WO2019156058A1 - 回転電機の駆動装置 - Google Patents

回転電機の駆動装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019156058A1
WO2019156058A1 PCT/JP2019/004000 JP2019004000W WO2019156058A1 WO 2019156058 A1 WO2019156058 A1 WO 2019156058A1 JP 2019004000 W JP2019004000 W JP 2019004000W WO 2019156058 A1 WO2019156058 A1 WO 2019156058A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inverter
winding
switch
arm switch
closed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2019/004000
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
博文 金城
谷口　真
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Denso Corp
Original Assignee
Denso Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Denso Corp filed Critical Denso Corp
Priority to CN201980012412.8A priority Critical patent/CN111699625B/zh
Publication of WO2019156058A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019156058A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US16/989,641 priority patent/US11196315B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/493—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
    • H02P25/18—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
    • H02P25/22—Multiple windings; Windings for more than three phases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0043—Converters switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the converter used
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the waveform of the supplied voltage or current
    • H02P2209/01—Motors with neutral point connected to the power supply

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a drive device for a rotating electrical machine.
  • the present disclosure has been made in view of the above problems, and the main purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a rotary electric machine that can suitably perform full-wave driving and half-wave driving and reduce torque pulsation during half-wave driving. It is to provide a driving device.
  • the first means is A stator core and a first winding and a second winding wound around the stator core and comprising at least three-phase winding portions and having one end of each phase winding portion connected at a neutral point And a drive device for driving the rotating electrical machine,
  • a first inverter connected to a direct current power source and energizing each phase of the first winding by opening and closing an upper arm switch and a lower arm switch provided for each phase of the first winding;
  • a second inverter that is connected to the DC power source and opens and closes an upper arm switch and a lower arm switch provided for each phase of the second winding, thereby energizing each phase of the second winding;
  • a first changeover switch provided in a current path connecting a neutral point of the first winding and a low potential side of the DC power supply;
  • a second changeover switch provided in a current path connecting the neutral point of the second winding and the high potential side of the DC power supply; With the first changeover switch and the second changeover switch open,
  • the above rotating electric machine has at least three-phase first winding and second winding, and energization of each winding is controlled by the first inverter and the second inverter, respectively.
  • the path connecting the neutral point of the first winding and the low potential side of the DC power supply is provided with a first changeover switch, and the neutral point of the second winding and the high potential side of the DC power supply
  • a second switch is provided in the path connecting the two, and the open / close state of each switch is appropriately switched.
  • each changeover switch is switched between an open state and a closed state, whereby the full-wave drive mode and the half-wave drive mode can be switched as the drive mode of the rotating electrical machine.
  • the upper arm switch of the upper and lower arm switches of the first inverter and the lower arm switch of the upper and lower arm switches of the second inverter are The energization of the first winding and the second winding is controlled by opening and closing each of the energization periods determined alternately. That is, in each inverter, the half-wave drive of the rotating electrical machine is alternately performed. In this case, the first winding and the second winding are wound around the stator core and are magnetically coupled to each other. On the first winding side, the neutral point is set by the first changeover switch.
  • the low potential side of the DC power supply are short-circuited, and on the second winding side, the neutral point and the high potential side of the DC power supply are short-circuited by the second changeover switch. Therefore, during the energization period of the first winding and the energization period of the second winding, the directions of the phase currents are opposite to each other and change in positive and negative directions. And since the energization period of the first winding and the energization period of the second winding are set alternately, a full-wave composite magnetomotive force can be obtained. That is, it is possible to obtain a sinusoidal rotating magnetic field similar to that at the time of full wave driving while being half wave driving. As described above, full-wave driving and half-wave driving can be suitably performed, and torque pulsation during half-wave driving can be reduced.
  • the first energization control unit performs energization control of the windings by opening the first changeover switch and the second changeover switch in an operating region on the low rotation side of the rotating electrical machine.
  • the second energization control unit performs energization control of the windings by closing the first changeover switch and the second changeover switch in an operating region on the high rotation side of the rotating electrical machine.
  • the upper arm switch and the lower arm switch in the first inverter and the upper arm switch and the lower arm switch in the second inverter are connected in a reverse parallel direction.
  • the first inverter is configured such that the lower arm switch of the second inverter is opened / closed from the state where the upper arm switch of the first inverter is opened / closed by the second energization control unit.
  • the first inverter includes a first blocking unit that blocks a return path that is a path including the return diode and the first winding of the lower arm switch in the first inverter, and the second inverter The lower arm switch of the second inverter is opened and closed by the second energization control unit.
  • the return path is a path including the return diode and the second winding of the upper arm switch in the second inverter.
  • a second blocking portion for blocking the.
  • the first winding and the second winding are magnetic. Since they are coupled, commutation from the first winding side to the second winding side is performed. However, there is a concern that commutation may not be properly performed if a return path is formed on the first inverter side during the switching. That is, in the first inverter, since the return diode is provided in the upper arm switch and the lower arm switch, a return path is formed in the first inverter through the return diode and the winding. On the contrary, the same applies to the case where the state is switched from the state where the lower arm switch of the second inverter is opened and closed to the state where the upper arm switch of the first inverter is opened and closed.
  • the first inverter when the first inverter is switched from the state where the upper arm switch of the first inverter is opened and closed by the second energization control unit to the state where the lower arm switch of the second inverter is opened and closed.
  • the return path which is the path including the return diode and the first winding of the lower arm switch in the first inverter, is blocked by the first blocking section.
  • the second inverter when the second energization control unit switches from the state in which the lower arm switch of the second inverter is opened and closed to the state in which the upper arm switch of the first inverter is opened and closed,
  • the return path which is a path including the return diode of the arm switch and the second winding, is blocked by the second blocking unit.
  • the alternating current line connecting the intermediate point of each switch of the upper and lower arms of the first inverter and the winding portion for each phase of the first winding is used as the first cutoff portion.
  • a first additional switch for opening and closing a line, and connecting the intermediate point of each switch of the upper and lower arms of the second inverter and the winding portion for each phase of the second winding as the second cutoff portion The AC line has a second additional switch for opening and closing the AC line, and the first energization control unit opens the first changeover switch and the second changeover switch, and the first addition switch and The second additional switch is in a closed state, and the second energization control unit energizes the upper arm switch in the first inverter to open and close with the first changeover switch and the second changeover switch closed.
  • the first additional switch is closed, the second additional switch is opened, and the first additional switch is opened during the energization period for opening and closing the lower arm switch in the second inverter. Close the additional switch.
  • the first additional switch is provided on the AC line connecting the intermediate point of the upper and lower arms of the first inverter and the winding portion of each phase as the first interrupting unit.
  • the 2nd addition switch was provided in the alternating current line which connects the intermediate point of the upper and lower arms in a 2nd inverter, and the winding part of each phase as a 2nd interruption
  • the reflux path formed including the upper arm switch in the second inverter can be suitably cut off.
  • complementary half-wave driving can be appropriately performed with the winding that is also on the energization side.
  • the first inverter has a pair of semiconductor switching elements having free-wheeling diodes connected in series with each other and provided in opposite directions as the lower arm switch of each phase
  • the two inverters have a pair of semiconductor switching elements having free-wheeling diodes connected in series with each other as the upper arm switch of each phase and provided in opposite directions, and the pair of semiconductor switching elements in the first inverter
  • the element includes the first blocking section, and the pair of semiconductor switching elements in the second inverter configures the second blocking section.
  • a pair of semiconductor switching elements having a free-wheeling diode connected in series with each other and provided in opposite directions to each other (that is, an anti-series semiconductor switching element) ), And the pair of semiconductor switching elements function as a first cutoff unit, and the pair of semiconductor switching elements functions as a bidirectional switch that enables bidirectional energization and cutoff.
  • route formed including the lower arm switch in a 1st inverter can be interrupted
  • the second inverter a pair of semiconductor switching elements (that is, anti-series semiconductor switching elements having anti-reflective diodes) connected to each other in series and provided in opposite directions as upper arm switches of the respective phases.
  • the pair of semiconductor switching elements function as a bidirectional switch that enables bidirectional energization and interruption.
  • the reflux path formed by including the upper arm switch in the second inverter can be suitably cut off.
  • the first energization control unit is configured to control one of the pair of semiconductor switching elements in the first inverter during energization control of the first winding and the second winding.
  • Complementary opening and closing with respect to the upper arm switch in the first inverter and holding the other semiconductor switching element in a closed state, and one semiconductor switching element of the pair of semiconductor switching elements in the second inverter Are complementarily opened and closed with respect to the lower arm switch in the second inverter, and the other semiconductor switching element is held in a closed state.
  • the energization current is controlled by opening and closing one of a pair of semiconductor switching elements in each inverter and holding the other closed. In this case, a reflux operation or a regenerative operation when the power factor is not 1 can be performed, and an appropriate full-wave drive can be realized.
  • the first inverter has a semiconductor switching element having a free-wheeling diode connected in an antiparallel direction as the upper arm switch of the first inverter, and the lower arm switch A pair of IGBTs connected in parallel in opposite directions
  • the second inverter has a semiconductor switching element having a free-wheeling diode connected in anti-parallel orientation as the lower arm switch of the second inverter
  • the upper arm switch has a pair of IGBTs connected in parallel in opposite directions, and the second energization control unit opens and closes the upper arm switch of the first inverter.
  • the reflux path which is a path including the lower arm switch and the first winding in the inverter, is interrupted by the pair of IGBTs provided as the lower arm switch, and the second energization control unit controls the second inverter.
  • the return path including the first winding is interrupted by the pair of IGBTs provided as the lower arm switches.
  • the second energization control unit switches from the state where the lower arm switch of the second inverter is opened and closed to the state where the upper arm switch of the first inverter is opened and closed
  • the return path including the second winding is interrupted by the pair of IGBTs provided.
  • the first energization control unit converts one IGBT of the pair of IGBTs in the first inverter to the first inverter in energization control of the first winding and the second winding. And the other IGBT is closed and held in a closed state, and one of the pair of IGBTs in the second inverter is connected to the lower arm in the second inverter.
  • the switch is complementarily opened and closed with respect to the switch, and the other IGBT is held in the closed state.
  • the energizing current is controlled by opening and closing one of the pair of IGBTs in and keeping the other closed.
  • a reflux operation or a regenerative operation when the power factor is not 1 can be performed, and an appropriate full-wave drive can be realized.
  • the first winding and the second winding have the same number of turns, and in-phase conductors are accommodated in the same slot of the stator core.
  • the degree of magnetic coupling between the first winding and the second winding can be increased.
  • commutation loss between the windings during half-wave driving that is, switching between windings when the upper arm switch of the first inverter and the lower arm switch of the second inverter are alternately opened and closed for each energization period, respectively.
  • Flow loss can be reduced and driving efficiency can be increased.
  • the first winding and the second winding are made of a conductor having a rectangular cross section.
  • the conductors of these windings can be arranged in an orderly manner in the slot. Therefore, it is possible to suppress variation in the degree of magnetic coupling between the first winding and the second winding for each individual. Thereby, the commutation loss between windings can be reduced more appropriately.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a rotating electrical machine
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the rotor and the stator
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a conductor housing state in the stator
  • FIG. 4 is an electric circuit diagram showing a control system of the rotating electrical machine
  • FIG. 5 is a time chart for explaining the operation in the full-wave drive mode.
  • FIG. 6 is a time chart for explaining the operation in the half-wave drive mode.
  • FIG. 7 is a time chart showing a time-series change in torque of the rotating electrical machine
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a rotating electrical machine
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the rotor and the stator
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a conductor housing state in the stator
  • FIG. 4 is an electric circuit diagram showing a control system of the rotating electrical machine
  • FIG. 5 is a time chart for explaining the operation in the full-wave drive mode.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a reflux path formed by each inverter
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the rotating electrical machine output when full-wave driving is performed and the rotating electrical machine output when half-wave driving is performed.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a first operation region in which full wave drive is performed and a second operation region in which half wave drive is performed.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the mode switching process.
  • FIG. 12 is an electric circuit diagram illustrating a control system for a rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is an electric circuit diagram illustrating a control system for a rotating electrical machine according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is an electric circuit diagram illustrating a control system for a rotating electrical machine according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the rotating electrical machine in the present embodiment is used as a vehicle power source, for example.
  • the rotating electrical machine can be widely used for industrial use, vehicle use, ship use, aircraft use, home appliance use, OA equipment use, game machine use, and the like.
  • parts that are the same or equivalent to each other are given the same reference numerals in the drawings, and the description of the same reference numerals is used.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view in a direction along the rotating shaft 11 of the rotating electrical machine 10
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a transverse section of the rotor 12 and the stator 13 in a direction orthogonal to the rotating shaft 11. is there.
  • the direction in which the rotating shaft 11 extends is referred to as the axial direction
  • the direction extending radially from the rotating shaft 11 is referred to as the radial direction
  • the direction extending circumferentially from the rotating shaft 11 is referred to as the circumferential direction.
  • the rotating electrical machine 10 includes a rotor 12 fixed to a rotating shaft 11, a stator 13 provided at a position surrounding the rotor 12, and a housing 14 that accommodates the rotor 12 and the stator 13. .
  • the rotor 12 and the stator 13 are arranged coaxially.
  • the housing 14 has a pair of cylindrical housing members 14a and 14b.
  • the housing members 14a and 14b are integrated by fastening bolts 15 in a state where the housing members 14a and 14b are joined to each other at the openings.
  • the housing 14 is provided with bearings 16 and 17, and the rotating shaft 11 and the rotor 12 are rotatably supported by the bearings 16 and 17.
  • the rotor 12 has a rotor core 21, and a plurality of permanent magnets 22 in the circumferential direction are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core 21 (that is, on the side facing the inner peripheral portion of the stator 13 in the radial direction). Are provided side by side.
  • the rotor core 21 is configured by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates in the axial direction and fixing them by caulking or the like.
  • a plurality of permanent magnets 22 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 21 so that magnetic poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.
  • a 4-pole surface magnet type structure is used as the rotor structure.
  • the rotor 12 may be an embedded magnet type.
  • the permanent magnet may be a rare earth magnet or a ferrite magnet.
  • the stator 13 includes an annular stator core 31 and two sets of three phases wound around a plurality of slots 32 of the stator core 31, that is, six phases (U1, V1, W1, U2, V2, V2). Phase, W2 phase) stator windings 33.
  • the stator winding 33 has two sets of three-phase symmetrical windings.
  • the stator core 31 is configured by laminating a plurality of annular electromagnetic steel plates in the axial direction and fixing them by caulking or the like.
  • the stator core 31 has an annular yoke 34 and a plurality of teeth 35 extending radially inward from the yoke 34 and arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and slots 32 are formed between adjacent teeth 35. Has been.
  • the rotating electrical machine 10 has a 6-phase structure having 4 poles and 24 slots and two sets of three-phase windings. That is, the stator winding 33 includes two sets of three-phase windings, a first winding 33a having U1-phase, V1-phase, and W1-phase windings, and U2-phase, V2-phase, and W2-phase windings. And a second winding 33b having a phase winding (see FIG. 4).
  • each slot 32 in the stator 13, one phase is constituted by two slots that are continuous in the circumferential direction, and each slot 32 includes a first winding 33a and a second winding 33b.
  • Four conductors are inserted in a mixed state. That is, each slot 32 accommodates four layers of conductors inside and outside in the radial direction, and the conductors on the first winding 33a side and the conductors on the second winding 33b side are alternately arranged.
  • the first winding 33a and the second winding 33b have the same number of turns and are accommodated in the same slot 32 for each phase.
  • Each of the windings 33a and 33b is constituted by a rectangular wire (that is, a conductor having a rectangular cross section), and in each slot 32, the windings 33a and 33b are arranged in a state of being aligned radially inward and outward. .
  • the slots 32 of # 1 and # 2 accommodate the conductors of the windings 33a and 33b in the order of U2-> U1-> U2-> U1 from the radially inner side (that is, the rotor 12 side).
  • the slots 32 accommodate the conductors of the windings 33a and 33b in the order of V1-> V2-> V1-> V2 from the radially inner side, and the slots 32 of # 5 and # 6 are W2-> W1-> W2-> from the radially inner side.
  • the conductors of the windings 33a and 33b are accommodated in the order of W1. According to such a configuration, in each slot 32, the conductor on the first winding 33a side and the conductor on the second winding 33b side are magnetically coupled to each other for each phase.
  • the number of poles, the number of phases, the number of slots, and the number of conductor layers are not limited to this.
  • the first winding 33a and the second winding 33b are wound around the stator core 31, and this winding state
  • the windings 33a and 33b may be magnetically coupled to each other for each phase.
  • FIG. 4 two sets of three-phase windings (that is, the first winding 33a and the second winding 33b) are shown as the stator winding 33, and a first inverter is provided for each of the windings 33a and 33b. 40 and the second inverter 50 are provided.
  • the inverters 40 and 50 are configured by a full bridge circuit having upper and lower arms equal in number to the phases of the windings 33a and 33b, and the windings 33a and 33b are turned on and off by switches (semiconductor switching elements) provided in the arms. The energization current in 33b is adjusted.
  • the first inverter 40 includes a series connection body of an upper arm switch 41 and a lower arm switch 42 in three phases including a U1 phase, a V1 phase, and a W1 phase.
  • the high potential side terminal of the upper arm switch 41 of each phase is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply 60, and the low potential side terminal of the lower arm switch 42 of each phase is connected to the negative terminal (ground) of the DC power supply 60.
  • Each of the upper arm switch 41 and the lower arm switch 42 is a semiconductor switching element. More specifically, the upper arm switch 41 and the lower arm switch 42 are IGBTs having freewheeling diodes 43 and 44 connected in an antiparallel direction. That is, the free-wheeling diodes 43 and 44 are provided so that the cathode is on the high potential side and the anode is on the low potential side, respectively.
  • the additional switch 45 corresponds to a “first additional switch”, and by this additional switch 45, the intermediate point between the switches 41 and 42 of the upper and lower arms in the first inverter 40 and the winding for each phase of the first winding 33 a.
  • the AC line connecting the parts is turned on or off.
  • the additional switch 45 is a semiconductor switching element made of IGBT, for example.
  • the additional switch 45 is provided with a free-wheeling diode 46 in such a direction that the intermediate point side of each of the switches 41 and 42 of the upper and lower arms is a cathode and the winding portion side for each phase is an anode.
  • the phase windings of the first winding 33a are star-connected (Y connection), and the other ends of the phase windings are connected to each other at a neutral point N1.
  • the neutral point N1 is connected to the low potential side of the DC power supply 60 via a current path 47, and a changeover switch 48 is provided in the current path 47.
  • the change-over switch 48 corresponds to a “first change-over switch”, and the change-over switch 48 establishes or cuts off between the neutral point N1 and the low potential side of the DC power supply 60.
  • the changeover switch 48 is a semiconductor switching element made of, for example, IGBT.
  • the changeover switch 48 is provided with a freewheeling diode 49 in such a direction that the neutral point N1 side is a cathode and the low potential side of the DC power supply 60 is an anode.
  • the second inverter 50 has a configuration similar to that of the first inverter 40, and includes a series connection body of an upper arm switch 51 and a lower arm switch 52 in three phases including a U2 phase, a V2 phase, and a W2 phase. ing.
  • the high potential side terminal of the upper arm switch 51 of each phase is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply 60, and the low potential side terminal of the lower arm switch 52 of each phase is connected to the negative terminal (ground) of the DC power supply 60.
  • Each of the upper arm switch 51 and the lower arm switch 52 is a semiconductor switching element. More specifically, the upper arm switch 51 and the lower arm switch 52 are IGBTs having freewheeling diodes 53 and 54 connected in an antiparallel orientation. That is, the free-wheeling diodes 53 and 54 are provided so that the cathode is on the high potential side and the anode is on the low potential side, respectively.
  • the additional switch 55 corresponds to a “second additional switch”, and by this additional switch 55, the intermediate point between the switches 51 and 52 of the upper and lower arms in the second inverter 50 and the winding of each phase of the second winding 33 b.
  • the AC line connecting the parts is turned on or off.
  • the additional switch 55 is a semiconductor switching element made of, for example, IGBT.
  • the additional switch 55 is provided with a free-wheeling diode 56 in such a direction that an intermediate point side of each of the switches 51 and 52 of the upper and lower arms is an anode and a winding portion side for each phase is a cathode.
  • Each phase winding of the second winding 33b is star-connected (Y connection), and the other end of each phase winding is connected to each other at a neutral point N2.
  • the neutral point N2 is connected to the high potential side of the DC power supply 60 via a current path 57, and a changeover switch 58 is provided in the current path 57.
  • the change-over switch 58 corresponds to a “second change-over switch”, and the change-over switch 58 conducts or cuts off between the neutral point N ⁇ b> 2 and the high potential side of the DC power supply 60.
  • the changeover switch 58 is a semiconductor switching element made of, for example, IGBT.
  • the changeover switch 58 is provided with a reflux diode 59 in such a direction that the neutral point N2 side is an anode and the high potential side of the DC power supply 60 is a cathode.
  • the control device 65 includes a microcomputer composed of a CPU and various memories, and opens and closes (turns on and off) each switch in the inverters 40 and 50 based on various detection information in the rotating electrical machine 10 and requests for power running and power generation. Conduct energization control.
  • the detection information of the rotating electrical machine 10 includes, for example, a rotation angle (electrical angle information) of the rotor 12 detected by an angle detector such as a resolver, a power supply voltage (inverter input voltage) detected by a voltage sensor, and a current sensor.
  • the energization current of each phase detected by is included.
  • Control device 65 generates and outputs an operation signal for operating each switch of inverters 40 and 50.
  • energization of the first winding 33a and the second winding 33b in the rotating electrical machine 10 is controlled by the first inverter 40 and the second inverter 50, respectively.
  • the changeover switches 48 and 58 are opened (off state)
  • the drive of the rotating electrical machine 10 is controlled in the full-wave drive mode
  • the changeover switches 48 and 58 are closed (on state).
  • the drive of the rotating electrical machine 10 is controlled in the half-wave drive mode. That is, by switching the changeover switches 48 and 58 between the open state and the closed state, the drive mode of the rotating electrical machine 10 is switched between the full wave drive mode and the half wave drive mode.
  • the control device 65 constitutes a first energization control unit and a second energization control unit.
  • FIG. 5 shows a control mode of each switch in the full-wave drive mode
  • FIG. 6 shows a control mode of each switch in the half-wave drive mode. 5 and 6 show only the operations of the W1 phase and the W2 phase of the three-phase two sets of stator windings 33, but the electrical angles of the other phases of the windings 33a and 33b differ by 120 degrees. Similar operations are performed in phase.
  • the changeover switches 48 and 58 are turned off, and the additional switches 45 and 55 of the inverters 40 and 50 are turned on. Then, in the first inverter 40, the upper arm switch 41 and the lower arm switch 42 are turned on and off in a complementary manner, whereby energization of the first winding 33a is controlled. Further, when the upper arm switch 51 and the lower arm switch 52 are complementarily turned on and off in the second inverter 50, the energization of the second winding 33b is controlled.
  • the energization of the first winding 33a and the second winding 33b is controlled by each switch of the upper and lower arms in each of the inverters 40 and 50 being complementarily opened and closed in the same energization period.
  • the rotating electrical machine 10 is driven.
  • the stator winding 33 is energized by the full-wave three-phase alternating current by conducting energization control in the same energization period for the two sets of in-phase winding portions. As a result, high torque output is possible.
  • the changeover switches 48 and 58 are turned on, and the additional switch 45 of the first inverter 40 and the additional switch 55 of the second inverter 50 are cycled 180 degrees ( It is turned on alternately in an electrical half cycle.
  • the ON period of the additional switches 45 and 55 the upper arm switch 41 of the first inverter 40 is turned on / off, and the lower arm switch 52 of the second inverter 50 is turned on / off.
  • the additional switch 45 of the first inverter 40 is turned on and the additional switch 55 of the second inverter 50 is turned off.
  • the upper arm switch 41 is turned on and off, and the lower arm switch 42 is held off.
  • both the upper arm switch 51 and the lower arm switch 52 are held. Holds off.
  • the additional switch 45 of the first inverter 40 is turned off and the additional switch 55 of the second inverter 50 is turned on.
  • the upper arm switch 41 and the lower arm switch 42 are both held off, and in the second inverter 50, the upper arm switch 51 is held off, and the lower arm The switch 42 is turned on / off.
  • the upper arm switch 41 and the upper and lower arms of the second inverter 50 of the upper and lower arms 41 and 42 of the first inverter 40 are closed with the changeover switches 48 and 58 closed.
  • the lower arm switch 52 is opened and closed in alternately energized periods (T1 and T2). Thereby, the energization of the first winding 33a and the second winding 33b is controlled.
  • the half-wave drive of the rotating electrical machine 10 is alternately performed in each of the inverters 40 and 50.
  • the first winding 33a and the second winding 33b are in a state of being magnetically coupled to each other.
  • the neutral point N1 is Since the low potential side of the DC power source 60 is short-circuited and the neutral point N2 and the high potential side of the DC power source 60 are short-circuited by the changeover switch 58 on the second winding 33b side, the first winding In the energization period of the line 33a and the energization period of the second winding 33b, the directions of the phase currents are opposite to each other and change in positive and negative directions. And since the energization period of the 1st coil
  • a negative current flows as a W1 current at the beginning, but gradually shifts to a positive current.
  • a positive current is generated as a W1 current at the beginning. Flows, but gradually shifts to a negative current.
  • the combined current (W1 + W2 current) of the W1 current and the W2 current becomes a sine wave waveform or a waveform close to it while being half-wave driven. That is, a sinusoidal rotating magnetic field (magnetomotive force) can be obtained as in the case of full-wave driving.
  • FIG. 7 is a time chart showing the time-series change of the torque of the rotating electrical machine 10, the solid line shows the torque change in this embodiment, and the alternate long and short dash line shows the torque change in the conventional example. According to FIG. 7, it can be seen that the torque pulsation is reduced and the average torque is increased (AVE1 ⁇ AVE2).
  • the additional switch 55 is turned on, and the switching of the lower arm switch 52 of the second inverter 50 is started, so that a half-wave current flows through the second winding 33b. Further, thereafter, the same applies when commutation from the second winding 33b to the first winding 33a is performed. However, as a difference, when a half-wave current flows through the second winding 33b, the direction of the current is opposite to that when the first winding 33a is energized, and from the neutral point N2 of the second winding 33b, A negative current flows in a direction toward the lower arm switch 52 via the additional switch 55.
  • a reflux path is formed in the first inverter 40, which may cause trouble in commutation. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, on the first inverter 40 side, a return path R1 is formed as a path including the return diode 44 of the lower arm switch 42 and the first winding 33a.
  • FIG. 8 shows a return path R1 passing through the W1 phase winding section and a return path R2 passing through the W2 phase winding section.
  • the switching of the upper arm switch 41 of the first inverter 40 is stopped and the switching of the lower arm switch 52 of the second inverter 50 is started, it is added in accordance with the switching stop of the upper arm switch 41.
  • the switch 45 is turned off. Therefore, the reflux path R1 is blocked by the additional switch 45.
  • the additional switch is set in accordance with the switching stop of the lower arm switch 52. 55 is turned off. Therefore, the return path R2 is blocked by the additional switch 55.
  • the additional switch 45 corresponds to a “first blocking unit”
  • the additional switch 55 corresponds to a “second blocking unit”.
  • the lower arm switch 42 and the additional switch 45 are connected in series so that the freewheeling diodes 44 and 46 are opposite to each other.
  • a bidirectional switch that can be shut off is configured.
  • the upper arm switch 51 and the additional switch 55 are connected in series so that the freewheeling diodes 53 and 56 are opposite to each other.
  • a bidirectional switch that can be shut off is configured.
  • the control device 65 switches between the full wave drive mode and the half wave drive mode based on the rotation speed of the rotating electrical machine 10. Specifically, the control device 65 turns off (opens) the changeover switches 48 and 58 and performs energization control of the windings 33a and 33b in the full-wave drive mode in the operation region on the low rotation side of the rotating electrical machine 10. To do. Further, in the operating range on the high rotation side of the rotating electrical machine 10, the selector switches 48 and 58 are turned on (closed), and energization control of the windings 33a and 33b is performed in the half-wave drive mode.
  • the rotating electrical machine output at the time of performing full wave driving is indicated by a solid line
  • the rotating electrical machine output at the time of performing half wave driving is indicated by a broken line.
  • Full-wave driving is suitable for high torque operation because the magnetomotive force is twice that of half-wave driving.
  • Half-wave driving is suitable for high-speed operation because the applied voltage per unit winding is twice that of full-wave driving. In this case, the output characteristics partially overlap when full-wave driving and half-wave driving are performed.
  • the first operation region for full-wave drive and the second operation region for half-wave drive are defined as shown in FIG. 10, and mode switching is performed according to each of these operation regions. Yes. In FIG. 10, the first operation region is hatched.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a mode switching process performed by the control device 65, and this process is repeatedly performed at a predetermined cycle.
  • step S11 it is determined whether or not the operating state of the rotating electrical machine 10 is in the first operating range
  • step S12 it is determined whether or not the operating state of the rotating electrical machine 10 is in the second operating range.
  • the operating range may be determined based on the rotation speed calculated based on the rotation information of the rotor 12 and the required torque for the rotating electrical machine 10.
  • step S13 it is determined that the rotating electrical machine 10 is driven in the full-wave drive mode.
  • the changeover switches 48 and 58 are turned off.
  • the full-wave drive is performed by switching the upper and lower arm switches of each phase.
  • step S14 If the operating state of the rotating electrical machine 10 is in the second operating range, the process proceeds to step S14, and it is determined that the rotating electrical machine 10 is driven in the half-wave drive mode. In this case, the changeover switches 48 and 58 are turned on. Further, in each phase, the additional switches 45 and 55 of the inverters 40 and 50 are alternately turned on every electrical half cycle, the upper arm switch 41 is switched in the first inverter 40, and the lower switch is switched in the second inverter 50. The arm switch 52 is switched to perform half-wave driving.
  • the changeover switches 48 and 58 are turned off (opened), and full-wave energization of the first winding 33a and the second winding 33b by the first inverter 40 and the second inverter 50 is performed.
  • energization control in the same energization period is performed on the in-phase winding portion, and high torque output is realized.
  • the changeover switches 48 and 58 are turned on (closed) so that the first inverter 40 and the second inverter 50 perform half-wave energization of the first winding 33a and the second winding 33b. did. In this case, the first winding 33a and the second winding 33b are in a state of being magnetically coupled to each other. Further, on the side of the first winding 33a, the neutral point N1 and the low potential of the DC power supply 60 are switched by the changeover switch 48.
  • the changeover switches 48 and 58 are opened and closed in accordance with the operating area of the rotating electrical machine 10, different output characteristics can be suitably obtained, and the high-efficiency operating area of the rotating electrical machine 10 can be expanded.
  • the changeover switches 48 and 58 are closed, the applied voltage per unit winding is increased in the winding portion of each phase as compared with the case of full-wave driving. Therefore, it is possible to realize an advantageous configuration for extending the operating range of the rotating electrical machine 10 to the high rotation range side.
  • R1 and R2 are blocked by additional switches 45 and 55.
  • the additional switches 45 and 55 are provided on the AC line connecting the intermediate point of the upper and lower arms and the winding portion of each phase.
  • the reflux path formed when energization is switched can be suitably blocked.
  • complementary half-wave driving can be appropriately performed with the winding that is also on the energization side.
  • first winding 33a and the second winding 33b have the same number of turns and the same-phase conductors are accommodated in the same slot 32 of the stator core 31, the first winding 33a and the second winding 33b.
  • the degree of magnetic coupling with 33b can be increased.
  • commutation loss between the windings during half-wave driving that is, winding when the upper arm switch 41 of the first inverter 40 and the lower arm switch 52 of the second inverter 50 are alternately opened and closed for each energization period.
  • the commutation loss between the lines can be reduced, and the driving efficiency can be increased.
  • the conductors of the windings 33a and 33b can be arranged in the slots 32 in an orderly manner. Therefore, it is possible to suppress variations in the degree of magnetic coupling between the first winding 33a and the second winding 33b. Thereby, the commutation loss between windings can be reduced more appropriately.
  • the drive system can be made redundant, and the reliability of the system can be improved.
  • FIG. 12 is an electric circuit diagram illustrating a control system for a rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment.
  • the first inverter 40 includes a pair of semiconductor switching elements 42a and 42b having free-wheeling diodes 44a and 44b connected in series with each other as the lower arm switch 42 of each phase and provided in opposite directions. Is provided.
  • the pair of semiconductor switching elements 42a and 42b are reverse conducting semiconductor switching elements connected in reverse series, and function as bidirectional switches that enable bidirectional energization and interruption.
  • the pair of semiconductor switching elements 42a and 42b corresponds to the “first blocking portion”.
  • the second inverter 50 is provided with a pair of semiconductor switching elements 51a and 51b having free-wheeling diodes 53a and 53b that are connected in series with each other and provided in opposite directions as the upper arm switch 51 of each phase. ing.
  • the pair of semiconductor switching elements 51a and 51b are reverse conducting semiconductor switching elements connected in reverse series, and function as a bidirectional switch that enables energization and interruption in both directions.
  • the pair of semiconductor switching elements 51a and 51b corresponds to a “second blocking unit”.
  • the control device 65 in the first inverter 40 is one of the semiconductor switching elements 42 a and 42 b as the lower arm switch 42.
  • 42a that is, the semiconductor switching element having the same direction of the upper arm switch 41 and the reflux diode
  • the other semiconductor switching element 42b is held in the ON state (closed state).
  • one of the pair of semiconductor switching elements 51a and 51b as the upper arm switch 51 ie, a semiconductor switching element having the same direction of the lower arm switch 52 and the reflux diode
  • the lower arm switch 52 is complementarily opened and closed, and the other semiconductor switching element 51b is held in an on state (closed state).
  • the control device 65 switches the upper arm switch 41 while the semiconductor switching element 42a of the pair of semiconductor switching elements 42a and 42b. Is held in the off state (open state), and the semiconductor switching element 42b is held in the on state (closed state).
  • the switches 51 and 52 on the second inverter 50 side are both held in an off state (open state).
  • the control device 65 stops the switching of the upper arm switch 41 and turns off the pair of semiconductor switching elements 42a and 42b (open state). Then, the switching of the lower arm switch 52 by the second inverter 50 is started. When the lower arm switch 52 is switched, the semiconductor switching element 51a of the pair of semiconductor switching elements 51a and 51b is held in the off state (open state), and the semiconductor switching element 51b is held in the on state (closed state).
  • the semiconductor switching element 42 a operates in the same manner as the lower arm switch 42, and the semiconductor switching element 42 b operates in the same manner as the additional switch 45.
  • the semiconductor switching element 51 a operates in the same manner as the upper arm switch 51, and the semiconductor switching element 51 b operates in the same manner as the additional switch 55.
  • the pair of semiconductor switching elements 42a and 42b are turned off.
  • the currents are cut off in both directions by the free-flowing diodes 44a and 44b opposite to each other. Therefore, when the switching of the upper arm switch 41 is stopped, the reflux path R1 (see FIG. 8) in the first inverter 40 is cut off.
  • the pair of semiconductor switching elements 51a and 51b are turned off. In the state, the energization is cut off in both directions by the free-flowing diodes 53a and 53b opposite to each other. Therefore, when the switching of the lower arm switch 52 is stopped, the reflux path R2 (see FIG. 8) in the second inverter 50 is interrupted.
  • the number of series elements in a conducting state during full-wave driving can be reduced, and conduction loss can be reduced.
  • each of the inverters 40 and 50 includes a pair of semiconductor switching elements connected in reverse series (that is, the lower arm switch 42 of the first inverter 40 and the upper arm switch 51 of the second inverter 50).
  • the energization current is controlled by opening and closing one and holding the other closed. In this case, a reflux operation or a regenerative operation when the power factor is not 1 can be performed, and an appropriate full-wave drive can be realized.
  • FIG. 13 is an electric circuit diagram illustrating a control system for a rotating electrical machine according to the third embodiment.
  • the first inverter 40 is provided with a pair of IGBTs 42 c and 42 d connected in parallel in opposite directions as the lower arm switch 42 of each phase.
  • the pair of IGBTs 42c and 42d are reverse blocking IGBTs connected in antiparallel and function as bidirectional switches that enable bidirectional energization and interruption. More specifically, in one IGBT 42c, the collector is set to the high potential side and the emitter is set to the low potential side. In the other IGBT 42d, the emitter is set to the high potential side and the collector is set to the low potential side. It is connected to the.
  • the second inverter 50 is provided with a pair of IGBTs 51c and 51d connected in parallel in opposite directions as the upper arm switch 51 of each phase.
  • the pair of IGBTs 51c and 51d are reverse blocking IGBTs connected in antiparallel, and function as bidirectional switches that enable bidirectional energization and interruption. More specifically, in one IGBT 51c, the collector is set to the high potential side and the emitter is set to the low potential side, and in the other IGBT 51d, the emitter is set to the high potential side and the collector is set to the low potential side. It is connected to the.
  • the control device 65 in the first inverter 40 includes one IGBT 42c (that is, the upper arm) of the pair of IGBTs 42c and 42d as the lower arm switch 42.
  • the IGBT whose collector is connected to the switch 41 is opened and closed in a complementary manner with respect to the upper arm switch 41, and the other IGBT 42d is held in the ON state (closed state).
  • one IGBT 51 c that is, an IGBT having an emitter connected to the lower arm switch 52
  • the other IGBT 51d is held in the ON state (closed state).
  • the control device 65 switches the upper arm switch 41 while turning off the IGBT 42c of the pair of IGBTs 42c and 42d (open state). ) And the IGBT 42d is held in the ON state (closed state). The switches 51 and 52 on the second inverter 50 side are both held in an off state (open state).
  • the control device 65 stops the switching of the upper arm switch 41 and turns off the pair of IGBTs 42c and 42d (open state). Then, the switching of the lower arm switch 52 by the second inverter 50 is started. When the lower arm switch 52 is switched, the IGBT 51c of the pair of IGBTs 51c and 51d is held in the off state (open state) and held in the IGBT 51d on state (closed state).
  • the IGBT 42 c operates in the same manner as the lower arm switch 42, and the IGBT 42 d operates in the same manner as the additional switch 45. Further, the IGBT 51c operates in the same manner as the upper arm switch 51, and the IGBT 51d operates in the same manner as the additional switch 55.
  • the pair of IGBTs 42c and 42d are turned off to turn on and off. Is turned off. Therefore, when the switching of the upper arm switch 41 is stopped, the reflux path R1 (see FIG. 8) in the first inverter 40 is cut off.
  • the pair of IGBTs 51c and 51d are turned off to turn on and off. The power is cut off at. Therefore, when the switching of the lower arm switch 52 is stopped, the reflux path R2 (see FIG. 8) in the second inverter 50 is interrupted.
  • commutation between the first winding 33a side and the second winding 33b side can be suitably performed, and complementary half-wave drive in each winding 33a, 33b. Can be implemented properly.
  • the lower arm switch 42 of the first inverter 40 and the upper arm switch 51 of the second inverter 50 are configured by a pair of IGBTs connected in parallel to each other, the number of switching elements that are conducted during half-wave driving ( That is, the number of series elements on the conduction path does not increase. Therefore, conduction loss during half-wave driving can be reduced.
  • a pair of IGBTs connected in reverse parallel that is, the lower arm switch 42 of the first inverter 40 and the upper arm switch 51 of the second inverter 50.
  • the energization current is controlled by opening and closing one IGBT and holding the other IGBT in a closed state. In this case, a reflux operation or a regenerative operation when the power factor is not 1 can be performed, and an appropriate full-wave drive can be realized.
  • FIG. 14 is an electric circuit diagram showing a control system of the rotating electrical machine 10 in the fourth embodiment.
  • the lower arm switch 42 of the first inverter 40 is provided with MOSFETs 42e and 42f made of wide gap semiconductors connected in series in the opposite direction.
  • MOSFETs 51e and 51f made of a wide gap semiconductor are provided in a state of being connected in series in the reverse direction.
  • a wide gap semiconductor element made of SiC (silicon carbide) -based material, GaN (gallium nitride) -based material, or the like as the MOSFET formed of a wide gap semiconductor.
  • SiC silicon carbide
  • GaN gallium nitride
  • the conduction loss can be further reduced when the switches are switched in the full-wave drive mode.
  • the changeover switches 48 and 58 mechanical contact switches may be used instead of the semiconductor switching elements.
  • the semiconductor switching element does not necessarily have to be used in applications in which the low-rotation operation region and the high-rotation operation region are intermittently switched.
  • the number of turns of the first winding 33a and the number of turns of the second winding 33b may be different. In this case, the magnitude of the current flowing through the first winding 33a is different from the magnitude of the current flowing through the second winding 33b, but half-wave driving is possible.
  • the stator winding 33 is not limited to a three-phase winding, and may be, for example, a five-phase winding as long as it has a neutral point.
  • the two inverters 40 and 50 may be configured such that separate DC power supplies are connected to each other.
  • the rotary electric machine 10 may be other than the magnet rotor structure, for example, an induction rotor structure. Further, an outer rotor structure may be used instead of the inner rotor structure.

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  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)
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