WO2019205774A1 - 一种外侧张紧式汽车防滑链及轮胎组件 - Google Patents

一种外侧张紧式汽车防滑链及轮胎组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019205774A1
WO2019205774A1 PCT/CN2019/075093 CN2019075093W WO2019205774A1 WO 2019205774 A1 WO2019205774 A1 WO 2019205774A1 CN 2019075093 W CN2019075093 W CN 2019075093W WO 2019205774 A1 WO2019205774 A1 WO 2019205774A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaped
skid
wire rope
plate
tightening mechanism
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/075093
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
庄勒
Original Assignee
Zhuang Le
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhuang Le filed Critical Zhuang Le
Publication of WO2019205774A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019205774A1/zh
Priority to US17/078,485 priority Critical patent/US20210039456A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C27/00—Non-skid devices temporarily attachable to resilient tyres or resiliently-tyred wheels
    • B60C27/06—Non-skid devices temporarily attachable to resilient tyres or resiliently-tyred wheels extending over the complete circumference of the tread, e.g. made of chains or cables
    • B60C27/062—Non-skid devices temporarily attachable to resilient tyres or resiliently-tyred wheels extending over the complete circumference of the tread, e.g. made of chains or cables provided with fastening means
    • B60C27/066—Non-skid devices temporarily attachable to resilient tyres or resiliently-tyred wheels extending over the complete circumference of the tread, e.g. made of chains or cables provided with fastening means acting on the sidewall of the tyre
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C27/00—Non-skid devices temporarily attachable to resilient tyres or resiliently-tyred wheels
    • B60C27/06—Non-skid devices temporarily attachable to resilient tyres or resiliently-tyred wheels extending over the complete circumference of the tread, e.g. made of chains or cables
    • B60C27/068—Non-skid devices temporarily attachable to resilient tyres or resiliently-tyred wheels extending over the complete circumference of the tread, e.g. made of chains or cables the ground-engaging part being rigid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C27/00—Non-skid devices temporarily attachable to resilient tyres or resiliently-tyred wheels
    • B60C27/06—Non-skid devices temporarily attachable to resilient tyres or resiliently-tyred wheels extending over the complete circumference of the tread, e.g. made of chains or cables
    • B60C27/10—Non-skid devices temporarily attachable to resilient tyres or resiliently-tyred wheels extending over the complete circumference of the tread, e.g. made of chains or cables having tensioning means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C27/00—Non-skid devices temporarily attachable to resilient tyres or resiliently-tyred wheels
    • B60C27/06—Non-skid devices temporarily attachable to resilient tyres or resiliently-tyred wheels extending over the complete circumference of the tread, e.g. made of chains or cables
    • B60C27/14—Non-skid devices temporarily attachable to resilient tyres or resiliently-tyred wheels extending over the complete circumference of the tread, e.g. made of chains or cables automatically attachable

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of automobiles, and in particular to an outer tensioned automobile snow chain and a tire assembly.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure includes, for example, providing an outer side that is particularly convenient for installation and disassembly, which is inconvenient for installation of an existing automobile snow chain, resulting in inefficient use, and a safety hazard caused by driving on a frozen snow road. Tensioned car snow chains.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an outer tension type automobile snow chain, comprising a plurality of structurally identical U-shaped skid plates and a set of tightening mechanism, wherein two vertical sides of the U-shaped skid plate are opposite to the inner and outer sides of the tire Between the first U-shaped skid plate and the last U-shaped skid plate connected by a snap structure, the tightening mechanism is mounted on any two adjacent two U-shaped skid plates Between the U-shaped skid plates are connected by a connecting ring.
  • the buckle structure is composed of a perforated hook plate connected to the vertical sides of the U-shaped skid plate of the last one (tail section) and two first U-shaped skid plates of the first (head section) A hook is formed on the side vertical side, and the hook is hooked into a corresponding hole in the perforated hook plate.
  • the length of the perforated hook plate is adjustable.
  • the two vertical sides of the U-shaped cleat are inwardly curved so as to be able to hug the two sides of the tire after installation.
  • the U-shaped skid plate is configured to have a “human”-shaped structure at the bottom in contact with the ground.
  • a manual screw plate configured to be mounted for positioning is attached to an outer vertical side of one or both of the U-shaped cleats.
  • the manual screw is mounted on the U-shaped cleat at a position opposite to the 4 o'clock and 8 o'clock of the tire.
  • the tightening mechanism is a crankshaft tightening mechanism
  • the crankshaft tightening mechanism includes a crankshaft and an operating handle
  • the main shaft of the crankshaft is pivotally mounted on a mounting plate connected to the U-shaped skid plate, a crank portion of the crankshaft can be inserted into a crank sleeve connected to the adjacent U-shaped cleat, the outer main shaft of the crankshaft connecting the operating handle, the vertical of the U-shaped skid plate on the main shaft of the crankshaft
  • the operating handle drives the crankshaft to rotate 180 degrees, the distance between the U-shaped skid plate with the crankshaft and the U-shaped skid plate to which the crank sleeve is attached is contracted, and the hook plate and the hook are hooked, and the entire snow chain is tightly held.
  • the operating handle is positioned on the vertical side of the U-shaped skid plate by the restraint card, and the stable card is loosened, and the crankshaft is reversed to reverse the original shape, and the distance between the adjacent two U-shaped skid plates is increased.
  • the hook can be removed from the perforated hook plate, and the manual screw plate is released.
  • the snow chain can slide out of the ground and move the car forward or backward due to its own weight, and the snow chain can be taken out and used again.
  • the outer main shaft of the crankshaft is connected to the operating handle through a universal joint.
  • crank sleeve is connected to the U-shaped skid plate through a polyurethane connector.
  • the mounting plate and the crank sleeve are connected to a bottom edge of the U-shaped skid plate.
  • the two vertical sides of the U-shaped cleat are in a cross-shaped structure, and the connecting ring is connected on both sides of the cross structure.
  • the tightening mechanism is a wire rope tightening mechanism
  • the wire rope tightening mechanism includes a wire rope, a ratchet and a pawl
  • one end of the wire rope is fixed on a bottom edge of the U-shaped skid plate, and enters Adjacent to the guiding groove of the U-shaped cleat and passing through the bottom edge of two adjacent U-shaped cleats, and then entering into a guiding ring of the U-shaped skid plate, and finally Wrapped around the ratchet, the ratchet can be tightened to tighten the wire rope, and the pawl can be released to release the wire rope in reverse.
  • the U-shaped skid plate is lined with a rubber plate or a polyurethane plate.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an outer tensioning automobile snow chain, comprising a plurality of structurally identical U-shaped skid plates and a set of wire rope tightening mechanisms, wherein the two vertical sides of the U-shaped skid plate are configured to The inner side of the tire is attached; the first and last U-shaped skid plates are connected by the wire rope tightening mechanism; and the outer side of one or both of the U-shaped skid plates is connected to be configured to be mounted Positioning manual screw;
  • the wire rope tightening mechanism is composed of a steel wire rope, a ratchet and a pawl, one end of the wire rope is fixed on the inner side edge of the U-shaped skid plate, and the other end is bypassed by the adjacent U shape a guiding groove on the skid plate is connected to the ratchet wheel, and the ratchet wheel is rotated to tighten the wire rope. After the pawl is released, the ratchet wheel can rotate in the reverse direction, and the wire rope is loosened and from
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a tire assembly including the above-described outer tensioned automobile snow chains having all of the functions of the outer tensioned automobile snow chains.
  • the snow chain achieves a true toolless and outboard installation.
  • the installer does not need to reach into the inside of the tire for operation, and does not need to carry any installation tools. It is quick and easy to disassemble.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view showing an unfolded state of a snow chain in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural view of an unfolded state of a snow chain in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a third schematic structural view of an unfolded state of a snow chain in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective structural view of a single U-shaped skid plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing an initial state of installation of a snow chain in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Icon 1-U-shaped skid plate; 101-first vertical side; 102-second vertical side; 2-crankshaft; 3-connecting ring; 4-hole hook plate; 5-hook; 6-manual screw plate; - mounting plate; 8- crank sleeve; 9-operating handle; 10-stabilized card; 11-wire rope; 12-guide groove; 13-guide ring; 14-ratchet; 15-buckle; 16-wire rope tightening mechanism; 20-tires.
  • the fixed connection may also be a detachable connection or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between the two elements.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood in the specific circumstances by those skilled in the art.
  • the present invention provides an outer tension type automobile anti-skid chain.
  • the utility model comprises a plurality of structures which are the same or substantially the same (the main connecting parts are slightly changed according to the position), the U-shaped skid plate 1 shown in FIG. 4 and a set of tightening mechanism, and the tightening mechanism can adopt a crankshaft tightening mechanism,
  • the wire rope tensioning mechanism or the cam locking mechanism is described by the crankshaft tightening mechanism in the present embodiment.
  • the crankshaft tightening mechanism includes a crankshaft 2 and an operating handle 9. As shown in FIG. 1, the U-shaped skid plate 1 is configured to be grounded.
  • the bottom of the contact is preferably designed as a "human" pattern to increase the pressure and anti-slip effect on the ice surface, or to design other non-slip patterns.
  • only one set of tightening mechanism is provided. In essence, if the tire 20 is large in size, two or more tightening mechanisms may be provided.
  • the two vertical sides of the U-shaped skid plate 1 are attached to the inner and outer sides of the tire 20; the first U-shaped skid plate 1 and the last U-shaped skid plate 1 are connected by a snap structure, and the tightening mechanism is installed at any position. Between the two adjacent two U-shaped cleats 1, the U-shaped cleats 1 are connected by a connecting ring 3.
  • the two vertical sides of the U-shaped cleat 1 are disposed to be in contact with the inner and outer sides of the tire 20, and the two vertical sides are the first vertical side 101 and the second vertical side 102, respectively;
  • the other adjacent U-shaped cleats 1 are connected by a connecting ring 3, one side of the first and last U-shaped cleats 1 and one side of the U-shaped cleat 1 to which the crankshaft 2 is mounted. .
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 5 after the outer tension type automobile anti-skid chain is mounted on the tire 20, the overall end-to-end annular structure is shown, and the relative position in FIG. 1 is introduced, and the left-end and right-end U-shaped skid plates are introduced. 1 is connected by a snap structure (with a hook plate 4 and a hook 5), and the two U-shaped skid plates 1 in the middle are connected by a tightening mechanism (the crankshaft 2 and the operating handle 9), except for the four U-shaped skid plates 1 The remaining two adjacent U-shaped cleats 1 are connected by a connecting ring 3.
  • the mounting position of the connecting ring 3 is located on the vertical side of both sides of the U-shaped cleat 1, and the two vertical sides of the U-shaped cleat 1 can be designed in a cross-shaped structure.
  • the connecting ring 3 is connected to both sides of the cross structure.
  • the last one (tail section) U-shaped skid plate 1 is connected with a hole hook plate 4 on both sides of the vertical side, and the first (head section) U-shaped skid plate 1 is connected with hooks 5 on both sides of the vertical side.
  • the perforated hook plate 4 and the hook 5 constitute the buckle structure.
  • the positions of the perforated hook plate 4 and the hook 5 are interchangeable, and the length of the perforated hook plate 4 is preferably designed to be adjustable (a bolt can be used)
  • the screw sleeve structure is adjusted according to the length of the screwing, or the perforated hook plate 4 is a telescopic structure, and the length is fixed by the pin shaft) to adapt to the old tire mounting needs of different wear states.
  • the hook 5 is hooked into the corresponding hole in the perforated hook plate 4.
  • the two vertical sides of the U-shaped cleat 1 are inwardly curved so as to be able to hold both sides of the tire 20 after installation.
  • a manual screw plate 6 configured to be mounted and positioned may be connected on the outer vertical side of a U-shaped cleat 1 in the middle of the tail section and the middle portion (specifically, 4 o'clock and 8 o'clock of the tire 20)
  • the U-shaped skid plate 1 in the direction of the clock is arranged, as shown in Fig. 3), and the initial positioning of the snow chain installation can be realized by tightening the manual screw plate 6.
  • the manual screw 6 can be mounted on one of the U-shaped cleats 1, or two U-shaped cleats 1 are installed therein, or the number of the manual screws 6 can be three, and is installed in three different U-shaped skid plate 1 and so on.
  • the tightening mechanism is a crankshaft tightening mechanism including a crankshaft 2 and an operating handle 9, and the main shaft of the crankshaft 2 is pivotally mounted on a mounting plate 7 to which one of the U-shaped cleats 1 is connected The crank portion of the crankshaft 2 can be inserted into the crank sleeve 8 connected to the adjacent U-shaped skid plate 1.
  • the outer main shaft of the crankshaft 2 is connected with the operating handle 9 through the universal joint (the outer spindle of the crankshaft 2 can be directly connected to the operating handle) 9, or connected by other mechanisms, a stabilizer card 10 for positioning the operating handle 9 to prevent the crank portion of the crankshaft 2 from rotating freely is provided on the vertical side of the U-shaped cleat 1 on which the main shaft of the crankshaft 2 is mounted.
  • the distance between the U-shaped cleat 1 to which the crankshaft 2 is mounted and the U-shaped cleat 1 to which the crank sleeve 8 is attached is contracted, so that the perforated hook plate 4 and the hook 5 are closed.
  • the entire snow chain is hung on the tire 20, and the operating handle 9 is positioned on the vertical side of the U-shaped skid plate 1 by the restraint card 10, the stable card 10 is loosened, and the crank handle 2 is restored by reversing the operating handle 9. Original.
  • the distance between the adjacent two U-shaped cleats 1 is increased, and the hooks 5 can be easily removed from the perforated hook plates 4.
  • the two vertical sides of the U-shaped cleat 1 have an inward curved structure so as to be able to hold both sides of the tire 20 after installation.
  • the crank sleeve 8 is connected to the U-shaped cleat 1 by a polyurethane joint.
  • the perforated hook plate 4 and the hook 5 are preferably mounted on the vertical side of the U-shaped cleat 1 at the same position as the connecting ring 3.
  • the mounting plate 7 and the crank sleeve 8 are preferably mounted on the bottom edge of the U-shaped cleat 1.
  • the snow chains on the left and right sides are preferably designed symmetrically, so that the installation of four tire snow chains can be completed in one mobile car.
  • the U-shaped cleat 1 is shaped like a scorpion limb.
  • the U-shaped cleat 1 can be lined with a thin rubber sheet or a polyurethane sheet to reduce wear on the automobile tire 20.
  • the two vertical sides of the U-shaped cleat 1 correspond to the claws of the crotch, holding the two sides of the tire 20.
  • the top of the top is a non-slip structure, and the two U-shaped skid plates 1 are spaced about 80 mm apart and form a chevron pattern (see the schematic drawing. This structural shape is not the only form that cannot be replaced).
  • the connecting ring 3 is symmetrically disposed on the side of the U-shaped cleat 1, and a metal ring is used. Its function is to reliably connect the two U-shaped cleats 1 in front and rear, while allowing each to maintain asynchronous movement up and down within a certain range.
  • the tail section of the U-shaped skid plate 1 is characterized in that each side of the vertical side has a strip-shaped hole into which the hook 5 can be inserted, and the inside of the tail is the connecting ring 3.
  • the auxiliary clamping U-shaped skid plate 1 is a pair of clamping screws similar to those on the tail section at the lower end of the two connecting rings of the common skid plate. This board is required to be designed for a total length of 2/3.
  • On both sides of the head of the U-shaped skid plate a pair of ratcheting hooks 5 corresponding to the tail strip-shaped holes are inserted.
  • the crankshaft 2 is eccentric 20 mm.
  • the crankshaft 2 When the crankshaft 2 is eccentric outward, the distance between the front and rear U-shaped cleats 1 is increased by 20 mm. When the crankshaft 2 is rotated 180 degrees inwardly, the distance between the two U-shaped skid plates 1 is reduced by 20 mm, and the crankshaft 2 is adjusted by internal eccentricity or external eccentricity, so that the total length of the snow chain can be enlarged or reduced by 40 mm.
  • the perforated hook plate 4 and the hook 5 can be easily detached, and when tightened, it can be loosened and cannot be loosened.
  • the operating handle 9 connected to the crankshaft 2 is pulled, which is connected to the crankshaft 2 in a universal manner. That is, we can use the operating handle 9 to rotate the crankshaft 2 by 180 degrees, and then fold the operating handle 9 180 degrees back to the initial position. It is also possible to use a wrench to rotate the crankshaft 2 by two 90 degrees, and fold the wrench 180 degrees in the middle process to finally return to the initial position after completing the task.
  • An important benefit of this arrangement is that the difficulty of the small space between the tire 20 and the fender can be overcome.
  • the stabilizing card 10 to which the handle 9 is attached is attached to the side of the U-shaped cleat 1. At the bottom of it is a flexible card that can be locked by the operating handle 9 to prohibit its automatic movement. It has a permanent magnet in the middle, which can hold the wrench and achieve double insurance.
  • the method for using the outer tension type automobile anti-skid chain of this embodiment is (as shown in FIG. 5, the left side installation is taken as an example, and the right side installation principle is the same):
  • the snow chain tail plate (the last U-shaped skid plate 1) is pressed at eight o'clock direction, and the manual screw plate 6 is rotated to clamp it on the tire 20.
  • the second U-shaped skid plate 1 with the manual screw 6 installed is clamped at the four o'clock position in the same way (the position of the manual screw 6 is preset, and should be loosened first when disassembling). That is 2/3 of the total length.
  • the U-shaped cleat 1 during standby is naturally in a state of "extended about 40 mm" for facilitating the insertion of the hook 5.
  • the operating handle 9 is pulled out of the stabilizing card 10, and the crankshaft 2 is converted into a "shortened about 40 mm” state by operating the handle 9, and the operating handle 9 is returned to the home position.
  • the head and the tail of the U-shaped cleat 1 are firmly engaged. Non-reverse operation will not be easy to loose.
  • the embodiment further provides an outer tension type automobile snow chain, which is different from the above embodiment in that the tightening mechanism adopts a wire rope tightening mechanism 16, and the wire rope tightening mechanism 16 includes a wire rope 11 and a ratchet wheel. 14 and the pawl 15, one end of the wire rope 11 is fixed on the bottom edge of a U-shaped skid plate 1, and enters the guide groove 12 of the adjacent U-shaped skid plate 1 and is adjacent to the two U-shaped skid plates 1 The bottom edge of the bottom edge is S-shaped and then enters a guide ring 13 on a U-shaped skid plate 1. Finally, it is wound around the ratchet wheel 14.
  • the tightening mechanism adopts a wire rope tightening mechanism 16
  • the wire rope tightening mechanism 16 includes a wire rope 11 and a ratchet wheel. 14 and the pawl 15, one end of the wire rope 11 is fixed on the bottom edge of a U-shaped skid plate 1, and enters the guide groove 12 of the adjacent U-shaped skid plate
  • the rotation of the ratchet wheel 14 can tighten the wire rope 11 and release the pawl 15, and the ratchet wheel 14 can be Reverse the wire to release the wire rope 11.
  • the ratchet 14 and the pawl 15 are mounted on one of the U-shaped cleats 1, and the ratchet 14 and the pawl 15 constitute a ratchet mechanism.
  • the present embodiment further provides another outer tension type automobile snow chain, which comprises a plurality of U-shaped skid plates 1 of the same structure and a set of wire rope tightening mechanism 16, U-shaped skid plate.
  • the two vertical sides of 1 are arranged to be in contact with the inner and outer sides of the tire 20; the first (head section) and the last (tail section) U-shaped skid plate 1 are connected by a wire rope tightening mechanism 16; in one or two
  • the outer vertical side of the U-shaped skid plate 1 is connected with a manual screw 6 configured to be mounted and positioned;
  • the wire rope tightening mechanism 16 is composed of a wire rope 11, a ratchet 14 and a pawl 15, one end of the wire rope 11 is fixed on the U-shaped skid plate 1 On the inner bottom edge, the other end is connected to the ratchet 14 by the guide groove 12 on the adjacent U-shaped skid plate 1.
  • the ratchet 14 is rotated to tighten the wire rope 11. After the pawl 15 is released, the ratchet 14 can be rotated in the reverse direction. 11 is changed from the tension state to the relaxed state, that is, it can be taken out from the guide groove 12, and the snow chain can be removed from the tire 20 (the manual screw plate 6 needs to be loosened first).
  • the outer tension type automobile anti-skid chain has at least the following advantages:
  • the snow chain is a complete system. It has no loose parts and no additional tool support. Therefore, in reality, it basically does not suffer from the problem of missing accessories or lack of suitable tools, and has extremely high reliability of use.
  • the installation of the existing automobile snow chains is actually a certain random binding, and the binding effect varies from person to person and cannot be strictly regulated.
  • the installation of the embodiment of the present disclosure is a rigorous assembly, and the results of any person installation are highly standardized and unified, and the risk of accidents is substantially eliminated.
  • the snow chain has at least one anti-skid chain to contact the ice at any time during use, and the safety is extremely high.
  • the perimeter of the snow chain is designed according to the "new tire” reasoning, the tire has been worn a lot, the crank type can be ensured by the “adjustment nut” to ensure a good circumference.
  • the wire rope type can directly tighten the ratchet.
  • the installation of the snow chain is very simple and convenient. Even elderly people who lack mechanical common sense and weak female private car owners are easy to master the way and practice. The installation operation is carried out completely on the outside, even on the night of poor lighting, it is impossible to make a mistake by hand.
  • the snow chain is particularly convenient to install and use, which can greatly improve the driver's enthusiasm for timely installation and use, and overcome the common social problems that are not actively purchased, used when not suitable, and not actively used or not using the automobile snow chains. This will be extremely beneficial for significantly reducing traffic accidents on winter icy roads and reducing unwarranted losses of people's lives and property.
  • the present embodiment also provides a tire assembly including a tire 20 and the above-described outer tensioned automobile snow chains, which can be manufactured, sold, and used with the tire 20.
  • the present disclosure provides an outer tension type automobile snow chain and a tire assembly, and the outer tension type automobile snow chain has a simple structure and is convenient to be assembled and disassembled.

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Abstract

一种外侧张紧式汽车防滑链及轮胎组件，外侧张紧式汽车防滑链包括多个结构相同的U形防滑板（1）和一套收紧机构，U形防滑板（1）的两个竖边与轮胎（20）的内外侧相贴；第一个U形防滑板（1）和最后一个U形防滑板（1）之间通过一搭扣结构相连，收紧机构安装在任意相邻的两个两节U形防滑板（1）之间，U形防滑板之间通过连接环（3）相连。该防滑链结构简单，安装拆卸方便。

Description

一种外侧张紧式汽车防滑链及轮胎组件
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求于2018年04月28日提交中国专利局的申请号为201810399703.4、名称为“一种外侧张紧式汽车防滑链”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及汽车领域，具体而言，涉及一种外侧张紧式汽车防滑链及轮胎组件。
背景技术
众所周知，汽车轮胎最适应的，是普通公路路面。如果路面结冰，汽车轮胎对冰面的附着力必会大幅度降低。汽车发动机动力的有效输出、汽车方向的可操控性、制动的有效性都会出现严重问题。这不仅会降低运输效率，造成交通瘫痪，甚至经常因此引发导致人员重大伤亡的惨祸。
为应对这方面问题，人们设计了形态各异的汽车防滑链。汽车防滑链种类繁多，但是它们普遍具有一个共同的弱点：使用太不方便。即使是年轻力壮的专业驾驶员，安装和拆卸防滑链都不是一件简单轻松的事情。对于数量极大的家用小汽车使用者(特别是其中的年老体弱者和青年女性)，更是觉得困难甚至难以应对。
汽车防滑链安装拆卸的严重不方便，客观上造成了相当负面的现实。很多人根本就不购置防滑链。有人购置了防滑链但并不及时地安装和使用，形同虚设。有人面对结冰路面想要安装，但又无能为力。有的厂商为了降低安装难度，故意加大了相邻防滑链的分布间距，使得轮胎经常在没有防滑条参与的情况下直接接触冰面，这在需要精确控制方向和有效制动时极易失控。也就是说汽车防滑链安装拆卸的不方便，客观上极大的制约了防滑链正常发挥作用。这种消极态势，极有必要予以彻底的纠正。
发明内容
本公开的目的包括，例如，提供了一种针对现有的汽车防滑链安装不便，造成使用效率低下，给冰冻积雪路面行车造成安全隐患的问题而设计的一种安装、拆卸特别方便的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链。
本公开的目的还包括，提供了一种轮胎组件，其包括该外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其具有外侧张紧式汽车防滑链的全部功能。
本公开的实施例可以这样实现：
本公开实施例提供了一种外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，包括多个结构相同的U形防滑板和一套收紧机构，所述U形防滑板的两个竖边与轮胎的内外侧相贴；第一个所述U形防滑板和最后一个所述U形防滑板之间通过一搭扣结构相连，所述收紧机构安装在任意相邻的两个两节所述U形防滑板之间，所述U形防滑板之间通过连接环相连。
可选的，所述搭扣结构由最后一个(尾节)所述U形防滑板的两侧竖边上 连接的带孔钩板和第一个(头节)所述U形防滑板的两侧竖边上的挂钩组成，所述挂钩钩入对应的所述带孔钩板上的孔中。
可选的，所述带孔钩板的长度可调。
可选的，所述U形防滑板的两个竖边呈向内的弧形结构以便安装后能抱住所述轮胎的两边。
可选的，所述U形防滑板配置成与地面接触的底部呈“人”字纹结构。
可选的，在一个或两个所述U形防滑板的外侧竖边上连接有配置成安装定位的手动螺盘。
可选的，所述手动螺盘安装在与所述轮胎的4点钟和8点钟相对位置处的所述U形防滑板上。
可选的，所述收紧机构为曲轴收紧机构，所述曲轴收紧机构包括曲轴和操作手柄，所述曲轴的主轴枢装在一个所述U形防滑板相连的安装板上，所述曲轴的曲柄部分能插入相邻的所述U形防滑板相连的曲柄套管中，所述曲轴的外侧主轴连接所述操作手柄，在安装所述曲轴的主轴的所述U形防滑板的竖边上设有稳定卡。
当操作手柄带动曲轴转动180度后，安装有曲轴的U形防滑板和连接有曲柄套管的U形防滑板之间的距离收缩，带孔钩板与挂钩钩紧，整个防滑链抱紧在轮胎上，操作手柄受稳定卡的约束定位在U形防滑板的竖边上，松开稳定卡，反转操作手柄即可使曲轴回复原状，相邻两个U形防滑板的距离增大，挂钩可 以从带孔钩板中脱出，松开手动螺盘，防滑链由于自重滑落地面，向前或向后移动汽车，防滑链就可取出重新备用。
可选的，所述曲轴的外侧主轴通过万向节连接所述操作手柄。
可选的，所述曲柄套管通过聚氨酯连接件与所述U形防滑板相连。
可选的，所述安装板和所述曲柄套管均与所述U形防滑板的底边相连。
可选的，所述U形防滑板的两竖边均呈十字形结构，所述连接环连接在所述十字形结构的两边。
可选的，所述收紧机构为钢丝绳收紧机构，所述钢丝绳收紧机构包括钢丝绳、棘轮和棘爪，所述钢丝绳的一端固定在一个所述U形防滑板的底边上，并进入相邻的所述U形防滑板的导向槽中并在相邻的两个所述U形防滑板的底边上呈S形穿行然后进入一个所述U形防滑板上的导向环中，最后绕装在所述棘轮上，转动所述棘轮即能收紧所述钢丝绳，松开所述棘爪，即可反向松开所述钢丝绳。
可选的，所述U形防滑板内衬有橡胶板或聚氨酯板。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，包括多个结构相同的U形防滑板和一套钢丝绳收紧机构，所述U形防滑板的两个竖边配置成与轮胎内外侧相贴；第一个和最后一个所述U形防滑板之间通过所述钢丝绳收紧机构相连；在一个或两个所述U形防滑板的外侧竖边上连接有配置成安装定位的手动螺盘；所述钢丝绳收紧机构由钢丝绳、棘轮和棘爪组成，所述钢丝绳的一 端固定在所述U形防滑板内侧底边上，另一端绕过相邻的所述U形防滑板上的导向槽与所述棘轮相连，转动所述棘轮收紧所述钢丝绳，松开所述棘爪后，所述棘轮能反向转动，所述钢丝绳松开并从所述导向槽中脱出，防滑链即能从所述轮胎上取下。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种轮胎组件，其包括上述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其具有该外侧张紧式汽车防滑链的全部功能。
本公开实施例的有益效果包括，例如：
该防滑链实现了真正意义上的无工具和外侧安装，安装人员无需伸手进入轮胎内侧进行操作，且无需携带任何安装工具，拆装均快捷方便。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本公开的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1是本公开实施例中防滑链展开状态结构示意图之一；
图2是本公开实施例中防滑链展开状态结构示意图之二；
图3是本公开实施例中防滑链展开状态结构示意图之三；
图4是本公开实施例的单个U形防滑板的立体结构示意图；
图5是本公开实施例中防滑链的安装初始状态示意图。
图标：1-U形防滑板；101-第一竖边；102-第二竖边；2-曲轴；3-连接环；4-带孔钩板；5-挂钩；6-手动螺盘；7-安装板；8-曲柄套管；9-操作手柄；10-稳定卡；11-钢丝绳；12-导向槽；13-导向环；14-棘轮；15-棘爪；16-钢丝绳收紧机构；20-轮胎。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本公开实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本公开的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本公开的范围，而是仅仅表示本公开的选定实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，若出现术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置 关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
此外，若出现术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，若出现术语“水平”、“竖直”、“悬垂”等并不表示要求部件绝对水平或悬垂，而是可以稍微倾斜。如“水平”仅仅是指其方向相对“竖直”而言更加水平，并不是表示该结构一定要完全水平，而是可以稍微倾斜。
在本公开的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，若出现术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”等应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本公开的实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
本公开如图1、4、5所示，本实施例提供的一种外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，本文中，可以理解的，可以简称为汽车防滑链，或防滑链。其包括多个结构相同或大致相同(根据位置不同，主要连接件部分略有变化)如图4所示的U 形防滑板1和一套收紧机构，收紧机构可采用曲轴收紧机构、钢丝绳拉紧机构或凸轮锁紧机构，本实施例以曲轴收紧机构为描述加以说明，曲轴收紧机构包括曲轴2和操作手柄9，如图1所示，U形防滑板1配置成与地面接触的底部最好设计成“人”字纹结构，以增加对冰面压强和防滑效果，也可设计成其它防滑花纹结构。一般的，为了结构的紧凑性，只设置一套收紧机构，实质上，如果轮胎20尺寸较大，也可以是设置两套或更多的收紧机构。
U形防滑板1的两个竖边与轮胎20的内外侧相贴；第一个U形防滑板1和最后一个U形防滑板1之间通过一搭扣结构相连，收紧机构安装在任意相邻的两个两节U形防滑板1之间，U形防滑板1之间通过连接环3相连。
具体的，结合图4和图5，U形防滑板1的两个竖边配置成与轮胎20的内外侧相贴，两个竖边分别为第一竖边101和第二竖边102；除第一及最后一个U形防滑板1的一侧及安装有曲轴2的U形防滑板1的一侧之外，其余的相邻的两个U形防滑板1之间均通过连接环3相连。
结合图1和图5，这种外侧张紧式汽车防滑链安装到轮胎20上后，整体呈现出首尾连接的环形结构，以图1中的相对位置作介绍，左端和右端的U形防滑板1通过搭扣结构(带孔钩板4和挂钩5)连接，中间的两个U形防滑板1通过收紧机构(曲轴2和操作手柄9)连接，除开这四个U形防滑板1外，其余的，相邻的两个U形防滑板1之间均通过连接环3相连。
连接环3的安装位置位于U形防滑板1两侧的竖边上，U形防滑板1的两竖边可设计成十字形结构。连接环3连接在十字形结构的两边。
最后一个(尾节)U形防滑板1的两侧竖边上均连接有带孔钩板4，第一个(头节)U形防滑板1的两侧竖边上均连接有挂钩5，带孔钩板4和挂钩5组成了该搭扣结构，具体实施时，带孔钩板4和挂钩5的位置可互换，带孔钩板4的长度最好设计成可调(可采用螺栓和螺套结构，根据旋入的长度来调节，或，该带孔钩板4为伸缩式结构，通过销轴实现长度的固定)，以适应不同磨损状态的旧轮胎安装需要。挂钩5钩入对应的带孔钩板4上的孔中。U形防滑板1的两个竖边呈向内的弧形结构以便安装后能抱住轮胎20的两边。
具体实施时，为了安装方便，可以在尾节和中间的某个U形防滑板1的外侧竖边上连接配置成安装定位的手动螺盘6(具体可为轮胎20的4点钟和8点钟方向的U形防滑板1上设置，如图3)，拧紧手动螺盘6即可实现防滑链安装的初始定位。需要说明的是，手动螺盘6可以安装在其中一个U形防滑板1上，或者安装在其中两个U形防滑板1，或手动螺盘6的数量可以为三个，安装在三个不同的U形防滑板1上，等等。
结合图1和图5，该收紧机构为曲轴收紧机构，该曲轴收紧机构包括曲轴2和操作手柄9，曲轴2的主轴枢装在其中一个U形防滑板1相连的安装板7上，曲轴2的曲柄部分能插入相邻的U形防滑板1相连的曲柄套管8中，曲轴2的外侧主轴通过万向节连接有操作手柄9(该曲轴2的外侧主轴可以直接连接操作手柄9，或通过其他机构连接)，在安装曲轴2主轴的U形防滑板1的竖边上设有使操作手柄9定位，以防止曲轴2的曲柄部分自由转动的稳定卡10。
操作手柄9带动曲柄转动180度后，安装有曲轴2的U形防滑板1和连接 有曲柄套管8的U形防滑板1之间的距离收缩，从而使带孔钩板4和挂钩5收紧，整个防滑链抱紧在轮胎20上，操作手柄9受稳定卡10的约束定位在U形防滑板1的竖边上，松开稳定卡10，反转操作手柄9即可使曲轴2回复原状。相邻的两个U形防滑板1的距离增大，挂钩5可以轻松地从带孔钩板4中脱出。松开手动螺盘6，防滑链即能从轮胎20上滑落至地面，驱动汽车前进或后退，防滑链即可取出重新备用。
具体实施时，为了提高U形防滑板1与轮胎20的贴合性，U形防滑板1的两个竖边呈向内的弧形结构以便安装后能抱住轮胎20的两边。曲柄套管8通过聚氨酯连接件与U形防滑板1相连。带孔钩板4和挂钩5最好安装在U形防滑板1的竖边上与连接环3相同位置处。安装板7和曲柄套管8最好安装在U形防滑板1的底边上。
具体实施时，为了安装方便，左右两侧的防滑链最好对称设计制造，以便实现一次移动汽车即可完成四个轮胎防滑链的安装。
详述如下：
U形防滑板1是形似蜈蚣节肢结构。U形防滑板1可内衬薄橡胶板或聚氨酯板，以降低对汽车轮胎20的磨损。U形防滑板1两竖边相当于蜈蚣的爪子，抱着轮胎20两边。顶外部是防滑结构造型，两个U形防滑板1间距约80毫米，并组成人字形花纹(见示意附图。此结构造型并非不可替代的唯一形式)。
连接环3对称配置于U形防滑板1的侧面，采用金属环。它的作用是可靠连接前后两块U形防滑板1，同时允许各自在一定范围内保持不同步上下运动。
U形防滑板1的尾节的特点是：竖边两侧向外各有一个可以插入挂钩5的条形孔，向尾内是连接环3。十字形下端有手动螺盘6，辅助夹紧U形防滑板1是在普通防滑板的两个连接环十字形下端增加了一组类似于尾节上的夹紧螺盘。此板要求设计在总长2/3的位置上。U形防滑板1头节的头部两侧，多出了一对可以对应嵌入尾节条形孔的、带棘齿的挂钩5。上述公开的曲轴收紧机构。曲轴2偏心20毫米。当曲轴2向外偏心时，前后两块U形防滑板1的间距加大20毫米。当曲轴2旋转180度向内偏心时，前后两块U形防滑板1的间距缩小20毫米，通过内偏心或者外偏心调整曲轴2，可以使防滑链的总长度放大或缩小40毫米，放大时，带孔钩板4与挂钩5可以轻松脱离，缩小时卡紧，不能松脱。
扳动连接曲轴2的操作手柄9，它与曲轴2用万向连接方式。也就是说，我们可以用操作手柄9将曲轴2旋转180度，再将操作手柄9折叠180度回到初始位置。也可以用扳手将曲轴2用先后两个90度旋转，在中间过程中将扳手折叠180度，使之完成任务后最终依然回到初始位置。这种设置的重要好处是，可以克服轮胎20与挡泥板之间空间偏小的困难。
操作手柄9连接的稳定卡10，它就附着在U形防滑板1的侧面。它的最下端是一个弹性卡，可以卡住操作手柄9禁止其自动活动，它的中间是永磁铁，可以吸附住扳手，实现双保险。
本实施例的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链的使用方法是(如图5，以左侧安装为例，右侧安装原理相同)：
一，停稳汽车，直接将汽车防滑链从侧面推入，由上往下扣在轮胎20上。 如果挡泥板与轮胎20之间空间过小、U形防滑板1竖边碍事、侧面推入困难，可以顺着轮胎20外径将防滑链拖上去盖住轮胎20。
二，将防滑链尾板(最后一个U形防滑板1)按在八点钟方向，旋转手动螺盘6将其夹紧在轮胎20上。
三，将第二个安装有手动螺盘6的U形防滑板1，按同样方法夹紧在四点钟位置(此手动螺盘6的位置是预设的，拆卸时应先松开)，即总长的2/3位置。
四，启动汽车前行，让轮胎20向前旋转约180度，让剩余未初步固定的U形防滑板1，旋转到轮胎20上方大约10点到2点位置。
五，将U形防滑板1头节上的挂钩5，嵌入U形防滑板1尾节的带孔钩板4的条形孔中。由于孔大，间隙也大，应该很容易嵌入。U形防滑板1的头节和尾节内外对称，所以眼睛能看见的外侧挂钩5嵌入了，内侧即使不能直接看见，也同样嵌入了。
六，备用时的U形防滑板1自然处在便于挂钩5嵌入的“加长约40毫米”状态。将操作手柄9从稳定卡10中拉出，通过操作手柄9将曲轴2转换成“缩短约40毫米”状态，再使操作手柄9重新归位。此时U形防滑板1的头和尾就稳固地咬合在一起了。非反向操作，将不可能松脱。
如图2所示，本实施例还提供了一种外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其与上述实 施例的区别在于收紧机构采用钢丝绳收紧机构16，钢丝绳收紧机构16包括钢丝绳11、棘轮14和棘爪15，钢丝绳11的一端固定在一个U形防滑板1的底边上，并进入相邻的U形防滑板1的导向槽12中并在相邻的两个U形防滑板1的底边上呈S形穿行然后进入一个U形防滑板1上的导向环13中，最后绕装在棘轮14上，转动棘轮14即能收紧钢丝绳11，松开棘爪15，棘轮14可反转，即可松开钢丝绳11。棘轮14和棘爪15安装在其中一个U形防滑板1上，该棘轮14和棘爪15构成棘轮机构。
如图3、4所示，本实施例还提供了另一种外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，它包括多个结构相同的U形防滑板1和一套钢丝绳收紧机构16，U形防滑板1的两个竖边配置成与轮胎20内外侧相贴；第一个(头节)和最后一个(尾节)U形防滑板1之间通过钢丝绳收紧机构16相连；在一个或两个U形防滑板1的外侧竖边上连接有配置成安装定位的手动螺盘6；钢丝绳收紧机构16由钢丝绳11、棘轮14和棘爪15组成，钢丝绳11的一端固定在U形防滑板1内侧底边上，另一端绕过相邻的U形防滑板1上的导向槽12与棘轮14相连，转动棘轮14收紧钢丝绳11，松开棘爪15后，棘轮14能反向转动，钢丝绳11从张紧状态变为松驰状态，即能从导向槽12中取出，防滑链即能从轮胎20上取下(需先松开手动螺盘6)。
需要说明的是，图1-图3中，a处的位置是折弯处。
上述实施例中，该外侧张紧式汽车防滑链至少具有以下优点：
一，该防滑链自成一个完整的体系。它没有零散的配件，也不需要另外的工具支持。因此，它在现实使用中基本不会发生丢失配件或缺少合适工具的问题，具有极高的使用可靠性。
二，现有汽车防滑链的安装实际是具有一定随意性的绑扎，绑扎效果因人而异和无法严格规范。本公开实施例的安装就是一次严谨的装配，任何人安装的结果都高度规范统一，基本消除了发生意外的风险。
三，该防滑链的安装完全不依赖汽车轮毂，对轮胎也不存在加速磨损的问题。
四，该防滑链在使用的任何时候，都至少有一条防滑链条接触冰面，安全性极高。
五，该防滑链的周长是按“全新轮胎”推理设计的，已经磨损较大的轮胎，曲轴式的可以通过“调节螺母”确保周长良好匹配。钢丝绳式的可直接旋紧棘轮。
六，该防滑链的安装十分轻松简便。即使是缺乏机械常识的老人和柔弱的女性私家车主，都容易掌握方式和实际操作。该安装操作完全在外侧进行，即使是在照明极差的夜晚，全凭用手摸索都不会出错。
七，该防滑链的设计、制造、经济成本等方面，未见任何制约因素。它便于比较轻松的推向社会。
八，该防滑链的安装使用特别方便，可以极大地提高驾驶员适时安装使用 的积极性，克服以往普遍存在的不主动购置、不适时使用，不积极使用或者不会使用汽车防滑链的社会通病。这对于大幅度降低冬天结冰路面的交通事故，减少人员生命财产的无端损失，将是极其有利的。
结合图5，本实施例还提供了一种轮胎组件，其包括轮胎20和上述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，该外侧张紧式汽车防滑链可以和轮胎20一起制造、销售和使用。
本公开未涉及部分均与现有技术相同或可采用现有技术加以实现。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
工业实用性：
综上所述，本公开提供了一种外侧张紧式汽车防滑链及轮胎组件，外侧张紧式汽车防滑链的结构简单，安装拆卸方便。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其特征在于，包括多个结构相同的U形防滑板(1)和一套收紧机构，所述U形防滑板(1)的两个竖边与轮胎(20)的内外侧相贴；第一个所述U形防滑板(1)和最后一个所述U形防滑板(1)之间通过一搭扣结构相连，所述收紧机构安装在任意相邻的两个两节所述U形防滑板(1)之间，所述U形防滑板(1)之间通过连接环(3)相连。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其特征在于，所述搭扣结构由最后一个所述U形防滑板(1)的两侧竖边上连接的带孔钩板(4)和第一个所述U形防滑板(1)的两侧竖边上的挂钩(5)组成，所述挂钩(5)钩入对应的所述带孔钩板(4)上的孔中。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其特征在于，所述带孔钩板(4)的长度可调。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其特征在于，所述U形防滑板(1)的两个竖边呈向内的弧形结构以便安装后能抱住所述轮胎(20)的两边。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其特征在于，所述U形防滑板(1)配置成与地面接触的底部呈“人”字纹结构。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其特征在于，在一个或两个所述U形防滑板(1)的外侧竖边上连接有配置成安装定位的手 动螺盘(6)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其特征在于，所述手动螺盘(6)安装在与所述轮胎(20)的4点钟和8点钟相对位置处的所述U形防滑板(1)上。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其特征在于，所述收紧机构为曲轴收紧机构，所述曲轴收紧机构包括曲轴(2)和操作手柄(9)，所述曲轴(2)的主轴枢装在一个所述U形防滑板(1)相连的安装板(7)上，所述曲轴(2)的曲柄部分能插入相邻的所述U形防滑板(1)相连的曲柄套管(8)中，所述曲轴(2)的外侧主轴连接所述操作手柄(9)，在安装所述曲轴(2)的主轴的所述U形防滑板(1)的竖边上设有稳定卡(10)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其特征在于，所述曲轴(2)的外侧主轴通过万向节连接所述操作手柄(9)。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其特征在于，所述曲柄套管(8)通过聚氨酯连接件与所述U形防滑板(1)相连。
  11. 根据权利要求8-10任一项所述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其特征在于，所述安装板(7)和所述曲柄套管(8)均与所述U形防滑板(1)的底边相连。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其特征在于，所述U形防滑板(1)的两竖边均呈十字形结构，所述连接环(3)连接在所述十字形结构的两边。
  13. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其特征在于，所述收紧机构为钢丝绳收紧机构(16)，所述钢丝绳收紧机构(16)包括钢丝绳(11)、棘轮(14)和棘爪(15)，所述钢丝绳(11)的一端固定在一个所述U形防滑板(1)的底边上，并进入相邻的所述U形防滑板(1)的导向槽(12)中并在相邻的两个所述U形防滑板(1)的底边上呈S形穿行然后进入一个所述U形防滑板(1)上的导向环(13)中，最后绕装在棘轮(14)上，转动所述棘轮(14)即能收紧所述钢丝绳(11)，松开所述棘爪(15)，即可反向松开所述钢丝绳(11)。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其特征在于，所述U形防滑板(1)内衬有橡胶板或聚氨酯板。
  15. 一种外侧张紧式汽车防滑链，其特征在于，包括多个结构相同的U形防滑板(1)和一套钢丝绳收紧机构(16)，所述U形防滑板(1)的两个竖边配置成与轮胎(20)内外侧相贴；第一个和最后一个所述U形防滑板(1)之间通过所述钢丝绳收紧机构(16)相连；在一个或两个所述U形防滑板(1)的外侧竖边上连接有配置成安装定位的手动螺盘(6)；所述钢丝绳收紧机构(16)由钢丝绳(11)、棘轮(14)和棘爪(15)组成，所述钢丝绳(11)的一端固定在所述U形防滑板(1)内侧底边上，另一端绕过相邻的所述U形防滑板(1)上的导向槽(12)与所述棘轮(14)相连，转动所述棘轮(14)收紧所述钢丝绳(11)，松开所述棘爪(15)后，所述棘轮(14)能反向转动，所述钢丝绳(11)松开并从所述导向槽(12)中脱出，防滑链即能从所述轮胎(20)上取下。
  16. 一种轮胎组件，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-15任一项所述的外侧张紧式汽车防滑链。
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