 50721, 50883 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23443, which was the same as the raw material.
- the ESI-TOFMS analysis results are shown in FIG.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azide-modified antibody 11.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50595 and 50757, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- light chain peaks were observed at 50713, 50874 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azido modified antibody 12.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50595 and 50757, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50876 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azide-modified antibody 13.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50594, 50756, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50876 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azide-modified antibody 14.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50594, 50756, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50876 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azide-modified antibody 15.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50594, 50756, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50876 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- the ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azido modified antibody 16 by the same method.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50594, 50756, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50875 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azide-modified antibody 17.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50595 and 50757, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50876 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azido modified antibody 18.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50594, 50756, and a light chain peak was observed at 23439.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50876 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azide modified antibody 19.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50595 and 50757, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50875 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azide modified antibody 20.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50595 and 50757, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50875 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azide-modified antibody 21.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50595 and 50757, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50876 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- the ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azido modified antibody 22 by the same method.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50595 and 50757, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50875 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azide-modified antibody 23.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50597 and 50759, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50876 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azido modified antibody 24.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50597 and 50759, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50876 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azide-modified antibody 25.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50597 and 50759, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50876 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed for the azide modified antibody 26.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50597 and 50759, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50714, 50876 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azide-modified antibody 27.
- trastuzumab used as a control a heavy chain peak was observed at 50602, 50764, and a light chain peak was observed at 23443.
- light chain peaks were observed at 50721, 50883 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23440, which was the same as the raw material.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on azide modified antibody 29 (denosumab-azide modified antibody).
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50208 and 50371, and a light chain peak was observed at 23487.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50327, 50490 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and at 23487, the same as the raw material.
- FIG. 11 shows the ESI-TOFMS analysis results.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on the azide modified antibody 30 (dupilumab-azide modified antibody).
- the raw material dupilumab used as a control had a heavy chain peak at 50889 and a light chain peak at 24022.
- a light chain peak was observed at 51,099 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 24022, the same as the raw material.
- the ESI-TOFMS analysis results are shown in FIG.
- ESI-TOF MS analysis was also performed on azido modified antibody 31 (rituximab-azide modified antibody).
- rituximab-azide modified antibody azido modified antibody 31
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50515, 50678, and a light chain peak was observed at 23040.
- a light chain peak was observed at 50635,50797 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23040, which was the same as the raw material (FIG. 13).
- the reaction was stopped by adding 50 ⁇ L of a 10 mg / mL Lys aqueous solution to the reaction solution and stirring for 30 minutes. After solvent substitution into PBS solution by ultrafiltration (Amicon Ultra, 10K MWCO), 2.0 ⁇ L of 7 mM tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine hydrochloride solution (100 equivalents to antibody) was added, Left at room temperature for 20 minutes.
- mass was measured by ESI-TOFMS, a heavy chain peak was observed at 50595 and 50757, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440 in the starting material trastuzumab used as a control.
- an antibody modification reaction was performed using a peptide reagent (compound 60) having a hetero base paper at the ⁇ -position.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50602, 50764 and a light chain peak was observed at 23443 of the starting material trastuzumab used as a control.
- a heavy chain peak was observed at 50602 and 50764, and a light chain peak was observed at 23443, and it was confirmed that the antibody modification reaction with compound 60 having a hetero atom at the ⁇ -position did not proceed.
- Example 7 Synthesis of antibody modifying reagent loaded with thiol protector
- (7-1) Synthesis of an antibody modifying reagent (compound 84) by linking a protected thiol reagent and an affinity peptide
- the hydroxymaleimide-affinity peptide (compound 57) synthesized in (3-5-3) was used as a dimethyl sulfoxide solvent.
- Example 8 Position-specific modification of IgG1 Fc with IgG1 Fc affinity peptide reagent loaded with thiol protector and analysis by ESI-TOFMS] (8-1) Antibody Modification Reaction with IgG1 Fc Affinity Peptide Reagent Mounted with Thiol Protector (8-1-1) Antibody Modification Reaction Using Affinity Peptide Reagent (Compound 84) The protected thiol synthesized in Example 7 The loaded affinity peptide reagent (Compound 84) was dissolved in N, N′-dimethylformamide to 2.0 mM.
- IgG antibody trastuzumab-benzoyl protected thiol modified product IgG antibody trastuzumab-benzoyl protected thiol modified product obtained in (8-2-2) was converted to 20 mM ethylenediamine, 0.5 M hydroxylamine aqueous solution. Replaced with (pH 6 preparation) and allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction solution was concentrated by ultrafiltration (Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO) to obtain each IgG antibody trastuzumab-thiol modified product.
- Example 9 Regioselective modification of different target regions of IgG1 Fc with IgG1 Fc affinity peptide reagent and analysis by ESI-TOFMS] (9-1) Regioselective modification of different target regions using two types of affinity peptide reagents stepwise analysis by ESI-TOFMS (9-1-1) Two types of affinity peptide reagents (compound 66, Multiple-site position-specific antibody modification reaction using compound 64) stepwise Affinity peptide reagent (compound 66) loaded with azide synthesized in Example 5 was dissolved in N, N′-dimethylformamide to give 2.04 mM. did.
- a 20 mM equivalent of 2.0 mM N, N′-dimethylformamide solution of the affinity peptide reagent (compound 64) loaded with the azide synthesized in Example 5 was added to the antibody and stirred at 37 ° C. for 16 hours. .
- the reaction was stopped by adding 50 ⁇ L of a 10 mg / mL Lys aqueous solution to the reaction solution and stirring for 30 minutes.
- IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product was obtained by concentration by ultrafiltration (Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO).
- Peptide reagent residues were removed by ultrafiltration (Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO), and the resulting concentrate was diluted with 200 ⁇ L of 50 mM sodium acetate buffer (pH 4.7). 20 mol equivalent of 2.04 mM N, N′-dimethylformamide solution of the affinity peptide reagent (compound 66) loaded with azide synthesized in Example 5 was added to the antibody and stirred at 37 ° C. for 16 hours. . The reaction was stopped by adding 50 ⁇ L of a 10 mg / mL Lys aqueous solution to the reaction solution and stirring for 30 minutes. IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product was obtained by concentration by ultrafiltration (Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO).
- Peptide reagent residue was removed by ultrafiltration (Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO), and the resulting concentrate was diluted with 200 ⁇ L of 50 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7.2).
- a 20 mM equivalent of 2.0 mM N, N′-dimethylformamide solution of the affinity peptide reagent (compound 64) loaded with the azide synthesized in Example 5 was added to the antibody and stirred at 37 ° C. for 16 hours. .
- the reaction was stopped by adding 50 ⁇ L of a 10 mg / mL Lys aqueous solution to the reaction solution and stirring for 30 minutes.
- IgG antibody trastuzumab-azide modified product was obtained by concentration by ultrafiltration (Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO).
- Example 10 Conjugation of regiospecific azide transductant of trastuzumab with any compound and ESI-TOFMS analysis of the product] (10-1) Conjugation of a position-specific azide-introduced trastuzumab with Cy3-cycloalkyne (10-1-1) Conjugation of a position-specific azide-introduced trastuzumab with Cy3-DBCO and ESI-TOFMS analysis The azidobenzoic acid transductant of trastuzumab synthesized in (6-1-2) of Example 6 was dissolved in 20 mM PBS buffer to make 0.3 mM, and then dibenzocycline-Cy3 (0.94 mM, dimethyl sulfoxide from Sigma Aldrich).
- the azide-introduced trastuzumab synthesized in (6-1-1) of Example 6 as a raw material was observed to have a heavy chain peak at 50714 and 50876 and a light chain peak at 23440
- peaks were observed at 51722 and 51585 where Cy3 was introduced into the heavy chain, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440, the same as the starting material (FIG. 20).
- the azide benzoic acid introducer is reduced to an amine benzoic acid introducer by the reduction reaction of 7 mM tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine salt as a pretreatment for measurement.
- the resin was removed by filtration, diethyl ether was added for precipitation, and diethyl ether was removed by decantation to obtain the peptide as crude crystals. This was purified by preparative HPLC to obtain the following compound 30 as a product.
- the azide-introduced trastuzumab synthesized in (6-1-1) of Example 6 as a raw material was observed to have a heavy chain peak at 50714 and 50876 and a light chain peak at 23440,
- peaks were observed at 51941 and 52102 in which the peptide was introduced into the heavy chain, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440, which was the same as the raw material (FIG. 22).
- the azide benzoic acid introducer is reduced to an amine benzoic acid introducer by the reduction reaction of 7 mM tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine salt as a pretreatment for measurement.
- trastuzumab When mass was measured by ESI-TOFMS, trastuzumab was observed to have a peak at 14822, trastuzumab synthesized in (8-3-3) was observed to have a peak at 148243, and the reaction product was m-dPEG ( A peak was observed at 150880 in which two (registered trademark) 24 -MAL were introduced (FIG. 23).
- Example 11 Confirmation of position-specific modification of biologically orthogonal functional group-introduced body of trastuzumab] (11-1) Glycosylation of a bioorthogonal functional group-introduced body of trastuzumab (11-1-1) Glycosylation of azidobenzoic acid-introduced body of trastuzumab (1)
- the azidobenzoic acid transductant of trastuzumab synthesized in Example 6- (6-1-2) (azide-modified antibody 3) was prepared using PNGase F (NEW ENGLAND BioLabs, Catalog No. P0704) using the manufacturer's protocol and patent (WO2017 / In accordance with the method of 19817, sugar chain cleavage and post-treatment were performed.
- the alkyl azide introducer is partially reduced to an alkylamine introducer, and the azidobenzoic acid introducer is reduced to an amine benzoic acid introducer.
- the acetylthiol introducer undergoes carbamidomethylation.
- Example 12 Synthesis of four antibody drug conjugates (ADC), trastuzumab-DM1 and trastuzumab-MMAE, and rituximab-DM1 and rituximab-MMAE (12-1) Conjugation of Trastuzumab Position-Specific Azide Introducer with DBCO-DM1 (12-1-1) Synthesis of Regioselective Trastuzumab-DM1 Conjugate In Example 6- (6-1-2) After 0.9 mg of the azidobenzoic acid transductant (azide antibody 3) of the synthesized trastuzumab was dissolved in 473 ⁇ L of 100 mM PBS, 10 mM EDTA buffer, 51 ⁇ L of N, N′-dimethylacetamide and DBCO-DM1 (manufactured by Abzena, 2 ⁇ L of compound 87) dissolved in N, N′-dimethylacetamide and adjusted to 4 mM was added and stirred at 25 ° C.
- peaks were observed at 51748 and 519097 where DM1 was introduced into the heavy chain, and a light chain peak was observed at 23440, which was the same as the raw material (FIG. 65).
- the azide benzoic acid introducer is reduced to an amine benzoic acid introducer by the reduction reaction of 7 mM tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine salt as a pretreatment for measurement.
- peaks were observed at 51668 and 51831 in which DM1 was introduced into the heavy chain, and a light chain peak was observed at 23040, which was the same as the raw material (FIG. 69).
- the azidobenzoic acid introducer is reduced to an amine benzoic acid introducer by the reduction reaction of 7 mM tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine salt as a pretreatment for measurement.
- peaks were observed at 52071 and 52233 in which MMAE was introduced into the heavy chain, and a light chain peak was observed at 23040, which was the same as the raw material (FIG. 71).
- the azide benzoic acid introducer is reduced to an amine benzoic acid introducer by the reduction reaction of 7 mM tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine salt as a pretreatment for measurement.
- Example 13 Introduction of position-specific payload model of IgG1 Fc with IgG1 Fc affinity peptide reagent loaded with payload model and analysis by ESI-TOFMS] (13-1) Synthesis of Payload Model-Loaded IgG1 Fc Affinity Peptide Reagent (13-1-1) Synthesis of Payload Model-Loaded IgG1 Fc Affinity Peptide Reagent (Compound 89) Antibody Affinity Peptide Synthesized in Example 1 (Compound) 36) was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, 2-iminothiolane hydrochloride (10 molar equivalents) and diisopropylethylamine (15 molar equivalents) were added, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour.
- trastuzumab was observed to have a peak at 148061, and the reaction product was observed to have a peak at 149867 where two Fmoc-dPEG12 were introduced.
- Example 14 Position-specific payload introduction of IgG1 Fc by payload-loaded IgG1 Fc affinity peptide reagent and analysis by ESI-TOFMS] (14-1) Synthesis of MMAE-loaded IgG1 Fc affinity peptide reagent (Compound 91) The Fc affinity peptide reagent (Compound 66) synthesized in Example 5 was dissolved in N, N′-dimethylformamide to a concentration of 0.22 mM. . DBCO-MMAE (manufactured by Abzena, compound 91) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 25 degrees for 16 hours. The disappearance of the raw materials was confirmed by LC-MS, and the product, MMAE-loaded Fc affinity peptide reagent, was obtained.
- Example 15 Position-specific modification of IgG1 Fc with an IgG1 Fc affinity peptide reagent having a linker from a glutamic acid residue and analysis by ESI-TOFMS] (15-1) Synthesis of affinity peptide for antibody Compound 92 was synthesized and obtained by the method shown in (1-1).
- trastuzumab-azide modified product obtained in (15-3) was obtained in (6) Reduction and ESI-TOFMS analysis were performed by the method shown in 2-3-3).
- trastuzumab used as a control a heavy chain peak was observed at 50602, 50764, and a light chain peak was observed at 23443.
- light chain peaks were observed at 50725, 50885, and 23446 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain.
- Example 16 Position-specific modification of IgG1 Fc with IgG1 Fc affinity peptide reagent having thioglycolate as a leaving group and analysis by ESI-TOFMS]
- (16-1) Synthesis of linker (compound 95) having thioglycolate leaving group Dissolving dithiodiglycolic acid in dichloromethane, glycine t-butyl ester (2.2 molar equivalents), N, N-diisopropylamine (4.8 molar equivalents) and 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (2.4 molar equivalents) were added and stirred for 1 hour.
- (16-2) Synthesis of antibody modifying reagent by linking azide reagent and affinity peptide Linker (compound 95) synthesized in (16-1) to antibody affinity peptide (compound 36) synthesized in (1-1) ( 40 molar equivalents), 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (32 molar equivalents) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (32 molar equivalents) were added and stirred for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction was confirmed by LC-MS, it was purified by preparative HPLC. The fraction containing the desired product was confirmed by ESI-MS and then lyophilized to obtain the product azido-phenyl-affinity peptide reagent (Compound 96).
- trastuzumab-azide modified product obtained in (16-3) was obtained in (6) Reduction and ESI-TOFMS analysis were performed by the method shown in 2-3-3).
- trastuzumab used as a control a heavy chain peak was observed at 50602, 50764, and a light chain peak was observed at 23443.
- light chain peaks were observed at 50720, 50882 in which amine benzoic acid was introduced into the heavy chain, and 23443, which was the same as the raw material.
- the antibody has also been shown to be capable of regioselective modification of specific amino acid residues, including the following amino acid residues: (1) Lysine residues at positions 246 and / or 248 for example, Examples 11 (11-5-1) and (11-5-3) relating to modification of lysine residues at positions 246 and / or 248 of trastuzumab , (11-5-4), (11-5-7), (11-5-8), (11-5-9), and (11-5-10), position 247 and / or 249 of denosumab Example 11 (11-5-11) for modification of lysine residues at positions (corresponding to lysine residues 246 and / or 248 of human IgG in EU numbering), and positions 251 and / or 253 of dupilumab See Example 11 (11-5-12) for modification of lysine residues (corresponding to lysine residues 246 and / or 248 of human IgG in EU numbering); (2) Lysine residue at position 288 and /
- A is an affinity substance for an antibody
- L is a divalent group containing a leaving group
- E is a divalent group comprising an electrophilic group (i) linked to the leaving group and (ii) capable of reacting with a nucleophilic group in the antibody
- B is a bioorthogonal functional group
- the leaving group has the ability to be cleaved from E by the reaction between the nucleophilic group and the electrophilic group.
- the antibody can be regioselectively modified by appropriately adjusting factors such as the position in the sex substance.
- the present invention is useful for producing, for example, a regioselectively modified antibody.
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Abstract
Description
〔1〕下記式(I):
A-L-E-B (I)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Bは、生体直交性官能基であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩。
〔2〕前記親和性物質がペプチドである、〔1〕の化合物またはその塩。
〔3〕前記ペプチドが、モノクローナル抗体の定常領域に対する結合能を有するペプチドである、〔2〕の化合物またはその塩。
〔4〕前記ペプチドが、モノクローナル抗体のFc領域に対する結合能を有するペプチドである、〔2〕または〔3〕の化合物またはその塩。
〔5〕前記ペプチドが、IgGのFc領域に対する結合能を有するペプチドである、〔4〕の化合物またはその塩。
〔6〕前記ペプチドが、10~40のアミノ酸残基を有する、〔2〕~〔5〕のいずれかの化合物またはその塩。
〔7〕前記ペプチドが、
(a)(a-1-1)FNMQQQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDD(配列番号11)のアミノ酸配列、または、
(a-1-2)FNMQCQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDDC(配列番号12)のアミノ酸配列において、
配列中のいずれかの1~3つのアミノ酸残基が、同一でも異なってもよく、リジン残基、アスパラギン酸残基、およびグルタミン酸残基からなる群より選ばれる各々1つのアミノ酸残基により置換されているか、
(a-2-1)β-Ala-NMQQQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDD(配列番号13)のアミノ酸配列、または、
(a-2-2)β-Ala-NMQCQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDDC(配列番号14)のアミノ酸配列において、
配列中のいずれかの1~3つのアミノ酸残基が、同一でも異なってもよく、リジン残基、アスパラギン酸残基、およびグルタミン酸残基からなる群より選ばれる各々1つのアミノ酸残基により置換されており、かつ
(b)配列番号11~14の前記アミノ酸配列各々に対して85%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を含む、〔2〕~〔6〕のいずれかの化合物またはその塩。
〔8〕前記ペプチドが、
式1-1:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-I-I-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号15)
式1-2:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-I-V-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号16)
式1-3:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-V-V-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号17)
式1-4:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-A-V-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号18)
式1-5:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-L-L-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号19)
式1-6:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-L-I-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号20)
式1-7:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-L-V-F-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号21)
式1-8:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-Q-V-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号22)
式1-9:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-E-V-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号23)
〔式中、
(X0-3)aは、なし、アルギニン残基-グリシン残基-アスパラギン残基、グリシン残基-アスパラギン残基、アスパラギン酸残基、またはアスパラギン残基であり、
(X0-3)bは、なし、スレオニン残基-チロシン残基-ヒスチジン残基、またはスレオニン残基であり、
Xaa1は、アラニン残基であり、
Xaa2は、チロシン残基、トリプトファン残基、またはヒスチジン残基であり、
Xaa3は、ヒスチジン残基、フェニルアラニン残基、チロシン残基、トリプトファン残基、アルギニン残基、またはグリシン残基であり、
Xaa4は、リジン残基、アスパラギン酸残基、またはグルタミン酸残基であり、
Xaa5は、グリシン残基、セリン残基、アスパラギン残基、グルタミン残基、アスパラギン酸残基、グルタミン酸残基、フェニルアラニン残基、チロシン残基、トリプトファン残基、ヒスチジン残基、スレオニン残基、ロイシン残基、アラニン残基、バリン残基、イソロイシン残基、またはアルギニン残基であり、
Xaa6は、グルタミン残基、グルタミン酸残基、アスパラギン残基、またはアスパラギン酸残基である。〕、あるいは
式2-1:(X0-3’)a-C-(Xaa1’)-(Xaa2’)-(Xaa3’)-(Xaa4’)-(Xaa5’)-(Xaa6’)-L-V-W-C-(X0-3’)b(配列番号24)
〔式中、
(X0-3’)aおよび(X0-3’)bはそれぞれ、前記(X0-3)aおよび(X0-3)bと同じであり、
Xaa1’、Xaa2’、Xaa3’、Xaa4’、Xaa5’、Xaa6’はそれぞれ、前記Xaa1、Xaa2、Xaa3、Xaa4、Xaa5、Xaa6と同じである。〕のいずれかのアミノ酸配列を含む、〔2〕~〔6〕のいずれかの化合物またはその塩。
〔9〕前記脱離基が、(1)-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、または(2)ヘテロアリーレンである、〔1〕~〔8〕のいずれかの化合物またはその塩。
〔10〕前記求核基が、リジン残基の側鎖におけるNH2、チロシン残基の側鎖におけるOH、セリン残基の側鎖におけるOH、スレオニン残基の側鎖におけるOH、およびシステイン残基の側鎖におけるSHからなる群より選ばれる基である、〔1〕~〔9〕のいずれかの化合物またはその塩。
〔11〕前記求電子基が、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基である、〔1〕~〔10〕のいずれかの化合物またはその塩。
〔12〕前記生体直交性官能基が、アジド残基、アルデヒド残基、チオール残基、アルキン残基、アルケン残基、ハロゲン残基、テトラジン残基、ニトロン残基、ヒドロキシルアミン残基、ニトリル残基、ヒドラジン残基、ケトン残基、ボロン酸残基、シアノベンゾチアゾール残基、アリル残基、ホスフィン残基、マレイミド残基、ジスルフィド残基、チオエステル残基、α―ハロカルボニル残基、イソニトリル残基、シドノン残基、およびセレン残基からなる群より選ばれる基である、〔1〕~〔11〕のいずれかの化合物またはその塩。
〔13〕前記生体直交性官能基が、アジド残基、チオール残基、アルキン残基、マレイミド残基、およびジスルフィド残基からなる群より選ばれる基である、〔1〕~〔12〕のいずれかの化合物またはその塩。
〔14〕前記式(I)で表される化合物が、下記式(I-1):
A-L1-L2-E1-E2-E3-B (I-1)
〔式中、
AおよびBは、前記式(I)のものと同じであり、
L1は、結合または2価の基であり、
L2は、脱離基であり、
E1は、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基であり、
E2は、(a)-X-Y-〔ここで、E1と結合するXは、C(R1)(R2)(ここで、R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、N(R3)(ここで、R3は、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、O、S、またはSeであり、E3と結合するYは、C(R4)(R5)(ここで、R4およびR5はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、あるいは(b)下記式(i):
E3は、E2が-X-Y-の場合には2価の基であり、E2が式(i)で表される基の場合には結合または2価の基であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりE1から切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される化合物である、〔1〕~〔13〕のいずれかの化合物またはその塩。
〔15〕前記L2が、
(a)環P-Q-〔ここで、環Pが、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいアリーレン、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいヘテロアリーレン、縮環していてもよい2,5-ジケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2,6-ジケトピペリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピペリジン、2-ピリドンからなる群より選ばれる基であり、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、
(b)ヘテロアリーレン、あるいは
(c)-Q-〔ここで、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、〔14〕の化合物またはその塩。
〔16〕前記L2が、下記構造式からなる群より選ばれる基である、〔14〕または〔15〕の化合物またはその塩:
mは、0~4の整数であり、
nは、0~3の整数であり、
Rは、水素原子、または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルであり、
○(白丸)は、L1に対する結合手であり、●(黒丸)は、E1に対する結合手である。)。
〔17〕AとEとを連結するLまたはL1-L2の主鎖が20個以下の原子からなる、〔1〕~〔16〕のいずれかの化合物またはその塩。
〔18〕前記式(I-1)で表される化合物が、下記式(I-2):
A-L1-L2-E1-X-Y-E3-B (I-2)
〔式中、
A、L1、X、Y、およびBは、前記式(I-1)のものと同じであり、
L2は、
(a)環P-Q-〔ここで、環Pが、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいアリーレン、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいヘテロアリーレン、縮環していてもよい2,5-ジケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2,6-ジケトピペリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピペリジン、2-ピリドンからなる群より選ばれる基であり、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、
(b)ヘテロアリーレン、あるいは
(c)-Q-〔ここで、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕であり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、2価の基である。〕で表される化合物である、〔14〕~〔17〕のいずれかの化合物またはその塩。
〔19〕前記式(I-1)で表される化合物が、下記式(I-3):
A、L1、環Z、およびBは、前記式(I-1)のものと同じであり、
L2は、
(a)環P-Q-〔ここで、環Pが、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいアリーレン、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいヘテロアリーレン、縮環していてもよい2,5-ジケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2,6-ジケトピペリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピペリジン、2-ピリドンからなる群より選ばれる基であり、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、
(b)ヘテロアリーレン、あるいは
(c)-Q-〔ここで、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕であり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、結合または2価の基である。〕で表される化合物である、〔14〕~〔17〕のいずれかの化合物またはその塩。
〔20〕下記式(I):
A-L-E-B (I)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Bは、生体直交性官能基であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩を含む、生体直交性官能基による抗体の位置選択的修飾試薬。
〔21〕生体直交性官能基を有する抗体またはその塩の製造方法であって、
下記式(I):
A-L-E-B (I)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Bは、生体直交性官能基であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩を、抗体と反応させて、
下記式(II):
Ab-E-B (II)
〔式中、
EおよびBは、前記式(I)のものと同じであり、
Abは、抗体である。〕で表される、生体直交性官能基を有する抗体またはその塩を生成することを含む、方法。
〔22〕機能性物質を有する抗体またはその塩の製造方法であって、
(1)下記式(I):
A-L-E-B (I)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Bは、生体直交性官能基であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩を、抗体と反応させて、
下記式(II):
Ab-E-B (II)
〔式中、
EおよびBは、前記式(I)のものと同じであり、
Abは、抗体である。〕で表される、生体直交性官能基を有する抗体またはその塩を生成すること;ならびに
(2)前記式(II)で表される、生体直交性官能基を有する抗体またはその塩を、生体直交性官能基を介して機能性物質と反応させて、
下記式(III):
Ab-E-B’-F (III)
〔式中、
Abは、前記式(II)のものと同じであり、
Eは、前記式(I)のものと同じであり、
B’は、機能性物質と生体直交性官能基との間の反応により生成する部分を含む2価の基であり、
Fは、機能性物質である。〕で表される、機能性物質を有する抗体またはその塩を生成することを含む、方法。
〔23〕下記式(II-1):
Ab-E1-E2-E3-B (II-1)
〔式中、
Abは、抗体であり、
E1は、抗体中の求核基と連結している求電子基であり、
E2は、(a)-X-Y-〔ここで、E1と結合するXは、C(R1)(R2)(ここで、R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、N(R3)(ここで、R3は、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、O、S、またはSeであり、E3と結合するYは、C(R4)(R5)(ここで、R4およびR5はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、あるいは(b)下記式(i):
E3は、E2が-X-Y-の場合には2価の基であり、E2が式(i)で表される基の場合には結合または2価の基であり、
Bは、生体直交性官能基である。〕で表される、生体直交性官能基を位置選択的に有する抗体またはその塩。
〔24〕前記抗体が、モノクローナル抗体の定常領域のみに生体直交性官能基を有する抗体である、〔23〕の抗体またはその塩。
〔25〕前記抗体が、モノクローナル抗体のFc領域のみに生体直交性官能基を有する抗体である、〔23〕または〔24〕の抗体またはその塩。
〔26〕前記抗体が、ヒトIgG Fc領域における246~248位または288~290位のアミノ酸残基からなる領域において、生体直交性官能基を位置選択的に有するヒトIgGである、〔23〕~〔25〕のいずれかの抗体またはその塩。
〔27〕前記式(II-1)で表される前記抗体が、下記式(II-2):
Ab-E1-X-Y-E3-B (II-2)
〔式中、
Ab、X、Y、およびBは、前記式(II-1)のものと同じであり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、2価の基である。〕で表される、生体直交性官能基を位置選択的に有する抗体である、〔23〕~〔26〕のいずれかの抗体またはその塩。
〔28〕前記式(II-1)で表される前記抗体が、下記式(II-3):
Ab、環構成原子X’、環Z、およびBは、前記式(II-1)のものと同じであり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、結合または2価の基である。〕で表される、生体直交性官能基を位置選択的に有する抗体である、〔23〕~〔26〕のいずれかの抗体またはその塩。
〔29〕下記式(III-1):
Ab-E1-E2-E3-B’-F (III-1)
〔式中、
Abは、抗体であり、
E1は、抗体中の求核基と連結している求電子基であり、
E2は、(a)-X-Y-〔ここで、E1と結合するXは、C(R1)(R2)(ここで、R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、N(R3)(ここで、R3は、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、O、S、またはSeであり、E3と結合するYは、C(R4)(R5)(ここで、R4およびR5はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、あるいは(b)下記式(i):
E3は、E2が-X-Y-の場合には2価の基であり、E2が式(i)で表される基の場合には結合または2価の基であり、
B’は、機能性物質と生体直交性官能基との間の反応により生成する部分を含む2価の基であり、
Fは、機能性物質である。〕で表される、機能性物質を位置選択的に有する抗体またはその塩。
〔30〕前記抗体が、モノクローナル抗体の定常領域のみに生体直交性官能基を有する抗体である、〔29〕の抗体またはその塩。
〔31〕前記抗体が、モノクローナル抗体のFc領域のみに生体直交性官能基を有する抗体である、〔29〕または〔30〕の抗体またはその塩。
〔32〕前記抗体が、ヒトIgG Fc領域における246~248位または288~290位のアミノ酸残基からなる領域において、機能性物質を位置選択的に有するヒトIgGである、〔29〕~〔31〕のいずれかの抗体またはその塩。
〔33〕前記式(III-1)で表される前記抗体が、下記式(III-2):
Ab-E1-X-Y-E3-B’-F (III-2)
〔式中、
Ab、X、Y、B’およびFは、前記式(III-1)のものと同じであり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、2価の基である〕で表される、機能性物質を位置選択的に有する抗体である、〔29〕~〔32〕のいずれかの抗体またはその塩。
〔34〕前記式(III-1)で表される前記抗体が、下記式(III-3):
Ab、環構成原子X’、環Z、B’およびFは、前記式(III-1)のものと同じであり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、結合または2価の基である。〕で表される、機能性物質を位置選択的に有する抗体である、〔29〕~〔32〕のいずれかの抗体またはその塩。
〔35〕下記式(IV):
A-L-E-F (IV)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Fは、機能性物質であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および機能性物質を有する化合物またはその塩。
〔36〕下記式(IV):
A-L-E-F (IV)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Fは、機能性物質であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および機能性物質を有する化合物またはその塩を含む、機能性物質による抗体の位置選択的修飾試薬。
〔37〕機能性物質を有する抗体またはその塩の製造方法であって、
下記式(IV):
A-L-E-F (IV)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Fは、機能性物質であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および機能性物質を有する化合物またはその塩を、抗体と反応させて、
下記式(III):
Ab-E-F (III)
〔式中、
Abは、抗体であり、
EおよびFは、前記式(IV)のものと同じである。〕で表される、機能性物質を有する抗体またはその塩を生成することを含む、方法。
生体直交性官能基を位置選択的に有する本発明の抗体またはその塩は、例えば、機能性物質を位置選択的に有する抗体またはその塩の調製における中間体として有用である。
機能性物質を位置選択的に有する本発明の抗体またはその塩は、例えば、医薬、または試薬(例、診断薬、研究用試薬)として有用である。
1-1.概要
本発明は、式(I)で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩を提供する。
A-L-E-B (I)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Bは、生体直交性官能基であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕
他の式においても、抗体に対する親和性物質(A)または抗体(Ab)は、式中の特定構造単位(AまたはAbを除く構造単位)を、共有結合を介して含むことを示す。したがって、他の式においても、抗体に対する親和性物質(A)または抗体(Ab)は、1個の特定構造単位、または複数(例えば2~5個、好ましくは2~4個、より好ましくは2または3個)の特定構造単位(同種または異種)を有していてもよい。
式(I)において、Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質である。抗体に対する親和性物質とは、抗体に対して非共有結合による結合能を有する物質である。
(1)露出リジン残基
CH2ドメイン(246位、248位、274位、288位、290位、317位、320位、322位、338位)
CH3ドメイン(360位、414位、439位)
(2)露出チロシン残基
CH2ドメイン(278位、296位、300位)
CH3ドメイン(436位)
(3)露出セリン残基
CH2ドメイン(254位、267位、298位、324位)
CH3ドメイン(375位、400位、415位、440位、442位)
(4)露出スレオニン残基
CH2ドメイン(256位、289位、307位)
CH3ドメイン(335位、359位、393位、437位)
したがって、ヒトIgG1等のヒトIgGがリジン残基またはチロシン残基で修飾される場合、上記位置での修飾が好ましい。
(1’)露出リジン残基
CH2ドメイン(246位、248位、274位、288位、290位、317位、320位、322位)
CH3ドメイン(360位、414位、439位)
(2’)露出チロシン残基
CH2ドメイン(278位、296位、300位)
CH3ドメイン(436位)
(3’)露出セリン残基
CH2ドメイン(254位、267位、298位)
CH3ドメイン(400位、415位、440位)
(4’)露出スレオニン残基
CH2ドメイン(256位、289位)
CH3ドメイン(335位、359位)
したがって、ヒトIgG1等のヒトIgGがリジン残基、チロシン残基、セリン残基またはスレオニン残基で修飾される場合、上記位置での修飾がより好ましい。
(1)Lys248残基(以下、本明細書では単に「Lys248」とも表記し、ヒトIgG CH2領域(配列番号1)の18番目の残基に相当する)またはLys246残基(以下、本明細書では単に「Lys246」とも表記し、ヒトIgG CH2領域(配列番号1)の16番目の残基に相当する):
(2)Lys288残基(以下、本明細書では単に「Lys288」とも表記し、ヒトIgG CH2領域(配列番号1)の58番目の残基に相当する)またはLys290残基(以下、本明細書では単に「Lys290」とも表記し、ヒトIgG CH2領域(配列番号1)の60番目の残基に相当する);
(3)Lys317残基(以下、本明細書では単に「Lys317」とも表記し、ヒトIgG CH2領域(配列番号1)の87番目の残基に相当する)。
PD-L1、GD2、PDGFRα(血小板由来成長因子受容体)、CD22、HER2、ホスファチジルセリン(PS)、EpCAM、フィブロネクチン、PD-1、VEGFR-2、CD33、HGF、gpNMB、CD27、DEC-205、葉酸受容体、CD37、CD19、Trop2、CEACAM5、S1P、HER3、IGF-1R、DLL4、TNT-1/B、CPAAs、PSMA、CD20、CD105(エンドグリン)、ICAM-1、CD30、CD16A、CD38、MUC1、EGFR、KIR2DL1,2,、NKG2A、tenascin-C、IGF(Insulin-like growth factor)、CTLA-4、mesothelin、CD138、c-Met、Ang2、VEGF-A、CD79b、ENPD3、葉酸受容体α、TEM-1、GM2、グリピカン3、macrophage inhibitory factor、CD74、Notch1、Notch2、Notch3、CD37、TLR-2、CD3、CSF-1R、FGFR2b、HLA-DR、GM-CSF、EphA3、B7-H3、CD123、gpA33、Frizzled7受容体、DLL4、VEGF、RSPO、LIV-1、SLITRK6、Nectin-4、CD70、CD40、CD19、SEMA4D(CD100)、CD25、MET、Tissue Factor、IL-8、EGFR、cMet、KIR3DL2、Bst1(CD157)、P-カドヘリン、CEA、GITR、TAM(tumor associated macrophage)、CEA、DLL4、Ang2、CD73、FGFR2、CXCR4、LAG-3、GITR、Fucosyl GM1、IGF-1、Angiopoietin 2、CSF-1R、FGFR3、OX40、BCMA、ErbB3、CD137(4-1BB)、PTK7、EFNA4、FAP、DR5、CEA、Ly6E、CA6、CEACAM5、LAMP1、tissue factor、EPHA2、DR5、B7-H3、FGFR4、FGFR2、α2-PI、A33、GDF15、CAIX、CD166、ROR1、GITR、BCMA、TBA、LAG-3、EphA2、TIM-3、CD-200、EGFRvIII、CD16A、CD32B、PIGF、Axl、MICA/B、Thomsen-Friedenreich、CD39、CD37、CD73、CLEC12A、Lgr3、トランスフェリン受容体、TGFβ、IL-17、5T4、RTK、Immune Suppressor Protein、NaPi2b、ルイス血液型B抗原、A34、Lysil-Oxidase、DLK-1、TROP-2、α9インテグリン、TAG-72(CA72-4)、CD70
IL-17、IL-6R、IL-17R、INF-α、IL-5R、IL-13、IL-23、IL-6、ActRIIB、β7-Integrin、IL-4αR、HAS、Eotaxin-1、CD3、CD19、TNF-α、IL-15、CD3ε、Fibronectin、IL-1β、IL-1α、IL-17、TSLP(Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin)、LAMP(Alpha4 Beta 7 Integrin)、IL-23、GM-CSFR、TSLP、CD28、CD40、TLR-3、BAFF-R、MAdCAM、IL-31R、IL-33、CD74、CD32B、CD79B、IgE(免疫グロブリンE)、IL-17A、IL-17F、C5、FcRn、CD28、TLR4、MCAM、B7RP1、CXCR1,2 Ligands、IL-21、Cadherin-11、CX3CL1、CCL20、IL-36R、IL-10R、CD86、TNF-α、IL-7R、Kv1.3、α9インテグリン、LIFHT
CGRP、CD20、βアミロイド、βアミロイドプロトフィブリン、Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor、LINGO(Ig Domain Containing1)、αシヌクレイン、細胞外tau、CD52、インスリン受容体、tauタンパク、TDP-43、SOD1、TauC3、JCウイルス
Clostridium Difficile toxin B、サイトメガロウイルス、RSウイルス、LPS、S.Aureus Alpha-toxin、M2eタンパク、Psl、PcrV、S.Aureus toxin、インフルエンザA、Alginate、黄色ブドウ球菌、PD-L1、インフルエンザB、アシネトバクター、F-protein、Env、CD3、病原性大腸菌、クレブシエラ、肺炎球菌
アミロイドAL、SEMA4D(CD100)、インスリン受容体、ANGPTL3、IL4、IL13、FGF23、副腎皮質刺激ホルモン、トランスサイレチン、ハンチンチン
Factor D、IGF-1R、PGDFR、Ang2、VEGF-A、CD-105(Endoglin)、IGF-1R、βアミロイド
Sclerostin、Myostatin、Dickkopf-1、GDF8、RNAKL、HAS、Siglec-15
vWF、Factor IXa、Factor X、IFNγ、C5、BMP-6、Ferroportin、TFPI
BAFF(B cell activating factor)、IL-1β、PCSK9、NGF、CD45、TLR-2、GLP-1、TNFR1、C5、CD40、LPA、プロラクチン受容体、VEGFR-1、CB1、Endoglin、PTH1R、CXCL1、CXCL8、IL-1β、AT2-R、IAPP
(A)配列番号1のアミノ酸配列を含むFc領域タンパク質;
(B)配列番号1のアミノ酸配列において、1もしくは数個のアミノ酸残基が挿入、付加、欠失もしくは置換されたアミノ酸配列を含むFc領域タンパク質;または
(C)配列番号1のアミノ酸配列と90%以上の同一性を示すアミノ酸配列を含むFc領域タンパク質。
(1)ヒトIgG全般(すなわち、ヒトIgG1、IgG2、IgG3およびIgG4。以下同様)の特定領域(CH2領域)に親和性を有するIgG結合ペプチド(例、国際公開第2016/186206号、国際公開2013/027796号、国際公開第2008/054030号を参照);
(2)ヒトIgG全般の特定領域(CH2領域)に親和性を有するProteinA Mimetic(PAM) peptide(例、Fassina G et al.,JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR RECOGNITION,1996,VOL.6,564-569を参照);
(3)ヒトIgG全般の特定領域(CH2領域)に親和性を有するEPIHRSTLTALL(配列番号25)(例、Ehrlich G.K et al.,J.Biochem.Biophys.Methods,2001,VOL.49,443-454を参照);
(4)ヒトIgG全般の特定領域(Fc領域)に親和性を有する(NH2-Cys1-X1-X2-X3-X4)2-Lys-Gly-OH(例、Ruvo M et al.,ChemBioChem,2005,VOL.6,1242-1253を参照);
(5)ヒトIgG全般の特定領域(Fc領域)に親和性を有するFARLVSSIRY(配列番号26)、FGRLVSSIRY(配列番号27)、およびTWKTSRISIF(配列番号28)(例、Krook M et al.,Journal of Immunological Methods,1998,VOL.221,151-157を参照);
(6)ヒトIgG全般の特定領域に親和性を有するQSYP(配列番号29)(例、Jacobs J.M. et al.,Bio.Techniques,2003,VOL.34,132-141を参照);
(7)ヒトIgG全般の特定領域(Fc領域)に親和性を有するHWRGWV(配列番号30)、HYFKFD(配列番号31)、およびHFRRHL(配列番号32)(例、Carbonell R.G. et al.,Journal of Chromatography A,2009,VOL.1216,910-918を参照);
(8)ヒトIgG全般の特定領域(Fc領域)に親和性を有するDAAG(配列番号33)(例、Lund L.N. et al.,Journal of Chromatography A,2012,VOL.1225,158-167を参照);
(9)ヒトIgG全般の特定領域(Fc領域)に親和性を有するFc-I、Fc-II、およびFc-III(例、Warren L.Delano et al.,Science,2000,VOL.287,1279-1283;国際公開2001/045746号を参照);ならびに
(10)ヒトIgG全般の特定領域(Fc領域)に親和性を有するNARKFYKG(配列番号34)、およびNKFRGKYK(配列番号35)(例、Biochemical Engineering Journal,2013,VOL.79,33-40を参照)。
(a-1-1)FNMQQQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDD(配列番号11)のアミノ酸配列(例、化合物22~24、29を参照)、または、
(a-1-2)FNMQCQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDDC(配列番号12)のアミノ酸配列(公知配列Z34Cにおいて2つのKがRで置換されているアミノ酸配列)において、配列中のいずれかの1~3つのアミノ酸残基が、同一でも異なってもよく、リジン残基、アスパラギン酸残基、およびグルタミン酸残基からなる群より選ばれる各々1つのアミノ酸残基により置換されているか、
(a-2-1)β-Ala-NMQQQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDD(配列番号13)のアミノ酸配列(例、化合物26~28を参照)、または、
(a-2-2)β-Ala-NMQCQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDDC(配列番号14)のアミノ酸配列(公知配列Z34Cにおいて2つのKがRで置換されており、かつN末端のFがβ-Alaで置換されているアミノ酸配列)において、配列中のいずれかの1~3つのアミノ酸残基が、同一でも異なってもよく、リジン残基、アスパラギン酸残基、およびグルタミン酸残基からなる群より選ばれる各々1つのアミノ酸残基により置換されており、かつ
(b)配列番号11~14の前記アミノ酸配列各々に対して85%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を含むペプチド。
このようなペプチドは、モノクローナル抗体のFc領域に対する結合能を有する。
(c)以下(1)~(16)のアミノ酸配列からなる群より選ばれるアミノ酸配列:
(1)FNMQQQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIKDD(配列番号5);
(2)FNMQQQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIKSIRDD(配列番号6);
(3)β-Ala-NMQQQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDD(配列番号7);
(4)FNMQQQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNAKIKSIKDD(配列番号8);
(5)KNMQCQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDDC(配列番号37);
(6)FNMQCQKRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDDC(配列番号38);
(7)FNMQCQRRFYEAKHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDDC(配列番号39);
(8)FNMQCQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRKARIRSIRDDC(配列番号40);
(9)FNMQCQRRFYEALHDPNLNKEQRNARIRSIRDDC(配列番号41);
(10)FNMQCQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIKDDC(配列番号42);
(11)FNKQCQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDDC(配列番号43);
(12)FNMQCKRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDDC(配列番号44);
(13)FNMQCQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRKDC(配列番号45);
(14)β-Ala-NMQQQRRFYEALHDPNLEEQRNARIRSI(配列番号97);
(15)FNMQQQRRFYEALHDPNLNKEQRNARIRSIRDD(配列番号98);および
(16)β-Ala-NMQQQRRFYEALHDPNLEEQRNARIRSIKDD(配列番号100);あるいは
(d)上記(1)~(16)のいずれかのアミノ酸配列において、1つのリジン残基および2つのシステイン残基以外の位置(例、1位、3位、6位、7位、13位、20位、24位、31位、および32位の位置)において、リジン残基以外の19種のアミノ酸残基の変異を有する、上記(1)~(16)のいずれかのアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の同一性(上述したような個数のアミノ酸残基の修飾であってもよい)を有するアミノ酸配列。
このようなアミノ酸配列を含むペプチドは、IgGのFc領域に対する結合能を有することが確認されている。(d)の上記アミノ酸配列を有する親和性ペプチドは、モノクローナル抗体の定常領域に対する結合能を有するペプチドが好ましく、モノクローナル抗体のFc領域に対する結合能を有するペプチドがより好ましく、IgGのFc領域に対する結合能を有するペプチドがさらにより好ましい。
式1-1:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-I-I-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号15)
式1-2:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-I-V-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号16)
式1-3:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-V-V-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号17)
式1-4:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-A-V-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号18)
式1-5:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-L-L-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号19)
式1-6:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-L-I-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号20)
式1-7:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-L-V-F-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号21)
式1-8:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-Q-V-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号22)
式1-9:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-E-V-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号23)
〔式中、
(X0-3)aは、なし、アルギニン残基-グリシン残基-アスパラギン残基、グリシン残基-アスパラギン残基、アスパラギン酸残基、またはアスパラギン残基であり、
(X0-3)bは、なし、スレオニン残基-チロシン残基-ヒスチジン残基、またはスレオニン残基であり、
Xaa1は、アラニン残基であり、
Xaa2は、チロシン残基、トリプトファン残基、またはヒスチジン残基であり、
Xaa3は、ヒスチジン残基、フェニルアラニン残基、チロシン残基、トリプトファン残基、アルギニン残基、またはグリシン残基であり、
Xaa4は、リジン残基、アスパラギン酸残基、またはグルタミン酸残基であり、
Xaa5は、グリシン残基、セリン残基、アスパラギン残基、グルタミン残基、アスパラギン酸残基、グルタミン酸残基、フェニルアラニン残基、チロシン残基、トリプトファン残基、ヒスチジン残基、スレオニン残基、ロイシン残基、アラニン残基、バリン残基、イソロイシン残基、またはアルギニン残基であり、
Xaa6は、グルタミン残基、グルタミン酸残基、アスパラギン残基、またはアスパラギン酸残基である。〕、あるいは
式2-1:(X0-3’)a-C-(Xaa1’)-(Xaa2’)-(Xaa3’)-(Xaa4’)-(Xaa5’)-(Xaa6’)-L-V-W-C-(X0-3’)b(配列番号24)
〔式中、
(X0-3’)aおよび(X0-3’)bはそれぞれ、前記(X0-3)aおよび(X0-3)bと同じであり、
Xaa1’、Xaa2’、Xaa3’、Xaa4’、Xaa5’、Xaa6’はそれぞれ、前記Xaa1、Xaa2、Xaa3、Xaa4、Xaa5、Xaa6と同じである。
〕。
このようなペプチドは、モノクローナル抗体のFc領域に対する結合能を有する。
(1’) RGNCAYHKGQIIWCTYH(配列番号46);
(2’) RGNCAYHKGQIVWCTYH(配列番号47);
(3’) RGNCAYHKGQVVWCTYH(配列番号48);
(4’) RGNCAYHKGQAVWCTYH(配列番号49);
(5’) RGNCAYHKGQLLWCTYH(配列番号50);
(6’) RGNCAYHKGQLIWCTYH(配列番号51);
(7’) DCAYHKGQIVWCT (配列番号52);
(8’) DCAYHKGQVVWCT (配列番号53);
(9’) DCAYHKGQAVWCT (配列番号54);
(10’)RGNCAYHKSQIIWCTYH(配列番号55);
(11’)RGNCAYHKNQIIWCTYH(配列番号56);
(12’)RGNCAYHKDQIIWCTYH(配列番号57);
(13’)RGNCAYHKQQIIWCTYH(配列番号58);
(14’)RGNCAYHKEQIIWCTYH(配列番号59);
(15’)RGNCAYHKFQIIWCTYH(配列番号60);
(16’)RGNCAYHKYQIIWCTYH(配列番号61);
(17’)RGNCAYHKWQIIWCTYH(配列番号62);
(18’)RGNCAYHKHQIIWCTYH(配列番号63);
(19’)RGNCAYHKTQIIWCTYH(配列番号64);
(20’)RGNCAYHKLQIIWCTYH(配列番号65);
(21’) CAYHKLQIVWC (配列番号66);
(22’) CAYHKLQLIWC (配列番号67);
(23’) CAYHKSQIVWC (配列番号68);
(24’)RGNCAYHKGQLVFCTYH(配列番号69);
(25’)RGNCAYHKGQQVWCTYH(配列番号70);
(26’)RGNCAYHKGQEVWCTYH(配列番号71);
(27’) CAYHKGQLVWC (配列番号72);
(28’)RGNCAYHKAQLVWCTYH(配列番号73);
(29’)RGNCAYHKVQLVWCTYH(配列番号74);
(30’)RGNCAYHKLQLVWCTYH(配列番号75);
(31’)RGNCAYHKIQLVWCTYH(配列番号76);
(32’)RGNCAYHKSQLVWCTYH(配列番号77);
(33’)RGNCAYHKTQLVWCTYH(配列番号78);
(34’)RGNCAYHKNQLVWCTYH(配列番号79);
(35’)RGNCAYHKDQLVWCTYH(配列番号80);
(36’)RGNCAYHKQQLVWCTYH(配列番号81);
(37’)RGNCAYHKEQLVWCTYH(配列番号82);
(38’)RGNCAYHKFQLVWCTYH(配列番号83);
(39’)RGNCAYHKRQLVWCTYH(配列番号84);
(40’)RGNCAYHKHQLVWCTYH(配列番号85);
(41’)RGNCAYHKWQLVWCTYH(配列番号86);
(42’)RGNCAYHKYQLVWCTYH(配列番号87);
(43’)RGNCAYFKGQLVWCTYH(配列番号88);
(44’)RGNCAYYKGQLVWCTYH(配列番号89);
(45’)RGNCAYWKGQLVWCTYH(配列番号90);
(46’)RGNCAYRKGQLVWCTYH(配列番号91);
(47’)RGNCAYGKGQLVWCTYH(配列番号92);
(48’) DCAYHKGQLVWC (配列番号93);
(49’) NCAYHKGQLVWC (配列番号94);
(50’) CAYHKGQLVWCT (配列番号95);
(51’) CAYHKSQLVWC (配列番号96);
(52’) GNCAYHKGQIIWCTYH(配列番号99);および
(53’)RGNCAYHEGQIIWCTYH(配列番号108)。
このようなアミノ酸配列を含むペプチドは、IgGのFc領域に対する結合能を有することが確認されている。
式(I)において、Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基である。
(1)-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、または-O-N(R)-からなる基;あるいは
(2)-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、または-O-N(R)-およびその脱離する能力を高める基を含む基。
(i)ハロゲン原子;
(ii)1価の炭化水素基;
(iii)アラルキル;
(iv)1価の複素環基;
(v)Ra-O-、Ra-C(=O)-、Ra-O-C(=O)-、もしくはRa-C(=O)-O-(Raは、水素原子、もしくは1価の炭化水素基を示す。);または
(vi)NRbRc-、NRbRc-C(=O)-、NRbRc-C(=O)-O-、もしくはRb-C(=O)-NRc-(RbおよびRcは、同一もしくは異なって、水素原子、もしくは1価の炭化水素基を示す。);
(vii)ニトロ基、硫酸基、スルホン酸基、シアノ基、およびカルボキシル基。
(i’)ハロゲン原子;
(ii’)炭素原子数1~12のアルキル、フェニル、もしくはナフチル;
(iii’)炭素原子数3~15のアラルキル;
(iv’)5員または6員の複素環;
(v’)Ra-O-、Ra-C(=O)-、Ra-O-C(=O)-、もしくはRa-C(=O)-O-(Raは、水素原子、もしくは炭素原子数1~12のアルキルを示す。);または
(vi’)NRbRc-、NRbRc-C(=O)-、NRbRc-C(=O)-O-、もしくはRb-C(=O)-NRc-(RbおよびRcは、同一もしくは異なって、水素原子、もしくは炭素原子数1~12のアルキルを示す。);
(vii’)上記(vii)で列挙したものと同じ基。
(i’’)ハロゲン原子;
(ii’’)炭素原子数1~12のアルキル;
(iii’’)Ra-O-、Ra-C(=O)-、Ra-O-C(=O)-、もしくはRa-C(=O)-O-(Raは、水素原子、もしくは炭素原子数1~12のアルキルを示す。);または
(iv’’)NRbRc-、NRbRc-C(=O)-、NRbRc-C(=O)-O-、もしくはRb-C(=O)-NRc-(RbおよびRcは、同一もしくは異なって、水素原子、もしくは炭素原子数1~12のアルキルを示す。);
(v’’)上記(vii)で列挙したものと同じ基。
(i’’’)ハロゲン原子;
(ii’’’)炭素原子数1~6のアルキル;
(iii’’’)Ra-O-、Ra-C(=O)-、Ra-O-C(=O)-、もしくはRa-C(=O)-O-(Raは、水素原子、もしくは炭素原子数1~6のアルキルを示す。);または
(iv’’’)NRbRc-、NRbRc-C(=O)-、NRbRc-C(=O)-O-、もしくはRb-C(=O)-NRc-(RbおよびRcは、同一もしくは異なって、水素原子、もしくは炭素原子数1~6のアルキルを示す。);
(v’’’)上記(vii)で列挙したものと同じ基。
(i’’’’)ハロゲン原子;
(ii’’’’)炭素原子数1~4のアルキル;
(iii’’’’)Ra-O-、Ra-C(=O)-、Ra-O-C(=O)-、もしくはRa-C(=O)-O-(Raは、水素原子、もしくは炭素原子数1~4のアルキルを示す。);または
(iv’’’’)NRbRc-、NRbRc-C(=O)-、NRbRc-C(=O)-O-、もしくはRb-C(=O)-NRc-(RbおよびRcは、同一もしくは異なって、水素原子、もしくは炭素原子数1~4のアルキルを示す。);
(v’’’’)上記(vii)で列挙したものと同じ基。
(a)環P-Q-〔ここで、環Pが、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいアリーレン、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいヘテロアリーレン、縮環していてもよい2,5-ジケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2,6-ジケトピペリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピペリジン、2-ピリドンからなる群より選ばれる基であり、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、
(b)ヘテロアリーレン、あるいは
(c)-Q-〔ここで、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕
mは、0~4の整数であり、
nは、0~3の整数であり、
Rは、水素原子、または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルであり、
○(白丸)は、L1に対する結合手であり、●(黒丸)は、E1に対する結合手である。)。
電子吸引性基、および炭素原子数1~6のアルキルの詳細は、上述のとおりである。mは、好ましくは1~4の整数であり、より好ましくは1、2または3である。nは、好ましくは1~3の整数であり、より好ましくは1または2である。
(a)の場合、最短経路は太字経路であるため、主鎖の原子数として数えられる2価の環構造中の原子数は、2である。
(b)の場合、最短経路は太字経路であるため、主鎖の原子数として数えられる2価の環構造中の原子数は、3である。
(c)の場合、いずれの経路も最短経路(等距離)であるため、主鎖の原子数として数えられる2価の環構造中の原子数は、4である。
(d)の場合、縮合部位の経路が最短経路であるため、主鎖の原子数として数えられる2価の環構造中の原子数は、4である。
式(I)において、Lは、(i)脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基である。
(a)-X-Y-〔ここで、E1と結合するXは、C(R1)(R2)(ここで、R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、N(R3)(ここで、R3は、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、O、S、またはSeであり、E3と結合するYは、C(R4)(R5)(ここで、R4およびR5はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕;あるいは
(b)下記式(i):
(1)脱離基が-N(R)-または-N(OR)-である場合、Xとしては、C(R1)(R2)、またはN(R3)が好ましく、C(R1)(R2)がより好ましい。
(2)脱離基が-O-である場合、Xとしては、C(R1)(R2)、N(R3)、またはOが好ましく、C(R1)(R2)、またはN(R3)がより好ましく、C(R1)(R2)がさらにより好ましい。
(3)脱離基が-S-である場合、Xとしては、C(R1)(R2)、N(R3)、O、またはSが好ましく、C(R1)(R2)、N(R3)、またはOがより好ましく、C(R1)(R2)、またはN(R3)がさらにより好ましく、C(R1)(R2)がなおさらにより好ましい。
(4)脱離基が-Se-である場合、Xとしては、C(R1)(R2)、N(R3)、O、S、またはSeが好ましく、C(R1)(R2)、N(R3)、O、またはSがより好ましく、C(R1)(R2)、N(R3)、またはOがさらにより好ましく、C(R1)(R2)、またはN(R3)がなおさらにより好ましく、C(R1)(R2)が最も好ましい。
(5)脱離基がヘテロアリーレンである場合、Xとしては、C(R1)(R2)、N(R3)、O、S、またはSeが好ましく、C(R1)(R2)、N(R3)、O、またはSがより好ましく、C(R1)(R2)、N(R3)、またはOがさらにより好ましく、C(R1)(R2)、またはN(R3)がなおさらにより好ましく、C(R1)(R2)が最も好ましい。
式(I)において、Bは、生体直交性官能基である。
R1f、単一もしくは複数のR1gおよび単一もしくは複数のR1hは、同一もしくは異なって、(a)~(g)からなる群より選ばれる原子もしくは基、または電子吸引基であり、
・は、結合手である。)
(a)水素原子、またはハロゲン原子;
(b)1価の炭化水素基;
(c)アラルキル;
(d)1価の複素環基;
(e)Ra-O-、Ra-C(=O)-、Ra-O-C(=O)-、もしくはRa-C(=O)-O-(Raは、水素原子、もしくは1価の炭化水素基を示す。);または
(f)NRbRc-、NRbRc-C(=O)-、NRbRc-C(=O)-O-、もしくはRb-C(=O)-NRc-(RbおよびRcは、同一もしくは異なって、水素原子、もしくは1価の炭化水素基を示す。);
(g)ニトロ基、硫酸基、スルホン酸基、シアノ基、もしくはカルボキシル基
からなる群より選ばれる基。
(a)~(g)におけるハロゲン原子、1価の炭化水素基、アラルキル、1価の複素環基、およびRa~Rcにおける1価の炭化水素基の定義、例および好ましい例は、上記(i)~(vii)におけるものと同じである。特に好ましくは、(a)~(g)からなる群より選ばれる原子もしくは基は、(a)または(b)の原子もしくは基である。
好ましい実施形態では、式(I)で表される化合物は、下記式(I-1):
A-L1-L2-E1-E2-E3-B (I-1)
〔式中、
AおよびBは、式(I)のものと同じであり、
L1は、結合または2価の基であり、
L2は、脱離基であり、
E1は、(i)脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基であり、
E2は、(a)-X-Y-〔ここで、E1と結合するXは、C(R1)(R2)(ここで、R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、N(R3)(ここで、R3は、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、O、S、またはSeであり、E3と結合するYは、C(R4)(R5)(ここで、R4およびR5はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、あるいは(b)下記式(i):
E3は、E2が-X-Y-の場合には2価の基であり、E2が式(i)で表される基の場合には結合または2価の基であり、
脱離基は、上記求核基と上記求電子基との間の反応によりE1から切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される化合物であってもよい。
A-L1-L2-E1-X-Y-E3-B (I-2)
〔式中、
A、L1、X、Y、およびBは、式(I-1)のものと同じであり、
L2は、
(a)環P-Q-〔ここで、環Pが、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいアリーレン、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいヘテロアリーレン、縮環していてもよい2,5-ジケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2,6-ジケトピペリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピペリジン、2-ピリドンからなる群より選ばれる基であり、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、
(b)ヘテロアリーレン、あるいは
(c)-Q-〔ここで、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕であり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、2価の基である。〕で表される化合物であってもよい。
A、L1、環Z、環構成原子X’、およびBは、前記式(I-1)のものと同じであり、
L2は、
(a)環P-Q-〔ここで、環Pが、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいアリーレン、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいヘテロアリーレン、縮環していてもよい2,5-ジケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2,6-ジケトピペリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピペリジン、2-ピリドンからなる群より選ばれる基であり、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、
(b)ヘテロアリーレン、あるいは
(c)-Q-〔ここで、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕であり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、結合または2価の基である。〕で表される化合物であってもよい。
A、L1、およびBは、前記式(I-1)のものと同じであり、
L2は、(a)環P-Q-〔ここで、環Pが、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいアリーレン、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいヘテロアリーレン、縮環していてもよい2,5-ジケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2,6-ジケトピペリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピペリジン、2-ピリドンからなる群より選ばれる基であり、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、
(b)ヘテロアリーレン、あるいは
(c)-Q-〔ここで、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕であり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
環Zは、E1と結合する環構成原子およびその両隣の環構成原子の全てが炭素原子である2価の環基である。)で表される基であり、
E3は、結合または2価の基である。〕で表される化合物であってもよい。
抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩は、適宜調製することができる。抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩は、式(I)、好ましくは式(I-1)、より好ましくは式(I-2)、(I-3)または(I-4)で表される。
後述の発明〔例、式(II)、(III)およびその下位概念の式、ならびに部分構造式で表される発明〕では、任意の記号(例、A、L、E、B)、および当該記号に関連して表される用語の詳細(例えば、定義、例および好ましい例)は、上記式(I)またはその下位概念の式で表される化合物またはその塩の発明と共通する。また、後述の発明を規定することができる特定の基(例、生体直交性官能基、2価の基、置換基)、および特定の数値等の任意の技術要素(例、定義、例および好ましい例)についても、上記で説明したものと共通にすることができる。したがって、これらの事項は、特に言及することなく、後述の発明において適宜援用することができる。同様に、後述の発明で述べた特定の発明の技術要素は、本発明および他の発明の技術要素として、適宜援用することができる。
本発明は、以下を含む、生体直交性官能基を有する抗体またはその塩の製造方法を提供する。
(1)下記式(I):
A-L-E-B (I)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Bは、生体直交性官能基であり、
脱離基は、上記求核基と上記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩を、抗体と反応させて、
下記式(II):
Ab-E-B (II)
〔式中、
EおよびBは、式(I)のものと同じであり、
Abは、抗体である。〕で表される、生体直交性官能基を有する抗体またはその塩を生成すること。
Ab-E1-E2-E3-B (II-1)
〔式中、
Abは、抗体であり、
E1は、抗体中の求核基と連結している求電子基であり、
E2は、(a)-X-Y-〔ここで、E1と結合するXは、C(R1)(R2)(ここで、R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、N(R3)(ここで、R3は、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、O、S、またはSeであり、E3と結合するYは、C(R4)(R5)(ここで、R4およびR5はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、あるいは(b)下記式(i):
E3は、E2が-X-Y-の場合には2価の基であり、E2が式(i)で表される基の場合には結合または2価の基であり、
Bは、生体直交性官能基である。〕
Ab-E1-X-Y-E3-B (II-2)
〔式中、
Ab、X、Y、およびBは、式(II-1)のものと同じであり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、2価の基である。〕
Ab、環構成原子X’、環Z、およびBは、式(II-1)のものと同じであり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、結合または2価の基である。〕
Ab、環Z、およびBは、式(II-1)のものと同じであり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、結合または2価の基である。〕
本発明は、以下を含む、機能性物質を有する抗体またはその塩の製造方法を提供する。
(1)下記式(I):
A-L-E-B (I)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Bは、生体直交性官能基であり、
脱離基は、上記求核基と上記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩を、抗体と反応させて、
下記式(II):
Ab-E-B (II)
〔式中、
EおよびBは、前記式(I)のものと同じであり、
Abは、抗体である。〕で表される、生体直交性官能基を有する抗体またはその塩を生成すること;ならびに
(2)前記式(II)で表される、生体直交性官能基を有する抗体またはその塩を、生体直交性官能基を介して機能性物質と反応させて、
下記式(III):
Ab-E-B’-F (III)
〔式中、
Abは、式(II)のものと同じであり、
Eは、式(I)のものと同じであり、
B’は、機能性物質と生体直交性官能基との間の反応により生成する部分を含む2価の基であり、
Fは、機能性物質である。〕で表される、機能性物質を有する抗体またはその塩を生成すること。
R1f、単一もしくは複数のR1gおよび単一もしくは複数のR1hは、同一もしくは異なって、前記(i)~(vii)からなる群より選ばれる原子もしくは基、または電子吸引基であり、・は、機能性物質に対する結合手である。)
複数のR2a、複数のR2b、および複数のR2cは、同一または異なって、水素原子または上述の置換基であり、
Jは、-CH2-、-O-、または-S-であり、
rは、1~4の任意の整数であり、
○(白丸)はF側の部分に対する結合を示し、●(黒丸)はB’側の部分に対する結合を示す。
化学構造が、切断性部分を中心にして非対称である場合、●がB’側の部分に対する結合を示し、○がF側の部分に対する結合を示していてもよい。〕からなる群より選ばれるいずれか一つの化学構造に対応する残基を含む2価の基であってもよい。
Ab-E1-E2-E3-B’-F (III-1)
〔式中、
Abは、抗体であり、
E1は、抗体中の求核基と連結している求電子基であり、
E2は、(a)-X-Y-〔ここで、E1と結合するXは、C(R1)(R2)(ここで、R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、N(R3)(ここで、R3は、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、O、S、またはSeであり、E3と結合するYは、C(R4)(R5)(ここで、R4およびR5はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、あるいは(b)下記式(i):
E3は、E2が-X-Y-の場合には2価の基であり、E2が式(i)で表される基の場合には結合または2価の基であり、
B’は、機能性物質と生体直交性官能基との間の反応により生成する部分を含む2価の基であり、
Fは、機能性物質である。〕
Ab-E1-X-Y-E3-B’-F (III-2)
〔式中、
Ab、X、Y、B’およびFは、前記式(III-1)のものと同じであり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、2価の基である。〕
Ab、環構成原子X’、環Z、B’およびFは、式(III-1)のものと同じであり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、結合または2価の基である。〕
Ab、環Z、B’およびFは、式(III-1)のものと同じであり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、結合または2価の基である。〕
本発明は、生体直交性官能基または機能性物質を位置選択的に有する抗体またはその塩を提供する。
本発明は、式(IV)で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および機能性物質を有する化合物またはその塩を提供する。
A-L-E-F (IV)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Fは、機能性物質であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕
A-L1-L2-E1-E2-E3-F (IV-1)
〔式中、
AおよびFは、式(IV)のものと同じであり、
L1は、結合または2価の基であり、
L2は、脱離基であり、
E1は、(i)脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基であり、
E2は、(a)-X-Y-〔ここで、E1と結合するXは、C(R1)(R2)(ここで、R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、N(R3)(ここで、R3は、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、O、S、またはSeであり、E3と結合するYは、C(R4)(R5)(ここで、R4およびR5はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、あるいは(b)下記式(i):
E3は、E2が-X-Y-の場合には2価の基であり、E2が式(i)で表される基の場合には結合または2価の基であり、
脱離基は、上記求核基と上記求電子基との間の反応によりE1から切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される化合物であってもよい。
A-L1-L2-E1-X-Y-E3-F (IV-2)
〔式中、
A、L1、X、YおよびFは、式(IV-1)のものと同じであり、
L2は、
(a)環P-Q-〔ここで、環Pが、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいアリーレン、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいヘテロアリーレン、縮環していてもよい2,5-ジケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2,6-ジケトピペリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピペリジン、2-ピリドンからなる群より選ばれる基であり、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、
(b)ヘテロアリーレン、あるいは
(c)-Q-〔ここで、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕であり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、2価の基である。〕で表される化合物であってもよい。
A、L1、環Z、環構成原子X’およびFは、前記式(IV-1)のものと同じであり、
L2は、
(a)環P-Q-〔ここで、環Pが、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいアリーレン、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいヘテロアリーレン、縮環していてもよい2,5-ジケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2,6-ジケトピペリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピペリジン、2-ピリドンからなる群より選ばれる基であり、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、
(b)ヘテロアリーレン、あるいは
(c)-Q-〔ここで、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕であり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、結合または2価の基である。〕で表される化合物であってもよい。
A、L1およびFは、前記式(IV-1)のものと同じであり、
L2は、(a)環P-Q-〔ここで、環Pが、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいアリーレン、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいヘテロアリーレン、縮環していてもよい2,5-ジケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2,6-ジケトピペリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピペリジン、2-ピリドンからなる群より選ばれる基であり、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、
(b)ヘテロアリーレン、あるいは
(c)-Q-〔ここで、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕であり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
環Zは、E1と結合する環構成原子およびその両隣の環構成原子の全てが炭素原子である2価の環基である。)で表される基であり、
E3は、結合または2価の基である。〕で表される化合物であってもよい。
本発明は、以下を含む、機能性物質を有する抗体またはその塩の製造方法を提供する。
下記式(IV):
A-L-E-F (IV)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Fは、機能性物質であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および機能性物質を有する化合物またはその塩を、抗体と反応させて、
下記式(V):
Ab-E-F (V)
〔式中、
Abは、抗体であり、
EおよびFは、前記式(IV)のものと同じである。〕で表される、機能性物質を有する抗体またはその塩を生成すること。
Ab-E1-E2-E3-F (V-1)
〔式中、
Abは、抗体であり、
E1、E2、E3およびFは、上記式(IV-1)のものと同じである。〕
Ab-E1-X-Y-E3-F (V-2)
〔式中、
Abは、抗体であり、
E1、X、Y、E3およびFは、上記式(IV-2)のものと同じである。〕
Abは、抗体であり、
E1、環Z、環構成原子X’、E3およびFは、上記式(IV-3)のものと同じである。〕
Abは、抗体であり、
E1、環Z、E3およびFは、上記式(IV-4)のものと同じである。〕
本発明において、塩としては、例えば、無機酸との塩、有機酸との塩、無機塩基との塩、有機塩基との塩、およびアミノ酸との塩が挙げられる。無機酸との塩としては、例えば、塩化水素、臭化水素、リン酸、硫酸、硝酸との塩が挙げられる。有機酸との塩としては、例えば、ギ酸、酢酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、乳酸、酒石酸、フマル酸、シュウ酸、マレイン酸、クエン酸、コハク酸、リンゴ酸、ベンゼンスルホン酸、p-トルエンスルホン酸との塩が挙げられる。無機塩基との塩としては、例えば、アルカリ金属(例、ナトリウム、カリウム)、アルカリ土類金属(例、カルシウム、マグネシウム)、および亜鉛、アルミニウム等の他の金属、ならびにアンモニウムとの塩が挙げられる。有機塩基との塩としては、例えば、トリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、プロピレンジアミン、エチレンジアミン、ピリジン、エタノールアミン、モノアルキルエタノールアミン、ジアルキルエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミンとの塩が挙げられる。アミノ酸との塩としては、例えば、塩基性アミノ酸(例、アルギニン、ヒスチジン、リジン、オルニチン)、および酸性アミノ酸(例、アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸)との塩が挙げられる。塩は、好ましくは、無機酸(例、塩化水素)との塩、または有機酸(例、トリフルオロ酢酸)との塩である。
抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する本発明の化合物またはその塩は、例えば、生体直交性官能基による抗体の位置選択的な修飾に有用である。したがって、本発明は、抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩を含む、生体直交性官能基による抗体の位置選択的修飾試薬を提供する。生体直交性官能基による抗体の位置選択的修飾試薬において、抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩の詳細(例えば、定義、例および好ましい例)は、上述したものと同じである。
(1-1)抗体に対する親和性ペプチドの合成
抗体に対する親和性物質である下記に示したペプチドは、全て同様の方法にて調製した。Fmoc法によるRink amide樹脂をもちいたペプチド固相合成によって、N末端をアセチル基でキャッピングしたもの(化合物1,2,32~53)、N末端を3-(トリフェニルメチルチオ)プロピオン酸でキャッピングしたもの(化合物3,31,54)を調製し、トリフルオロ酢酸:水:トリイソプロピルシラン:エタンジチオール=94:2.5:1.0:2.5の溶液にて3時間攪拌することで樹脂からの切り出しと脱保護を行った。樹脂をフィルトレーションにより除去し、ジエチルエーテルを加え沈殿を行い、ジエチルエーテルをデカンテーションすることで除去し、ペプチドを粗結晶として得た。これを分取HPLCにて精製し、生成物である親和性ペプチドを得た。
下記に示したペプチド-アジド付加体(化合物4,5)は以下の通り合成した。後に官能基化する残基のLysのみmtt基で保護されたアミノ酸を用い、Fmoc法によるRink amide樹脂を持ちいたペプチド固相合成によって、N末端をアセチル基でキャッピングしたものを調製した。ジクロロメタン:トリフルオロ酢酸:トリイソプロピルシラン=90:5:5の溶液にて1時間攪拌させ、mtt基のみを脱保護した。樹脂をDMFで洗浄した後に、トリエチルアミン(50モル当量)、アジドアセチル酸NHSエステル(10モル当量),DMF4mL)に溶解させて添加し、16時間攪拌した。溶液を除去した後トリフルオロ酢酸:水:トリイソプロピルシラン=95:2.5:2.5の溶液にて1時間攪拌することで樹脂からの切り出しと脱保護を行った。樹脂をフィルトレーションにより除去し、ジエチルエーテルを加え沈殿を行い、ジエチルエーテルをデカンテーションすることで除去し、ペプチドを粗結晶として得た。これを分取HPLCにて精製し、生成物である親和性ペプチドアジド付加体を得た。
実施例1で合成した親和性ペプチドアジド体(化合物4)と実施例2で合成したイミダゾリルカルボニル化合物(化合物6,7,9)は全て同様の方法で連結させた。ペプチドアジド体を100mMのリン酸緩衝液(pH7.0)に溶解させ、アミノグアニジン塩酸塩(20モル当量)、アスコルビン酸ナトリウム(20モル当量)、100mg/mLのイミダゾリルカルボニル化合物(3モル当量)ジメチルスルホキシド溶液を加えた。この反応混合物に対して、別途調製した硫酸銅一水和物(4モル当量)とトリス(3-ヒドロキシプロピルトリアゾリルメチル)アミン (20モル当量)の水溶液を添加し、攪拌した。LC-MSで反応モニタリングを行い、原料の消失を確認した後、これを限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 3K MWCO))にて濃縮と水希釈を4回繰り返し、得られた水溶液を凍結乾燥して下記に示すぺプチド-イミダゾリルカルボニル化合物(化合物10,11,12)を取得した。
(1-1)IgG抗体トラスツズマブ-ペプチド複合体の合成
抗HER2 IgG抗体トラスツズマブ(中外製薬)20μgを100mMのHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)2.0μLに溶解させ、実施例2の(2-2)で合成したぺプチド-イミダゾリルカルボニル化合物(化合物10,11,12)をそれぞれ抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、37度で4時間攪拌した。反応液を限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 3K MWCO))により水置換しペプチド試薬を取り除くことで反応を停止させ、IgG抗体トラスツズマブ-ペプチド複合体を得た。
3種のぺプチド-イミダゾリルカルボニル化合物(化合物10,11,12)を用いて(1-1)で得られたIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-ペプチド複合体の3種ををSDS-PAGE(Mini-PROTEAN TGX gel,4~20%,Bio-RAD;還元条件下;Coomasie Brilliant Blue G-250 Stainにより染色)にて分析した結果を、図2に示す。この結果から、化合物10,11を用いたときには抗体の修飾反応が進行し、化合物12を用いた際には進行しないことが分かった。
実施例1で合成した親和性ペプチドアジド体(化合物5)と(4-1-1)、(4-1-2)で合成した保護チオール化合物(化合物17,18)は同様の方法で連結させた。ペプチドアジド体を100mMのリン酸緩衝液(pH7.0)に溶解させ、アミノグアニジン塩酸塩(20モル当量)、アスコルビン酸ナトリウム(20モル当量)、100mg/mLの保護チオール化合物(3モル当量)ジメチルスルホキシド溶液を加えた。この反応混合物に対して、別途調製した硫酸銅一水和物(4モル当量)とトリス(3-ヒドロキシプロピルトリアゾリルメチル)アミン(20モル当量)の水溶液を添加し、攪拌した。LC-MSで反応モニタリングを行い、原料の消失を確認した後、これを限外濾過(Amicon Ultra-4, 3K MWCO)にて濃縮と水希釈を4回繰り返し、得られた水溶液を凍結乾燥してぺプチド-保護チオール連結体(化合物17,18)を取得した。
(3-2)で合成した親和性ペプチド-保護チオール連結体(化合物16,17,18)を、トリフルオロ酢酸:ジクロロメタン=1:1溶液で1時間攪拌することにより、トリフェニルメチル基を除去した。反応終結をLC-MSで確認した後、分取HPLCにて精製した。目的物を含むフラクションをESI-MSで確認した後、凍結乾燥し生成物であるチオール-ペプチド連結体(化合物19,20,21)を得た。
(3-3)で合成したチオール-ペプチド連結体(化合物19,20,21)をジメチルスルホキシドに溶解させ、N-ヒドロキシマレイミド(20モル当量)のジメチルスルホキシド溶液を加え、1時間攪拌した。原料消失をLC-MSで確認した後、トランス-4-[(2,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロリ-1-イル)メチル)]シクロヘキサンカルボン酸(40モル当量)、1-エチル―3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸塩(30モル当量)、1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール(30モル当量)を加え、4時間攪拌した。反応終結をLC-MSで確認した後、分取HPLCにて精製した。目的物を含むフラクションをESI-MSで確認した後、凍結乾燥し生成物であるマレイミド-親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物22,23,24)を得た。
(3-5-1)N-ヒドロキシスクシンイミド―ペプチド連結体(化合物55)の合成
(1-1)で合成した化合物3をジメチルスルホキシドに溶解させ、トリエチルアミン(1当量)、N-ヒドロキシマレイミド(1.2当量)のジメチルスルホキシド溶液を加えて室温で1時間撹拌した。反応終結をLC-MSで確認した後、分取HPLCにて精製した。目的物を含むフラクションをESI-MSで確認した後、凍結乾燥し生成物であるN-ヒドロキシスクシンイミド―ペプチド連結体(化合物55)を得た。
(3-5-1)で得られたN-ヒドロキシスクシンイミド―ペプチド連結体、4-(N-マレイミドメチル)シクロヘキサンカルボン酸N-スクシンイミジル(20当量)をジメチルスルホキシドに溶解させ、トリエチルアミン(8当量)を加えた。室温で2時間撹拌後、LC-MSにて反応進行を確認した。分取HPLCにて精製、目的物を含むフラクションをESI-MSで確認した後、凍結乾燥し目的物であるマレイミドを搭載した抗体親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物56)を得た。
実施例1で合成した抗体親和性ペプチド(化合物36)をジメチルスルホキシドに溶解させ、2-イミノチオラン塩酸塩(10モル当量)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(15モル当量)を加え、1時間攪拌した。原料消失をLC-MSで確認した後、N-ヒドロキシマレイミド(20モル当量)のジメチルスルホキシド溶液を加え、1時間攪拌した。反応進行をLC-MSで確認した後、分取HPLCにて精製した。目的物を含むフラクションをESI-MSで確認した後、凍結乾燥し生成物であるヒドロキシマレイミド-親和性ペプチド体(化合物57)を得た。
(3-5-2)で得られたN-ヒドロキシスクシンイミド-ペプチド連結体(H1)、4-〔(2,5-ジオキソー2,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロール-1-イル)メチル〕ベイゾイックアシッド(20当量)をジメチルスルホキシドに溶解させ、トリエチルアミン(8当量)を加えた。室温で2時間撹拌後、LC-MSにて反応進行を確認した。分取HPLCにて精製、目的物を含むフラクションをESI-MSで確認した後、凍結乾燥し目的物であるマレイミドを搭載した抗体親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物58)を得た。
(4-1)チオールを有するペプチド試薬の合成
下記の化合物25をFmoc法による2-クロロトリチルレジンを用いたペプチド固相合成によって合成した。固相合成後、トリフルオロ酢酸:水:トリイソプロピルシラン=95:2.5:2.5の溶液にて1時間攪拌することで樹脂からの切り出しと脱保護を行った。樹脂をフィルトレーションにより除去し、ジエチルエーテルを加え沈殿を行い、ジエチルエーテルをデカンテーションすることで除去し、ペプチドを粗結晶として得た。これを分取HPLCにて精製し、生成物である下記化合物25を得た。化合物25は、親和性ペプチドではなく、生体直交性官能基であるマレイミドを位置選択的に有する抗体に対して、マレイミド基を介して導入されるべき、薬剤の代わりのモデルペプチド化合物である。
実施例4の(4-4)で合成したマレイミド-親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物22,23,24)をN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し2.18mMとした。抗HER2 IgG抗体トラスツズマブ(中外製薬)20.0μgを50mMHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)14.8μLに溶解させ、ペプチド試薬(10~40モル当量)を抗体に対して加えて、37度で4時間攪拌した。反応液を限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10K MWCO))により20mM 酢酸緩衝液(pH4.5)へと溶媒置換した。同操作を3回繰り返すことで親和性ペプチド試薬を取り除き、IgG抗体トラスツズマブ-マレイミド修飾体を得た。
実施例5の(5-2)で合成したIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-マレイミド修飾体を限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10K MWCO)により50mMHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)へ溶媒置換することで、系内のpHを中性に戻し、10mg/mLに調製した化合物25水溶液(抗体に対して80モル当量)を加え、16時間攪拌した。反応液を限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10K MWCO)により水置換しペプチド試薬を取り除くことで反応を停止させ、IgG抗体トラスツズマブ-ペプチド複合体を得た。
(4-3)で得られたIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-ペプチド複合体のをSDS-PAGE(Mini-PROTEAN TGX gel,4~20%,Bio-RAD;還元条件下;Coomasie Brilliant Blue G-250 Stainにより染色)にて分析した結果を、図3に示す。この結果から、マレイミドの位置選択的導入反応(5-2)において化合物22,23を用いたときには抗体の修飾反応が進行し、化合物24を用いた際には進行しないことが分かった。
(4-5-1)IgG抗体トラスツズマブ-マレイミド修飾体の合成(1)
実施例3の(3-5-2)で合成したマレイミドを搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物56)をN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し2.0mMとした。抗HER2 IgG抗体トラスツズマブ(中外製薬)250μgを50mMHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)230μLに溶解させ、2.0mMのペプチド試薬を抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、37度で16時間攪拌した。限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO)により濃縮することでIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-マレイミド修飾体を得た。
(4-5-1)で合成したトラスツズマブ-マレイミド修飾体に対して7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2.0μL(抗体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分放置した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50596,50757に重鎖ピーク、23439に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖にトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィンと反応したマレイミドが導入された51062,51224、および原料と同じ23439に軽鎖ピークが観測された。ESI-TOFMS解析結果を図4に示す。
(4-5-1)と同様に実施例3の(3-5-4)で合成したマレイミドを搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物58)を用いて、IgG抗体トラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体を得た。
(4-5-2)と同様に処理を行い、ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50602,50764に重鎖ピーク、23443に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖にN-アセチルシステインと反応したマレイミドが導入された50818,50979、および原料と同じ23443に軽鎖ピークが観測された。
(6-1)抗体修飾基(求電子基)のβ位に炭素原子を有する抗体修飾試薬での抗体修飾反応
(6-1-1)親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物27、化合物59)を用いた抗体修飾反応(アジド修飾抗体1,2)
実施例5で合成したアジドを搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物27)をN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し0.22mMとした。抗HER2 IgG抗体トラスツズマブ(中外製薬)200μgを50mMHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)1200μLに溶解させ、0.22mMのペプチド試薬を抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、37度で16時間攪拌した。反応液に10mg/mLのLys水溶液を50μL加え、30分攪拌することで反応を停止させた。反応混合物をProtein A(Aspire Protein A Tips,Thermo)にて精製し、溶出液を 9.57mM PBS緩衝液(pH7.0)へと置換し限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10K MWCO)により濃縮することでIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体(アジド修飾抗体1)を得た。
実施例5で合成したアジドを搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物28)をN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し0.22mMとした。抗HER2 IgG抗体トラスツズマブ(中外製薬)200μgを50mMHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)1200μLに溶解させ、0.22mMのペプチド試薬を抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、37度で16時間攪拌した。反応液に10mg/mLのLys水溶液を50μL加え、30分攪拌することで反応を停止させた。反応混合物をProtein A(Aspire Protein A Tips,Thermo)にて精製し、溶出液を 9.57mM PBS緩衝液(pH7.0)へと置換し限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10K MWCO)により濃縮することでIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体(アジド修飾抗体3)を得た。
実施例5で合成したアジドを搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物29)をN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し0.22mMとした。抗HER2 IgG抗体トラスツズマブ(中外製薬)200μgを50mMHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)1200μLに溶解させ、0.22mMのペプチド試薬を抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、37度で16時間攪拌した。反応液に10mg/mLのLys水溶液を50μL加え、30分攪拌することで反応を停止させた。反応混合物をProtein A(Aspire Protein A Tips,Thermo)にて精製し、溶出液を 9.57mM PBS緩衝液(pH7.0)へと置換し限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10K MWCO)により濃縮することでIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体を得た(アジド修飾抗体5)。
実施例5で合成したアジドを搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物66)をN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し2.0mMとした。抗TNF-α IgG抗体アダリムマブ(エーザイ)200μgを50mMHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)1200μLに溶解させ、2.0mMのペプチド試薬を抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、25度で16時間攪拌した。反応液に10mg/mLのLys水溶液を50μL加え、30分攪拌することで反応を停止させた。反応混合物をProtein A(Aspire Protein A Tips,Thermo)にて精製し、溶出液を 9.57mM PBS緩衝液(pH7.0)へと置換し限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10K MWCO)により濃縮することでIgG抗体アダリムマブ-アジド修飾体を得た(アジド修飾抗体28)。
(6-2-1)修飾反応に化合物27、化合物59を用いた際のトラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体(アジド修飾抗体1,2)の還元条件でのESI-TOFMS解析による重鎖選択性の確認
実施例6の(6-1-1)で合成したトラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体(アジド修飾抗体1)に対して7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2.0μL(抗体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分放置した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50595,50757に重鎖ピーク、23440に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖にアルキルアジドが導入された50733,50895、および原料と同じ23440に軽鎖ピークが観測された。ESI-TOFMS解析結果を図5に示す。
実施例6の(6-1-2)で合成したトラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体(アジド修飾抗体3)に対して7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2.0μL(抗体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分放置した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50595,50757に重鎖ピーク、23440に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖にアミン安息香酸が導入された50714,50876、および原料と同じ23440に軽鎖ピークが観測された。なお、測定前処理の7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩の還元反応により、アジド安息香酸導入体は還元されアミン安息香酸導入体となっている。ESI-TOFMS解析結果を図6に示す。
実施例6の(6-1-3)で合成したトラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体(アジド修飾抗体5)に対して7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2.0μL(抗体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分放置した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50595,50757に重鎖ピーク、23440に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖にアミン安息香酸が導入された50714,50876、および原料と同じ23440に軽鎖ピークが観測された。なお、測定前処理でアジド安息香酸導入体は還元されアミン安息香酸導入体となっている。
実施例6の(6-1-4)で合成したアダリムマブ-アジド修飾体(アジド修飾抗体28)に対して7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2.0μL(抗体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分放置した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、コントロールとして用いた原料のアダリムマブは50645,50764に重鎖ピーク、23412に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖にアミン安息香酸が導入された50763,50926、および原料と同じ23412に軽鎖ピークが観測された。なお、測定前処理の7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩の還元反応により、アジド安息香酸導入体は還元されアミン安息香酸導入体となっている(以下同様)。ESI-TOFMS解析結果を図10に示す。
実施例5で合成したβ位にヘテロ原子を有するペプチド試薬(化合物26)をN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し0.22mMとした。抗HER2 IgG抗体トラスツズマブ(中外製薬)200μgを50mMHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)1200μLに溶解させ、0.22mMのペプチド試薬を120μL(抗体に対して20モル当量)加えて、37度で16時間攪拌した。反応液に10mg/mLのLys水溶液を50μL加え、30分攪拌することで反応を停止させた。これを限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10K MWCO)によりPBS溶液へと溶媒置換した後、7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2.0μL(抗体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分放置した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50595,50757に重鎖ピーク、23440に軽鎖ピークが観測された。同様に反応生成物も50595,50757に重鎖ピーク、23440に軽鎖ピークが観測され、抗体修飾基(求電子基)のβ位にヘテロ原子を有する化合物26での抗体修飾反応は進行していないことが確認できた。
(7-1)保護チオール試薬と親和性ペプチドの連結による抗体修飾試薬(化合物84)の合成
(3-5-3)で合成したヒドロキシマレイミド-親和性ペプチド体(化合物57)をジメチルスルホキシド溶媒に溶かし、3-(アセチルチオ)プロピオン酸(40モル当量)、1-エチル-3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸塩(32モル当量)、1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール(32モル当量)を加え、2時間攪拌した。反応終結をLC-MSで確認した後、分取HPLCにて精製した。目的物を含むフラクションをESI-MSで確認した後、凍結乾燥し生成物であるアセチルチオール-親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物84)を得た。
(3-5-3)で合成したヒドロキシマレイミド-親和性ペプチド体(化合物57)をジメチルスルホキシド溶媒に溶かし、(S)-3-(ベンゾイルチオ)-2-メチルプロピオン酸(40モル当量)、1-エチル-3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸塩(32モル当量)、1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール(32モル当量)を加え、2時間攪拌した。反応終結をLC-MSで確認した後、分取HPLCにて精製した。目的物を含むフラクションをESI-MSで確認した後、凍結乾燥し生成物であるベンゾイルチオール-親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物85)を得た。
(8-1)チオール保護体搭載IgG1 Fc親和性ペプチド試薬での抗体修飾反応
(8-1-1)親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物84)を用いた抗体修飾反応
実施例7で合成した保護チオールを搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物84)をN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し2.0mMとした。抗HER2 IgG抗体トラスツズマブ(中外製薬)200μgを50mMHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)200μLに溶解させ、2.0mMのペプチド試薬を抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、25度で3時間攪拌した。反応液を限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO)により濃縮することでIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-保護チオール修飾体を得た。
実施例7で合成した保護チオールを搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物85)をN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し2.0mMとした。抗HER2 IgG抗体トラスツズマブ(中外製薬)200μgを50mMHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)200μLに溶解させ、2.0mMのペプチド試薬を抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、25度で3時間攪拌した。反応液を限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO)により濃縮することでIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-保護チオール修飾体を得た。
(8-2-1)修飾反応に親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物84)を用いた際のトラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体の還元条件でのESI-TOFMS解析による重鎖選択性の確認
(8-1-1)で合成したトラスツズマブ-保護チオール修飾体に対して7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2.0μL(抗体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分放置した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50594,50756に重鎖ピーク、23439に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖にアセチル保護チオール基が導入された50723,50885、および原料と同じ23439に軽鎖ピークが観測された。ESI-TOFMS解析結果を図14に示す。
(8-1-2)で合成したトラスツズマブ-保護チオール修飾体に対して7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2.0μL(抗体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分放置した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50594,50756に重鎖ピーク、23439に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖にベンゾイル保護チオール基が導入された50800,50962、および原料と同じ23439に軽鎖ピークが観測された。
(8-3-1)IgG抗体トラスツズマブ-アセチル保護チオール修飾体の脱保護
(8-2-1)で得た、IgG抗体抗体トラスツズマブ-アセチル保護チオール修飾体を20mMエチレンジアミン、0.5Mヒドロキシルアミン水溶液(pH6調製品)に置換し、室温で1時間静置した。反応液を限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO)により濃縮することでIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-チオール修飾体を得た。
(8-3-1)で脱保護したトラスツズマブ-チオール修飾体に対して7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2.0μL(抗体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分放置した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、反応生成物は重鎖にアセチル基が脱保護された50681,50844が観測され、アセチル基が外れてチオールとなっていることを確認できた。ESI-TOFMS解析結果を図15に示す。
(8-2-2)で得た、IgG抗体抗体トラスツズマブ-ベンゾイル保護チオール修飾体を20mMエチレンジアミン、0.5Mヒドロキシルアミン水溶液(pH6調製品)に置換し、室温で1時間静置した。反応液を限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO)により濃縮することでそれぞれのIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-チオール修飾体を得た。
(8-3-3)で脱保護したトラスツズマブ-チオール修飾体に対して7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2.0μL(抗体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分放置した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、反応生成物は重鎖にベンゾイル基が脱保護された50696,50858が観測されベンゾイル基が外れてチオールとなっていることを確認できた。
(9-1)2種類の親和性ペプチド試薬を段階的に用いた異なる複数標的領域の位置選択的修飾ESI-TOFMSによる解析
(9-1-1)2種類の親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物66、化合物64)を段階的に用いた複数個所位置特異的抗体修飾反応
実施例5で合成したアジドを搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物66)をN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し2.04mMとした。抗HER2 IgG抗体トラスツズマブ(中外製薬)300μgを50mM酢酸ナトリウム緩衝液(pH 4.7)300μLに溶解させ、2.04mMのペプチド試薬を抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、25度で3時間攪拌した。限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO)によりペプチド試薬残渣を除去し、得られた濃縮液を50mMHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)200μLにて希釈した。ここに、実施例5で合成したアジドを搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物64)の2.0mMN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミド溶液を抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、37度で16時間攪拌した。反応液に10mg/mLのLys水溶液を50μL加え、30分攪拌することで反応を停止させた。限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO)により濃縮することでIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体を得た。
実施例9の(9-1-1)で合成したトラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体に対して7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2.0μL(抗体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分放置した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50602,50764に重鎖ピーク、23443に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖に二つアミン安息香酸が導入された50841,51002が観測された。軽鎖ピークは原料と同じ23443が観測された。なお、測定前処理でアジド安息香酸導入体は還元されアミン安息香酸導入体となっている。ESI-TOFMS解析結果を図16に示す。
実施例5で合成したアジドを搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物64)をN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し2.0mMとした。抗HER2 IgG抗体トラスツズマブ(中外製薬)300μgを50mMHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)300μLに溶解させ、2.0mMのペプチド試薬を抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、37度で16時間攪拌した。限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO)によりペプチド試薬残渣を除去し、得られた濃縮液を50mM酢酸ナトリウム緩衝液(pH 4.7)200μLにて希釈した。ここに、実施例5で合成したアジドを搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物66)の2.04mMN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミド溶液を抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、37度で16時間攪拌した。反応液に10mg/mLのLys水溶液を50μL加え、30分攪拌することで反応を停止させた。限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO)により濃縮することでIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体を得た。
実施例9の(9-1-2)と同様の方法にてESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定した。コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50602,50764に重鎖ピーク、23443に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖に二つアミン安息香酸が導入された50840,51002が観測された。軽鎖ピークは原料と同じ23443が観測された。なお、測定前処理でアジド安息香酸導入体は還元されアミン安息香酸導入体となっている。
実施例7で合成したチオール保護体を搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物84)をN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し2.04mMとした。抗HER2 IgG抗体トラスツズマブ(中外製薬)300μgを50mM酢酸ナトリウム緩衝液(pH 4.7)300μLに溶解させ、2.04mMのペプチド試薬を抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、25度で3時間攪拌した。限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO)によりペプチド試薬残渣を除去し、得られた濃縮液を50mMHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)200μLにて希釈した。ここに、実施例5で合成したアジドを搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物64)の2.0mMN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミド溶液を抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、37度で16時間攪拌した。反応液に10mg/mLのLys水溶液を50μL加え、30分攪拌することで反応を停止させた。限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO)により濃縮することでIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体を得た。
(9-1-5)で合成したIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体について、実施例9の(9-1-2)と同様の方法にてESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定した。コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50597,50757に重鎖ピーク、23439に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖にアミン安息香酸とアセチル保護チオール基が導入された50843,51005が観測された。軽鎖ピークは原料と同じ23443が観測された。なお、測定前処理でアジド安息香酸導入体は還元されアミン安息香酸導入体となっている。ESI-TOFMS解析結果を図17に示す。
(9-2-1)複数誘導化部位を持つ親和性ペプチド(化合物86)の合成
実施例1で合成した抗体親和性ペプチド(化合物54)をジメチルスルホキシドに溶解させ、2-イミノチオラン塩酸塩(10モル当量)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(15モル当量)を加え、1時間攪拌した。原料消失をLC-MSで確認した後、N-ヒドロキシマレイミド(20モル当量)のジメチルスルホキシド溶液を加え、1時間攪拌した。反応進行をLC-MSで確認した後、4-アジド安息香酸(40モル当量)、1-エチル-3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸塩(32モル当量)、1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール(32モル当量)を加え、2時間攪拌した。反応終結をLC-MSで確認した後、分取HPLCにて精製した。目的物を含むフラクションをESI-MSで確認した後、凍結乾燥し生成物であるジ(アジド-フェニル)-親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物86)を得た。
実施例9の(9-2-1)で合成したジ(アジド-フェニル)-親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物86)をN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し2.0mMとした。抗HER2 IgG抗体トラスツズマブ(中外製薬)250μgを50mMHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)250μLに溶解させ、2.0mMのペプチド試薬を抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、25度で3時間攪拌した。反応液を限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO)により濃縮することでIgG抗体トラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体を得た。
実施例9の(9-2-2)で合成したトラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体に対して7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2.0μL(抗体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分放置した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50602,50764に重鎖ピーク、23443に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖に二つアミン安息香酸が導入された50841,51003が観測された。軽鎖ピークは原料と同じ23443が観測された。なお、測定前処理でアジド安息香酸導入体は還元されアミン安息香酸導入体となっている。ESI-TOFMS解析結果を図18に示す。
(10-1)トラスツズマブの位置特異的アジド導入体とCy3-シクロアルキンとのコンジュゲーション
(10-1-1)トラスツズマブの位置特異的アジド導入体とCy3-DBCOとのコンジュゲーションおよびESI-TOFMS解析
実施例6の(6-1-2)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体を20mM PBS緩衝液に溶解し0.3mMとした後、Sigma Aldrich製 Dibenzocyclooctyne-Cy3(0.94mM、ジメチルスルホキシドに溶解)を20μL添加し、室温で12時間攪拌した。反応液を限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10K MWCO)により水置換し反応を停止した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、トラスツズマブは148060にピークが観測され、(6-1-2)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド導入体は148489にピークが観測され、反応生成物はCy3が2つ導入された150487にピークが観測された(図19)。
(10-1-1)で合成したトラスツズマブ-Cy3複合体のPBS溶液に7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2μL(トラスツズマブ-Cy3複合体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分攪拌した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、原料である実施例6の(6-1-1)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド導入体は50714および50876に重鎖ピーク、23440に軽鎖ピークが観測され、トラスツズマブ-Cy3複合体は重鎖にCy3が導入された51722および51885にピークが観察され、原料と同じ23440に軽鎖ピークが観測された(図20)。なお、測定前処理の7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩の還元反応により、アジド安息香酸導入体は還元されアミン安息香酸導入体となっている。
(10-2-1)ペプチド-シクロアルキンの合成
下記の化合物30のペプチド部分をFmoc法による2-クロロトリチルレジンを用いたペプチド固相合成によって合成した。固相合成後、1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール(2モル当量)、1-エチル―3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸塩 (2モル当量)、トリエチルアミン(2モル当量)、5-(5,6-ジヒドロ-11,12-ジデヒドロジベンゾ[b,f][b,f]アゾシン-5(6H)-イル)-オキソペンタン酸(2.2モル当量)を随時添加し、19時間攪拌した。トリフルオロ酢酸:水:トリイソプロピルシラン=95:2.5:2.5の溶液にて1時間攪拌することで樹脂からの切り出しと脱保護を行い、切り出し後のろ液にはトリエチルアミンを加え中和した。樹脂をフィルトレーションにより除去し、ジエチルエーテルを加え沈殿を行い、ジエチルエーテルをデカンテーションすることで除去し、ペプチドを粗結晶として得た。これを分取HPLCにて精製し、生成物である下記化合物30を得た。
実施例6の(6-1-2)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体を20mM PBS緩衝液に溶解し0.3mMとした後、実施例7の(7-2-1)で合成したペプチド-シクロアルキン(化合物29)0.94mM水溶液を20μL添加し、室温で12時間攪拌した。反応液を限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10K MWCO)により水置換し反応を停止した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、トラスツズマブは148060にピークが観測され、(6-1-2)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド導入体は148489にピークが観測され、反応生成物はペプチドが2つ導入された150912にピークが観測された(図21)。
(10-2-2)で合成したトラスツズマブ-ペプチド複合体のPBS溶液に7mMトリス (2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2μL(トラスツズマブ-ペプチド複合体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分攪拌した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、原料である実施例6の(6-1-1)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド導入体は50714および50876に重鎖ピーク、23440に軽鎖ピークが観測され、トラスツズマブ-ペプチド複合体は重鎖にペプチドが導入された51941および52102にピークが観察され、原料と同じ23440に軽鎖ピークが観測された(図22)。なお、測定前処理の7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩の還元反応により、アジド安息香酸導入体は還元されアミン安息香酸導入体となっている。
(10-3-1)トラスツズマブの位置特異的チオール導入体とマレイミド化合物とのコンジュゲーションおよびESI-TOFMS解析
実施例8の(8-3-1)で合成したトラスツズマブのチオール導入体を20mM PBS緩衝液に溶解し0.3mMとした後、m-dPEG(登録商標)24-MALを5モル当量添加し、室温で12時間攪拌した。反応液を限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO)により処理した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、トラスツズマブは14822にピークが観測され、(8-3-3)で合成したトラスツズマブのチオール導入体は148243にピークが観測され、反応生成物はm-dPEG(登録商標)24-MALが二つ導入された150880にピークが観測された(図23)。
(10-3-1)で合成したトラスツズマブ-ペグ複合体のPBS溶液に7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2μL(トラスツズマブ-ペグ複合体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分攪拌した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、原料である実施例8の(8-3-3)で合成したトラスツズマブのチオール導入体は50682および50844に重鎖ピーク、23449に軽鎖ピークが観測され、反応生成物は重鎖にm-dPEG(登録商標)24-MALが導入された51922および52083にピークが観察され、原料と同じ23449に軽鎖ピークが観測された(図24)。
(11-1)トラスツズマブの生体直交性官能基導入体の糖鎖切断
(11-1-1)トラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体の糖鎖切断(1)
実施例6の(6-1-2)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体(アジド修飾抗体3)をPNGase F(NEW ENGLAND BioLabs,カタログ番号P0704)を用い、製造者プロトコルおよび特許(WO2017/191817の手法に従い、糖鎖の切断と後処理を行った。
実施例6の(6-1-3)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体(アジド修飾抗体5)をPNGase F(NEW ENGLAND BioLabs,カタログ番号P0704)を用い、製造者プロトコルおよび特許(WO2017/191817)の手法に従い、糖鎖の切断と後処理を行った。
実施例4の(4-5-1)で合成したトラスツズマブのマレイミド導入体を3-メルカプトプロピオン酸(20モル当量)存在下、PNGase F(NEW ENGLAND BioLabs,カタログ番号P0704)を用い、製造者プロトコルおよび特許(WO2017/19181757)の手法に従い、糖鎖の切断と後処理を行った。
実施例6の(6-1-1)で合成したトラスツズマブのアルキルアジド導入体(アジド修飾抗体2)をPNGase F(NEW ENGLAND BioLabs,カタログ番号P0704)を用い、製造者プロトコルおよび特許(WO2017/19181757)の手法に従い、糖鎖の切断と後処理を行った。
実施例6の(6-1-3)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体(アジド修飾抗体6)をPNGase F(NEW ENGLAND BioLabs,カタログ番号P0704)を用い、製造者プロトコルおよび特許(WO2017/19181757)の手法に従い、糖鎖の切断と後処理を行った。
実施例6の(6-1-3)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体(アジド修飾抗体8)をPNGase F(NEW ENGLAND BioLabs,カタログ番号P0704)を用い、製造者プロトコルおよび特許(WO2017/19181757)の手法に従い、糖鎖の切断と後処理を行った。
実施例6の(6-1-3)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体(アジド修飾抗体10)をPNGase F(NEW ENGLAND BioLabs,カタログ番号P0704)を用い、製造者プロトコルおよび特許(WO2017/19181757)の手法に従い、糖鎖の切断と後処理を行った。
実施例8の(8-1-3)で合成したトラスツズマブのアセチル保護チオール導入体をPNGase F(NEW ENGLAND BioLabs,カタログ番号P0704)を用い、製造者プロトコルおよび特許(WO2017/19181757)の手法に従い、糖鎖の切断と後処理を行った。
実施例9の(9-1-3)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸複数標的領域導入体をPNGase F(NEW ENGLAND BioLabs,カタログ番号P0704)を用い、製造者プロトコルおよび特許(WO2017/19181757)の手法に従い、糖鎖の切断と後処理を行った。
実施例9の(9-1-4)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジドーチオール複数標的領域導入体をPNGase F(NEW ENGLAND BioLabs,カタログ番号P0704)を用い、製造者プロトコルおよび特許(WO2017/19181757)の手法に従い、糖鎖の切断と後処理を行った。
実施例6の(6-1-4)で合成したデノスマブのアジド安息香酸導入体(アジド修飾抗体29)をPNGase F(NEW ENGLAND BioLabs,カタログ番号P0704)を用い、製造者プロトコルおよび特許(WO2017/19181757)の手法に従い、糖鎖の切断と後処理を行った。
実施例6の(6-1-4)で合成したデュピルマブのアジド安息香酸導入体(アジド修飾抗体30)をPNGase F(NEW ENGLAND BioLabs,カタログ番号P0704)を用い、製造者プロトコルおよび特許(WO2017/19181757)の手法に従い、糖鎖の切断と後処理を行った。
(11-2-1)トラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体の糖鎖切断物のトリプシン処理(1)
1.5mL低吸着マイクロテストチューブに(11-1-1)で得たトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体の糖鎖切断物のサンプル溶液を3.4μL、50mM炭酸水素アンモニウム緩衝液を6.6μL添加して計10μLとし、50mM炭酸水素アンモニウム緩衝液、20%トリフルオロエタノールに溶解した20mMのジチオスレイトール水溶液10μLを加えて65℃で1時間加温後、50mMのヨードアセトアミド水溶液10μLを添加し、遮光下室温にて30分間300rpmで振盪し反応させた。反応後、50mM炭酸水素アンモニウム緩衝液を40μL加えて撹拌し、20ng/μLのトリプシン水溶液を10μL添加して37℃で18時間酵素消化した。消化後、20%トリフルオロ酢酸水溶液を2μL添加し反応を止めた。その後、50mM炭酸水素アンモニウム緩衝液、0.5%トリフルオロ酢酸を用いて10倍希釈し、LC-MS/MS測定に使用した。
1.5mL低吸着マイクロテストチューブに(11-1-2)で得たトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体の糖鎖切断物のサンプル溶液を10μL、50mM炭酸水素アンモニウム緩衝液、20%トリフルオロエタノールに溶解した20mMのジチオスレイトール水溶液10μLを加えて65℃で1時間加温後、50mMのヨードアセトアミド水溶液10μLを添加し、遮光下室温で30分間300rpmで振盪し反応させた。反応後、50mM炭酸水素アンモニウム緩衝液を40μL加えて撹拌し、20ng/μLのトリプシン水溶液を10μL添加して37℃で18時間酵素消化した。消化後、20%トリフルオロ酢酸水溶液を2μL添加し反応を止めた。その後、50mM炭酸水素アンモニウム緩衝液、0.5%トリフルオロ酢酸を用いて10倍希釈し、LC-MS/MS測定に使用した。
1.5mL低吸着マイクロテストチューブに(11-1-3)で得たトラスツズマブのマレイミド導入体の糖鎖切断物のサンプル溶液を10μL加え、11-2-1と同様の処理を行いLC-MS/MS測定用サンプルを得た。
1.5mL低吸着マイクロテストチューブに(11-1-4)で得たトラスツズマブのアルキルアジド導入体の糖鎖切断物のサンプル溶液を10μL加え、11-2-1と同様の処理を行いLC-MS/MS測定用サンプルを得た。
1.5mL低吸着マイクロテストチューブに(11-1-5)で得たトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体の糖鎖切断物のサンプル溶液を10μL加え、11-2-1と同様の処理を行いLC-MS/MS測定用サンプルを得た。
1.5mL低吸着マイクロテストチューブに(11-1-6)で得たトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体の糖鎖切断物のサンプル溶液を10μL加え、11-2-1と同様の処理を行いLC-MS/MS測定用サンプルを得た。
1.5mL低吸着マイクロテストチューブに(11-1-7)で得たトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体の糖鎖切断物のサンプル溶液を10μL加え、11-2-1と同様の処理を行いLC-MS/MS測定用サンプルを得た。
1.5mL低吸着マイクロテストチューブに(11-1-8)で得たトラスツズマブのアセチルチオール導入体の糖鎖切断物のサンプル溶液を10μL加え、11-2-1と同様の処理を行いLC-MS/MS測定用サンプルを得た。
1.5mL低吸着マイクロテストチューブに(11-1-9)で得たトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体の糖鎖切断物のサンプル溶液を10μL加え、11-2-1と同様の処理を行いLC-MS/MS測定用サンプルを得た。
1.5mL低吸着マイクロテストチューブに(11-1-8)で得たトラスツズマブのアセチルチオールおよびアジド安息香酸導入体の糖鎖切断物のサンプル溶液を10μL加え、11-2-1と同様の処理を行いLC-MS/MS測定用サンプルを得た。
1.5mL低吸着マイクロテストチューブに(11-1-11)で得たデノスマブのアジド安息香酸導入体の糖鎖切断物のサンプル溶液を10μL加え、11-2-1と同様の処理を行いLC-MS/MS測定用サンプルを得た。
1.5mL低吸着マイクロテストチューブに(11-1-12)で得たデュピルマブのアジド安息香酸導入体の糖鎖切断物のサンプル溶液を10μL加え、11-2-1と同様の処理を行いLC-MS/MS測定用サンプルを得た。
(分析装置)
ナノHPLC:EASY-nLC 1000(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック)
質量分析計:トライブリッド質量分析計Orbitrap Fusion(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック)
トラップカラム:Acclaim PepMap(登録商標) 100,75μmx2cm(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック)
分析カラム:ESI-column(NTCC-360/75-3-125,75μm×12.5cm,3μm(日京テクノス))
移動相A:0.1%ギ酸水溶液
移動相B:0.1%ギ酸、アセトニトリル溶液
ローディング溶液:0.1%トリフルオロ酢酸水溶液
流速:300nL/min
サンプル注入量:0.3-1μL
グラジエント条件(B%):2%(0.0-0.5分)、2%→30%(0.5-23.5分)、30%→75%(23.5-25.5分)、75%(25.5-35.0分)
イオン化法:ESI, Positiveモード
スキャンタイプ:Data Dependent Aquisition
Activation Type:Collision Induced Dissociation(CID)
データの取得は付属ソフトであるXcalibur 3.0(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック)およびThermo Orbitrap Fusion Tune Application 2.0(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック)を用いて行った。
LC-MS/MS測定結果に対する修飾部位解析については、BioPharma Finder 3.0(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック)を用いて行った。
(11-5-1)トリプシン消化物のLC-MS/MSによる修飾部位の解析結果(1)
LC-MS/MSを用いた解析の結果、(11-2-1)で得たトラスツズマブアジド修飾体のトリプシン消化によるリジン残基への修飾部位(アミン安息香酸導入体(+119.037Da))を含むアミノ酸33残基からなるペプチド、THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR(配列番号11)のペプチドフラグメントのMSスペクトル(実測値:m/z 945.73328、理論値:945.73350、4価)が観測され(図29)、CIDスペクトルより重鎖のEU numberingにおける246位もしくは248位のリジン残基の修飾を示す、2価のy19に相当するm/z 1125.49(理論値:1125.11)のプロダクトイオンが確認された(図30)。
LC-MS/MSを用いた解析の結果、(11-2-2)で得たトラスツズマブアジド修飾体のトリプシン消化によるリジン残基への修飾部位(アミン安息香酸導入体(+119.037Da))を含むアミノ酸18残基からなるペプチド、FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPR(配列番号12)のペプチドフラグメントのMSスペクトル(実測値:m/z 760.38287、理論値:760.38390、3価)が観測され(図31)、CIDスペクトルより重鎖のEU numberingにおける288位もしくは290位のリジン残基の修飾を示す、2価のy16に相当するm/z 1009.83(理論値:1009.52)のプロダクトイオンが確認された(図32)。
LC-MS/MSを用いた解析の結果、(11-2-3)で得たトラスツズマブマレイミドMPA修飾体のトリプシン消化によるリジン残基への修飾部位(メルカプトプロピオン酸付加マレイミド導入体(+325.098Da))を含むアミノ酸33残基からなるペプチド、THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR(配列番号11)のペプチドフラグメントのMSスペクトル(実測値:m/z 997.24986、理論値:997.24908、4価)が観測され(図33)、CIDスペクトルより重鎖のEU numberingにおける246位もしくは248位のリジン残基の修飾を示す、2価のy20に相当するm/z 1256.96(理論値:1256.65)のプロダクトイオンが確認された(図34)。
LC-MS/MSを用いた解析の結果、(11-2-4)で得たトラスツズマブアルキルアジド修飾体のトリプシン消化によるリジン残基への修飾部位(アルキルアジド導入体(+139.075Da))を含むアミノ酸33残基からなるペプチド、THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR(配列番号11)のペプチドフラグメントのMSスペクトル(実測値:m/z 950.74263、理論値:950.74313、4価)が観測され(図35)、CIDスペクトルより重鎖のEU numberingにおける246位もしくは248位のリジン残基の修飾を示す、2価のy20に相当するm/z 1163.92(理論値:1163.64)のプロダクトイオンが確認された(図36)。
LC-MS/MSを用いた解析の結果、(11-2-5)で得たトラスツズマブアジド安息香酸修飾体のトリプシン消化によるリジン残基への修飾部位(アミン安息香酸導入体(+119.037Da))を含むアミノ酸19残基からなるペプチド、VVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYK(配列番号101)のペプチドフラグメントのMSスペクトル(実測値:m/z 783.08731、理論値:783.08690、3価)が観測され(図37)、CIDスペクトルより重鎖のEU numberingにおける317位のリジン残基の修飾を示す、2価のy17に相当するm/z 1075.31(理論値:1075.06)のプロダクトイオンが確認された(図38)。また、BioPharma Finderでの解析により、317位のリジン残基への修飾が高選択的に起こっていることが示された(図39)。
LC-MS/MSを用いた解析の結果、(11-2-6)で得たトラスツズマブアジド安息香酸修飾体のトリプシン消化によるリジン残基への修飾部位(アミン安息香酸導入体(+119.037Da))を含むアミノ酸18残基からなるペプチド、FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPR(配列番号12)のペプチドフラグメントのMSスペクトル(実測値:m/z 570.54026、理論値:570.53991、4価)が観測され(図40)、CIDスペクトルより重鎖のEU numberingにおける288位もしくは290位のリジン残基の修飾を示す、3価のy16に相当するm/z 673.48(理論値:673.35)のプロダクトイオンが確認された(図41)。また、BioPharma Finderでの解析により、288位もしくは290位のリジン残基への修飾が高選択的に起こっていることが示された(図42)。
LC-MS/MSを用いた解析の結果、(11-2-7)で得たトラスツズマブアジド安息香酸修飾体のトリプシン消化によるリジン残基への修飾部位(アミン安息香酸導入体(+119.037Da))を含むアミノ酸33残基からなるペプチド、THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR(配列番号11)のペプチドフラグメントのMSスペクトル(実測値:m/z 945.73501、理論値:945.73376、4価)が観測され(図43)、CIDスペクトルより重鎖のEU numberingにおける246位もしくは248位のリジン残基の修飾を示す、2価のy20に相当するm/z 1153.87(理論値:1153.62)のプロダクトイオンが確認された(図44)。また、BioPharma Finderでの解析により、246位もしくは248位のリジン残基への修飾が高選択的に起こっていることが示された(図45)。
LC-MS/MSを用いた解析の結果、(11-2-8)で得たトラスツズマブアセチルチオール修飾体のトリプシン消化によるリジン残基への修飾部位(カルバミドメチル化を受けたアセチルチオール導入体(+145.020Da))を含むアミノ酸33残基からなるペプチド、THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR(配列番号11)のペプチドフラグメントのMSスペクトル(実測値:m/z 952.23368、理論値:952.22942、4価)が観測され(図46)、CIDスペクトルより重鎖のEU numberingにおける246位もしくは248位のリジン残基の修飾を示す、2価のy20に相当するm/z 1166.95(理論値:1166.61)のプロダクトイオンが確認された(図47)。また、BioPharma Finderでの解析により、246位もしくは248位のリジン残基への修飾が高選択的に起こっていることが示された(図48)。
LC-MS/MSを用いた解析の結果、(11-2-9)で得たトラスツズマブアジド安息香酸修飾体のトリプシン消化によるリジン残基への修飾部位(アミン安息香酸導入体(+119.037Da))を含むアミノ酸33残基からなるペプチド、THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR(配列番号11)のペプチドフラグメントのMSスペクトル(実測値:m/z 945.74114、理論値:945.73376、4価)が観測され(図49)、CIDスペクトルより重鎖のEU numberingにおける246位もしくは248位のリジン残基の修飾を示す、2価のy20に相当するm/z 1153.94(理論値:1153.62)のプロダクトイオンが確認された(図50)。また、リジン残基への修飾部位(アミン安息香酸導入体(+119.037Da))を含むアミノ酸18残基からなるペプチド、FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPR(配列番号12)のペプチドフラグメントのMSスペクトル(実測値:m/z 570.54470、理論値:570.53991、4価)が観測され(図51)、CIDスペクトルより重鎖のEU numberingにおける288位もしくは290位のリジン残基の修飾を示す、3価のy14に相当するm/z 557.18(理論値:556.97)のプロダクトイオンが確認された(図52)。
LC-MS/MSを用いた解析の結果、(11-2-10)で得たトラスツズマブアセチルチオールおよびアジド安息香酸修飾体のトリプシン消化によるリジン残基への修飾部位(カルバミドメチル化を受けたアセチルチオール導入体(+119.037Da))を含むアミノ酸33残基からなるペプチド、THTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR(配列番号11)のペプチドフラグメントのMSスペクトル(実測値:m/z 952.23028、理論値:952.22942、4価)が観測され(図53)、CIDスペクトルより重鎖のEU numberingにおける246位もしくは248位のリジン残基の修飾を示す、2価のy20に相当するm/z 1166.90(理論値:1166.61)のプロダクトイオンが確認された(図54)。また、リジン残基への修飾部位(アミン安息香酸導入体(+119.037Da))を含むアミノ酸18残基からなるペプチド、FNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPR(配列番号12)のペプチドフラグメントのMSスペクトル(実測値:m/z 570.54030、理論値:570.53991、4価)が観測され(図55)、CIDスペクトルより重鎖のEU numberingにおける288位もしくは290位のリジン残基の修飾を示す、3価のy16に相当するm/z 673.52(理論値:673.35)のプロダクトイオンが確認された(図56)。さらに、BioPharma Finderでの解析により、246位もしくは248位のリジン残基へのカルバミドメチル化を受けたアセチルチオール修飾、および、288位もしくは290位のリジン残基へのアミン安息香酸修飾が高選択的に起こっていることが示された(図57)。
LC-MS/MSを用いた解析の結果、(11-2-11)で得たデノスマブアジド安息香酸修飾体のトリプシン消化によるリジン残基への修飾部位(アミン安息香酸導入体(+119.037Da))を含むアミノ酸33残基からなるペプチド、CCVECPPCPAPPVAGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR(配列番号102)のペプチドフラグメントのMSスペクトル(実測値:m/z 961.72078、理論値:961.71980、4価)が観測され(図58)、CIDスペクトルより重鎖の配列中の番号(すなわち、N末のアミノ酸を1番目とする。以下同様)における247位もしくは249位のリジン残基の修飾を示す、3価のy23に相当するm/z 872.08(理論値:871.81)のプロダクトイオンが確認された(図59)。また、BioPharma Finderでの解析により、247位もしくは249位のリジン残基への修飾が高選択的に起こっていることが示された(図60)。
LC-MS/MSを用いた解析の結果、(11-2-12)で得たデュピルマブアジド安息香酸修飾体のトリプシン消化によるリジン残基への修飾部位(アミン安息香酸導入体(+119.037Da))を含むアミノ酸34残基からなるペプチド、YGPPCPPCPAPEFLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISR(配列番号103)のペプチドフラグメントのMSスペクトル(実測値:m/z 972.99064、理論値:972.98886、4価)が観測され(図61)、CIDスペクトルより重鎖の配列中の番号における251位もしくは253位のリジン残基の修飾を示す、3価のy29に相当するm/z 1105.98(理論値:1105.58)のプロダクトイオンが確認された(図62)。また、BioPharma Finderでの解析により、251位もしくは253位のリジン残基への修飾が高選択的に起こっていることが示された(図63)。
(12-1)トラスツズマブの位置特異的アジド導入体とDBCO-DM1とのコンジュゲーション
(12-1-1)位置選択的トラスツズマブ-DM1コンジュゲートの合成
実施例6の(6-1-2)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体(アジド抗体3)0.9mgを473μLの100mM PBS、10mM EDTAバッファーに溶解させたのち、51μLのN,N’-ジメチルアセトアミドとDBCO-DM1(Abzena社製、化合物87)をN,N’-ジメチルアセトアミドに溶解し4mMとしたものを2μL添加し25℃で16時間攪拌した。反応後、NAP-5カラムにより抽出し、DM1を取り除いた。
ESI-TOFMSはアジレント社製のAgilent 6550 coupled to Agilent 1290 UPLC with DAD detector, Autosampler cooling and Thermostatted column compartmentを使用した。ソフトウェアはMassHunterを使用し、DARを算出した。生成物はDM1が2つ導入された150531およびDM1が1つ導入された149827にピークが観測され、平均DARは1.8と算出された(図64)。
(12-1-1)で合成したトラスツズマブ-DM1コンジュゲートのPBS溶液に7mMトリス (2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2μL(トラスツズマブ-DM1コンジュゲートに対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分攪拌した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、原料である実施例6の(6-1-1)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド導入体は50715および50877に重鎖ピーク、23440に軽鎖ピークが観測され、トラスツズマブ-DM1コンジュゲートは重鎖にDM1が導入された51748および519097にピークが観察され、原料と同じ23440に軽鎖ピークが観測された(図65)。なお、測定前処理の7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩の還元反応により、アジド安息香酸導入体は還元されアミン安息香酸導入体となっている。
(12-2-1)位置選択的トラスツズマブ-MMAEコンジュゲートの合成
実施例6の(6-1-2)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド安息香酸導入体(アジド抗体3)を0.5mgを実施例12の(12-1-1)と同様の手法にて、DBCO-MMAE(Abzena社製、化合物88)と反応させた。反応後、NAP-5カラムにより抽出し、DBCO-MMAEを取り除いた。
実施例12の(12-1-2)と同様の手法にてDARを算出した。生成物はMMAEが2つ導入された151336およびMMAEが1つ導入された149972にピークが観測され、平均DARは1.8と算出された(図66)。
(12-2-1)で合成したトラスツズマブ-MMAEコンジュゲートのPBS溶液に7mMトリス (2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2μL(トラスツズマブ-DM1コンジュゲートに対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分攪拌した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、原料である実施例6の(6-1-1)で合成したトラスツズマブのアジド導入体は50715および50877に重鎖ピーク、23440に軽鎖ピークが観測され、トラスツズマブ-MMAEコンジュゲートは重鎖にMMAEが導入された52154および52316にピークが観察され、原料と同じ23440に軽鎖ピークが観測された(図67)。なお、 測定前処理の7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩の還元反応により、アジド安息香酸導入体は還元されアミン安息香酸導入体となっている。
(12-3-1)位置選択的リツキシマブ-DM1コンジュゲートの合成
実施例6の(6-1-4)で合成したリツキシマブのアジド安息香酸導入体(アジド修飾抗体101)を実施例12の(12-1-1)と同様の手法にて、DBCO-DM1(Abzena社製、化合物87)と反応させた。反応後、NAP-5カラムにより抽出し、DBCO-DM1を取り除いた。
実施例12の(12-1-2)と同様の手法にてDARを算出した。生成物はDM1が2つ導入された149549およびDM1が1つ導入された148845にピークが観測され、平均DARは1.8と算出された(図68)。
(12-3-1)で合成したリツキシマブ-DM1コンジュゲートのPBS溶液に7mMトリス (2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2μL(トラスツズマブ-DM1コンジュゲートに対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分攪拌した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、原料である実施例6の(6-1-4)で合成したリツキシマブのアジド導入体は50635および50797に重鎖ピーク、23040に軽鎖ピークが観測され、リツキシマブ-DM1コンジュゲートは重鎖にDM1が導入された51668および51831にピークが観察され、原料と同じ23040に軽鎖ピークが観測された(図69)。なお、 測定前処理の7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩の還元反応により、アジド安息香酸導入体は還元されアミン安息香酸導入体となっている。
(12-4-1)位置選択的リツキシマブ-MMAEコンジュゲートの合成
実施例6の(6-1-4)で合成したリツキシマブのアジド安息香酸導入体(アジド修飾抗体101)を実施例12の(12-1-1)と同様の手法にて、DBCO-MMAE(Abzena社製、化合物88)と反応させた。反応後、NAP-5カラムにより抽出し、DBCO-MMAEを取り除いた。
実施例12の(12-2)と同様の手法にてDARを算出した。生成物はMMAEが2つ導入された150354およびMMAEが1つ導入された148994にピークが観測され、平均DARは1.6と算出された(図70)。
(12-4-1)で合成したリツキシマブ-MMAEコンジュゲートのPBS溶液に7mMトリス (2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2μL(リツキシマブ-MMAEコンジュゲートに対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分攪拌した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、原料である実施例6の(6-1-4)で合成したリツキシマブのアジド導入体は50635および50797に重鎖ピーク、23040に軽鎖ピークが観測され、リツキシマブ-MMAEコンジュゲートは重鎖にMMAEが導入された52071および52233にピークが観察され、原料と同じ23040に軽鎖ピークが観測された(図71)。なお、測定前処理の7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩の還元反応により、アジド安息香酸導入体は還元されアミン安息香酸導入体となっている。
(13-1)ペイロードモデル搭載IgG1 Fc親和性ペプチド試薬の合成
(13-1-1)ペイロードモデル搭載IgG1 Fc親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物89)の合成
実施例1で合成した抗体親和性ペプチド(化合物36)をジメチルスルホキシドに溶解させ、2-イミノチオラン塩酸塩(10モル当量)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(15モル当量)を加え、1時間攪拌した。原料消失をLC-MSで確認した後、N-ヒドロキシマレイミド(20モル当量)のジメチルスルホキシド溶液を加え、1時間攪拌した。反応進行をLC-MSで確認した後、Fmoc-N-アミド-dPEG12酸(40モル当量)、1-エチル-3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸塩(32モル当量)、1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール(32モル当量)を加え、2時間攪拌した。反応終結をLC-MSで確認した後、分取HPLCにて精製した。目的物を含むフラクションをESI-MSで確認した後、凍結乾燥し生成物であるFmoc-N-amido-dPEG12-親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物89))を得た。
実施例(13-1-1)と同様にして、ビオチン-親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物90)を得た。
(13-2-1)ペイロードモデルdPEG12搭載IgG1 Fc親和性ペプチド試薬によるIgG1 Fcの位置特異的ペイロードモデル導入およびESI-TOFMS解析
(13-1-1)で合成したペイロードモデル搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物89)をN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し2.0mMとした。抗HER2 IgG抗体トラスツズマブ(中外製薬)200μgを50mMHEPES緩衝液(pH 7.2)200μLに溶解させ、2.0mMのペプチド試薬を抗体に対して20モル当量加えて、25度で3時間攪拌した。反応液を限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO)により濃縮することでIgG抗体ペイロードモデルdPEG12導入体を得た。
(13-1-2)で合成したペイロードモデル搭載した親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物90)を用い、(13-2-1)と同様の検討を行い、IgG抗体ペイロードモデルビオチン導入体を得た。
(13-3-1)ペイロードモデルdPEG12搭載IgG1 Fc親和性ペプチド試薬によるIgG1 Fcの位置特異的ペイロードモデル導入の還元条件でのESI-TOFMSによる解析
(13-2-1)で合成したトラスツズマブ-ペイロードモデルに対して7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2.0μL(抗体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分放置した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50602,50764に重鎖ピーク、23443に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖にFmoc-dPEG12が導入された51425,51584、および原料と同じ23443に軽鎖ピークが観測された。
(13-2-2)で合成したトラスツズマブ-ペイロードモデルに対して7mMトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩溶液2.0μL(抗体に対して100等量)を加えて、室温で20分放置した。ESI-TOFMSにより質量を測定したところ、コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50596,50757に重鎖ピーク、23439に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖にビオチンが導入された50820,50982、および原料と同じ23439に軽鎖ピークが観測された。
(14-1)MMAE搭載IgG1 Fc親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物91)の合成
実施例5で合成したFc親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物66)をN,N’-ジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し0.22mMとした。DBCO-MMAE(Abzena社製、化合物91)を加え、25度で16時間攪拌した。原料消失をLC-MSで確認し、生成物であるMMAE搭載Fc親和性ペプチド試薬を得た。
抗HER2 IgG抗体トラスツズマブ(中外製薬)200μgを用い、(14-1)で合成したMMAE搭載Fc親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物91)と実施例13の(13-2)と同様の手法にて反応させた。反応液を限外濾過(Amicon Ultra, 10k MWCO)により濃縮することで位置選択的トラスツズマブ-MMAEコンジュゲートを得た。
(15-1)抗体に対する親和性ペプチドの合成
(1-1)に示す方法で、化合物92を合成、取得した。
(15-1)で合成した抗体親和性ペプチドをジメチルスルホキシドに溶解させ、1-エチル―3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸塩(40モル当量)、1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール(40モル当量)を加え、攪拌した。そこへ2-アミノエタノール溶液(40モル当量)とトリエチルアミン(1モル当量)を加え、室温で1時間撹拌した。LC-MSを測定し後、逆相HPLCで分離精製を行った。各フラクションをMSにて確認し、目的物が含まれるフラクションを凍結乾燥した。得られた化合物をジメチルスルホキシドに溶かし、トリエチルアミン(1モル当量)とN-ヒドロキシマレイミド(1.2モル当量)を加えて室温で1時間撹拌し、LC-MS測定を行い反応の進行を確認した。4-アジド安息香酸(40モル当量)、1-エチル-3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸塩(32モル当量)、1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール(32モル当量)を加え、2時間攪拌した。反応終結をLC-MSで確認した後、分取HPLCにて精製した。目的物を含むフラクションをESI-MSで確認した後、凍結乾燥し生成物であるアジド-フェニル-親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物93)を得た。
(15-2)で合成したアジドを搭載した親和性ペプチド(化合物93)を用い、(6-1-3)に示す方法で反応を行い、IgG抗体トラスツズマブ-アジド修飾抗体を得た。
(15-3)で得られたトラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体を、実施例6の(6-2-3)に示す方法で還元、ESI-TOFMS解析を行った。コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50602,50764に重鎖ピーク、23443に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖にアミン安息香酸が導入された50725,50885、および23446に軽鎖ピークが観測された。
(16-1)チオグリコール酸エステル脱離基とするリンカー(化合物95)の合成
ジチオジグリコール酸をジクロロメタンに溶解し、グリシン t-ブチルエステル(2.2モル当量)、N,N-ジイソプロピルアミン(4.8モル当量)、1-エチル―3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸塩(2.4モル当量)を加え1時間撹拌した。反応液を水で分液洗浄後、得られた有機層を減圧下濃縮した。得られた残渣をN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド/水(1:1)で溶解し、トリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩(1.3モル当量)を加え、室温で1時間撹拌した。酢酸エチルにて抽出後、減圧濃縮し、酢酸エチル/ヘキサンでシリカゲルカラム処理を行い、化合物94を得た。
(1-1)で合成した抗体親和性ペプチド(化合物36)に、(16-1)で合成したリンカー(化合物95)(40モル当量)、1-エチル―3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸塩(32モル当量)、1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール(32モル当量)を加え、2時間攪拌した。反応終結をLC-MSで確認した後、分取HPLCにて精製した。目的物を含むフラクションをESI-MSで確認した後、凍結乾燥し生成物であるアジド-フェニル-親和性ペプチド試薬(化合物96)を得た。
(16-2)で合成したアジドを搭載した親和性ペプチド(化合物96)を用い、(6-1-3)に示す方法で反応を行い、IgG抗体トラスツズマブ-アジド修飾抗体を得た。
(16-3)で得られたトラスツズマブ-アジド修飾体を、実施例6の(6-2-3)に示す方法で還元、ESI-TOFMS解析を行った。コントロールとして用いた原料のトラスツズマブは50602,50764に重鎖ピーク、23443に軽鎖ピークが観測された。反応生成物は重鎖にアミン安息香酸が導入された50720,50882、および原料と同じ23443に軽鎖ピークが観測された。
以上の結果をまとめると、実施例で使用した親和性ペプチドのアミノ酸配列、および実施例で製造した化合物を用いて製造することができる、生体直交性官能基を有する抗体の概要は、以下のとおりである。
(1)246位及び/又は248位のリジン残基
例えば、トラスツズマブの246位及び/又は248位のリジン残基の修飾に関する実施例11(11-5-1)、(11-5-3)、(11-5-4)、(11-5-7)、(11-5-8)、(11-5-9)、および(11-5-10)、デノスマブの247位及び/又は249位のリジン残基(EU numberingにおけるヒトIgGの246位及び/又は248位のリジン残基に相当)の修飾に関する実施例11(11-5-11)、ならびにデュピルマブの251位及び/又は253位のリジン残基(EU numberingにおけるヒトIgGの246位及び/又は248位のリジン残基に相当)の修飾に関する実施例11(11-5-12)を参照;
(2)288位及び/又は290位のリジン残基
例えば、実施例11(11-5-2)、(11-5-6)、(11-5-9)、および(11-5-10)を参照;
(3)317位のリジン残基
例えば、実施例11(11-5-5)を参照。
A-L-E-B (I)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Bは、生体直交性官能基であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕
Claims (37)
- 下記式(I):
A-L-E-B (I)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Bは、生体直交性官能基であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩。 - 前記親和性物質がペプチドである、請求項1記載の化合物またはその塩。
- 前記ペプチドが、モノクローナル抗体の定常領域に対する結合能を有するペプチドである、請求項2記載の化合物またはその塩。
- 前記ペプチドが、モノクローナル抗体のFc領域に対する結合能を有するペプチドである、請求項2または3記載の化合物またはその塩。
- 前記ペプチドが、IgGのFc領域に対する結合能を有するペプチドである、請求項4記載の化合物またはその塩。
- 前記ペプチドが、10~40のアミノ酸残基を有する、請求項2~5記載のいずれか一項記載の化合物またはその塩。
- 前記ペプチドが、
(a)(a-1-1)FNMQQQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDD(配列番号11)のアミノ酸配列、または、
(a-1-2)FNMQCQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDDC(配列番号12)のアミノ酸配列において、
配列中のいずれかの1~3つのアミノ酸残基が、同一でも異なってもよく、リジン残基、アスパラギン酸残基、およびグルタミン酸残基からなる群より選ばれる各々1つのアミノ酸残基により置換されているか、
(a-2-1)β-Ala-NMQQQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDD(配列番号13)のアミノ酸配列、または、
(a-2-2)β-Ala-NMQCQRRFYEALHDPNLNEEQRNARIRSIRDDC(配列番号14)のアミノ酸配列において、
配列中のいずれかの1~3つのアミノ酸残基が、同一でも異なってもよく、リジン残基、アスパラギン酸残基、およびグルタミン酸残基からなる群より選ばれる各々1つのアミノ酸残基により置換されており、かつ
(b)配列番号11~14の前記アミノ酸配列各々に対して85%以上の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項2~6のいずれか一項記載の化合物またはその塩。 - 前記ペプチドが、
式1-1:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-I-I-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号15)
式1-2:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-I-V-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号16)
式1-3:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-V-V-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号17)
式1-4:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-A-V-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号18)
式1-5:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-L-L-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号19)
式1-6:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-L-I-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号20)
式1-7:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-L-V-F-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号21)
式1-8:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-Q-V-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号22)
式1-9:(X0-3)a-C-Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-E-V-W-C-(X0-3)b(配列番号23)
〔式中、
(X0-3)aは、なし、アルギニン残基-グリシン残基-アスパラギン残基、アスパラギン酸残基、グリシン残基-アスパラギン残基、またはアスパラギン残基であり、
(X0-3)bは、なし、スレオニン残基-チロシン残基-ヒスチジン残基、またはスレオニン残基であり、
Xaa1は、アラニン残基であり、
Xaa2は、チロシン残基、トリプトファン残基、またはヒスチジン残基であり、
Xaa3は、ヒスチジン残基、フェニルアラニン残基、チロシン残基、トリプトファン残基、アルギニン残基、またはグリシン残基であり、
Xaa4は、リジン残基、アスパラギン酸残基、またはグルタミン酸残基であり、
Xaa5は、グリシン残基、セリン残基、アスパラギン残基、グルタミン残基、アスパラギン酸残基、グルタミン酸残基、フェニルアラニン残基、チロシン残基、トリプトファン残基、ヒスチジン残基、スレオニン残基、ロイシン残基、アラニン残基、バリン残基、イソロイシン残基、またはアルギニン残基であり、
Xaa6は、グルタミン残基、グルタミン酸残基、アスパラギン残基、またはアスパラギン酸残基である。〕、あるいは
式2-1:(X0-3’)a-C-(Xaa1’)-(Xaa2’)-(Xaa3’)-(Xaa4’)-(Xaa5’)-(Xaa6’)-L-V-W-C-(X0-3’)b(配列番号24)
〔式中、
(X0-3’)aおよび(X0-3’)bはそれぞれ、前記(X0-3)aおよび(X0-3)bと同じであり、
Xaa1’、Xaa2’、Xaa3’、Xaa4’、Xaa5’、Xaa6’はそれぞれ、前記Xaa1、Xaa2、Xaa3、Xaa4、Xaa5、Xaa6と同じである。〕のいずれかのアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項2~6のいずれか一項記載の化合物またはその塩。 - 前記脱離基が、(1)-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、または(2)ヘテロアリーレンである、請求項1~8のいずれか一項記載の化合物またはその塩。
- 前記求核基が、リジン残基の側鎖におけるNH2、チロシン残基の側鎖におけるOH、セリン残基の側鎖におけるOH、スレオニン残基の側鎖におけるOH、およびシステイン残基の側鎖におけるSHからなる群より選ばれる基である、請求項1~9のいずれか一項記載の化合物またはその塩。
- 前記求電子基が、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基である、請求項1~10のいずれか一項記載の化合物またはその塩。
- 前記生体直交性官能基が、アジド残基、アルデヒド残基、チオール残基、アルキン残基、アルケン残基、ハロゲン残基、テトラジン残基、ニトロン残基、ヒドロキシルアミン残基、ニトリル残基、ヒドラジン残基、ケトン残基、ボロン酸残基、シアノベンゾチアゾール残基、アリル残基、ホスフィン残基、マレイミド残基、ジスルフィド残基、チオエステル残基、α―ハロカルボニル残基、イソニトリル残基、シドノン残基、およびセレン残基からなる群より選ばれる基である、請求項1~11のいずれか一項記載の化合物またはその塩。
- 前記生体直交性官能基が、アジド残基、チオール残基、アルキン残基、マレイミド残基、およびジスルフィド残基からなる群より選ばれる基である、請求項1~12のいずれか一項記載の化合物またはその塩。
- 前記式(I)で表される化合物が、下記式(I-1):
A-L1-L2-E1-E2-E3-B (I-1)
〔式中、
AおよびBは、前記式(I)のものと同じであり、
L1は、結合または2価の基であり、
L2は、脱離基であり、
E1は、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基であり、
E2は、(a)-X-Y-〔ここで、E1と結合するXは、C(R1)(R2)(ここで、R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、N(R3)(ここで、R3は、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、O、S、またはSeであり、E3と結合するYは、C(R4)(R5)(ここで、R4およびR5はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、あるいは(b)下記式(i):
E3は、E2が-X-Y-の場合には2価の基であり、E2が式(i)で表される基の場合には結合または2価の基であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりE1から切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される化合物である、請求項1~13のいずれか一項記載の化合物またはその塩。 - 前記L2が、
(a)環P-Q-〔ここで、環Pが、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいアリーレン、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいヘテロアリーレン、縮環していてもよい2,5-ジケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2,6-ジケトピペリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピペリジン、2-ピリドンからなる群より選ばれる基であり、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、
(b)ヘテロアリーレン、あるいは
(c)-Q-〔ここで、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕である、請求項14記載の化合物またはその塩。 - AとEとを連結するLまたはL1-L2の主鎖が20個以下の原子からなる、請求項1~16のいずれか一項記載の化合物またはその塩。
- 前記式(I-1)で表される化合物が、下記式(I-2):
A-L1-L2-E1-X-Y-E3-B (I-2)
〔式中、
A、L1、X、Y、およびBは、前記式(I-1)のものと同じであり、
L2は、
(a)環P-Q-〔ここで、環Pが、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいアリーレン、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいヘテロアリーレン、縮環していてもよい2,5-ジケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2,6-ジケトピペリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピペリジン、2-ピリドンからなる群より選ばれる基であり、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、
(b)ヘテロアリーレン、あるいは
(c)-Q-〔ここで、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕であり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、2価の基である。〕で表される化合物である、請求項14~17のいずれか一項記載の化合物またはその塩。 - 前記式(I-1)で表される化合物が、下記式(I-3):
A、L1、環Z、およびBは、前記式(I-1)のものと同じであり、
L2は、
(a)環P-Q-〔ここで、環Pが、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいアリーレン、電子吸引性基で置換されていてもよいヘテロアリーレン、縮環していてもよい2,5-ジケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2,6-ジケトピペリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピロリジン、縮環していてもよい2-ケトピペリジン、2-ピリドンからなる群より選ばれる基であり、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、
(b)ヘテロアリーレン、あるいは
(c)-Q-〔ここで、Qが、-O-、-S-、-Se-、-SO2-O-、-SO2-N(R)-、-SO2-、-C≡C-CH2-O-、-N(OR)-、-N(R)-、および-O-N(R)-からなる群より選ばれる基(ここで、Rは、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕であり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、結合または2価の基である。〕で表される化合物である、請求項14~17のいずれか一項記載の化合物またはその塩。 - 下記式(I):
A-L-E-B (I)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Bは、生体直交性官能基であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩を含む、生体直交性官能基による抗体の位置選択的修飾試薬。 - 生体直交性官能基を有する抗体またはその塩の製造方法であって、
下記式(I):
A-L-E-B (I)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Bは、生体直交性官能基であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩を、抗体と反応させて、
下記式(II):
Ab-E-B (II)
〔式中、
EおよびBは、前記式(I)のものと同じであり、
Abは、抗体である。〕で表される、生体直交性官能基を有する抗体またはその塩を生成することを含む、方法。 - 機能性物質を有する抗体またはその塩の製造方法であって、
(1)下記式(I):
A-L-E-B (I)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Bは、生体直交性官能基であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および生体直交性官能基を有する化合物またはその塩を、抗体と反応させて、
下記式(II):
Ab-E-B (II)
〔式中、
EおよびBは、前記式(I)のものと同じであり、
Abは、抗体である。〕で表される、生体直交性官能基を有する抗体またはその塩を生成すること;ならびに
(2)前記式(II)で表される、生体直交性官能基を有する抗体またはその塩を、生体直交性官能基を介して機能性物質と反応させて、
下記式(III):
Ab-E-B’-F (III)
〔式中、
Abは、前記式(II)のものと同じであり、
Eは、前記式(I)のものと同じであり、
B’は、機能性物質と生体直交性官能基との間の反応により生成する部分を含む2価の基であり、
Fは、機能性物質である。〕で表される、機能性物質を有する抗体またはその塩を生成することを含む、方法。 - 下記式(II-1):
Ab-E1-E2-E3-B (II-1)
〔式中、
Abは、抗体であり、
E1は、抗体中の求核基と連結している求電子基であり、
E2は、(a)-X-Y-〔ここで、E1と結合するXは、C(R1)(R2)(ここで、R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、N(R3)(ここで、R3は、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、O、S、またはSeであり、E3と結合するYは、C(R4)(R5)(ここで、R4およびR5はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、あるいは(b)下記式(i):
E3は、E2が-X-Y-の場合には2価の基であり、E2が式(i)で表される基の場合には結合または2価の基であり、
Bは、生体直交性官能基である。〕で表される、生体直交性官能基を位置選択的に有する抗体またはその塩。 - 前記抗体が、モノクローナル抗体の定常領域のみに生体直交性官能基を有する抗体である、請求項23記載の抗体またはその塩。
- 前記抗体が、モノクローナル抗体のFc領域のみに生体直交性官能基を有する抗体である、請求項23または請求項24記載の抗体またはその塩。
- 前記抗体が、ヒトIgG Fc領域における246~248位または288~290位のアミノ酸残基からなる領域において、生体直交性官能基を位置選択的に有するヒトIgGである、請求項23~25のいずれか一項記載の抗体またはその塩。
- 前記式(II-1)で表される前記抗体が、下記式(II-2):
Ab-E1-X-Y-E3-B (II-2)
〔式中、
Ab、X、Y、およびBは、前記式(II-1)のものと同じであり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、2価の基である。〕で表される、生体直交性官能基を位置選択的に有する抗体である、請求項23~26のいずれか一項記載の抗体またはその塩。 - 下記式(III-1):
Ab-E1-E2-E3-B’-F (III-1)
〔式中、
Abは、抗体であり、
E1は、抗体中の求核基と連結している求電子基であり、
E2は、(a)-X-Y-〔ここで、E1と結合するXは、C(R1)(R2)(ここで、R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、N(R3)(ここで、R3は、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)、O、S、またはSeであり、E3と結合するYは、C(R4)(R5)(ここで、R4およびR5はそれぞれ独立して、水素原子または炭素原子数1~6のアルキルである。)である。〕、あるいは(b)下記式(i):
E3は、E2が-X-Y-の場合には2価の基であり、E2が式(i)で表される基の場合には結合または2価の基であり、
B’は、機能性物質と生体直交性官能基との間の反応により生成する部分を含む2価の基であり、
Fは、機能性物質である。〕で表される、機能性物質を位置選択的に有する抗体またはその塩。 - 前記抗体が、モノクローナル抗体の定常領域のみに生体直交性官能基を有する抗体である、請求項29記載の抗体またはその塩。
- 前記抗体が、モノクローナル抗体のFc領域のみに生体直交性官能基を有する抗体である、請求項29または請求項30記載の抗体またはその塩。
- 前記抗体が、ヒトIgG Fc領域における246~248位または288~290位のアミノ酸残基からなる領域において、機能性物質を位置選択的に有するヒトIgGである、請求項29~31のいずれか一項記載の抗体またはその塩。
- 前記式(III-1)で表される前記抗体が、下記式(III-2):
Ab-E1-X-Y-E3-B’-F (III-2)
〔式中、
Ab、X、Y、B’およびFは、前記式(III-1)のものと同じであり、
E1は、-C(=O)-、-SO2-、および-CH2-からなる群より選ばれる基であり、
E3は、2価の基である〕で表される、機能性物質を位置選択的に有する抗体である、請求項29~32のいずれか一項記載の抗体またはその塩。 - 下記式(IV):
A-L-E-F (IV)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Fは、機能性物質であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および機能性物質を有する化合物またはその塩。 - 下記式(IV):
A-L-E-F (IV)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Fは、機能性物質であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および機能性物質を有する化合物またはその塩を含む、機能性物質による抗体の位置選択的修飾試薬。 - 機能性物質を有する抗体またはその塩の製造方法であって、
下記式(IV):
A-L-E-F (IV)
〔式中、
Aは、抗体に対する親和性物質であり、
Lは、脱離基を含む2価の基であり、
Eは、(i)前記脱離基と連結しており、かつ(ii)前記抗体中の求核基と反応する能力を有する求電子基を含む2価の基であり、
Fは、機能性物質であり、
前記脱離基は、前記求核基と前記求電子基との間の反応によりEから切断されて脱離する能力を有する。〕で表される、抗体に対する親和性物質、および機能性物質を有する化合物またはその塩を、抗体と反応させて、
下記式(III):
Ab-E-F (III)
〔式中、
Abは、抗体であり、
EおよびFは、前記式(IV)のものと同じである。〕で表される、機能性物質を有する抗体またはその塩を生成することを含む、方法。
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US20210139541A1 (en) | 2021-05-13 |
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CA3103151A1 (en) | 2019-12-19 |
CN112261954A (zh) | 2021-01-22 |
AU2019285354A2 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
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EP3811978A1 (en) | 2021-04-28 |
KR20210020015A (ko) | 2021-02-23 |
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